昆明理工大学考研真题_211翻译硕士英语2017年
2017年考研英语真题及解析
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word (s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding “yes!”1helping you feel close and 2to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a 3of health benefits to your body and mind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you 4getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5over 400health adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6the participants’susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8with a cold,and the researchers 9that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10about 32percent of that beneficial effect.11among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12.“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13risk for colds that’s usually 14with stress,”notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 15the feeling that others are there to help 16difficulty.”Some experts 17the stress-reducing ,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin,often called “the bonding hormone”18it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mother and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into thebloodstream.But some of it 19in the brain,where it 20mood,behavior and physiology.1.[A]Unlike [B]Besides[C]Throughout [D]Despite 2.[A]equal [B]restricted [C]connected [D]inferior 3.[A]host [B]view [C]lesson [D]choice 4.[A]recall[B]forget [C]avoid [D]keep 5.[A]collecting [B]affecting [C]guiding [D]involving 6.[A]on [B]in [C]at [D]of 7.[A]devoted [B]exposed [C]lost [D]attracted 8.[A]across [B]along [C]down [D]out 9.[A]imagined[B]denied[C]doubted[D]calculated供学习参考Q10.[A]served [B]explained [C]restored [D]required 11.[A]Thus [B]Still [C]Rather [D]Even 12.[A]defeats [B]symptoms [C]errors [D]tests 13.[A]highlighted [B]minimized [C]controlled [D]increased 14.[A]associated [B]equipped [C]presented [D]compared 15.[A]assess [B]moderate [C]generate [D]record 16.[A]in the face of [B]in the form of [C]in the way of [D]in the name of 17.[A]attribute [B]commit [C]transfer [D]return 18.[A]unless [B]because [C]though [D]until 19.[A]emerges [B]vanishes [C]remains [D]decreases 20.[A]experiences [B]combines[C]justifies[D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text 1First two hours ,now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight ,at least at some major U.S.airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of why.But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process.And it should:Wasted time is a drag on Americans’economic and private lives,not to mention infuriating.Last year,the Transportation Security Administration (TSA)found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then,combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago’s O’Hare International.It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel,so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line.Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.Another factor may be that more供学习参考Qpeople are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire:Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA.Passengers who pass a background check areeligible to use expedited screening lanes.This allows the TSA to focus on travellers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved.The TSA wants to enroll 25million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that,and one big reason is sticker shock.Passengers must pay $85every five years to process their background checks.Since the beginning,this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw.Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.But Congress should look into doing so directly,by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.It is long past time to make the program work.21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804is mentioned to [A]stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[B]explain Americans’tolerance of current security checks.[C]highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.[D]emphasis the importance of privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?[A]New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B]The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C]An increase in the number of travelers.[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word “expedited”(Line 4,Para.5)is closest in meaning to [A]quieter.[B]faster.[C]wider.[D]cheaper.24.One problem with the PreCheck program is [A]A dramatic reduction of its scale.[B]Its wrongly-directed implementation.[C]The government’s reluctance to back it.供学习参考Q[D]An unreasonable price for enrollment.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Getting Stuck in Security Lines [B]PreCheck—a Belated Solution [C]Less Screening for More Safety [D]Underused PreCheck Lanes Text 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii’s last reigning monarch,in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society.Sadly,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT),a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity’s view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT’s planned location on Mauna Kea,a dormant volcanoworshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko,that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world’s most powerful telescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea’s peak rises above the bulk of our planet’s dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island’s inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past;it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn ofcivilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned供学习参考Qto a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26.Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1indicates [A]its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B]the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D]her appreciation of star watchers’feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to [A]its geographical features [B]its protective surroundings.[C]its religious implications.[D]its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A]it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B]it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C]their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D]they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5that progress in today’s astronomy [A]is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B]helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C]may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D]will eventually soften Hawaiians’hostility.30.The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of [A]severe criticism.[B]passive acceptance.[C]slight hesitancy.[D]full approval.Text 3Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.供学习参考QThe question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do.By most recent measures,the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so well,then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDP,over 40different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes .Yes ,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008global crash ,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education ,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn’t the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society,income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.So,what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes –all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31.Robert F.Kennedy is cited because he [A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness .[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .[D]had a low opinion of GDP .32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2that [A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.供学习参考Q[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?[A]It is sponsored by 163countries .[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[C]Its criteria are questionable .