2020届高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题复习.doc
03 阅读专项之主旨大意题-2024高考英语重点题型
wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.” In March 2008, Ginni boarded
a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing
portions（份）, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social
influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women
主题句通常在首段
记人
主题句通常在末段
记事
主题句通常在首段或末段
主题句通常在首段或根据小标题来判断
议论文
主题句通常在首段或末段
文章大意题之学以致用
B Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills. Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age. “The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转 )and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement. The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higherincome parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls. The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
2020届高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读第4讲主旨大意题练习
第4讲主旨大意题【真题达标组】A(2019全国卷Ⅱ， C)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e－book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time. And like more Americ ans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore,74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today，I just wanted some time to myself，” she said.Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first－name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of th e week，” he said. “It's a chance for self－reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demerit, whose company provided the statistics for the report.( )1.What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A．Food variety.B．Eating habits.C．Table manners.D．Restaurant service.( )2.Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?A．To meet with her coworkers.B．To catch up with her work.C．To have some time on her own.D．To collect data for her report.( )3.What do we know about Mazoleny?A．He makes videos for the bar.B．He's fond of the food at the bar.C．He interviews customers at the bar.D．He's familiar with the barkeeper.( )4.What is the text mainly about?A．The trend of having meals alone.B．The importance of self－reflection.C．The stress from working overtime.D．The advantage of wireless technology.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，列举了越来越多人喜欢单独吃饭的现象，并解释了原因。
2020年高考英语之高频考点解密十六 阅读理解之主旨大意题附解析
解密16 阅读理解之主旨大意题考点详解主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占2-3个。
◆主旨大意题的分类1. 从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
2. 考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2. 正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3. 错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4. 常以main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss 等词提问。
◆常考问题：1. 中心思想类The main point /idea of the pa ssage is…The passage is mainly about…The passage mainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…?Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?2. 标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passage would be …3. 目的类The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …The passage is meant to ….In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to…【名师指导】文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1. 中心主题句出现在文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。
高考英语阅读理解 主旨大意
主旨大意知识摘要一、高考阅读理解主旨大意类题目常见的设问方式1. The main idea/ key point of this passage is that ________.2. The passage is mainly about ________.3. The best title/ headline for this passage is ________.4. The topic/ subject discussed in this passage is ________.5. From the passage we can learn/ conclude that ________.6. The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with ________.7. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?8. Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?考点梳理一、仔细审题，看好范围。
注意问题提问的是某一段还是全文的主旨要义。
正确选项的特点是：一般不出现细节信息；不含过于肯定或绝对的词语。
二、略读法迅速将全段或全文浏览一遍，尽量利用有关信息词确定主题句的位置。
比如for example, first等之前的句子中或在all in all, above all之后的句子中。
三、首尾定位法特别注意全文或所问段落的首句和尾句。
段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句；作者有意识得反复重复的观点通常是主旨；首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答通常就是主旨；同时还要注意那些提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore, thus, but, however, in short等。
2020高考英语阅读理解D原文、译文、长难句解析及答案详解
高考英语2020年阅读理解D原文、译文、长难句解析及答案详解第一部分，阅读理解D原文和译文：DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.人类与植物之间的联系长期以来一直是科学研究的主题。
最新研究发现了二者之间一些积极的影响。
例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦市进行的一项研究发现：城市绿化更好的区域犯罪率更低。
在另一项研究中，当员工们的工作场所装饰有室内盆栽植物时，他们的工作效率会提升15%。
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.麻省理工学院的工程师们对此研究更进了一步。
高考英语复习-阅读理解主旨大意题
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第十页，共五十页。
Tip 2: at the end
主题句在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证, 最
后自然(zìrán)得出结论, 即段落的主题。本段的中心思想在结 尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。
第十一页，共五十页。
3. 有些段落(duànluò)的主题句被安排在段落(duànluò)的中间
they showed their unarmed (无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of
goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities
began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement.
