Pregnancy Discrimination in the European Union在欧盟怀孕歧视-PPT课件
专业词汇中英文对照1
第二部分专业词汇中英文对照AAccept error 错误地接受，不该接受而接受Acceptance sampling 接收抽样Accommodation 顺应（对待冲突的策略）Accuracy and effective control systems 准确性和有效控制系统Achievement-oriented leader 成就导向型领导者Acid-test ratios 速动比率Acquisition 兼并，购入，收购Active listening 积极倾听Activities 活动Activity-based accounting (ABC) 基于活动的会计核算Adhocracy 专家委员会式的组织，有机式组织Adjourning 解体Advertisement 广告Affective component of an attitude态度的情感成分Affiliation and groups 归属和群体Affirmative action programs 确认行动计划Age Discrimination in Employment Act 反就业年龄歧视法案Agreeableness 随和Agriculture 农业Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)美国人对待残疾法案Analytic decision-making style 分析型决策制定风格Anthropology courses 人类学教程（课程）Application form 申请表Arab leaders 阿拉伯籍领导者Ascribed status 归因性地位，从属性地位Assertiveness 专断，肯定Assessing environment 环境评估Assessor-developers 评估者——开发者Assumed similarity 假定相似性Attentional processes 注意过程Attitudes 态度Attractiveness 吸引力Attribute sampling 属性抽样Attribution theory 归因理论Audits 审计Australia 澳大利亚Authority 职权，权威Autocratic style of leadership 专制型领导Automation and repetitive task 自动化和重复性工作Autonomy 自主性，自主权Availability heuristic 只利用现有信息决策的取巧途径，以易代难倾向Avoidance 回避BBackground investigation 背景调查Bargaining 讨价还价，争价，谈判Bargaining strategies 争价策略，谈判策略Bargaining zone 讨价还价区，争价区，谈判区Barriers 障碍Basic corrective action 彻底纠错行动Behavioral component of an attitude态度的行为成分Behavioral decision-making style 行为型决策制定风格Behavioral science theorists 行为科学理论家Behavioral symptoms 行为表征Behavioral theories of leadership 领导的行为理论Behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS)行为定位评分法Benchmarkng 标杆瞄准，基准化Benefits 福利，效益，收益Big-five model 决定性五因素模型Biographical data 生平数据Blue-collar workers 蓝领工人Body language 身体语言Borderless organization 无界组织（内部）Boss 上司，老板Boundaryless organization 无边界组织Bounded rationality 有限理性Brainstorming 头脑风暴法Break-even analysis 盈亏平衡分析Budget 预算Bureaucracy 官僚行政组织Bureaucratic control 行政控制Business Insight 商业眼光，商业洞察力Business plan 商业计划CCalm waters metaphor “风平浪静”观Canada 加拿大Career 职业生涯Center for creative leadership in North Carolina 北卡罗莱纳创造型领导中心Centrality and power 中央和权力Centralization 集权化，集权Certainty 确定性Chain of command 指挥链Change 变革Change agent 变革推动者Change process 变革过程Channel 渠道Chaos 混乱，混沌Chaotic change 混乱的变化Characteristics 特征，特点Charismatic leadership 魅力型领导Charismatic leadership theory 魅力型领导理论Chile 智利China 中国Civil Rights Act 民权法案Clan control 家族控制Classical approach 经典观念，经典学派Client\servers 客户/服务器Closed system 封闭系统Coach 教练Code of ethics 道德规范Coercion and reducing resistance to change 强制以减少变革的阻力Coercive power 强制权力，强制权Cognitive component of an attitude态度的认知成分Cognitive dissonance 认知失调Cohesiveness and productivity 内聚力与生产率Collaboration 合作Collective bargaining agreement 集体谈判协议Collectivism 集体主义College courses 大学课程，大学教程Colombia 哥伦比亚Combination strategy 组合战略Commitment 承诺，义务Communication 沟通Communication apprehension 沟通疑虑Communication process 沟通过程Communications and diversity 沟通和多样性Comparison referent 对比指标Compensation administration 薪酬管理Compensation and benefits 薪酬和福利Competencies 技能，专长，能力，胜任特征Competency-based compensation 基于能力的报酬Competitive advantage 竞争优势Competitive intelligence 竞争对手情报（收集）Competitive strategy 竞争战略Compressed workweek 压缩工作周Compromise 妥协Computer-aided design (CAD) 计算机辅助设计Computer monitoring 计算机监控Conceptual competencies 概念技能，抽象能力Concluder-producers 推论者——生产者Concurrent control 并行控制，同期控制Conditional maintenance 条件维护Conflict 冲突Conflict management 冲突管理Conflict reduction 冲突减少Conflict-handling style 冲突处理风格Conforming and group decision-making 一致与群体决策Conformity 一致性Conscientiousness 正直Consideration 关心Consistency 一贯性Constitution 宪法，法律Consultation 顾问，咨询Contemporary theories of motivation 当代激励理论Contingency approach 权变观念，权变学派Contingency variables 权变变量Contingent work force 应急工Contingent workers 临时工Continuous improvements 持续改进，不断改进Continuous improvement methods持续改进方法Contract workers 合同工Control 控制Control process 控制过程Controller-inspectors 控制者——检查者Controlling 控制（职能）Cooperativeness 合作Cooptation/manipulation and reducing resistance to change 增选/操纵以减少变革的阻力Core competency 核心专长Core employees 核心员工Corporate stars 企业明星Corrective action and effective control systems 纠错行动和有效控制系统Cost control 成本控制Cost-benefit analysis 成本效益分析Cost-center approach 成本中心法Cost-leadership strategy 成本领先战略Counseling employees 员工咨询Country-club management 乡村俱乐部型管理Court cases 法庭案件Cover letters 自荐信Creativity 创造力Creator-innovators 创造者——创新者Credibility 信度Critical incidents 关键事件Critical path 关键路径Criticism of planning 对计划的批评Cross-functional work team 跨职能型工作团队Cultural differences and motivation 文化差异和动机Cultural environment 文化氛围，文化环境Culture 文化Culture and personality 文化与个性Current ratio 流动比率Curriculums 课程Custom manufacturing 定制生产Customer departmentalization 按顾客划分部门Customer service 顾客服务Cyberspeak 电脑语言DData 数据Debt-to-assets ratio 资产负债率Decentralization 分权化，分权Decision criteria 决策准则Decision implementation 决策实施Decision-making aids and techniques 决策制定辅助技术Decision-making process 决策制定过程Decision trees 决策树Decisional roles 决策角色Decisions 决策Decline career stage 职业生涯衰退阶段Decoding 解码Decruitment 解聘Delegating style 授权风格Delegation 授权Democratic style of leadership 民主型领导Denmark 丹麦Departmentalization 部门划分Depression 不景气，沮丧Designs 设计Deterrence-based trust 基于威慑的信任Developing a Management Skill 发展管理技能Development 发展Devil’s advocate吹毛求疵者Differences 差异，不同Differentiation strategy 差异化战略Dimensions 维度Direct costs 直接成本Directional plans 指导性计划Directive decision-making style 指导型决策制定风格Directive leader 指导型领导Discipline 纪律Discretion 谨慎，决策Disseminator role 传播者角色Distribution technology 销售（分配）技术Distinctive competency 独特专长Distributive bargaining 零和分配争价（结局）Disturbance-handler role 故障排除者角色Diversity 多样化Division of labor 劳动分工Division of work 专业化Divisional structure 事业部型结构Downsizing 缩小规模Dress codes 着装规范Driving forces 驱动力Dysfunctional conflict 功能失调的冲突Dysfunctional side of controls 控制的功能失调方面Ee-commerce 电子商务Economic order quantity model (EOQ)经济定货批量模型Economics 经济学Economy 经济Economy and effective control systems 经济性和有效控制系统Education/communication and reducing resistance to change 教育/沟通以减少变革的阻力Effectiveness 效果Efficiency 效率Effort-performance linkage 努力--绩效的关系Electronic meeting 电子会议Elements 要素，元素E-mail 电子邮件Emotional stability 情绪稳定Emotion intelligence (EI) 情商Emotions and effective communication 情绪和有效沟通Empathy 心领神会Employee assistance programs (EAPs)员工帮助计划Employee benefits 员工福利Employee counseling 员工咨询Employee development 员工发展Employee leasing 员工租用Employee monitoring 员工监督Employee oriented 员工导向的Employee referrals 员工推荐Employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs)员工持股计划Employee training 员工培训Employee-oriented 面向员工的Employment planning 雇佣计划Empowering 赋权Empowerment and leadership 赋权和领导Empowerment skills 赋权技能Encoding 编码End-users 终用户，终端用户Entrepreneur role 企业家角色Entrepreneurial spirit 企业家精神，创业精神Entrepreneurs 企业家，创业家Entrepreneurship 创业Environment 环境Environment affecting structure 环境影响结构Environmental scanning 环境扫描Environmental sensitivity and charismatic leadership 环境敏感性和魅力型领导Epirit de corps 团结精神Equal Pay Act 平等工资法案Equity theory 公平理论Escalation of commitment 过度承诺Establishment 建立Esteem needs 尊重需要Ethics 道德Ethnocentric view 以自我为中心的观点Europe 欧洲Events 事件Exceptions and effective control systems 例外和有效控制系统Expectancy theory 期望理论Expert power 专家权力，专长权Expert systems 专家系统Exploration （职业发展的）探索期Explorer-promoters 探索者——促进者Extinction 消除Extroversion 外向FFacilitation/support and reducing resistance to change 促进/支持以减少变革的阻力Fair labor standards 公平劳动标准Family and Medical Leave Act 家庭和医疗假期法案Family-friendly benefits 家庭福利Fayol’s 14法约尔14项管理原则Feedback 反馈Feedback control 反馈控制Feedforward control 前馈控制Fiedler contingency model 菲德勒权变模型Figurehead 挂名首脑Filtering and effective communication 过滤和有效沟通Financial control 财务控制Finland 芬兰First-line manager 基层管理者，一线管理者Fixed-internal recording systems 定期定货系统Fixed-point recording system 定点定货系统Flexibility 灵活性Flexible manufacturing systems 柔性制造系统Flextime 弹性工作时间Focus strategy 集中化战略Forces for change 变革动力Forcing 强制Forecasting pro 预测者Forecasting techniques 预测技术Forecasts 预测Forensic Accountant Newsletter 会计论坛Forming 形成France 法国Franchising 特许Functional conflict 职能冲突Functional departmentalization 按职能划分部门Functional structure 职能型结构Functional teams 职能型团队Fundamental attribution error 基本归因错误GGender differences in leadership 领导中的性别差异Gender issues in the communication 沟通过程中的性别问题Gantt Chart 甘特图General administrative theorists 一般行政管理理论家General administrative theory 一般行政管理理论Generic strategies 通用战略，一般战略Geographic departmentalization 按地区划分部门Getting into an organization 加入一个组织Global village 地球村Goal achievement and groups 目标成就和群体Good work performance 良好的工作环境Grand strategies 总体战略Grapevine 小道消息Graphic rating scales 评分表法Group 群体，小组Group behavior 群体行为Group cohesiveness 群体内聚力Group decision making 群体决策Group order ranking 分组排序法Groups and work design 群体和工作设计Groupthink 趋同思维Groupware 组件Growth strategy 增长战略HHalo effect 晕轮效应Hawthorne Studies 霍桑实验Healthy work environment 健康的工作环境Heuristics 取巧途径，倾向Hierarchy of needs theory 需要（求）层次理论Historical roots of contemporary management practices 当代管理实践的历史根源How to win friends and influence people (Carnegie) 如何赢得朋友和影响他人（卡耐基）Humanities/social science courses affecting management practices 人类学/社会科学课程对管理实践的影响Holland’s Typology and Occupations 霍兰德拓扑结构和职业Horizontal structure 横向结构，水平结构Human competencies 人际技能，人际能力Human relations view of conflict 冲突的人际关系观点Human resource approach 人力资源观念，人力资源学派Human resource inventory report 人力资源储备报告Human resource management(HRM)人力资源管理Hungary 匈牙利Hygiene factors 保健因素IIceberg metaphor 冰山比喻Identification-based trust 基于认同的信任Ill-structured problems 非结构化问题Image 形象Immediate corrective action 立即纠错行动Immigration Reform and Control Act 移民改革和控制法案Impersonality 非人性Impoverished management 贫乏型管理Impression management 印象管理Improvement 改善Incentives 刺激，激励Incremental budget 增量预算Incubation and innovation 孵化与创新India 印度Independent contractors 独立的立约者，独立签约人Indirect costs 间接成本Individual ranking approach 个人排序法Individuals into team players 个人变为团队成员Individualism 个人主义Industrial Revolution 产业革命Information control systems 