The research on electricity and coal price level supporting the economy development in China
英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷29
英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷29(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.科学家与环保人士担心全球变暖的问题。
使用化石燃料(如石油、煤)或大面积砍伐森林，是地球大气“温室气体”不断增加的两大因素。
这些气体所吸收的热能越来越多，最终将改变天气型态、造成海平面与海洋温度的上升，以及形成有害于植物、野生动物和人类栖息地的气候反常。
虽然科学界对全球变暖的影响程度尚有歧见，但若人类对温室效应造成的危险置之不理，无异于玩火自焚。
为避免温室效应加剧，从个人角度来看我们可以做的就是降低对化石燃料的依赖、减少用电，并采取最不耗损自然资源的生活方式。
在政府这个层面，世界大部份的工业化国家，已在一九九七年所签定的京都议定书中，宣誓将做到气体排放减量。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Scientists and environmentalists are concerned about global warming. The use of fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal and the deforestation of large areas are the two major factors behind rising levels of "greenhouse gases" in the Earth" s atmosphere. As these gases retain more and more heat energy, the eventual results will be altered weather patterns, an increase in sea levels and o-cean temperatures, and disruptive climate changes that affect the habitats of plants, wildlife and humans. Although there is disagreement within the scientific community about the extent of global warming , humans would be playing with fire if we were to ignore the danger it poses . As individuals, we can reduce our reliance on fossil fuels, use less electricity and adopt lifestyles that minimize the use of natural resources. On the governmental level, most of the world" s industrialized nations have pledged to cut gas emissions under the Kyoto Protocol in 1997.)解析：3.城市中的绿洲走在人声鼎沸、高楼耸立的城市里，大楼帷幕玻璃在阳光里闪闪发亮。
写节约能源的英语作文及翻译（通用9篇）
写节约能源的英语作⽂及翻译（通⽤9篇）写节约能源的英语作⽂及翻译（通⽤9篇） 在⽇常的学习、⼯作、⽣活中，⼤家总少不了接触作⽂吧，通过作⽂可以把我们那些零零散散的思想，聚集在⼀块。
那要怎么写好作⽂呢？以下是⼩编精⼼整理的写节约能源的英语作⽂及翻译，希望能够帮助到⼤家。
写节约能源的英语作⽂及翻译篇1 Energy shortage is a very serious problem in the world. Many people worry that energy resources on the earth will be exhausted if we use them in an unchecked way. This, most people agree, will cause serious problems and even crisis and jeopardize the survival of mankind . On the one hand, most people agree that the problem can be solved in one way or another. One is to conserve and save our energy. Energy refers not only to coal, oil, or natural gases but also to goods, land and water, etc. Most countries have realized the wastefulness in their using of energy. They are trying to conserve energy. For example, some countries have a daylight saving system to use less electricity for lighting. Some cities have enforced water savers at public such as restrooms and bars. Some have enforced serious penalties on overuse of electricity, water, and farming land. By these means, people hope the drain on energy resources could be slowed down. However, conservation alone cannot solve the problem. Another way, perhaps the best I think, is to develop new energy resources. Obviously, no matter how hard we try to save energy resources and how abundant they are, we will use them up sooner or later. I think there are many energy resources that we can develop and utilize. We don’t have to depend only on the current conventional energy resources. There are many other energy resources that we can develop such as nuclear power, waterpower and solar power. These resources, if developed, can completely replace the conventional energy and thus solve the problem of energy shortage. 能源短缺是世界上⼀个⾮常严重的问题。
你要节约用电英文作文
你要节约用电英文作文Title: The Importance of Conserving Electricity。
Electricity is an indispensable part of modern life, powering our homes, businesses, and industries. However, as our reliance on electricity grows, so does the need to conserve it. In this essay, we will explore the importance of conserving electricity and discuss various ways individuals can contribute to this effort.First and foremost, conserving electricity is crucial for environmental sustainability. The generation of electricity often involves the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas, which releases harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These emissions contribute to climate change, air pollution, and other environmental problems. By reducing our electricity consumption, we can decrease the demand for fossil fuels and mitigate their negative impact on the planet.Moreover, conserving electricity helps to preserve natural resources. Many power plants rely on water or other natural resources for their operations. Excessiveelectricity usage can strain these resources, leading to water shortages, habitat destruction, and other ecological damage. By using electricity more efficiently, we can lessen our dependence on finite resources and minimize the environmental harm associated with electricity generation.In addition to environmental benefits, conserving electricity also offers economic advantages. Energy conservation reduces the demand for electricity, which can help stabilize energy prices and lower utility bills for consumers. By using energy-efficient appliances, implementing smart energy management systems, andpracticing simple habits like turning off lights when they are not in use, individuals can save money on their electricity bills while also reducing their carbon footprint.Furthermore, conserving electricity contributes to energy security. Many countries rely on imported energysources to meet their electricity needs, which can make them vulnerable to supply disruptions and pricefluctuations in the global energy market. By reducing energy consumption and investing in renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, nations can enhance their energy independence andresilience to external shocks.Individuals play a critical role in conserving electricity. Simple actions such as unplugging electronic devices when they are not in use, using energy-efficient lighting and appliances, and adjusting thermostats to conserve energy can make a significant difference. Additionally, adopting sustainable practices in daily life, such as carpooling, using public transportation, and supporting renewable energy initiatives, can help reduce overall energy consumption and promote a more sustainable future.In conclusion, conserving electricity is essential for protecting the environment, preserving natural resources, saving money, and enhancing energy security. By adoptingenergy-efficient practices and embracing sustainable lifestyles, individuals can contribute to the collective effort to conserve electricity and build a more sustainable world for future generations. Together, we can make a positive impact and ensure a brighter future for ourselves and the planet.。
新核心综合学术英语教程3unit1-6答案全之欧阳家百创编
综合学术英语教程3 答案欧阳家百（2021.03.07）Unit 1 DefinitionKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with DefinitionReading1 Great Leaps in Modern Technology2. Technology, on the other hand, is more of an applied science. It is where tools and knowledgeare used for the study of a particular science. For example, the science of energy can havetechnology as its application. In the case of energy as a subject in science, solar panels can beused for a variety of technologies, an example of which are solar-powered lights.From the following website:/science/difference-between-science-and-technology/#ixzz37toZQcugTask 2 Understanding Lectures through DefinitionListening 11. phobia, hypnophobia, cynophobia, aerophobia2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) T 5) T 6) T 7) F 8) F1. 1) Indigenous knowledge means knowledge belonging to the country, rather than beingbrought there from another country.2) All the list items will probably be included since the title israther broad and general.3) For open discussion2. 1) International knowledge system.2) Knowledge capital, physical and financial capital.3) It contains the skills, experiences and insights of people, applied to maintain or improve their4) Medicine and veterinary medicine.5) It is considered the social capital, meaning an essential resource for survival and means ofsustenance and livelihood.6) a) It is inappropriate for new challenges or it adapts too slowly; b) The introduction offoreign technologies or development concepts that promise short-term gains or solutions toproblems that they cannot sustain.7) Agriculture, animal husbandry and ethnic veterinary medicine, primary health care,preventive medicine and psychosocial care, saving and lending.8) A higher variance of traits, less susceptible to the frequent droughts, reduce risks.9) a) Indigenous knowledge is vital for its bearers; b) Become fully aware of its value andcontributions to the intended objectives; c) It is an integral part of global knowledge in itsown right.10) An integration or combination of indigenous knowledge and foreign knowledge.Reading 2 Indigenous Knowledge3. 1) r. override 2) j. expertise 3) d. intimate 4) a. unanimous 5) g. intrusion6) u. dissemination 7) c. insights 8) l. susceptible 9) n. incorporating10) f. vanish11) m. interaction 12) s. scenario 13) i. detrimental 14) p. implement15) k. alleviation16) b. encompass 17) o. validate 18) h. impending 19) e. interweave 20) t. rational4. For reference:The two articles both employ definitions for the introduction of the terms and examples tovalidate each facet. Both use classifications, descriptions, comparison and contrast for furtheranalysis. One big difference lies in the perspective to view the title,with the first a ratherholistic discussion ranging from the status quo to the settlement of the existing problems andthe second a partial focus on chiefly its applications.Reading 3 Ultrasonics5. 