八年级英语下册 Unit 3 Grammar Focus
I don’t know who wants to borrow these magazines.
我不知道谁想借这些杂志。
时态
主句和从句的时态须保持一致。如果主句 为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种 时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能 用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去 进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)。
It starts at 8:00 pm.
I wonder where we should You should try that
go next.
new ride over there.
Object clauses with wh-questions
who, whom, whose, what, when, why 等引导的宾语从句
3. “两副面孔” if 和 when 等既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状
语从句。因此，碰到此种情况要认真分析。当 从句表示将来时，若引导的是宾语从句，它们 的时态常用一般将来时；若引导的是状语从句， 它们的时态常用一般现在时代替将来时。
4. Excuse me, is there a fast food restaurant nearby?
连接词
宾语从句是由陈述句转化成的，连接词用 that；
宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化成的，连接词 用if或whether；
宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化成的，连接词 直接用特殊疑问词(如who, what, why, where, whose)做引导词，后面变为陈述语序。
Translate the phrases.
How about …? Come on. hold one’s hand get hungry Of course. pass by walk up to at the door at that time
... 怎么样? (表示鼓励)来吧 抓住某人的手 肚子饿 当然 走过；经过 走向… 在门边 那个时候；那时
3. How do I get to the Central Library? Can you tell me how to get to the Central Library?
4. Is the Italian restaurant nearby open on Mondays?
I wonder if the Italian restaurant nearby is open on Mondays.
Write four questions that a tourist might ask about your city. Then role – play conversations with your partner.
A: Excuse me, could you please tell me where the nearest bank is? B: Sure. You go east along this street ...
Do you know where we can get some good food quickly?
Let’s ask what time the band starts playing.
Grammar Focus
Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine?
He didn’t tell me when we would meet again.
他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。
What do you like?
What does the dog ask the bear? The dog asks what the bear likes.
Where did you have fish?
Do you happen to know when the bikes shop closes?
I’d like to know when the bike shop closes.
4. Ben is wondering if there’s a bank in the shopping center.
2. 当主句谓语动词为think，suppose，guess, believe等, 并且主语为第一人称时，从句的否 定词应转移为对主句谓语动词的否定, 即否定 前移。
例如： The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun. I don't think I know you. I don' t believe he will come.
Pardon me, do you know if there’s a restaurant around here?
2. Sally needs to mail a letter.
Excuse / Pardon me, could you please tell me where the post office is?
一般疑问句
if 语序
2. 时态 （1）如果主句是一般现在时或将来
时，宾语从句可根据句意的需要而选用 任何一种时态。
（2）若主句是一般过去时时，宾语 从句用表示过去的某种时态。
1. 当宾语从句的内容是客观事实或科学真理 时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现 在时态。
I’m sorry to hear that your mother is ill. 听说你母亲病了，我很难过。
She didn’t know that Tom had left for Shanghai.
她不知道汤姆已去了上海。
宾语从句的注意事项 1. 引导词及语序的变化规律
句式
引导词
语序
陈述句 that(口语中常省略) 不变
Can you tell me when the band starts playing this evening?
I wonder where we should go next.
I wonder when the park closes today.
Could you tell me where the restrooms are first?
Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.
Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine?
Could you tell me how to get to the post office?
I’m wondering if there’s bank in the shopping center.
Do you know whether there’s a bank in the shopping center?
Could you please tell me if there’s a bank in the shopping center?
What does Mimi ask Miaomiao? Mimi asks Miaomiao where he had fish.
Who is on my head? What does the pig ask? The pig asks who is on his head.
Rewrite the questions to make them more polite.
1. Excuse me, do you know where I can buy a local phone card?
2. Pardon me, could you please tell me where the central bus station is?
3. Could you please tell me where the nearest supermarket is?
1. Uncle Wang came up to seei_f_/_w__h_e_t_h_e_rthere was anything wrong with the machine.
2. The shop keeper asked my father _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.
（一）连接词。特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不 需要再加连接词，疑问词就是连接词，并且 不能省略。
I ask what you are doing now. 我问你现在正在干什么？
Do you know who has won “Red Alert ”game?
你知道谁赢了这一局“红警”游戏吗？
（二）词序。用“特殊疑问词+陈述句”的 词序，与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相 同。
如： I wonder if he is a driver.
我想知道他是否是个司机。 Do you know where I can get a dictionary? 你知道我在哪里能买到词典吗？
语序
不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句 语序，即从句的连接词后是主语、谓语、 宾语的语序。当连接词做主语时，后面直 接跟谓语和宾语。
Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street.
Could you please tell me Sorry, I’m not sure how to get to the post office? how to get there.
