英语写作专题-概要写作答案
高考英语作文真题训练50题含参考范文
高考英语写作真题训练50题含参考范文学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、概要写作1．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Hugging’s Evolutionary OriginsAfter long stretches of social isolation, many of us are longing for the warmth of a hug. Degges-White, a professor focused on social relationships, says that our need for a hug goes all the way back to the survival of our species. When we’re born, we can’t care for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive. We’re rewarded with a rush of feel-good hormones that come from a nice embrace.When we hug, our brains release the oxytocin hormone, making us feel connected. This connection and sense of community has an important evolutionary role because for humans, the security of our small groups and later communities was crucial to survival. Close contact helped build civilization. We may not know what we are getting from greeting our friends and family with a hug; we just enjoy it. It isn’t until those experiences are taken away that we feel pain and sadness. An elbow bump or air greeting are not enough. Research published in the journal Psychological Science has shown that hugging has a “stress cushioning” effect that may even protect us from chronic illness and infections.When children don’t experience healthy touch, it can impact their development. Kids who didn’t grow up being held, miss out on that sense of safety and protection. They may act out or isolate themselves from those around them. In some cases, the opposite may also be true. Some children may show too much affection, eager for any form of positive attention that they didn’t get at home.Still, to hug or not to hug? That’s the question right now. According to Degges-White, if you’re both vaccinated, go for it; research has shown that the risk of transmission is extremely low. And if you’re vaccinated but you don’t know for sure whether the person you’re hugging has also been vaccinated, it’s still most likely safe.【答案】Hugging has an evolutionary origin. First, new-borns need hugging to survive, for it makes them feel comfortable. Besides, hugging means close contact, which helped to build civilization. When people hug, they feel more bonded. Additionally, hugging helps people feel less stressed and its absence can affect kids’ development negatively. Therefore, huggingis recommended for people who are vaccinated.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。
(新高考)高三英语专题精练 概要写作 (答案)
概要写作概要写作与语篇类型一、题型特点要求考生进行概要写作的阅读材料原文词数一般为300词左右。
文章体裁可以是记叙文、说明文或者议论文。
写作要求考生在对原文阅读后根据其内容写出一篇约60词的内容概要。
概要所用语句既要用词准确，结构合理，语义连贯，不得抄写原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
二、注意事项1. 词数要限制在60词左右，上下限不得超过10个单词。
2. 要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。
3. 人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换成第三人称。
4. 写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。
三、写作步骤第一步：仔细审题速读文章，确定文章的体裁和题材、人称和时态以及写作要求等。
第二步：细读全文阅读语篇时，根据文章不同的文体可采取以下方法：初写概要时，根据文章不同的文体可采取以下方法：初写成文后，要对概要进行润色升级，使用高级词汇和高级句式代替平庸词汇和一般句式，使之锦上添花。
第五步：复查定稿写好概要后，要从语法和语义角度进行通读。
对语法错误和语义不连贯处进行修改润色。
最后规范誊写在答题卷的指定位置。
A阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus (校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won’t be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors (顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at . While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________【例文】It’s really worthwhile to pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying. Undoubtedly, students should visit their local colleges, which may be included in applications. At least, they should visit the school and figure out its real conditions in advance. For students who are short of money and time, registering for the online college fair is a good alternative to help them better understand schools.【解析】本文要求阅读短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要，即用尽可能少的词汇集中展现原材料的主要思想和观点。
高中英语概要写作练习题50题含答案解析
高中英语概要写作练习题50题含答案解析1.阅读下面的记叙文文本，概括其主要内容。
A man went on a trip. He visited many places and met many people. In the end, he returned home with wonderful memories.A. A man took a trip and had great memories.B. A man went on a business trip.C. A man visited only one place.D. A man didn't like his trip.答案解析：A。
文本主要讲述了一个男人去旅行，参观了很多地方，遇到了很多人，最后带着美好的回忆回家了。
选项B 中说男人是去出差，与文本不符；选项C 说男人只参观了一个地方，与原文“visited many places”不符；选项D 说男人不喜欢他的旅行，与原文“with wonderful memories”不符。
2.阅读下面的记叙文文本，概括其主要内容。
A girl lost her dog. She looked everywhere for it. Finally, she found it in a park.A. A girl lost her cat.B. A girl found her dog in a park.C. A girl didn't look for her dog.D. A girl's dog ran away.答案解析：B。
文本讲述了一个女孩丢了她的狗，到处寻找，最后在公园找到了它。
选项A 说女孩丢了猫，与原文不符；选项C 说女孩没有寻找她的狗，与原文不符；选项D 说女孩的狗跑了，没有体现出女孩寻找狗和最后找到狗的过程。
3.阅读下面的记叙文文本，概括其主要内容。
2022高考之概要写作习题练习(含答案)