1) component 2) accumulate 3) spherical 4) navigate 5) fatigue6) harness 7) version 8) synonymous 9) inhibit 10) integrity11) uniform 12) detect 13) incidence 14) monitor 15) probe16) intensity 17) convert 18) proceed 19) visualize 20) inspect6. Attention: there is a mistake here, the first should be Para. K Para. K—e Para. B—a Para. C—c Para. D—f Para. E—hPara. F—d Para. G—j Para. H—i Para. I—b Para. J—g7. 1) E 2) F 3) Para. E 4) E 5) F 6) Para. H 7) Para. H 8) E8. For open discussionTask 4 Writing an Essay of DefinitionReading 4 Disruptive Technologies1) Natural breathing will be provided by the robot for the patient during surgery.2) The pressure will have to be reduced by us.3) All instruments need to be sterilized.4) For us, some physical and technical factors may be considered/ taken into consideration.5) If we make sustained efforts, there is a chance that the environment will be improved.6) Some specific demands of the scientific establishment have to be made.7) The presence of the country has been felt more than ever by thewhole world.8) It seems that other explanations are hard to be found.9) The interaction between organism and environment is being perceived.10) The tests work most effectively if what will be measured can be most precisely defined.Integrated Exercises2. 1) component 2) integrity 3) mobilize 4) option 5) monitor 6) navigate 7) encompass8) compromise 9) incorporate 10) implement 11) impending 12) scenario3. 1) The survey encompasses social, political, and economic aspects of the situation.2) In some countries power is synonymous with corruption.3) The strike shut down many airports, but international f lights were unaffected.4) The scenery is beautiful but inaccessible to most ordinary travelers.5) The conflict deprived him of the means of livelihood.6) Such animals can withstand the extremes of weather.7) The rise in the time spent on the Internet is concomitant with the massive loss ofsociability.8) Many inventions such as gunpowder and the compass originated in China.9) The frequency of mining accidents has decreased over the past10 years.10) The maximum number of places offered by the medical school for the applicants is 15.5. 1) Scientists should warn people about PM 2.5 and the need to restrict their children’soutdoor activities to avoid even the minimal damage.2) The local government has implemented a development program for the mountain climbersto leave the surrounding region unaffected.3) We can reduce the risks to zero since we are sure of what risks they are running.4) To combat your anxiety, you should compel yourself tovisualize a promising future in which a problem has already been settled.5) He holds that developed countries should be held accountablefor economic growth on a global scale.6) Trash is not yet fully utilized, leading to overlooking the potential in it.7) A large number of females choose the option of personalfinance to achieve control of their own lives.8)The university has decided to invest in the project because ithas many technical advantages over other similar ones.9) Trees can provide shelter for both man and animals, which we tend to overlook.10) We are trying to achieve a sound understanding of liberal artscourses, which encompasses a wide range of subjects. Listening 2A. (1) F (2) T (3) T (4) F (5) T (6) T (7) TB. (1) Clouding computing is about the provision of computerresources like SaaS, PaaS, and infrastructure provision whileprivate computing isn’t.(2) 67.(3) Because the Industrial Revolution is not a thing, and it cannotbe defined by some specific products. It is a transformation ora transition involving concepts, ideas, ways of production,changing attitudes, etc.(4) Because it is more than just technology, as the speaker furthercompares it to electricity, which has transformed from aninnovation to much more of a utility service.(5) Ubiquitous.Listening 3A. (1) C (2) B (3) A (4) C (5) Dpressed, whisper, external, pockets, panic, assembly,psychological, reflection, simultaneous, architecture, figure out, legitimate, instantaneous, clicking, addictedC. (1) B, C (2) CUnit 2 ClassificationKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with Classification1. 1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes.2)Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), theproduction of CO2 ( the increase of population, thedemolition of trees, etc.).3) CO2 is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.4) Classification helps us to determine and understand therelationship of the parts of a subject which is studied by us.Classification is made on the basis of a clear definition.5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs tofollow a principle of classification and go on with a systemconsistently. For example, the categories of classificationshould be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is allowed. Reading 1 Causes for Global Warming2. Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel resource. It provides aboutone-quarter of the total energy the world uses, and 40 percent of the electricity generated worldwide is powered by coal. The steel industry also is greatly dependent upon this fossil fuel. Like other depleting sources of global energy, coal reserves are also on a steep decline. Moreover, coal is a greenhouse gas nightmare.Natural gas is comprised mostly of methane, although it also contains ethane, propane and butane. It is a convenient and efficient energy source. The major consumers of natural gas are the residential, commercial and industrial sectors. It is also used to generate electricity. Unlike other fossil fuels, natural gas is cleaner and causes less pollution. Like other fossil fuels, this resource is depleting rapidly.Task 2 Understanding Lectures through ClassificationListening 11. Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc.2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F3. Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivationexistence of unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict. Freud believes that unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head, namely, id,ego and superego, which are in violent internal conflict.Id functions on “the Pleasure Principle”, while ego workson“the Reality Principle” and superego is the internalized rules of a society. Ego is in between id and superego.Task 3 Reading Classification ArticlesReading 2 Renewable Energy Sources—A Brief Summary1. 1) Renewable energy is energy which comes from naturalresources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermalheat, which are renewable (naturally replenished).2)□√The purpose of using renewable energy sources.√The classification of renewable energy sources.□√The examples of different types of renewable energy sources.□□√The advantages and disadvantages of various types of renewable energy sources.√The history of the use of different energy sources.□□ How energy is obtained from various sources.3) I would write:(1) The definition of the renewable energy.(2) The classification of the renewable energy.(3) The advantages and the disadvantages of various types of renewable energy sources.2. 1) The signing of the Kyoto Treaty.2) It converts the sun’s rays into energy.3) The main demerit is that it is limited.4) Sailors, farmers and architects.5) The main advantage is that this doesn’t produce any by-products that can be harmful to the environment.6) Because the Earth’s crust continuously decays, replenishing the heat.7) They use the force of the water to push the turbine which inturn powers a generator thus generating electricity.8) It poses a problem for fish and aquatic plants on both sides of the dam.9) They contain no petroleum, and they are nontoxic and biodegradable.10) The Environmental Protection Agency.3. 1) j. evolution 2) s. solar 3) a. architect 4) l. geothermal 5) p. preserve6) b. biodegradable 7) r. radioactive 8) f. crusade 9) h. distribute10) q. radiant11) i. domestic 12) t. validation 13) k. generator 14) d. capture15) g. definitely16) n. install 17) e. consumption 18) m. harness 19) o. internal 20) c. bladeReading 3 Types of Pollution5. 1) voluntary 2) construction 3) contamination 4) eruption 5) regulation6) deforestation 7) yield 8) irrigation 9) confine 10) sewage11) hazardous 12) residential 13) vapor 14) decay 15) erosion16) disrupt 17) particulate 18) underground 19) concentration 20) combathistory and has been advancing constantly, thus enabling us to convert heat into electricity, which can be stored, ready for use. Task 4 Writing an Essay of ClassificationReading 4 Types of Sustainability1.despite the occasional utilizations of interrogative sentences. 2) To support the truths, reliable evidence is quoted by scholars in all disciplines.3) Much importance should be attached to the comprehension of thedifference between education and training.4) A person who exposes himself to the sunlight for excessive time issusceptible to malignant melanoma.5) Students doing temporary jobs display a better performance in their academic studies.6) American frontier is deeply rooted in many aspects of American character.7) The direct involvement of many a foreign country is evident in theprocess of US territorial expansion.8) Parents need to equipped with much care and knowledge while raising a kid.9) Environment plays a vital role in the growth of plants.10) In the past, Beijing was ravaged by dust storms for 20 days annually.Integrated Exercises2. 