中科大综合英语听力教程Unit 2
U n i t T w o Life and SuccessPart I Schooling and Growing-upTask 3Directions: Listen to the following passage about the influence of television on children. The passage will be read only once. After listening, choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C, andD to each of the questions you hear.Children in the United States are exposed to many influences other than that of their families. Television is the most significant of these influences, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school. And, by the time that the average child finishes high school, he or she will have spent 18,000 hours in front of a television set as opposed to 12,000 hours in a classroom.Parents are concerned about these figures. They are also concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them. Even if it is unreal--a cartoon cat beating up a cartoon mouse with a baseball bat--this violence may have a negative effect on the young minds exposed to it. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure.Parents are also concerned about the commercials that their children see on television. Manyparents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is "Sesame Street," which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.Even though most parents and educators give "Sesame Street" and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it.Questions:1.What is this passage mainly about?2.At what time does the habit of watching television usually start?3.How many hours have American children spent watching television when they finish high school?4.Why do some parents feel television shows shouldn't include any commercials?5.What kind of program is "Sesame Street"?6.Why do some critics think that all television is harmful to children?1. A. Television programs in the United States are of low quality.B. Watching too much television is undesirable for children.C. The degree of violence in television programs is too high.D. There shouldn't be any commercials on television.2. A. Before children finish high school.B. Before children start high school.C. Before children start attending kindergarten.D. Before children start attending school.3. A. 12,000 B. 20,000 C. 18,000 D. 80,0004. A. Because children are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.B. Because children will become aggressive and insecure.C. Because children will be distracted from their studies.D. Because children will be more willing to watch them.5. A. Violent B. Commercial C. Military D. Educational6. A. Because children will become bored and passive.B. Because children will be unwilling to go to school.C. Because children will use violence at school.D. Because children will become lazy and useless.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill—the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness.As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they teach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a big difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.Questions:1.What does every parent eagerly want his/her child to acquire, according to the speaker?2.What consequences might occur if parents push the child beyond his/her natural learning rate?3.What should parents do in the learning process of children?4.What does this passage say about parental restrictions on children?5.What is very important in parental teaching, according to the speaker?6.What should parents do as to the development of moral standards in the growing child?Task 3Directions: You are going to listen to a passage about parental teaching. The passage will be read only once. After listening, you are expected to choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C,and D to each of the questions you hear.1. A. New skills.B.Independence.C.Moral values.D.Learning aptitude.2. A. The child might lose natural enthusiasm for life.B.The child might have dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry.C.The child might have a desire to find out new things for himself.D.The child might feel unhappy about his/her parents.3. A. T hey should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read.B.They should not expect too much of their children.C.They should create as many learning opportunities as possible.D.They should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own.4. A. They are for the benefit of the children alone.B.They reflect the morals of parents.C.They represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community.D.They greatly affect the child’s own happiness.5.A. Instruction.B.Consistency.C.Strictness.D.Patience.6. A. They should observe the rules themselves.B.They should be aware of the marked difference between adults and children.C.They should forbid things which have no foundation in morality.D.They should ensure the security of their children.Part III Competition and ChallengeTask 3Directions: You are going to listen to a passage about musical prodigies. The passage will be read only once. After listening, you are expected to choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C,and D. to each of the questions you hear.Violin prodigies, I learned, have come in distinct numbers from distinct regions. Most of the great performers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Issac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,” he told me. They were all Jews and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. In Japan, a most competitive society, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy.Questions:1.Where were most of the great musicians born and brought up in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries?2.Who was Issac Stern?3.Why did Jewish parents long for their children to attend music school?4.What contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?5.What else plays an important role in the making of a prodigy, according to the passage?6.What is this passage mainly about?1. A. In America.B.In Russia and Eastern Europe.C.In Japan.D.In the Far East.2. A. A musical prodigy.B.A great pianist.C.A great violinist.D.A music instructor.3. A. Because it would allow them access to a better life in the West.B.Because Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent.C.Because they wanted their children to enter into the professional field.D.Because it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country.4. A. Musical Environments.B.Extensive knowledge of music.C.A prejudice-free society.D.Very early training.5.A. The learning of Western music.B.Biological inheritance.C.Variety in academic studiesD.All-round development.6. A. Jewish contribution to music.B.Training of musicians in the world.C.Music and society.D.The making of prodigies.。
大学英语综合能力分级教程二级听力答案电子版
大学英语综合能力分级教程二级听力答案电子版1、Tony can _______ the guitar.Now he _______ the guitar. [单选题] *A. play; plays(正确答案)B. playing; playingC. plays; is playingD. play; is playing2、If it _______ tomorrow, I won’t go there. [单选题] *A. rains(正确答案)B. is rainingC. will rainD. would rain3、I've never been to Africa, but that is the place（）. [单选题] *A. where I most want to visitB. in which I most want to visitC. I most want to visit(正确答案)D. that I want to visit it most4、I have to _______ my glasses, without which I can’t read the book. [单选题] *A. put upB. put awayC. put downD. put on(正确答案)5、He doesn’t smoke and hates women _______. [单选题] *A. smokesB. smokeC. smokedD. smoking(正确答案)6、14．Builders have pulled down many old houses, and they will build a lot of new ________. [单选题] *A．ones (正确答案)B．oneC．the onesD．the one7、John had planned to leave but he decided to stay in the hotel for _____ two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *A. otherB. another(正确答案)C. the otherD. others8、The organization came into being in 1 [单选题] *A. 开始策划B. 进行改组C. 解散D. 成立于(正确答案)9、More than one student_____absent from the class yesterday due to the flu. [单选题] *A.areB.hasC.isD.was(正确答案)10、While studying abroad, he financially depended（）his wife. [单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. ofC. toD. from11、( ) _____ New York _____ London have traffic problems. [单选题] *A. All…andB. Neither….norC. Both…and(正确答案)D. Either…or12、_____ yuan a month _____ not enough for a family of three to live on today. [单选题] *A. Five hundred; is(正确答案)B. Five hundreds; areC. Five hundred; areD.Five hundreds; is13、John will go home as soon as he _______ his work. [单选题] *A. finishB. will finishC. finishedD. finishes(正确答案)14、The weather forecast says that we’ll have occasional rain tomorrow. [单选题] *A. 偶尔的B. 不停的C. 少量的(正确答案)D. 不可预测的15、—Excuse me, how long does it ______ to walk to the library? —About 15 minutes, I’m afraid.（）[单选题] *A. take(正确答案)B. spendC. costD. pay16、_______, making some DIY things is fashionable. [单选题] *A. Stand outB. In ones opinionC. In my opinion(正确答案)D. Out of fashion17、—______ is the concert ticket?—It’s only 160 yuan.（）[单选题] *A. How manyB How much(正确答案)C. How oftenD. How long18、It is my _______ to meet you here. [单选题] *A. pleasure(正确答案)B. pleaseC. pleasedD. pleasant19、_______, Mr. Smith. [单选题] *A. Here your tea isB. Here is your tea(正确答案)C. Here your tea areD. Here are your tea20、Mum, this T-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a _______ one? [单选题] *A. niceB. largeC. nicerD. larger(正确答案)21、10．Mum, let me help you with your housework, so you ________ do it yourself. [单选题] *A．don’t need to(正确答案)B．need toC．don’t needD．need22、I’d?like _______ the English club. [单选题] *A. to join inB. joinC. to join(正确答案)D. join in23、—Is there ______ else I can do for you? —No, thanks. I can manage it myself.（）[单选题] *A. everythingB. anything(正确答案)C. nothingD. some things24、The house is well decorated _____ the disarrangement of a few photos. [单选题] *A. exceptB. besidesC. except for(正确答案)D. in addition to25、Kate has a cat _______ Mimi. [单选题] *A. called(正确答案)B. callC. to callD. calling26、28．—Where is Fujian Province?—It’s ________ the southeast of China. [单选题] * A．in (正确答案)B．onC．toD．at27、I usually read English _______ six o’clock _______ six thirty in the morning. [单选题] *A. from;?atB. from; to(正确答案)C. at; atD. at; to28、Tony is a quiet student, _______ he is active in class. [单选题] *A. soB. andC. but(正确答案)D. or29、This girl is my best friend, Wang Hui. ______ English name is Jane.（）[单选题] *A. HeB. HisC. SheD. Her(正确答案)30、In 2019 we moved to Boston,（）my grandparents are living. [单选题] *A. whoB. whenC. where(正确答案)D. for which。
大二英语听力教程Unit2
Recognizing the use of transitional words
Pay attention to transitional words such as "however," "there before," "in addition," etc., which indicates relationships between ideas and help you follow
02
Listening skills
Predicting answers
Predicting answers before listening
Use the title, subtitles, or any given information to predict the content and type of answers This can help you focus on the important information during the listening process
To develop students' listening comprehension and critical thinking skills by analyzing real life English language samples from different media sources
Summary word
Analyze the logic of a long conversation
Detailed description
Students need to listen to a lengthy conversation and analyze the logical structure, topic switching, and detailed information of the conversation.