高考之概要写作Writing 1（科技）阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Scientists have already shown that genetic engineering can rapidly spread a self-destructive genetic modification(基因改造)through a species. Researchers have been ready to test it in mosquitoes. If proved successful, the new technology might cause mosquitoes as a species to die out. A question is raised: Do humans have the right to use gene extinction(灭绝) against other species?With mosquitoes, there may seem to be enough reasons for some to say "yes". According to data from the World Health Organization, mosquitoes cause the death of at least 725,000 persons annually by spreading deadly diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever and type-B encephalitis. So many argue that we have the right to pay mosquitoes back and defend ourselves.However, a basic rule of evolution is that every existing creature has reason to exist, and is part of the Earth’s ecosystem as a whole. Ending one species might lead to chain reactions beyond the expectations of everyone. If mosquitoes die out under the genetic attack of humankind, it is possible that certain frogs, spiders, as well as birds might die out, too, because they hunt mosquitoes for food. Then species that feed on these might die out and so on up the food chain. Even with the best intentions, gene drives could potentially change the food chain and wipe out beneficial creatures alongside the "pests" being targeted when released into the environment. Besides, if people decide they have the right to end mosquitoes, they might choose to end other species they consider "harmful". Who gets to decide which species is the next to go extinct?While voting against the proposal to temporarily ban the release of genetically-driven creatures, the United Nations Conference on Bio-Diversity did require the researchers of genetically-driven mosquitoes to evaluate the possible effects of their research to avoid unnecessary harm. Gene drives are being announced as a quick fix, but we can never be too cautious about interfering(干涉)with nature._______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________【文章大意】Paragraph 1:科学家已经表明,基因工程可以在一个物种中迅速传播自我毁灭性的基因改造。
高考英语专题复习：概要写作四篇及答案
高考英语专题复习：概要写作四篇及答案一I’m about to begin my fifth season of tree planting. Each year, around this time, I have mixed feelings about the job. Never have I loved a job so much while hating it with equal measure. Before a season, after living in the coziness of my home for the winter months, I begin to romanticize and crave (渴望) the challenges of life in the bush.I mainly plant trees on the coast of British Columbia (英属哥伦比亚，加拿大西部之一省) and get paid between 25 and 45 cents a tree. The job can be profitable: It gives planters the opportunity to lead a roaming (漫游的) lifestyle, with a temporary obligation to spend a few months filling their bank accounts. But there are many challenges.In the early hours of the morning, we join our teams and travel along rough (崎岖不平的) roads deep into the woodlands. During the ride, we prepare ourselves for the difficult challenges that lay ahead.When stepping out of the trucks, often in the pouring rain, we’re faced with a steep chunk (块) of land that’s just been logged (砍伐). I step into the rain and fill my bags with hundreds of tiny trees. The conversations with my team become strategic with a few jokes to boost(改善) the mood. Seasoned tree-planters treat this more like a sport than a job, and competition fills the air.Once our bags are full, we suppress (抑制) any reluctance and charge up that hillside. We jump from log to log, and if they roll out from under our feet, we grab (抓住) onto branches –or anything within reach –and swing (摇摆) around like monkeys. We push through stinging (带刺的) bushes. We stumble (跌跌撞撞) and fall constantly, always pushing ourselves to go faster among groups of insects that we often breathe in.While tree planting, I am confronted with someone else; a self I thought I knew. It is a person I try to come to peace with on those hillsides, during those strange days of isolation (隔绝) and deep thinking.Tree planting is a laboratory of self-examination and growth. You master your mind, confronting the worst and the best in your nature, pushing yourself as hard as you can. A new version (版本) of yourself awaits at the end of the experience.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考范文I have mixed feelings about tree planting. This job can be profitable as well as challenging. When I plant trees, I’m confronted with another me. Tree planting brings self-examination and growth, and you must push yourself as hard as you can. Finally, a new version of you appears.二I was with my mom one day as we took a walk while window shopping. We both knew we wouldn’t be buying much.I remember I was looking up at the people we passed as we walked. Ladies wore five-inch heels and bright clothing. Men wore expensive scents (香水) and creams that wiped away (擦去) the wrinkles (皱纹) on their faces.An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I could deny it no longer; I was ashamed of my mother.We were in a high-class neighborhood –I knew that. We lived in a small, overpriced apartment building at the edge of our county. Mom chose to move there because she knew the schools were good. I realized for the first time that we didn’t belong there.I could see the heavy lines around mom’s eyes and mouth. She wore cheap clothes and worn-out shoes. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make ends meet, and her hair was too gray for her age.My mom is nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment, she stood out because she was just so plain. I didn’t want to be seen with her, althoughthere was no one important around to see me anyway. I felt embarrassed about being at her side.We were standing in the middle of a high-end store, and mom was holding a sweater.She said, “This will look good on you. Do you want it?”It was much too expensive, but I almost thoughtlessly answered “yes”.Then I took a closer look at the small, tired woman with a big smile and a sweater in her hands, happy to be giving me something so nice. My words died in my throat.Her clothes were worn and old because she spent her money buying me new ones. She looked so tired because she was busy working to provide for (供养) me. She didn’t wear jewelry or perfumes because she was content with spending what little money she had on me.Suddenly, mother was beautiful and extraordinarily wonderful in my eyes.I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself.“Do you want it?”my mom repeated.“No, thanks.”Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案I used to feel ashamed of my mother because she was ordinary .But I found she was wonderful because she loved me so much .She was content with spending little on herself but was willing to spend more on me .I regretted being ashamed of her and loved her .三Skateboarding has been my life since I was 8 years old. Before I knew how to stand up, I would sit on my cousin’s old board and roll down the hills of Cáceres, my hometown in Spain.When I was at university, I heard about Skate-Aid, an organization that builds skate parks for children in disadvantaged communities (群体). I’ve always wanted to make a positive impact on the world, and if there were a way to do that through skateboarding, I would be there.I got a call in early 2019 that the next project would be in Syria. I was anxious. We flew to Lebanon (黎巴嫩) and drove from Beirut to Damascus (大马士革，叙利亚首都). We stopped at checkpoints (检查站) every few minutes. I didn’t understand Arabic, and all the men I could see were armed.Our destination was Qudsaya, a city 7 kilometers west of Damascus. Damage from the war was everywhere: roads were cracked (砸开) andbuildings were covered in holes from shooting (枪击), in which birds had built nests.We were building a skate park in an area that had been largely destroyed, except for a small structure (建筑物) where a family of five was living. They’d fled their home in the north. The mother was so welcoming, bringing us tea and coffee every morning.It took 28 days to build the park. We’d get up early and spend all day working. This was going to be Syria’s first skate park, and many people wanted to help.The kids would watch us skating down the street and were so excited. When we finished the bowl (碗池), I put them on a board one by one, and they were amazed by the feeling of rolling along. One boy was a natural (天才). He had never skated before, but within a week he was already skating well.We stayed for two months. I keep in touch with the kids, and they send me videos of the tricks they’ve learned. When we left, there were 400 children going to the park every day. I’ve been to so many countries, but Syria was special. I’ll go back as soon as I can.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考范文：Skateboarding has been my life since I was a child. Though the life was not easy an safe ,I still kept on skating in the park and skated together with the children in Syria .It also brought happiness to the children there .I try my best to return t the country at times because i feel it is special ,where i can help the children there to get their laughter.四My family is still recovering from the terrible times of the past couple of years. They began when my teenaged stepson became ill. His autoimmune disease (自身免疫性疾病) led to kidney (肾) failure and an ongoing (持续的) need for treatment (治疗).As anyone who has cared for a sick child knows, the stress doesn’t go away. And there was so much stress. My husband and I were exhausted, and it was as if we forgot how to communicate –we couldn’t have a simple conversation without fighting. Our once-happy home had become tense (紧张的) and unhappy.In a rare event of communication, my stepson and I were discussing Valentine’s gifts. I recalled (回想起) that his dad gave me a kazoo (卡祖笛) for our first Valentine’s Day.My reaction to this gift was embarrassment when I, a professional saxophone (萨克斯) player, couldn’t get it to make a sound. The kazoo eventually got packed away and forgotten.But he was interested and asked to see it. After some trouble, I found it.“You couldn’t get a sound?”he asked, amazed, turning it around in his hands. “What’s so hard about it?”