1) motivation 2) demolish 3) symptom 4) combat 5) capture 6)distribute 7) assert 8) yield9) internal 10) emergence 11) adherence 12) disrupt3. 1) Internet acces s is available in the students’ dormitory.2) If you can harness your energy, you’ll be rewarded with huge accomplishments.3) It has been confirmed that foul weather is highly hazardous for sea navigation.4) The governmental nuclear waste disposal plan aroused fierceprotests from the local residents.5) Extinction of this rare species of bird is foreseeable if effective measures are not taken.6) While delivering a public speech, a speaker must articulate his/her arguments.7) I highly esteem his current research on stem cells.8) A speaker cannot always secure the cooperation of the audience.9) The car industry of this country is sheltered by its government from foreign competition.10) Even a moderate elevation of blood pressure leads to shortened life expectancys.5. 1) The effective disposal of the recognized sources of pollutiondemonstrates to be of great aid in the elevation of people’squality of life.2) Since the rapid evolution of technology, the lifestyles of thegenerations ahead of us will witness a revolutionized change.3) Tapping heat from the Earth enables the residents of resource-poorregions to combat the poor conditions.4) The downside of the practice of fertilizing the soil by burningstraws is the fact that the released dusts and particles pose aserious problem for the health of the respiratory system.5) This campaign, organized by environmentally consciousindividuals, has a measurable effect on the generalimprovement of all the people’s environmental protectionawareness.6) The history of deforestation can date back to two millenniums ago,which has deteriorated constantly in the modern times,leading to a huge loss of wildlife habitat.7) During the visit to Huangshan (Yellow Mountain), the touristswere amazed at how nature works wonders, realizing thatbeauty is only sustainable if all of us care for the environmentaround us.8) Drug abuse is a general degradation of lifestyle, causing immediate health effects.9) Oil leakage in the mainstream river considerably decreases thequantity of drinkable water; what’s worse, the adverse effectsare not confined to areas near the source.10) Luckily, the pollution inflicted by this accident will be effectivelyremoved through natural cycles, not having a negative impacton the environment.Listening 2A. (1) T (2) F (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) F (7) FB. (1) The individual’s potential and the importance of growth and self-actualization.(2) The lower one.(3) By providing lunch breaks, rest breaks and sufficient wages to purchase essentials.(4) The love and belonging needs.(5) They are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, lessconcerned with the opinions of other people, and interested infulfilling their potential.C. This lecture is about Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs,namely physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Physiological needs are the most basic and instinctive ones, which must be satisfied first.Safety needs refer to the needs for safety and security, also important for survival. Social needs include the needs for belonging, love and affection, the deprivation of which leads to unhappiness. Esteem needs reflect on personal worth, social recognition and accomplishment; if unmet, it may lead to inferiority complex. Self-actualization needs are at the highest level, meaning to realize a person’s full potential, capacities and talents.Listening 3A. (1) A (2) A (3) D (4) C (5) BB. classically, runny nose, sore throat, intrigued, initially, clinically,alludes to, building up, immune, alongside, shuffling, rip through, hospitalizationsC. (1) B C E(2) ① A B C ② A B ③ A B ④ A B ⑤ A B C ⑥ C ⑦ A ⑧ A⑨ A ⑩A CUnit 3 Comparison and ContrastKeys to the ExercisesTask 1 Familiarizing Yourself with Comparison and Contrast1. 1) Electric vehicles and gas vehicles.2) The energy they used, the distance, the cost and convenience.3) The electric vehicles and gas vehicles share some similarities:the appearance of muscle cars, all the standard features anditem. In such a pattern, the writer structures his paragrapharound points of comparison, moving back and forth betweenthe subjects.5) The former one—list all similarities of the two subjects, then their differences.Reading 1 Electric Vehicles and Gas Vehicle2. What’s more, there is a health factor that affects both of them.Canned food loses some of the original fresh food nutrients when stored, and also has to be tinned with many preservatives and chemical factors that prolong the shelf life and apparent freshness of the food but could become toxic if consumed too often. Fresh food, on the other hand, often comes straight from a farm and has all the nutrients Mother Nature intended for it. As we can see, fresh food offers many benefits that canned food lacks. Therefore, an informed diner should always choose to eat fresh. After all, we could all use to improve our health.Task 2 Understanding Lectures Through Comparison and ContrastListening 12. 1) T. What I’m just beginning to realize right now, is that we paya huge price for the speed that we claim is a big advantage ofthese computers.2) F. And they consume one and a half megawatts of power. Sothat would be really great, if you could add that to theproduction capacity in Tanzania. It would really boost theeconomy.3) F. Now, how much computation does the brain do? I estimate10 to the 16 bits per second, which is actually about verysimilar to what Blue Gene does. So that’s the question.4) T. So what we are doing right now with computers with theenergy consumed by 1,200 houses, the brain is doing with the energy consumed by your laptop.5) F. How does that compare with the way computers work? Inthe computer, you have all the data going through the central processing unit, and any piece of data basically has to go through that bottleneck, whereas in the brain, what you have is these neurons.6) T. This is something that we’ve been working on for the last couple of years.3. 120,000 processors10 to the 16 bits per second1.5 megawatts10 quadrillion bits per second10 watts4. Although computers have strong power to process data, they stillcannot compare to the brain of human beings in which an unbelievable number of neurons connect and react with each other so that a real net could be accomplished perfectly. The research on how the computer could be as powerful as a brain will continue going on.Task 3 Reading Comparison and Contrast Articles2. 1) Consumer perceptions of organic processes and products andthose involving biotechnology.2) Health, environment, risk and ethics.3) No study has directly elicited comparable attitudes aboutorganic and GM products and processes.4) The average participant slightly, but not strongly, agreed withthe positively worded health attributes (e.g., organic food ishealthier), and disagreed with the negatively worded healthattributes (e.g., organic food is less healthy). The averageresponse about the healthfulness of GM foods was generallyneutral.5) Both were thought to have higher levels of nutrients than traditional food.6) Generally, consumers perceive organic food production as environmentally friendly.7) Respondents perceived GM foods as possessing a higher levelof risk than other classes of food.8) Social acceptability is one motive driving the purchase of organic food.9) Respondents did not have major ethical objections to GM food.10) Forty-five percent.Reading 2 Perceptions of Genetically Modified and Organic Foods and Processes3. 1) p. prevalent 2) a. perception 3) i. moderate 4) f. construct 5) q.advantageous 6) k. attribute 7) c. organic 8) h. volume 9) l.nutrient 10) d. elicit 11) g. explicitly 12) b. warrant13) m. inherent 14) t. respondent 15) e. empirical 16) j. contradict17) o. obesity18) n. cure 19) s. neutral 20) r. motiveReading 3 A Comparative Report of Organic Food vs. Genetically Modified Food5. 1) synthetic 2) manure 3) botanical 4) alter 5) regulation 6)compost 7) recommendation8) mineral 9) federal 10) potent 11) organism 12) network 13)transformation 14) normal\15) chemical 16) trace 17) negative 18) poll 19) facilities 20) modification8. My summary is: Fueled by health concerns, people havefocused more on the origin of food over the past decade; so to answer their questions, this report shows that organic foods are the best choice compared with genetically modified food.Task 4 Writing an Essay of Comparison and ContrastReading 4 Fast Food Restaurant: McDonald’s vs. Wendy’s1. B. Wendy’s1) the Ultimate Chicken Grill2) small order of chiliMcDonald’s1) fruit yogurt parfait2) green apple slices (kid’s menu)3) healthier sandwich choices (such as McVeggie Burger,Chicken Fajitas, and Whole Wheat Chicken McGrill)C. Presentation of food: At Wendy’s, not only are the mealoptions excellent, the presentation of healthy menu choices issuperior.Wendy’s salads are large and fresh with only one hindrance: excess water at the bottom of the bowl.McDonald’s salads lack in appearance and freshness. These salads appear thrown together and often look wilted.D. Wendy’s:the first major fast food chain to offer fast food salad as a meal’s main course.McDonald’s: n ow also offers salads as a main course menu choice, in reaction to the popularity of Wendy’s salads.E. Meal variety, good presentation and several salad choices areall considered when evaluating a fast food restaurant. Withfast food restaurants such as Wendy’s and McDonald’savailable, it is considerably easier for people to make healthierfood choices.5. 