《综合教程》(第2版)第一册课件Unit 2 The Fun They Had
Reading aloud Cultural information Audiovisual supplement
These may include:1. A setting in the future, in alternative timelines, or in an historical past that contradicts known facts of history or the archaeological record; 2. A setting in outer space, on other worlds, or involving aliens; 3. Stories that involve technology or scientific principles that contradict known laws of nature; 4. Stories that involve discovery or application of new scientific principles, such as time travel or psionics, or new technology, such as nanotechnology, faster-than-light travel or robots, or of new and different political or social systems (e.g. a dystopia, or a situation where organized society has collapsed)
Reading aloud Cultural information Audiovisual supplement
4. Sure he is. My father knows as much as my teacher. 5. It was right next to her bedroom, and the mechanical
综合教程(第二版)Unit 1- Unit 6 课前听力原文
Unit 1 College LifeListen and RespondI am now a fourth-year student at college, but I can never forget my freshman year here. In general, it is a time filled with anticipation, some anxiety, and wonderful discoveries.College is a lot different from high school. Your freshman experience will definitely make an impression on you. So, what can you expect as you head off into the wonderful world of higher education?The first thing you'll notice is the workload. It will be heavier than you ever experienced before. The major challenges of college work are the large amount of reading and writing, and the short deadlines. A related effect that can be brought on by the workload is doubt, frustration, and possibly loneliness. You'll be away from the comforts and friendships your home provided for you over the previous years.During the freshman year, you'll be making a lot of new friends. But you should continue to be yourself. Select your friends with the same care and patience you have always shown. Believe it or not, your college friendships will be among the most satisfying and long-term of your life. It's always exciting to discover how wonderfully diverse college relationships can be.You'll also be on your own —you'll be your own boss 24 hours a day, so to speak. But, remember, with freedom comes responsibility. You should always remember that you are at college with an anticipated mission. Don't waste your time on meaningless things.During the freshman year, you may even start thinking about your future. Maybe a certain professor is especially inspiring. Perhaps your school has some great research going on. If some area of study attracts you, find out all you can about it. It might be the beginning of your lifetime career. Going to college is not just to get a degree —it is to find out who you really are and what you are really made for.Unit 2 Learning a LanguageHello, I’m Alberto. I’m a student of English, French, Portuguese and Italian. I would also love to learn Chinese and German in the near future. My mother tongue is Spanish and I have a degree in Political Science. I love to learn new languages, because I think it broadens my mind. Even though I still have some difficulty with verb tenses, I’m confident that with time and practice I’ll c ope with them.I believe learning a new language besides your mother tongue can be useful, especially in a world where distances are shortened and people from different countries communicate with each other more frequently.Learning a new language can be a good experience, but only if you keep in mind that nothing is obtained without some effort. In my opinion, the best way to learn a language is to read a lot. It doesn’t matter what you read, but that you do it. Even if you don’t understand everything, your reading comprehension skill will improve remarkably. Also, if possible, watch a lot of television inthat language, or listen to CDs. Maybe at first you won’t understand a word, but later you’d catch on to the rhythm of the language.Good dictionaries are necessary, and books regarding vocabulary can be a plus. The Internet is also a useful tool.The language you choose to learn might seem a little difficult at first, or even totally strange, but you’ll get accustomed to it. Remember that the learn ing process is long, and that it never ends. However, it is also highly enjoyable.Unit 2 A Parents and TeenagersTeenagers and adults have a difficult time communicating. Teenagers often think adults don't understand them. Adults often think teenagers just don't listen to anything they say. That creates conflict. People very often use "generation gap" to explain the conflict between parents and children. However, the problem of communication between parents and teenagers does not all lie in the "generation gap." It lies mostly in implied statements that are not fully communicated between a teenage child and a parent. Here is one example. Mother says: "Please take out the trash." The teenager replies: "OK." However, one hour later the mother finds the trash is still in the kitchen and so becomes a bit unhappy. "I thought I asked you to take out the trash." But the child replies: "You didn't say I had to do it now." Are you familiar with this kind of conversation? In this conversation the mother feels that the teenager should know what she means, but the teenager just doesn't. This type of conversation takes place around our home every day. They cause some unhappiness but are totally normal, and can usually be solved quite soon. It is when this type of "lack of communication" gets involved with the bigger issues of teenagers that larger problems can be caused. It is more difficult to solve these larger problems and it takes the efforts of both parents and teenagers to overcome such problems.Unit 3 The Birthday HeartOne day I was helping my mom preparing a picnic when my sisters arrived. They said, “Happy birthday, Mom!” and gave her some presents.I was sad. I had forgotten it was my mother’s birthday, but I didn’t want her to know that I had not remembered her birthday. I had one dollar in my piggy bank. With that I was sure that I could get a present that would show my mother how much I loved her.I went to the store. When I looked around, I suddenly realized that my dollar wouldn’t buy as much as I had thought it would. Then I saw a heart made of plastic. It contained typewriter correction paper. I knew that it would show my mother how much I loved her. It was ninety-nine cents.I took the heart to the cashier and gave her my dollar. She said that I didn’t have enough money because with tax the heart cost more than a dollar.I didn’t understand sales tax. All I understood was that I couldn’t give the heart to my mom. I went to put the heart back and the cashier asked me if it was my mom’s birthday. I nodded. Then she said that she could help me. She put some of her own pennies in the cash register with my dollar andgave me the heart in a bag.When my mother opened the bag and pulled out the heart, she exclaimed “What a beautiful present.” “It’s just what I need.” She put me on her lap and told me that she loved the heart and she loved me.I don’t remember many of the gifts that I have given my mother, but I will always remember the heart that I gave her on that birthday.Unit 4 Growing UpTeenagers and adults have a difficult time communicating. Teenagers often think adults don’t understand them. Adults often think teenagers just don’t listen to anything they say. That creates conflict. People very often use “generation gap”to explain the conflict between parents and children. However, the problem of communication between parents and teenagers does not all lie in the “generation gap”. It lies mostly in implied statements that are not fully communicated between a teenage child and a parent. Here is one example. Mother says: “Please take out the trash.”The teenager replies: “OK.”However, one hour later the mother finds the trash is still in the kitchen and so becomes a bit unhappy. “I thought I asked you to take out the trash.”But the child replies: “You didn’t say I had to do it now.”Are you familiar with this kind of conversation? In this conversation the mother feels that the teenager should know what she means, but the teenager just doesn’t. This type of conversation takes place around our home every day. They cause some unhappiness but are totally normal, and can usually be solved quite soon. It is when this type of “lack of communication”gets involved with the bigger issues of teenagers that larger problems can be caused. It is more difficult to solve these larger problems and it takes the efforts of both parents and teenagers to overcome such problems.Unit 4 Knowing YourselfWhat is personality? How does knowledge about personality help us?First of all, let us take a look at what personality means. In general, when psychologists talk about personality, they are usually looking for things that make a person different from others or things that can explain how a person is not the same as others. However, different psychologists have different ways of explaining what personality is. They often use tests to put people into categories and compare them. For example, people who are quiet and like to spend more time at home reading and doing their own things are called introverts. "Introverts" is spelt I-N-T-R-O-V-E-R-T-S. Others who enjoy going out and spending time with other people are called extroverts,E-X-T-R-O-V-E-R-T-S. Do you know which personality type you are? Are you an introvert or an extrovert?Second, how can knowledge about personality help us? Well, one of the ways is that by knowing how people behave and why they behave in a certain way, we can understand them better. This will help to make our relationship with them stronger. For instance, if we know that someone isan introvert, we will understand why he or she does not feel comfortable when he or she is with a big group of newly met people. We may then help this person to make friends and talk to others.Another way knowledge about personality can help us is when we want to improve ourselves. If we know what personality type we belong to and the reasons we behave the way we do, we can then try to change some of the bad things so that they become good. In this way, we can make ourselves a better person.So, after listening to this short passage about personality, do you want to find out more about yourself?Unit 6 Civility and Good MannersXiao Wang: People are so impolite these days!Xiao Chen: What’s the matter, Xiao Wang?Xiao Wang: Well, you see, this morning I was sitting in the back of the bus, alone, by myself. A friend called so I talked on my mobile phone to him for a while.Xiao Chen:Yes? What happened?Xiao Wang:Well, two people kept giving me dirty looks. You know, this is not the first time. It happened before. And when I got off the bus, one of them told me to stop using mymobile phone. He said I had talked too loudly about private matters and he had notthe least interest in knowing about them. I just don’t understand these people. What’swrong with them?Xiao Chen: I see. Actually similar things have happened to me many times, too. I must say there’re rude people everywhere these days. Like, the other day, I was sitting in thepark, smoking a cigarette. I was just sitting there, you know, enjoying the niceweather, looking at the birds, listening to music, and smoking.Xiao Wang:Yeah, what happened then?Xiao Chen: Well, when I finished my cigarette, I did what I always do when I smoke in the park. I put the cigarette butt on the sidewalk and crushed it with my shoe.Xiao Wang:Right. That’s what I usually do and there’s nothing wrong with it. This way it won’t be a danger to anyone.Xiao Chen: Well, this guy walking by saw me putting out my cigarette and told me that it was not very nice. He said it was bad for the environment. I just don’t get it. How can it bebad for the environment? Why are people so impolite?Xiao Wang:Well, well, I must say there are certainly rude people everywhere!。
全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 2
