上海市静安区2019届高三上学期(期末)一模英语试卷 含答案
静安区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟） 2018.12 考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写考试号和姓名。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a bus station. B. At a gas station.C. At a military museum.D. At a mobile phone shop.2. A.3. B. 5. C. 8. D. 11.3. A. He had difficulty going to sleep at night.B. He stayed up late watching TV series.C. He produced an attractive TV series.D. He had to buy a new sleeping pillow.4. A. The woman should clean up the closet.B. The woman has bought too many new clothes.C. The woman should put on some weight.D. The woman should buy more clothes.5. A. The sunlight will bum up the jacket.B. The beach is too cold.C. She is proud of her dark skin color.D. The sunlight is helpful to her.6. A. Many activities were arranged in the bookshop.B. Many people were listening to a writers lecture.C. The bookshop was popular because of the book resources.D. People went to the bookshop to get free books.7. A. Customers can pay cash.B. There are more varieties of goods.C. Customers can get a bargain price.D. Customers can receive the goods faster.8.A.Peter isn't in his hometown himselfB.Peter isn't their good friend.C.Peter is unlikely to appear to pick them up.D.Peter owns an empty house in his hometown.9. A.Do a part-time job on campus.B.Borrow money from the woman.C.Obtain financial assistance from school.D.Study a practical case on campus.10.A.The man had a bad time eating with his boss.B.The man had a stomachache after lunch.C.The man enjoys eating with co-workers.D.The man is particular about the food he eats.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two Passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,readthe four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.ers can choose height range.B. Users can improve their eyesight.ers can select the SPF of the cream.ers can get a full exposure to the cream.12.A.The laziness of the inventor.B.The needs of the hotels.C.The fund the inventor obtained.D.The online usage video.13.A.Inserting coins into the equipment.B.Paying cash to the inventor.C.Buying SnappyScreen card.D.Paying for the hotel room.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14.A.He got a medal for courage.B.He would become a French citizen.C.He got a position in the fire service.D.He received a large sum of money.15.A.He was playing a game.B.He was sleeping in the balcony.C.He was staying with his family.D.He was injured.16. A. The balcony was not strong enough.B. The boy's father left him alone at home.C. The house was on fire.D. Firemen broke into the house.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A.The origin of AI technology.B. The bad influences AI might bring.C. The changes AI brings to humans.D. The waterproof feature of AI technology.18.A.Too few people he has interviewed.B. The inferior AI products on the market.C. The lack of resources on AI theory.D. The lack of fund for the study.19.A.It is located in the downtown area.B. It has professional staff.C. It offers great online resource.D. It opens to general public free of charge.20.A.To prove that the applicant has legal income.B. To guarantee applicant's ability to pay overdue fine.C. To use the bank card as the membership card.D. To pay the membership fee.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherentandgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper formof the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank."I love the work and experience I've gained, but I am frustrated by the disorganized management .Also, I've been told I can't ask for more money. I can get a new job with more pay, but will(21)____________(leave)within a year hurt my professional reputation?"The answer is," it depends."When we choose to leave a new job early, it sends the message that(22)_______is terribly wrong, especially in the current economic climate(23)________ unemployment is higher and people aredying for jobs. That means you will somehow look suspicious (24)________you say about the leave. Saying the work is great but you don't like management or the pay won't go over wellwith employers. To them, it sounds a bit selfish and needy. No doubt, they(25) (question)your ability to be patient or be a good team player.Employers dislike people who are unhappy in a job after less than a year. It implies impatience and lack of appreciation for the employer. Plus, you're getting paid to do work you actually like,so they (26)_____ assume that you can't put up with a little disorganization. Andspeaking of pay,most companies work(27) ______an annual review basis,so suddenly asking for more money doesn't work for their budgets.So,what’s the solution?Focus on your desire(28) ______ (develop)professionally.“It’s a tough decision to leave thisgreat company.I love the work I am doing.However, it(29) ______ (make)clear to me that thereIs no room for me to grow my skills as a professional. My fear is if I stay, I will become(30) ______(competitive)down the line.I want to move to a company where I can take my skillsand abilities to the next level and create even more value for my employer.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can onlybeused once.Note that there is one word more than you need.Artificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory,typically used totreat burns.Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity,but all are designed to__31__at least some of the skin's basic functions,which include protecting against wetness andinfection and regulating body heat.Skin is primarily made of two layers:the uppermost layer,the epidermis,which serves as a protection against the environment;and the dermis,the layer below the epidermis.The dermisalso contains substances,which help to make the skin __32__ and maintain its biologicalfunctions.Artificial skins close wounds,which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can __33__.For example,one commonly used artificial skin,Integra.functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis toform by promoting cell growth and collagen(股原质)__34__.The Integra“dermis”is alsobiodegradable(可生物降解的).It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis.Aside from its uses in the clinical35,artificial skin may also be used to modelhuman skin for research. For example,artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing. Such testing may cause__36__pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not __37__ predictthe response of human skin. Some companies like L’óreal have already used artificial skin to testmany __38__ ingredients and products.Other research applicationsinclude how skin isaffected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transportedthrough skin.Today new technology has been developed by growing __39 __ of skin taken from thepatient or other humans. One major source is the foreskins of newborns.Such cells often do notstimulate the body's immune system-a mechanism that allows babies to develop within theirmother’s body-and hence are much less likely to be __40__ by the patient's body.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.You’ve been painting for a few years, and maybe you have even sold a painting or two. Are you ready to ___41___ the title of an amateur artist?Distinguishing green hand from professional artists is ___42___ task. It is not just a matter of your ability to create nice paintings. It’s not only about painting techniques. And for most cases, it doesn’t happen ___43___. Very few artists become overnight success without years of struggle and suffering.To turn professional, people find it critical to develop a personal style. What makes your paintings ___44___ among other paintings out there? Are your paintings standing out unmistakably directed to you as the creator? A personal style comes along with technique, painting medium, and subject and it tends to develop gradually over time. You ___45___ it through unconscious and constant exploring and self-shaping. Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium. Salvador Dali used to use many artistic media, but they all have a ___46___ Dali style. Style refers to the emotions and thoughts delivered by your paintings, which people can identify with. Their ___47___ of the painter is then a sure thing.Artists talk about their ___48___ all of the time. What gets you out of bed every morningto paint? How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting? ___49___, we all love to do what we do and we get a satisfaction out of creating. For the professional artist, it goes beyond that. Some artists wish to convey a deep message concerning life, society or even politics. Others simply seek ___50___ returns to cover kids’ tuition fees or pay family bills. Yet, all professional artists know that they have to keep working to achieve the goals.Many amateur artists passively wait for ___51___ to come. If they are not in the mood, they do not bother wasting the time. They sometimes allow themselves to be occupied by events like parties. Professionals are never easily ___52___ or torn away from their art work in progress. Focused on their work so much, some even regard spending time outside their ___53___ as crime ___54___ is their secret to high productivity.Besides, professional artists are constantly prepared to grab new ideas for the next painting, which they believe is sure to be better than the previous one. The belief that there is always room for ___55___ keeps driving them forward in the art world where many masters have come along.41. A. step beyond B. turn off C. see through D. make up42. A. rewarding B. tricky C. formal D. temporary43. A. individually B. thoroughly C. instantly D. sincerely44. A. unique B. superior C. practical D. reliable45. A. acquire B. transfer C. imitate D. analyze46. A. recent B. distinct C. modest D. logical47. A. preservation B. employment C. adaption D.recognition48. A. background B. significance C. motivation D. routine49. A. To sum up B. In contrast C. In addition D. In general50. A. academic B. global C. financial D. original51. A. inspiration B. fame C. guidance D. solution52. A. offended B. dominated C. distracted D. rewarded53. A. studio B. bedroom C. garage D. garden54. A. Reflection B. Devotion C. Creativity D. Illustration55. A. negotiation B. profit C. criticism D. improvementSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）I boarded a small plane together with my sister and 42 other passengers. While flyingover the mountains, the plane encountered violent airflow. Losing control suddenly, it hit an unknown mountain peak. The impact of the crash claimed the lives of a few passengers immediately, leaving many injured including my sister.Adding a slight chance of being found out, we waited in the open, as opposed to waiting in the plane, even though it was freezing cold. At night, we slept side by side to keep ourselves warm and melted snow into water. We knew our food couldn’t last us long, sticking to the hope that we would be rescued soon.We knew from radio that the outside world was trying to look for the missing aircraft. However, the aircraft was white and blended in with the snow, making it impossible to be seen from the sky. Later, our hope was dead when we found out via our radio that the rescue effort ended.Now climbing over the mountains ourselves to search for help seemed to be our only chance of survival. Although the crash site was an awful place, with urine（尿）everywhere and smelling of death, I still wished to stay there. But my sister would give in to her injuries soon if we were not rescued. Thus, together with two other people, Canessa and Vizintin, I decided to walk through the icy wilderness for help. Carrying some food and water, the three climbers started our journey. If we had known anything about climbing, we would have realized that we were already finished. The mountain we were about to challenge was one with slopes so steep that it would scare away a team of expert climbers. Our ignorance provided our only chance.We endured exhaustion and starvation and we had reached the top.To our horror, we found nothing. Disappointed, we were about to give up hope when I spotted a valley at the base of the mountain and again we started making our way down the mountain.Eventually, at the bottom of the mountain we were helped by a local farmer who called the police for help. I then guided the rescue team via a helicopter to the crash site. Finally, after we had endured nineteen cruel days, the world found out that there were 16 survivors who had cheated death despite the odds.56. Why did they stay outside the plane?A. Because they didn’t want to s tay with dead people inside.B. Because it’s easier to obtain melted snow for water.C. Because they hoped to be seen by the rescue people.D. Because other passengers were against staying inside.57. Why did the author leave the crash site despite his wish to stay?A. Because he could get help from two experienced climbers.B. Because his sister might die without timely medical help.C. Because the crash site was too terrible for him to stay in.D. Because he would like to be tested by the steep mountain slopes.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Rescue people didn’t notice the aircraft because of its color at the beginning.B. The public knew where the plane crashed from the radio.C. The author gave up the climb halfway due to disappointment.D. More than half of the plane passengers were finally rescued.59. The underlined sentence had cheated death despite the odds is closest in meaning to ________.A. had told lies about death in spite of realityB. had avoided death in spite of huge difficultiesC. had treated death with positive attitudeD. had almost died in spite of strange expectation(B)Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless(不锈的) Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer(温度计) FGTHO550by Rubbermaid Commercial Products4.3 out of 5 stars 2,274 customer reviewsPrice: $7.01Color: MetallicMade of wearable stainless steel, this oven thermometer is designed to endure the test of the toughest professional and home kitchens. The scale reads in both Fahrenheit and Celsius, and it features clearly marked temperature differences to aid accurate readings. Easy to install, the thermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger, so it can be suspended from an oven rail. Its self-standing design also allowsit to stand upright on a baking pan in the oven.Easy-to-Read DialThis oven thermometer measures and displays true oven temperature, helping to ensure precise results when preparing food.Durable Stainless Steel DesignWith its stainless steel construction and rock-resistant lens, this thermometerwithstandstough and repeated use. And with its long 10-year warranty, it's sure to become one of yourkitchen mainstays.About manufacturerRubbermaid Commercial Products, headquartered in Winchester, Va, is a manufacturer ofinnovative, solution-based products for commercial and institutional markets worldwide. Since1968, RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prepservices, cleaning maintenance, waste handling, material transport, and safety productsProduct details.Product details●Product Dimensions: 6.1 x45x 1.5 inches; I pound●Domestic Shipping: Item can be shipped within U.S●International Shipping: This item can be shipped to selected countries outside oftheU.S. Learn More●Amazon Best Sellers Rank:#1 in Home Kitchen>Oven Thermometersspecial offers and product promotions●pay with your credit card or your Amazon. Com Gift Card. Apply now.60. Which of the following features does the product enjoy?A It's made of quality plastic easy to be bent.B. It is assisted with electronic dial reading system.C. It could be positioned within the oven in two ways.D. It is resistant to shake and press61. Which description about the product is true?A. It provides unconditional domestic and international shopping.B. It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on AmazonC Over 3000 customers have commented on the product.D. It could be paid for only throughcredit card.62. Which of the following products is NOT likely to be manufactured by Rubbermaid Commercial Products?A. Deskside Plastic Wastebasket.B. Airtight Snack ContainerC. Full Pan CarrierD. Over-ear Bass Sound Stereo Headphones( C )Canada is a bilingual country with "co-official" languages. English and French enjoy equal status as the official languages of all federal government institutions in Canada. This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from, federal (联邦的)government institutions in either English or French. Federal government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in designated bilingual regions.Like the United States, Canada started as a colony. Beginning in the 1500s, it was part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years' War. As a result, the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers: France and England. The Constitution (宪法)Act of 1867 enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal courts. Years later, Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969, which reaffirmed the constitutional origins of its co-official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual-language status.Recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians. Among other benefits, the 1969 Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents, whether their native language was French or English. The general law also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country.The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status and use of the English and French languages within Canadian society and provides support to the development of English and French linguistic minority communities. However, the reality is that most Canadians speak English, and of course, many Canadians speak another language entirely.Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas, there are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language, so the government does not always offer services in French in those regions. Canadians use the phrase "where numbers warrant" to indicate whether a local population's language usage requires bilingual services from the federal government.While many Canadians are bilingual, they are not only speaking English or French. Statistic Canada finds that more than 200 languages that were not English or French, were reported as a language spoken by its people. About two-thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these languages also spoke either English or French.63. The acceptance of two official languages in Canada is due to ________.A. the language –using tradition caused by Canada’s colonial history.B. the convenience for business dealings by using two languages in the country.C. the welcome attitude toward immigrates from all over the world.D. the mastery of two languages of Canadians because of school education.64. In reality whether bilingual service provided by the federal government is necessary in different districts is decided by ________.A. the legal order from the federal governmentB. the popularity of the language in the worldC. the number of schools teaching the languageD. the number of local people using the language65. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. English has gained superior legal position to French because of bigger number ofusers in Canada.B. The legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969.C. Both French and English should be used on products in Canada according to federallaw.D. Canadian people speak either French or English in social communication.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The advantage of using multiple languages in CanadaB. The history and current situation of two language used in CanadaC. The disadvantaged status of the French language used in Canada.D. Canadians’ advancement in balancing two languages in business world.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentences can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Unit the 1980s, scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.If you slap(掌击) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain levelof self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.If you slap(击掌) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level bywhat they do or say in response,____67____Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals.Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behaviorof injured areas are two major signs.But huge disagreement exists. For example, scientists disagree over whether or notlobsters（龙虾）feel pain. Some researchers argue lobsters are two dissimilar to vertebrates（脊椎动物）to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations.____68_____Inresult, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boil lobstersalive or keep them on ice in some countries. Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal inSwitzerland and New Zealand. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal,many restaurants prefer more humane methods.___ 69___ To satisfy picky diners, morerestaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods. Stabbing a lobster in the head isn't a good option,as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious.Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This deviceelectrocutes( 点击) a lobster.___ 70___ The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain.In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which timepain lasts.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of thepassage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.So, when you picked up a few things in a supermarket, a guy ran his cart over your toe withno apology. By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic, with a rude handgesture or two, wasn't ita relief to get to the office?The answer is a definite yes.It is found thatmost American people today think publicrudeness is on the rise, and most see that asa"major problem." Moreover, it's getting st year, people reported encountering an average of 6.2instances per week of evil behavior.This year, the number had shot up to 10.6.The exception, it seems, is the Workshops. More than 90% of us see companies offices as . what is immune（免疫）to social bad manners. Workplaces are gettig more civil in manypeople's eyes.The reported cases of office incivility this year declined to 0.29%-markedly lowerthan cases of running into rudeness online (39%), or while driving (also39%).Of course, less-than-politedriving or letting loose with an online conduct code is, after all,unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion. However, being on one's best behavior in any professional field is generallya common-sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development.But there’s more to it. Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice. CEOS, and managers at all levels， are now keen on cooperation. They are trying to build a ‘Best Places to Work’ culture，to attract the best available talents. This emphasis on co-working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people.Nonetheless，a significant number of employees believe there＇s more to be done. Asked what changes they＇d like to see，62％ hope that＂civility training will be continued＂,looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners.第Ⅱ卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.72.您可联系校办公室了解更多信息。
2019-2020学年上海市静安区教育学院附属学校中学部高三英语一模试题及答案