1) None of his speech is imperfect in organization and wording.2) The manager will not miss the opportunity to accept the students’ proposals.3) Kevin did not deny he took risky bets and lied to cover themup but claimed his superiors were not ignorant of his doing.4) It was told that their work n eeded to be improved as it wasn’t done well.5) It is not avoidable that the public won’t miss such scandals in the business world.6) Never will my parents be unready to help me out.7) Hardly did the idea of returning to his hometown stop recurring in his dreams.8) The islands failed to find that they were ready to fight against the outside intruders.9) It was not until failing to catch the last bus to the city late onenight did Mike not know what to do next.10) Never does he lose the optimistic confidence for life eventhough things don’t always go smoothly.Integrated Exercise2. 1) accommodate 2) exhibition 3) consistent 4) negative 5) considerably 6) response7) version 8) regulation 9) capacity 10) alter 11) trace 12) involve3. 1) Older people are less likely to perceive situations negativelybecause they’re typically more tolerant.2) In most cases, the major reason for conducting an analysis,although not often explicitly stated, appears to be to justify taxpayer spending.3) The organization of the novel allowed readers to reconstructthe story by adding missing elements and arranging thesequence of the events.4) These skills are easy to learn and can add considerably to theoverall enjoyment of spending time out-of-doors.5) He was asked to refine his draft headline to make it clearer and more exact.6) It is inevitable that success in most work is evaluated by income.7) The rejection of the parents’ political and religious beliefs puttheir children in a difficult position.8) It is well-known that the government will be consistent in itspositions on civil rights legislation.9) The public figures who are seeking to further their careerscannot make selections about the publicity they desire.10) Considerable modification of the existing system is needed to increase efficiency.5. 1) An appropriate use of limited natural resources isadvantageous for the Earth environment where human beingslive.2) The uncertainty over this region continues to grow; what ismore unfortunate, people may need some time to adapt.3) Conventional notions holds that organic food is much healthierthan genetically modified food.4) The brand gown designed by Marina comes to accommodatethe need for a number of occasions, including churches, dinners, business and other special occasions.5) There is a more prevalent concern that the shortage of thisresearch is due to the overall lack of knowledge of AIDS groups and the difficulty of access to those groups.6) After being exposed to and weighing the information aboutthose risks, US researchers suggested that childhood obesity prevention should occur/happen as early as possible, as much as possible before birth.7) If this change is made, you are likely to run the risk of losingthe audience and your reputation.8) In the modern society, in rejection of the traditional stereotypethat women need more care and tendance, many womenassume/undertake the responsibility of raising a family.9) Since the 21st century, the short-term certificates are rapidlygaining popularity, especially for non-white students.10) The research found that 75 percent of American teenagersalways boast a healthy self-image.Listening 2A. (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) F (7) TB. (1) When the speaker was 15 years old, he first discovered the good waste problem.(2) He grabbed hold of it, sat down, and ate his breakfast with pigs.(3) It gave him faith that the people do have the power to stop thistragic waste of food resources and bring about that change.(4) 40 to 60 percent.(5) The best thing is to feed pigs with food waste, and then their meat will be turned back intofood.(6)“Feeding the 5,000” is an event the author first organized in2009. They fed 5,000 people all on food that otherwise wouldhave been wasted.C. Food waste has always been a tragic result for both humans andthe food. People discard some food may be just because of its wrong size or shape. These foods include not only vegetables and fruits, but also some animal products. The waste food ends up in pigs’ stomachs or landf ill sites. The author has gone to many corners of the world to spread the belief that food should not be wasted, for the resources on the Earth are limited and people should learn to share and cherish them. Excessive food waste could lead to serious outcomes for the environment. Listening 3A. (1) A (2) B (3) D (4) C (5) DB. difference, farmers, life, grass, roll, volunteer, close, fresh, know, community, actually, goC. (1) D (2) EBCDAUnit 4CAUSE AND EFFECTKeys to the ExercisesTask 1Reading 11. 1) For essential hypertension, there are age and race, diet and lifestyle, obesity, diabetes, stress; insufficient intake of potassium, calcium, and magnesium, lack of physical activity, and chronic alcohol consumption. For secondary hypertension, there are kidney diseases, tumors or otherabnormalities.2) For essential hypertension, the supporting evidences are“high blood pressure tends to run in families and is more likely to affect men than women. Age and race also play a role. In the United States, blacks are twice as likely as whites to have high blood pressure, although the gap begins to narrow around age 44. After age 65, black。
我们用电代替煤英语作文
我们用电代替煤英语作文Title: Embracing Electricity over Coal: A Shift Towards Sustainable Energy。
In recent years, the global community has witnessed a remarkable transition from traditional fossil fuels to cleaner and more sustainable sources of energy. Among these transitions, the shift from coal to electricity stands out as a pivotal moment in our quest for a greener future. This essay explores the significance of embracing electricity over coal and the profound impact it has on environmental preservation, economic development, and societal well-being.First and foremost, the decision to prioritizeelectricity over coal marks a crucial step towardsmitigating climate change and preserving our planet's delicate ecosystem. Unlike coal, which emits copious amounts of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide andsulfur dioxide when burned for energy generation,electricity offers a cleaner alternative with significantlylower carbon emissions. By harnessing renewable sourceslike solar, wind, and hydroelectric power to produce electricity, nations can drastically reduce their carbon footprint and combat the looming threat of global warming.Furthermore, the transition to electricity opens up new avenues for economic growth and innovation. Investing in renewable energy infrastructure creates jobs in manufacturing, construction, and research sectors, stimulating economic activity and driving technological advancements. Additionally, by reducing reliance onimported coal and transitioning to domestically produced electricity, nations can enhance energy security and reduce vulnerability to volatile global energy markets. This shift towards self-sufficiency fosters economic resilience and strengthens national competitiveness in the global arena.Moreover, embracing electricity over coal brings about tangible benefits for public health and societal well-being. Coal combustion is a major contributor to air pollution, releasing harmful pollutants such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and mercury into the atmosphere. Thesepollutants pose serious health risks, including respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders, disproportionately affecting vulnerable communities living near coal-fired power plants. By transitioning to cleaner electricity sources, we can improve air quality, protect public health, and promote environmental justice by reducing the burden of pollution on marginalized populations.Additionally, the adoption of electricity as a primary energy source enables greater efficiency and flexibility in energy distribution and consumption. Unlike coal-fired power plants, which are often located far from urban centers and require extensive infrastructure for transportation and storage, electricity can be generated and distributed close to where it is needed, minimizing transmission losses and maximizing energy efficiency. Furthermore, advancements in smart grid technology and energy storage solutions facilitate the integration of renewable energy sources into the grid, ensuring a reliable and resilient electricity supply while reducing dependence on finite fossil fuels.In conclusion, the transition from coal to electricity represents a fundamental shift towards a more sustainable, equitable, and prosperous future. By embracing electricity as the cornerstone of our energy system, we can mitigate climate change, spur economic growth, improve public health, and build resilient communities. However, realizing thefull potential of this transition requires concertedefforts from governments, businesses, and individuals to invest in renewable energy infrastructure, adopt energy-efficient technologies, and promote sustainable practices. Together, we can harness the power of electricity to create a cleaner, healthier, and more prosperous world for generations to come.。