[D]Its results are enlightening .34.In the last two paragraphs,the author suggests that [A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being,a UK Lesson [B]GDP Figures ,a Window on Global Economic Health [C]Rebort F.Kennedy ,a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit,the UK’s Gateway to Well-being Text 4In a rare unanimous ruling,the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor,Robert McDonnell.But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct,which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr.McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials,unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials,is not corruption,the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is“distasteful”and “nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws,proof must be made of concrete benefits,such as approval of a contract or regulation.Simply arranging a meeting,making a phone call,or hosting an event is not an “official act”.The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal.Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.”The basic compact underlyingrepresentative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,”assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”供学习参考QBut the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives,not the courts,to ensure equality of access to government.Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because anindividual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift.This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency,such as records of official meetings,rules on lobbying,and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption.But it is not always corruption.Rather officials must avoid double standards,or different types of access for average people and the wealthy.If connections can be bought,a basic premise of democratic society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined.Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36.The underlined sentence (Para.1)most probably shows that the court[A]avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B]made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C]was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D]refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37.According to Paragraph 4,an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A]leaking secrets intentionally.[B]sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C]concrete returns for gift-givers.[D]breaking contracts officially.38.The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are [A]justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B]qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C]allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D]exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39.Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to [A]awaken the conscience of officials.[B]guarantee fair play in official access.[C]allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D]inspire hopes in average people.供学习参考Q40.The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is [A]sarcastic.[B]tolerant.[C]skeptical.[D]supportive Part B Directions:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For Questions 41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box.Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)[A]The first published sketch,“A Dinner at Poplar Walk”brought tears to Dickens’s eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine.From then on his sketches,which appeared under the pen name “Boz”in The Evening Chronicle,earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers,as it is generally known today,secured Dickens’s fame.There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars,and the plump,spectacled hero,Samuel Pickwick,became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared,a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments,as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour,who had originated the idea for the story.Withcharacteristic confidence,Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour’s pictures illustrate his own story instead.After the first installment,Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.Seymour made the change,went into his backyard,and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide.Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist.The comic novel,The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club,appeared serially in 1836and 1837,and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and,to many people,the greatest English novelist of the 19th century.A moralist,satirist,and social reformer.Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father’s release from prison,Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices.He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament.At the same time,Dickens,who had a reporter’s eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd,submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.供学习参考Q[F]Dickens was born in Portsmouth,on England’s southern coast.His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office –a respectable position,but with little social status.His paternal grandparents,a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status,having been servants,and Dickens later concealed their background.Dickens’s mothersupposedly came from a more respectable family.Yet two years before Dickens’s birth,his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to Europe,never to return.The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse,a shoe-polish factory,where the other working boys mocked him as “the young gentleman.”His father was then imprisoned for debt.The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife,although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G]After Pickwick,Dickens plunged into a bleaker world.In Oliver Twist,he traces an orphan’s progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London.Nicholas Nickleby,his next novel,combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick.The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens’as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D →41.→42.→43.→44.→B →45.Part C Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)The growth of the use of English as the world’s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international,economic,technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market,and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures.Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol.(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations.Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the供学习参考Qprimary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves,such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages,such as Spanish,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese,French and German,spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK’s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly ₤1.3billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to ₤10billion a year more.As the international education market expands,the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue,especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50)It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English,a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.That is a necessary and practical approach.In this as in much else,those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions ：You are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australian professor,recommending some tourist attractions in your city.Please give reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions ：Write an essay of 160-200words based on the following pictures.In your essay,you should1)describe the pictures briefly,2)interpret the meaning ,and3)give your comments.供学习参考QYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)Q考参习学供2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解Section I Use of English1、【答案】[B]Besides【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。
昆明理工大学211翻译硕士英语2015-2019年考研专业课真题试卷
and D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence. Write the appropriate
letter on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. Because the cost of living in the United States is very high, ________ students should be
昆明理工大学2019年考研专业课初试真题
昆明理工大学 2019 年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A 卷)
考试科目代码：211
考试科目名称 ：翻译图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，
做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2． 评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
comfortably established there, he wrote War and Peace.