Unit2 Express Yourself!Listening and SpeakingAudio Track 2-2-1A: The woman in the red coat is smiling and the woman in the blue jeans beside her is laughing. Why are they so happyB: Maybe they’re going to the movies and they are excited.Audio Track 2-2-2/Audio Track 2-2-31.Angie: Okay, what’s the next test questionMarc: The next question is ... What’s the capital of GreenlandAngie: (yawning ) ... It’s ...Marc: Angie!Angie: WhatMarc: Stop yawning. This is serious!Angie: I’m sorry. I’m listening.2.Pablo: So, my plane leaves at 8: 00, and ... hey Carolyn, are you crying Carolyn: No, not really.Pablo: Yes, you are! What’s wrongCarolyn: Well, it’s summer vacation and you’re going away.Pablo: Come on now. Don’t cry. It’s only for three months.Carolyn: Okay. But write to me. I’ll miss you.3.Vickie: Tony, what’re you doingTony: I’m planning our trip to Las Vegas. Ugh! I can’t find a hotel room. Vickie: So we can’t visit Las VegasTony: No, we can’t. Hey Vickie, why are you smilingVickie: I don’t really want to go to Vegas, Tony. I’m glad. Now we can visit London instead!Audio Track 2-2-4/Audio Track 2-2-51.Man: Where are you running to, PaulaWoman: I have Connie’s wallet. I need to give it to her.Man: Come on. I’ll help you.Woman: I don’t see Connie anywhere.Man: Look! She’s over there. Standing at the bus stop.Woman: Oh yeah, I see her. Connie! Connie!Man: She doesn’t see us.Woman: You’re right. It’s too noisy, and she’s talking to someone.2.Man: Well, here we are. This is my mom’s house.Woman: It’s beautiful.Man: Hey, Jen. Are you okayWoman: I’m just a little nervous. It’s my first time meeting your mother. Man: Come on. Don’t worry. Here she is now.Woman 2: Hi, Tim!Man: Hi, Mom. I’d like you to meet Jen.Woman 2: Hi, Jen. It’s very nice to meet you.Woman: It’s nice to meet you, too. Mrs. Harris.3.Man: Hey, Anne. Where are you goingWoman: I’m going to the library to study.Man: For what It’s only 7:00 a.m.!Woman: My final exams. They’re next week.Man: Wow, well, good luck!Woman: Thanks!4.Woman: Bill, it’s late. Where’s the theaterMan: Hmmm ... I think it’s near here.Woman: Are you sure What street is thisMan: Uhm ... I don’t know.Woman: Where’s the map I want to check.Audio Track 2-2-6/Audio Track 2-2-7Paula: So, Jane, what are you doing these daysJane: I’m working in an office. And I’m studying computer science in the evening. Paula: You’re really busy!Jane: That’s for sure! And in my free time, I’m learning Spanish for my vacation. I’m planning a trip to Mexico next year.Paula: What about your brothers How are they doingJane: They’re doing great! Alex is helping our father in his business, and Adam is going to Pacific University.Paula: How nice!Jane: Paula, how about you How are you doing these daysPaula: I’m doing great, too. I’m working on a project about community safety. Jane: Community safetyPaula: Yeah. We’re planning a campaign against theft, fire, AIDS and drugs in ourcommunity.Jane: Oh, that sounds interesting!Paula: Yes, indeed it is interesting. And it is very important to the community.Audio Track 2-2-8/Audio Track 2-2-10Know before you go!BangladeshPeople greet their friends by shaking hands softly and then putting their hands over their heart. People in Bangladesh don’t use many gestures. Waving at people and winking are very rude. Don’t touch people on the head. Don’t point with your foot — Bangladeshi people think feet are very dirty.IndonesiaIndonesians greet people with a long handshake, and they bow at the same time. At a meeting, give every person your business card, but use your right hand — using your left hand is very rude.Audio Track 2-2-9/Audio Track 2-2-10ThailandIn Thailand, the traditional greeting is called wai— people put their hands together and bow. Men and women don’t often touch each other in public. Thai people don’t use their hands for gestures, but they love to smile a lot. They sometimes laugh when they feel nervous or embarrassed.The United Arab EmiratesPeople in the United Arab Emirates have some special gestures. When two men meet, they shake hands. Sometimes old men touch noses together. Women kiss their friends on the cheek. If a man meets a woman, he doesn’t shake hands with her. He just smiles. When you give your friend something, give it to him with your right hand. Don’tuse your left hand. And don’t point at people with your finger. Use your hand to gesture towards them.Audio Track 2-2-11/Audio Track 2-2-12In Brazil, men often shake hands when they meet for the first time. When women meet, they kiss each other on the cheek. Women also kiss male friends to say hello. When you shake hands, look at the person in the eyes. This shows interest and friendliness. In New Zealand, usually, both men and women shake hands when they meet someone for the first time. If you see two people pressing their noses together, they are probably Maori. The Maori are the native people of New Zealand. This is their traditional greeting.In Japan, when people meet for the first time, they usually bow. In business, people also shake hands. In formal situation, people often exchange business cards. When you give a business card, give it with two hands. This is polite. Special note: In Japan, when people smile it can have different meanings. It usually means that the person is happy, or that the person thinks something is funny. But it can also mean that the person is embarrassed.Audio Track 2-2-131. The man is laughing. The man’s laughing.2. The bus is coming. The bus’s coming.3. Why is she frowning Why’s she frowingAudio Track 2-2-141. Tina’s studying in the library.2. My sister’s nervous. She is studying for a test.3. When is your class4. Cintra’s dad is talking on the phone.5. How’s your family doing6. Toshi’s car is not working.Audio Track 2-2-15Jim: Hi, Katy.Katy: Hey, Jim. How’s it goingJim: Great! How’re you doingKaty: I’m stressed.Jim: Yeah What’s wrongKaty: Oh, I have an important test tomorrow.Jim: Well, why aren’t you studyingKaty: I’m kind of tired.Jim: Come on. Let’s have a cup of coffee. Then you can study.Katy: Okay, sounds good!Audio Track 2-2-16A: Hi, Mike.B: Hi, Jim. How are you doingA: Not so good. Actually I’m a bit angry.B: Yeah What’s wrongA: Oh, I’m going to see a football game tonight with my friend Dan, but he’s late. B: Why not give him a call right nowA: I did, but his mobile is out of service and I couldn’t reach him.B: Calm down. When will the game startA: It starts in 20 minutes! There’s not much time left to get there.B: Don’t worry. Just take a taxi to the game. Maybe Dan is there already.A: Yeah, I guess that’s the best thing to do!Audio Track 2-2-17A: Hi, Ben.B: Hi, Lisa, How are you getting along You look unhappy today.A: It’s nothing really. It’s just ... about my trip to Boston.B: You’re going on a trip to Boston Sounds nice. Why are you so glumA: Well I hate flying. That’s what is bothering me. Just thinking of airplane crashes makes me scared.B: Come on, Lisa. Airplanes are safe.A: Perhaps, but I’m still afraid.B: OK. I understand. Let me see ... I have a suggestion! Want to hear itA: Go ahead.B: Why don’t you rent a car and drive to BostonA: That’s a great idea!B: Yeah, and perhaps I could come with you! I have friends in Boston, and I could visit them, too.A: Sounds good.Audio Track 2-2-18A: Hi, Mike! It’s great to see you again! How’s it goingB: I’m fine. Thanks. How are you doingA: Fine! Where are you living nowB: I’m living in Boston, attending Harvard University.A: Wow, so you’re still at university.B: Yeah, I’m doing my PhD. It’s taking ages to finish and it’s pretty stressful.How about youA: Well, I’m a sales manager at an American company. It’s pretty exciting.B: I wish I were working already. I’m sick of studying.Video CourseVideo Track 2-2-1Dave: I get stressed very often because of school.Natalie: Sometimes at the office I get stressed, and when I do, I take a break and go for a walk.Dayanne: One of the things that really makes me happy is going to the beach. Alyssa: I don’t like to feel angry or sad or frustrated. I do like to feel happy and excited. WhenI’m angry, I like to be alone, I don’t like to be around other people. Agnes: I don’t like to be angry or stressed, because when I am, I eat all the time, and when I’m angry, I yell at everybody.Jennifer: When I have stress, I like to take my dog to the park and throw the ball or throw the Frisbee, and that relaxes me.Video Track 2-2-2Alyssa: I don’t like to feel angry or sad or frustrated. I do like to feel happy and excited. When I’m angry, I like to be alone. I don’t like to be around other people.Jennifer: When I have stress, I like to take my dog to the park and throw the ball or throw the Frisbee, and that relaxes me.Video Track 2-2-3Dennis: We have a special way of greeting our elders in the Philippines by takingtheir hand and kind of kissing it like this. And it’s called mano.Dayanne: In Brazil when you greet a friend you give them a big hug and sometimes you give them a kiss on the cheek and in some places you give two kisses and in some places three kisses.Miyuki: Bowing is a very polite gesture in Japan, but I often shock people when I stick my hands out to shake their hands because it’s not very common.Agnes: When you greet somebody in Senegal you shake hands for a long time or you can hug, too, and ask about him, and his family, and his friends, and it takes a while.Video Track 2-2-4Takeshi: OK, let’s begin. In Japan, you bow when you greet people ... like this. (bows)Claudia: (bows) That’s cool.Tara: (Tara enters) Hi! What are you two doingClaudia: Takeshi is teaching me traditional Japanese greetings for my trip to Japan. Tara: Your trip to Japan WhenClaudia: I have a big meeting in Tokyo in July.Tara: Wow! That’s great.Claudia: I’m a little nervous about the whole trip, though.Takeshi: Why There’s no need to be nervous.Claudia: I’m kind of worried about making mistakes. I don’t know anything about Japan.Tara: Don’t worry. Everything’s going to be fine.Takeshi: And you have a good teacher. Let’s see, what else Oh, remember — always use two hands when you give a person your business card ... like this. (hands Claudia business card, she responds)Tara: (points to Claudia) Hey! That looks really good, Claudia. You’re a natural! Takeshi: And remember — never use your finger to point. That’s actually rude in a lot of countries.Tara: ReallyTakeshi: Yep. Oh, and one more thing. In Japan, for luck, you jump three times and nod your head ... like this.Claudia: WhatTakeshi: Yeah. Let’s try it, come on. Come on, Claudia, try it.Claudia: OK. (Claudia starts to jump and nod her head)Takeshi: Good.Claudia: Like thisTakeshi: (winks at Tara) Yup. (Tara and Takeshi laugh)Claudia: Hey! They don’t do that in Japan! You guys are joking. Oh!Takeshi: Come on Claudia! I only wanted to teach you a very important rule for traveling — relax! And have a little fun!Claudia: You’re right. Some teacher you are!Video Track 2-2-5Takeshi: OK, let’s begin. In Japan, you bow when you greet people ... like this. (bows)Claudia: (bows) That’s cool.Tara: (Tara enters) Hi! What are you two doingClaudia: Takeshi is teaching me traditional Japanese greetings for my trip to Japan. Tara: Your trip to Japan WhenClaudia: I have a big meeting in Tokyo in July.Tara: Wow! That’s great.Video Track 2-2-6Claudia: I’m a little nervous about the whole trip, though.Takeshi: Why There’s no need to be nervous.Claudia: I’m kind of worried about making mistakes. I don’t know anything about Japan.Tara: Don’t worry. Everything’s going to be fine.Video Track 2-2-7Takeshi: And you have a good teacher. Let’s see, what else Oh, remember — always use two hands when you give a person your business card ... like this. (hands Claudia business card, she responds)Tara: (points to Claudia) Hey! That looks really good, Claudia. You’re a natural! Takeshi: And remember — never use your finger to point. That’s actually rude in a lot of countries.Tara: ReallyTakeshi: Yep. Oh, and one more thing. In Japan, for luck, you jump three times and nod your head ... like this.Claudia: WhatTakeshi: Yeah. Let’s try it, come on. Come on, Claudia, try it.Claudia: OK. (Claudia starts to jump and nod her head)Takeshi: Good.Claudia: Like thisTakeshi: (winks at Tara) Yup. (Tara and Takeshi laugh)Claudia: Hey! They don’t do that in Japan! You guys are joking. Oh!Takeshi: Come on Claudia! I only wanted to teach you a very important rule for traveling — relax! And have a little fun!Claudia: You’re right. Some teacher you are!。
全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit
全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文UnitUnit 5 Unsolved MysteriesListening and SpeakingAudio Track 2-5-1In the picture on the left, a criminal is breaking a law; he is committing a crime. In the picture on the right, the detective is catching and arresting the criminal. In the picture in the center, the detective is questioning the criminal but he is not making a confession.Audio Track 2-5-2/Audio Track 2-5-3The greatest detectiveSherlock Holmes is probably the greatest detective ever known —well, at least he’s one of the most famous. Bu t he never actually existed … he’s an imaginary detective who appears in sixty stories created by the Scottish author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Doyle was not always a writer. He started his career as a doctor. Fortunately for us, he did not have many patients. He needed money and so he started to write stories. The first Sherlock Holmes story was published in 1887, and was called A Study in Scarlet. Later, a magazine published The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and readers loved it!What makes Sherlock Holmes so special Well, he was very intelligent and successful. He always arrested the criminal —every single time —with the help of his partner, Dr. Watson.In the stories, Holmes lived at 221B Baker Street in London, England. Thousands of people visit that address every year. There’s also a Sherlock Holmes Museum in London.Audio Track 2-5-4/Audio Track 2-5-5/Audio Track 2-5-6Mike: … So, we can look forward to warmer temperatures.It’ll be a good weekend for the beach. Over to you, Alexa.Alexa: Thank you fo r that weather report, Mike. And finally, this story just in. … We have a report that a local man, Nick Brown, saw some strange lights. He was driving home at about 10 . He said the lights were bright and they moved across the sky. He stopped at a gas station and talked to a police officer about the lights. The police officer had seen the lights, too.Mike: Hmm … that’s a strange story. What happened next Alexa: Well, Mr. Brown took some pictures, but there was no film in his camera. Finally, he called his wife on his cell phone. But by that time, the lights were gone.Mike: Well, I know that there is a legend around here about mysterious lights …a lot of local peo ple have seen the lights. It’s starting to seem like those lights really exist. What do you think, Alexa Alexa: I don’t believe it. I think it’s some kind of hoax!Audio Track 2-5-7/Audio Track 2-5-8It was raining heavily. I couldn’t see clearly. I drove slowly. Suddenly, I saw a young girl. She was dressed neatly and standing in the middle of the road. I was surprised! Somehow, I stopped the car quickly.“What are you doing” I asked. She looked at me strangely but didn’t answer. “Are you OK” I asked. “I’m fine,” she answered. Then she smiled happily and walked away quietly. Nervously, I drove to my hotel and checked in. I told the clerk about the little girl. “Do you know her” I asked. “Oh yes,” he said calmly.“That’s Mary Anne. She died five years ago on that road. It was a car accident during a rainstorm.”Audio Track 2-5-9The Tunguska MysteryIt was early morning. June 30, 1908, in eastern Russia. Suddenly, a terrible explosion rocked the forest in Tunguska. People fell to the ground, and all the trees for 2000 square kilometers were knocked down. People heard the explosion 800 kilometers away, and the fire burned for many weeks.Audio Track 2-5-10/Audio Track 2-5-11What caused this terrible explosion A century later, scientists are still trying to find the answer. Here are some possible explanations.1. An asteroid: Asteroids are very large pieces of rock that go around in space and sometimes hit the planet. They can cause lots of damage. Some of them weigh as much as 100,000 tons. If an asteroid hit the earth, it would cause a huge explosion.2. A comet: Comets are giant balls of gas, ice, and rock with long tails. They travel through space in a regular pattern. Encke’s Comet was near Earth in 1908, and it’s possible that a part of it broke off and hit the earth.3. A UFO accident: Some people believe that a spaceship crashed into the ground in Siberia and its engine exploded.4. An extraterrestrial attack: Another idea is that extraterrestrials, that is, people from other planets, attacked the earth. Extraterrestrials might have wanted to destroy the earth, so they aimed their weapons at Earth and set fire to the forest.5. A scientific experiment: Another idea is that scientists made a mistake during an experiment with electricity. A man named Nikola Te sla tried to build a “supergun” that used electricity. Maybe it was a test of his gun and it didn’t work correctly.Audio Track 2-5-12/Audio Track 2-5-13Q: Where is Marfa and what exactly is it famous forA: Marfa is a small town in west Texas in the United States. It’s famous for the “Marfa mystery lights.”Q: What are the mystery lights exactlyA: No one knows for sure. There are many different ideas about that.Q: Can you describe themA: That’s a difficult question. Different people see different lights. They are not always the same. I can say that they appear after sunset in the sky. They dance mysteriously in air and vanish. Then they suddenly reappear.Q: Some people say they are car headlights. Do you think so A: No, I don’t. A man first saw the mys tery lights over 100 years ago. The man was Robert Ellison and the year was 1883. Of cour se we didn’t have cars in 1883. Q: What do you think causes the lightsA: There are many theories. The Native Americans thought the lights were stars falling to Earth. Some people think uranium gas causes the lights. Other people suggest that ball lightning does it. Ball lightning is lightning in the shape of circle. It often appears just after a rainstorm.Q: What are some of the weirdest ideas about the lightsA: Wel l, some people call them “ghost lights.” They think ghosts do it. That’s the strangest idea. Some say they are UFOs.I don’t think so.Q: What do the experts sayA: They can’t figure it out. Some engineers even came from Japan one time. They studied the li ghts, but couldn’t solve the mystery.Q: Are the local people scaredA: No, actually, they aren’t. They like the lights. And everyyear in early September there’s a big town festival to celebrate the mystery lights.Audio Track 2-5-14Q: What do you think causes the lightsA: There are many theories. The Native Americans thought the lights were stars falling to Earth. Some people think uranium gas causes the lights. Other people suggest that ball lightning does it. Ball lightning is lightning in the shape of circle. It often appears just after a rainstorm.Q: What are some of the weirdest ideas about the lightsA: Well, some people call them “ghost lights.” They think ghosts do it. That’s the strangest idea. Some say they are UFOs.I don’t think so.Q: What do the experts sayA: They can’t figure it out. Some engineers even came from Japan one t ime. They studied the lights, but couldn’t solve the mystery.Q: Are the local people scaredA: No, actually, they aren’t. They like the lights. And every year in ear ly September there’s a big town festival to celebrate the mystery lights.Audio Track 2-5-151. That man seems angry.2. She speaks French.3. Your sister looks tired.4. He practices the piano every day.5. My aunt always watches the news.6. My friend knows the answer.Audio Track 2-5-16/Audio Track 2-5-17Stye: Do you know the Dodd DiamondFrye: Of course! The museum owns it.Stye: Not anymore! Someone stole it last night!Frye: Really How did it happenStye: Well, it’s unlikely the criminal walked into the room. There’s an alarm on the floor.Frye: But there’s no alarm for the skylight.St ye: You’re right! I bet the criminal climbed down a rope. Then he took the diamond without touching the floor!Audio Track 2-5-18A: I love chocolate.B: There's a good chance that's true. I know you like sweets. You probably like chocolate, too.A: My family has moved house six times.B: It doesn't seem possible.A: Why do you say thatB: I've known you since we were kids.Audio Track 2-5-19A: Do you believe that Bruno Hauptmann was the real kidnapperB: I doubt that he was. Nobody's likely to be so silly to leave all the evidence there for people to find. Besides, he never made a confession, did heA: If it wasn’t him … it could have been Betty Gow. What do you thinkB: Well, it’s unlikely that she did it. She loved the baby. She even fainted at the trial.A: That’s true. Then it could have been Ernie Brinkert.B: Why do you think it could be himA: Well, he’s Violet Sharpe’s boyfriend. He knew about the Lindberghs. It’s quitepossible that he made a secret plan with his girlfriend to kidnap the baby for money. B: That’s nonsense. His girlfriend had an alibi. She wasn’t in the house on the day the baby was kidnapped.A: Maybe that was part of the secret plan. Perhaps she was purposefully out of the house.B: Well, possibly. But Ernie’s handwriting didn’t match the kidnapper’s note. How can you explain thatA: I dare say that was also part of the plan. He could have deliberately written the note in a handwriting that is different to normal.B: It doesn’t seem possible. He couldn’t possibly have fooled the c ourt.Video CourseVideo Track 2-5-1Agnes: When I was visiting my grandfather in his village I witnessed a very strange event. It wasn’t raining and the women of the village went to a special place to make the rain fall. And that night it rained.Dave: T here’s a strange tale in Mexico about La Llorona who is a woman who wanders the streets weeping for her dead sons. When there is a strong wind they say you can hear La Llorona .Catherine: In New Jersey there’s a thing or a monster called the “Jersey Devil.” They say it’s very big and hairy but also very sneaky and that it moves from tree to tree.Lourdes: My favorite mysteries are about UFOs, which means Unidentified Flying Objects. I’m not sure if the UFOs are real or if they are a hoax, but I would like to think that they are real.Alejandra: One of the mysteries that I find interesting and hasnot been solved yet is the one of the Pyramids. How they made them. How they brought in those very heavypieces of stone to build the Pyramids.Calum: My advisor and my teacher told us that the dorm that we lived in was haunted, and one time late at night all the lights turned off suddenly and it was very strange and quite scary.Video Track 2-5-2Agnes: When I was visiting my grandfather in his village I witnessed a very strange event. It wasn’t raining and the women of the village went to a special place to make the rain fall. And that night it rained.Calum: My advisor and my teacher told us that the dorm that we lived in was haunted, and one time late at night all the lights turned off suddenly and it was very strange and quite scary.Video Track 2-5-3Roberto: Does anybody know why Tara asked us to come here todayTakeshi: She said something about solving a crime and arresting a criminal. Claudia: Arresting a criminalTara: Yes, a criminal.Takeshi: Hey, Tara. Nice hat!Tara: Someone in this room has committed a crime.All: What Come on. What are you talking aboutTara: A theft. Someone ate Sun-hee’s yogurt!Sun-hee: Well, my yogurt is missing. But it’s OK. It’s only yogurt.Tara: It starts with yogurt. Next time it’s your cookies, your ice cream … who knows where it will endSun-hee: OK ... OK. Go on.Tara: It’s very like ly one of you did it because you all have akey to this apartment.Takeshi: I only use my key for emergencies. And besides, you live here, you have a key … maybe you took it …Tara: I’m the detective, I didn’t do it. Now. The thief worked calmly, quietly, and very neatly. Note the weapon. (holds up spoon) Clean and dry.Roberto: I didn’t do it. I have an alibi. I was out of town last week … just got home last night.Tara: I know you didn’t do it, Roberto. I asked you to come here today because you are a friend of the thief — Claudia!Claudia: WhatTara: Confess! You’re always too busy to go shopping! You didn’t have any yogurt. You were hungry. It was late! You waited until everyone went to bed and then you slowly entered the kitchen, you made sure no one was there, then you carefully took this spoon and — very quietly — opened the refrigerator door and ate Sun-hee’s yogurt!Claudia: (jokingly) No! No! It’s not true!Mike: (enters apartment using key) Hey, everyone! (to Tara while taking spoon and walking towards fridge) Thanks. Nice hat! (to all while eating yogurt) What’s upVideo Track 2-5-4Roberto: Does anybody know why Tara asked us to come here todayTakeshi: She said something about solving a crime and arresting a criminal. Claudia: Arresting a criminalTara: Yes, a criminal.Takeshi: Hey, Tara. Nice hat!Tara: Someone in this room has committed a crime.All: What Come on. What are you talking aboutTara: A theft. Someone ate Sun-hee’s yogurt!Sun-hee: Well, my yogurt is missing. But it’s OK. It’s only yogurt.Tara: It starts with yogurt. Next time it’s your cookies, your ice cream … who knows where it will endSun-hee: OK … OK. Go on.Video Track 2-5-5Tara: It’s very likely one of you did it because you all have a key to this apartment. Takeshi: I only use my key for emergencies. And besides, you live here, you have a key … maybe you took i t …Tara: I’m the detective, I didn’t do it. Now. The thief worked calmly, quietly, and very neatly. Note the weapon. (holds up spoon) Clean and dry.Roberto: I didn’t do it. I have an alibi. I was out of town last week … just got home last night.Tara: I know you didn’t do it, Roberto. I asked you to come here today because you are a friend of the thief — Claudia!Video Track 2-5-6Claudia: WhatTara: Confess! You’re always too busy to go shopping! You didn’t have any yogurt. You were hungry. It was late! You waited until everyone went to bed and then you slowly entered the kitchen, you made sure no one was there, then you carefully took this spoon and — very quietly — opened the refrigerator door and ate Sun-hee’s yogurt!Claudia: (jokingly) No! No! It’s not true!Mike: (enters apartment using key) Hey, everyone! (to Tara while taking spoon and walking towards fridge) Thanks. Nice hat! (to all while eating yogurt) Wha t’s upAudio Track 2-5-20One day, Tara found that someone had eaten Sun-hee’s yogurt without notice. So, she asked everyone to help her solve this “crime.” She thought that it was very likely that one of her friends stole Sun-hee’s yogurt because they all had a key to the apartment. While Sun-hee the owner was quite calm and generous about the missing yogurt, Tara got serious about the matter. She warned everyone that a misdemeanor might gradually become a real crime if it were not checked at the start. She seemed to be determined to solve the crime, though in a humorous way. She accused Takeshi first, but he denied it. While Tara was showing everyone the “weapon” —a clean, dry spoon —Roberto said that he had an alibi and hadn’t done it. Tara said she knew he hadn’t done it and that Claudia had done it! Just as Claudia was protesting that it wasn’t true, Mike suddenly walked in. He calmly went to the refrigerator, took out some yogurt, and ate it! Finally everyone came to know who the “thief” really was.。