科技英语翻译重点句子总结
科技英语翻译重点句子总结1、P23 【例1】时态翻译The waster radiation is revolutionizing X-ray science, enabling researchers to see things on an atomic level with eyes that are a million times more powerful than ever before.这种歧视为废物的辐射使X射线科学发生了一场革命：它使科研工作者能用眼睛看到原子级的东西，这一放大率比以往提高了100万倍。
2、P24 【例3】虚拟语气If the reaction took hours, and not seconds, the fuel costs would be prohibitive.如果这一反应要花费数小时，而不是几秒钟，燃料费就太高了。
3、P24 【例6】虚拟语气Moving parts of a machine would wear much more rapidly without being oiled.机器的运动部件如果不加油就会磨损的非常快。
4、P24 【例7】祈使句Keep the batteries in dry places, and electricity may not be made to leak away.（如果）把蓄电池放在干燥的地方，就不会漏电。
5、P25 【例12】被动语态In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us.换言之，矿物就是存在于地球上，但须经过挖掘、钻孔、人工爆破或类似作业才能获得的物质。
能源资源英语作文
能源资源英语作文能源资源英语作文（精选17篇）在平平淡淡的学习、工作、生活中，说到作文，大家肯定都不陌生吧，写作文可以锻炼我们的独处习惯，让自己的心静下来，思考自己未来的方向。
那么你有了解过作文吗？以下是小编精心整理的`能源资源英语作文，希望对大家有所帮助。
能源资源英语作文篇1With the fast development of economy and society many problems have been appeared and caused some negative impacts on our lives. Energy shortage is one of the most serious problems in the world.Many reasons can account for energy shortage. In the first place the demand for energy has been substantial increased as various industries develop rapidly. Moreover the population growth is another factor. As the time elapses the increasing number of population has required more energy for living and working and other areas. Last but not least wasting energy is a great serious and common phenomenon all the time.In order to solve the problem all of us should go into action together. For one thing we should try our best to find out the renewable energy to replace the energy that we consumed most. For another everyone should develop the concept that energy is limited and we have to form a habit to save energy. And we can save energy in our lives by starting from small details such as turn off the light when leaving.In a word energy shortage has been a big and serious problem in the world. Therefore we should make our efforts to solve it by finding new renewable energy and saving energy and any other possible ways.能源资源英语作文篇2Energy shortage is a huge problem for modern society and it has a negative impact on people's daily life and economic development. Many elements account for energy shortage. Firstly rapid economic development prompts an increase of energy consumptions in different industries. Secondly population growth creates greater demands for household energy usage. Thirdly people have yet to develop the sense of energy conservation. Actually we can do a lot to save energy in daily life. Turn off lights and fans when nobody is in the room; design buildings with the concept of energy saving; use public transit instead of private cars in rush hours... It is very easy for us to do these things as long as we have the sense of energy conservation and we should do it right now!能源资源英语作文篇3Another round of energy crisis is knocking at the door. in 2004 world oil consumption reached a new record causing oil price in the international market to skyrocket amazingly. as for china it was reported that many traditional mineral cities in northeastern china had run into predicament with their economy collapsed and workers unemployed only because coal had been mined out. fossil energy resources including coal oil and gas are unlike sunlight water power and wind power which are generated consistently. they’re not practically reproductive during human history. once consum ed they’re gone forever.If they were to be exhausted before we could find sufficient reproductive resources to replace them with we’d have to live in entire blackout again like our ancestors have done thousands of years ago. that’s of course not what anyo ne would want to see.Due to technical limitations people still have to utilize these resources now. as a result we must economize them most cleverly. new techniques should be developed and applied to reduce energy cost in industry and daily life. alternative energy should be employed wherever possible. eradicate any practice that wastes energy.Humans have overcome so many crises in history and we’re sure to win this time also.能源资源英语作文篇4China is rich in various energy resources. Coal and petroleum, for instance, are two major ones. They are essential in developing the country's industry, science and technology. China has done a great deal in the past few decades to raise its output of coal and petroleum.Three energy resources are being used up rapidly, With the building of four modernization, new industrial and science projects are springing up like bamboo shoots after rain. They are all big consumers of energy resources. Besides there has been considerable waste in the utilization of these resources.To avoid an energy crisis in the future, the government must take certain measures. First, it should let people know the importance of saving energy. Second, efforts should be made to develop new energy resources, such as solar energy, geothermal(地热) energy and so on. We have reason to be optimistic in this respect.能源资源英语作文篇5It’s a great honor for me to bring you a brief introduction about the Electric Power and Energy in China.Maybe 15 years ago when I just graduated from my primary school, I had to study in a candle at night and my friend had tosuffer from the hot weather in the city in summer, because we are facing a very serious problem as you are facing now, the shortage of the electricity as a result of the repaid development of the society.But by now this problem has been solved. China has been the largest energy producing and consuming country. In 2015, we have consumed about 4 billion ton standard coal of all kind of energy, and about 5,550 billion kWh of electricity. We have successfully solved this problem because by years construction of power plants, we have 1.4 billion kW of installed capacity now. By 2020, 2030, and 2050, the total install capacity will be about 2 billion, 2.4 billion and 3.6 billion kW, respectively. But this has brought us another serious problem, the serious atmosphere pollution.Just as I mentioned, China consumes about 4 billion ton standard coal of all kinds of energy, the thing is that 70% of this number is real coal. In the energy structure, coal has been taking a leading position in a very long time. Thus, the percentage of high-quality energy, such as oil and gas, and clean energy is very low, and the level of electrification is not high. We are trying to modify the structure of the energy consumption. Take Beijing, who has been suffering the most serious atmosphere pollution, as an example, is closing all of its 4 large coal-fired power plants by 2016, and these will be replaced by gas-fired power plant.In order to realistic the sustainable development of energy, as well as deal with the air pollution problem, Chinese government has published many policies to encourage the development of renewable energy, namely hydropower, wind power, solar power, etc. In 2020 renewable energy will account for 20% of China’s electricity consumption, and 15% of all kindsof energy; In 2030, this proportion will increase to 30% and 20%; and by 2050, this percentage will be 50% and 30%.So what do we have to achieve that goalWe have about 540,000 MW of technical capacity of hydropower, and by 2015, we have developed about 300,000MW; we have more than 2 billion kW of onshore wind power potential capacity, and by 2015, we have developed 100,000MW; we have more than 3 billion kW of solar power potential capacity if we are going to use 5% of the desert and we have by now developed 5,000MW. We have the largest hydropower install capacity, the largest wind power install capacity as well as the solar power capacity in the world for years. We are moving forward to our goal step by step. As a request of the scientific develop of renewable energy, China has 13 large hydropower generation bases, which add up to 320,000 MW, planned by HYDROCHINA; China has more than 8 wind power bases, each capacity of which can be more than 1000MW.Having solved the sustainable development and air pollution problem, we have to face other problems. The coal, hydro, wind and solar resources distribute mostly in the north, southwest, and west of China, but the load center is in east and south part of China. So we must face the problem of long-distance transmission of electricity, just as you are facing now. And as a result of the seasons and weather changes, hydropower and wind power must cooperate with the coal-fired power. We have built and operated lots of power grid, and have made many trials to stabilize the grid, and have eventually successfully solved these problems.What I’m going to say is that, we have been through the problems you are facing now, and we have gain experience fromboth good and bad sides. We have the ability and confidence to help you solve your problem, to give you the successful experience but not the same fault we have made. That’s why we are here today, please have confidence in us just as we do, and embrace a bright future!能源资源英语作文篇6Water is very important to us.Without water, people will die.Animals and plant need water, too .But water is becoming less and less.We must do something to save it.For example,turn off the tap,if you don’t it.A fter washing vegetables,we can use the water to water the plant.Also,don’t wash your hands for a long time.Remember not to waster water or pollute it.Save water,save our earth!let’s take action now!译文：节约能源资源英语作文水对我们来说非常重要。