“I don’t know. It just never worked.”My husband grabbed (抓住) the kazoo –“It’s easy! Look, you just do this …”–and blew. Nothing happened. Surprised, he tried again. Still there was no sound.Frustrated (挫败的), he tried again, only to produce a sound like an angry bumblebee (大黄蜂) trapped in the mouth of a bear.My stepson burst into laughter.Seeing his face light up like that was wonderful. Soon, we were all laughing to the point of tears.It was as if the gloom (阴郁) had lifted, and a ray of sunshine was let in. Eyes met and souls reconnected. My stepson took a turn on the kazoo. He did no better than us. More laughing.It was the best 10 minutes of the past couple of years.The mood stayed light for the rest of the evening. Months later, we still remembered it. It didn’t solve anything. While my stepson recentlyunderwent a successful kidney transplant, his life will always have challenges.But this experience with the kazoo proved to be a turning point. It showed us that there are still things to laugh at and enjoy and that we can still connect as a family. Thanks to a simple kazoo, we remembered that we are one.1. What can we know about the author’s family from the first two paragraphs?A. They argued a lot after her stepson became ill.B. They were all optimistic about her stepson’s future.C. They didn’t have enough money to treat her stepson’s disease.D. They supported each other while taking care of her stepson.2. Why was the author embarrassed by the gift?A. She didn’t like the gift at all.B. She was not able to play it.C. She forgot where she had put it.D. She failed to get her stepson interested in it.3. What does the underlined word “lifted”probably mean?A. Deepened.B. Missed.C. Rose.D. Disappeared.4. After playing the kazoo together, the author’s family ______.A. fell in love with musicB. felt reconnected with each otherC. successfully solved the challenges they facedD. understood the meaning of gift-givingSummary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案Our once-happy home became gloomy due to my stepson’s illness. One day, we tried to get a kazoo to make a sound. This experience was a turning point for us. We enjoyed funny moments and a happy mood. It didn’t solve anything, but we learned from it that there are still things to enjoy and that we are a family.第11 页共11 页。
高中英语概要写作单选题60题(含答案)
高中英语概要写作单选题60题(含答案)1.The passage mainly tells about a famous scientist's life and achievements. Which of the following is the best summary?A.The scientist is very famous.B.The scientist had many achievements in his life.C.The passage is about a famous scientist's life and achievements.D.The scientist's life and achievements are important.答案：C。
A 选项只强调了科学家很有名，不全面；B 选项只提到了成就，没有提到生活；D 选项表述比较宽泛，不如C 选项具体准确。
本题考查对文章主旨的概括能力，要全面准确地总结文章的主要内容。
2.The biography of a great writer focuses on his early life, literary works and influence. What is the main idea of the passage?A.The writer is great.B.The writer's early life is interesting.C.The passage is about a great writer's early life, literary works and influence.D.The writer's influence is important.答案：C。
A 选项太笼统；B 选项只涉及早期生活；D 选项只强调了影响，不全面。
本题考查对人物传记类文章主旨的把握，要涵盖主要方面。
高中英语概要写作练习题50题含答案解析
高中英语概要写作练习题50题含答案解析1.阅读下面的记叙文：Tom is a kind boy. One day, he found a lost dog on the street. He took the dog home and looked after it carefully. Finally, he found the owner of the dog.Which of the following is the best summary?A. Tom is a kind boy and he likes dogs.B. Tom found a lost dog and took it home.C. Tom found a lost dog, took it home and looked after it until he found its owner.D. Tom found a dog on the street.答案解析：C。
选项A 只提到了Tom 是个善良的男孩和喜欢狗，但没有涵盖整个故事的主要内容。
选项B 只提到了找到狗并带回家，没有后续找到主人的情节。
选项D 只说了在街道上找到狗，不完整。
而选项C 完整地概括了人物Tom，事件是找到狗、带回家照顾以及找到主人。
记叙文概要写作要点是明确人物、事件和主题。
这个故事的人物是Tom，事件是找到丢失的狗、照顾狗并找到主人，主题可以理解为善良和责任感。
2.阅读下面的记叙文：Lily went to the park with her friends. They played games and had a picnic. They had a great time.Which of the following is the best summary?A. Lily went to the park.B. Lily and her friends played games in the park.C. Lily and her friends went to the park, played games and had a picnic.D. Lily had a great time in the park.答案解析：C。
高考英语写作专题复习：概要写作 练习题6篇(含答案)
高考英语写作专题复习：概要写作练习题6篇一I’ve been taking time this week to smell the roses. Literally. I bend over in my neighbors’front yard, check that nobody is watching, then bury my head in the flowers.I’ve also been walking into bakeries and walking around without buying anything.After having surgery (外科手术) on my broken nose 18 months ago, I haven’t been able to smell or taste things.This week, however, my nose is back in business.I’ve been overwhelmed by smells, and it’s given me a new way of thinking. Scent is just one of the little bits and pieces that make life enjoyable, but which we often ignore. I remember once, when my son was 5 months old, I was carrying him down the street. Wind swept through and almost tipped us over. He threw his little head back and giggled (傻笑). He’d never felt the wind on his face. When is the last time I laughed at the weather?The first time I ate bacon, I rushed home to my parents, determined that we ate this deliciousness