2019-2020学年上海市静安区教育学院附属学校中学部高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated inLos Angeles,UniversityofSouthern Californiais in the heart of a leading city. Although LA ranks highly in The Economist’s Safe Cities Index, navigating and city calls for certain safety precautions (预防措施) along with practicing common sense.♦Mobile Safety App Powered by LiveSafeThe Mobile Safety App powered by LiveSafe, manage by the USC Department of Public Safety and the USC Department of Emergency Planning, is a free downloadable app that mobile users can use to initiate contact with emergency responders around the campus. Features include: immediate “push button” calls to DPS, easy reporting for suspicious activity or crimes in progress, and location services to notify friends of your route through campus.♦Blue Light Phone LocationsTheUniversity Parkhas multiple blue light phones that are strategically placed throughout campus. Take note of where the closest ones are on your route. They come in handy in case you lose your phone or in an emergency. These phones are directly connected to USC’s Department of Public Safety’s 24-hour communications center. Besides emergency needs, it can also be used to report suspicious activity, request for an escort (护送) if you feel unsafe and to report a crime.♦Trojans AlertTrojans Alert is an emergency notification system that allows university officials to contact you during an emergency by sending messages via text message or email. When an emergency occurs, authorized USC senders will instantly notify you with real-time updates, instructions on where to go, what to do (or what not to do), whom to contact and other important information. All members of the USC community, as well as parents and regular visitors to campus, are strongly encouraged to sign up for Trojans Alert.1. What do blue light phones do for students?A. Guide students through campus.B. Alert students to crime activities.C. Light up the way if students feel unsafe.D. Connect them with the safety department.2. How does USC send out instructions during an emergency?A. With blue light phones.B. Via text message or email.C. Through mobile safe app.D. By calling all USC members.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To encourage students to fight crime.B. To introduce USC’s safety department.C. To provide safety services for USC students.D. To inform parents of safety risks on campus.BAdvertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics(批评家)seem to hate them because they have so much money to throw around. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods is largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the incidents and disasters.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spentby advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn't forget is the “small ads.” What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” column(栏目) but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!4. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Advertisements steal money from our pocketsB. The critics get the wrong idea of advertisements.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D. Advertisements are everywhere.5. What is the attitude of the author toward advertisements?A. He appreciates the role of advertisements.B. He doubts the effect of advertisements.C. He believes what is said in advertisements.D. He complains too many advertisements in daily life.6. Which of the following is Not True?A. The personal or “agony” column makes us know more about human nature.B. The only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.C. A newspaper will cost us more if there is no advertisement on it.D. Advertisement makes our life color1 ful.7. Whicof the following shows the structure of the passage?( ①=" Paragraph" 1, ②=" paragraph" 2, ③=" paragraph" 3, ④=" paragraph" 4 ⑤=" paragraph" 5)A B.C. D.CSaroo Brierley, a 4-year-old boy, livedin ruralIndia. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up, he found himself alone. So he got on the train in front of him to search for his brother.That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage (孤儿院), where he was adopted by an Australian family and taken to Tasmania.Brierley is a famous writer now, and in his new book,A Long Way Home, he wrote he couldn’t help but wonder about his hometown back inIndia. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn’t know his town’s name, finding a small neighborhood in a vast country seemed impossible.Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program’s satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town’s central business district from a bird’s-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”—and there it was. “And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain”—and there it was. Everything matched!Standing in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing at the entrance. It took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.In an interview Brierley says, “My mother came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, my eyes filled with tears and my brain blank. I just didn’t know what to say, because I never thought seeing my motherwould ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.”8. Why did Brierley get on the train when he was a little boy?A. To go back to his home.B. To look for his brother.C. To travel toTasmania.D. To follow a stranger.9. What made it difficult for Brierley to find his hometown?A. The vast area ofIndia.B. The fact that he was nobody then.C. His not remembering the town’s name.D. The distance betweenAustraliaand his hometown.10. How did Brierley find his hometown?A. By studying digital maps.B. By analyzing old pictures.C. By travelling all aroundIndia.D. By spreading his story via his book.11. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Love for MotherB. Union with BrotherC. Memory of HometownD. Long Way back HomeDIn a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence, researchers at Ohio State University show how artificial intelligence（AI）can follow clinical trials to identify drugs for repurposing, a solution that can help advance innovative treatments.Repurposing drugs is legal and not unusual. When doctors prescribe(开处方)drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for purposes different from what is printed on the labels, the drugs are being used “off-label” Just because a drug is FDA-approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes.For example, Metformin, a drug that is FDA-approved for treating type 2 diabetes, is also used to treatPCOS(a disease of women), and other diseases. Trazodone, an anti-depressant with FDA-approval to treat depression, is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients with sleep issues.The Ohio State University research team created an AI deep learning model for predicting treatment probability with patient data including the treatment, outcomes, and potential confounders(干扰因素).Confounders are related to the exposure and outcome. For example, a connection is identified between music festivals and increases in skin rashes(红疹). Music festivals do not directly cause skin rashes. In this case, one possible confounding factor between the two may be outdoor heat, as music festivals tend to run outdoors when the temperature is high, and heat is a known cause for rashes. When working with real-world data, confounders could number in the thousands. AI deep learning is well-suited to find patterns in the complexity of potentially thousands of confounders.The researcher team used confounders including population data and co-prescribed drugs. With this proof-of-concept, now clinicians have a powerful AI tool to rapidly discover new treatments by repurposing existing medications.12. What do we know about a drug used off-label?A. It is sold without a label.B. It is available at a low price.C. Its uses extend beyond the original ones.D. Its clinical trials are rejected by doctors.13. Metformin and Trazodone are similar as both of them________.A. are used off-labelB. treat rare diseasesC. result in sleep issuesD. are medical breakthroughs14. What can be inferred about “confounders”?A. They are possible treatments.B. They are environmental factors.C. They can be easily recognized in real-world data.D. They should be taken into serious consideration.15. What is the main idea of the text?A. AI examines benefits of existing drugs.B. AI identifies off-label uses for drugs.C. AI finds new drugs for common diseases.D. AI proves the power of drug research.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市静安区2019-2020学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科教学质量(一模)监测卷(含答案)
Ⅱ. Grammar andVocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Do Avalanches HappenIf you’re ever skiing in the mountains, you’ll want to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow down a slope, such as a mountain. The amount of snow in an avalanche (21) (vary) based on many things, but it can be such a huge amount that it can bury the bottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.Avalanches (22) be caused by natural things. For example, new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers（诱发因素）can also cause avalanches. For example, snowmobiles, skiers, and explosives (23) (know) to lead to avalanches.Avalanches usually occur during the winter and spring, (24) snowfall is greatest. As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path, avalanches have destroyed forests, roads, railroads and even entire towns.Warning signs exist that allow experts to predict -- and often prevent -- avalanches from (25) (occur). When over a foot of fresh snow falls, experts know to be on the lookout for avalanches. Explosives can be used in places (26) massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don’t pose a danger to persons or property.When deadly avalanches do occur, the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. (27) it’s possible to dig out of such avalanches, not all are able to escape.If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself (28) (bury) under many feet of snow, you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down. Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out, only to find that they were upside down and digging (29) farther under the snow rather than to the top!Experts suggest that people caught in an avalanche try to dig around you (30) (create) a space for air, so you can breathe more easily. Then, do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Under the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Tready（不扩散核武器条约）, only five countries are considered to be “nuclear - weapon states.” China is one of them. This military achievement would have been 31 without the contribution of Deng Jiaxian, a leading organizer of China’s nuclear weap on programs.Deng went to the United States in 1948 for further study, and received a doctorate in physics two years later. Just nine days after graduation, the then 26-year-old returned to the newly - founded People’s Republic of China with 32 physics knowledge. He became a research fellow under the leadership of Qian Sanqiang and started his theoretical nuclear research in cooperation with Yu Min.From 1958 on, Deng spent over 20 years working 33 with a team of young scientists on the development of China’s first atomic and hydrogen bombs. Originally, they were prepared to receive training by experts from theSoviet Union. Soon after, however, the Soviet government tore up its 34 with China and removed all its experts. Deng had to lead the team of 28 members with an average age of 23 on a mission to 35 the mysterious power of atomic physics.There was ridicule（嘲笑）following the 36 of the Soviet experts that China wouldn’t be able to build an atomic bomb within 20 years. Deng said to his colleagues, “It is in the interest of the Chinese people to develop nuclear weapons. We must be willing to be unknown heroes for our lifetime. It is worth the risk of suffering, and it is worth our 37 to this cause.”As the leader of China’s atomic bomb design, Deng gave lessons himself and organized a team to translate and study the 38 foreign language materials. In the meantime, he never stopped thinking about the direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the first atomic bomb in 1964, Deng joined the research group led by Yu Min. They immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb, which was 39 in 1967. From the first atomic bomb to the first hydrogen bomb, China spent only two years and eight months on development.Deng passed away in 1986 because of cancer. In the last month of his life, the 28-year secret experience of this great scientist was 40 , and his reputation began to spread throughout China. In 1999, along with 22 other scientists, he was awarded the special prize of “Two Bombs, One Satellite Meritorious Medal” for his contribution to Chinese military science.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the Fake News Era, Building Trust with Consumers Is CrucialWith consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns, how to you convince shoppers to buy your narrative（叙述）, let alone your product?A recent report by Trust-Radius, a software review company that connects buyers and vendors（供应商）, may be able to shed some light. Among other interesting findings, it turns out that it may actually benefit brands to be painfully 41 about their products.Consumer awareness of influencer marketing tactics（策略）is increasing. 42 , according to the report, most consumers trust online peer 43 as much as recommendations from friends -- and well above company advertising message. Feedback from everyday folks, it seems, actually carries more 44 than a brand ambassador （大使）from an out-of-reach personality.Transparency（透明度）is crucial The report found that there is a large trust 45 between vendors and buyers. While vendors believe they are transparent, most buyers don’t appear to see it. During the sales process, for example, 85 percent of vendors -- 46 to be open about their product’s limitations during the sales process -- but only 36 percent of buyers share that same view. The reality is, consumers don’t expect any products to be 47 -- they just want to enter relationships with their eyes wide open so that they can 48 the options that are best for them. They also want brands to be more 49 . 66 percent of consumers say they will leave a company if they feel they are being treated like a number and not an individual.Along with the combination of take news, advertising fraud, and data leaks, there have been fake reviews as well. Review sites have been 50 giving preferential（优惠的）treatment to paid advertisers, and consumers are increasingly discerning（有辨别力的）, as a result. 51 , review sites are not our only source of peer reviews, with social media providing customer experiences on a second - to - second basis. When brands treat every 52 with a customer as a potential review, they’ll start paying more attention to detail, and being alert to delivering avalued and memorable experience every time. Taking feedback seriously also lets current customers feel valued and respected and makes your business seem more approachable. This helps secure 53 , and often, these customers will become brand ambassadors to their friends, family and people they meet online.The challenge for brands today is determining how to use the 54 of the consumer to their advantage. In an age of cutting - edge technology, artificial intelligence, and self-service customer care, it’s odd to acknowledge that the best way to build trust with your customers is by holding an open 55 with your customers. Being more human, transparent, and listening to what people are saying will see your company thrive in an era marked by consumer suspicion.41. A. nervous B. honest C. careful D. particular42. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. However43. A. reviews B. reactions C. experiences D. instructions44. A. weight B. risks C. warnings D. burdens45. A. relationship B. influence C. gap D. extension46. A. refuse B. hesitate C. desire D. claim47. A. advanced B. perfect C. remarkable D. unique48. A. consider B. offer C. select D. exercise49. A. efficient B. profitable C. human D. responsible50. A. associated with B. mistaken by C. praised as D. criticized for51. A. On the contrary B. In fact C. By contrast D. In a word52. A. cooperation B. complaint C. interaction D. appointment53. A. safety B. loyalty C. convenience D. employment54. A. money B. choice C. habit D. voice55. A. dialogue B. debate C. competition D. contractSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)As humanity has got richer, animal’s roles have changed. People need their services less than before. Fewer wolves and thieves meant less demand for dogs for protection; the internal combustion engine（内燃机）made horses unneeded; modern sanitation（卫生设备）kept rats in check and made cats less useful. No longer necessities, domestic animals became luxuries. Pet-keeping seems to kick in when household incomes rise above roughly $5,000. It is booming.The trend is not a new one. Archaeologists（考古学家）have found 10,000-year-old graves in which dogs and people are buried together. Some cultures -- such as in Scandinavia, where dogs have long been both working dogs and companions -- have kept pets for thousands of years. But these days the pet-keeping urge has spread even to parts of the world which have no tradition of sinking into a comfortable chair with a furry creature.The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. No longer are they food - waste - recyclers, fed with the remains that fall from their masters’ tables. Pet - food shelves are full of delicacies crafted to satisfy a range of appetites, including ice cream for dogs and foods for pets that are old, diabetic or suffer from sensitive digestion; a number of internet services offer food, tailored to the pet’s individual tastes.In the business this is called “pet humanisation” -- the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of thefamily. This is evident in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex and Spot to -- in America -- Bella, Lucy and Max. It is evident in the growing market for pet clothing, pet grooming and pet hotels.People still assume that pets must be working for humanity in some way, perhaps making people healthier or less anxious. But the evidence for that is weak. Rather, new research suggests that dogs have evolved those irresistible “puppy - dog eyes” precisely to affect human emotions. It has worked. The species that once enslaved others now works very hard to pay for the care of its pets. Sentimental（多愁善感的）Americans often refer to themselves not as cat-owners but as the cat’s“mommy” or “daddy”. South Koreans go one further, describing themselves as cat “butlers”. Watch an unlucky dog-walker trailing “his” hound（猎犬）, plastic bag in hand to pick up its mess, and you have to wonder: who’s in charge now?56.Which of the following trends is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.People’s needs for animal services are decreasing.B.Both the pet number and the pet business are growing.C.Pets are increasingly making their owners less anxious.D.Pet foods are more various and customized than before.57.Which of the following is referred to as evidence of “pet humanization?”A.The names given to pets in American families nowadays.B.Pet’s inbuilt ability to affect emotions of their owners.C.Human beings ever rising urge for pet-keeping.D.Pet’s roles as both working staff and companions.58.Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?A.Pets should be treated as equals of their human masters.B.Human beings are getting much benefit from their pets.C.Pet-keeping is still restricted within certain parts of the world.D.Some pet owners spend too much money on their pets.59.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Changing Roles of AnimalsB. The Urge for Pet-keepingC. Who Owns WhomD. Love Me, Love My Dog(B)Depression hurts, Prozac can helpDepression isn’t just feeling down. It’s a real illness with real causes. Depression can be triggered by stressful life events, like divorce or a death in the family. Or it can appear suddenly, for no apparent reason.Some people think you can just will yourself out of a depression. That’s not true. Many doctors believe that one thing that may cause depression is an imbalance of serotonin -- a chemical in your body. If this happens, you may have trouble sleeping. Feel unusually sad or irritable easily. Find it hard to concentrate. Lose your appetite. Lack energy. Or have trouble feeling pleasure. These are some of the symptoms that can point to depression -- especially if they last for more than a couple of weeks and if normal, everyday life feels like to much to handle.To help fight depression, the medicine doctors now prescribe（开处方）most often is Prozac. Prozac isn’t a “happy pill”. It’s not a tranquilizer（镇静剂）. It won’t turn you into a different person.Some people do experience mild side effects, like upset stomach, headaches, difficulty sleeping, sleepiness, anxiety and nervousness. These tend to go away within a few weeks of starting treatment, and usually aren’t serious enough to make most people stop taking it. However, if you are concerned about a side effect, or if you develop a rash（皮疹）, tell your doctor right away. And don’t forget to tell your doctor any other medicines you are taking. Some people should not take Prozac, especially people an MAO inhibitors（单胺抑制剂）.As you start feeling better, your doctor can suggest therapy or other means to help you work through your depression. Prozac has been carefully studied for nearly 10 years. But remember, Prozac is a prescription medicine, and it isn’t right for everyone. Only your doctor can decide if Prozac is right for you -- or for someone you love. Prozac has been prescribed for more than 17 million Americans. Chances are someone you know is feeling sunny again because of it.60.All the following are true EXCEPT .A.It is easy to get rid of depression through tremendous determination.B.Sleep disorder is characteristic of depression symptoms.C.Depression can be caused by combination of factors.D.Depression is a psychological state taking the form of low mood.61.What can we learn about Prozac from this piece of information?A.Prozac is a newly developed drug to treat depression.B.patients who take Prozac can experience severe side a effects.C.A medical prescription is necessary for Prozac.D.Over 17 million Americans have been cured by Prozac.62.This piece of information is most probably .A.an introduction to a scientific projectB.a part of prescription drug instructionsC.a part of a research report in a medical journalD.an advertisement of a medicine for depression(C)Learning a second language is tricky at any age (and it only gets tougher the longer you wait to open that dusty French book). Now, in a new study, scientists have pinpointed the exact age at which your chances of reading fluency in a second language seems to plummet: 10.The study, published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native - level fluency if they st art learning a second tongue after 10. But that doesn’t seem to be because language skills go downhill. “It turns out you’re still learning fast. It’s just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,” says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne, an assistant professor of psychology at Boston College.Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Children’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information. “All learning involves the brain changing,” Hartshorne says, “and children’s brains seem to be a lot more skilled at changing.”Kids may also be more willing to try new things (and to potentially look foolish in the process) than adults are. Their comparatively new grasp on their native tongue may also be advantageous. Unlike adults, who tend to default（默认）to the rules and patterns of their first language, kids may be able to approach a new one with a blank slate（石板）.These findings may seems discouraging, but it was heartening for scientists to learn that the critical period for fluent language acquisition might be longer than they previously thought. Some scientists believed that the brief window closes shortly after birth, while others stretched it only to early adolescence. Compared to those estimates, 17 or 18 -- when language learning ability starts to drop off -- seems relatively old.“People fared better when thy learned by immersion（沉浸）, rather than simply in a classroom. And moving to a place where our desired language is spoken is the best way to learn as an adult. If that’s not an option, you can mimic an immersive environment by finding ways to have conversations with native speakers in their owncommunities,” Hartshorne says. By doing so, it’s possible to become conversationally proficient -- even without the advantage of a child’s brain.63.The word “plummet” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “”.A. plungeB. riseC. endD. vary64.What can be inferred from Joshua Hartshorne’s words?A.Age 10 -18 is the best time to learn a second language.B.Children are too young to grasp a second language.municating with native speakers enables you to master all the language skills.D.Adults go beyond the critical period for learning a second language.65.What might be the reason why adults can’t reach native - level fluency in a second language.A.Adults are less influenced by their mother tonguesB.Adults are only too willing to experience something awkward in the process.C.Adults spend more time responding to new information.D.Adults prefer an immersive environment to a classroom in learning a second language.66.The passage is mainly about .A.the approaches to learning a second languageB.the best age to learn a second language.C.why kids learn a second language more easily than adultsD.whether adults can learn a second language like their younger selvesSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceSearch for a Human Face for RobotsLooking for a $130,000 payday? Geomiq, a British engineering and manufacturing firm is searching for a “kind and friendly” face to be the face of a robot once it goes into production. “This will entail（需要）the selected person’s face being reproduced on potentially thousands of versions of the robots worldwide,” Geomiq says in a blog post about the project.Robots have been at the forefront of technology for decades, and are widely considered the future of our technological advancement. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, according to some estimates, robots designed to keep the elderly company are becoming increasingly common. (67)They do things like responding to voice commands, offering proactive（积极主动的）notifications and advice and letting relatives monitor conditions at home. There is still a long way to go but new robotic products are coming into fruition all the time. Geomiq says the robot line has been in the works for five years and will result in a companion for seniors.The designer has noted in an interview with a select press pool that they can’t release too many details at this stage. (68) The designer has also stressed that unsuccessful candidates will not be contacted. Thecompany says the need for anonymity（匿名）is due to the secretive nature of the project. However, it believes the robot will soon be “readily available” to the public and hopes the campaign will create extra buzz ahead of its eventual release. “We know that this is an extremely unique request, and signing over the licenses to your face is potentially an extremely big decision,” Geomiq said.(69) The designer has said that the project has been in development for five years, and in that time frame taken on investment from some independent venture capitals as well as a top fund based in Shanghai. the company says the robots’ purpose will be to act as a “virtual friend” for elderly people and is set to go into production next year.The blog past doesn’t share age or gender parameters（参数）. (70) Candidates who make it to the next phase will get full details on the project. “The secrecy,” Geomiq says, “is due to non-disclosure agreement it’s signed with the robot’s designer and investors.”Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?In schools, time and money is at a premium （稀有而珍贵）, now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day. it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worded, because their art has given us much a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think ou talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and it truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.学而不思犹如食而不化。