节约电的英语作文
节约电的英语作文Title: The Importance of Conserving Electricity。
Electricity plays a pivotal role in our daily lives, powering our homes, businesses, and industries. However, its production often involves the consumption of finite resources and can have detrimental effects on the environment. Therefore, it is imperative that we take proactive measures to conserve electricity. In this essay, we will explore the significance of conserving electricity and discuss various strategies to achieve this goal.First and foremost, conserving electricity helps to reduce our carbon footprint and mitigate climate change. The generation of electricity, particularly from fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming and environmental degradation. By using electricity more efficiently and reducing our overall consumption, we can decrease the demand for fossil fuels and thus lessen theirharmful impact on the planet.Furthermore, conserving electricity can lead to significant cost savings for individuals, businesses, and governments alike. Electricity bills can make up a substantial portion of household expenses, especially in regions where energy prices are high. By adopting energy-efficient practices and technologies, such as using LEDlight bulbs, optimizing heating and cooling systems, and investing in energy-efficient appliances, consumers can lower their electricity bills and free up financial resources for other purposes.Moreover, conserving electricity helps to enhanceenergy security and promote sustainable development. Dependence on imported fossil fuels can leave countries vulnerable to supply disruptions and price fluctuations, jeopardizing their economic stability and national security. By reducing electricity consumption and diversifying energy sources, nations can strengthen their energy resilience and foster a more sustainable and secure energy future.In addition to its environmental and economic benefits, conserving electricity also fosters innovation and technological advancement. The pursuit of energy efficiency drives research and development in areas such as renewable energy, smart grid technology, and energy storage solutions. By incentivizing investment in clean energy technologiesand promoting energy-saving practices, we can acceleratethe transition to a more sustainable and resilient energy system.To achieve meaningful progress in conservingelectricity, it is essential to adopt a multi-faceted approach that encompasses both individual actions and systemic changes. At the individual level, simple habits such as turning off lights when not in use, unplugging electronics when they are not being used, and using energy-efficient appliances can make a significant difference in reducing electricity consumption. Educating and raising awareness among the public about the importance of energy conservation is also crucial in fostering a culture of sustainability.Moreover, governments and policymakers play a crucial role in facilitating energy conservation through the implementation of supportive policies and regulations. This may include incentivizing the adoption of renewable energy sources, establishing energy efficiency standards for buildings and appliances, and investing in infrastructure upgrades to improve energy efficiency. By providing incentives, subsidies, and regulatory frameworks that encourage energy conservation, governments can create an enabling environment for sustainable development.In conclusion, conserving electricity is imperative for mitigating climate change, reducing costs, enhancing energy security, and fostering innovation. By adopting energy-efficient practices and promoting sustainable energy solutions, we can minimize our environmental impact and build a more sustainable and resilient future for generations to come. It is incumbent upon individuals, businesses, governments, and civil society to work together collaboratively to address the challenges of energy conservation and create a more sustainable world.。
讨论绿色能源英语作文
讨论绿色能源英语作文Green Energy: A Vital Pathway to a Sustainable Future.As the world increasingly grapples with the twin challenges of climate change and energy security, the need for sustainable and renewable energy sources has become paramount. Green energy, encompassing a diverse range of renewable resources like solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, offers a promising alternative to traditional fossil fuels, promising a cleaner, safer, and more sustainable future.The benefits of green energy are numerous and far-reaching. Firstly, it significantly reduces carbon emissions, a primary culprit in global warming and climate change. By harnessing renewable resources, we can slash our dependency on coal and oil, thereby mitigating the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions. Secondly, green energy is a renewable resource, meaning it can be continuously replenished, unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and depleting rapidly. This ensures energy security andsustainability for future generations.Moreover, green energy is economically viable and job-creating. The renewable energy industry is booming, creating thousands of jobs and generating billions of dollars in economic activity. As governments and private sector invest in green energy infrastructure, new opportunities will arise in areas like engineering, construction, maintenance, and research and development.Solar energy, one of the most promising forms of green energy, harnesses the power of the sun to generate electricity. With advances in technology, solar panels are becoming more efficient and cost-effective, making them a viable option for both residential and commercial use. Solar energy not only reduces carbon emissions but also provides a reliable and sustainable source of power, especially in remote and rural areas where access to traditional grid power is limited.Wind energy is another significant contributor to green energy efforts. Wind turbines,利用风能转化为电能的技术，arebeing installed in increasing numbers across the globe, particularly in windy regions like the United States, Europe, and Asia. Wind energy is a clean and renewable source of power that can be harnessed on both a small and large scale, providing a sustainable and reliable energy source for homes, businesses, and communities.Hydroelectric power, harnessing the energy of moving water, is another well-established form of green energy. Hydroelectric dams and turbines convert the kinetic energy of flowing water into electricity, providing a clean and renewable source of power. However, while hydroelectric power has significant benefits, it also has some environmental impacts, such as displacement of communities and alteration of river ecosystems. Therefore, it iscrucial to carefully evaluate and mitigate these impacts to ensure sustainable development.Biomass energy, derived from organic matter like wood, crops, and waste, is another form of green energy. Biomass energy can be converted into heat, electricity, or biofuels like biodiesel and biogas. It is a renewable andsustainable source of energy that can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions while also providing economic and social benefits, such as job creation and waste reduction.To fully harness the potential of green energy, it is crucial to invest in research and development, improve technology efficiency, and create enabling policies and frameworks. Governments should provide incentives and subsidies to encourage private sector investment in green energy projects, while also regulating and enforcing environmental standards to ensure sustainable development.In conclusion, green energy is a critical component of a sustainable future. By harnessing renewable resources like solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, we can reduce carbon emissions, ensure energy security, and create economic and social benefits for future generations. It is a journey that requires commitment, collaboration, and innovation from all stakeholders, but it is a journey that is worth taking for the sake of our planet and its people.。
九年级英语能源类型词汇单选题30题答案解析版
九年级英语能源类型词汇单选题30题答案解析版1.There are many kinds of energy. Coal, oil and natural gas are all______.A.fossil fuelsB.solar energyC.wind powerD.hydro power答案：A。
“fossil fuels”意为“化石燃料”，煤炭、石油和天然气都是化石燃料。
“solar energy”是太阳能，“wind power”是风力，“hydro power”是水力，都不符合题意。
2.We should try to use more______to protect the environment.A.nuclear energyB.renewable energyC.electric energyD.heat energy答案：B。
“renewable energy”意为“可再生能源”，为了保护环境我们应该使用更多可再生能源。
“nuclear energy”是核能，有一定危险性；“electric energy”是电能，范围太宽泛；“heat energy”是热能，不符合题意。
3.Solar panels can convert______into electricity.A.solar energyB.wind energyD.coal energy答案：A。
“solar panels”太阳能电池板可以把太阳能转化为电能。
“wind energy”是风能，“hydro energy”是水能，“coal energy”是煤炭能源，都不符合题意。
4.Wind turbines generate______.A.wind powerB.solar powerC.nuclear powerD.thermal power答案：A。