综合教程2-Unit2 key words and lecture notes
Electronic Teaching PortfolioBook TwoUnit Two: Optimism and Positive ThinkingPart I Get StartedSection A Discussion▇Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.1)How do you feel about your present life?2)Are you in a bad mood sometimes? If so, why?3)Do you know how to keep yourself in a good mood?4)How do you react to difficulties in life? Can you give an example?5)Do you think optimism is the key to a happy and better life?▇ Answers for reference:1)Possible Answers:a. I feel happy about my present life.●My parents love me much and my classmates are friendly and caring.●I am making progress in my studies every day.●I am becoming a more independent person.b. I am not happy about my life now.●It seems that I still cannot adapt to college life very well.●I find it hard to balance between social activities and studies.●I have difficulty getting along with my classmates.●I feel lonely at times.2)Possible Answers:a. Yes, I am in a bad mood sometimes.●when I have a quarrel with one of my classmates;●when I fail to get the desired results in my examinations;●when I feel bored and can find nothing interesting to do;●when I have a money problem.b. No, I am never in a bad mood.3)Possible Answers:Yes, I know a few ways to keep myself in a good mood.●Tell myself to be in a good mood every morning when I get up;●Choose to look at the bright side of things;●Focus on the things I have rather than things I do not have or cannot get;●Do some sports or play some computer games to distract myself when in a bad mood;●Take a walk on campus.4)Possible Answers:a. If I meet some problems or difficulties in life, I will face them positively and try my best to solve themby myself.●My parents hardly have enough money to pay for my education. I did not complain or feeldisadvantaged. Instead, I set my mind on solving the problem by myself. After I got into college I found a part-time job on campus and managed to earn some money to support myself.b. I would turn to my parents for help, because they are more experienced in life. And they are alwayswilling to help.c. I would just ignore them and let them be. There‟ll be some kind of solution somehow. Why bother?5)Possible Answers:a. Yes, I think so because happiness is a feeling of self-contentment. If I choose to be an optimist and tobe always in a good mood, I may feel happier and laugh more, and in this way I can enjoy life more,have more chances of success, and most probably I will live longer.b. No, I don‟t think so. Optimism alone is not enough for a happy and better life. Things may not getbetter just because of one‟s will power or one‟s optimistic attitude towards them.Section B Quotes▇Study the following quotes about personality and see if you accept the ideas expressed in the quotes.⊙Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.─Victor Hugo Interpretation:When we feel disappointed, sad, lonely or miserable, we tend to feel as if we were living in winter. Butlaughter is a good medicine and it can work miracles. If we make a conscious effort to laugh, we will soon findthat we are in a better mood. Here, Victor Hugo tells us, in a humorous way, the importance of being optimisticin times of adversity.Victor HugoAbout Victor Hugo:Victor Hugo /5vIkE(r) 5hju:gEU/ (1802-1885): French writer of poems, plays, and novels. Two of hismost famous novels, Notre Dame de Paris (《巴黎圣母院》); in English also called The Hunchback of NotreDame (《钟楼怪人》) and Les Misérables (《悲惨世界》), have been made into films, and Les Misérableshas also been made into a famous musical (音乐剧).⊙What seems to us as bitter trials are often blessings in disguise (伪装).─Oscar Wilde Interpretation:Life is full of trials. When you are in difficulty or suffer a setback, don‟t despair. You can always findsomething good in what seems to be a bad thing. Once you‟ve gone through the trials, you will find yourselfstronger and in a better position to attain success.Oscar WildeAbout Oscar Wilde:Oscar Wilde/5CskE(r) waIld/ (1854-1900): Irish writer of poems, stories, and especially humorousplays. He is best known for his play The Importance of Being Earnest and for his novel The Picture of DorianGray.⊙A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty.─Winston ChurchillInterpretation:The attitude of a person colours things around him or her. A pessimistic person is always focusing on thenegative side of things. Even when there is a good opportunity, a pessimist will think about the possibledangers or risks involved in it. An optimist does recognize the difficulties, but he or she chooses to focus onthe positive side.Winston ChurchillAbout Winston Churchill:Winston Churchill/5wInst E n 5tF\:tFIl/ (1874-1965): British politician who was Prime Ministerduring most of World War II and again from 1951 to 1955. He is still remembered and admired by most Britishpeople as a great leader who made possible Britain‟s victory in the war.⊙Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement. Nothing can be done without hope and confidence.─Helen Keller Interpretation:Optimism is essential for achievement. If we see no hope and have no confidence in what we are doing, we canachieve nothing. It is hope and confidence that motivate us to reach our objectives.Helen KellerAbout Helen Keller:Helen Keller/5helEn 5kelE(r)/ (1880-1968): US writer known especially for the way she learned tospeak and write after becoming blind and deaf as a baby. She greatly helped blind and deaf people bycollecting money, making speeches, and trying to change people‟s attitudes. She was the subject of a famousbook and film about her life called The Miracle Worker (《奇迹创造者》).Section C Watching and Discussion▇Watch the following video clip “How to Practice Positive Thinking” and do the tasks that follow:插入视频片段：“How to Practice Positive Thinking.wmv”1.Fill in the missing words according to what you hear from the video clip.A few simple attitude adjustments can make you happier and healthier. Here‟s how to harness the powerof positivity. You will need: optimism, visualization, happy friends and a gratitude journal.Step 1: Expect things to work out.Step 2：Instead of focusing on the negative, try to find something positive in every negative situation.Step 3: Picture yourself succeeding at challenging events.Step 4: Surround yourself with happy people.Step 5: Write down 5 things you‟re grateful for every single day.2.Discuss the topic with your group members: How have you practiced positive thinking in your daily life?What do you think is the effect of positive thinking?▇Answers for reference:(Open.)Script：How to practice positive thinking?A few simple attitude adjustments can make you happier and healthier. Here‟s how to harness the power of positivity. You will need: optimism, visualization, happy friends and a gratitude journal.Step 1: Expect things to work out. Optimists have reason to be cheery. Studies have shown that optimists are more successful and healthier than pessimists.Step 2：Instead of focusing on the negative, try to find something positive in every negative situation. This will train your brain and help your positive thinking come more naturally to you.Step 3: Picture yourself succeeding at challenging events. Visualizing yourself as strong and triumphant primes you to make it happen — which is why athletes have been using this tricks for years. The more vivid the image, the likelier it will work. So engage all your senses in the fantasy — smell, taste, feel and sounds.Step 4: Surround yourself with happy people. It‟s easier to stay positive when you‟re with other cheerful folks — some research indicates happiness is contagious.Step 5: Write down 5 things you‟re grateful for every single day. Transplant patients who did this reported more energy and deeper sense of well-being. Did you know Norman Vincent Peale, the author of “The Power of Positive Thinking” lived t o be 95?Part II Listen and RespondSection A Word Bankoptimist n. a person who thinks that whatever happens will be good 乐观主义者mood n. a state of the feelings at a particular time 心情，情绪；心境employee n. [(of)] a person who is employed [常与of连用]受雇者，雇员optimism★n. [U] a tendency to give more attention to the good side of a situation or toexpect the best possible result 乐观；乐观主义bottom line n. the most important thing to consider 要点，关键Section B Task One: Focusing on the Main IdeasTurn to page 37. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.1）According to the passage Michael was _____________.A) a curious personB)always an optimist in his lifeC)always a victim in his companyD)an employee who liked complaining2）If something bad happened or someone came to him complaining Michael would _____________.A)choose to be a victim.B)be more likely to be in a bad moodC)choose to accept the bad thing or the complainingD)choose the positive side of life3）In Michael‟s opinion _____________.A)those people who like to complain will often affect our moodB)we should do some morning exercises to cheer us upC)how we live our life is decided by our attitude to lifeD)optimists have more chances of success than pessimists4）From Michael the speaker has learned that _____________.A)each morning he must say something to himselfB) everyone may have a chance of successC) every day we have a choice to live fullyD) it’s not easy to be an optimist▇ Answers for Reference:1) B 2) D 3) C 4) CSection C Task Two: Zooming in on the Details▇Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.1)If an employee was having _____________, Michael was there telling the employee how to look on the_______________ side of the situation.2)Each morning when Michael woke up he would remind himself to be in a ______________ and choosethe positive side of life; if something bad happened, he would choose to __________________ it and not to be a_____________ of it.3)In Michael‟s opinion, life is all about _____________. E very situation in life is a choice. You choose howyou _____________ situations; you choose how people will ___________ your mood; you choose how you _____________. The bottom line is: It‟s your choice how you live your life.4)The author decided to follow Michael‟s example and believed that if he chose to be an optimist he might___________________, ________________________ and might have more _____________________.▆ Answers:1)If an employee was having a bad day, Michael was there telling the employee how to look on thepositive side of the situation.2)Each morning when Michael woke up he would remind himself to be in a good mood and choose thepositive side of life; if something bad happened, he would choose to learn from it and not to be a victim of it.3)In Michael‟s opinion, life is all about choices. Every situation in life is a choice. You choose how youreact to situations; you choose how people will affect your mood; you choose how you feel. The bottom line is: It‟s your choice how you live your life.4)The author decided to follow Michael‟s example and believed that if he chose to be an optimist he mightfeel better, enjoy life more and might have more chances of success.Script:Attitude Is EverythingMichael was a natural optimist. He was always in a good mood, always up and always had something positive to say.If an employee was having a bad day, Michael was there telling the employee how to look on the positive side of the situation. Seeing his optimism really made me curious, so one day I went up to Michael and asked him, “I don‟t get it. You can‟t be positive all the time. How do you do it?”Michael replied, “E ach morning I wake up and say to myself: Mike, you have two choices today. You can choose to be in a good mood or you can choose to be in a bad mood. I choose to be in a good mood. Each time something bad happens, I can choose to be a victim or choose to learn from it. I choose to learn from it. Every time someone comes to me complaining, I can choose to accept the complaining or I can point out the positive side of life, I always choose the positive side of life.”