2019年上海市静安区高考英语一模试卷
2019 年上海市静安区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （ 10 分）Directions ： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper ， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（ 1 分） A ． At a bus station ．B ． At a gas station ．C． At a military museum ．D ． At a mobile phone shop ．2．（ 1 分） A ． 3．B ． 5．C． 8．D ． 11．3．（ 1 分） A ． He had difficulty going to sleep at night．B ．He stayed up late watching TV series ．C．He produced an attractive TV series ．D ．He had to buy a new sleeping pillow ．4．（ 1 分） A ． The woman should clean up the closet ．B ． The woman has bought too many new clothes ．C． The woman should put on some weight ．D ． The woman should buy more clothes ．5．（ 1 分） A ． The sunlight will bum up the jacket ．B ． The beach is too cold ．C． She is proud of her dark skin color ．D ． The sunlight is helpful to her ．6．（ 1 分） A ． Many activities were arranged in the bookshop ．B ． Many people were listening to a writers lecture ．C． The bookshop was popular because of the book resources．D ． People went to the bookshop to get free books ．7．（ 1 分） A ． Customers can pay cash．B ． There are more varieties of goods ．C． Customers can get a bargain price．D ． Customers can receive the goods faster．8．（ 1 分） A ． Peter isn't in his hometown himselfB ． Peter isn't their good friend ．C． Peter is unlikely to appear to pick them up ．D ． Peter owns an empty house in his hometown ．9．（ 1 分） A ． Do a part ﹣ time job on campus ．B ． Borrow money from the woman ．C． Obtain financial assistance from school ．D ． Study a practical case on campus．10．（ 1 分） A ． The man had a bad time eating with his boss ．B ． The man had a stomachache after lunch．C． The man enjoys eating with co ﹣ workers．D ． The man is particular about the food he eats ．Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear two Passages and one longer conversation. After eachpassage or conversation， you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice ， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， readthe four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.11．（4.5 分）（1） A ．Users can choose height range．B ． Users can improve their eyesight ．C． Users can select the SPF of the cream．D ． Users can get a full exposure to the cream ．（2）A ． The laziness of the inventor ．B ． The needs of the hotels．C． The fund the inventor obtained ．（3）A ． Inserting coins into the equipment ．B ． Paying cash to the inventor ．C． Buying Snappy Screen card ．D ． Paying for the hotel room ．12．（ 4.5 分）（ 1） A． He got a medal for courage ．B ． He would become a French citizen ．C． He got a position in the fire service ．D ． He received a large sum of money ．（2）A ． He was playing a game．B ． He was sleeping in the balcony ．C． He was staying with his family．D ． He was injured ．（3）A ． The balcony was not strong enough ．B ． The boy's father left him alone at home ．C． The house was on fire．D ． Firemen broke into the house ．13．（ 6 分）（ 1） A． The origin of AI technology ．B ． The bad influences AI might bring ．C． The changes AI brings to humans ．D ． The waterproof feature of AI technology．（2）A ． Too few people he has interviewed ．B ． The inferior AI products on the market ．C． The lack of resources on AI theory ．D ． The lack of fund for the study ．（3）A ． It is located in the downtown area ．B ． It has professional staff ．C． It offers great online resource ．D ． It opens to general public free of charge ．（4）A ． To prove that the applicant has legal income ．C． To use the bank card as the membership card．D ． To pay the membership fee．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks ，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（ 10 分）"I love the work and experience I've gained ， but I am frustrated by the disorganized management．Also ， I've been told I can't ask for more money ． I can get a new job with more pay， but will （ 1）（leave）within a year hurt my professional reputation？"The answer is， " it depends．"When we choose to leave a new job early， it sends the message that（ 2）is terribly wrong ， especially in the current economic climate（3）unemployment is higher and people are dying for jobs ． That means you will somehow look suspicious（4）you say about the leave ． Saying the work is great but you don't like management or the pay won't go over well with employers ． To them， it sounds a bit selfish and needy ． No doubt ，they（ 5）（question）your ability to be patient or be a good team player．Employers dislike people who are unhappy in a job after less than a year． It implies impatience and lack of appreciation for the employer．Plus，you're getting paid to do work you actually like ，so they （ 6）assume that you can't put up with a little disorganization ． And speaking of pay ， most companies work （ 7）an annual review basis， so suddenly asking for more money doesn't work for their budgets ．So， what's the solution ？Focus on your desire （ 8）（develop）professionally．"It's a tough decision to leave this great company ． I love the work I am doing ． However ， it （ 9）（make）clear to me that there Is no room for me to grow my skills as a professional．My fear is if I stay， I will become（10）（competitive）down the line．I want to move to a company where I can take my skills and abilities to the next level and create even more value for my employer ． "Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word15．（ 10 分）A． combination B ． sheets C． flexible D ． rejected E． heal F． imitate G． chemical H ． damage I． setting J． necessarily K ． severe Artificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory，typically used to treat burns． Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity，but all are designed to（1）at least some of the skin's basic functions ， which include protecting against wetness and infection and regulating body heat ．Skin is primarily made of two layers：the uppermost layer，the epidermis，which serves as a protection against the environment ； and the dermis， the layer below the epidermis ． The dermis also contains substances， which help to make the skin （ 2）and maintain its biological functions ．Artificial skins close wounds，which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can （ 3）．For example，one commonly used artificial skin，Integra． functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen（股原质）（4）．The Integra "dermis" is also biodegradable（可生物降解的）． It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis ．Aside from its uses in the clinical（5），artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research． For example， artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing ． Such testing may cause （ 6）pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not （ 7）predict the response of human skin ． Some companies like L' óreal have already used artificial skin to test many（8）ingredients and products． Other research applications include how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin ．Today new technology has been developed by growing（9）of skin taken from the patient or other humans ． One major source is the foreskins of newborns ． Such cells often do not stimulate the body's immune system ﹣a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mother's body ﹣ and hence are much less likely to be （ 10）by the patient's body ．Ⅲ . Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections ： For each blank in the following passagesthere are four words or phrases marked A ， B， C， and D. Fill in each blank with the wordor phrase that best fits the context.16．（ 15 分） You've been painting for a few years ， and maybe you have even sold a painting or two ． Are you ready to （ 1）the title of an amateur artist ？Distinguishing green hand from professional artists is （ 2）task． It is not justa matter of your ability to create nice paintings ． It's not only about painting techniques ． Andfor most cases， it doesn't happen （3）．Very few artists become overnight success without years of struggle and suffering ．To turn professional ， people find it critical to develop a personal style．What makes your paintings（4）among other paintings out there ？ Are your paintings standing out unmistakably directed to you as the creator ？ A personal style comes along with technique ，painting medium ，and subject and it tends to develop gradually over time ．You （5）it through unconscious and constant exploring and self ﹣ shaping． Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium ． Salvador Dali used to use many artistic media ， but they all have a（ 6）Dali style ． Style refers to the emotions and thoughts delivered by your paintings ， which people can identify with． Their （ 7）of the painter is then a sure thing ．Artists talk about their （ 8）all of the time． What gets you out of bed every morning to paint ？ How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting？（ 9）， we all love to do what we do and we get a satisfaction out of creating． For the professional artist， it goes beyond that． Some artists wish to convey a deep message concerning life ， society or even politics ． Others simply seek（ 10）returns to cover kids' tuition fees or pay family bills．Yet，all professional artists know that they have to keep working to achieve the goals ．Many amateur artists passively wait for （ 11）to come ． If they are not in the mood， they do not bother wasting the time ． They sometimes allow themselves to be occupied by events like parties ． Professionals are never easily （12）or torn away from their art work in progress． Focused on their work so much ， some even regard spending time outside their（ 13）as crime （ 14）is their secret to high productivity ．painting ， which they believe is sure to be better than the previous one ． The belief that there is always room for（15）keeps driving them forward in the art world where many masters have come along．（1） A． step beyond B． turn off C． see through D． make up（2） A． rewarding B． tricky C． formal D． temporary（3） A． individually B． thoroughly C． instantly D． sincerely（4） A． unique B． superior C． practical D． reliable（5） A． acquire B． transfer C． imitate D． analyze（6） A． recent B． distinct C． modest D． logical（7） A． preservation B． employment C． adaption D． recognition（8） A． background B． significance C． motivation D． routine（9） A． To sum up B． In contrast C． In addition D． In general（10） A ． academic B． global C． financial D． original（11）A ． inspiration B． fame C． guidance D． solution（12） A ． offended B． dominated C． distracted D． rewarded（13） A ． studio B． bedroom C． garage D． garden（14） A ． Reflection B． Devotion C． Creativity D． Illustration（15） A ． negotiation B． profit C． criticism D． improvement Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ， B，C， and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（ 8 分）I boarded a small plane together with my sister and 42other passengers ． While flying over the mountains ， the plane encountered violent airflow ． Losing control suddenly ， it hit an unknown mountain peak ． The impact of the crash claimed the lives of a few passengers immediately ， leaving many injured including my sister．waiting in the plane ， even though it was freezing cold ． At night ， we slept side by side to keep ourselves warm and melted snow into water ． We knew our food couldn't last us long ，sticking to the hope that we would be rescued soon ．We knew from radio that the outside world was trying to look for the missing aircraft ． However ， the aircraft was white and blended in with the snow， making it impossible to be seen from the sky ． Later， our hope was dead when we found out via our radio that the rescue effort ended ．Now climbing over the mountains ourselves to search for help seemed to be our only chance of survival ． Although the crash site was an awful place ， with urine（尿） everywhere and smelling of death ， I still wished to stay there ． But my sister would give in to her injuries soon if we were not rescued ． Thus， together with two other people ， Canessa and Vizintin ，I decided to walk through the icy wilderness for help．Carrying some food and water，the three climbers started our journey．If we had known anything about climbing，we would have realized that we were already finished ． The mountain we were about to challenge was one with slopes so steep that it would scare away a team of expert climbers．Our ignorance provided our only chance ．We endured exhaustion and starvation and we had reached the top．To our horror ， we found nothing ． Disappointed ， we were about to give up hope when I spotted a valley at the base of the mountain and again we started making our way down the mountain．Eventually ， at the bottom of the mountain we were helped by a local farmer who called the police for help ． I then guided the rescue team via a helicopter to the crash site ． Finally ，after we had endured nineteen cruel days ， the world found out that there were 16survivors who had cheated death despite the odds．（1）Why did they stay outside the plane ？A ． Because they didn't want to stay with dead people inside ．B ． Because it's easier to obtain melted snow for water ．C． Because they hoped to be seen by the rescue people．（2）Why did the author leave the crash site despite his wish to stay ？A ． Because he could get help from two experienced climbers ．B ． Because his sister might die without timely medical help．C． Because the crash site was too terrible for him to stay in ．D ． Because he would like to be tested by the steep mountain slopes ．（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage ？A ． Rescue people didn't notice the aircraft because of its color at the beginning ．B ． The public knew where the plane crashed from the radio ．C． The author gave up the climb halfway due to disappointment ．D ． More than half of the plane passengers were finally rescued ．（4）The underlined sentence "had cheated death despite the odds "is closest in meaning to．A ． had told lies about death in spite of realityB ． had avoided death in spite of huge difficultiesC． had treated death with positive attitudeD ． had almost died in spite of strange expectation18．（6分）Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless （不锈的）Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer （温度计）FGTHO 550by Rubbermaid Commercial Products 4.3 out of 5 stars 2 ， 274 customer reviews Price：＄7.01Color ： MetallicMade of wearable stainless steel， this oven thermometer is designed to endure the test of the toughest professional and home kitchens ． The scale reads in both Fahrenheit and Celsius，and it features clearly marked temperature differences to aid accurate readings ． Easy to install ，the thermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger ， so it can be suspended from an oven rail ． Its self ﹣standing design also allows it to stand upright on a baking pan in theoven．Easy﹣ to﹣ Read DialThis oven thermometer measures and displays true oven temperature ， helping to ensure precise results when preparing food ．Durable Stainless Steel DesignWith its stainless steel construction and rock ﹣ resistant lens ，this thermometer withstands tough and repeated use． And with its long 10 ﹣ year warranty ， it's sure to become one of your kitchen mainstays ．About manufacturerRubbermaid Commercial Products ，headquartered in Winchester ，Va ，is a manufacturer of innovative ，solution ﹣ based products for commercial and institutional markets worldwide ． Since 1968， RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prep services， cleaning maintenance， waste handling ， material transport ，and safety products Product details ．Product details?Product Dimensions ： 6.1 x 45 x 1.5 inches ； I pound?Domestic Shipping ： Item can be shipped within U ． S?International Shipping ： This item can be shipped to selected countries outside of theU ．S． Learn More?Amazon Best Sellers Rank ：#1 in Home Kitchen ＞ Oven Thermometersspecial offers and product promotions? pay with your credit card or your Amazon．Com Gift Card．Apply now．（ 1）Which of the following features does the product enjoy？A It's made of quality plastic easy to be bent ．B ． It is assisted with electronic dial reading system ．C． It could be positioned within the oven in two ways．D ． It is resistant to shake and press（ 2）Which description about the product is true ？A ． It provides unconditional domestic and international shopping．B ． It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on AmazonC． Over 3000 customers have commented on the product ．D ． It could be paid for only through credit card．（3）Which of the following products is NOT likely to be manufactured by Rubbermaid Commercial Products ？A ． Deskside Plastic Wastebasket．B ． Airtight Snack ContainerC． Full Pan CarrierD ． Over ﹣ear Bass Sound Stereo Headphones19．（ 8 分）Canada is a bilingual country with "co ﹣ official" languages ． English and French enjoy equal status as the official languages of all federal government institutions in Canada．This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from，federal （联邦的）government institutions in either English or French．Federal government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in designated bilingual regions．Like the United States ， Canada started as a colony． Beginning in the 1500s ， it was part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years' War ． As a result， the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers ： France and England． The Constitution（宪法）Act of1867enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal courts． Years later， Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969 ， which reaffirmed the constitutional origins of its co﹣ official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual ﹣language status．other benefits， the 1969 Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents ， whether their native language was French or English ． The general law also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country ．The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status anduse of the English and French languages within Canadian society and provides support to the development of English and French linguistic minority communities．However，the reality is that most Canadians speak English， and of course， many Canadians speak another language entirely ．Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas，there are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language， so the government does not always offer services in French in those regions． Canadians use the phrase "where numbers warrant" to indicate whether a local population's language usage requires bilingual services from the federal government ．While many Canadians are bilingual ，they are not only speaking English or French． Statistic Canada finds that more than 200 languages that were not English or French ，were reported as a language spoken by its people． About two ﹣ thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these languages also spoke either English or French ．（ 1）The acceptance of two official languages in Canada is due to．A ． the language ﹣ using tradition caused by Canada's colonial history ．B ． the convenience for business dealings by using two languages in the country ．C． the welcome attitude toward immigrates from all over the world．D ． the mastery of two languages of Canadians because of school education ．（2） In reality whether bilingual service provided by the federal government is necessary in different districts is decided by．A ． the legal order from the federal governmentB ． the popularity of the language in the worldC． the number of schools teaching the language（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage ？A ． English has gained superior legal position to French because of bigger number of users inCanada．B ． The legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969 ．C． Both French and English should be used on products in Canada according to federal law．D ． Canadian people speak either French or English in social communication ．（4）What is the main idea of the passage？A ． The advantage of using multiple languages in CanadaB ． The history and current situation of two language used in CanadaC． The disadvantaged status of the French language used in Canada．D ． Canadians' advancement in balancing two languages in business world ．Section C Directions： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentences can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（ 8 分）A ． They are even believed to possess some level of consciousness．B． The creature instantly loses consciousness in half a second．C． Legal prohibition becomes the major consideration for restaurants when choosing a cooking method ．D． Except for moral consideration ， many chefs believe stress negatively affects the flavor of the meat．E． It's difficult to assess pain in other species because we cannot communicate as easily ．F． It beats the former method by saving chefs' effort in cleaning the creature ．Unit the 1980s ， scientists were trained to ignore animal pain ， according to the belief that theability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness． However ， today，scientists view humans as a species of animals， and largely accept that many species arecapable of some level of self ﹣ awareness． People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion ．If you slap （掌击）another person in the face， you can estimate their pain level of self﹣awareness． People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion ．If you slap（击掌）another person in the face， you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response，（ 1）Gradually ， scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non ﹣ human animals． Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs．But huge disagreement exists ． For example ， scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters（龙虾） feel pain ． Some researchers argue lobsters are two dissimilar to vertebrates （脊椎动物）to feel pain ． Nonetheless， lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response． Lobsters guard their injuries ， and learn to avoid dangerous situations ．（2）In result ， today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain ．Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain ， it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries ． Currently ， boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand ． Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal ， many restaurants prefer more humane methods．（ 3）To satisfy picky diners， more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods．Stabbing a lobster in the head isn't a goodoption ， as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious ．Currently ， the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun．This device electrocutes（点击） a lobster．（ 4）The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain． In contrast ， it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts ．IV . Summary Writing21．（ 10 分） Directions ： Read the following passage ． Summarize the main idea and the mainpoint（ s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible ．So， when you picked up a few things in a supermarket ， a guy ran his cart overyour toewith no apology ． By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic ， with a rude hand gesture or two， wasn't it a relief to get to the office ？The answer is a definite yes ． It is found that most American people today think publicrudeness is on the rise ， and most see that as a "major problem．" Moreover，it's getting第 14 页（共 42 页）behavior． This year， the number had shot up to 10.6．The exception ， it seems， is the Workshops． More than 90% of us see companies offices as． what is immune（免疫） to social bad manners． Workplaces are gettig more civil in many people's eyes． The reported cases of office incivility this year declined to 0.29%﹣markedly lower than cases of running into rudeness online（39%），or while driving（also39%）．Of course ， less﹣ than﹣ polite driving or letting loose with an online conduct code is，after all ，unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion ． However ， being on one's best behavior in any professional field is generally a common﹣sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development ．But there's more to it ． Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice ． CEOS， and managers at all levels， are now keen on cooperation ． They are trying to build a‘Best Places to Work' culture，to attract the best available talents． This emphasis on co﹣ working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people．Nonetheless，a significant number of employees believe there's more to be done ． Asked what changes they'd like to see，62% hope that"civility training will be continued"，looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners ．V. TranslationDirections ： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.22．（ 3分）您可联系校办公室了解更多信息．（contact）23．（ 4分）玛丽迫不及待地要使用刚下载的软件．（ wait ）24．（ 4分）维生素片能否替代食物为我们提供足够能量仍然未知．（ remain ）25．（ 4分）尽管不同学科教师的教学风格不尽相同，他们都密切关注学生的发展．（ vary）Ⅵ. Guided Writing26．（ 25 分） Directions ： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese ．你是刘晓，你班本学期剩余一笔总额两千元的班费（class fee）结余．目前有两个使用方案：①为教室添置一台空气净化器（air cleaner）；②为每位同学订阅一份英语周刊（ English Weekly ）．给班委会（class committee）写一封信，谈谈你的看法．信中必须包● 你赞同的方案；● 你赞同该方案的理由；● 你对于执行此方案的建议．（信中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）。