Can you tell us when the band starts playing this evening?
英语：Unit 3教案(人教新目标八年级下)
英语：Unit 3教案(人教新目标八年级下)学习方式：自主、合作学习情感目标：通过当飞碟的降临,对人们各自正在忙于自己的事如何用英语来表达自己正在所做的事情.课前任务：Task1.请同学们回家调查家庭成员在过去的某个时第一课时教学内容与分析教学内容：Section A (1): 1a---1c教学目标：1.能够掌握基本单词和词汇。
2.学会过去进行时的基本结构与用法。
3.能够运用以when 引导的时间状语从句。
4.能够运用基本句型进行提问。
学习任务：我的爱好目的：通过学生小组活动，调查在过去的不同时间里做不同的事情,学会使用过去进行时态,培养学生应用英语进行交际的能力。
语言技能：Listening .Speaking .Reading ﹑Writing语言知识：过去进行时的用法及复习一般过去时态提示词语及句型：got out, cut, barber shop, bathroom, kitchen, well, bathroomWhat were you doing when the UFO arrived ?I was sitting in the barber’s chair .The barber was cuttingmyhair when they arrived .教学重点、难点分析：教学重点：基本单词，词汇和句型教学难点：能够运用过去进行时谈论人们所做的事情.课前准备1.本课时的教学课件2.课前发给学生表格向学生布置任务：在表格中写出有关内容。
教学设计教学步骤建议和说明Teaching Steps ：Step 1 ：Warm-up and revision1.Ｓhare an English song ．2.Greetings and free-talk .从平常的谈话中轻松导入本课句型，信息沟通使谈话非常真实，而又浅显What are you doing ? What did you do last night ?3.Show slides: Revise: is/an/are +动词ing4.Brain storm：Collect the names of activities which said by the students．Step 2 ：Presentation :1.Watch a video2.By asking: What’s this in English ?Have you even seen it ?3.Teach:UFO, bedroom, bathroom, bedroom, kitchen,living-room, barber shopStep 3 ：Work on：SB Page 18 , 1a .1.Point to the sentences .Read the sentences .Explain what each one means.2.Teach :barber shop, well, bathroom, bedroom, kitchen, get out, cut3.Look at the picture.. Point out the six people. Match the statements with the people in the picture4.Check the answers .5.Practice reading .Step 4 ：Work on：SB Page 18 , 1b .1. Read the instructions .Make sure the Ss understand whatthey should do .2. Look at the dialogue in the picture .Explain :过去进行时态的构成: was / were + doing .用法:表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，一般用时间状语来表示。
人教版英语八年级下册Unit 3 Section A Grammar Focus-4c
with some chores then? B: What do you need help with? A: _C_o_u_l_d_ you please _f_o_l_d_ my clothes for me? B: I don’t want to do that! It’s boring!
注意： 1. 提出委婉的请求在回答中不可用could。
A: Could I have the television on? B: Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 2. 在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑用couldn’t。 He couldn’t be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。
Grammar Focus
Could I go out for dinner with my friends? Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie? No, you can’t, you have a basketball game tomorrow.
Pair work
To—do list Bring a tent
Name Liu Chang
Exercises
I. 用情态动词can/could, can’t, may, must, mustn’t, needn’t填空。
1. — _C_o__u_ld__ you come and play with us now? — I’m afraid I _c_a_n_’t_. I _m__u_s_t do the cooking. I _c_a_n_
人教版八年级英语下册Unit2同步练习含答案SectionA3a-Grammarfocus
Section A 3a — Grammar Focus 练习i .根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺单词。
1. Last week they 籍集）some money for their club.2. Her books brought great 简兴）to lots of people.3. I had a（n）供觉）of sadness when I said goodbye to my brother.4. 贝个）of my friends are learning English at language schools.5. She looked at her painting with 满意）.n .根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空。
owner, strong, alone, journe}1. Today the sun light is not very.2. This summer vacation we are going to have a good.3. This dog is not Mary ' s. Who is its?4. Jim didn ' t go to the beach with me. I went there.m.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 她正在参加学校足球队的选拔。
She is the school soccer team.2. 你可以把这幅画张贴在黑板旁边。
You could this picture next to the blackboard.3. 她独自住在一个大房子里。
She lives in a big house.4. 最终他们同时到达了山顶。
At last, they got to the top of the mountain5. 我相信总有一天我的梦想会实现。
I believe my dream can one day.IV .根据上旬完成下旬，使两句意思相同或相近，每空一词。
人教版八年级英语下册unit3 Section A 3a—Grammar Focus-同步练习题