at every meal. My father smiled and agreed.Do you recall when you learned that the voice actors of Mickey and Minnie Mouse were married in real life? Do you enjoy sleeping in new, clean bedsheets? Is there someone on the radio whose voice is as smooth as velvet (天鹅绒)?We don’t write postcards about the small things. We don’t frame them in photographs. They aren’t that great or grand, but without them, life is altogether too loud. These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive.As my sense of smell returns to me, it’s like I’m smelling things for the first time. They’re full of memories and magic. Food tastes better, and the air is indeed sweet. I know what the poets mean now. It almost makes my broken nose worthwhile. Now, I am waiting for this bandage to come off. There’s an itch (痒) I can’t reach!Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案possible versionI lost my sense of smell after surgery months ago. However, this week, my sense of smell is back along with a new way of thinking. Through recalling the bits and pieces in life and enjoying small things here and there, I realize we can’t ignore the small things –they are what makes us fully alive.二I’ve always been sorry that I don’t know more about the stars and galaxies.I was especially sorry a few weeks ago when I went out early one morning and saw a bright light in the eastern sky. It was so brilliant that I wondered if it was a UFO.I Googled it when I went back inside. It was Venus.I am envious of people who can confidently point out the Big Dipper (北斗七星) and the Little Dipper (小北斗七星). Sometimes I think I’ve found them, but then I link all the stars and wind up with something different.Someone who lives in the country where stars shine brightly in the dark showed me where the family watches the space station at night.“It starts over there,”she said, pointing to the top of a tree. “It crosses this way,”her finger drawing overhead (在空中), “and we lose sight of it over there at the top of that tree.”Maybe that’s what I need for looking at stars: a house in the country and enough space to watch the sky.I had an opportunity to learn about the stars as a kid when I went to a two-week summer space camp. We made paper planets and astronaut helmets from empty ice cream containers. My most vivid memory of space camp is the smell of mint (薄荷) chocolate chip.I’ve always wanted to learn about astronomy but somehow never have. The first obstacle is overcoming the embarrassment of checking out children’s books from the library. The second obstacle is that my poor sense of direction on land is multiplied (乘以) 500 times in space.I am finally getting serious about the stars having downloaded the SkyView Lite app. I trained it on that early morning eastern sky four days running, and it confirmed (确认) the bright light as Venus.“I’ve found Venus!”I shouted to all the sleeping neighbors.Progress is slow, but I now know the North Star is part of the Little Dipper. There’s rarely a night when I don’t look at the stars and wonder –if there’s mint chocolate chip ice cream in the freezer.Summary writing 概要写作Please write a summary of the article in about 60 words.参考答案possible versionI’ve always been regretful about my knowledge of astronomy. I have always longed to learn about it but never practiced it due to my embarrassment of going to the library to check out children’s books and my poor sense of direction. However, after downloading the SkyView Lite app, I made up my mind to take learning about stars seriously. Now I look at stars nearly every night and make slow progress.三One of my grandchildren sent a self-portrait (自画像) she created for art class. The top half of the portrait shows her hair parted in the middle with her big brown eyes peering through her glasses.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Learning sheets for Summary Writing Before class*Tips for writing a good summary1.Change the person(改变人称)bine the sentences (合并句子)e synonyms (同义词的运用)4.Change the voice (主被动语态转换)5. Change the sentence structure (句型转化)6. Summarize (概括)*Take passage A for examplePassage A阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Feeding the world’s population is a big challenge, and it is about to get bigger. Right now, a little more than 7.3 billion people share the planet. By 2050, some scientists estimate, the worl d’s population may reach 9 billion. However, the changing climate will probably make feeding this far greater number a very frightening task. That is the conclusion reached by some scientists.Just three crops—wheat, rice and corn—provide more than two-thirds of the calories that people consume. Such crops, and a small number of other important crops, come from farming regions sometimes referred to as “breadbaskets”. However, these areas often occupy a relatively small portion(部分) of the globe. Worse still, the breadbaskets are easily affected by bad weather. Events such as widespread flooding or extended heat wave can kill crops. That’s especially true if the bad weather occurs when a