2019-2020学年静安第二中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
2019-2020学年静安第二中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOver the years, I’ve been guilty of hastily shutting the front door to many strangers when they came knocking with the intention of selling things. But earlier this year, around Easter time, a dear friend of mine had an experience that changed my mind and perception towards these “intruders”.Linda, who recently moved to a new neighbour hood, had been housebound all week suffering from a severe case of flu when, early one morning, there was the terrible knock on her front door. Peering out the window, she saw two young ladies demurely (端庄地) holding leaflets and a TV set model. She knew of a large TV set establishment nearby and assumed a message was about to be gently delivered. “This is the last thing I need today,” she muttered to herself and hesitantly opened the door.Coughing, she poked her head out and impatiently informed them she wasn’t the slightest bit interested in any TV whatsoever. Furthermore, she added, she was feeling quite unwell and abruptly shut the door. The ladies politely turned and left in silence.A few hours later, another knock. Linda glanced out the window and to her surprise, there were the same two ladies, back again. Really annoyed this time, she opened the door ready togive them a piece of her mind. Before she could speak, with concerned looks on their faces, these women handed Linda what looked to be a dish, saying, “We’re so sorry we disturbed you earlier. We thought you may like this homemade chicken soup. Hopefully it might make you feel a little better.”Linda was taken aback by this lovely gesture. Being new to the area, she didn’t know many neighbours or people who could assist her with shopping or errands (跑腿) so the gesture was all the more appreciated. She could only smile sheepishly and sincerely thanked them. With that, the ladies left.After she related this story to me, I thought about how touching this deed really was. Especially in today’s world where sadly, kindness and thoughtfulness seem so rare. I also realized that thinking about others and showing kindness is the real essence of love.1. What does the expression “give them a piece of her mind”in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Scold them severely.B. Drive them away.C. Refuse them directly.D. Speak out her idea.2. What can be learned about Linda from the passage?A. Linda always hastily shut the front door to many people.B. Linda was not a little interested in any TV whatsoever.C. Linda was very grateful to the ladies for their chicken soup.D. Linda would buy their TV set in reward for the ladies’ chicken soup.3. What’s the best title for the passage?A. A Chicken SoupB. Soup for the soulC. The Real Essence of LoveD. A Friend’s experienceBThe Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, an area of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months, they haven’t paid a cent.ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions (住宅开发项目) in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility's power grid(电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid, minus the kilowatts(千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive. For the consumer, it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.4. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now?A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.B. They want to know if they are able to pay.C. They want to see how much they have saved.D. They want to avoid being overcharged.5. What is special about the ZEH communities?A. They are built in harmony with the environment.B. They have created cutting edge technologies.C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D. They aim to be independent in power supply.6. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company?A. More pressure at peak timeB. Reduced operational costs.C. Increased electricity output.D. Less profits in the short term.7. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community __________.A. is a worthy investment in the long runB. is but a dream for average consumersC. gives the owner great tax benefitsD. contributes toenvironmental protectionCIs homeschooling good or bad? That is a question that many parents ask themselves. In my opinion, homeschooled kids can give reliable answers.Kayla Murray, who lives inGreensboroNorth Carolina, started homeschooling almost eight years ago, after attending two local schools. “Homeschooling is school at home,” like the name says, but it’s not just that/ she says. “You're able to learn more and do more.”Having experienced learning at both school and home, Kayla says that she prefers the latter. “With homeschooling, I can do schoolwork in my pajamas, and no one cares,” she says, “you also have more chances. Earlier this year, my family and I were able to take a short vacation and go to an air show. My siblings and I get to take the day off for our birthdays. This year, I spent that time reading and playing the piano and guitar.”There are, however,drawbacksof being homeschooled, Kayla says, especially “the lack of people”. While she doesn't miss homework, al school, she did enjoy getting to see my friends every day.”Matthew Dimmette, also fromGreensboro, used to be a homeschooler. He now attends public high school. He says being homeschooled is quite different from going to public school. The differences depend on how you arc homeschooled and the things you do. “For me, it wasn't really different in terms of the classes but the schoolenvironment was a big change atter hearting at home. says Matthew.Talking about his homeschooling experience, Matthew says the best part of it was being able to learn what he wanted to. Yet the main disadvantage was that he couldn't do many experiments in homeschooling unless taking classes at different places. “My interest in science has been growing quickly in recent years, so I chose to go to public school,” he says.8. What does Kayla like about learning at home?A. She can spend her time more freely.B. She can always stay with her siblings.C. She can play the instruments she likes.D. She can celebrate her birthday at home.9. What does the underlined word “drawbacks” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Concerns.B. Reasons.C. Changes.D. Problem.10. Why did Matthew choose to go to public school?A. He wanted to make more friends.B. He wanted to do experiments in labs.C. He wanted to take all kinds of classesD.He wanted to experience the school environment11. What in the authors attitude cowards homeschooling?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Uninterested.D. Unclear.DWhere doyou usually put your toothbrush?Do you keep it in the bathroom? How’s your toothbrush looking these days? Even if you can’t see it with a naked eye, experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!Dr. Charles Oerba, a germ expert, is amicrobiology professor at the University of Arizona. He says there are approximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls, and every time you flush it without closing the lid, those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path. And a common victim is your poor toothbrush, usually, left out on the bathroom sink, right?So, what do we do? Dr. Gerba says it’s easy. Close the toilet lid before you flush—that’ll greatly cut downthe germs, which will otherwise float in the air. And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it. You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it. And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.Here’s one more tip from Dr. Gerba, who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet. “If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts, he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.” He says that’s because the kitchen sink is a great place where E. coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since it’s wet and damp. Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drain or—that’s left on dishes in the sink. To reset your sink’s bacteria count back to zero, you’d better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize yoursink with special chemicals. In fact, you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.12. What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to brush your teeth.B. To tell people the importance of health.C. To warn people of the invisible germs.D. To introduce a microbiology professor.13. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places.B. Bacteria are bad for people’s health.C. Why bacteria spread through the air.D. How bacteria spread in the bathroom.14. What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The food.B. The toothbrush.C. The sink.D. The chemical.15. Why does Dr. Gerba mention the example of an alien?A. To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria.B. To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet.C. To teach us how to reset sink’s bacteria count back to zero.D. To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019届静安区高三英语一模
静安区高三英语期末练习卷2018.12I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a bus station. B. At a gas station.C. At a military museum.D. At a mobile phone shop.2. A.3. B. 5. C. 8. D. 11.3. A. He had difficulty going to sleep at night.B.He stayed up late watching TV series.C.He produced an attractive TV series.D.He had to buy a new sleeping pillow.4. A. The woman should clean up the closet.B.The woman has bought too many new clothes.C.The woman should put on some weight.D.The woman should buy more clothes.5. A. The sunlight will burn up the jacket.B.The beach is too cold.C.She is proud of her dark skin color.D.The sunlight is helpful to her.6. A. Many activities were arranged in the bookshop.B.Many people were listening to a writer’s lecture.C.The bookshop was popular because of the book resources.D.People went to the bookshop to get free books.7. A. Customers can pay cash.B.There are more varieties of goods.C.Customers can get a bargain price.D.Customers can receive the goods faster.8. A. Peter isn’t in his hometown himself.B.Peter isn’t their good friend.C.Peter is unlikely to appear to pick them up.D.Peter owns an empty house in his hometown.9. A. Do a part-time job on campus.B.Borrow money from the woman.C.Obtain financial assistance from school.D.Study a practical case on campus.10. A. The man had a bad time eating with his boss.B.The man had a stomachache after lunch.C.The man enjoys eating with co-workers.D.The man is particular about the food he eats.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Users can choose height range.ers can improve their eyesight.ers can select the SPF of the cream.ers can get a full exposure to the cream.12.A. The laziness of the inventor.B.The needs of the hotels.C.The fund the inventor obtained.D.The online usage video.13.A. Inserting coins into the equipment.B.Paying cash to the inventor.C.Buying SnappyScreen card.D.Paying for the hotel room.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. He got a medal for courage.B.He would become a French citizen.C.He got a position in the fire service.D.He received a large sum of money.15.A. He was playing a game.B. He was sleeping in the balcony.C. He was staying with his family.D. He was injured.16.A. The balcony was not strong enough.B.The boy’s father left him alone at home.C.The house was on fire.D.Firemen broke into the house.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. The origin of AI technology.B.The bad influences AI might bring.C.The changes AI brings to humans.D.The waterproof feature of AI technology.18.A. Too few people he has interviewed.B.The inferior AI products on the market.C.The lack of resources on AI theory.D.The lack of fund for the study.19. A. It is located in the downtown area.B.It has professional staff.C.It offers great online resource.D.It opens to general public free of charge.20.A. To prove that the applicant has legal income.B.To guarantee applicant’s ability to pay overdue fine.C.To use the bank card as the membership card.D.To pay the membership fee.II.Grammar andVocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank."I love the work and experience I've gained, but I am frustrated by the disorganized management. Also, I've been told I can't ask for more money. I can get a new job with more pay, but will (21)______(leave) within a year hurt my professional reputation?"The answer is, "it depends."When we choose to leave a new job early, it sends the message that (22)______ is terribly wrong, especially in the current economic climate (23)______ unemployment is higher and people are dying for jobs. That means you will somehow look suspicious (24)______ you say about the leave. Saying the work is great but you d on’t like management or the pay won't go over well with employers. To them, it sounds a bit selfish and needy. No doubt, they (25) ______(question) your ability to be patient or be a good team player.Employers dislike people who are unhappy in a job after less than a year. It implies impatience and lack of appreciation for the employer. Plus, you're getting paid to do work you actually like, so they 26 ______ assume that you can’t put u p with a little disorganization. And speaking of pay, most companies work (27)______ an annual review basis, so suddenly asking for more money doesn't work for their budgets.So, what's the solution?Focus on your desire (28)_____(develop) professionally. “It's a tough decision to leav e this great company. I love the work I am doing. However, it (29)______(make) clear to me that there is no room for me to grow my skills as a professional. My fear is if I stay, I will become (30)______(competitive) down the line. I want to move to a company where I can take my skills and abilities to the next level and create even more value for my employer.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Artificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory, typically used to treat burns.Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity, but all are designed to ___31___ at least some of the skin’s basic functions, which include protecting against wetness and infection and regulating body heat.Skin is primarily made of two layers: the uppermost layer, the epidermis, which serves as a protection against the environment; and the dermis, the layer below the epidermis. The dermis also contains substances, which help to make the skin ___32___ and maintain its biological functions.Artificial skins close wounds, which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can ___33___. For example, one commonly used artificial skin, Integra,functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen(胶原质) ___34___. The Integra “dermis” is also biodegradable( 生物降解的). It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis.Aside from its uses in the clinical ___35___, artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research. For example, artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing. Such testing may cause ___36___ pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not ___37___ predict the response of human skin. Some companies like L’Oréal have already used artificial skin to test many___38___ ingredients and products. Other research applications include how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin.Today new technology has been developed by growing ___39___of skin taken from the patient or other humans. One major source is the foreskins of newborns. Such cells often do not stimulate the body’s immune system—a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mother’s body—and hence are much less likely to be ___40___ by the patient’s bod y.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.You've been painting for a few years, and maybe you have even sold a painting or two. Are you ready to ___41___ the title of an amateur artist?Distinguishing green hand from professional artists is ___42___ task. It is not just a matter of your ability to create nice paintings. It’s n ot only about painting techniques. And for most cases,it doesn't happen ___43___. Very few artists become overnight success without years of struggle and suffering.To turn professional, people find it critical to develop a personal style. What makes your paintings ___44___ among other paintings out there? Are your paintings standing out unmistakablydirected to you as the creator? A personal style comes along with technique, painting medium, and subject and it tends to develop gradually over time. You ___45___it through unconsciousand constant exploring and self-shaping. Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium. Salvador Dali used to use many artistic media, but they all have a ___46___ Dali style. Style refers to the emotions and thoughts delivered by your paintings,which people can identify with.Their ___47___ of the painter is then a sure thing.Artists talk about their ___48___ all of the time. What gets you out of bed every morning to paint? How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting? ___49___, we alllove to do what we do and we get a satisfaction out of creating. For the professional artist, it goes beyond that. Some artists wish to convey a deep message concerning life, society or even politics. Others simply seek ___50___ returns to cover kids’ tuition fees or pay family bills.Yet, all professional artists know that they have to keep working to achieve the goals.Many amateur artists passively wait for ___51___ to come. If they are not in the mood, they do not bother wasting the time. They sometimes allow themselves to be occupied by events like parties. Professionals are never easily ___52___ or torn away from their art work in progress. Focused on their work so much, some even regard spending time outside their ___53___ as crime. ___54___ is their secret to high productivity.Besides, professional artists are constantly prepared to grab new ideas for the next painting, which they believe is sure to be better than the previous one.The belief that there is always room for ___55___keeps driving them forward in the art world where many masters have come along.41. A. step beyond B. turn off C. see through D. make up42. A. rewarding B. tricky C. formal D. temporary43. A. individually B. thoroughly C. instantly D. sincerely44. A. unique B. superior C. practical D. reliable45. A. acquire B. transfer C. imitate D. analyze46. A. recent B. distinct C. modest D. logical47. A. preservation B. employment C. adaption D. recognition48. A. background B. significance C. motivation D. routine49. A. To sum up B. In contrast C. In addition D. In general50. A. academic B. global C. financial D. original51. A. inspiration B. fame C. guidance D. solution52. A. offended B. dominated C. distracted D. rewarded53. A. studio B. bedroom C. garage D. garden54. A. Reflection B. Devotion C. Creativity D. Illustration55. A. negotiation B. profit C. criticism D. improvementSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I boarded a small plane together with my sister and 42 other passengers. While flying overthe mountains, the plane encountered violent airflow. Losing control suddenly, it hit an unknown mountain peak. The impact of the crash claimed the lives of a few passengers immediately, leaving many injured including my sister.Adding a slight chance of being found out, we waited in the open, as opposed to waiting in the plane, even though it was freezing cold. At night, we slept side by side to keep ourselves warm and melted snow into water.We knew our food couldn’t last us long, sticking to the hope that we would be rescued soon.We knew from radio that the outside world was trying to look for the missing aircraft. However, the aircraft was white and blended in with the snow, making it impossible to be seen from the sky. Later, our hope was dead when we found out via our radio that the rescue effort ended.Now climbing over the mountains ourselves to search for help seemed to be our only chance of survival. Although the crash site was an awful place, with urine(尿) everywhere and smelling of death, I still wished to stay there. But my sister would give in to her injuries soon if we were not rescued. Thus, together with two other people, Canessa and Vizintin, I decided to walk through the icy wilderness for help. Carrying some food and water, the three climbers started our journey. If we had known anything about climbing, we would have realized that we were already finished. The mountain we were about to challenge was one with slopes so steep that it would scare away a team of expert climbers. Our ignorance provided our only chance.We endured exhaustion and starvation and we had reached the top.To our horror, we found nothing. Disappointed, we were about to give up hope when I spotted a valley at the base of the mountain and again we started making our way down the mountain.Eventually, at the bottom of the mountain we were helped by a local farmer who called the police for help. I then guided the rescue team via a helicopter to the crash site. Finally, after we had endured nineteen cruel days, the world found out that there were 16 survivors who had cheated death despite the odds.56.Why did they stay outside the plane?A.Because they didn’t want to stay with dead people inside.B.Because it’s easier to obtain melted snow for water.C.Because they hoped to be seen by the rescue people.D.Because other passengers were against staying inside.57.Why did the author leave the crash site despite his wish to stay?A.Because he could get help from two experienced climbers.B.Because his sister might die without timely medical help.C.Because the crash site was too terrible for him to stay in.D. Because he would like to be tested by the steep mountain slopes.58.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Rescue people didn’t notice the aircraft because of its color at the beginning.B.The public knew where the plane crashed from the radio.C.The author gave up the climb halfway due to disappointment.D.More than half of the plane passengers were finally rescued.59.The underlined sentence had cheated death despite the odds is closest in meaning to ______.A.had told lies about death in spite of realityB.had avoided death in spite of huge difficultiesC.had treated death with positive attitudeD.had almost died in spite of strange expectation(B)Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless不锈的Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer温度 FGTHO550by Rubbermaid Commercial Products4.3 OUT OF5STARS 2,274 customer reviewsPrice: $7.01Color: MetallicMade of wearable stainless steel, this oven th ermometer isdesigned to endure the test of the toughest professional andhome kitchens. The scale reads in both Fahrenheit andCelsius, and it features clearly marked temperaturedifferences to aid accurate readings. Easy to install, thethermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger, so itcan be suspended from an oven r ail. Its self-standing designalso allows it to stand upright on a baking pan in the oven.Easy-to-Read DialThis oven thermometer measures and displays true oven temperature, helping to ensure precise results when preparing food.Durable Stainless Steel DesignWith its stainless steel construction and rock-resistant lens, this thermometer withstands tough and repeated use. And with its long 10-year warranty, it’s s ure to become one of your kitchen mainstays.About manufacturerRubbermaid Commercial Products, headquartered in Winchester, Va., is a manufacturer of innovative, solution-based products for commercial and institutional markets worldwide.Since 1968, RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prep services, cleaning maintenance, waste handling, material transport, and safety products.Product details•Product Dimensions: 6.1 x 4.5 x 1.5 inches ; 1 pound•Domestic Shipping: Item can be shipped within U.S.International Shipping: This item can be shipped to selectedcountries outside of the U.S. Learn More•Amazon Best Sellers Rank:#1 in Home & Kitchen > Oven ThermometersSpecial offers and product promotionsPay with your credit card or your Gift Card. Apply now60.Which of the following features does the product enjoy?A.It’s made of quality plastic easy to be bent.B.It is assisted with electronic dial reading system.C.It could be positioned within the oven in two ways.D.It is resistant to shake and pressure.61.Which description about the product is TRUE?A.It provides unconditional domestic and international shipping.B.It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on Amazon.C.Over 3000 customers have commented on the product.D.It could be paid for only through credit card.62.Which of the following products is NOT likely to be manufactured by RubbermaidCommercial Products?A.Deskside Plastic Wastebasket.B.Airtight Snack Container.C.Full Pan Carrier.D.Over-ear Bass Sound Stereo Headphones.