“Yeah, right. But it isn‟t that easy.” I said.“Yes, it is easy,” Michael said. “Life is all about choices. Every situation in life is a choice. You choose how you react to situations; you choose how people will affect your mood; you choose how you feel. The bottom line is: It‟s your choice how you live your life.”From Michael I have learned that every day we have a choice to live fully. So I will choose to be anoptimist. If I am an optimist I may feel better, enjoy life more, and maybe have more chances of success.Part III Read and ExploreText ASection A Discovering the Main Ideas1. Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1)According to Rich DeV os, what is the relationship between optimism and success?2)Why should each of us choose between optimism and pessimism to shape our outlook and ourexpectations?3)What is the author‟s choice? Why does he make such a choice?4)What does the author‟s experience in the service station tell us?5)What‟s the meaning of the sentence “Optimism doesn‟t need to be naive”(Para. 9)?▆ Answers for Reference:1)According to Rich DeV os, there seems to be a natural cause-and-effect relationship between optimismand success.2)Because there is enough good and bad in everyone‟s life and this serves as a rational basis for us tochoose either optimism or pessimism.3)Rich DeVos chooses to highlight the positive and slip right over the negative, because he is an optimist bychoice as much as by nature. And he found that the good in life is far greater and more important than the bad.4)It tells us that a negative attitude may have a profound effect on the way we feel and act.5)We can be optimists and still recognize that problems exist and that some of them are not dealt with easily.2.Text A can be divided into three parts. Now write down the paragraph numbers of each part and then give the main idea of each in one or two sentences.Part Paragraph(s) Main IdeaOne________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________▆▆ Answers for Reference:Part Paragraph(s) Main IdeaOne 1-3 It is necessary to choose optimism to shape our outlook andexpectations.Two4-7 The author illustrates the effect of negativism through hisown experience.Three8-10 The author suggests that we direct our attention to positiveand constructive thinking rather than to negativism.Section B In-depth StudySome psychologists believe that one’s state of mind has great influence over one’s social and intellectual performance, and the quality of life depends much on one’s attitude towards life. If this is the case, then can we consciously make our emotions work for us in a constructive way? The following passage provides a positive answer: by simply choosing optimism, we can lead a better life.Choose OptimismRich DeV os1 If you expect something to turn out bad, it probably will. Pessimism is seldom disappointed. But the same principle also works in reverse. If you expect good things to happen, they usually do! There seems to be a natural cause-and-effect relationship between optimism and success.2 Optimism and pessimism are with powerful forces, and each of us must choose which we want, so as to shape our outlook and our expectations. There is enough good and bad in everyone‟s life— ample sorrow and happiness, sufficient joy and pain — to find a rational basis for either optimism or pessimism. We can choose to laugh or cry, bless or curse. It‟s our decision: From which perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in hope or down in despair?3 I believe in the upward look. I choose to highlight the positive and slip right over the negative. I am an optimist by choice as much as by nature. Sure, I know that sorrow exists. I am in my 70‟s now, and I‟ve lived through more than one crisis. But when all is said and done, I find that the good in life is far greater and more important than the bad.4 An optimistic attitude is not a luxury; it‟s a necessity. The way you look at life will determine how you feel, how you perform, and how well you will get along with other people. Conversely, negative thoughts, attitudes, and expectations feed on themselves; they become a self-fulfilling prophecy.Pessimism creates a sad and hopeless place where no one wants to live in.5 Years ago, I drove into a service station to get some gas. It was a beautiful day, and I was feeling great. As I walked into the station to pay for the gas, the attendant said to me, “How do you feel?”That seemed like an odd question, but I felt fine and told him so.“You do n‟t look well,” he replied. This took me completely by surprise. A little less confidently, I told him that I had never felt better. Without hesitation, he continued to tell me how bad I looked and that my skin appeared yellow.6 By the time I left the service station, I was feeling a little uneasy. About a block away, I pulled over to the side of the road to look at my face in the mirror. How did I feel? Did I look that bad? Was everything all right? By the time I got home, I was beginning to feel a little sick. Did I have a bad liver? Had I picked up some rare disease?7 The next time I went into that gas station, feeling fine again, I figured out what had happened. The place had recently been painted a bright but disgusting yellow, and the light reflecting off the walls made everyone inside look as though they had hepatitis! I wondered how many other folks had reacted the way I did. I had let one short conversation with a total stranger change my attitude for an entire day. He told me I looked sick, and before long, I was actually feeling sick. That single negative observation had a profound effect on the way I felt and acted.8 The only thing more powerful than negativism is a positive affirmation, a word of optimism and hope. One of the things I am most thankful for is the fact that I have grown up in a nation with a grand tradition of optimism. When a whole culture adopts an upward look, incredible things can be accomplished. When the world is seen as a hopeful, positive place, people are given the power to attempt and to achieve.9 Optimism doesn‟t need to be naive. You can be an optimist and still recognize that problems exist and that some of them are not dealt with easily. But what a difference optimism makes in the attitude of the problem solver! For example, through the years I‟ve heard some people say that the money spent on our space program has been wasted. “Instead of spending $455 million to put a man on the moon,” they say, “why not spend that money here on earth on the poverty problem?” But when you ask them exactly how they would spend thatmoney to solve the poverty problem, most of them don‟t have an answer. “Give me a solution,” I tell them, “and I‟ll raise you the money.” Think in positive terms about how to address the issue rather than criticizing money spent on another program, such as America‟s space program, which has resulted in many positive discoveries that have benefited mankind.10 Optimism draws our attention away from negativism and channels it into positive, constructive thinking. When you‟re an optimist, you‟re more concerned with problem-solving than with useless fault-finding. In fact, without optimism, issues as big and ongoing as poverty have no hope of solution. It takes a dreamer —someone with hopelessly optimistic ideas, great persistence, and unlimited confidence — to tackle a problem that big. It‟s your choice.（此课文没有更新，不需要配图说明。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2 Unit1~7 笔记
读写译（二）Unit 1 笔记1. in the late 1960s 20世纪60年代后期in the early 1960s ……早期in the mid-1960s = in the middle ofthe 1960s ……中期2. culture n. 文化cultural a. 文化的cultured a. 有文化的，有教养的3. debut [‘deibu:] a. 第一次的debut album 首张唱片4. be in tune with the time 适合时代潮流be out of tune with…与……格格不入in tune 和调—out of tune 跑调，走调change one’s tune 改变态度dance to one’s tune 亦步亦趋5. be an instant hit 轰动一时make a hit 获得成功6. seek-sought-sought7. code n. 密码，代码post code 邮编；规则；法典，法规8. live by 靠……生活live on 靠……生活；以…为食feed on；继续活下去go on living（on的本义）live with = put up with 忍受，容忍live through度过~ a hard time ；经受live out （比预期）多活了（几天）e.g. The patient lived out another 2 days .；住在外面live up to 实践，做到，不辜负~one’s expectation 不辜负某人的期望live high 过奢侈生活Live and learn. 活到老，学到老。
As I live,……表强调，的确indeed , really9. survey （n. 重音在前v. 重音在后）调查；眺望，俯视convey v. 传达，运送conveyance n.10. curriculum=course 课程11. the way to do = the way of doingthe method of doingthe approach to doing (best)12. educator n. 教育工作者educationist=educationalist教育工作者，教育家13. rather than ①而不是instead of = not②而不愿would …rather than …/ prefer to …rather than …other than ①除了except②不同于different frome.g. My idea is quite other than yours.14. kindergarten 幼儿园elementary school = primary school = grammar school = grade school 小学（4）middle school = high school = secondary school 中学（3）junior middle / high school 初中senior middle / high school 高中college / university / institute 大学15. not …but …不是…而是…not that …but that …= not because … but because …16. antenna n. 天线article n. 物品，物件parental a. 父母的注意读音17. attach v. fasten or joinattach sth to sthbe attached to 附属，喜爱e.g. I’m greatly attached to my work .attach importance to ……重视an attached middle school 附属中学attachment n.18. initial a. 首先的of / at the beginning ；首字母的n. 首字母v. 草签（协议）initiate v. 创始，发动createinitiative n. 主动性have the initiative 掌握主动take the initiative in / by doing 带头做(do sth) on one’s own initiative = actively 主动地19. on occasion 有时= now and then = occasionallyon the occasion of 在……之际e.g. on the occasion of (= at)sb’s wedding / partyon one occasion = once 一次on many occasions 很多次take the occasion to do借此机会（官腔）20. a wedding ring 结婚戒指an engagement ring 订婚戒指21. neglect n.v. 忽视neglect to doneglect one’s meals and sleep废寝忘食be neglectful ofCF: neglect, ignore, omitneglect （心上）对职责，义务的忽视neglect one’s duties 玩忽职守neglect traffic regulations 违反交规ignore （眼上）故意不理会，置之不理ignorance n. ignorant a.pay attention of = take notice of 注意omit 失误，疏忽，删除22. 以–mit 结尾的动词变为名词变化形式常类似 e.g. permit –permission admit –admission omit –omission 23. not in the least = not at all = not a bit一点也不not a little = very 许多24. relevant a. 有关的，相关relatedbe relevant to 反义irrelevant relevance(cy) n. have relevance to25. case 案件evidence u. proof c. 证据26. investigate vt. vi. investigate into investigator n. 调查员investigation n.on investigation 经过调查under investigation 在调查中make an investigation on / of / into做关于……的调查No investigation , no right to speak .没有调查就没有发言权。
大学英语综合教程第三册听力材料
Unit 1 AWhile some visitors to Singapore expect a high-tech city, there are also some parts of the island that still reflect how it used to look before urban development took over.In one of the main Central Nature Reserves, monkeys still roam freely, living side by side with humans. The macaques have grown accustomed to being fed, so they look to humans as a source of food. But this in itself is problematic. As the monkeys depend more on humans for food, they venture further from their natural habitat, a phenomenon that has worried experts.There is just not enough space. Essentially, in much of Southeast Asia we’ve seen a lot of habitat loss where rainforest has been destroyed and converted into human settlement. Singapore is a very urbanized city, and it’s taken a lot of space, so there is not much space left for long-tailed macaques.We really need to stop encroaching into nature reserves. We need to stop building the houses so nearby the reserves, which then causes the problem of the macaques coming in to people’s houses and raiding them. These macaques are French species so they live on the edges of the rainforests.If humans keep building the houses so near the reserves, there will definitely be a constant human-macaque conflict issue.After all, the m acaques are essential to maintaining the rainforest’s ecosystem. More should be done to protect them.Unit 1 BDuring the whole year’s promotion, a series of activities will be held to promote public awareness in protecting biodiversity like summit forums and biodiversity knowledge competitions. Also, the government will conduct supervision to fight illegal hunting and other related conduct in nature reserves nationwide.Wan Bentai, general engineer at the Ministry of Environmental Protection says biodiversity is vital to human life. The Earth is colorful just because of biodiversity. If all the species were gone and there were only us humans left, humans wouldn’t be able to survive.Biodiversity not only refers to all the species, including animals, plants and insects but also the genes and