A. ensconced
B. circumscribed
C. avowed
D. coerced
7. He entered the United States in 1988 as a ________ resident because of his marriage to a U.S. citizen.
A. distracted
B. detracted
C. contracted
D. subtracted
3. ________ should we seek temporary economic development at the expense of the environment and
2017考研英语一翻译真题解析.doc
2017考研英语一翻译真题解析.doc Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional languagecapabilities.David Graddol concludes that moonlit English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that, (48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish , Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related exploresearn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage. The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.【答案】(46)翻译：但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐渐失去其全球主导地位。
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题和答案
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1。
（10 points）People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different，with academics，writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers。
Some imagine that the coming work—free world will be defined by 2 。
A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed。
6 ，today’s unemployed don’t see m to be having a great time。
One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental—health problems，and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle—aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease。
2017年全国 硕士 研究生招生考试 英语二真题和答案
绝密★启用前2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试统一考试英语（二）（科目代码：204）考生注意事项1.考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。
（1）考生在考试开考后15分钟后不得入场。
（2）交卷出场时间不得早于考试结束前30分钟。
（3）交卷结束后，不得再进考场续考，也不得在考场附近逗留或交谈。
2.答题前，应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”、“考生编号等信息。
3.答案必须按要求填涂或写在指定的答题卡上。
（1）填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成。
如要改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。
（2）书写部分必须用（蓝）黑色字迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答。
字迹要清楚。
4.考试结束后，将答题卡装入原试卷袋中，试卷交给监考人员。
Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered black and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work,and today is no different, with academics,writers,and activists once again1that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by2:A few wealthy people will own all the capital,and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive3holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort,one4by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives5,people will simply become lazy and depressed.6,today's unemployed don't seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that20percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression,double the rate for7Americans.Also,some research suggests that the8for rising rates of mortality,mental-health problems,and addiction9poorly-educated,middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs.Another study shows that people are often happier at work than in their free time.Perhaps this is why many10the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn't11follow from findings like these that a world without work would be unease.Such visions are based on the12of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the13of work,a society designed with other ends in mind could____14strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.Today,the 15of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring,degrading,unhealthy,and a squandering of human potential,”says John Danaher,a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days,because leisure time is relatively16for most workers,people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional17of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day's work,I often feel18,”Danaher says,adding,“In a world in which I don't have to work,I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for20matters.1.A.boasting B.denying C.ensuring D.warning2.A.instability B.inequality C.unreliability D.uncertainty3.A.prediction B.guideline C.resolution D.policy4.A.divided B.characterized C.balanced D.measured5.A.wisdom B.glory C.meaning D.freedom6.A.Indeed B.instead C.Thus D.nevertheless7.A.rich B.working C.urban cated8.A.substitute B.requirement pensation D.explanation9.A.under B.beyond C.among D.alongside10.A.leave behind B.set aside C.make up D.worry about11.A.statistically B.occasionally C.economically D.necessarily12.A.chances B.benefits C.downsides D.principles13.A.height B.absence C.face D.course14.A.yield B.restore C.exclude D.disturb15.A.model B.practice C.hardship D.virtue16.A.scarce B.lengthy C.mysterious D.tricky17.A.standards B.demands C.qualities D.threats18.A.ignored B.confused C.tired D.starved19.A.into B.against C.behind D.off20.A.technological cational C.professional D.interpersonalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Every Saturday morning,at9am,more than50.000runners set off to run5km around their local park.The Park run phenomenon began with a d friends and has inspired400events in the UK and more abroad.Events are free,staffed by thousands of volunteers Runners range from four years old to grandparents,their times range from Andrew Baddelay's world record13minutes48 seconds up to an hour.Park run is succeeding where London's Olympic“Legacy is failing,Ten years ago on Monday,it was announced that the Games of the30th Olympiad would be in London.Planning documents pledged that great legacy of the Games would be to lover a nation of sport lovers away from their couches.The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise.by nearly2million in the run-up to 2012-but the general population was graving faster.Worse the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hairs of sport a week have nearly halved,Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London2012failed to“inspire a generation”The success of Park run offers answers.Park run is not a race but a time trial Your only competitor is the clock.The ethos welcomes anybody.There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders,by contrast wonted to get more people ding spot and to produce more elite athletes.The dud aim was mixed up.The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed,there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally“grassroots”concept as community sports associations.If there is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providing common goods-making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts,and encouraging the provision of all there activities in schools，But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.Instead of wordy,worthy strategies,future garments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive.Or at least not make then worse.21.According to Paragraph1,Parkrun has_________.A.created may jobsB.become an official festivalC.gained great popularityD.strengthened community ties22.The author believes that London's Olympic“Legacy”has failed to_________.A.boost population growthB.improve the city's image.C.promote sport participation.D.increase sport hours in schools.23.Parkrun is different form Olympic games in that it_________.A.does not emphasize elitismB.does not attract first-timesC.aims at discovering talentsD.focuses on mass competition24.With regard to mass sports,the author holds that government should_________.A.increase funds for sport clubsB.invest in public sports facilitiesC.supervise local sports associationsanize“grassroots”sports events25.The author's attitude to that U.K governments have done for sports is_________.A.criticalB.tolerantC.uncertainD.SympatheticText2With so much focus on Children's use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.”Tech is designed to really suck you in”,says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,”and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started20percent fewer verbal and39percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents'faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normalway before putting on blank express and not giving then any visual social feedback.The child becomes increasingly distressed as he tries to capture her mother's attention.“Parents don't have to be exquisitely present at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids'use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children.It's based on a somewhat fantasised very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to expose your child to30000words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot of using their devicess to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier which them be more available to their child the rest of the time26.According to Jenny Radesky,digital products are designed to_________.A.absorb user attentionB.increase work efficiencyC.simplify routine mattersD.better interpersonal relations27.Radesky's food-testing exercise shows that mothers'use of devices_________.A.take away babies'appetiteB.distracts children's attention.C.reduces mother-child communication.D.shows down babies'period development.28.