(C)Canada is a bilingual country with "co-official" languages. English and French enjoy equal status as the official languages of the country. This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from federal(联邦的) government institutions in either English or French. Federal government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in bilingual regions.Like the United States, Canada started as a colony. Beginning in the 1500s, it was part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years' War. As a result, the Canadian government officially recognized the languages of both colonizers: France and England. The Constitution(宪法) Act of 1867 legally accepts the use of both languages in federal courts. Years later, Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969, which restated the constitutional origins of its co-official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual-language status.Recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians. Among other benefits, the 1969 Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents, whether their native language was French or English. The general law also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country.The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status and use of the English and French languages. within Canadian society. However, the reality is that some Canadians speak English, and of course, some Canadians speak the other language entirely.Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas, there are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language, so the local government does not always seek services in French in those regions. Canadians use the phrase "where numbers warrant" to determine whether a local population's language usage requires bilingual services from the federal government.While many Canadians are bilingual, they are not only speaking English or French. Statistics Canada finds that more than 200 languages that were not English or French, were reported as a language spoken by its people. About two-thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these languages also spoke either English or French.63.The acceptance of two official languages in Canada is due to ______.A.the language-using tradition caused by Canada’s colonial historyB.the convenience for business dealings by using two languages in the countryC. the welcome attitude toward immigrates from all over the worldD. the mastery of two languages of Canadians because of school education64.In reality whether bilingual service provided by the federal government is necessary in different districts is decided by ______.A.the legal order from the federal governmentB.the popularity of the language in the worldC.the number of schools teaching the languageD.the number of local people using the language65.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.English has gained superior legal position to French because of bigger number of users in Canada.B.The legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969.C.Both French and English should be used on products in Canada according to federal law.D.Canadian people speak either French or English in social communication.66.What is the main idea of the passage?A.The advantages of using multiple languages in Canada.B.The history and current situation of two languages used in Canada.C.The disadvantaged status of the French language used in CanadaD.Canadians’ advancement in balancing two languages in business world.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.They are even believed to possess some level of consciousness.B.The creature instantly loses consciousness in half a second.C.Legal prohibition becomes the major consideration for restaurants when choosing a cooking method.D.Except for moral consideration, many chefs believe stress negatively affects the flavor of the meat.E.It's difficult to assess pain in other species because we cannot communicate as easily.F.It beats the former method by saving chefs’ efforts in cleaning the creature.Until the 1980s, scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animal, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of11emotion.If you slap(掌 ) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response. ___67___ Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of painresponse in non-human animals. Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.But huge disagreement exists. For example, scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters(龙虾) feel pain. Some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates(脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobstersguard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations. ___68___ In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries. Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal, many restaurants prefer more humane methods. ___69___ To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods. Stabbing a lobster in the head isn't a good option, as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious.Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes(电 ) a lobster. ___70___ The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain. In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.So, when you picked up a few things in a supermarket, a guy ran his cart over your toe with no apology. By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic, with a rude hand gesture or two, wasn't it a relief to get to the office?The answer is a definite yes. It is found that most American people today think public rudeness is on the rise, and most see that as a "major problem." Moreover, it's getting worse. Last year, people reported encountering an average of 6.2 instances per week of evil behavior. This year, the number had shot up to 10.6.The exception, it seems, is the workplace. More than 90% of us see companies offices as what is immune(免疫的) to social bad manners. Workplaces are getting more civil in many people’s eyes. The reported cases of office incivility this year declined to 0.29%—markedly lower than cases of running into rudeness online (39%), while shopping (39%), or while driving (also 39%).12Of course，less-than-polite driving or letting loose with an online conduct code is, after all, unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion. However, being on one's best behavior in any professional field is generally a common-sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development.But there's more to it. Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice. CEOs, and managers at all levels, are now keen on cooperation. They are trying to build a ‘Best Places to Work' culture, to attract the best available talents. This emphasis on co-working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people.Nonetheless, a significant number of employees believe there's more to be done. Asked what changes they'd like to see, 62% hope that "civility training will be continued." , looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners.第 II 卷（共 40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.您可联系校办公室了解更多信息。
上海市静安区2019届高三上学期期质量监控英语试题
静安区2018-2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a bus station. B. At a gas station.C. At a military museum.D. At a mobile phone shop.2. A.3. B. 5. C. 8. D. 11.3. A. He had difficulty going to sleep at night.B. He stayed up late watching TV series.C. He produced an attractive TV series.D. He had to buy a new sleeping pillow.4. A. The woman should clean up the closet.B. The woman has bought too many new clothes.C. The woman should put on some weight.D. The woman should buy more clothes.5. A. The sunlight will bum up the jacket.B. The beach is too cold.C. She is proud of her dark skin color.D. The sunlight is helpful to her.6. A. Many activities were arranged in the bookshop.B. Many people were listening to a writers lecture.C. The bookshop was popular because of the book resources.D. People went to the bookshop to get free books.7. A. Customers can pay cash.B. There are more varieties of goods.C. Customers can get a bargain price.D. Customers can receive the goods faster.8. A. Peter isn't in his hometown himselfB. Peter isn't their good friend.C. Peter is unlikely to appear to pick them up.D. Peter owns an empty house in his hometown.9. A. Do a part-time job on campus.B. Borrow money from the woman.C. Obtain financial assistance from school.D. Study a practical case on campus.10. A. The man had a bad time eating with his boss.B. The man had a stomachache after lunch.C. The man enjoys eating with co-workers.D. The man is particular about the food he eats.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two Passages and one longer conversation. After eachpassage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, readthe four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.ers can choose height range.B. Users can improve their eyesight.C. Users can select the SPF of the cream.D. Users can get a full exposure to the cream.12.A.The laziness of the inventor.B. The needs of the hotels.C. The fund the inventor obtained.D. The online usage video.13.A.Inserting coins into the equipment.B. Paying cash to the inventor.C. Buying Snappy Screen card.D. Paying for the hotel room.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14.A.He got a medal for courage.B. He would become a French citizen.C. He got a position in the fire service.D. He received a large sum of money.15.A.He was playing a game.B. He was sleeping in the balcony.C. He was staying with his family.D. He was injured.16. A. The balcony was not strong enough.B. The boy's father left him alone at home.C. The house was on fire.D. Firemen broke into the house.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A.The origin of AI technology.B. The bad influences AI might bring.C. The changes AI brings to humans.D. The waterproof feature of AI technology.18.A.Too few people he has interviewed.B. The inferior AI products on the market.C. The lack of resources on AI theory.D. The lack of fund for the study.19.A.It is located in the downtown area.B. It has professional staff.C. It offers great online resource.D. It opens to general public free of charge.20.A.To prove that the applicant has legal income.B. To guarantee applicant's ability to pay overdue fine.C. To use the bank card as the membership card.D. To pay the membership fee.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank."I love the work and experience I've gained, but I am frustrated by the disorganized management .Also, I've been told I can't ask for more money. I can get a new job with more pay, but will(21)____________(leave)within a year hurt my professional reputation?"The answer is," it depends."When we choose to leave a new job early, it sends the message that(22)_______is terribly wrong, especially in the current economic climate(23)________ unemployment is higher and people are dying for jobs. That means you will somehow look suspicious (24)________you say about the leave. Saying the work is great but you don't like management or the pay won't go over well with employers. To them, it sounds a bit selfish and needy. No doubt, they(25) (question) your ability to be patient or be a good team player.Employers dislike people who are unhappy in a job after less than a year. It implies impatience and lack of appreciation for the employer. Plus, you're getting paid to do work you actually like, so they (26)_____ assume that you can't put up with a little disorganization. And speaking of pay, most companies work (27) ______ an annual review basis, so suddenly asking for more money doesn't work for their budgets.So, what’s the solution?Focus on your desire (28) ______ (develop) professionally. “It’s a tough decision to leave this great company. I love the work I am doing. However, it (29) ______ (make) clear to me that there Is no room for me to grow my skills as a professional. My fear is if I stay, I will become (30) ______ (competitive) down the line. I want to move to a company where I can take my skills and abilities to the next level and create even more value for my employer.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.binationB. sheetsC. flexibleD. rejectedE. healF. imitateG. chemicalH. damageI. settingJ. necessarilyK. severeArtificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory, typically used to treat burns. Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity, but all are designed to __31__at least some of the skin's basic functions, which include protecting against wetness and infection andregulating body heat.Skin is primarily made of two layers: the uppermost layer, the epidermis, which serves as a protection against the environment; and the dermis, the layer below the epidermis. The dermis also contains substances, which help to make the skin __32__ and maintain its biological functions.Artificial skins close wounds, which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can __33__. For example, one commonly used artificial skin, Integra. functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen(股原质)__34__. The Integra “dermis”is also biodegradable(可生物降解的). It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis.Aside from its uses in the clinical35, artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research. For example, artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing. Such testing may cause __36__ pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not __37__ predict the response of human skin. Some companies like L’óreal have already used artificial skin to test many __38__ ingredients and products. Other research applications include how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin.Today new technology has been developed by growing __39 __ of skin taken from the patient or other humans. One major source is the foreskins of newborns. Such cells often do not stimulate the body's immune system-a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mother’s body-and hence are much less likely to be __40__ by the patient's body.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.You’ve been painting for a few years, and maybe you have even sold a painting or two. Are you ready to ___41___ the title of an amateur artist?Distinguishing green hand from professional artists is ___42___ task. It is not just a matter of your ability to create nice paintings. It’s not only about painting techniques. And for most cases, it doesn’t happen ___43___. Very few artists become overnight success without years of struggle and suffering.To turn professional, people find it critical to develop a personal style. What makes your paintings ___44___ among other paintings out there? Are your paintings standing out unmistakably directed to you as the creator? A personal style comes along with technique, painting medium, and subject and it tends to develop gradually over time. You ___45___ it through unconscious and constant exploring and self-shaping. Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium. Salvador Dali used to use many artistic media, but they all have a ___46___ Dali style. Style refers to the emotions and thoughts delivered by your paintings, which people can identify with. Their ___47___ of the painter is then a sure thing.Artists talk about their ___48___ all of the time. What gets you out of bed every morning to paint? How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting? ___49___, we all love to do what we do and we get a satisfaction out of creating. For the professional artist, it goes beyond that. Some artists wish to convey a deep message concerning life, society or even politics. Others simply seek ___50___ returns to cover kids’ tuition fees or pay family bills. Yet, all prof essional artists know that they have to keep workingto achieve the goals.Many amateur artists passively wait for ___51___ to come. If they are not in the mood, they do not bother wasting the time. They sometimes allow themselves to be occupied by events like parties. Professionals are never easily ___52___ or torn away from their art work in progress. Focused on their work so much, some even regard spending time outside their ___53___ as crime ___54___ is their secret to high productivity.Besides, professional artists are constantly prepared to grab new ideas for the next painting, which they believe is sure to be better than the previous one. The belief that there is always room for ___55___ keeps driving them forward in the art world where many masters have come along.41. A. step beyond B. turn off C. see through D. make up42. A. rewarding B. tricky C. formal D. temporary43. A. individually B. thoroughly C. instantly D. sincerely44. A. unique B. superior C. practical D. reliable45. A. acquire B. transfer C. imitate D. analyze46. A. recent B. distinct C. modest D. logical47. A. preservation B. employment C. adaption D. recognition48. A. background B. significance C. motivation D. routine49. A. To sum up B. In contrast C. In addition D. In general50. A. academic B. global C. financial D. original51. A. inspiration B. fame C. guidance D. solution52. A. offended B. dominated C. distracted D. rewarded53. A. studio B. bedroom C. garage D. garden54. A. Reflection B. Devotion C. Creativity D. Illustration55. A. negotiation B. profit C. criticism D. improvementSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）I boarded a small plane together with my sister and 42 other passengers. While flying over the mountains, the plane encountered violent airflow. Losing control suddenly, it hit an unknown mountain peak. The impact of the crash claimed the lives of a few passengers immediately, leaving many injured including my sister.Adding a slight chance of being found out, we waited in the open, as opposed to waiting in the plane, even though it was freezing cold. At night, we slept side by side to keep ourselves warm and melted snow into water. We kne w our food couldn’t last us long, sticking to the hope that we would be rescued soon. We knew from radio that the outside world was trying to look for the missing aircraft. However, theaircraft was white and blended in with the snow, making it impossible to be seen from the sky. Later, our hope was dead when we found out via our radio that the rescue effort ended.Now climbing over the mountains ourselves to search for help seemed to be our only chance of survival. Although the crash site was an awful place, with urine（尿）everywhere and smelling of death, I still wished to stay there. But my sister would give in to her injuries soon if we were not rescued. Thus, together with two other people, Canessa and Vizintin, I decided to walk through the icy wilderness for help. Carrying some food and water, the three climbers started our journey. If we had known anything about climbing, we would have realized that we were already finished. The mountain we were about to challenge was one with slopes so steep that it would scare away a team of expert climbers. Our ignorance provided our only chance.We endured exhaustion and starvation and we had reached the top.To our horror, we found nothing. Disappointed, we were about to give up hope when I spotted a valley at the base of the mountain and again we started making our way down the mountain.Eventually, at the bottom of the mountain we were helped by a local farmer who called the police for help. I then guided the rescue team via a helicopter to the crash site. Finally, after we had endured nineteen cruel days, the world found out that there were 16 survivors who had cheated death despite the odds.56. Why did they stay outside the plane?A. Because they didn’t want to stay with dead people inside.B. Because it’s eas ier to obtain melted snow for water.C. Because they hoped to be seen by the rescue people.D. Because other passengers were against staying inside.57. Why did the author leave the crash site despite his wish to stay?A. Because he could get help from two experienced climbers.B. Because his sister might die without timely medical help.C. Because the crash site was too terrible for him to stay in.D. Because he would like to be tested by the steep mountain slopes.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Rescue people didn’t notice the aircraft because of its color at the beginning.B. The public knew where the plane crashed from the radio.C. The author gave up the climb halfway due to disappointment.D. More than half of the plane passengers were finally rescued.59. The underlined sentence had cheated death despite the odds is closest in meaning to ________.A. had told lies about death in spite of realityB. had avoided death in spite of huge difficultiesC. had treated death with positive attitudeD. had almost died in spite of strange expectation(B)Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless(不锈的) Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer(温度计) FGTHO550by Rubbermaid Commercial Products4.3 out of 5 stars2,274 customer reviewsPrice: $7.01Color: MetallicMade of wearable stainless steel, this oven thermometer is designed toendure the test of the toughest professional and home kitchens. The scalereads in both Fahrenheit and Celsius, and it features clearly markedtemperature differences to aid accurate readings. Easy to install, thethermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger, so it can be suspended from an oven rail. Its self-standing design also allowsit to stand upright on a baking pan in the oven.Easy-to-Read DialThis oven thermometer measures and displays true oven temperature, helping to ensureprecise results when preparing food.Durable Stainless Steel DesignWith its stainless steel construction and rock-resistant lens, this thermometer withstandstough and repeated use. And with its long 10-year warranty, it's sure to become one of yourkitchen mainstays.About manufacturerRubbermaid Commercial Products, headquartered in Winchester, Va, is a manufacturer of innovative, solution-based products for commercial and institutional markets worldwide. Since1968, RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prep services, cleaning maintenance, waste handling, material transport, and safety products Product details.Product details●Product Dimensions: 6.1 x45x 1.5 inches; I pound●Domestic Shipping: Item can be shipped within U.S●International Shipping: This item can be shipped to selected countries outside of the U.S. LearnMore●Amazon Best Sellers Rank:#1 in Home Kitchen>Oven Thermometersspecial offers and product promotions●pay with your credit card or your Amazon. Com Gift Card. Apply now.60. Which of the following features does the product enjoy?A It's made of quality plastic easy to be bent.B. It is assisted with electronic dial reading system.C. It could be positioned within the oven in two ways.D. It is resistant to shake and press61. Which description about the product is true?A. It provides unconditional domestic and international shopping.B. It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on AmazonC Over 3000 customers have commented on the product.D. It could be paid for only through credit card.62. Which of the following products is NOT likely to be manufactured by Rubbermaid Commercial Products?A. Deskside Plastic Wastebasket.B. Airtight Snack ContainerC. Full Pan CarrierD. Over-ear Bass Sound Stereo Headphones( C )Canada is a bilingual country with "co-official" languages. English and French enjoy equal status as the official languages of all federal government institutions in Canada. This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from, federal (联邦的)government institutions in either English or French. Federal government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in designated bilingual regions.Like the United States, Canada started as a colony. Beginning in the 1500s, it was part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years' War. As a result, the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers: France and England. The Constitution (宪法)Act of 1867 enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal courts. Years later, Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969, which reaffirmed the constitutional origins of its co-official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual-language status.Recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians. Among other benefits, the 1969 Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents, whether their native language was French or English. The general law also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country.The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status and use of the English and French languages within Canadian society and provides support to the development of English and French linguistic minority communities. However, the reality is that most Canadians speak English, and of course, many Canadians speak another language entirely.Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas, there are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language, so the government does not always offer services in French in those regions. Canadians use the phrase "where numbers warrant" to indicate whether a local population's language usage requires bilingual services from the federal government.While many Canadians are bilingual, they are not only speaking English or French. Statistic Canadafinds that more than 200 languages that were not English or French, were reported as a language spoken by its people. About two-thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these languages also spoke either English or French.63. The acceptance of two official languages in Canada is due to ________.A. the language –using tradition caused by Canada’s colonia l history.B. the convenience for business dealings by using two languages in the country.C. the welcome attitude toward immigrates from all over the world.D. the mastery of two languages of Canadians because of school education.64. In reality whether bilingual service provided by the federal government is necessary in different districts is decided by ________.A. the legal order from the federal governmentB. the popularity of the language in the worldC. the number of schools teaching the languageD. the number of local people using the language65. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. English has gained superior legal position to French because of bigger number of users in Canada.B. The legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969.C. Both French and English should be used on products in Canada according to federal law.D. Canadian people speak either French or English in social communication.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The advantage of using multiple languages in CanadaB. The history and current situation of two language used in CanadaC. The disadvantaged status of the French language used in Canada.D. Canadians’ advancement in balancing two languages in business world.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentences can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. They are even believed to possess some level of consciousness.B. The creature instantly loses consciousness in half a second.C. Legal prohibition becomes the major consideration for restaurants when choosing acooking method.D. Except for moral consideration, many chefs believe stress negatively affects the flavor ofthe meat.E. It’s difficult to assess pain in other species because we cannot communicate as easily.F. It beats the former method by saving chefs’ effort in cleaning the creature.Unit the 1980s, scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability tofeel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.If you slap(掌击) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain levelof self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.If you slap(击掌) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response,____67____Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals. Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.But huge disagreement exists. For example, scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters（龙虾）feel pain. Some researchers argue lobsters are two dissimilar to vertebrates（脊椎动物）to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations.____68_____In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries. Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal, many restaurants prefer more humane methods.___ 69___ To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods. Stabbing a lobster in the head isn't a good option, as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious.Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes( 点击) a lobster.___ 70___ The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain. In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.So, when you picked up a few things in a supermarket, a guy ran his cart over your toe with no apology. By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic, with a rude handgesture or two, wasn't it a relief to get to the office?The answer is a definite yes. It is found that most American people today think public rudeness is on the rise, and most see that as a "major problem." Moreover, it's getting worse. Last year, people reported encountering an average of 6.2 instances per week of evil behavior. This year, the number had shot up to 10.6.The exception, it seems, is the Workshops. More than 90% of us see companies offices as . what is immune（免疫）to social bad manners. Workplaces are gettig more civil in many people's eyes. The reported cases of office incivility this year declined to 0.29%-markedly lower than cases of running into rudeness online (39%), or while driving (also39%).Of course, less-than-polite driving or letting loose with an online conduct code is, after all,unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion. However, being on one's best behavior in any professional field is generally a common-sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development.But there’s more to it. Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice. CEOS, and managers at all levels，are now keen on cooperation. Theyare trying to build a ‘Best Places to Work’culture，to attract the best available talents. This emphasis on co-working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people.Nonetheless，a significant number of employees believe there＇s more to be done. Asked what changes they＇d like to see，62％hope that＂civility training will be continued＂,looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners.第Ⅱ卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.72.您可联系校办公室了解更多信息。
上海市静安区2019-2020学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科教学质量（一模）监测卷（含答案）
上海市静安区2019-2020学年第⼀学期期末⾼三年级英语学科教学质量（⼀模）监测卷（含答案）Ⅱ. Grammar andVocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Do Avalanches HappenIf you’re ever skiing in the mountains, you’ll want to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow down a slope, such as a mountain. The amount of snow in an avalanche (21) (vary) based on many things, but it can be such a huge amount that it can bury the bottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.Avalanches (22) be caused by natural things. For example, new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers（诱发因素）can also cause avalanches. For example, snowmobiles, skiers, and explosives (23) (know) to lead to avalanches.Avalanches usually occur during the winter and spring, (24) snowfall is greatest. As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path, avalanches have destroyed forests, roads, railroads and even entire towns.Warning signs exist that allow experts to predict -- and often prevent -- avalanches from (25) (occur). When over a foot of fresh snow falls, experts know to be on the lookout for avalanches. Explosives can be used in places (26) massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don’t pose a danger to persons or property.When deadly avalanches do occur, the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. (27) it’s possible to dig out of such avalanches, not all are able to escape.If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself (28) (bury) under many feet of snow, you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down. Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out, only to find that they were upside down and digging (29) farther under the snow rather than to the top!Experts suggest that people caught in an avalanche try to dig around you (30) (create) a space for air, so you can breathe more easily. Then, do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Under the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Tready（不扩散核武器条约）, only five countries are considered to be “nuclear - weapon states.” China is one of them. This military achievement would have been 31 without the contribution of Deng Jiaxian, a leading organizer of China’s nuclear weap on programs.Deng went to the United States in 1948 for further study, and received a doctorate in physics two years later. Just nine days after graduation, the then 26-year-old returned to the newly - founded People’s Republic of China with 32 physics knowledge. He became a research fellow under the leadership of Qian Sanqiang and started his theoretical nuclear research in cooperation with Yu Min.From 1958 on, Deng spent over 20 years working 33 with a team of young scientists on the development of China’s first atomic and hydrogen bombs. Originally, they were prepared to receive training by experts from theSoviet Union. Soon after, however, the Soviet government tore up its 34 with China and removed all its experts. Deng had to lead the team of 28 members with an average age of 23 on a mission to 35 the mysterious power of atomic physics.There was ridicule（嘲笑）following the 36 of the Soviet experts that China wouldn’t be able to build an atomic bomb within20 years. Deng said to his colleagues, “It is in the interest of the Chinese people to develop nuclear weapons. We must be willing to be unknown heroes for our lifetime. It is worth the risk of suffering, and it is worth our 37 to this cause.”As the leader of China’s atomic bomb design, Deng gave lessons himself and organized a team to translate and study the 38 foreign language materials. In the meantime, he never stopped thinking about the direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the first atomic bomb in 1964, Deng joined the research group led by Yu Min. They immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb, which was 39 in 1967. From the first atomic bomb to the first hydrogen bomb, China spent only two years and eight months on development.Deng passed away in 1986 because of cancer. In the last month of his life, the 28-year secret experience of this great scientist was 40 , and his reputation began to spread throughout China. In 1999, along with 22 other scientists, he was awarded the special prize of “Two Bombs, One Satellite Meritorious Medal” for his contribution to Chinese military science.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the Fake News Era, Building Trust with Consumers Is CrucialWith consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns, how to you convince shoppers to buy your narrative（叙述）, let alone your product?A recent report by Trust-Radius, a software review company that connects buyers and vendors（供应商）, may be able to shed some light. Among other interesting findings, it turns out that it may actually benefit brands to be painfully 41 about their products.Consumer awareness of influencer marketing tactics（策略）is increasing. 42 , according to the report, most consumers trust online peer 43 as much as recommendations from friends -- and well above company advertising message. Feedback from everyday folks, it seems, actually carries more 44 than a brand ambassador （⼤使）from an out-of-reach personality. Transparency（透明度）is crucial The report found that there is a large trust 45 between vendors and buyers. While vendors believe they are transparent, most buyers don’t appear to see it. During the sales process, for example, 85 percent of vendors -- 46 to be open about their product’s limitations during the sales process -- but only 36 percent of buyers share that same view. The reality is, consumers don’t expect any products to be 47 -- they just want to enter relationships with their eyes wide open so that they can 48 the options that are best for them. They also want brands to be more 49 . 66 percent of consumers say they will leave a company if they feel they are being treated like a number and not an individual.Along with the combination of take news, advertising fraud, and data leaks, there have been fake reviews as well. Review sites have been 50 giving preferential（优惠的）treatment to paid advertisers, and consumers are increasingly discerning（有辨别⼒的）, as a result. 51 , review sites are not our only source of peer reviews, with social media providing customer experiences on a second - to - second basis. When brands treat every 52 with a customer as a potential review, they’ll start paying more attention to detail, and being alert to delivering avalued and memorable experience every time. Taking feedback seriously also lets current customers feel valued and respected and makes your business seem more approachable. This helps secure 53 , and often, these customers will become brand ambassadors to their friends, family and people they meet online.The challenge for brands today is determining how to use the 54 of the consumer to their advantage. In an age of cutting -edge technology, artificial intelligence, and self-service customer care, it’s odd to acknowledge that the best way to build trust with your customers is by holding an open 55 with your customers. Being more human, transparent, and listening to what people are saying will see your company thrive in an era marked by consumer suspicion.41. A. nervous B. honest C. careful D. particular42. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. However43. A. reviews B. reactions C. experiences D. instructions44. A. weight B. risks C. warnings D. burdens45. A. relationship B. influence C. gap D. extension46. A. refuse B. hesitate C. desire D. claim47. A. advanced B. perfect C. remarkable D. unique48. A. consider B. offer C. select D. exercise49. A. efficient B. profitable C. human D. responsible50. A. associated with B. mistaken by C. praised as D. criticized for51. A. On the contrary B. In fact C. By contrast D. In a word52. A. cooperation B. complaint C. interaction D. appointment53. A. safety B. loyalty C. convenience D. employment54. A. money B. choice C. habit D. voice55. A. dialogue B. debate C. competition D. contractSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)As humanity has got richer, animal’s roles have changed. People need their services less than before. Fewer wolves and thieves meant less demand for dogs for protection; the internal combustion engine（内燃机）made horses unneeded; modern sanitation（卫⽣设备）kept rats in check and made cats less useful. No longer necessities, domestic animals became luxuries. Pet-keeping seems to kick in when household incomes rise above roughly $5,000. It is booming.The trend is not a new one. Archaeologists（考古学家）have found 10,000-year-old graves in which dogs and people are buried together. Some cultures -- such as in Scandinavia, where dogs have long been both working dogs and companions --have kept pets for thousands of years. But these days the pet-keeping urge has spread even to parts of the world which have no tradition of sinking into a comfortable chair with a furry creature.The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. No longer are they food - waste - recyclers, fed with the remains that fall from their masters’ tables. Pet - food shelves are full of delicacies crafted to satisfy a range of appetites, including ice cream for dogs and foods for pets that are old, diabetic or suffer from sensitive digestion; a number of internet services offer food, tailored to the pet’s individual tastes.In the business this is called “pet humanisation” -- the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of thefamily. This is evident in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex and Spot to -- in America -- Bella, Lucy and Max. It is evident in the growing market for pet clothing, pet grooming and pet hotels.People still assume that pets must be working for humanity in some way, perhaps making people healthier or less anxious. But the evidence for that is weak. Rather, new research suggests that dogs have evolved those irresistible “puppy - dog eyes” precisely to affect human emotions. It has worked. The species that once enslaved others now works very hard to pay for the care of its pets. Sentimental（多愁善感的）Americans often refer to themselves not as cat-owners but as thecat’s“mommy” or “daddy”. South Koreans go one further, describing themselves as cat “butlers”. Watch an unlucky dog-walker trailing “his” hound（猎⽝）, plastic bag in hand to pick up its mess, and you have to wonder: who’s in charge now?56.Which of the following trends is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.People’s needs for animal services are decreasing.B.Both the pet number and the pet business are growing.C.Pets are increasingly making their owners less anxious.D.Pet foods are more various and customized than before.57.Which of the following is referred to as evidence of “pet humanization?”A.The names given to pets in American families nowadays.B.Pet’s inbuilt ability to affect emotions of their owners.C.Human beings ever rising urge for pet-keeping.D.Pet’s roles as both working staff and companions.58.Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?A.Pets should be treated as equals of their human masters.B.Human beings are getting much benefit from their pets.C.Pet-keeping is still restricted within certain parts of the world.D.Some pet owners spend too much money on their pets.59.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Changing Roles of AnimalsB. The Urge for Pet-keepingC. Who Owns WhomD. Love Me, Love My Dog(B)Depression hurts, Prozac can helpDepression isn’t just feeling down. It’s a real illness with real causes. Depression can be triggered by stressful life events, like divorce or a death in the family. Or it can appear suddenly, for no apparent reason.Some people think you can just will yourself out of a depression. That’s not true. Many doctors believe that one thing that may cause depression is an imbalance of serotonin -- a chemical in your body. If this happens, you may have trouble sleeping. Feel unusually sad or irritable easily. Find it hard to concentrate. Lose your appetite. Lack energy. Or have trouble feeling pleasure. These are some of the symptoms that can point to depression -- especially if they last for more than a couple of weeks and if normal, everyday life feels like to much to handle.To help fight depression, the medicine doctors now prescribe（开处⽅）most often is Prozac. Prozac isn’t a “happy pill”. It’s not a tranquilizer（镇静剂）. It won’t turn you into a different person.Some people do experience mild side effects, like upset stomach, headaches, difficulty sleeping, sleepiness, anxiety and nervousness. These tend to go away within a few weeks of starting treatment, and usually aren’t serious enough to make most people stop taking it. However, if you are concerned about a side effect, or if you develop a rash（⽪疹）, tell your doctor right away. And don’t forget to tell your doctor any other medicines you are taking. Some people should not take Prozac, especially people an MAO inhibitors（单胺抑制剂）.As you start feeling better, your doctor can suggest therapy or other means to help you work through your depression. Prozac has been carefully studied for nearly 10 years. But remember, Prozac is a prescription medicine, and it isn’t right for everyone. Only your doctor can decide if Prozac is right for you -- or for someone you love. Prozac has been prescribed for more than 17 million Americans. Chances are someone you know is feeling sunny again because of it.60.All the following are true EXCEPT .A.It is easy to get rid of depression through tremendous determination.B.Sleep disorder is characteristic of depression symptoms.C.Depression can be caused by combination of factors.D.Depression is a psychological state taking the form of low mood.61.What can we learn about Prozac from this piece of information?A.Prozac is a newly developed drug to treat depression.B.patients who take Prozac can experience severe side a effects.C.A medical prescription is necessary for Prozac.D.Over 17 million Americans have been cured by Prozac.62.This piece of information is most probably .A.an introduction to a scientific projectB.a part of prescription drug instructionsC.a part of a research report in a medical journalD.an advertisement of a medicine for depression(C)Learning a second language is tricky at any age (and it only gets tougher the longer you wait to open that dusty French book). Now, in a new study, scientists have pinpointed the exact age at which your chances of reading fluency in a second language seems to plummet: 10.The study, published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native - level fluency if they st art learning a second tongue after 10. But that doesn’t seem to be because language skills go downhill. “It turns out you’re still learning fast. It’s just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,” says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne, an assistant professor of psychology at Boston College.Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Children’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information. “All learning involves the brain changing,”Hartshorne says, “and children’s brains seem to be a lot more skilled at changing.”Kids may also be more willing to try new things (and to potentially look foolish in the process) than adults are. Their comparatively new grasp on their native tongue may also be advantageous. Unlike adults, who tend to default（默认）to the rules and patterns of their first language, kids may be able to approach a new one with a blank slate（⽯板）.These findings may seems discouraging, but it was heartening for scientists to learn that the critical period for fluent language acquisition might be longer than they previously thought. Some scientists believed that the brief window closes shortly after birth, while others stretched it only to early adolescence. Compared to those estimates, 17 or 18 -- when language learning ability starts to drop off -- seems relatively old.“People fared better when thy learned by immersion（沉浸）, rather than simply in a classroom. And moving to a place where our desired language is spoken is the best way to learn as an adult. If that’s not an option, you can mimic an immersive environment by finding ways to have conversations with native speakers in their owncommunities,” Hartshorne says. By doing so, it’s possible to become conversationally proficient -- even without the advantage of a child’s brain.63.The word “plummet” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “”.A. plungeB. riseC. endD. vary64.What can be inferred from Joshua Hartshorne’s words?A.Age 10 -18 is the best time to learn a second language.B.Children are too young to grasp a second language./doc/18c295213b68011ca300a6c30c2259010302f356.html municating with native speakers enables you to master all the language skills.D.Adults go beyond the critical period for learning a second language.65.What might be the reason why adults can’t reach native - level fluency in a second language.A.Adults are less influenced by their mother tonguesB.Adults are only too willing to experience something awkward in the process.C.Adults spend more time responding to new information.D.Adults prefer an immersive environment to a classroom in learning a second language.66.The passage is mainly about .A.the approaches to learning a second languageB.the best age to learn a second language.C.why kids learn a second language more easily than adultsD.whether adults can learn a second language like their younger selvesSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceSearch for a Human Face for RobotsLooking for a $130,000 payday? Geomiq, a British engineering and manufacturing firm is searching for a “kind and friendly”face to be the face of a robot once it goes into production. “This will entail（需要）the selected person’s face being reproduced on potentially thousands of versions of the robots worldwide,” Geomiq says in a blog post about the project. Robots have been at the forefront of technology for decades, and are widely considered the future of our technological advancement. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, according to some estimates, robots designed to keep the elderly company are becoming increasingly common. (67)They do things like responding to voice commands, offering proactive（积极主动的）notifications and advice and letting relatives monitor conditions at home. There is still a long way to go but new robotic products are coming into fruition all the time. Geomiq says the robot line has been in the works for five years and will result in a companion for seniors.The designer has noted in an interview with a select press pool that they can’t release too many details at this stage. (68) The designer has also stressed that unsuccessful candidates will not be contacted. The。
2019届上海市上海中学高三上学期第一模拟考试英语试题含解析
2019届上海市上海中学高三上学期第一次模拟英 语 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