7 to 10 a.m. daily. B) There are many reasons why guests feel at
home at the Glorietta Bay Inn. C) The coin-operated laundry room has an
ironing board. D) There are a number of extra services at the
第18讲阅读理解主旨大意题(讲义)-高考英语一轮复习(新教材新高考)(原卷版)
►第18讲主旨大意题（讲义）【复习目标】掌握主旨大意两大类题型特征区分主旨大意题的正确选项和干扰项特征掌握主旨大意题不同文体的解题技巧掌握主旨大意题不同题型的解题技巧【考情分析】【网络构建】命题规律：主旨大意题即考查细节理解能力, 又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。
不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
题型和考查角度：1.主题类：文章大意题和段落大意题(概括文章或段落的主旨大意)2.标题类：标题判断题（选择最佳标题）。
要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
选项特征：命题方式：What is the text mainly about?What is the best title for the text?What can be a suitable title for the text?What's the first/second/third....paragraph mainly about?What's the main idea discussed in the first/second/.. paragraph?不同文体解题技巧：1.议论文或说明文：议论文或说明文的主题句一般在文首,但有的在文尾,也有的首尾呼应。
2.新闻报道：新闻报道的主题句就是导语,即文章的首句或首段。
正文采取倒金字塔形式--最重要事实, 次要事实,最次要事实3.科研报告或调查报告：反映科学实验或调研结果的报道或科普类说明文，内容主要包括“科研实验结果或调查结果+实验研究过程或调查的具体情况”两大部分,文章主旨就是科研或调查结果，因此主题句通常在首段,且常伴有according to a study, a study showed/proved, this is suggested by the results of new research on, scientists recently reported, a study claimed 等。
2020年高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题专练(附答案)
2020年高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题专练（附答案）1.阅读理解A girl with blue eyes is a blue-eyed girl. A man with long legs is a long-legged man. A woman with white hair is a white-haired woman. Children who have good looks are good-looking children. What do you do when you want to buy clothes? You go to a shop. If you can find clothes that are the right size for you, and if they are ready to wear, you will probably buy them. They are called ready-made clothes. If you can not find clothes that are the right size, you will go to a tailor's shop. A tailor is a man who makes clothes. He will measure you carefully and will then make clothes for you. Such clothes are called tailor-made clothes.What do we call a man who is dressed badly? We call him a badly-dressed man. A woman who is dressed well is called a well-dressed woman.What do you wear when it rains heavily? You wear a coat that will keep the rain out. Such a coat is called a raincoat. It is made of waterproof cloth-cloth that does not let water pass through. We have a lot of rain in England. If you come to England, bring a raincoat and an umbrella. You will find them useful.If the floor, walls and ceiling of a room are made so that sound cannot pass through the wall, we say that the room is sound-proof. There are sound-proof rooms in all broadcasting stations.（1）The clothes which you buy from the supermarket are called clothes.A. tailor-madeB. ready-madeC. hand-madeD. mass production（2）If you come to England, bring both a raincoat and an umbrella because .A. there is a lot of rain in EnglandB. there are few umbrellas in the countryC. gentlemen usually carry umbrellas with them in EnglandD. walking with an umbrella in hand is popular in England（3）On back of a watch we can often see the word “water-proof”. The word means.A. water won't get into the watchB. you can put water into the watchC. not putting the watch into waterD. you can see the watch clearly in water（4）What do you think is the best title for the article?A. The Forms of Compound WordsB. Compound Words in Everyday LifeC. How to Use Compound WordsD. Water-proof Cloth in the Best2.阅读理解Augustus Saint-Gaudens and his family immigrated to New York, America, from Dublin, Ireland, in 1848 when he was just six months old. As he grew up, Augustus liked racing his friends around the block, buying candies at the store, especially drawing—drawing pictures of the shoemakers at his father's shoe shop. At the age of 13, his father told him it was time to go to work. Augustus replied, "I should like it if I could do something which would help me to be an artist." He began as an apprentice to a cameo cutter out of stone and shell, and carved cameos of people, lions, and even the head of Hercules from Greek mythology, when the Civil War had just begun.At 19, with his earnings and his parents' support, he travelled to Paris and Rome for further training and artistic study. Before he left, he drew a portrait of his mother in pencil and sculpted a small bust(半身像) of his father out of clay. Then, 22-year-old Augustus opened an art studio in Rome and worked on his first life-sizedsculpture, called Hiawatha. An art patron was impressed with this sculpture and promised to help Augustus "until your genius and labors shall have met with the reward to which I feel they are entitled".In 1876, Augustus was chosen to design a monument to the Civil War hero Admiral David Farragut of the U. S. Navy. Completed five years later, when he was 33, his first major sculpture for the U. S. was unveiled at Madison Square in New York City, the sculptor's boyhood home. One art critic called it "the best monument of the kind the city has to show". Then the giant Standing Lincoln in Lincoln Park, Chicago in a setting by architect White, 1884-1887, was considered the finest portrait statue in the U. S.However, in 1900, aged 52, his doctors told him he had cancer. Even though he was often ill, he continued to work at his home and studio in Cornish, New Hampshire.In 1905, President Theodore Roosevelt requested that Augustus redesign American coins—to convey the strength of the nation. Augustus made lifelike pencil sketches of his coin designs. Yet, Augustus died in August 1907, two months before his l0-dollar and 20-dollar gold coins were issued. Augustus Saint-Gaudens had fulfilled his dream-and more! He was one of the greatest American sculptors not only of his day but also of all time. （1）What did Augustus like doing as a child?A. He enjoyed selling candies at the store.B. He enjoyed chasing after his friends at school.C. He liked drawing pictures of his father's workers.D. He liked going to work as a shoemaker in his father's shop.（2）How did Augustus become a sculptor?A. He received sponsorship from an art critic.B. He sculpted a small bust of his parents out of clay.C. He opened an art studio in Rome and worked on Hiawatha.D. He learned hard as an apprentice and carved many nice works.（3）When did Roosevelt request Augustus to redesign American coins?A. At his age of 33.B. At his age of 57.C. At his age of 52.D. At his age of 59.（4）What is the text mainly about?A. The history of the Civil War.B. The remarkable sculptor's life.C. The comments on Augustus' works.D. The outstanding sculptor's masterpieces.3.根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