“wind turbines”风力涡轮机可以产生风力。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Abstract--The experiences of the advance industrialized countries indicated that the industrialization course correlated with energy closely. China is in process of the heavy industry stage at present. It is difficult to change the fact that the Secondary Industry is the main industry in China other than the Primary Industry or the Tertiary Industry before 2020. At the same time, the status of resources has decided that the energy supply will still depend on coal mainly in China for a quite long time in the future. The above basic tendency indicated the coal will still be the dominating energy relating the level of the national economy and the development of society of China. The electricity industry is the primary industry using coal as the raw material, which is also a basic industry supporting the national economy. The energy cost is a rigid cost of the heavy industry. The coal price is predominant factor of the prices of the other related products in the industrial chain of “Coal - Electricity industry –Heavy Industry”. When the change of the coal price transmitting to the downstream products along the industrial chain, it is also adjusting the benefit pattern of each correlated industry. Taking the energy price of the electricity industry as the object to research, the paper studies the carrying capacity for the energy cost of the industry to support the economy development of China and analyzes the reasonable electricity and coal price level, and some suggestions of the energy price for China as a resourceful country are proposed at last.Index Terms--electricity industry, electricity price, industrialization, Input-output ModelI. I NTRODUCTIONCCEPTABILITY of the electricity price variety is an acceptance ability for each social economic section to the electricity price adjustment and its negative effects, which reflects the degree of the electricity price adjustment which can be afforded by the society.The acceptability of electricity price variety includes the resident acceptability and the business enterprise acceptability. The business enterprise acceptability is an ability of a business enterprise to resist with or overcome the negative influence of the electricity price adjustment.Electricity is one important production factor for an industry enterprise, whose cost is the important part of the product costs. Therefore, the electricity price variety has an important influence to the total costs of the product, the He Yong-jian, Ge Ju and Zhang Li-zi are with the School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China. market competition ability, the subsistence and the development of a business enterprise.The acceptability of electricity price variety of a business enterprise is decided by two aspects. The first is the internal digestive ability, which means using more measures of energy saving or other energy instead of electricity. The second is the ability to transfer the cost, which means transferring out the total or some parts of added costs by increasing the selling price of the product.The electricity consumption of a business enterprise comes from two aspects, the direct consumes and the indirect consumes. To some industries, the indirect influence of the electricity price variety may be larger than the direct influence. Then the analysis of the acceptability of electricity price variety of the industry should consider both direct and indirect consumes to reflect all the possible influence of the electricity price variety completely in order to research the carrying capacity for the energy cost of the industry.II. T HE D IRECT I NFLUENCE OF T HE E LECTRICITY P RICEV ARIETY TO T HE I NDUSTRYTable I shows the calculated percentage of the electricity cost occupying the total costs of each industry sector according to the data coming from the China Statistical Yearbook.TABLE ITHE PERCENTAGE OF THE ELECTRICITY COST OCCUPYING THE TOTAL COSTS OFEACH INDUSTRY SECTOR OF 2006Industry SectorPercentage(%)Total Consumption 3.17Mining and Washing of Coal 3.84 Extraction of Petroleum and Natural Gas 3.74Mining and Processing of Ferrous Metal Ores 9.32Mining and Processing of Non-Ferrous Metal Ores 5.66 Mining and Processing of Non-metal Ores 6.03Processing of Food from Agricultural Products 1.08Manufacture of Foods 1.36Manufacture of Beverages 1.13Manufacture of Tobacco 1.04The Research on Electricity and Coal PriceLevel Supporting the Economy Development inChinaHe Yong-jian, Ge Ju and Zhang Li-ziAManufacture of Textile 3.12 Manufacture of Textile Wearing Apparel, Footware andCaps 0.84 Manufacture of Leather, Fur, Feather and Related Products 0.74Processing of Timber, Manufacture of Wood, Bamboo,Rattan, Palm, and Straw Products 2.51Manufacture of Furniture 0.72 Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products 4.17Printing, Reproduction of Recording Media 1.88 Manufacture of Articles For Culture, Education and SportActivities 1.16 Processing of Petroleum, Coking, Processing of NuclearFuel 1.03 Manufacture of Raw Chemical Materials and ChemicalProducts 5.54Manufacture of Medicines 1.60Manufacture of Chemical Fibres 3.44Manufacture of Rubber 4.07Manufacture of Plastics 2.61 Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Products 6.82 Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals 5.40Smelting and Pressing of Non-ferrous Metals 6.66Manufacture of Metal Products 3.33 Manufacture of General Purpose Machinery 1.36Manufacture of Special Purpose Machinery 1.24Manufacture of Transport Equipment 0.79 Manufacture of Electrical Machinery and Equipment 0.73 Manufacture of Communication Equipment, Computers andOther Electronic Equipment 0.55 Manufacture of Measuring Instruments and Machinery forCultural Activity and Office Work 0.69 Manufacture of Artwork and Other Manufacturing 5.18Recycling and Disposal of Waste 1.22 Production and Supply of Electric Power and Heat Power 8.70Production and Supply of Gas 1.55Production and Supply of Water 13.13 It can be seen from table I that there are 16 industry sectors whose percentage of the electricity cost occupying the total costs is higher than the average lever which is 3.17%, which are mostly heavy industry impressionable to the electricity price.Basing to the data, the direct influence of the electricity price variety to the industry sectors can be also calculated, and the result is showed in the table II. According to the calculation result, when the electricity price rise 5%, 10% and 15% respectively, the average cost of all the industry sectors will rise 0.16%, 0.32% and 0.47% respectively. The average direct influence of the electricity price variety is not so big but the difference is huge among the different industry sectors. The more percentage of the electricity cost occupying the total costs, the more direct influence will be.TABLE IITHE DIRECT INFLUENCE OF THE ELECTRICITY PRICE VARIETY TO THEINDUSTRY SECTORS OF 2006Industry SectorDirect Influence to theCost (%) Electricity Price Rising Percentage 5% 10% 15% Total Consumption 0.16 0.32 0.47 Mining and Washing of Coal 0.19 0.38 0.57 Extraction of Petroleum and Natural Gas 0.19 0.37 0.56 Mining and Processing of Ferrous Metal Ores 0.47 0.93 1.40 Mining and Processing of Non-Ferrous MetalOres0.28 0.56 0.85 Mining and Processing of Non-metal Ores 0.30 0.60 0.90 Processing of Food from Agricultural Products 0.05 0.11 0.16 Manufacture of Foods 0.07 0.14 0.20Manufacture of Beverages 0.06 0.11 0.17Manufacture of Tobacco 0.05 0.10 0.15Manufacture of Textile 0.16 0.31 0.47 Manufacture of Textile Wearing Apparel,Footware and Caps0.04 0.08 0.13 Manufacture of Leather, Fur, Feather andRelated Products0.04 0.07 0.11 Processing of Timber, Manufacture of Wood,Bamboo, Rattan, Palm, and Straw Products0.13 0.25 0.38Manufacture of Furniture 0.04 0.07 0.11 Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products 0.21 0.42 0.62 Printing, Reproduction of Recording Media 0.09 0.19 0.28 Manufacture of Articles For Culture, Educationand Sport Activities0.06 0.12 0.17 Processing of Petroleum, Coking, Processingof Nuclear Fuel0.05 0.10 0.15 Manufacture of Raw Chemical Materials andChemical Products0.28 0.55 0.83Manufacture of Medicines 0.08 0.16 0.24 Manufacture of Chemical Fibres 0.17 0.34 0.52 Manufacture of Rubber 0.20 0.41 0.61Manufacture of Plastics 0.13 0.26 0.39 Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Products 0.34 0.68 1.02 Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals 0.27 0.54 0.81 Smelting and Pressing of Non-ferrous Metals 0.33 0.66 1.00 Manufacture of Metal Products 0.17 0.33 0.50 Manufacture of General Purpose Machinery 0.07 0.14 0.20 Manufacture of Special Purpose Machinery 0.06 0.12 0.19Manufacture of Transport Equipment 0.04 0.08 0.12 Manufacture of Electrical Machinery andEquipment0.04 0.07 0.11 Manufacture of Communication Equipment,Computers and Other Electronic Equipment0.03 0.05 0.08 Manufacture of Measuring Instruments andMachinery for Cultural Activity and OfficeWork0.03 0.07 0.10Manufacture of Artwork and OtherManufacturing0.26 0.52 0.78Recycling and Disposal of Waste 0.06 0.12 0.18 Production and Supply of Electric Power andHeat Power0.43 0.87 1.30Production and Supply of Gas 0.08 0.15 0.23Production and Supply of Water 0.66 1.31 1.97III. T HE T OTAL I NFLUENCE OF T HE E LECTRICITY P RICEV ARIETY TO T HE I NDUSTRY The direct influence of the electricity price variety to the industry sectors of 2006 has been analyzed. Because it is difficult to digest the influence of the electricity price variety in-house for some industry