非谓语动词作定语讲解及学习练习.docx

非谓语动词作定语

一．不定式作定语

1.不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last 等修饰的名词和其他一些名词、

代词之后。其中，不定式的一般式通常表示的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作。

例如： She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.

2.如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系，在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介

词。

例如： Let's first find a room to live in / to put the things in.

We have nothing to worry about. (=There is nothing for us to worry about.)

3. 不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时, 若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主

语 , 则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。（本结构是高考常考点）例

如： I have a lot of things to do today. ( I ... do ... things)

Have you got anything to say at the meeting? ( you... say ... anything)

Here is a letter to be taken to Mr. Li.

在 there be 句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思不同。

比较： There is nothing to do at present.(=We have nothing to do at present.)

There is nothing to be done at present.(= We can do nothing at present.)

二． -ing 分词作定语

1.单个的 -ing 分词作定语一般,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等；-ing 短语作定语一

般；强调动作的单个-ing 分词也常后置。

例如： a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping )

a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping )

the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there )

The girl singing is my classmate.

2.-ing 分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作或是在说话时该动

作，否则，要用从句作定语。

例如： Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher?

Did you notice the boy sitting (= who was sitting) at this desk yesterday?

The man shaking (= who is now shaking) hands with Mr. Li visited our class yesterday.

比较：误： He is the man visiting our class yesterday.

正： He is the man who visited our class yesterday.

三． -ed 分词作定语

1. -ed 分词作定语一般表示一个动作，-in分词表示一个动作, -ing分词的被动式

则表示一个的动作。

例如： a developed/developing country

He is a student loved by all the teachers.

The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school.

2.像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。例如： The students, wearing their school uniforms, marched into the playground.

The substance, discovered almost by accident,has greatly changed the world.

非谓语动词做定语

1.Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ______first is the library.

A. repaired

B. being repaired

C. repairing

D. to be repaired

2.I'm calling to enquire about the position ________ in yesterday's China Daily.

A. advertised

B. to be advertised

C. advertising

D. having advertised

3.After she completes the project, she’ ll have ________.

A. nothing to worry about

B. nothing to worry

C. nothing to be worried about

D. nothing worrying about

4.His first book______ next month is based on a true story.

A. published

B. to be published

C. to publish

D. being published

5.The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.

A. saved

B. saving

C. to be saved

D. having saved

6.A great number of students ______ said they were forced to practise the piano.

A. to question

B. to be questioned

C. questioned

D. questioning

7.They built a house _____.

A. of the things to put in

B. of the things to be put in

C. for the things to put in

D. for the things to be put in

8. That is the only way we can imagine__ the overuse of water in students'

bathrooms.

A. reducing

B. to reduce

C. reduced

D. reduce

9.There is a great deal of evidence ______that music activities engage different

parts of the brain.

A. indicate

B. indicating

C. to indicate

D. to be indicating

10.We are invited to a party ______in our club next Friday.

A. to be held

B. held

C. being held

D. holding

11.The trees ________ in the storm have been moved off the road.

A. being blown down

B. blown down

C. blowing down

D. to blow down

12.I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this term.

A. completing

B. to complete

C. completed

D. being completed

13.With the world changing fast, we have something new ______with all by ourselves

every day.

A. deal

B. dealt

C. to deal

D. dealing

14.The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.

A. rose

B. rising

C. to rise

D. risen

15.The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more

responsibility for the education of their children.

A. forced

B. forcing

C. to be forced

D. having forced

16.On receiving a phone call from his wife _____ she had a fall, Mr Gordon

immediately rushed home from office.

17.The players ____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this

summer game .

A. selecting

B. to select

C. selected

D. having selected