信息控制系统Information technology 信息技术Informational power 信息力量Informational roles 信息角色Initiating structure 定规结构Initiative 初创，原创Innovation 创新Integrative bargaining 共赢争价（结局）Integrity 正直Intelligence 情报，智力Interactionist view of conflict 冲突的相互作用观点Intergroup development 团际发展，组际发展Internal audit 内部审计Internal forces 内部力量Internal search 内部搜寻International management 国际管理International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织International symbol 国际通用符号Internet 因特网Internships 见习，实习Interpersonal communication 人际沟通Interpersonal demands 人际需求Interpersonal roles 人际角色Interpersonal skills 人际技能Interview 面试，访谈Intrapreneurs 内企业家，内部创业者Inventory ordering systems 库存定货系统Inventory turnover ratios 库存周转率Ireland 爱尔兰ISO 9000 series ISO 9000 系列JJapan 日本Jargon 技术用语Job analysis 职务分析，工作分析Job characteristics model (JCM) 职务特征模型，工作特征模型Job description 职务描述，工作描述Job involvement 工作投入Job morphing 职务形态，工作形态Job rotation 职务轮换，工作转换Job satisfaction 工作满意感Job sharing 职务分担，工作分担（分享）Job specification 职务说明，工作说明Jobs and personality 职务与个性，工作与个性Jobs 工作Just-in-time (JIT) inventory systems 准时制库存系统KKaizen 改善Kanban 看板Karoshi 劳累过度而猝死Knowledge-based trust 基于知识的信任Knowledge workers 知识工人Korea 韩国LLabor-management relations and teams 劳资关系与团队Laissez-faire style of leadership 自由放任型领导Language 语言Language and effective communication 语言和有效沟通Late career 职业后期Lateral thinking 横向考虑，横向思维Layoff-survivor sickness 裁员幸存者心态Layoffs 裁员Leader-member relations 领导者成员关系Leader-participation model 领导者参与模型Leaders 领导者Leadership 领导Leading 领导（职能）Learning 学习Least-preferred co-worker (LPC) questionnaire 最难共事者问卷Legislation 合法，法律Legitimate power 合法权力，合法权Leverage ratios 财务杠杆比率Liaison roles 联络者角色Liaisons with external constituencies 外部客户联络者Like-me effect （在想象别人时，认为别人）与自己相象的效果Line authority 直线职权Linear programming 线性规划Links of suppliers 供应商联系Linkers 联系者Liquidity ratio 流动比率Load chart 负荷图Locus of control 控制中心Long-term plans 长期计划Loyalty 忠心，忠诚MMachiavellianism 马基雅维里主义Maintenance control 维护控制Management 管理Management-by-objectives (MBO)目标管理Management-by-walking around走动管理Management competencies 管理能力Management functions 管理职能Management information systems (MIS) 管理信息系统Management process 管理过程，管理职能Management rights 管理权力Management roles 管理角色Management skills 管理技能Managerial grid 管理方格Managers 管理者，经理Mandatory Retirement Act 强制退休法案Market control 市场控制Marketplace putting importance on managers 市场机制决定了管理者的重要性Matrix structure 矩阵结构Mature teams 成熟团队Maximax/maximin choices 优中选优/劣中选优Measuring 度量，衡量Measuring performance 衡量业绩Mechanistic organization 机械式组织Mentors 导师，教练Merger 合并，并入Message 消息Mexico 墨西哥Midcareer 职业中期Mideast 中东Middle-manager 中层管理者Middle-of-the-road management 中庸之道型管理Minimum wage employees and motivation 最低工资员工和激励Minority domination and group decision making 少数人支配（控制）和群体决策制定Mission statement 使命陈述Monitor role 监督角色Monitoring 监督Morphing 形态Moscow 莫斯科Motivating potential score (MPS) 激励潜力得分Motivation 动机Motivation-hygiene theory 激励保健理论Motivators 激励因素Motor reproduction process 机械再现过程，动力复制过程Multinational corporations (MNCs)多国公司Multiperson comparison 多人比较法Multiple criteria and effective control systems 多重标准和有效控制系统Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)迈耶—布里格斯类型指标NNational borders 国界National cultural differences 民族文化差异National Labor Relations Act 全国劳动力关系法案National Labor Relations Board 全国劳动力关系委员会Need 需要Need for achievement (nAch) 成就需要Need for affiliation (nAff) 归属需要Need for power (nPow) 权力需要Negative feedback 负反馈Negative reinforcement 负强化Negotiation 谈判Negotiator role 谈判者角色Netherlands 荷兰Network organization 网络组织Networking 网络化Neural network 神经网络New Deal 新政New Zealand 新西兰Noise 噪声Nominal group technique 名义群体（决策）技术Nonprogrammed decisions 非程序化决策Nonverbal cues 非语言暗示Norming 规范Norms 规范Not-for-profit vs. Profit organizations 非赢利性与赢利性组织OObjectives 目标Observation 观察Obsolescence 过时Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 职业安全和健康法案On-the-job training methods 在职培训方法Openness to experience 公开经历Open system 开放系统Operant conditioning 操作性条件反射，操作制约Operating ratios 经营比率Operations control 作业控制Operations management 作业管理Operations research (OR) 运筹学Operations technology 作业技术Operatives 操作者Opportunities 机会Oral communication 口头交流Oral reports 口头报告Order in Fayol's principles of management法约尔管理原则的顺序Orders 命令Organic organization 有机式组织Organization behavior (OB) 组织行为Organization culture 组织文化Organization design 组织设计Organization development (OD) 组织发展Organization size and structure 组织规模与结构Organizational performance and planning 组织绩效与计划Organizing 组织（职能）Orientation 导向，定向Outsourcing 业务外包PPaired comparison approach 两两比较法，配对比较法Pakistan 巴基斯坦Parochialism 狭隘观念Participating style 参与风格Participation and reducing resistance to change 参与以减少变革的阻力Participative leader 参与型领导者Part-time employees 兼职员工Path-goal theory 路径目标理论Pay-for-performance 业绩工资（制）Payoff matrices 工资矩阵Perception 知觉Performance appraisals methods 绩效评估方法Performance evaluations 绩效评估Performance management systems 绩效管理系统Performance-reward linkage 绩效—报酬的关系Performance-simulation tests 绩效模拟测试Performing 执行Personal differences and conflicts 个人差异和冲突Personal factors leading to stress 导致压力的个人因素Personality 个性Personalized service 个性化服务Philippines 菲律宾共和国Philosophy courses 哲学教程（课程）Physical examination 身体检查Physiological needs 生理需要Physiological symptoms 生理表征Plan 计划Plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle 计划执行核查行动圈Planning 计划（职能）Policy 政策Political competencies 政治交往能力Political science studies 政治科学研究Political skills 政治技能Polygraph Protection Act 测谎器（使用）保护法案Portugal 葡萄牙Position power 职位权力Positive expectation 正期望，肯定的期望Positive feedback 正反馈Positive reinforcement 正强化Power 权力Power distance 权力差距Pregnancy Discrimination Act （反）孕期歧视法案Presentation skills 表现技能Preventive maintenance 预防维护Principles of management 管理原则Principles of Scientific Management 科学管理原则Privacy Act 隐私权法案Private employment agencies 私人就业代理Problem 问题Problem-solving teams 解决问题团队，问题解决型团队Procedure 程序Process 过程，流程Process approach 过程观念，过程学派Process consultation 过程咨询Process control 过程控制Process departmentalization 按流程划分部门Process value analysis 过程（流程）价值分析Product departmentalization 按产品划分部门Product distribution 产品分配Production-oriented 面向生产的Productivity 生产率Profit-margin-on-revenues ratios 边际销售利润率Profitability ratios 盈利性比率Program evaluation and review technique (PERT) 计划评审技术PERT network PERT 网络Programmed decisions 程序化决策Project management 项目管理Psychological needs 心理需要Psychological symptoms 心理表征Psychology courses 心理学教程（课程）Public employment agencies 公共就业代理机构Public speaking 公开演讲Punishment 惩罚Purchasing costs 采购成本Pygmalion effect 自我实现效应QQualities of employees 员工的能力Qualitative forecasting 定性预测Quality circles 质量小组Quality control 质量控制Quality of life 生活的质量，追求质量的生活观念Quantitative approach 定量方法Quantitative forecasting 定量预测Quantity of life 生活的数量，追求物质的生活观念Queuing theory 排队论RRange of variation （允许）差异范围Ratio analyses 比率分析Rational 理性的，合理的Rational decision making 理性决策Rationality 理性，合理性Readiness 意愿Realistic job preview (RJP) 真实的工作预览Reasonable criteria and effective control systems 合理的标准和有效控制系统Receiver 接收者Recruiting sources 招聘来源Recruitment 招聘Reducing stress 减少压力Reengineering 再造Referent 参量Referent power 参考权力，感召权Referrals 推荐Reinforcement 强化Reject error 错误地拒绝，不该拒绝而拒绝Reliability 可靠性，可靠度Remedial maintenance 补救维护Remuneration 报酬Repetitive tasks 重复性任务Representative heuristic 只依据自己熟悉的事物判断与决策的取巧途径，以偏盖全倾向Resistance to change 变革抵制力量，变革障碍Resource allocator role 资源分配角色Responsibility 职责，责任Restraining forces 约束力Resume preparation 简历准备Retention processes 保持过程Retrenchment strategy 收缩战略Return-on-investment ratios 投资收益率Revenue forecasting 收入预测Reward power 奖赏权力，奖赏权Reward systems 奖励机制Rights view of ethics 道德的权利观Rightsizing 规模调整Risk 风险Robotics 机器人学Role 角色Routineness of task technology 作业技术的常规性Rule 准则，规则Russia 俄罗斯SSafety and health 安全和健康Safety needs 安全需要Salaries 工资Sampling techniques 抽样技术Satisfaction-dissatisfaction continuum 满意—不满意连续体Scalar Chain 等级链Scanning 扫描Scenario 情境Scheduling 进度计划Scheduling devices 计划工具Scheduling options 进度计划可选方案School placements 学校分配Scientific management 科学管理Security and groups 安全和群体Selection process 选择过程Selective perception 选择性知觉，选择性感受Selectivity 选择Self-actualization needs 自我实现需要Self-awareness 自我意识Self-confidence and charismatic leadership 自信和魅力型领导Self-esteem 自尊Self-fulfilling prophesy 自我实现Self-interest concept 利己主义观念Self-managed work teams 自我管理型工作团队Self-management 自我管理Self-monitoring 自我监控Self-motivation 自我激励Self-serving bias 自我服务偏见，完全靠自己成功的偏见Selling style 推销风格Sensitivity to differences 差异敏感性Service organization 服务型组织Sexual harassment 性骚扰Shaping behavior 行为塑造Short-term plans 短期计划Shortcuts 捷径Similarity 相似性，类似Simple structure 简单结构Simulation exercise 模拟练习Singapore 新加坡Single-use plans 一次性计划Situational approach 情境观念，情境学派Situational leadership 情境领导Six sigma 六σ（一种管理理念）Size and structure 规模与结构Size of a group 群体规模Size of the organization 组织规模Skill variety 技能多样性Skills 技能Slack time 松弛时间，富余时间Small business 小企业Social events shaping management approaches 社会事件推动管理学派的发展，社会事件形成管理方法Social information processing (SIP) model 社会信息处理模型Social learning theory 社会学习理论Social loafing 滥竽充数现象Social needs 社会需要Social obligation 社会义务Social responsibility 社会责任Social responsiveness 社会响应Social security 社会安全Social skills 社会技能Sociology studies 社会学研究Software 软件South Africa 南非Span of control 管理幅度Specific plans 具体计划Spokesperson role 发言人角色Stability of tenure of personnel 人员任期的稳定性Stability strategy 稳定战略Staff authority 参谋职权Staffing 人员配备Stages 阶段Stakeholders 利害相关者，利益相关者Standing plan 常用性计划，长期使用计划Status 地位Stereotyping 墨守陈规，因循守旧Storming 震荡Strategic alliances 战略联盟Strategic human resource planning (SHRP)战略人力资源计划Strategic human resource management process 战略人力资源管理过程Strategic management process 战略管理过程Strategic placement and effective control systems 战略地位和有效控制系统Strategic plans 战略计划Strategy and structure 战略与结构Strengths 优势Stress 压力Stressors 压力因素Structure 结构Stuck-in-the-middle strategy 中间战略Styles 风格Subordination of individual interests to the general interest 个人利益服从集体利益Supervision 监督Supervisor 监督者Supply chain management 供应链管理Supportive leader 支持型领导Survey feedback 调查反馈Sweden 