sectors, which must shift the influence outward.The production of one kind of products must use lots of other products as original materials which use electricity as energy. Therefore, when the electricity price are adjusted, the costs of the industry sectors will be affected not only by the direct added electricity costs but also by the indirect added costs of other original materials. In order to inspect all the influence of the electricity price adjustment to the industry sectors, the Input-output Model is used here.According to the Input-output Model, the total value is made up of the middle investment value and initial investment value as in (1).Z P A P +=T (1) Where, P is the Price Index Vector, A is the Direct Consumption Coefficient Matrix, Z is the Value Added Vector. Using the Input-output Model, one Price Variety Model can be formed as in (2). ()[]()nT n n n n n n T n n T n P a a a a P P P Δ−=ΔΔΔ−−−−−−1,2,2,1,11,1121,,""A I (2) According to the above formula, with the aid of the Input-output table, the influence to the products of other industry sectors can be calculated when the electricity price rise. The result is listed in table III. We can see the fact from table III, that when the electricity price rising 10%, the costs of the industry sectors mainly rising higher than 0.5% and there are seven industry sectors whose costs is affected higher than 1%. TABLE IIITHE TOTAL INFLUENCE OF THE ELECTRICITY PRICE VARIETY TO THE INDUSTRYSECTORS OF 2006Industry SectorTotal Influence to the Cost(%)Electricity Price Rising Percentage 5% 10% 15% Mining and Washing of Coal 0.47 0.93 1.40 Extraction of Petroleum and Natural Gas 0.32 0.63 0.95Mining and Processing of Metal Ores 0.72 1.45 2.17 Mining and Processing of Non-metal Ores 0.42 0.83 1.25 Manufacture of Foods and Tobacco0.20 0.39 0.59 Manufacture of Textile0.34 0.69 1.03Manufacture of Textile Wearing Apparel,Leather, Fur, Feather and Related Products 0.26 0.52 0.78Processing of Timber, Manufacture ofFurniture 0.34 0.68 1.03Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products,Printing, Reproduction of Recording Media 0.31 0.63 0.94Processing of Petroleum, Coking, Processingof Nuclear Fuel 0.37 0.74 1.10Chemical Industry0.52 1.04 1.55 Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Products0.53 1.07 1.60 Smelting and Pressing of Metals 0.60 1.20 1.80 Manufacture of Metal Products0.55 1.11 1.66Manufacture of General and Special PurposeMachinery 0.41 0.82 1.23 Manufacture of Transport Equipment0.35 0.70 1.05Manufacture of Electrical Machinery andEquipment 0.40 0.79 1.19Manufacture of Communication Equipment, Computers and Other Electronic Equipment 0.31 0.62 0.93 Manufacture of Measuring Instruments and Machinery for Cultural Activity and OfficeWork 0.33 0.66 0.99Other Manufacturing 0.33 0.66 0.99 Production and Supply of Gas 0.52 1.05 1.57 Production and Supply of Water1.052.103.14It is needed to be explain that the above result calculatedbasing on the Input-output Table reflect the most greatestdegree influence to the industry sectors in the situation that thetechnical and economic condition is invariable and the industry enterprise can shift the added cost caused by the electricity price rising completely. In order to analyze the influence to the industrial price structure, the responses of an industry enterprise facing with cost changes should be analyzed. For some industry enterprises whose profit marginare extremely high, the influence causing by the electricity price rising can be digested completely and needn’t to beshifted outward. Other industry enterprises also can digest some of the influence and need not shift all of the added cost. Therefore, when all comes to all, the actual influence of the electricity price adjustment should be lower than the above calculation result. IV. T HE D YNAMIC I NFLUENCE OF T HE E LECTRICITY P RICE V ARIETY TO T HE I NDUSTRYThe above analysis for the influence of the electricity price rising is under the existing technical and economic condition, which belongs to one kind of static analysis.But, along with the development of the economy andsociety, the relations among the various industry sectors canchange inevitably, the electricity consumption coefficients of most of the industry sectors may change too. In order to reflectthe difference of the electricity consumption coefficientschange tendency of the industry sectors, the average growthrate of electricity consumption per GDP basing on the constant price of 2001 from 2001 to 2006 are calculated and the result is showed in table IV.TABLE IV THE A VERAGE GROWTH RATE OF ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION PER GDP OF THE INDUSTRY SECTORS FROM 2001 TO 2006 Industry Sector Average growth rate of the electricity consumption per GDP (%)Industry -8.3Mining and Washing of Coal -21.3 Extraction of Petroleum and Natural Gas -18.2 Mining and Processing of Ferrous Metal Ores -5.9 Mining and Processing of Non-Ferrous Metal Ores-10.4 Mining and Processing of Non-metal Ores -8.1 Processing of Food from Agricultural Products-9.4 Manufacture of Foods -11.8 Manufacture of Beverages -6 Manufacture of Tobacco -9.8 Manufacture of Textile0.6 Manufacture of Textile Wearing Apparel, Footwareand Caps-2 Manufacture of Leather, Fur, Feather and RelatedProducts-2.8 Processing of Timber, Manufacture of Wood, Bamboo, Rattan, Palm, and Straw Products9.6 Manufacture of Furniture-10.9 Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products -7.2 Printing, Reproduction of Recording Media 4.6 Manufacture of Articles For Culture, Education andSport Activities-6 Processing of Petroleum, Coking, Processing ofNuclear Fuel-13.5 Manufacture of Raw Chemical Materials andChemical Products-7.5 Manufacture of Medicines -7 Manufacture of Chemical Fibres-15.9 Manufacture of Rubber -3.9 Manufacture of Plastics1.6 Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Products -3.7 Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals -8.8 Smelting and Pressing of Non-ferrous Metals-12.3 Manufacture of Metal Products 0 Manufacture of General Purpose Machinery -7.6 Manufacture of Special Purpose Machinery -6.9 Manufacture of Transport Equipment -12.6 Manufacture of Electrical Machinery and Equipment -1.4 Manufacture of Communication Equipment, Computers and Other Electronic Equipment -2.5 Manufacture of Measuring Instruments and Machinery for Cultural Activity and Office Work -10.1 Production and Supply of Electric Power and HeatPower-12.6 Production and Supply of Gas -25.8 Production and Supply of Water-6.6It can be seen from Table IV that the average growth rates of electricity consumption per GDP of most industry sectors have the drop tendency except four sectors such as the Manufacture of Textile industry. So it can be concluded that the dynamic influence of the electricity price variety to the industry will lower than the result of the static analysis.V. C ONCLUSIONAccording to the above analysis of the cost influence of the electricity price variety to the industry, it is believed that it can be withstanded by most industry sectors when the electricity price rising scope is controlled appropriately in 10%. China is in process of the heavy industry stage at present. It is difficult to change the fact that the Secondary Industry is the main industry in China other than the Primary Industry or the Tertiary Industry before 2020. At the same time, the status of resources has decided that the energy supply will still depend on coal mainly in China for a quite long time in the future. The above basic tendency indicated the coal will still be the dominating energy relating the level of the national economy and the development of society of China.From the analysis of the carrying capacity for the electricity cost of the industry, the reasonable electricity and coal for the electricity industry price level should raise no more than 10% in order to support the development of the industry as well as to support the economy development of China.VI. R EFERENCES[1] National Bureau of Statistics of China, China Statistical Yearbook,China Statistics Press, 2007[2] Tian Ming-xin, “Application of Input-output Modeling to PriceSimulation”, Modern Electric Powe r, vol. 17, pp.87-91, 2000[3] Liang Bao-song ,Wang Jian-ping ,LI Ye ,Sun Cheng-jin, “The ChainEffect and Positive Analysis of Price Change in Input-output Model”, Journal of Henan Agricultural University , vol. 39, pp.194-197, 2005 [4] A.E. Akinlo, “Energy consumption and economic growth: Evidencefrom 11 Sub-Sahara African countries”, Energy Economics , vol. 30, pp. 2391-2400, September 2008.[5] Xiang Rong-mei, Input-output System, Southwestern University ofFinance and Economics Press, 2007VII. B IOGRAPHIESHe Yong-jian is currently working toward aPh.D. degree in North China Electric Power University. His research interests include energy Stratagem and planning, energy po licy and deregulated electricity markets.Ge Ju graduated from North China ElectricPower University and got the doctor's degree of Electric Power System and its Automation in 2006. Her current research interests are in energy Stratagem and planning, deregulated electricity markets and power system analysis .Zhang Li-zi received the Ph.D. degree from North China Electric Power University in 1990. Now, as a professor, she concentrates her research on energy Stratagem and planning, energy policy, the power system analysis and electricity markets .。