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第I 卷（选择题）一、完形填空Directions: Foreach blank in the following passage are four words or phrases marked A ． B ． CandD ． Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research hasshown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion ofthe cultural orpolitical problems of the day, not heated debates about filmswe've just watched or books we've just finished reading,but plain and simple___1__.Language isour greatest treasure as a species, and what do we ___2___ do with it? Wegossip. About others'behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing whatwith whom, who's in and who's out ——and why; how to dealwith difficult____3__ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are wekeen on gossiping? Are we just natural _4_____, of both time and words? Or do wetalk a lotabout nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the reallyimportant issues of life? It's not the case accordingto Professor RobinDunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution ofLanguage, thepsychologist says gossip is one of these really__5____issues.Dunbar __6____the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stageof socialdevelopment in order to organize their manly hunting activities moreeffectively, or even to promote the exchangeof poetic stories about theirorigins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved amongwomen.We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we cantalk, argues Dunbar —____7__, he goes on tosay, languageevolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbararrived at his cheery theory by studying the __8____ of the higher primates likemonkeys. By means of grooming ——cleaning the fur by brushing it,monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support inthe event of some kind of conflict within the group or___9___ from outside it. As we humanbeings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar __10____that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together madesense because the bigger the group, the greater the ___11___ it provided; on theother hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close toothers. Grooming helped to ___12___ the pressure and calm everybody down. But as thegroups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activitiesalso had to be ____13__ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more __14____kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocalgrooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groupsby exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would bepossible by one-to-one ___15___ contact. 1．A ． claim B ． description C ． gossip D ． language 2．A ． occasionally B ． habitually C ． independently D ． originally 3．A ． social B ． political C ． historical D ． cultural 4．A ． admirers B ． masters C ． users D ． wasters 5．A ． vital B ． sensitive C ． ideal D ． difficult 6．A ． confirms B ． rejects C ． outlines D ． broadens 7．A ． for instance B ． in addition C ． on the contrary D ． as a result 8．A ． motivation B ． appearance C ． emotion D ． behavior 9．A ． attack B ． contact C ． inspection D ． assistance 10．A ． recalls B ． denies C ． concludes D ． confesses 11．A ． prospect B ． responsibility C ． leadership D ． protection 12．A ． measure B ． show C ． maintain D ． ease 13．A ． saved B ． extended C ． consumed D ． gained 14．A ． common B ． efficient C ． scientific D ． thoughtful 15．A ． indirect B ． daily C ． physical D ． secret 二、阅读理解 The teacherwho did the most to encourage me was, as it happens, my aunt.She was Myrtle C ． Manigault, the wife of my mother's brother Bill. She taught me in second gradeat all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouragedme to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what wasconsidered practical or possible for black females.I liked to sing; shelistened to my voice and pronounced it good.I couldn't dance; she taught me thebasic dancing steps.She took me to the theatre-not just children's theatre butadult comedies and dramas-and her faiththat I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensivelibrary and shared them with me.I had books at home, but they were all serious classics.Even as a child I had a strongliking for humour, and I'll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis's Archy & Mehitabel throughher.Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided myfirst opportunity to write for publication.A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to theeditor as a "youth columnist". My column, begun when I was fourteen,was supposed to cover teenage social activities-and it did-but it also gave methe freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gatheringmaterial, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation fromcollege six years later, a solid collection of published material that carriedmy name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her "favouriteniece". Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted (多面的) image of possibilities to every pupilwho has crossed her path.16．Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhoodand youth?A．She lent her some serious classics.B．She cultivated her taste for music.C．She discovered her talent for dancing.D．She introduced her to adult plays.17．What does Archy & Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A．A book of great fun.B．A writer of high fame.C．A serious masterpiece.D．A heartbreaking play.18．Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ________.A．develop her capabilities for writingB．give her a chance to collect materialC．involve her in teenage social activitiesD．offer her a series of writing jobs19．We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who________.A．trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB．gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialC．emphasized what was practical or possible for pupilsD．helped pupils overcome difficulties in learningHumpback WhalesHumpback whales are sometimes calledperformers of the ocean.This is because they can make impressive movements whenthey dive.The name“humpback”, which isthe common name for this whale, refers to the typical curve shape the whale'sback forms as it dives.Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantasticmovement known as a breach.During breaching the whale uses its powerful tailflukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant leap.A breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out likewings, as the whale reaches the height of the breach.A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of thewater through two blowholes which are located near the top of the head.It blowsa double stream of water that can rise up to 4 metres above the water.The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towardsthe tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back.Other distinguishingfeatures include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the bodylength, and unique black and white spots on the underside of the tailflukes.These markings are like finger prints: no two are the same.Humpback whales live in large groups.They communicatewith each other through complex “songs”.20．According to Quick Facts, ahumpback whale _____.A．cannot survive in waters near the shoreB．doesn't live in the same waters all the timeC．lives mainly on underwater plantsD．prefers to work alone when hunting food21．To make a breach, a humpback whale must _____.A．use its tail flukes to leap out of the waterB．twist its body sideways to jump highC．blow two streams of waterD．communicate with a group of humpbacks22．From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale _____.A．has its unique markings on its tail flukesB．has black and white fingerprintsC．gets its name from the way it huntsD．is a great performer due to its songsIf you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbouror a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to stepinto the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality device.Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a bodyswapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group ofartists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using amachine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "AsI looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner'spants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple.Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The videofrom each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact viewof your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, shesees it.To get used to seeing anotherperson's body without actually having control of it, participants start byraising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along.Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants reallystart to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises toalter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies haveshown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias thathumans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at theUniversity of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the ImplicitAssociation Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between,for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic orawkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digitalcharacter using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. Thistime, the participants' bias scores were lowe r. The idea is that once you've"put yourself in another’s shoes" you're less likely to think ill ofthem, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to BeAnother hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping,people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau,a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kindof experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."23．The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A．buildingB．exchangingC．controllingD．transplanting24．We can infer from the experimentat the Be Another lab that______.A．our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB．we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC．participants will live more passionately after the experimentD．The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes25．In the Implicit Association Test,before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinneddigital character, ______.A．they fought strongly against racismB．they scored lower on the test for racismC．they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD．they were more biased against those unlike them26．It can be concluded from the passage that______.A．technology helps people realize their dreamsB．our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC．virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD．our points of view about others need changing constantly第II卷（非选择题）三、语法填空Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passagecoherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill ineach blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, useone word that best fits each blank.Today theStatue of Liberty is a beloved landmark. It 27．(tower) above of theharbor of New York and is lovingly cared for by the National Park Service. Manythousands of visitors who visit Liberty Island each year might never suspectthat getting the statue 28．(build) was a long slow struggle. More than acentury ago, it 29．(be) the celebration of freedom and the commemorationof the friendship between America and France that inspired sculptor AugusteBartholdi and finally he went forward with designing the potential statue andpromoting the idea of building it. However, money was so big a problem 30．was haunting the two governments from the beginning to the end.Donations forthe building of the statue first began coming in throughout France in 1875.Numerous people gave donations. A copper company donated the copper sheets thatwould be used to fashion the skin of the statue. Various donations werehelpful, 31．the cost of the statue kept riding. 32．(face) with ashortfall of money, the French-American Union held a lottery. Merchants inParis donated prizes, and tickets were sold. The lottery was a success, butmore money was still needed. The sculptor Bartholdi eventually sold miniatureversions of the statue, 33．the name of the buyer engraved on them.Finally, in July 1880 the French-American Union announced that enough money hadbeen raised to complete the building of the statue.While theFrench had announced that the funds for the statues were in place in 1880, bylate 1882 the American donations, which would be needed to build the pedestal,were sadly lagging. The sculptor Bartholdi had travelled to America in 1871 topromote the idea of the statue. Despite Bartholdi’s efforts, the idea of thestatue was difficult 34．(sell). some newspapers, most notably the New YorkTimes, often criticized the statue as folly, and vehementlyopposed 35．(spend) any money on it. The newspaper publisher JosephPulitzer, who had purchased a New York City daily, The World, in the early1880s, took us the cause of the statue’s pede stal. He mounted an energetic funddrive, promising to print the name of each donor, 36．small the donation,Pulitzer’s audacious plan worked, and millions of people around the countrybegan donating whatever they could.In August1885, that final $100,000 for the statue;s pedestal had been raised.Construction work on the stone structure continued, and the next year theStatue of Liberty, which had arrived from France packed in crated, was erectedon top.四、信息匹配Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can beused only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.Let's sayyou've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have timeto carefully plan menus for meals or read food 37．at the supermarket. Sinceyou really38．yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come inhandy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" canhelp39．some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects arepeople who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. Forexample, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket——including which shelf the peanut buttergoes on, and how the oranges are piled up——is a choice architect.Governmentsdon't have to40．healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans.Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect——one that encourages us to choose what isbest——we will do the right things. In otherwords, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthierchoices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom tochoose with41．hints from choice architects, who aim to help people livelonger, healthier, and happier lives.The Britishand Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic lightsystem" to 42．foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customerscan see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains43．bylooking at the lights on the package. A green light 44．that the amounts ofthe three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer shouldbe45．; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the threenutrients and should be eaten in 46．. The customer is given important healthinformation, but is still free to decide what to choose.Various studies have shown that increased spending on education has notled to measurable improvements in learning. Between 1980 and 2008, staff andteachers at U.S. public schools grew roughly twice as fast as students.47．Universities show similar trends ofincreased administration personnel and costs without greater learning, asdocumented in Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa's recent book Academically Adrift:Limited Learning on College Campuses.A survey shows that 63% ofemployers say that recent college graduates don't have the skills they need tosucceed and 25% of employers say that entry-level writing skills are lacking.Some simplistically attribute thedecline in our public education system to the drain of skilled students byprivate schools, but far more significant events were at work.Public schools worked well untilabout the 1970s.48．It was the underperforming students who werethrown out of public schools and went to private ones.A prominent reason public schoolsdid well was that many highly qualified women had few options for workingoutside the house other than being teachers or nurses. 49．Having such a large supply oftalented women teachers meant that society could pay less for their services.Women’s liberation opened up new professional opportunities fo r women, and,over time, some of the best left teaching as a career option, bringing about agradual decline in the quality of schooling.50．Large educationbureaucracies and unions came to dominate the landscape, confusing activitywith achievement. Bureaucrats regularly rewrite curriculums, talk nonsenseabout theories of education, and require ever more administrators. The endresult has been that, after all the spending, students have worse math andreading skills than both their foreign peers and earlier generations spendingfar less on education ---- as all the accumulating evidence has now documented.A．They accepted relatively low pay, difficult working conditions, and gave their very best.B．In fact, until that time, public schools provided far better education than private ones.C． Achievement tests have failed to truly reflect the quality of teaching.D． The heavy teaching loads left them little time and energy for family life.E.Also around that time, regulations, government, and unions came to dictate pay, prevent adjustments.F.Yet students showed no additional learning in achievement tests.五、读写任务51．SummaryWritingSociologists have long recognized that organization of less than 200individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members.Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting lessflexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting fromfailures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be tostructure large organizations into smaller units of a size that can act as agroup. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, largerorganizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 willnever of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization.Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build directpersonal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be ableto communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal astructure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention twoyears ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it sohappened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The wholeprocess worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they weremoved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the workseemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problemwas. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building,they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunchtimes was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, theyaccidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the wholeorganization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gatheredinformally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information wascasually being exchanged. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、根据所给汉语意思完成句子Translation52．他和他的同学都不喜欢放学后补课。
2019年上海市静安区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市静安区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．(★★★★★)A． At a bus station．B． At a gas station．C． At a military museum．D． At a mobile phone shop．2．(★★★★★)A． 3．B． 5．C． 8．D． 11．3．(★★★★★)A． He had difficulty going to sleep at night．B．He stayed up late watching TV series．C．He produced an attractive TV series．D．He had to buy a new sleeping pillow．4．(★★★★★)A． The woman should clean up the closet．B． The woman has bought too many new clothes．C． The woman should put on some weight．D． The woman should buy more clothes．5．(★★★★★)A． The sunlight will bum up the jacket．B． The beach is too cold．C． She is proud of her dark skin color．D． The sunlight is helpful to her．6．(★★★★★)A． Many activities were arranged in the bookshop．B． Many people were listening to a writers lecture．C． The bookshop was popular because of the book resources．D． People went to the bookshop to get free books．7．(★★★★★)A． Customers can pay cash．B． There are more varieties of goods．C． Customers can get a bargain price．D． Customers can receive the goods faster．8．(★★★★★)A． Peter isn't in his hometown himselfB． Peter isn't their good friend．C． Peter is unlikely to appear to pick them up．D． Peter owns an empty house in his hometown．9．(★★★★★)A． Do a part-time job on campus．B． Borrow money from the woman．C． Obtain financial assistance from school．D． Study a practical case on campus．10．(★★★★★)A． The man had a bad time eating with his boss．B． The man had a stomachache after lunch．C． The man enjoys eating with co-workers．D． The man is particular about the food he eats．Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear two Passages and one longer conversation. After eachpassage or conversation， you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， readthe four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.11．(★★★★★)（1）A．Users can choose height range．B． Users can improve their eyesight．C． Users can select the SPF of the cream．D． Users can get a full exposure to the cream．（2）A．The laziness of the inventor．B． The needs of the hotels．C． The fund the inventor obtained．D． The online usage video．（3）A．Inserting coins into the equipment．B． Paying cash to the inventor．C． Buying Snappy Screen card．D． Paying for the hotel room．12．(★★★★★)（1）A．He got a medal for courage．B． He would become a French citizen．C． He got a position in the fire service．D． He received a large sum of money．（2）A．He was playing a game．B． He was sleeping in the balcony．C． He was staying with his family．D． He was injured．（3）A． The balcony was not strong enough．B． The boy's father left him alone at home．C． The house was on fire．D． Firemen broke into the house．13．(★★★★★)（1）A．The origin of AI technology．B． The bad influences AI might bring．C． The changes AI brings to humans．D． The waterproof feature of AI technology．（2）A．Too few people he has interviewed．B． The inferior AI products on the market．C． The lack of resources on AI theory．D． The lack of fund for the study．（3）A．It is located in the downtown area．B． It has professional staff．C． It offers great online resource．D． It opens to general public free of charge．（4）A．To prove that the applicant has legal income．B． To guarantee applicant's ability to pay overdue fine．C． To use the bank card as the membership card．D． To pay the membership fee．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．(★★)"I love the work and experience I've gained， but I am frustrated by the disorganized management．Also， I've been told I can't ask for more money． I can get a new job with more pay， but will（1）（leave）within a year hurt my professional reputation？"The answer is，" it depends．"When we choose to leave a new job early， it sends the message that（2）is terribly wrong， especially in the current economic climate（3）unemployment is higher and people are dying for jobs． That means you will somehow look suspicious （4） you say about the leave． Saying the work is great but you don't like management or the pay won't go over well with employers． To them，it sounds a bit selfish and needy． No doubt， they（5）（question） your ability to be patient or be a good team player．Employers dislike people who are unhappy in a job after less than a year． It implies impatience and lack of appreciation for the employer． Plus， you'regetting paid to do work you actually like， so they （6） assume that you can't put up with a little disorganization． And speaking of pay， most companies work （7） an annual review basis， so suddenly asking for more moneydoesn't work for their budgets．So， what's the solution？Focus on your desire （8）（develop） professionally． "It's a tough decision to leave this great company． I love the work I am doing． However， it （9）（make） clear to me that there Is no room for me to grow my skills as a professional． My fear is if I stay， I will become （10）（competitive） down the line． I want to move to a company where I can take my skills and abilities to the next level and create even more value for my employer．"Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．(★★) Artificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory， typically used to treat burns． Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity， but all are designed to （1） at least some of the skin's basic functions， which include protecting against wetness and infection and regulating body heat．Skin is primarily made of two layers： the uppermost layer， the epidermis，which serves as a protection against the environment； and the dermis， the layer below the epidermis． The dermis also contains substances， which help to make the skin（2） and maintain its biological functions．Artificial skins close wounds， which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can （3）． For example， one commonly used artificial skin， Integra． functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen（股原质）（4）． The Integra "dermis" is also biodegradable（可生物降解的）． It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis．Aside from its uses in the clinical（5）， artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research． For example， artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing． Such testing may cause （6） pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not（7） predict the response of human skin． Some companies like L'óreal have already used artificial skin to test many （8） ingredients and products． Other research applications include how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin．Today new technology has been developed by growing （9） of skin taken from the patient or other humans． One major source is the foreskins of newborns． Such cells often do not stimulate the body's immune system-a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mother's body-and hence are much lessⅢ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C， and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．(★★★★)You've been painting for a few years， and maybe you have even sold a painting or two． Are you ready to（1） the title of an amateur artist？Distinguishing green hand from professional artists is（2） task． Itis not just a matter of your ability to create nice paintings． It's not only about painting techniques． And for most cases， it doesn't happen （3）． Very few artists become overnight success without years of struggle and suffering．To turn professional， people find it critical to develop a personalstyle． What makes your paintings（4） among other paintings out there？Are your paintings standing out unmistakably directed to you as the creator？ A personal style comes along with technique， painting medium， and subject and it tends to develop gradually over time． You （5） it through unconscious and constant exploring and self-shaping． Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium． Salvador Dali used to use many artistic media， but they all have a （6） Dali style． Style refers to the emotions and thoughts delivered by your paintings， which people can identify with． Their （7） of the painter is then a sure thing．Artists talk about their（8） all of the time． What gets you out ofbed every morning to paint？ How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting？（9）， we all love to do what we do and we get a satisfaction out of creating． For the professional artist， it goes beyondthat． Some artists wish to convey a deep message concerning life， society or even politics． Others simply seek（10） returns to cover kids' tuition fees or pay family bills． Yet， all professional artists know that they have to keep working to achieve the goals．