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2020届高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题复习XX届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]专题17 阅读理解之主旨大意题【备考策略】这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
常见的设题方式有：(1) which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?(2) what is the writer trying to tell us?(3) which of the following is the best title for the passage?(4) the purpose of the passage is.(5) the main (general) idea of the passage is.(6) the passage is mainly about.(7) what is mainly discussed in the passage?这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。
找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
主题句在整个语段中起着通领全段的作用，其它句子都是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的，其位置一般位于段首，也见于段尾或段中。
另外在许多文段中，设有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。
但必须注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
这就需要进一步加工概括了。
〖第一招〗在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。
因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法。
浏览时，一般不需逐句浏览，只需选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句。
重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后，此类文章往往以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点，或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点，以此归纳文章的主旨大意，所以有时要找出这样的信息，从中提炼标题或归纳大意。
〖第二招〗抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。
在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排，理解文章的重点，考虑文章中材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心来安排的。
最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。
即不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
〖第三招〗抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。
阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。
分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。
345678910111314151617181920222324252627282930312020-02-09XX届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]专题17 阅读理解之主旨大意题【备考策略】这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
常见的设题方式有：(1) which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?(2) what is the writer trying to tell us?(3) which of the following is the best title for the passage?(4) the purpose of the passage is.(5) the main (general) idea of the passage is.(6) the passage is mainly about.(7) what is mainly discussed in the passage?这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。
找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
主题句在整个语段中起着通领全段的作用，其它句子都是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的，其位置一般位于段首，也见于段尾或段中。
另外在许多文段中，设有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。
但必须注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
这就需要进一步加工概括了。
〖第一招〗在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。
因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法。
浏览时，一般不需逐句浏览，只需选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句。
重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后，此类文章往往以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点，或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点，以此归纳文章的主旨大意，所以有时要找出这样的信息，从中提炼标题或归纳大意。
〖第二招〗抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。
在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排，理解文章的重点，考虑文章中材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心来安排的。
最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。
即不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
〖第三招〗抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。
阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。
分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。
345678910111314151617181920222324252627282930312020-02-09XX届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]专题17 阅读理解之主旨大意题【备考策略】这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
常见的设题方式有：(1) which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?(2) what is the writer trying to tell us?(3) which of the following is the best title for the passage?(4) the purpose of the passage is.(5) the main (general) idea of the passage is.(6) the passage is mainly about.(7) what is mainly discussed in the passage?这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。
找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
主题句在整个语段中起着通领全段的作用，其它句子都是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的，其位置一般位于段首，也见于段尾或段中。
另外在许多文段中，设有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。
但必须注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
这就需要进一步加工概括了。
〖第一招〗在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。
因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法。
浏览时，一般不需逐句浏览，只需选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句。
重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后，此类文章往往以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点，或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点，以此归纳文章的主旨大意，所以有时要找出这样的信息，从中提炼标题或归纳大意。
〖第二招〗抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。
在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排，理解文章的重点，考虑文章中材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心来安排的。