瑞典Switzerland 瑞士SWOT analysis SWOT分析Symptoms of stress 压力表征Systems approach 系统观念，系统学派TTactical plans 战术计划Task complexity 任务复杂性Task demands 任务要求Task identity 任务同一性Task management 任务管理Task significance 任务重要性Task structure 任务结构Team building 团队建设Team 团队Team-based structure 基于团队的结构Team management 团队管理Technical competencies 技术专长，业务技能Technical employees 技术员工Techniques 技术Technological forecasting 技术预测Technology 技术Technology transfer 技术转让Telecommuting 电子化“通勤”Telling style 指示风格Temporary employees 临时员工Temporary help services 临时辅助服务Ten Commandments 十诫Theory of justice view of ethics 道德公正观理论Theory X X 理论Theory Y Y 理论Therbligs 基本动作元素Threats 威胁Three-needs theory 三种需要理论360-degree appraisal 360 评估Thruster-organizers 推进者——组织者Timeliness and effective control systems 及时和有效控制系统Time management 时间管理Time-interest-earned ratio 已获利息倍数Titles 头衔Top managers 高层管理者Total assets turnover ratio 总资产周转率Total quality management 全面质量管理Traditional view of conflict 冲突的传统观点Training methods 培训方法Trait theories of leadership 领导的特质理论Traits 性格，特质Transactional leaders 事务型领导Transformation process 变革过程，转换过程Transformational leaders 变革型领导Transnational corporations (TNCs)跨国公司Troubleshooters 麻烦解决者Trust 信任Type A personality type A型个性Type B personality type B型个性Types of control 控制类型Types of plans 计划类型UUncertainty 不确定性Uncertainty avoidance 不确定性规避Understandability and effective control systems 可理解性和有效控制系统Understudy assignment 实习，见习Unified commitment 一致的承诺Uniformity 一致Unions 工会Unity of command 统一指挥Universal applicability of management activities 管理活动的普遍适用性Upholder-maintainers 支持者——维护者Utilitarian view of ethics 道德功利主义观，功利的道德观VValidity 效度Variability 可变性Variable sampling 随机抽样Venezuela 委内瑞拉Verbal intonation 语调Vestibule training 仿真培训Video conference 视频会议，电视会议Vietnam 越南Views 观点Violence 暴力Virtual team 虚拟团队Virtual workplace 虚拟工作环境Visible 明显的，可见的Visionary leadership 富于远见的领导WWeakness 劣势Wealth of nations (Smith) 国富论（史密斯）Well-structured problems 结构化问题Wellness programs 福利计划White water rapids metaphor “急流险滩”观Withholding information 保留信息，截留信息Work design 工作设计Work environment 工作环境Work force diversity 工作人员多样性Work group 工作群体Work process engineering 工作流工程Work schedule options 工作进度可选方案，工作进度备选方案Work specialization 工作专业化，劳动分工Work teams 工作团队Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act 工人调整与再培训通知法案Workflow automation 工作流自动化Workshop 研讨培训班Written communication 书面交流Written essays 书面总结，论文Written tests 书面测试ZZero-based budgeting (ZBB) 零基预算Zero-sum conditions 零和条件，零和约束。
历史和政治英语
历史和政治英语1. The American Revolution was a defining moment in the history of the United States, as it marked the country's transition from a British colony to an independent nation.2. The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was a geopolitical conflict that spanned several decades and had implications for countries around the world.3. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 was a pivotal moment in history, as it signaled the end of the Cold War and the beginning ofa new era in global politics.4. The Civil Rights Movement in the United States was a social and political movement that sought to end racial discrimination and promote equal rights and opportunities for all people.5. The United Nations is an international organization that was established in 1945 to promote peace, security, and cooperation among nations.6. The European Union is a political and economic union of 27 member states located primarily in Europe, which aims to promote economic and political cooperation among its members.7. The Treaty of Versailles, which was signed in 1919 at the end of World War I, had far-reaching consequences for Europe and the world, ultimately contributing to the outbreak of World War II. 8. The Arab Spring was a series of protests and uprisings thatswept across the Middle East and North Africa in 2011, resulting in significant political and social changes in the region.9. Brexit, which refers to the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union, has been a major political and economic issue in recent years, with significant implications for both the UK and the EU.10. The Chinese Communist Party has been the ruling political party of China since 1949, and has played a major role in shaping the country's political, economic, and social landscape.。
人力资源管理常见英文词汇
人力资源管理常见英文单词人力资本：human capital工作投入 work/job engagement管理过程 management process直线管理者 line manager职能管理者 staff manager职能控制 functional control人事职能staff(service)function劳动力 labor(work)force劳资关系 labor relations公平就业时机 equal opportunity 反雇佣歧视行为affirmative action雇员健康与平安employee health and safety员工申诉 grievance失业unemployment病假工资 sick pay工会 trade union人性化管理humanized management 住房补贴 subsidized housing 集体谈判 collective bargaining 充分就业 full employment就业立法employment legislation 企业家的 entrepreneurial工业行动 industrial action谈判工资 negotiated wage市场工资率 market rate工作分析job analysisMethods of collecting job analysisinformation:inteiview、questionaires问卷法、observation观察法、participant dairy/logs 工作日志写实法、position analysis questionnaire PAQ职位分析问卷工作描述 job description工作说明 job specification工作承当者在职〔位〕者 job incumbent/holder权限 authority工作权限Authority of incumbent 工作标识 job identification工作概要(综述) job summary知识、技能、能力 KSA职位弱化 Dejobbing扁平化组织flattened organization工作扩大化 job enlargement工作轮换 Job rotation无边界组织boundaryless organization工作丰富化 job enrichmment 流程再造 reengineering继任、接班 succession充裕 redundancy人员流动 turnover招聘 recruitment人力资源规划及补充 HR planning and recruiting人力资源需求personal need/demand人力资源供应 personal supply 〔企业〕内〔外〕部供应 Supply of inside/outside candidate Methods of predictingemployment needs:trend analysis 趋势分析、 ratio analsis 比率分析、 A scatter plot 散点图、using computer to forcast Personel requirments正规教育 formal education行业经验 industry experience 人员调配/配置图personel replacement chart人员储藏开发记录personel inventory and development record人员配置 staffing equation劳动生产率 productivity资格数据库qualifications inventory职位空缺vacancy/open/opening填补职位空缺fill open positions工作公告job posting人事记录 personnel record技能库 skill bank继任方案 succession planning 申请者群 an applicant pool 就业效劳机构(中介) employment agency校园招聘 college recruiting猎头公司head hunters/executive recruiters 推荐 referral上门求职 walk-in网上招聘recruiting on the internet甄选 selection面试 interview 工作申请表 application form 工作样本 work sample评价中心 assessment center背景调查background investigation效度 validity信度 reliability非定向/非结构化面试nondirective/unstructured interview定向/结构化面试directive/structured interview 评价面试 appraisal interview 情境面试 situational interiew 行为面试 behavioral interview 压力面试 stress interview工作相关性面试job-related interview系列化面试serialized interview心理面试psychological interview个人面试 personal interview小组面试 panel interview集体面试 mass interview培训与开发training and development上岗培训employee orientation/orientating employees培训需求 training needs工作手册 workbooks子任务 subtasks低产出 low output基层 lower level在职者 job holdersTraining methods:on-the-job training(OJT)、模拟培训simulated training、学徒apprentlceship training角色扮演 role playing行为塑造 behavior modeling企业大学 corporate university 企业内部开发中心in-house development centers绩效评估performance appraisal强制分布法forced distribution method行为锚定评价尺度 behaviorally anchored rating scal (BARS)维度 dimension目标管理management by objectives (MBO)职业生涯管理 carrer management 咨询专家counseling expert/consultant薪酬、补偿 compensation奖励与福利incentives and benefits报酬 remuneration薪资调查pay survey内在的 intrinsic外在的 extrinsic工资结构 pay structure工资等级 pay grade工资范围 pay range货币的 monetary根本工资 base pay基准单位 benchmark job可变工资 variable pay 宽带薪酬broadbanding小时工资 hourly pay带薪休假 paid time off1.人力资源管理:(Human Resource Management ,HRM)人力资源经理:( human resource manager)高级管理人员:(executive)职业:(profession)道德标准:(ethics)操作工:(operative employees)专家:(specialist)人力资源认证协会:(the Human Resource CertificationInstitute,HRCI)2.外部环境:(external environment) 内部环境:(internal environment)政策:(policy)企业文化:(corporate culture)目标:(mission)股东:(shareholders)非正式组织:(informal organization) 跨国公司:(multinational corporation,MNC)管理多样性:(managing diversity) 3.工作:(job)职位:(posting)工作分析:(job analysis)工作说明:(job description)工作标准:(job specification)工作分析方案表:(job analysis schedule,JAS)职位分析问卷调查法:(Management Position Description Questionnaire,MPDQ)行政秘书:(executive secretary)地区效劳经理助理:(assistant district service manager)4.人力资源方案:(Human Resource Planning,HRP)战略规划:(strategic planning)长期趋势:(long term trend)要求预测:(requirement forecast)供应预测:(availability forecast)管理人力储藏:(management inventory)裁减:(downsizing)人力资源信息系统:(Human Resource Information System,HRIS) 5.招聘:(recruitment)员工申请表:(employee requisition) 招聘方法:(recruitment methods)内部提升:(Promotion FromWithin ,PFW)工作公告:(job posting)广告:(advertising)职业介绍所:(employment agency) 特殊事件:(special events)实习:(internship)6.选择:(selection)选择率:(selection rate)简历:(resume)标准化:(standardization)有效性:(validity)客观性:(objectivity)标准:(norm)录用分数线:(cutoff score)准确度:(aiming)业务知识测试:(job knowledge tests) 理交流平台！