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”to show that_________.A.it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB.parents need to respond to children's emotional needsC.verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeD.children are insensitive to changes in their parents'mood29.The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_________.A.protect kids form exposure to wild fantasiesB.teach their kids at least30000words a yearC.remain concerned about kid use of screensD.ensure constant interaction with their children30.According to Tronick,kids'use of screens may_________.A.make their parents more creativeB.give their parents more free timeC.help them with their homeworkD.help them become more attentiveText3Today,widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completelyoverlook the possibility of taking a gap year.After all,if everyone you know is going to college in the fall,it seems silly to stay back a year,doesn't it?And after going to school for12years,it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn't academic.But while this may be true,it's not a good enough reason to condemn gap years.There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated“race to the finish line,”whether that be toward graduate school,medical school or a lucrative career.But despite common misconceptions,a gap year does not impede the success of academic pursuits—in fact,it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not.Rather than pulling students back,a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence,new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most.Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment,making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests,then consider its financial impact on future academic choices.According to the National Center for Education Statistics,nearly80percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once.This isn't surprising,considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of the vast academic possibilities that await them in college.Many students find themselves listing one major on their college applications,but switching to another after taking college classes.It's not necessarily a bad thing,but depending on the school,it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game.At Boston College,for example,you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department.Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31.One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that______.A.they think it academically misleadingB.they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC.it feels strange to do differently from othersD.it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32.Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps________.A.keep students from being unrealisticB.lower risks in choosing careersC.ease freshmen's financial burdensD.relieve freshmen of pressures33.The word“acclimation”(Line8，Para.3)is closest in meaning to_______.A.adaptationB.applicationC.motivationpetition34.A gap year may save money for students by helping them________.A.avoid academic failuresB.establish long-term goalsC.switch to another collegeD.decide on the right major35.The most suitable title for this text would be___________.A.In Favor of the Gap YearB.The ABCs of the Gap YearC.The Gap Year Comes BackD.The Gap Year：A DilemmaText4Though often viewed as a problem for western states,the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars,Professor Moritz and others say.In2015,the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its$5.5billion annual budget fighting fires–nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts20years ago. In effect,fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's other work–such as forest conservation,watershed and cultural resources management,and infrastructure upkeep–that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies,such as the Department of Housing and Urban Development,are going into construction in fire-prone districts.As Moritz puts it,how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It's already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,”he says.“We need to take a magnifying glass to that.Like,‘Wait a minute, is this OK?'Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”Such a pivot would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing,conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive.Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change–how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases (including human carbon emissions)is leading to conditions that exacerbate fires.While climate is a key element,Moritz says,it shouldn't come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked,and the interactions go both ways,”he says.Failing to recognize that,he notes,leads to“an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be.Our perception of the problem and perception of what the solution is becomes.very limited.”At the same time,people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity,says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado.But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws,policies,and practices that make it as safe as possible,she says.“We've disconnected ourselves from living with fire,”Balch says.“It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire.today.”36.More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in2015they__________.A.exhausted unprecedented management effortsB.consumed a record-high percentage of budgetC.severely damaged the ecology of western statesD.caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure37.Moritz calls for the use of“a magnifying glass”to____________.A.raise more funds for fire-prone areasB.avoid the redirection of federal moneyC.find wildfire-free parts of the landscapeD.guarantee safer spending of public funds38.While admitting that climate is a key element，Moritz notes that__________.A.public debates have not settled yetB.fire-fighting conditions are improvingC.other factors should not be overlookedD.a shift in the view of fire has taken place39.The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to___________.A.discover the fundamental makeup of natureB.explore the mechanism of the human systemsC.maximize the role of landscape in human lifeD.understand the interrelations of man and nature40.Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should____________.A.do away withe to terms withC.pay a price forD.keep away fromPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain，particularly from Donald Trump.“We don't make anything anymore,”he told Fox News，while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question，manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades，and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country，factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge：instead of having too many workers，they may end up with too few.Despite trade competition and outsourcing，American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every lennials may not be that interested in taking their place，other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners，it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages.“They're harder to find and they have job offers，”says Jay Dunwell，president of Wolverine Coil Spring，a family-owned firm，“They may be cominginto the workforce]，but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing，”Mr.Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing，a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in1980，Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly200workers，fiveare retiring this year.Mr.Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program，with a starting wage of$13an hour that rises to$17after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant，young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors.It's his first week on the job.Asked about his choice of career，he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering.“I love working with tools.I love creating.”he says.But to win over these young workers，manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle：parents，who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression，telling them to avoid the lennials“remember their father and mother both were laid off.They blame it on the manufacturing recession，”says Birgit Klohs，chief executive of The Right Place，a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren't misplaced：Employment in manufacturing has fallen from17million in 1970to12million in2013.When the recovery began，worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades.Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill，”says Rob Spohr，a business professor at Montcalm Community College.“There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill.It's that gap in between，and that's where the problem is.”