crop is young, fruiting or approaching harvest.Unfortunately, big crop failures in two or more breadbaskets could lead to what researchers call a “food shock”. That means an overall shortage of food would occur. Extreme food shocks used to happen every century. Or to put it another way, that’s only about once in very four generations of humans. However, according to studies, as the climate warms, high and low temperatures become more extreme, and by 2050, food shocks could occur about once every 30 years. In other words, a person born in the middle of the current century might live through two or three extreme food shocksduring their lifetime.So what can people do to help avoid food shocks? Making agriculture efficient is one choice. But one of the most effective ways to fight against food shocks might be to cut down on food waste. “If we could cut food waste in half,” said Seth Cook, a British environmental scientist, “we could feed an extra billion people.”Step1 Careful reading for the key words, phrases or sentences in each paragraph Underline or circle the key information.Para. 1: Feeding the world’s population is a big challenge, and it is about to get bigger. Right now, a little more than 7.3 billion people share the planet. By 2050, some scientists estimate, the world’s population may reach 9 billion. How ever, the changing climate will probably make feeding this far greater number a very frightening task. That is the conclusion reached by some scientists.Para. 2: Just three crops—wheat, rice and corn—provide more than two-thirds of the calories that people consume. Such crops, and a small number of other important crops, come from farming regions sometimes referred to as “breadbaskets”. However, these areas often occupy a relatively small portion(部分) of the globe. Worse still, the breadbaskets are easily affected by bad weather. Events such as widespread flooding or extended heat wave can kill crops. That’s especially true if the bad weather occurs when a crop is young, fruiting or approaching harvest.Para. 3: Unfortunately, big crop failures in two or more breadbaskets could lead to what researchers call a “food shock”. That means an overall shortage of food would occur. Extreme food shocks used to happen every century. Or to put it another way, that’s only about once in very four generations of humans. Ho wever, according to studies, as the climate warms, high and low temperatures become more extreme, and by 2050, food shocks could occur about once every 30 years. In other words, a person born in the middle of the current century might live through two or three extreme food shocks during their lifetime.Para. 4: So what can people do to help avoid food shocks? Making agriculture efficient is one choice. But one of the most effective ways to fight against food shocks might be to cut down on food waste. “If we could cut food waste in half,” said Seth Cook, a British environmental scientist, “we could feed an extra billion people.”After classPassage B阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
As is known to all, sports stars earn large amounts of money every year. LeBron James, the famous American basketball star, for instance, earns an income of more than 20 million dollars a year. Some people hold the view that these stars do not deserve the high pay that they are getting. Some even argue that sports stars do nothing to society apart from entertaining people. Their contributions to society are much less than those made by doctors, firemen, scientists, professors, etc. But I can never agree with that.While sports are for entertainment, it does not mean that they are not important to people’s life. Why do so many people go to see football matches and NBA games？It is because they enjoy the games, and they are willing to pay to watch the performances. Because of the sports stars, our life becomes more exciting. Some sports stars gain honor for their country, and their countrymen are proud of them. They contribute to the spiritual well-being of their people.What’s more, sports stars usually are at the top of level in their fields. In this world, you have to pay if you want the best. It is the same with sports. Skills in sports are like the skills in works of art. People will not say that Da Vinci’s painting Mona Lisa was bought for too much money. Most stars are skilled in their own field not only because of their talents but also because of their hard training. They have to keep performing at their peak to earn that good income.Their influence on the national economy can not be overlooked. Take NBA in America for example, the stars help to support not only the basketball industry, but also other related industries like sportswear and sports equipment. Sports stars also make constant appearance in advertisements. Since they are well known in the world, they attract many people’s attention, which often leads to an immediate boom in the sales of the products that are advertised by them.I hope one day their accomplishments will be fully recognized.。