人力资源管理英文词汇高级管理人员:(executive)职业:(profession)道德标准:(ethics)操作工:(operative employees)专家:(specialist)人力资源认证协会:(the Human Resource Certification Institute,HRCI)外部环境:(external environment) 内部环境:(internal environment) 政策:(policy)企业文化:(corporate culture)目标:(mission)股东:(shareholders)非正式组织:(informal organization)跨国公司:(multinational corporation,MNC)工作:(job)职位:(posting)工作分析:(job analysis)工作说明:(job description)工作标准:(job specification)工作分析方案表:(job analysis schedule,JAS)职位分析问卷调查法:(Management Position Description Questionnaire,MPDQ)行政秘书:(executive secretary) 地区效劳经理助理:(assistantdistrict service manager)战略规划:(strategic planning) 长期趋势:(long term trend)管理人力储藏:(management inventory)裁减:(downsizing)人力资源信息系统:(Human Resource InformationSystem,HRIS)招聘方法:(recruitment methods) 内部提升:(Promotion FromWithin ,PFW)广告:(advertising)职业介绍所:(employment agency) 特殊事件:(special events)实习:(internship)选择:(selection)选择率:(selection rate)简历:(resume)标准化:(standardization)有效性:(validity)客观性:(objectivity)标准:(norm)录用分数线:(cutoff score)准确度:(aiming)业务知识测试:(job knowledge tests)求职面试:(employment interview) 非结构化面试:(unstructured interview)结构化面试:(structured interview)小组面试:(group interview)职业兴趣测试:(vocational interest tests)会议型面试:(board interview) 组织变化与人力资源开发人力资源开发:(Human Resource Development,HRD)训练:(coaching)辅导:(mentoring)经营管理策略:(business games) 案例研究:(case study)会议方法:(conference method) 角色扮演:(role playing)在职培训:(on-the-jobtraining ,OJT)企业文化与组织开展企业文化:(corporate culture) 组织开展:(organization development,OD)调查反应:(survey feedback)质量圈:(quality circles)目标管理:(management by objective,MBO)全面质量管理:(Total Quality Management,TQM)团队建设:(team building)职业方案与开展职业:(career)职业方案:(career planning)职业道路:(career path)职业开展:(career development) 自我评价:(self-assessment)职业动机:(career anchors)绩效评价绩效评价:(Performance Appraisal,PA)小组评价:(group appraisal)业绩评定表:(rating scales method)关键事件法:(critical incident method)排列法:(ranking method)平行比拟法:(paired comparison) 硬性分布法:(forceddistribution method)晕圈错误:(halo error)宽松:(leniency)严格:(strictness)反应:(-degree feedback)表达法:(essay method)集中趋势:(central ten报酬:(compensation)直接经济报酬:(direct financial compensation)间接经济报酬:(indirect financial compensation) 非经济报酬:(no financial compensation)公平:(equity)外部公平:(external equity)内部公平:(internal equity)员工公平:(employee equity)小组公平:(team equity)工资水平领先者:(pay leaders) 现行工资率:(going rate)工资水平居后者:(pay followers) 劳动力市场:(labor market)工作评价:(job evaluation)排列法:(ranking method)分类法:(classification method) 因素比拟法:(factor comparison method)评分法:(point method)海氏指示图表个人能力分析法:(Hay Guide Chart-profile Method)工作定价:(job pricing)工资等级:(pay grade)工资曲线:(wage curve)工资幅度:(pay range)福利和其它报酬问题福利(间接经济补偿)员工股权方案:(employee stock ownership plan,ESOP)值班津贴:(shift differential) 奖金:(incentive compensation)分红制:(profit sharing)平安与健康的工作环境频率:(frequency rate)紧张:(stress)角色冲突:(role conflict)催眠法:(hypnosis)酗酒:(alcoholism)员工和劳动关系工会:(union)地方工会:(local union)行业工会:(craft union)产业工会:(industrial union)全国工会:(national union)谈判组:(bargaining union)劳资谈判:(collective bargaining)仲裁:(arbitration)罢工:(strike)内部员工关系:(internal employee relations)纪律:(discipline)纪律处分:(disciplinary action) 申诉:(grievance)降职:(demotion)调动:(transfer)晋升:(promotion行政秘书：(executive secretary) 质量圈：(quality circles)人事staffing领导leading控制controlling步骤process原理principle方法technique经理manager总经理general manager行政人员administrator主管人员supervisor企业enterprise商业business产业industry公司company效果effectiveness效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur权利power职权authority职责responsibility科学管理scientific management 现代经营管理modern operational management行为科学behavior science生产率productivity鼓励motivate动机motive法律law法规regulation经济体系economic system管理职能managerial function产品product效劳service利润profit满意satisfaction归属affiliation尊敬esteem自我实现self-actualization人力投入human input盈馀surplus收入income本钱cost资本货物capital goods机器machinery设备equipment建筑building存货inventory经验法the empirical approach人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法thesocial-technical systems approach 决策理论法the decision theory approach数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法the contingency approach管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach 人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力pressure冲突conflict招聘recruit 鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬compensation授权delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度merit system表现behavior下级subordinate偏差deviation检验记录inspection record误工记录record of labor-hours lost销售量sales volume产品质量quality of products 先进技术advanced technology 顾客效劳customer service策略strategy结构structure领先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear忿恨resentment士气morale解雇layoff批发wholesale零售retail程序procedure规那么rule规划program预算budget共同作用synergy大型联合企业conglomerate购置acquisition增长目标growth goal专利产品proprietary product竞争对手rival晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure病假sick leave休假vacation工时labor-hour机时machine-hour资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow工资率wage rate税收率tax rate股息dividend现金状况cash position资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility投入原那么the commitment principle投资回报return on investment生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner最终结果end result业绩performance个人利益personal interest福利welfare市场占有率market share创新innovation生产率productivity 利润率profitability社会责任public responsibility董事会board of director组织规模size of the organization 组织文化organizational culture 目标管理management by objectives评价工具appraisal tool鼓励方法motivational techniques 控制手段control device个人价值personal worth优势strength弱点weakness时机opportunity威胁threat个人责任personal responsibility 参谋counselor定量目标quantitative objective 定性目标qualitative objective可考核目标verifiable objective优先priority工资表payroll策略strategy政策policy灵活性discretion多种经营diversification评估assessment一致性consistency应变策略consistency strategy公共关系public relation价值value抱负aspiration偏见prejudice审查review批准approval主要决定major decision分公司总经理division generalmanager资产组合距阵portfolio matrix 明星star问号question mark现金牛cash cow赖狗dog采购procurement人口因素demographic factor地理因素geographic factor公司形象company image产品系列product line合资企业joint venture破产政策liquidation strategy紧缩政策retrenchment strategy 战术tactics追随followership个性individuality性格personality平安safety自主权latitude悲观的pessimistic静止的static乐观的optimistic动态的dynamic灵活的flexible抵抗resistance敌对antagonism折中eclectic鼓励motivation潜意识subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire压力pressure满足satisfaction自我实现的需要needs forself-actualization 尊敬的需要esteem needs归属的需要affiliation needs平安的需要security needs生理的需要physiological needs 维持maintenance保健hygiene鼓励因素motivator概率probability强化理论reinforcement theory 反应feedback奖金bonus股票期权stock option劳资纠纷labor dispute缺勤率absenteeism人员流动turnover奖励reward特许经营franchise热诚zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠诚loyalty奉献devotion作风style品质trait适应性adaptability进取性aggressiveness热情enthusiasm毅力persistence人际交往能力interpersonal skills 行政管理能力administrative ability智力intelligence专制式领导autocratic leader民主式领导democratic leader自由放任式领导free-rein leader 管理方格图the managerial grid工作效率work efficiency服从obedience领导行为leader behavior支持型领导supportive leadership 参与型领导participative leadership指导型领导instrumental leadership成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadership Action learning：行动学习Alternation ranking method：交替排序法Annual bonus：年终分红Application forms：工作申请表Appraisal interview：评价面试Aptitudes：资质Arbitration：仲裁Attendance incentive plan：参与式鼓励方案Authority：职权Behavior modeling：行为模拟Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法Benchmark job：基准职位Benefits：福利Bias：个人偏见Boycott：联合抵抗Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序Burnout：耗竭Candidate-order error：候选人次序错误Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案Career anchors：职业锚Career cycle：职业周期Career planning and development：职业规划与职业开展Case study method：案例研究方法Central tendency：居中趋势Citations：传讯Civil Rights Act：民权法Classes：类Classification (or grading) method：归类〔或分级〕法Collective bargaining：集体谈判Comparable worth：可比价值Compensable factor：报酬因素Computerized forecas：计算机化预测Content validity：内容效度Criterion validity：效标效度Critical incident method：关键事件法Davis-Bacon Act (DBA)：戴维斯─佩根法案Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判Decline stage：下降阶段Deferred profit-sharing plan：延期利润分享方案Defined benefit：固定福利Defined contribution：固定缴款Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法Discipline：纪律Dismissal：解雇；开除Downsizing：精简Early retirement window：提前退休窗口Economic strike：经济罢工Edgar Schein：艾德加．施恩Employee compensation：职员报酬Employee orientation：雇员上岗引导Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) ：雇员退休收入保障法案Employee services benefits：雇员效劳福利Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP)：雇员持股方案Equal Pay Act：公平工资法Establishment stage：确立阶段Exit interviews：离职面谈Expectancy chart：期望图表Experimentation：实验Exploration stage：探索阶段Fact-finder：调查Fair day's work：公平日工作Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利方案Flex place：弹性工作地点Flextime：弹性工作时间Forced distribution method：强制分布法Four-day workweek：每周4天工作制Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克．泰罗Functional control：职能控制Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法Gain sharing：收益分享General economic conditions：一般经济状况Golden offerings：高龄给付Good faith bargaining：真诚的谈判Grade description：等级说明书Grades：等级Graphic rating scale：图尺度评价法Grid training：方格训练Grievance：抱怨Grievance procedure：抱怨程序Group life insurance：团体人寿保险Group pension plan：团体退休金方案Growth stage：成长阶段Guarantee corporation：担保公司Guaranteed fair treatment：有保证的公平对待Guaranteed piecework plan：有保障的计件工资制Halo effect：晕轮效应Health maintenance organization (HMO) ：健康维持组织Illegal bargaining：非法谈判工程Impasse：僵持Implied authority：隐含职权Incentive plan：鼓励方案Individual retirement account (IRA) ：个人退休账户In-house development center：企业内部开发中心Insubordination：不服从Insurance benefits：保险福利Interviews：谈话；面谈Job analysis：工作分析Job description：工作描述Job evaluation：职位评价Job instruction training (JIT) ：工作指导培训Job posting：工作公告Job rotation：工作轮换Job sharing：工作分组Job specifications：工作说明书John Holland：约翰．霍兰德Junior board：初级董事会Layoff：临时解雇Leader attach training：领导者匹配训练Lifetime employment without guarantees：无保证终身解雇Line manager：直线管理者Local market conditions：地方劳动力市场Lockout：闭厂Maintenance stage：维持阶段Management assessment center：管理评价中心Management by objectives (MBO)：目标管理法Management game：管理竞赛Management grid：管理方格训练Management process：管理过程Mandatory bargaining：强制谈判工程Mediation：调解Merit pay：绩效工资Merit raise：绩效加薪Mid career crisis sub stage：中期职业危机阶段Nondirective interview：非定向面试Occupational market conditions：职业市场状况Occupational orientation：职业性向Occupational Safety and Health Act：职业平安与健康法案Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)：职业平安与健康管理局Occupational skills：职业技能On-the-job training (OJT) ：在职培训Open-door：敞开门户Opinion survey：意见调查Organization development(OD)：组织开展Outplacement counseling：向外安置参谋Paired comparison method：配比照拟法Panel interview：小组面试Participant diary/logs：现场工人日记/日志Pay grade：工资等级Pension benefits：退休金福利Pension plans：退休金方案People-first values："以人为本"的价值观Performance analysis：工作绩效分析Performance Appraisal interview：工作绩效评价面谈Personnel (or human resource) management：人事〔或人力资源〕管理Personnel replacement charts：人事调配图Piecework：计件Plant Closing law：工厂关闭法Point method Policies：政策Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) ：职位分析问卷Position replacement cards：职位调配卡Pregnancy discrimination act：怀孕歧视法案Profit-sharing plan：利润分享方案Programmed learning：程序化教学Qualifications inventories：资格数据库Quality circle：质量圈Ranking method：排序法Rate ranges：工资率系列Ratio analysis：比率分析Reality shock：现实冲击Reliability：信度Retirement：退休Retirement benefits：退休福利Retirement counseling：退休前咨询Rings of defense：保护圈Role playing：角色扮演Salary surveys：薪资调查Savings plan：储蓄方案Scallion plan：斯坎伦方案Scatter plot：散点分析Scientific management：科学管理Self directed teams：自我指导工作小组Self-actualization：自我实现Sensitivity training：敏感性训练Serialized interview：系列化面试Severance pay：离职金Sick leave：病假Situational interview：情境面试Skip-level interview：越级谈话Social security：社会保障Speak up! ：讲出来！