our living environment. However, dozens of species are disappearing on our planet everyday. Currently, 34,000 plants and 5,200 animals are on the edge of extinction.Scientists say many species’ extinction is attributed to human activities. Many animals are endangered because of human activities like hunting and fishing. But many animals have a close connection with humans, so we should treat them as friends. Besides, many plants make great contributions to human life, some of which are even more precious than gold.In recent years, the number of animal and plant species has declined sharply in China due to various reasons. We need policies which protect biodiversity. And we have to find programs which can encourage and provide incentives for people not to cut down the forest, nor to destroy the habitat of rare birds, nor fisheries. We have to do many things.Unit 2 AWhen it comes to intelligence, there has always been one fundamental question: Is intelligence a function of nature? Is it simply encoded in a child’s genes? Or is it a function of nurture? Is it more about the environment that a child grows up in?On the one hand, if we take two people at random from the crowd, it is very likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. However, if we take two identical twins, chances are that they will be as intelligent as each other. Therefore, a conclusion can be drawn that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. On the other hand, though, if we put identical twins in different environments, we would find differences in their intelligence several years later,which indicates that environment does play a crucial role in people’s intelligence.Recently, data has clearly indicated that nurture is indeed more than 50% of the equation. That is good news for educators, but even better news for society as a whole.Fortunately, President Obama has come out in strong support of early childhood education, particularly for those children most at risk of school failure. Investing in quality pre-school opportunities clearly helps give children from poverty-stricken areas the chance at a stronger start in school and in life.If we are serious about helping our children succeed in school, if we are truly interested in “Leaving No Child Behind,” we will take a hard look at this compelling data and begin investing greater sums at the early childhood level.Unit 2 BAlbert Einstein was a German-born physicist, although most people probably know him as the most intelligent person who ever lived. His name has become part of many languages when we want to say someone is a genius, as in the phrase, “She’s a real Einstein”. He must have been pretty brainy to discover the Theory of Relativity and the equation E=MC2.In 1999, Time Magazine named Einstein as the Person of the Century. No one could have guessed this would happen when he was in school. He was extremely interested in science but hated the system of learning things by rote memory. He said it destroyed learning and creativity. He had already done many experiments but failed the entrance exams to a technical college. He didn’t let this setback stop him. When he was 16, he performed his famous experiment of imagining traveling alongside a beam of light. He eventually graduated from university, in 1900, with a degree in physics.Twelve years later he was a university professor and in 1921, he won the Nobel Prize forPhysics. He went on to publish over 300 scientific papers. Einstein is the only scientist to become a cult figure, a household name and part of everyday culture. He once joked that when people stopped him in the street, he always replied, “Pardon me, sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein.” Today, he is seen as the typical mad, absent-minded professor, who just happened to change our world.Unit 3 ATo imagine life in the future, you have to know what might be possible. You also need a lot of imagination. There have been many exhibits, such as those at World’s Fairs and theme parks, showing how future homes might look and work, sponsored by builders, developers or technology companies. Science fiction is another way to predict the future. It’s a kind of writing that blends real science with fantasy. Over the years, science fiction writers, artists and engineers have had many ideas about what life would be like in the future. Here’s a look at what some of the leading scientists are working on today to bring into your homes tomorrow.On the outside a home might look like any other. But inside, it can be high-tech all the way! Computer scientists have found new ways to use technology to make people’s lives easier. For instance, sensors can show if someone is in your home and where they are at all times. You can check in from any computer — anywhere. The stuff of cutting-edge scientific research today is tomorrow’s household technology, and high-tech consumer products could be available in your future home!Unit 3 BWhat if we could wear bodysuits to give us super strength? Own an identical robot twin to work for us? What if we could travel through time? Technology is pushing from every direction, getting faster with each passing second. Prepare yourself! The future is closer than you think.A robot conducting a symphony orchestra! A mazing as that is, it’s just one wayreality is outpacing science fiction. Every day robots become even more sophisticated, taking on additional human traits. Until now, robots have mostly gotten the toughest jobs. They work at the assembly line and defuse or even detonate explosive devices.The traditional tasks for a robot have always been the 3-D’s: dull, dirty, dangerous. But as technology improves and as researchers are working towards developing these intelligent humanoids, we are going to see our homes and offices occupied by robots. It makes sense that if you are going to build a general-purpose robot that can perform any task that a human can do, you’d like to give it a human shape. It can walk gracefully. His creators study motion-capture video of both humans and animals. I believe that humanoid technologies will improve our lives in the 21st century.Unit 4 AA leading US scientist has predicted that computers will be as intelligent as humans by 2029. Futurologist Dr Ray Kurzweil told the American Association for the Advancement of Science that in the near future, machine intelligence will overtake the power of the human brain. He said that within two decades computers will be able to think quicker than humans. Dr Kurzweil painted a picture of us having tiny robots called nanobots implanted in our brain to boost our intelligence and health. He told reporters that these microscopic nanobots would work with our brains to make us think faster and give us more powerful memories. Kurzweil explained that we are already “a human machine civilization” and that the upcoming technology “will be a further extension of that.”Dr Kurzweil was one of 18 top intellectuals asked by the US National Academy of Engineering to identify our greatest technological challenges. Other experts included Google founder Larry Page and the human genome pioneer Dr Craig Venter. Kurzweil has a very impressive background in science and innovation. He was an innovator in various fields of computing, including the technology behind CDs. He also pioneered automatic speech recognition by machines. He predicts the pace of new inventionswill increase greatly from now, saying: “ … the next half century will see 32 times more technical progress than the past half century.” This means scenes from science fiction movies, like Blade Runner, The Terminator and I, Robot, will become more and more a part of our everyday lives.Unit 4 BThe scientists who launched the Human Genome Project believed in the power of genetic information to transform health care to allow earlier diagnosis of diseases than ever before and to fuel the creation of powerful new medicines.But it was also clear that genetic information could potentially be used in ways that are hurtful or unfair —for example denying health insurance because of an increased risk for developing a particular disease.Aware of the danger and hoping to ward it off, the founders of the Human Genome Project created a program to explore the ethical, legal, and social implications of new genetic knowledge. The goal was to anticipate problems that might arise and to prompt solutions.For example, in the future, doctors will likely be able to give each of us a “genetic report card” that will spell out our risk of developing a variety of different diseases. But will we really want that information? How will it be used? Who will have access to our genetic information? How will it affect our lives, our families, and our communities?The challenge of addressing these issues is not reserved for scientists. We all have a stake in making sure that everyone will benefit from genetic research and no one is harmed.Unit 5 A“Art does not solve problems, but makes us aware of their existence,” sculptor Magdalena Abakanowicz has said. Arts education, on the other hand, does solveproblems. Years of research show that it’s closely linked to almost everything that we as a nation say we want for our children and demand from our schools: academic achievement, social and emotional development, civic engagement, and equal opportunity. Involvement in the arts is associated with gains in math, reading, cognitive ability, critical thinking, and verbal skill. Arts learning can also improve motivation, concentration, confidence, and teamwork. A 2005 report by the Rand Corporation about the visual arts argues that the intrinsic pleasures and stimulation of the art experience do more than sweeten an individual’s life — according to the report, they “can connect people more deeply to the world and open them to new ways of seeing,” c reating the foundation to forge social bonds and community cohesion. Comprehensive, innovative arts initiatives are taking root in a growing number of school districts. Many of these models are based on new findings in brain research and cognitive development, and they embrace a variety of approaches: using the arts as a learning tool, incorporating arts into other core classes and creating a school environment rich in arts and culture. “When you think about the purposes of education, there are three,” an educator says. “We’re preparing kids for jobs. We’re preparing them to be citizens. And we’re teaching them to be human beings who can enjoy the deeper forms of beauty. The third is as important as the other two.”Unit 5 BThe arts are windows of the world in the same way that science helps us see the world around us.Literature, music, theater, the visual arts, the media, architecture, and dance reveal aspects about ourselves, the world around us, and the relationship between the two. In 1937, German planes flying for Franco in the Spanish civil war bombed a defenseless village as a laboratory experiment, killing many of the inhabitants. In Guernica, Pablo Picasso painted his outrage in the form of a vicious bull surveying a scene of human beings screaming, suffering, and dying. These powerful images mark in our minds the horror of a senseless act of war.Today, one major goal of education has become very practical: employability.Children should know how to read, write, and compute so that they can assume a place in the work force. Few would argue with that. But this objective should not allow us to overlook the importance of the arts and what they can do for the mind and spirit of every child and the function of schooling.Educational administrators need to be reminded that schools have a fundamental responsibility to provide the fuel that will ignite the mind, spark the aspirations, and illuminate the human spirit. The arts can often serve as that fuel. They are the ways we apply our imagination, thought, and feeling through a range of “languages” to illuminate life in all its mysteries, miseries, delights, pities, and wonders.Unit 6 AA solution may be at hand for holidaymakers who are finding it harder to get off the beaten track. For those who really want to get away from it all, a new holiday destination has sprung up — Antarctica. However, this new hotspot, or freezing zone, might only be for those with the deepest pockets if a new policy gets under way. Tourism on Antarctica has been increasing dramatically in the past twenty years, from a few thousand people in 1985 to more than 40,000 in 2007. The growing numbers are having a negative effect on the pristine environment of the South Pole. To combat this, researchers from Holland’s Maastricht University have come up with a possible solution: limit the number of tourists allowed to visit and auction the vacations to the highest bidders.Many environmental protection agencies agree that