Section A 3a—Grammar FocusⅠ. 根据句意及所给首字母提示，补全句中所缺单词。
1. Daming never drinks milk and n do I.2. I h hamburgers and ice-cream, so I never eat them.3. W I’m listening to music, my brother is playing the violin.4. My pen is on the sofa. Please p it to me.5. Peter always b things from me and he doesn’t give them back on time.Ⅱ. 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Yesterday my mom bought two red _________(shirt) for me.2. Could you _________(lend) me some money, Jane?3. Oh, one of my _________(finger) hurts, Mom.4. Jimmy _________(throw) down his schoolbag and then played with his cat. Ⅲ. 将下列句子先归类然后按括号内的要求写出答语。
提出请求：___________表示征得许可：___________1. Could you please help me solve the problem? (写出肯定答语)_________________________________________2. Could we go back late this evening? (写出否定答语)_________________________________________3. Could I bring some food and drinks? (写出肯定答语)_________________________________________4. Could you please come over now? (写出否定答语)_________________________________________Ⅳ. 根据括号内所给提示词语，将下列句子翻译成英语。
人教版英语八年级下册 Unit3_SectionA(1a-2d)教案
Unit3 SectionA（1a-2d）名师教案1.0Teaching Analysis教情分析1.1Teaching Objectives 教学目标1.1.1Language goals 语言目标1.1.1.1 Key Words and Chunks1.1.1.1.1 For applying: do the dishes, make the bed, take out the rubbish, foldthe clothes, sweep the floor, clean the living room, no problem, goout for dinner, go to the movies, stay out late, get a ride, have to, need,work on, help out with, at least, finish, any minute now1.1.1.1.2 For comprehending: stay out late, get a ride, have to, need, workon, help out with, at least, finish, any minute now1.1.1.3 Sentence Structures1）Could you please take out the rubbish?Sure. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to finish homework first.2) Could I use your computer?Sorry. I'm going to work on it now.3)Well, could I watch TV?Yes, you can. But first you have to clean your room.4)A nd she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.5) Could I at least finish watching this show?6)I think two hours of TV is enough for you .1.1.1.4Grammar Focus1)C ould for polite requestsA:Could you please take out the rubbish?B:OK, but I want to watch one show first.A:Could you please take out the rubbish?B:Yes, sure.2)C ould for permissionA:Could I go out for dinner with my friends?B:Sure, that should be OK.A:Could you get something to drink after the movie?B:No, you can’t. You have a basketball game to morrow.1.1.2Ability goals 能力目标1.1.2.1 教会学生用could礼貌地提出要求和征求许可。
人教版PEP八年级下册英语教案Unit-3-第精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版第三课时Section A(Grammar Focus～4c)【学习目标】1．学生能学会本课时出现的生词及短语：pass，borrow，lend，finger，hate，chore，while，pass sb.sth.，lend sb.sth.，get it wet，hate to do sth.，borrow sth.from sb.2．教会学生熟练运用句型Could you please…？【学习重点】掌握句型Could you please…？与Could I…？以及单词borrow，lend 和hate的用法。
【学习难点】总结归纳提出请求，或请求允许的方法。
情景导入师生自由创设情境，扮演家庭成员，询问交流引入话题。
T：Could you please pass me the salt?S：Sure.Here you are.自学互研Task 1【组内小展示】先由各小组组长带领组内成员认读单词和词组，再在整个小组内进行齐读后对词汇的用法进行归纳，并标记出发音和理解困难的单词，可及时向老师求助。
最后，板书展示内容。
【班级大展示】1．I can read.(我会读)①带读——齐读，注意finger的发音；②通过游戏形式，如单词游戏来巩固单词的学习。
2．I can write.(我会写)①以answer quickly(抢答)的方式对词组进行中英互译；②带读——齐读；③抽测：可以用造句的方式巩固词组的用法。
3．I can practice.(我会练)①结合所学的could的用法，完成句子；②通过练习总结“Could you please…？”和“Could I please…？”的用法。
情景导入生成问题1．(T)Question：Could you please pass me that book?(S)Answer：________________________________________________________________________ 2．(T)Question：Could we finish reading this book together?(S)Answer：________________________________________________________________________自学互研生成能力Task 1Let's read the new words and phrases.1．I can read.(我会读)pass，borrow，lend，finger，hate，while，chore2．I can write.(我会写)(1)pass me the salt 递给我盐(2)come back too late 回来太晚(3)hate to do sth.讨厌做某事(4)finish reading 读完(5)hang out with my friends 与朋友闲逛(6)try(not)to do sth.尽量(不)做某事(7)get it wet 让它打湿(8)lend me some money借给我一些钱3．I can practice.(我会练)根据汉语意思完成下列句子，每空一词。