Special awards：特殊奖励Special management development techniques：特殊的管理开发技术Stabilization sub stage：稳定阶段Staff (service) function：职能〔效劳〕功能Standard hour plan：标准工时工资Stock option：股票期权Straight piecework：直接计件制Strategic plan：战略规划Stress interview：压力面试Strictness/leniency：偏紧/偏松Strikes：罢工Structured interview：结构化面试Succession planning：接班方案Supplement pay benefits：补充报酬福利Supplemental unemployment benefits：补充失业福利Survey feedback：调查反应Sympathy strike：同情罢工System Ⅳ：组织体系ⅣSystem I：组织体系Task analysis：任务分析Team building：团队建设Team or group：班组Termination：解雇；终止Termination at will：随意终止Theory X：X理论Theory Y：Y理论Third-party involvement：第三方介入Training：培训Transactional analysis (TA) ：人际关系心理分析Trend analysis：趋势分析Trial sub stage：尝试阶段Unclear performance standards：绩效评价标准不清Unemployment insurance：失业保险Unfair labor practice strike：不正当劳工活动罢工Unsafe acts：不平安行为Unsafe conditions：不平安环境Validity：效度Value-based hiring：以价值观为根底的雇佣Vroom-Yetton leadership trainman：维罗姆-耶顿领导能力训练Variable compensation：可变报酬Vestibule or simulated training：新雇员培训或模拟Vesting：特别保护权Voluntary bargaining：自愿谈判工程Voluntary pay cut：自愿减少工资方案Voluntary time off：自愿减少时间Wage carve：工资曲线Work samples：工作样本Work sampling technique：工作样本技术Work sharing：临时性工作分担Worker involvement：雇员参与方案Worker's benefits：雇员福利Adaptability 适应性Aligning Performance for Success 协调工作以求成功业绩Applied Learning 应用的知识Building a Successful Team 建立成功团队Building Customer Loyalty 对客户忠诚Building Partnerships 建立合作关系Building Strategic Working Relationships 建立战略性工作关系Building Trust 建立互信关系Coaching 辅导Communication 沟通Continuous Learning 不断学习Contributing to Team Success 对团队成功的奉献Customer Focus 以客户为中心Decision Making 决策Delegating Responsibility 授权Developing Others 开展他人Drive for Results 注重实效Energy 精力充分Facilitation Change 推动变革Follow-up 跟进Formal Presentation 专业演讲技巧Gaining Commitment 具有使命感Impact 影响力Information Monitoring 采集信息Initiating Action 主动采取行动Innovation 创新Job Fit 胜任工作Leading Through Mission and Values 在使命与价值的认同中的领导才能Managing Conflict 解决冲突Managing Work (Includes Time Management) 管理工作〔时间管理〕Meeting Leadership 会议组织能力Meeting Participation 分享Negotiation 谈判Planning and Organizing 编制方案与组织能力Quality Orientation 质量定位Risk Taking 勇于冒险Safety Awareness 平安意识Sales Ability / Persuasiveness 销售能力/说服能力Strategic Leadership / Decision Making 战略性领导/决策制定Stress Tolerance 压力忍受能力Technical / Professional Knowledge and Skills 技术专业知识和技能Tenacity 坚忍不拔Work Standards 操作标准Action learning：行动学习Alternation ranking method：交替排序法Annual bonus：年终分红Application forms：工作申请表Appraisal interview：评价面试Aptitudes：资质Arbitration：仲裁Attendance incentive plan：参与式鼓励方案Authority：职权Behavior modeling：行为模拟Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法Benchmark job：基准职位Benefits：福利Bias：个人偏见Boycott：联合抵抗Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序Burnout：耗竭Candidate-order error：候选人次序错误Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案Career anchors：职业锚Career cycle：职业周期Career planning and development：职业规划与职业开展Case study method：案例研究方法Central tendency：居中趋势Citations：传讯Civil Rights Act：民权法Classes：类Classification (or grading) method：归类〔或分级〕法集体谈判Comparable worth：可比价值Compensable factor：报酬因素Computerized forecast：计算机化预测Content validity：内容效度Criterion validity：效标效度Critical incident method：关键事件法Davis-Bacon Act (DBA)：戴维斯―佩根法案Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判Decline stage：下降阶段Deferred profit-sharing plan：延期利润分享方案Defined benefit：固定福利Defined contribution：固定缴款Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法Discipline：纪律Dismissal：解雇；开除Downsizing：精简Early retirement window：提前退休窗口Economic strike：经济罢工Edgar Schein：艾德加•施恩Employee compensation：职员报酬Employee orientation：雇员上岗引导Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) ：雇员退休收入保障法案Employee services benefits：雇员效劳福利Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) ：雇员持股方案Equal Pay Act：公平工资法Establishment stage：确立阶段Exit interviews：离职面谈Expectancy chart：期望图表Experimentation：实验Exploration stage：探索阶段Fact-finder：调查Fair day’s work：公平日工作Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利方案Flex place：弹性工作地点Flextime：弹性工作时间Forced distribution method：强制分布法Four-day workweek：每周天工作制Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克•泰罗Functional control：职能控制Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法沟通Communication个人开展Personal Development 电子学习e-Learning工程管理Project Management领导艺术Leadership团队建设Team Building管理Management商务管理类行政管理Administrative Support 人力资源Human Resources商法Business Law行业Industry客户效劳Customer Service知识管理Knowledge Management电子商务e-Business市场Marketing金融/财会Finance & Accounting企业运营Operations财务效劳Financial Services销售Salesable 有才干的，能干的adaptable 适应性强的active 主动的，活泼的aggressive 有进取心的ambitious 有雄心壮志的amiable 和蔼可亲的amicable 友好的analytical 善于分析的apprehensive 有理解力的aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的capable 有能力的，有才能的careful 办理仔细的candid 正直的competent 能胜任的constructive 建设性的cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的dedicated 有奉献精神的dependable 可靠的diplomatic 老练的，有策略的disciplined 守纪律的dutiful 尽职的well--educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充分的expressivity 善于表达faithful 守信的，忠诚的frank 直率的，真诚的generous 宽宏大量的genteel 有教养的gentle 有礼貌的humorous 有幽默impartial 公正的independent 有主见的industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的motivated 目的明确的intelligent 理解力强的learned精通某门学问的logical 条理清楚的methodical有方法的modest 谦虚的objective 客观的precise 一丝不苟的punctual 严守时刻的realistic 实事求是的responsible 负责的sensible 明白事理的sporting 光明正大的steady 踏实的systematic 有系统的purposeful 意志坚强的sweet-tempered 性情温和的temperate 稳健的tireless 孜孜不倦的name 姓名in. 英寸pen name 笔名ft. 英尺alias 别名street 街Mr. 先生road 路Miss 小姐district 区Ms 〔小姐或太太〕house number 门牌Mrs. 太太lane 胡同，巷age 年龄height 身高blood type 血型weight 体重address 地址born 生于permanent address 永久住址birthday 生日province 省birthdate 出生日期city 市birthplace 出生地点county 县home phone 住宅prefecture 专区office phone 办公autonomous region 自治区business phone 办公nationality 民族；国籍current address 目前住址citizenship 国籍date of birth 出生日期native place 籍贯postal code 邮政编码duel citizenship 双重国籍marital status 婚姻状况family status 家庭状况married 已婚single 未婚divorced 离异separated 分居number of children 子女人数health condition 健康状况health 健康状况excellent 〔身体〕极佳short-sighted 近视far-sighted 远视ID card 身份证date of availability 可到职时间membership 会员、资格president 会长vice-president 副会长director 理事standing director 常务理事society 学会association 协会secretary-general 秘书长research society 研究会work experience 工作经历occupational history 工作经历professional history 职业经历specific experience 具体经历responsibilities 职责second job 第二职业achievements 工作成就，业绩administer 管理assist 辅助adapted to 适应于accomplish 完成〔任务等〕appointed 被认命的adept in 善于analyze 分析authorized 委任的；核准的behave 表现break the record 打破纪录breakthrough 关键问题的解决control 控制conduct 经营，处理cost 本钱；费用create 创造demonstrate 证明，示范decrease减少design 设计develop 开发，发挥devise 设计，创造direct 指导double 加倍，翻一番earn 获得，赚取effect 效果，作用eliminate 消除enlarge 扩大enrich 使丰富exploit 开发〔资源，产品〕enliven 搞活establish 设立〔公司等〕；使开业evaluation 估价，评价execute 实行，实施expedite 加快；促进generate 产生good at 擅长于guide 指导；操纵improve 改良，提高initiate 创始，开创innovate 改革，革新invest 投资integrate 使结合；使一体化justified 经证明的；合法化的launch 开办〔新企业〕maintain 保持；维修modernize 使现代化negotiate 谈判nominated 被提名；被认命的overcome 克服perfect 使完善；改善perform 执行，履行profit 利润be promoted to 被提升为be proposed as 被提名〔推荐〕为realize 实现〔目标〕获得〔利润〕reconstruct 重建recorded 记载的refine 精练，精制registered 已注册的regenerate 更新，使再生replace 接替，替换retrieve 挽回revenue 收益，收入scientific 科学的，系统的self-dependence 自力更生serve 效劳，供职settle 解决〔问题等〕shorten 减低……效能simplify 简化，精简spread 传播，扩大standard 标准，规格supervises 监督，管理supply 供应，满足systematize 使系统化test 试验，检验well-trained 训练有素的valuable 有价值的target 目标，指标working model 劳动模范advanced worker 先进工作者education 学历educational history 学历educational background 教育程度curriculum 课程major 主修minor 副修educational highlights 课程重点局部curriculum included 课程包括specialized courses 专门课程courses taken 所学课程special training 特别训练social practice 社会实践part-time jobs 业馀工作summer jobs 暑期工作vacation jobs 假期工作refresher course 进修课程extracurricular activities 课外活动physical activities 体育活动recreational activities 娱乐活动academic activities 学术活动social activities 社会活动rewards 奖励scholarship 奖学金excellent League member 优秀团员excellent leader 优秀干部student council 学生会off-job training 脱产培训in-job training 在职培训educational system 学制academic year 学年semester 学期〔美〕term 学期〔英〕supervisor 论文导师pass 及格fail 不及格marks 分数examination 考试degree 学位post doctorate 博士后doctor(PhD) 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士graduate student 研究生abroad student 留学生abroad student 留学生undergraduate 大学肆业生government-supported student公费生commoner 自费生extern 走读生intern 实习生prize fellow 奖学金生boarder 寄宿生graduate 毕业生guest student 旁听生〔英〕auditor 旁听生〔美〕day-student 走读生objective 目标position desired 希望职位job objective 工作目标employment objective 工作目标career objective 职业目标position sought 谋求职位position wanted 希望职位position applied for 申请职位for more specialized work 为更专门的工作for prospects of promotion 为晋升的前途for higher responsibility 为更高层次的工作责任for wider experience 为扩大工作经验due to close-down of company 由于公司倒闭due to expiry of employment 由于雇用期满sought a better ob 找到了更好的工作to seek a better job 找一份更好的工作hobbies 业馀爱好play the guitar 弹吉他reading 阅读play chess 下棋play 话剧long distance running 长跑play bridge 打桥牌collecting stamps 集邮play tennis 打网球jogging 慢跑sewing 缝纫traveling 旅游listening to symphony 听交响乐do some clay sculptures 搞泥塑工作投入度：Work devotion degrees后备人员：Reserve personnel业务人员：Business personnel。
常见人力资源英语词汇