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing：a work/life balance.While their parents were content to work long hours，young people value flexibility.“Overtime is not attractive to this generation.They really want to live their lives，”she says.[A]says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves workingwith tools.41.Jay Deuwell[B]points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need muchskill.42.Jason Stenquist[C]points out that the US doesn’t manufacture anything anymore.43.Birgit Klohs[D]believe that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers.44.Rob Spohr[E]says that for factory owners,workers are harder to find because of stiffcompetition45.Julie Parks[F]points out that a work/life balance can attract young people intomanufacturing.[G]says that the manufactuing recession is to blame for the lay-off the youngpeople’s parents.Section III Translation46．Direction：In this section there is a text in English.Translate it into Chinese,write your translation on ANSWERSHEET.(15points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school,I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course.However,during that course I realised I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future,so I decided that it was not the right path for me.Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism,because writing was,and still is one of my favorite activities.But,to be honest,I said it,because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream--I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing.This is when I noticed the course“Fashion Media&Promotion.”Section IV WritingPart A47．Directions:Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group ofinternational students.Write a reply to1)accept the invitation,and2)introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write your address.(10points)Part B48．Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)2013-2015年我国博物馆数量和参观人数2017年管理类联考英语（二）真题答案解析Section I Use of English1.D.2.B.3.A.4.B.5.C.6.A.7.B.8.D.9.C.10.D.11.D.12.C.13.B.14.A.15.D.16.A.17.B.18.C.19.A.20.C.【参考译文】几个世纪以来人们都在预测着一个没有工作的未来世界。
昆明理工大学考研试题英语翻译基础(2015-2016年)
考试科目代码：357 考试科目名称：英语翻译基础考生答题须知1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
I. Translate the following English proper nouns, abbreviations and technical terms intoChinese. (15 scores)1. WHO2. IAEA3. ASEAN4. CD-ROM5. NATO6. General Motors Corporation7. Bell Telephone Co.8. Sears Home Service9. Proctor & Gamble Co. 10. Squibb Co. 11. Merrill Lynch Co. 12. MP313. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 14. SOHO 15. Zigzag WaveII. Translate the following Chinese proper nouns, abbreviations, and technical terms into English.(15 scores)1、气压计2、立体视角3、S形连接4、C形垫圈5、非处方药6、上海合作组织7、国务院新闻办公室8、中国科学院9、电视电话 10、巡航导弹 11、国家信访局12、中国地震局 13、欧盟 14、联合国教科文组织 15、首期上市股票III. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (60 scores)One in every five young people in this country shows signs and symptoms of a mental health problem, but too often we don’t recognize the warning signs. According to the U.S. Surgery General half of these young people will also develop a problem with drugs. Do you know what signs to look for in your children and how to help?Left untreated, mental health and addiction disorders can result in poor performance in school, behavior problems, relationship problems, or even suicide. More teenagers and young adults die from suicide than from cancer, heart disease, AIDS, birth defects, stroke, pneumonia, influenza, and chronic lung disease combined. Experts say that unfortunately, most of these young people don’t get the professional help they need before it’s too late.Substance abuse and mental health problems are each primary disorders. However, research shows that when a young person has both mental health and substance abuse problems, it’s usually the mental health disorder that develops first. Young people with mental health problems may use marijuana, other illicit drugs, or alcohol to try to treat themselves，or “self-medicate.” This can rapidly lead to drug dependence. The illicit drug or alcohol use can make mental health problems worse, or even interfere with medications prescribed to treat the mental illness. In some young people, drug abuse can create new symptoms that look like a mental health disorder, such as episodes of depression, rage or hallucinations.Parents play a critical role in helping identify and/or solve their children’s mental health and substance abuse problems. Studies show that children look to their parents as the best source of information and guidance on serious issues affecting their lives. Be alert to symptoms such as problems at school, changes in eating or sleeping habits, diminishing physical health and appearance, and the inability to handle everyday decisions and pressures.Mental health and addiction disorders are real illnesses – as real as diabetes, cancer, or heart disease. That means that people with mental health problems need treatment and other support services.VI. Translate the following Chinese into English. (60 scores)积极开展对外交往与合作，全方位外交取得重大进展，坚定地维护和发展了国家利益。
昆明理工大学211翻译硕士英语2015--2020年考研初试真题
昆明理工大学2020年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
昆明理工大学2020年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：211 考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
第 2 页共9页。
2018昆明理工大学211-翻译硕士英语A卷考研真题硕士研究生专业课考试试题
昆明理工大学2018年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：211 考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考生答题须知1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure (1x30=30 points)In this section, there are thirty incomplete sentences. For each sentence four choicess marked A, B, C and D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence. Write the appropriate letter on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Peter is one of the greatest of our public benefactors. He_____ the cathedral at Hampton.A. resurrectedB. repairedC. savedD. restored2. The last of the sunlight was shining _____ the latticed window.A. athwartB. throughC. intoD. over3. The need of college students to control their own destinies has ______ a new series of policiesfrom the administration.A. movedB. promptedC. stimulatedD. seduced4. The boy had been so mistreated that he was faced with a vast, uncomprehending ___ everyday.A. hesitationB. difficultyC. uneaseD. uncertainty5. He ______ under oath that the woman had not been at the scene of the crime.A. testedB. contestedC. protestedD. testified6. Perspective in drawing gives the ______ of depth.A. delusionB. disillusionmentC. disillusionD. illusion7. Ron thanked his ______ for helping him through a tough time.A. benefactorB. beneficiaryC. contestantD. arbitrate8. They criticized Martin Luther King for his rigid _______ on non-violence.A. postureB. stanceC. attitudeD. approach9. The budgets of several departments will require pruning. All the following can replace theunderlined part EXCEPT _______.A. trimmingB. choppingC. snippingD. mincing10. All of the women _______ at how well formed the baby was.A. acclaimedB. declaimedC. exclaimedD. proclaimed11. In Britain, the sovereign _______ but does not govern.A. reinsB. reignsC. deignsD. feigns第 1 页共9页。
考研2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
2017 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C orD on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding yes! 1to 2people youhelping you feel close anda out that hugs can bring care about, it turns3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace mighteven help you 4 getting sick this winter.5 over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie MellonIn a recent studyUniversity in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt ofhugs 6 the participants' susceptibility（敏感性） to developing the common cold after being7 to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come8 with a cold, and the researchers 9 that the stress-10aboutreducing effects of hugging32 percent of that beneficial effect.among those who got a cold, the ones who felt 11greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress, notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Huggingis amarker of intimacy and helps the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.15Some experts 17 the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to therelease of oxytocin（后叶催产素）, often called he bonding hormone 18 it promotesattachment inrelationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocinis made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released intothe bloodstream. Butsome of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1.[A]Besides [B]Unlike [C]Throughout [D]Despite2.[A]equal [B]restricted [C]connected [D]inferior3.[A]view [B]host [C]lesson [D]choice4.[A]avoid [B]forget [C]recall [D]keep5.[A]collecting [B]affecting [C]guiding [D]involving16.[A]on [B]in [C]at [D]of7.[A]devoted [B]attracted [C]lost [D]exposed8.[A]along [B]across [C]down [D]out9.[A]imagined [B]denied [C]doubted [D]calculated10.[A]served [B]restored [C]explained [D]required11.[A]Thus [B]Still [C]Rather [D]Even12.