人教版初中八年级英语下册第三单元Unit 3 教案含教学反思
Section A 单词rubbish n.垃圾;废弃物fold v.折叠；对折sweep v.(swept)扫；打扫floor n.地板mess n.杂乱；不整洁throw v.(threw)扔；掷neither adv.也不; pron.两者都不shirt n.衬衫pass v.给；递；走过；通过borrow v.借；借用lend v.(lent)借给；借出finger n.手指hate v.厌恶；讨厌while conj.与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而chore n.杂务；乏味无聊的工作snack n.点心；小吃；快餐短语take out the rubbish 倒垃圾all the time频繁；反复as soon as 一……就……句型1.Peter，could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？2.And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.而且如果她看到这么乱,她会不高兴的。
3.Could I at least finish watching this show?至少等我看完这个节目可以吗？4.For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.在—周时间里，她没有做任何家务，我也没有做。
that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母生活在同一所房子里，他们就应该知道每个人都应该为保持房屋的干净和整洁尽一份力。
5.The earlier kids learn to be independent，the better it is for theirfuture.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
语法情态动词could的用法掌握本单元中的重点词汇及相关短语，并灵活运用。
人教版八下英语Unit3第3课时(Grammar Focus-4c)
【巧学妙记】主语借出用lend，主语借入用borrow， 想要保存用keep。
Use the content of 4a to have dialogues with your partner. Could you please pass me the salt?
3. ①Could I borrow that book? (教材P20 4a)
②Could you lend me some money? (教材P20 4a)
borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/ ,/ˈbɑːrəʊ/ v.借；借用 lend /lend/ v. 借给；借出
【易混辨析】 borrow与lend
【拓展】lend与borrow是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段 时间的状语连用。表示 “借用某物一段时间”时，要用 keep sth. for some time。
➢ Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it to me. He told me that I could keep it for a week.
3. Sentences: ①—Could you please ...? —Yes, Sure./Sorry, I can’t ... ②—Could I ...? —Yes, you can./ Sorry, you can’t.
Warming up
Free talk
You could ... at home.
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
Section A Grammar Focus-4c
Unit3 第三课时 Section A (Grammar focus-4c) 人教版八年级英语下册
bring a tent Liu Chang
A: Could you please bring a tent, Liu Chang?
B: Sure. And could you please…? C: Sorry, I can’t. I have to …
tent
schoolbag
flashlight
4b Fill in the blanks in the conversation.
A: I hate to ___d_o____ chores. B: Well, I hate some chores too，but I like other chores. A: Really? Great! C__o_u_ld_I ask you to ____h_e_lpme with
after the movie?
b. Hmm. How much do you need? c. Yes, sure. No problem. I
2. _R__ Could you please pass me the salt? finished reading it last night.
3. __P_ Could I borrow that book?
做家务的话题继续对学生进行责任和义务的教育。让他们敢于承担 责任，勇于承担义务。
2 Lead-in
Look and say using the structures “Could I/we ……? Could you please……? To express requests and permissions politely
3 Practice Write R for requests and P for permissions. Then match
人教版八年级下册英语UNIT3 SectionA (Grammar Focus-4c)
温 馨
wearingnewclothes.
提 示:
A. hangupB. hangbackC. hangout
可 返
回
原
文
【点拨】本题用短语辨析法。句意为“春节第一天，人 们穿着新衣服闲逛”。hangup“挂断电话”； hangback “留下”；hangout“闲逛”。
考点精讲
②Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?
Sorry，
Ic肯an’定t. 答 Yes, sure./Yes, I can. /Of course, I Ioh.a..ve语t can. /No problem. /With pleasure ...
/Sorry,
In’mg否tgoo定..i. 答 /I’ma语f
可先拒绝，再说明理由：Sorry， I can’t. I have to ... /Sorry, I’m going
（时间）过去；流逝
考点精讲
③CouldIborrowthatbook?
本意 borrow/'bɒrəʊ/, /'bɑːrəʊ/v. 借；借用
为“保 存辨；析：borrow, lend与keep
保留”，
引为b申“借orro 用”，w
用于
表示“借入”，即说话人向别人借东 西供自己使用，常用于borrow sth. from sb. or somewhere 结构中。
考点精讲
e.g. Wecouldhangthispictureonthewallnexttothedoor. 我们可以把这张照片挂在门旁边的墙上。 Thecurtainshangwell. 窗帘挂得很好。 ThestudentshungamapofChinaonthewall. 不及物动词 同学们把一幅中国地图挂在墙上。 Thecriminalwashanged. 罪犯被处以绞刑及。物动词