常见人力资源英语EAP-Employee Assistance Program 员工帮助计划Early Retirement 提前退休Early Retirement Factor 提前退休因素Early Retirement Window 提前退休窗口Earnings 薪资Economic Strike 经济罢工Education 学历Education Subsidy 教育津贴EEO-Equal Employment Opportunity 公平就业机会EEOC-Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 公平就业机会委员会Effect Factors of Career Planning 职业规划影响因素Effect Factors of Development 开发影响因素Effective Coaching Technique 有效的训练方法Effective Working Hour 有效工时Efficiency of Labor 劳动效率+Efficiency Wage 效率工资Ego-Involvement 自我投入E-Learning 网络化学习Election Campaign 选举活动Electronic Meeting 电子会议Emotional Appeal 感召力Employee Attitude Surveys 员工态度调查Employee Career Management 员工职业生涯管理Employee Consultation Services 员工咨询服务Employee Equity 员工公平Employee Leasing 员工租借Employee Involvement 员工参与Employee Manual 员工手册Employee orientation 员工向导Employee Ownership 员工所有制Employee Polygraph Protection Act 《雇员测谎保护法案》[美] Employee Potential 员工潜能Employee Referral 在职员工推荐Employee Retirement Income Security Act 《职工退休收入保障法》[美] Employee Safety and Health 员工安全和健康Employee Security 员工安全Employee Security Measures 员工安全措施Employee Self-Service 员工自助服务Employee Services Benefits 员工服务福利Employee Skill 员工技能Employee Stock Ownership Trust 企业员工持股信托Employee Surplus 员工过剩Employee Survey 员工测评Employee Training Method 员工培训方法Employee Turnover 员工流动Employee Turnover Rate 员工流动率Employee Under Training 受训员工Employee-Centered Job Redesign 以员工为中心的工作再设计Employees Bonus 雇员红利Employer Unfair Labor Practices 雇主不当劳动行为Employment 雇用Employment Agency 职业介绍所Employment Application Form 应聘申请表Employment at will 自由就业Employment Consultant 招聘顾问!Employment Contract Renewal 雇用合同续签Employment Diseases 职业病Employment History 工作经历Employment Objective 应聘职位:Employment Offer/Enrollment 录用Employment Relationship 员工关系Employment Separation Certificate 离职证明书? Empowerment 激励自主Entitlement 授权法;EQ-Emotional Quotient 情感智商EPA-Equal Pay Act 《平等工资法案》Equal Pay For Equal Work 同工同酬Equity Theory 公平理论E-Recruit 网络招聘ERG theory ERG 理论ERM-Employee Relationship Management 员工关系管理ERP-Enterprise Resource Planning 企业资源计划ESOP-Employee Stock Ownership Plan 员工持股计划Essay Method 叙述法ETS-Environmental Tobacco Smoke 工作场所吸烟问题E-Survey 电子调查Evaluation Criterion 评价标准Excellent Leader 优秀领导Executive Ability 执行力Executive Compensation 管理层薪资水平Executive Development Program 主管发展计划Executive Director 执行董事Executive Management 行政管理Executive Marketing Director 市场执行总监Executive Recruiters 高级猎头公司Executive Salaries 管理层工资Exempt Employee 豁免员工Exit Interview 离职面谈Expectancy Theory 期望理论Expectation 期望值Expected Salary 期望薪水Experimental Method 实验法Experimental Research 试验调查Expiry of Employment 雇用期满Exploit of HR 人力资源开发External Costs 外部成本External Employment 外部招聘External Environment of HR 人力资源外部环境External Equity 外部公平External Labor Supply 外部劳力供应External Recruiting Sources 外部招聘来源External Recruitment Environment 外部招聘环境Extra Work 加班Extrinsic Rewards 外部奖励Face Validity 表面效度Factor Comparison Method 因素比较法Fair Labor Standards Act 《公平劳动标准法案》Family and Medical Leave Act 《家庭和医疗假期条例》[美] Fiedler Contingency Model 费德勒的权变模型First Impression Effect 初次印象效应Five-Day Workweek 每周五天工作制Fixed Term Appointment 固定期聘用Fixed Term Contract 固定任期合同Fixed Term Staff 固定期合同工FJA-Functional Job Analysis 功能性工作分析法Flat organizational Structure 扁平化组织结构Flex Place 弹性工作地点Flex Plan 弹性工作计划!flex time 弹性工作时间Flexible Benefits Program 弹性福利计划Forced Distribution Method 强制分配法Forced-Choice Method 强迫性选择法Formal organization 正式组织Front-Line Manager 基层管理人员Full-Time 全职Function 职能;Function of HRM 人力资源管理职能Functional Conflict Theory 冲突功能理论-Functional Department 职能部门Funeral Leave 丧假Fundamental Attribution Error 基本归因误差8Gain-Sharing Plan 收益分享计划Gang Boss 领班/小组长Gantt Charts 甘特图GATB-General Aptitude Test Battery 普通能力倾向成套测验General Union 总工会Given Role Playing 角色定位演示法Glass Ceiling 玻璃天花板Goal Conflict 目标冲突GOJA-Guidelines oriented Job Analysis 指导性工作分析Golden Handshake 黄金握别Golden Parachute 黄金降落伞Graphic Rating Scale 图尺度评价法Grievance Mediation 抱怨调解Grievance Procedure 抱怨程序Gross Pay/Total Payroll 工资总额Group Appraisal 小组评价Group/Team Bonus 团体/小组奖金;Group Congeniality/Cohesiveness 群体凝集力,Group Life Insurance 团体人寿保险Group Pension Plan 团体退休金计划Group Piece Work 集体计件制$Guaranteed Employment Offer 雇用信H．C．Gantt Premium System 甘特奖励工资制H．Emerson Premium System 艾默生奖励工资制Halo Effect 晕轮效应Halseys Premium System 哈尔赛奖励工资制Handwriting Analysis 笔迹分析法Headhunting 猎头Health Insurance 健康保险H-Form/Holding Company H 型结构)Hierarchy of Needs Theory 需要层次理论High Performance organization 高绩效组织High-Performance Work System 高绩效工作系统HMO-Health Maintenance organization 健康维护组织Holiday Pay 假日薪水Home/Family Leave 探亲假) ]Horizontal Career Path 横向职业途径;Hot Stove Rule 热炉规则Housing/Rental Allowance 住房补贴HR Generalist 人力资源通才HR Information System 人力资源信息系统HR Manager 人力资源经理HR Officer 人力资源主任HR Policy 人力资源政策HRCI-Human Resource Certification Institute 人力资源认证机构HRD Appraisal 人力资源开发评价HRD Intermediary 人力资源开发媒介HRD Process 人力资源开发过程HRD-Human Resource Development 人力资源开发HRM-Human Resource Management 人力资源管理HRP-Human Resource Planning 人力资源规划Human Relations Movement 人际关系运动Hygiene Factor 保健因素Hypnosis 催眠AAR-After Action Review 行动后学习机制Ability Test 能力测试Ability of Manager 管理者的能力Absence Management 缺勤管理Absence rate 缺勤率Absent with leave 因故缺勤（被）许可缺勤Absent without Leave 无故缺勤擅离职守Absenteeism 缺勤Accelerating Premium 累进奖金制Accident Frequency 事故频率Accident Insurance 意外伤害保险Accident Investigation 事故调查Accident Loss 事故损失Accident Prevention 事故预防Accident Proneness 事故（频发）倾向Accident Severity 事故严重程度#Accident Severity Rate 事故严重率Accident Work Injury 工伤事故Achievement Need 成就需求Achievement Test 成就测试Action Learning 行动（为）学习法Action Research 行动研究Active Practice 自动实习Adjourning 解散期解散阶段Administer 管理者Administrative Level 管理层次Administrative Line 直线式管理ADR-Alternative Dispute Resolution 建设性争议解决方法Adventure learning 探险学习法:Adverse Impact 负面影响Advertisement Recruiting 广告招聘Affective Commitment 情感认同Affiliation Need 归属需求Affirmative Action 反优先雇佣行动Age Composition 年龄结构Age Discrimination 年龄歧视Age Retirement 因龄退休Agreement Content 协议内容ALIEDIM 费茨帕特里克出勤管理模型Allowance 津贴Alternative Ranking Method 交替排序法Amoeba Management 变形虫式管理Analytic Approach 分析法Annual Bonus 年终分红Annual Leave 年假Annuity/Pension 退休金Applicant-Initiated Recruitment 自荐式招聘Application Blank 申请表Appraisal Feedback 考评反馈Appraisal Interview 考评面谈Appraisal Standardization 考评标准化Appraiser Training 考评者培训Apprenticeship Training 学徒式培训Arbitration/Mediation 仲裁Assessment Center 评价中心ATS-Applicant Tracking System 求职跟踪系统Attendance 考勤Attendance Incentive Plan 参与式激励计划Attendance Rate 出勤率Attitude Survey 态度调查Attribution Theory 归因理论Audiovisual Instruction 视听教学Authority 职权Availability Analysis 可获性分析Availability Forecast 供给预测Background Investigation 背景调查Balance-Sheet Approach 决算表平衡法Bargaining Issue 谈判问题BARS-Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale Method 行为锚定等级法Basic Skill 基础技能Behavior Modeling 行为模拟Behavior Modification 行为矫正疗法Behavioral Description Interview 工作方式介绍面试Behavioral Rating 工作方式考核法BEI-behavior event interview 行为事件访谈法Benchmark Job 基准职位Benchmarking Management 标杆管理a Benefit Plan 福利计划Benefit/Welfare 福利BFOQ-Bona Fide Occupational Qualification 实际职业资格Biological Approach 生物型工作设计法Board Interview 会议型面试BOS-Behavior Observation Scale 行为观察量表`Borter-Lawler's theory of Expectency 波特—劳勒期望激励理论Bottom-Line Concept 底线概念Boundaryless organizational Structure 无疆界组织结构Bounded Rationality 有限理性Brainstorm Ideas 头脑风暴法Broadbanding Pay Structure 扁平薪资结构BSC-balanced scorecard 平衡计分卡Burnout 精力耗尽Business Necessity 经营上的必要性Cafeteria-Style Benefit 自助式福利CAI-Computer-assisted Instruction 电脑辅助指导Campus Recruiting 校园招聘Candidate-Order Error 侯选人次序错误Career Anchors 职业锚/职业动机Career Counseling 职业咨询Career Curve 职业曲线Career Cycle 职业周期Career Development Method 职业发展方法Career Path 职业途径Career Path Information 职业途径信息Career Planning 职业规划career plateau 职业高原Career Stage 职业阶段Career Training 专业训练职业训练Career-Long Employment 终身雇佣制Case Studay Training Method 案例研究培训法CBT-Computer Based Training 以计算机为载体的培训Central Tendency 居中趋势CIPP-Context,Input,Process,Product CIPP 评估模型CIRO-Context Evaluation,Input Valuation,Reaction Evaluation,Output Evaluation CIRO 培训评估模式CIT-Critical Incident Technique 关键事件技术Classification Method 分类法Classroom Training 课堂培训Closed Shop 闭门企业CMI-Computer-managed Instruction 电脑管理指导Coaching 辅导教练Co-Determination 共同决策制Coercive Power 强制权力Cognitive Aptitude Test 认知能力测试Cohesiveness 凝聚力Colleague Appraisal 同事考评Collective Bargaining 劳资谈判Comparable Worth 可比价值Comparative Appraisal Method 比较评估法Compensable Factor 报酬要素Compensation & Benefit 薪酬福利Compensation Committee 报酬委员会Compensatory Time Off 补假Competence-Based Interview 基于能力的面试Competency Assessment 能力评估Competency 胜任特征Competency Model 胜任特征模型Competency-Based Education and Training 能力本位教育与训练Competency-Based Pay/Skill-Based Pay 技能工资Complex 情结Compressed Workweek 压缩工作周Compulsory Binding Arbitration 强制性仲裁Computerized Career Progression System 电脑化职业生涯行进系统Computerized Forecast 电脑化预测Conceptual Skill 概念性技能Conciliation 调解Concurrent Validity 同期正当性Conference Method 会议方法Conflict 冲突Conflict Management 冲突管理Construct Validity 结构效度Constructive Discharge 事实上的解雇Content Validity 内容效度Contractual Right 契约性权利Contrast Error 比较性错误Contributory Plan 须付费的退休金计划Coordination Training 合作培训Copayment 共同付费Core Competency 核心竞争力Core Value 核心价值观Core Worker 核心员工Core Workforce 核心工作团队Corporate Culture 企业文化Corporate Identity 企业识别Corporate Image 企业形象Correlation Analysis 相关分析Cost Per Hire 单位招聘成本Criterion-Related Validity 标准关联效度Critical Job Dimension 关键性工作因子Cross-Functional Training 跨功能训练Cross-Training 岗位轮换培训Culture Shock 文化冲突Cumulative Trauma Disorder 累积性工伤Cutoff Score 录用分数线Cyclical Variation 循环变动Action learning：行动学习Alternation ranking method：交替排序法Annual bonus：年终分红Application forms：工作申请表Appraisal interview：评价面试Aptitudes：资质Arbitration：仲裁Attendance incentive plan：参与式激励计划Authority：职权Behavior modeling：行为模拟Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法Benchmark job：基准职位Benefits：福利Bias：个人偏见Boycott：联合抵制Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序Burnout：耗竭Candidate-order error：候选人次序错误Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案Career anchors：职业锚Career cycle：职业周期Career planning and development：职业规划与职业发展Case