[A]defeats [B]symptoms [C]errors [D]tests13.[A]highlighted [B]increased [C]controlled [D]minimized14.[A]presented [B]equipped [C]associated [D]compared215.[A]assess[B]generate [C]moderate [D]record16. [A]in the name [B] in the form [C] in the face [D] in the wayof of of of 17.[A]attribute [B]commit [C]transfer [D]return18.[A]unless [B]because [C]though [D]until19.[A]remains [B]emerges [C]vanishes [D]decreases20.[A]experiences [B]combines [C]justifies [D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,C orD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hours — this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airportswith increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed overthe Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much ofair travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for theprocess. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, notto mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons — both fake and real — past airportsecurity nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined witha rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted inlong waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear howmuch more effective airline security has become — but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may bethat more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be awin-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible touse expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck. 3It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers 4must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, thisprice tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a morereasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most ofthe traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the programwork.21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to [A] explain American's tolerance of current security checks. [B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports. [D] emphasize the importanceof privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports? [A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA. [C] An increase in the number of travellers.[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to [A]quieter.[B] cheaper. [C] wider. [D] faster.24.One problem with the PreCheck program is [A] a dramatic reduction of itsscale.[B] its wrongly-directed implementation. [C] the government's reluctance to back it.[D] anunreasonable price for enrollment.25.Which of the following would be the best for the text? [A] Less Screeningfor More Safety[B] PreCheck – a Belated Solution [C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines [D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted overconstruction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.5At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea isalso home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation. Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding theworld. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or itsholiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past； it is aliving culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesiansto Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls todisassembleall telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where wecome from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as ifanswering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope's visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, oldones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26.Queen Liliuokalani's remark in Paragraph 1 indicates [A] her conservativeview on the historical role of astronomy. [B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society. [C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers' feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to [A] itsgeographical features.[B] its protective surroundings. [C] its religious implications. [D] its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because [A] it6may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history. [C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.7[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today's astronomy_[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world. [C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians' hostility.30.The author's attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance. [C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and miss things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western World, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so sowell, then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what itcould do to their country's economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of thepoorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvement for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDR over 40 different sets ofcriteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get amore rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but inkey indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued todecline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countrieshave seen huge improvements across measures including civil society; income equality and theenvironment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different.8So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It doesnot include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes - allthings that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.9The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymaker whorefocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures couldavoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he [A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness. [C]misinterpreted the role of GDP. [D]had a low opinion ofGDP.32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that [A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern. [B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK. [D]policymakers in the UK arepaying less attention to GDP.33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study? [A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries. [C]Its criteria are questionable. [D]Its results areenlightening.34.In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that [A]the UK is preparingfor an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline. [C]it is essential to consider factors beyondGDP. [D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35.Which of the following is the best??for the text? [A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK lesson [B]GDP figures, a Window on Global Economic Health [C] Robert F.Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK's Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding itsnose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch anda Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court's decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell's trail failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor's decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.10The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such asapproval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, orhosting an event is not an “official act.”The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problemswithout fear of prosecution of bribery. “The basic compact underlying representative government,” wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed toplay favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrityrequireswill-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings,rules onlobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of accessfor average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society – that all are equal in treatment by government- is undermined. Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36.The underlined sentence(Para.1) most probably shows that the court [A]avoided defining the extent of McDonnell's duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell. [C] was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell's ethics.37.According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] concrete returns for gift-givers. [B] sizable gains in the form of gifts. [C] leaking secrets intentionally.[D] breaking contracts officially.38.The court's ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are [A]allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues. [C] justified in addressingthe needs of their constituents. [D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.1139.Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to [A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.12[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying. [D] inspire hopes in average people.40.The author's attitude toward the court's ruling is [A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant. [C] skeptical. [D] supportive.Part B Directions:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-Gto filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]The first published sketch, A Dinner at Poplar Walk brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches ,whichappeared under the pen name Boz in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write astory in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own storyinstead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct adrawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers ofthe Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book formin 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter'seye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted shortsketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. Hispaternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having beenservants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly camefroma13more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caughtstealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickensout of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, wherethe other working boys mocked him as he young gentleman. His father was then imprisonedfor debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He couldnot confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation ofhis fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, hisnext novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D → 41. → 42. → 43. → 44. → B →45.Part C Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)ut even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face newpressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)is analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of theUnited Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future asqualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongsidethat,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement toachieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process 14outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.315billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to&10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdownin the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries islikely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent suchslippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and use of English,abasis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those whowish to influence the future must prepare for it.46、But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.(47)is analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of theUnited Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement toachieve fluency in other languages.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.(50)It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and use of English,a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very differentoperating environment.SectionIII Writing Part A51.directionYou are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australia professor,recommending some tourist attraction in your city .Please give reason for your recommendation. You should write nearly on the answer/sheet.Dot not sign your own name at the end of the email .use li minginstead Do not write the address.(10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures. In y essay. You should1)describe the pictures briefly.2)interpret the meaning,and3)give your comments.16You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points) 17。
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题及答案
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" ___1__ helping you feel close and __2___to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a ___3__ of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might evenhelp you __4___ getting sick this winter.In a recent study ___5__ over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt ofhugs ___6__ the participants' susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being___7__ to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come ___8__ with a cold, and the researchers __9___ that the stress-reducing effects of hugging ___10__ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. ___11__ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe __12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the ___13__ risk for colds that's usually__14___ with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps __15___ the feeling that others are there to help ___16__difficulty."Some experts ___17__ the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release ofoxytocin（后叶催产素）, often called"the bonding hormone" __18___ it promotes attachment inrelationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it___19__ in the brain, where it __20___ mood, behavior and physiology.1.[A]Besides [B]Unlike [C]Throughout [D]Despite2.[A]equal [B]restricted [C]connected [D]inferior3. [A]view [B]host [C]lesson [D]choice4. [A]avoid [B]forget [C]recall [D]keep5. [A]collecting [B]affecting [C]guiding [D]involving6. [A]on [B]in [C]at [D]of7. [A]devoted [B]attracted [C]lost [D]exposed8. [A]along [B]across [C]down [D]out9. [A]imagined [B]denied [C]doubted [D]calculated10. [A]served [B]restored [C]explained [D]required11. [A]Thus [B]Still [C]Rather [D]Even12. [A]defeats [B]symptoms [C]errors [D]tests13.[A]highlighted [B]increased [C]controlled [D]minimized14. [A]presented [B]equipped [C]associated [D]compared15. [A]assess [B]generate [C]moderate [D]record16. [A]in the name of [B] in the form of [C]in the face of [D] in the way of17.[A]attribute [B]commit [C]transfer [D]return18.[A]unless [B]because [C]though [D]until19.[A]remains [B]emerges [C]vanishes [D]decreases20.[A]experiences [B]combines [C]justifies [D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C orD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hours — this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airportswith increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return forincreased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed overthe Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much ofair travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for theprocess. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, notto mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) found in a secret check thatundercover investigators were able to sneak weapons — both fake and real — past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined witha rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in longwaits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear how muchmore effective airline security has become — but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airlinetravel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is thatairports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more peopleare trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlinesstrongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports orrushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be awin-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible touse expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengersmust pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, thisprice tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a morereasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to financePreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while mostof the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the programwork.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to____[A] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection.22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travellers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23. The word “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to____[A] quieter.[B] cheaper.[C] wider.[D] faster.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is____[A] a dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.[D] an unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck – a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members ofHawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests haveerupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory thatpromises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped bysome Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But MaunaKea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the PacificOcean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, whereconditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group ofHawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacredland and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness tobuild bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding theworld. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or itsholiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a livingculture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesiansto Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality thatastronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, wherewe come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. TheTMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace theircultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates____[A] her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to____[A] its geographical features.[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because____[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astrono[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of____[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything exc which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDPalready predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he wasreferring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half acentury. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter andmiss things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of theWestern World, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything wasgoing so so well, then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit, despite the warningsabout what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-beingsheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of thepoorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningfulimprovement for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDR over 40 different sets ofcriteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get amore rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistentthemes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but inkey indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued todecline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countrieshave seen huge improvements across measures including civil society; income equality andthe environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as thesole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most commonmethod for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes -all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to adecline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. Butpolicymaker who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying aboutGDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he_____[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness.[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP.[D]had a low opinion of GDP.32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that____[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?[A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries.[C]Its criteria are questionable.[D]Its results are enlightening.34. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that____[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35. Which of the following is the best??for the text?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK lesson[B]GDP figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C] Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP-being[D]Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to WellText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruptionconviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding itsnose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and aFerrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trail failed to te it must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor’s decisions on “s “unsettled” issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent topressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such asand “nasty.” But under antiapproval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, orhosting an event is not an “official act.”The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal.Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems withoutfear of prosecution of bribery. “The basic compact underlying representative government, wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not thecourts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to playfavorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual orgroup provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requireswill-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules onlobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is notalways corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of accessfor average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of- is undermined. Gooddemocratic society – that all are equal in treatment by governmentgovernment rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The underlined sentence(Para.1) most probably shows that the court____[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if itinvolves____[A] concrete returns for gift-givers.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] leaking secrets intentionally.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court’s ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are__[A] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to___[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is____[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportive.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens'seyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on hissketches ,which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to writea story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, wentinto his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book formin 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy inlaw offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerkin the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly came from amore respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation ofhis fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby,his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D → 41. → 42. → 43. → 44. → B →45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to&10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and use of English,a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.46、But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that theglobal predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challengesto UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and use of English,a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.Section III WritingPart A51.directionYou are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australiaprofessor,recommending some tourist attraction in your city .Please give reason for your recommendation.You should write nearly on the answer/sheet.Dot not sign your own name at the end of the email .use "li ming"insteadDo not write the address.(10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures. In y essay. You should1) describe the pictures briefly.2) interpret the meaning,and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
昆明理工大学2017年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)
考试科目代码：211 考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。
请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure (1x30=30 points)
In this section, there are thirty incomplete sentences. For each sentence four alternatives are given. Decide which of the alternatives A, B, C or D best completes the sentence. Write the appropriate letter on the ANSWER SHEET.
1．Prof. Ward hardly ever went to ________ the theatre.
A.neither the cinema nor
B. either the cinema nor
C. neither the cinema or
D. either the cinema or
2．Your advice would be ________ valuable to him, who is at present at his wit’s end.
A.exceedingly
B. excessively
C. extensively
D. exclusively
3．The monopoly-capitalist group ______ many smaller enterprises last year.
A.integrated
B. merged
C. combined
D. collected
4．This watch is ________ to all the other watches on the market.
A.superior
B. advantageous
C. super
D. beneficial 5．Scholars maintain that social development can easily ________ language changes.
A.bring up
B. bring about
C. bring out
D. bring
forward
6．They are a firm of good repute and have large financial ________.
A.reserves
B. savings
C. storages
D.
resources
7．The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our ________ almost two hours later.
A. designation
B. destiny
C. destination
D. dignity 8．The government is trying to do something to ________ better understanding between the two countries.
A.raise
B. promote
C. heighten
D. increase 9．Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, ________ the color of his skin.
A.with the exception of
B. in the light of
C. by virtue of
D. regardless of
10. That sound doesn’t ________ in his language, so it’s difficult for him to pronounce it.
B.happen B. occur
C. have
D. take place
11. My students found the book ________; it provided them with an abundance of
information on the subject.
C.enlightening B. confusing C. distracting
D. amusing
12. I _______ you that the goods will be delivered next week.
A. insist
B. confirm
C. assure
D. ensure
ing extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in。