Many amateur artists passively wait for（11） to come． If they arenot in the mood， they do not bother wasting the time． They sometimes allow themselves to be occupied by events like parties． Professionals are never easily （12） or torn away from their art work in progress． Focused on their work so much， some even regard spending time outside their（13） as crime （14）is their secret to high productivity．Besides， professional artists are constantly prepared to grab new ideas for the next painting， which they believe is sure to be better than the previous one． The belief that there is always room for （15） keeps driving them forward in the art world where many masters have come along．（1）A． step beyond B． turn off C． see through D． make up（2）A． rewarding B． tricky C． formal D． temporary（3）A． individually B． thoroughly C． instantly D． sincerely（4）A． unique B． superior C． practical D． reliable（5）A． acquire B． transfer C． imitate D． analyze（6）A． recent B． distinct C． modest D． logical（7）A． preservation B． employment C． adaption D． recognition（8）A． background B． significance C． motivation D． routine（9）A． To sum up B． In contrast C． In addition D． In general（10）A． academic B． global C． financial D． original（11）A． inspiration B． fame C． guidance D． solution（12）A． offended B． dominated C． distracted D． rewarded（13）A． studio B． bedroom C． garage D． garden（14）A． Reflection B． Devotion C． Creativity D． Illustration（15）A． negotiation B． profit C． criticism D． improvementSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C， and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．(★★★)I boarded a small plane together with my sister and 42other passengers． While flying over the mountains， the plane encountered violent airflow． Losing control suddenly， it hit an unknown mountain peak． The impact of the crash claimed the lives of a few passengers immediately， leaving many injured including my sister．Adding a slight chance of being found out， we waited in the open， as opposed to waiting in the plane， even though it was freezing cold． At night， we slept side by side to keep ourselves warm and melted snow into water． We knew our food couldn't last us long， sticking to the hope that we would be rescued soon．We knew from radio that the outside world was trying to look for the missing aircraft． However， the aircraft was white and blended in with the snow， making it impossible to be seen from the sky． Later， our hope was dead when we found out via our radio that the rescue effort ended．Now climbing over the mountains ourselves to search for help seemed to be our only chance of survival． Although the crash site was an awful place， with urine （尿）everywhere and smelling of death， I still wished to stay there． But my sister would give in to her injuries soon if we were not rescued． Thus， together with two other people， Canessa and Vizintin， I decided to walk through the icywilderness for help． Carrying some food and water， the three climbers started our journey． If we had known anything about climbing， we would have realized that we were already finished． The mountain we were about to challenge was one with slopes so steep that it would scare away a team of expert climbers． Our ignoranceprovided our only chance．We endured exhaustion and starvation and we had reached the top．To our horror， we found nothing． Disappointed， we were about to give up hope when I spotted a valley at the base of the mountain and again we started making our way down the mountain．Eventually， at the bottom of the mountain we were helped by a local farmer who called the police for help． I then guided the rescue team via a helicopter to the crash site． Finally， after we had endured nineteen cruel days， the world found out that there were 16survivors who [had cheated death despite the odds]．（1）Why did they stay outside the plane？A． Because they didn't want to stay with dead people inside．B． Because it's easier to obtain melted snow for water．C． Because they hoped to be seen by the rescue people．D． Because other passengers were against staying inside．（2）Why did the author leave the crash site despite his wish to stay？A． Because he could get help from two experienced climbers．B． Because his sister might die without timely medical help．C． Because the crash site was too terrible for him to stay in．D． Because he would like to be tested by the steep mountain slopes．（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？A． Rescue people didn't notice the aircraft because of its color at the beginning．B． The public knew where the plane crashed from the radio．C． The author gave up the climb halfway due to disappointment．D． More than half of the plane passengers were finally rescued．（4）The underlined sentence "had cheated death despite the odds "is closest in meaning to ．A． had told lies about death in spite of realityB． had avoided death in spite of huge difficultiesC． had treated death with positive attitudeD． had almost died in spite of strange expectation18．(★★★)Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless（不锈的） Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer（温度计） FGTHO 550by Rubbermaid Commercial Products 4.3 out of 5 stars 2，274 customer reviewsPrice：＄7.01Color： MetallicMade of wearable stainless steel， this oven thermometeris designed to endure the test of the toughest professional and home kitchens． The scale reads in both Fahrenheit and Celsius， and it features clearly marked temperature differences to aid accurate readings． Easy to install， the thermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger， so it can be suspended froman oven rail． Its self-standing design also allows it to stand upright on abaking pan in the oven．Easy-to-Read DialThis oven thermometer measures and displays true oven temperature， helping to ensure precise results when preparing food．Durable Stainless Steel DesignWith its stainless steel construction and rock-resistant lens， this thermometer withstands tough and repeated use． And with its long 10-year warranty，it's sure to become one of your kitchen mainstays．About manufacturerRubbermaid Commercial Products， headquartered in Winchester， Va， is a manufacturer of innovative， solution-based products for commercial andinstitutional markets worldwide． Since 1968， RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prep services， cleaning maintenance，waste handling， material transport， and safety products Product details．Product details• Product Dimensions： 6.1 x 45 x 1.5 inches； I pound• Domestic Shipping： Item can be shipped within U．S• International Shipping： This item can be shipped to selected countriesoutside of the U．S．[Learn More]• Amazon Best Sellers Rank：#1 in Home Kitchen＞[Oven Thermometers]special offers and product promotions• pay with your credit card or your Amazon． Com Gift Card．[Apply now．]（1）Which of the following features does the product enjoy？A It's made of quality plastic easy to be bent．B． It is assisted with electronic dial reading system．C． It could be positioned within the oven in two ways．D． It is resistant to shake and press（2）Which description about the product is true？A． It provides unconditional domestic and international shopping．B． It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on AmazonC． Over 3000 customers have commented on the product．D． It could be paid for only through credit card．（3）Which of the following products is NOT likely to be manufactured by Rubbermaid Commercial Products？A． Deskside Plastic Wastebasket．B． Airtight Snack ContainerC． Full Pan CarrierD． Over-ear Bass Sound Stereo Headphones19．(★★)Canada is a bilingual country with "co-official" languages． English and French enjoy equal status as the official languages of all federal government institutions in Canada． This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from， federal （联邦的）government institutions ineither English or French． Federal government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in designated bilingual regions．Like the United States， Canada started as a colony． Beginning in the 1500s，it was part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years' War． As a result， the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers： France and England． The Constitution （宪法）Act of 1867enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal courts． Years later， Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969， which reaffirmed the constitutional origins of its co-official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual-language status．Recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians． Among other benefits， the 1969 Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents， whether their native language was French or English． The general law also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country．The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status and use of the English and French languages within Canadian society and provides support to the development of English and French linguistic minority communities． However， the reality is that most Canadians speak English， and of course， many Canadians speak another language entirely．Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas， there are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language， so the government does not always offer services in French in those regions． Canadians use the phrase "where numbers warrant" to indicate whether a local population's language usage requires bilingual services from the federal government．While many Canadians are bilingual， they are not only speaking English or French． Statistic Canada finds that more than 200 languages that were not English or French， were reported as a language spoken by its people． About two-thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these languages also spoke either English or French．（1）The acceptance of two official languages in Canada is due to ．A． the language -using tradition caused by Canada's colonial history．B． the convenience for business dealings by using two languages in the country．C． the welcome attitude toward immigrates from all over the world．D． the mastery of two languages of Canadians because of school education．（2）In reality whether bilingual service provided by the federal government is necessary in different districts is decided by ．A． the legal order from the federal governmentB． the popularity of the language in the worldC． the number of schools teaching the languageD． the number of local people using the language（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？A． English has gained superior legal position to French because of bigger number of users in Canada．B． The legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969．C． Both French and English should be used on products in Canada according to federal law．D． Canadian people speak either French or English in social communication．（4）What is the main idea of the passage？A． The advantage of using multiple languages in CanadaB． The history and current situation of two language used in CanadaC． The disadvantaged status of the French language used in Canada．D． Canadians' advancement in balancing two languages in business world．Section C Directions： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentences can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．(★★★) Unit the 1980s， scientists were trained to ignore animal pain，according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness． However， today， scientists view humans as a species of animals， and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness． People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion．If you slap（掌击） another person in the face， you can estimate their pain level of self-awareness． People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion．If you slap（击掌） another person in the face， you can estimate their painlevel by what they do or say in response，（1） Gradually， scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals． Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs．But huge disagreement exists． For example， scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters（龙虾）feel pain． Some researchers argue lobsters are twodissimilar to vertebrates（脊椎动物）to feel pain． Nonetheless， lobsters dosatisfy all of the standards for a pain response． Lobsters guard their injuries，and learn to avoid dangerous situations．（2） In result， today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain．Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain， it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries． Currently， boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand． Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal， many restaurants prefer more humane methods．（3）To satisfy picky diners， more restaurants rule out the cruel cookingmethods． Stabbing a lobster in the head isn't a good option， as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious．Currently， the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun． This device electrocutes（点击） a lobster．（4） The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain． In contrast， it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts．IV. Summary Writing21．(★★★)Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．So， when you picked up a few things in a supermarket， a guy ran his cart over your toe with no apology． By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic， with a rude hand gesture or two， wasn't it a relief to get to the office？ The answer is a definite yes． It is found that most American people todaythink public rudeness is on the rise， and most see that as a "major problem．" Moreover， it's getting worse． Last year， people reported encountering an average of 6.2 instances per week of evil behavior． This year， the number had shot up to 10.6．The exception， it seems， is the Workshops． More than 90% of us see companiesoffices as． what is immune（免疫）to social bad manners． Workplaces are gettig more civil in many people's eyes． The reported cases of office incivility thisyear declined to 0.29%-markedly lower than cases of running into rudeness online （39%）， or while driving （also39%）．Of course， less-than-polite driving or letting loose with an online conduct code is， after all，unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion． However，being on one's best behavior in any professional field is generally a common-sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development．But there's more to it． Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice． CEOS， and managers at all levels， are now keen on cooperation． They are trying to build a ‘Best Places to Work' culture，to attract the best available talents． This emphasis on co-working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people．Nonetheless，a significant number of employees believe there's more to be done． Asked what changes they'd like to see，62% hope that"civility training will be continued"，looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners．V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.22．(★★★)您可联系校办公室了解更多信息．（contact）23．(★★★)玛丽迫不及待地要使用刚下载的软件．（wait）24．(★★★)维生素片能否替代食物为我们提供足够能量仍然未知．（remain）25．(★★★)尽管不同学科教师的教学风格不尽相同，他们都密切关注学生的发展．（vary）Ⅵ. Guided Writing26．(★★)Directions： Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．你是刘晓，你班本学期剩余一笔总额两千元的班费（class fee）结余．目前有两个使用方案：①为教室添置一台空气净化器（air cleaner）；②为每位同学订阅一份英语周刊（English Weekly）．给班委会（class committee）写一封信，谈谈你的看法．信中必须包括：●你赞同的方案；●你赞同该方案的理由；●你对于执行此方案的建议．（信中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）。
2019-2020学年上海市静安区塘沽学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市静安区塘沽学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA 21-year-old female student has become the youngest womanever to be elected as Mayor (市长) after first entering politics to campaign about food.Labor Party (工党) member Rosie Corrigan was elected as Mayor of Selby a market town in North Yorkshire, on Monday. The student’s election was unchallenged to the mayoralty, following a year serving as deputy mayor. Corrigan has just finished her second year studying politics at theUniversityofHull. A political activist since secondary school, lifelong Selby citizen Corrigan has always been ambitious. As a member of the UK Youth Parliament, she co-founded the Selby Youth council, and then went on to run for and win the local council election as a Labour candidate (候选人) aged just 18.Corrigan plan to use her year in office to further encourage political awareness in the youth of Selby. By breaking a political record of being the youngest woman ever elected inUKhistory, Corrigan hopes this will break the misunderstanding of Selby being a sleepy town with old-fashioned views. “It’s an honor to be the Mayor of my lovely hometown,” Corrigan told a newspaper. “I plan on using the year to encourage children and young people to champion their communities.”The politics student’s election has been supported whole heartedly by the politicians she has worked with throughout her early-developing career, including thebackingof former deputy Prime Minister (副首相) John Prescott. Simon Darvill said in an interview, “I hope that the success of Rosie and others like her encourages more young people to get involved in politics and change where they live for the better.”1. Which statement is true according to Paragraph 2?A. Corrigan is new to the political scene of Selby.B. Corrigan became interested in politics in childhood.C. Corrigan has been living in Selby since she was born.D. Corrigan founded the Selby Youth council by herself.2. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. Corrigan plans to further her time in office by at least a year.B. The people of Selby are passive and have out-of-date views.C. Corrigan is the youngest person ever elected inUKhistory.D. Corrigan intends to increase Selby’s youth’spolitical involvement.3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “backing” in Paragraph 4?A. ApprovalB. AppreciationC. PraiseD. SupportBI was at the hardware store the other day and overheard a woman tell Ed., the manager, that fall was her favorite time of year. Ed., because he liked to keep his customers happy, agreed that fall was a wonderful season, but I could tell he was lying.I was going through my mind recently, trying to find sweet memories of fall. I failed. I met my wife in the summer and married her two summers later. My sons were born in the winter and summer, my granddaughter in the winter. I’ve been fried twice in my life, both in fall. One October, a truck carrying tofu ran a red light and hit me, destroying my favorite car, combining the three things I most hate - trucks, tofu and October.I'm not saying fall is without its attractions. The leavesare beautiful. But fall's vacillation (立场摇摆)is troubling, its effort (努力)to please everyone, its continuous search for the middle ground to be all things to all people. Say what you will about summer and winter, at least they have the courage to keep their opinions strong, even if they kill us with extreme heat or cold.I recently read a story of a man coming out of a three-month coma (昏迷). It started in early fall and ended just as winter came. I hope if I were ever in a coma I would be just as lucky as the man.Upon my awakening, one of my families who stood around my bed would ask. "Don't you remember anything from the past three months?""Not the first thing," I would happily report.If I ever have enough money. I'm going to buy a second home inAustralia, so that when fall starts here, I can move there for three months, just when spring is starting.4. What did Ed think of the customers words according to the author?A. Ed understood them and supported the customer completely.B. Ed might hold a different opinion on the topic.C. Ed believed the customer wasn't telling the truth.D. Ed thought they stood for most peoples' opinion.5. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.The author has a big and loving family.B. The author is having a hard time at work.C. It is important to follow the rules of the road.D. Nothing good has happened to the author in fall.6. Why does the author say the man in Paragraph 4 was lucky?A. Because he slept fall away.B. Because he ho sweet memories of fall.C. Because hedreamed of fill many times.D. Because he was met by his family when waking up.7. Which of the following does the author most want to do?A. Drivetracks.B. Eat tofu dishes.C. Watch leaves falling in fall.D. Move toAustraliain October.CWhile space travel still gets lot of attention, not enough attention has been paid to the exploration of oceans, about which we know much less than the dark side of the moon.Ninety percent of the ocean floor has not even been recorded and while we have been to the moon, the technology to explore the ocean's floors is still being developed. For example, a permanent partially-underwater sea exploration station, called the Sea Orbiter, is currently in development.The oceans play a major role in controlling our climate. But we have not learned yet how to use them to cool us off rather than contribute to our overheating. Ocean organisms are said to hold the promise of cures for a wide of the unique eyes of skate (ray fish) led to advances in conquering blindness, the horseshoe crab was important in developing a test for bacterial pollution, and sea urchins helped in the development of test-tube fertilization(人工授精). The toadfish's' ability to regenerate its central nervous system is of much interest to neuroscientists. A recent Japanese study concluded that the drug Eribulin, which was taken from sea sponges, is effective in fighting with breast, colon, and Urinary cancer.Given the approaching crisis of water insufficiency, we badly need to improve current methods, of desalinating(淡化) ocean water and make them more efficient and less costly. By 2025, 1.8 billion people are expected to suffer from severe water shortage, with that number jumping to 3. 9 billion by 2050-well over a third of the entire global population.If the oceansdo not make your heart go beating faster, how about engineering a bacterium that eats carbondioxide — and thus helps protect the world from overheating — and produces fuel which will allow us to drive our cars and machines, without oil? I cannot find any evidence that people young or old, Americans or citizens of other nations would be less impressed or less inspired with such a breakthrough than with one more set of photos of a faraway galaxy or a whole Milky Way full of stars.8. What does the author think about the ocean exploration?A. It is equal to the space exploration.B. It is well developed.C. It deserves more attention and devotion.D. It is beyond our knowledge.9. What technology has been developed to make use of the oceans?A. Curing human diseases with ocean organisms.B. Preventing the world getting warmer.C. Mapping the global ocean floor.D. Removing salt from sea water.10. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?A. The temperature rise will be overcome by a bacterium.B. Solving the existing problems is more significant.C. The space exploration is worth the efforts.D. The ocean exploration is not inspiring.11. What is the best title of the passage?A. Oceans, the Last Hope.B. Oceans, the Hidden Treasure.C. Space, the Final Frontier.D. Space, the Faraway Dream.DChancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne said yesterday he would use the autumn spending review to increase Britain’s￡12bn-a-year aid budget towards humanitarian(人道主义的) causes in the wake of the European refugee(难民) crisis.Britainpromised to spend 0.7 percent of state general product on aid, meaning the budget could rise sharply by the end of the decade as the economy grows.Mr Osborne also said more of the aid budget could be given to help local government with housing costs for incomers, without breaking international guidelines.“We will use the foreign aid budget to help with the costs of these refugees. People ask about the pressure on public services; we’ll have extra money to help with that.”The government was unable to give a figure for how much aid money could be handed to local authorities: it would depend on how many refugees are accepted.David Cameron, Prime Minister, will set out his position on aid for refugees today. It is reported thatBritainwill accept at least 10,000 extra people from camps on theSyriaborder. He will use a statement in the House of Commons to flesh out plans — announced inMadridon Friday — to take more people.A report inThe Sunday Timesthat the UK would take 15,000 Syrians, not far from the 18,000 figure demanded by the EU, was described by “Downing Street” as a “guess”.TheUKwill offer to resettle Syrians directly from refugee camps inJordan,LebanonandTurkey— but not those who have already reached the EU.12. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Britain tried to help refugees.B. People doubtBritain’s kindness.C. Britain tried to explain its behavior.D. Refugees like to live inBritain.13. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?A. Britain’s economy grows rapidly.B. Britain will use little of its money to help refugees.C. Most countries are not willing to help refugees.D.Britainwill use more money to help refugees.14. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Britain will use foreign money to help refugees.B. Britain helps refugees following international guidelines.C. Britain will use foreign money to develop themselves.D. People ask to use public service money to help refugees.15. What can we know from the passage?A. Britain can hold 10,000 refugees at most.B. The number of refugees to be received is uncertain.C. House of Commons declare a general plan.D.Britaincan hold 15,000 refugees at most.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。