study method：案例研究方法Central tendency：居中趋势Citations：传讯Civil Rights Act：民权法Classes：类Classification (or grading) method：归类（或分级）法Collective bargaining：集体谈判Comparable worth：可比价值Compensable factor：报酬因素Computerized forecast：计算机化预测Content validity：内容效度Criterion validity：效标效度Critical incident method：关键事件法Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判Decline stage：下降阶段Defined benefit：固定福利Defined contribution：固定缴款Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法Discipline：纪律Dismissal：解雇；开除Downsizing：精简Early retirement window：提前退休窗口Economic strike：经济罢工Employee compensation：职员报酬Equal Pay Act：公平工资法Establishment stage：确立阶段Exit interviews：离职面谈Expectancy chart：期望图表Experimentation：实验Exploration stage：探索阶段Fact-finder：调查Fair day's work：公平日工作Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利计划Flex place：弹性工作地点Flextime：弹性工作时间Forced distribution method：强制分布法Four-day workweek：每周4天工作制Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克•泰罗Functional control：职能控制Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法General economic conditions：一般经济状况Good faith bargaining：真诚的谈判Grade description：等级说明书Grades：等级Graphic rating scale：图尺度评价法Grid training：方格训练Grievance：抱怨Grievance procedure：抱怨程序Group life insurance：团体人寿保险Group pension plan：团体退休金计划Growth stage：成长阶段Guarantee corporation：担保公司Guaranteed fair treatment：有保证的公平对待Guaranteed piecework plan：有保障的计件工资制Gain sharing：收益分享Halo effect：晕轮效应Health maintenance organization (HMO) ：健康维持组织Illegal bargaining：非法谈判项目Impasse：僵持Implied authority：隐含职权Incentive plan：激励计划Individual retirement account (IRA) ：个人退休账户In-house development center：企业内部开发中心Insubordination：不服从Insurance benefits：保险福利Interviews：谈话；面谈Job analysis：工作分析Job description：工作描述Job evaluation：职位评价^Job instruction training (JIT) ：工作指导培训Job posting：工作公告Job rotation：工作轮换Job sharing：工作分组Job specifications：工作说明书John Holland：约翰•霍兰德Junior board：初级董事会Layoff：临时解雇Leader attach training：领导者匹配训练Lifetime employment without guarantees：无保证终身解雇Line manager：直线管理者Local market conditions：地方劳动力市场Lockout：闭厂Maintenance stage：维持阶段Management assessment center：管理评价中心Management by objectives (MBO) ：目标管理法Management game：管理竞赛Management grid：管理方格训练Management process：管理过程Mandatory bargaining：强制谈判项目Mediation：调解Merit pay：绩效工资Merit raise：绩效加薪Mid career crisis sub stage：中期职业危机阶段Nondirective interview：非定向面试Occupational market conditions：职业市场状况Occupational orientation：职业性向Occupational Safety and Health Act：职业安全与健康法案Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ：职业安全与健康管理局Occupational skills：职业技能On-the-job training (OJT) ：在职培训Open-door：敞开门户Opinion survey：意见调查Organization development(OD) ：组织发展Outplacement counseling：向外安置顾问Paired comparison method：配对比较法Panel interview：小组面试Participant diary/logs：现场工人日记/日志Pay grade：工资等级7Pension benefits：退休金福利Pension plans：退休金计划People-first values："以人为本"的价值观Performance analysis：工作绩效分析Performance Appraisal interview:工作绩效评价面谈Personnel (or human resource) management：人事（或人力资源）管理Personnel replacement charts：人事调配图Piecework：计件Point method 点线法Policies：政策Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) ：职位分析问卷Position replacement cards：职位调配卡Pregnancy discrimination act：怀孕歧视法案Profit-sharing plan利润分享计划Qualifications inventories：资格数据库Quality circle：质量圈Ranking method：排序法Rate ranges：工资率系列Ratio analysis：比率分析Reality shock：现实冲击Reliability：信度Retirement：退休Retirement benefits：退休福利Retirement counseling：退休前咨询Rings of defense：保护圈Skip-level interview：越级谈话Social security：社会保障Speak up! ：讲出来！Special awards：特殊奖励Stabilization sub stage：稳定阶段Staff (service) function：职能（服务）功能Standard hour plan：标准工时工资Stock option：股票期权vStraight piecework：直接计件制Strategic plan：战略规划Stress interview：压力面试Strictness/leniency：偏紧/偏松Strikes：罢工Structured interview：结构化面试Succession planning：接班计划Supplement pay benefits：补充报酬福利Supplemental unemployment benefits：补充失业福利Salary surveys：薪资调查Savings plan：储蓄计划Scallion plan：斯坎伦计划Scatter plot：散点分析GScientific management：科学管理Self directed teams：自我指导工作小组Self-actualization：自我实现Sensitivity training：敏感性训练Serialized interview：系列化面试Severance pay：离职金Sick leave：病假Situational interview：情境面试Survey feedback：调查反馈Sympathy strike：同情罢工System Ⅳ组织体系ⅣSystem I：组织体系Task analysis：任务分析Team building：团队建设Team or group：班组Termination：解雇；终止Termination at will：随意终止Theory X：X理论Theory Y：Y理论Third-party involvement：第三方介入Training：培训Transactional analysis (TA) ：人际关系心理分析Trend analysis：趋势分析Trial sub stage：尝试阶段Unsafe conditions：不安全环境Unclear performance standards：绩效评价标准不清Unemployment insurance：失业保险Unfair labor practice strike：不正当劳工活动罢工Unsafe acts：不安全行为Validity：效度Value-based hiring：以价值观为基础的雇佣Variable compensation：可变报酬Voluntary bargaining：自愿谈判项目Voluntary pay cut：自愿减少工资方案Voluntary time off：自愿减少时间Wage carve：工资曲线Work samples：工作样本Work sampling technique：工作样本技术Work sharing：临时性工作分担Worker involvement：雇员参与计划Worker's benefits：雇员福利人力资源管理词汇人力资源经理human resource manager高级管理人员executive职业profession道德标准ethics 0v$YXx1C-d操作工operative employees专家specialist人力资源认证协会the Human Resource Certification Institute,HRCI 外部环境external environment内部环境internal environment政策policy企业文化corporate culture目标mission股东shareholders非正式组织informal organization跨国公司multinational corporation,MNC管理多样性managing diversity工作job职位posting工作分析job analysis工作说明job description工作规范job specification工作分析计划表job analysis schedule,JAS职位分析问卷调查法Management Position Description Questionnaire,MPDQ 行政秘书executive secretary地区服务经理助理assistant district service manager人力资源计划Human Resource Planning,HRP战略规划strategic planning长期趋势long term trend要求预测requirement forecast供给预测availability forecast管理人力储备management inventory裁减downsizing人力资源信息系统Human Resource Information System,HRIS招聘recruitment员工申请表employee requisition招聘方法recruitment methods内部提升Promotion From Within ,PFW工作公告job posting广告advertising职业介绍所employment agency特殊事件special events实习internship选择selection选择率selection rate简历resume标准化standardization有效性validity客观性objectivity规范norm 5y1S i]录用分数线cutoff score准确度aiming业务知识测试job knowledge tests求职面试employment interview非结构化面试unstructured interview结构化面试structured interview小组面试group interview职业兴趣测试vocational interest tests会议型面试board interview1、人力资源管理词汇)2、人力资源管理：（Human Resource Management ，HRM）人力资源经理：（human resource manager）高级管理人员：（executive）职业：（profession）道德标准：（ethics）操作工：（operative employees）专家：（specialist）人力资源认证协会：（the Human Resource Certification Institute，HRCI）外部环境：（external environment）内部环境：（internal environment）政策：（policy）企业文化：（corporate culture）目标：（mission）股东：（shareholders）非正式组织：（informal organization）跨国公司：（multinational corporation，MNC）管理多样性：（managing diversity）2、工作：（job）职位：（posting）工作分析：（job analysis）工作说明：（job description）工作规范：（job specification）工作分析计划表：（job analysis schedule，JAS）职位分析问卷调查法：（Management Position Description Questionnaire，MPDQ）行政秘书：（executive secretary）地区服务经理助理：（assistant district service manager）3.人力资源计划：（Human Resource Planning，HRP）战略规划：（strategic planning）长期趋势：（long term trend）要求预测：（requirement forecast）供给预测：（availability forecast）管理人力储备：（management inventory）裁减：（downsizing）人力资源信息系统：（Human Resource Information System，HRIS）4、招聘：（recruitment）员工申请表：（employee requisition）招聘方法：（recruitment methods）内部提升：（Promotion From Within ，PFW）工作公告：（job posting）广告：（advertising）职业介绍所：（employment agency）特殊事件：（special events）实习：（internship）选择：（selection）选择率：（selection rate）简历：（resume）标准化：（standardization）有效性：（validity）客观性：（objectivity）规范：（norm）录用分数线：（cutoff score）准确度：（aiming）业务知识测试：（job knowledge tests）求职面试：（employment interview）非结构化面试：（unstructured interview）结构化面试：（structured interview）小组面试：（group interview）职业兴趣测试：（vocational interest tests）会议型面试：（board interview）5、组织变化与人力资源开发人力资源开发：（Human Resource Development，HRD）培训：（training）开发：（development）定位：（orientation）训练：（coaching）辅导：（mentoring）经营管理策略：（business games）案例研究：（case study）会议方法：（conference method）角色扮演：（role playing）工作轮换：（job rotating）在职培训：（on-the-job training ，OJT）媒介：（media）6、企业文化与组织发展企业文化：（corporate culture）组织发展：（organization development，OD）调查反馈：（survey feedback）质量圈：（quality circles）目标管理：（management by objective，MBO）全面质量管理：（Total Quality Management，TQM）团队建设：（team building）7、职业计划与发展职业：（career）职业计划：（career planning）职业道路：（career path）职业发展：（career development）自我评价：（self-assessment）职业动机：（career anchors）8、绩效评价绩效评价：（Performance Appraisal，PA）小组评价：（group appraisal）业绩评定表：（rating scales method）关键事件法：（critical incident method）排列法：（ranking method）平行比较法：（paired comparison）硬性分布法：（forced distribution method）宽松：（leniency）严格：（strictness）反馈：（-degree feedback）叙述法：（essay method）集中趋势：（central tendency）9、报酬与福利报酬：（compensation）直接经济报酬：（direct financial compensation）间接经济报酬：（indirect financial compensation）非经济报酬：（no financial compensation）工资水平领先者：（pay leaders）现行工资率：（going rate）劳动力市场：（labor market）工作评价：（job evaluation）因素比较法：（factor comparison method）评分法：（point method）海氏指示图表个人能力分析法：（Hay Guide Chart-profile Method）工作定价：（job pricing）工资等级：（pay grade）工资曲线：（wage curve）工资幅度：（pay range）各种企业的英文翻译：个人独资企业：sole proprietorship enterprise/sole investment engerprise 国营企业：state-run enterprise国有企业：state-owned enterprise集体企业：collectively-run enterprise乡镇企业：township enterprise公营企业：public enterprise私营企业：private enterprise私营工商业：privately owned individual and commercial enterprise公私合营企业：joint state-private enterprise合作社企业：cooperative enterprise合资企业：joint venture外向型企业：export-oriented enterprise劳动密集型企业：labor-intensive enterprise技术密集型企业：technology-intensive enterprise国有大中型企业：big-and-medium-sized state-owned enterprise 亏损企业：money-losing enterprise联合企业：conglomerate工业企业：industrial complex生产型企业：production enterprise三资企业（中外合资企业、中外合作企业、外方独资企业）：sino-foreign joint venturessino-foreign cooperative enterpriseforeign-funded enterprise。
英语阅读：美国历史上针对女性的9条奇葩禁令(双语)
美联英语提供：英语阅读：美国历史上针对女性的9条奇葩禁令（双语）两分钟做个小测试，看看你的英语水平/test/kuaisu.aspx?tid=16-73675-0美国历史上针对女性的9条奇葩禁令Although men and women now enjoy relatively good social, economic and political parity in this country, it wasn’t always the case. Believe it or not, these were all real things that women could not do.虽然美国现在男人和女人的社会、经济、政治地位近乎平等，但历史上并不总是如此。
信不信由你，下面这些就是历史上女性曾经被禁止做的事情。
1. Wear Revealing Swimsuits不准穿过于暴露的泳装During the 1920s, beachgoing women were expected to adhere to strict guidelines about how much skin they could reveal. There were actually law enforcement details whose sole responsibility was measuring women’s suits with measuring tapes. Infractions could be punished with arrest.20世纪20年代，前往沙滩的女性被要求遵守严格规则，皮肤的裸露面积不得超过一定值。
实际上，有些执法人员的唯一指责就是用卷尺测量女性的泳装，违法人员可能会被逮捕。
2. Run in the Boston Marathon不准参加波士顿马拉松Up until 1972, women were barred from running in the Boston Marathon. Roberta Gi bb wasn’t about to wait, though. In 1966 she insisted on running uninvited and unregistered. The next year, a woman named Katherine Switzer signed up as “K.V. Switzer” and was issued a number. She was greeted by a number of angry men, including Jock Semple, a race official who chased her, tried to rip off her number and (unsuccessfully) attempted to bully her off the track.1972年以前，女性被禁止参加波士顿马拉松。
考研英语阅读长难句lesson3
阅读语法长难句Lesson3
冒号和破折号的出现，意味着同位语的出现 It usually leads to no good——drinking, drugs and casual sex.
微博/公众号：章晋林老师
阅读语法长难句Lesson3
冒号和破折号的出现，意味着同位语的出现 It usually leads to no good——drinking, drugs and casual sex(同位 语). 同位语取其一，在情感色彩明确的情况下，抽象化理解即可。
需要利用冒号之后内容): instead of thinking of it as something that can
be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Q：Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring____ [A] temporary delight [B] enjoyment in progress [C] happiness in retrospect [D] lasting reward
核心：PDA法案判定如果因为员工怀孕而开除她是非法的
微博/公众号：章晋林老师
阅读语法长难句Lesson3
A，B，C A+C完整，B无视 Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. On the other hand不影响A+C的语法完整性
德斯勒人力资源管理(第12版)PPT_02
Early Court Decisions Regarding Equal Employment Opportunity
Griggs v. Duke Power Company
1
Burden of job-related proof on employer.
2
Employer’s nondiscriminatory intent is irrelevant.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
2–12
Employers and ADA
• Employers are not required to tolerate misconduct or erratic performance, even if the behaviors can be attributed to the disability.
• Unlawful employment practices for an employer:
➢ To fail or refuse to hire or to discharge an individual because of the individual’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
休产假带来的好处英语作文
休产假带来的好处英语作文Title: The Benefits of Maternity Leave。
Maternity leave, a period of absence from work grantedto a mother before and after the birth of her child,carries numerous benefits for both the mother and the child. This essay explores the advantages that maternity leave brings to individuals, families, and society as a whole.Firstly, maternity leave provides mothers with crucial time to recover physically and emotionally from childbirth. Pregnancy and childbirth are physically demanding processes, often leaving women exhausted and in need of rest.Maternity leave allows mothers to prioritize their ownhealth and well-being, ensuring they can recuperate fully before returning to work.Moreover, maternity leave fosters bonding between mothers and their newborns. The initial weeks and months after birth are crucial for establishing a strong emotionalconnection between mother and child. By spending uninterrupted time with their infants, mothers can breastfeed, comfort, and care for their babies, laying the foundation for a secure attachment that can positively impact the child's development.Additionally, maternity leave promotes the overallhealth and well-being of both mothers and babies. Breastfeeding, recommended by health experts as the best source of nutrition for infants, is facilitated whenmothers have dedicated time off work. Breastfeeding has numerous health benefits for babies, including reduced risk of infections, allergies, and chronic diseases. Furthermore, mothers who breastfeed are less likely to experience postpartum depression and have lower risks of certain cancers, such as breast and ovarian cancer.Furthermore, maternity leave supports gender equalityin the workforce. By providing paid leave for mothers, societies acknowledge and accommodate the unique needs of women during the childbearing and child-rearing stages of life. This helps to counteract gender discrimination in theworkplace and ensures that women can participate fully and equally in the labor market.Moreover, maternity leave contributes to the long-term economic stability of families. Although maternity leave may temporarily reduce a family's income, the benefits of allowing mothers to take time off work outweigh the short-term financial implications. Research shows that children whose mothers take maternity leave are more likely to receive regular medical care, have better cognitive development, and perform better academically in the long run. Thus, investing in maternity leave ultimately leads to a more prosperous and productive society.Furthermore, maternity leave policies can have positive effects on workplace culture and employee morale. Companies that offer generous maternity leave benefits demonstrate their commitment to supporting working parents and valuing work-life balance. This can lead to increased employee loyalty, satisfaction, and productivity, as workers feel valued and supported by their employers.In conclusion, maternity leave plays a vital role in promoting the health, well-being, and equality of mothers and babies, as well as the economic stability of families and the overall productivity of society. By recognizing the importance of maternity leave and implementing supportive policies, governments, employers, and societies can create environments where mothers can thrive both in the workplace and at home.。
Pregnancy Discrimination in the European Union在欧盟怀孕歧视-PPT精品文档
Tele Denmark v. Brandt-Nielson
ECJ: dismissal of a worker on account of her pregnancy was discriminatory regardless of the financial loss which would incurred by the employer and regardless of whether she was taken on for an indefinite or a fixed-term contract
term contracts, claiming dismissal on the grounds of her pregnancy)
ECJ: the non renewal of a pregnant workers fixed-term contract did not amount to a dismissal contrary to the Pregnant Workers’ Directive. However, this fact should be regarded as direct sex discrimination as motivated by the complaint’s sex contrary to the ETD 1976.
In line with Dekker and Webb
women's rights movement(女权运动)
May 1869
The primary goal of the organization is to achieve voting rights for women by means of a Congressional amen dment（国会修正案） to the Constitution(宪法）.
1935
Mary McLeod Bethune organizes the National Council of Negro Women, a coalition of black women's groups that lobbies against job discrimination, racism, and sexism.
The National Women's Trade Union League
1916
• Margaret Sanger opens the first U.S. birth-control clinic in Brooklyn, N.Y. Although the clinic is shut down 10 days later and Sanger is arrested, she eventually wins support through the courts and opens another clinic in New York City in 1923.
National Woman's Party
The National Woman's Party (NWP), was a women's organization founded in 1917 that fought for women's rights during the early 20th century in the United States, particularly for the right to vote on the same terms as men.
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European Level: Law applicable to all Member States European Court of Justice
Dutch case and the ECJ: Dekker 1991
(a pregnant woman selected for the post of training instructor in a youth centre) ECJ 1): “a refusal to employ a worker by virtue of her pregnancy amounted to direct sex discrimination contrary to the 1976 Equal Treatment Directive”
Solution in the Webb case
Webb: UK Case Webb v Cargo (UK 1992, 2019) & ECJ case (employed to cover another employee on maternity leave but becomes pregnant herself, after dismissed on the basis that unable to fulfil a substantial part of her contract: to cover an absent employee)
EC/EU Law and Pregnancy
ECJ (1994) in Webb: 1: Pregnancy discrimination is direct sex discrimination 2: Employers cannot now use pregnancy and maternity as criteria in decision making over recruitment, promotion or dismissal 3: This is without regard to how a man in comparable circumstances would be treated: that an employer would treat a sick man equally badly is not held to be a relevant consideration
Is the discrimination on the grounds of pregnancy direct sex discrimination?
Domestic Law: UK
UK case: Turley v. Allders Stores 1980 (non male comparator: non- discrimination)
UK case: Hayes v Malleable working Men’s Club 1985 (pregnant woman compared to a sick man)
Need to protect pregnant workers on the EC level
1: Legislation: essential ▪ Equal Treatment Directive 1976 /amended 2019 ▪ Pregnant Workers Directive 92/85 helpful ▪ Parental Leave Directive 96/34 ▪ Part time Work Directive 99/70 ▪ Fixed-term Work Directive Parental Leave, Flexible Time 2: Case Law ▪ Dekker, Webb, Melgar, Tele Danmark, Alabaster,
Dutch case Dekker 1991
ECJ 2) “ A refusal to employ because of the financial consequences of absence connected with pregnancy amounts to direct sex discrimination. Such discrimination cannot be justified by the financial detriment in the case of a pregnant woman suffered by the employer during her maternity leave”
Pregnancy Discrimination in the UK and the European Union
Dr Katarzyna Gromek-Broc York Law School
Direct Discrimination
▪ Direct Discrimination consists of treating a worker less favourably on grounds of sex or on racial grounds than another worker similarly situated to him/her ▪ The central test for sex discrimination is a comparison with a similarly situated man ▪ Essential feature: Use of comparator
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
EC/EU Law and Domestic Law approaching Pregnancy
Contradiction between the domestic and European Law
(EC/EU Law prevails) Hayes (UK): Comparative Approach Dekker (NL): Protected Status Approach