there is a need to protect the frozen wilderness from the damage created by modern tourism. Antarctica is the last unspoiled place on Earth. It has a very delicate ecosystem that could be easily upset by hordes of tourists landing in airplanes and using skimobiles. A difficulty exists because Antarctica is not a country and therefore has no government to pass laws or guidelines to control the number of visitors. The Maastricht University team’s proposal to auction off a fixed number of tourist places seems a workable solution. Itwould limit the number of visitors and therefore contain the amount of environmental damage, and the money would be used to protect Antarctica’s future.Unit 6 BTraveling to World Heritage sites is rewarding! It is about exploring unique environments, engaging with cultural splendours, experiencing a different way of life and building lasting memories. The following are some great travel tips that can enhance your trip and benefit the World Heritage sites you visit. Here are the tips: Before traveling, first find out as much as possible. The more you know about a World Heritage site before arriving, the more the site will come alive. Second, pack light. It is tempting to pack everything you think you might need, but remember to be smart about your necessities. Packaging items like the paper box of your film or the plastic wrapping of your new toothbrush simply consumes space in your bag and can create excess trash for the World Heritage site. Finally, explore transportation options. Traveling affects the environment. Wherever possible, try to minimize your pollution and impact on the environment by looking to alternative transportation and off-setting your carbon emissions.During your traveling, tread lightly and respect the natural environment. These destinations are World Heritage sites because of their exceptional natural or cultural splendour. Do your part to keep them that way by following designated trails, respecting caretakers and not removing archaeological or biological treasures from sites. Besides, while it is important to support local economies, certain tourist activities and souvenirs can damage a fragile World Heritage site. Say “no” to souvenirs that are a piece of the site itself and to tourist activities that may be harmful to a site’s longevity.Unit 7 AAnyone who has experienced it knows all too well – video game addiction is real.Although gaming addiction is not yet officially recognized as a disorder by the American Medical Association, there is increasing evidence that people of all ages, especially teens and pre-teens, are facing very real, sometimes severe consequences associated with compulsive use of video and computer games.Video games are becoming increasingly complex, detailed and compelling to a growing international audience of players. With better graphics, more realistic characters and greater strategic challenges, it’s not surprising that some teens would rather play the latest video game than hang out with friends, play sports or even watch television.Of course, all gamers are not addicts – many teens can play video games a few hours a week, successfully balancing school activities, grades, friends and family obligations. But for some gaming has become an uncontrollable compulsion. Studies estimate that 10 percent to 15 percent of gamers exhibit signs that meet the World Health Organization’s criteria for addiction. Just like gambling and other compulsive behaviors, teens can become so enthralled in the fantasy world of gaming that they neglect their family, friends, work and school.Unit 7 BInternet Addiction Disorder has long been recognized as a social problem.According to psychological counselor Li Jianling, if you have the following symptoms, it is likely that Internet addiction has begun to infiltrate your life. Internet addicts lose track of time and spend less and less time on meals at home or at work. They are used to eating in front of a computer screen. Also, they deny spending too much time on the Net. They can’t help going online when already busy at work, and they sneak online when family members aren’t at home, with a sense of relief. It’s a commonly known fact that Internet addiction can have a devastating effect on peoples’ health and social lives. Adults may lose the most important years for their career development and students may waste too much of their youth in front of a computer screen.But why is Internet addiction so prominent in China? Li Jianling explains that many youths are the only children in their families. They don’t have enough chances to associate with parents and relatives. Also, the lack of activities for adults can lead to Internet addiction. When people grow up, if they don’t spend time on sports or other positive interests, they often turn to the Internet to kill time.How do we deal with this problem? Li Jianling says associating more with family, friends and nature can really help Internet addicts kick the habit. Everyone understands that parents nowadays are busy, but if they just spend more time communicating with their kids, they can help avoid their children from becoming addicted to the Internet.Unit 8 AThe ability of a country to reduce poverty and increase its development depends on a number of things: its physical geography, the policy choices it makes, and the resources, institutions and capacities it has access to. On top of these, money is also needed to enable a country to invest in infrastructure or programs that support economic growth and development. Countries can finance their development in several different ways. First and foremost are the domestic financial resources that countries already have — the taxes they collect on economic activity or government borrowing from the savings that people and companies make. But for many developing countries, domestic resources are insufficient to meet the scale of investment necessary. So there is often a need to supplement them with financial resources from other countries. In 2005, many donor countries committed to increasing the amount of money they give in aid by $50 billion by 2010.Of equal importance, aid also needs to work better. For example, aid sometimes can be tied to the purchase of goods and services from the donor. This means that aid is not necessarily directed to the things that matter for poor people. This undermines the effectiveness of aid, as measured by its ability to reduce poverty. Making aid more effective is a responsibility shared by donor and recipient countries.The organization called United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has been focusing on supporting recipient governments, ensuring aid coordination, and supporting to monitor arrangements that include the private sector and civil society.Unit 8 BUN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon says the global financial crisis may have shaken world confidence, but not the international community’s re solve to help the United Nations continue working to fight poverty and disease. Mr. Ban said the international community’s determination to help what he calls the world’s “bottom billion” —those who live on less than $1 a day —has not weakened. During the annual meeting of the UN General Assembly that wrapped up last week in New York, member states pledged $16 billion to help the UN meet targets of cutting poverty and disease worldwide by 2015.“Everyone has felt the earthquake on Wall Street,” said the U.N. chief. “But it has not shaken our resolve. Banks may be failing, but the world’s bottom billion can bank on us.” He said the generosity of these commitments is very encouraging, given the economic climate.In the first of a new monthly series of press conferences, Mr. Ban spoke about the many challenges facing the United Nations —among them, the deteriorating situation in Darfur, the precarious political and military situation in Afghanistan, piracy and instability in Somalia and the effects of climate change.The UN chief said that amid these crises the world must not forget the plight of others and he urged world leaders to honor the monetary pledges they have made. “Grave as it may be, today’s financial crisis will be overcome,” he said. “We must und erline the need for ‘crisis-proofing’ of the important priorities of the United Nations from international financial turbulence.”。
听力教程第二册unit2听力原文
听⼒教程第⼆册unit2听⼒原⽂Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accenta . It's on top of the bookcase.b. With milk, please.c. At five past one.d. At five past one.e. It's on top of the bookcase.f. With milk, please.Exercise:1.f2.c3.e4.b5.a6.dPart2 Listening and Note-takingRalph NaderRalph Nader is a man of few possessions. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment. He doesn't have a car or a TV set. He doesn't have many clothes and he doesn't care about money when he makes a lot of money, he gives it away. He doesn't smoke and he works from six in the morning until late at night, seven days a week: he is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.When he went to parties as a young man, people complained that all he talked about was the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths of so many people each year. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled "Unsafe at Any Speed," which was about a car called Corvair. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make car safer.After this success, Nader became interested in something very different. This was thequality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages and hamburgers. A year later, in 1967, again because of Nader's work, a law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines -- these are the pipes that take gas across the country from one town to another. The second was to protect people from radiation --that is, the dangerous radiation which may leak from nuclear sources. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry -- that is, the chicken and turkey meat.Ralph Nader, now one of the most influential people in the United States, has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise A:1. Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions.2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat.5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise B:Ralph NaderI.Ralph Nader, a man of few possessionsA. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment.B. He doesn't have a car or a TV set.C. He doesn't have many clothes.D. He doesn't care about money.II. His early efforts to make car saferA.He talked about the dangers of cars, and how bad car design causedthe deaths of so many people each year at parties.B.After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled"Unsafe at Any speed.ter, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed howmany deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars.D. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make carssafer.III. His interests in something very differentA. The quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods likesausages and hamburgersB. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts.a. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines.b. The second was to protect people from radiation.c. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry.IV. Ralph Nader. one of the most influential people in the United StatesA. He has set a wonderful example of what determined men andwomen can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1Give Them Time to Get to Know YouFather: Well, whose fault do you think it is, then?Daughter: I don't know.Father: It couldn't be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven't any friends there?Father: No, that you haven't got any friends.Daughter: But I've told you! They're not very friendly there. They never talk to me!They just leave me alone.Father: But why?Daughter: How should I know?Father: Isn't it possible it's because you're not very friendly towards them? Daughter: What do you mean?Father: Have you talked to them? Have you tried to make conversation? Daughter: I've told you! They're not interested in talking to me.Father: How do you know?Daughter: Because ... for example ... at lunch time, they all sit together in v groups! Father: Yes, but why don't you sit with one of the groups?Daughter: Don't be silly. I couldn't. It would be awful!Father: why?Daughter: It just would. That's all.Father: How do you know?Daughter: I just do!Father: Well, you'll never make friends if you don't try, will you? I mean, you've got to meet them, too, at least half way. Daughter: It just wouldn't work!Father: You know what I think. I think you're just saying that because you're impatient.Daughter: Impatient? Me?Father: Yes, impatient. You always have been, ever since you were a child. If you don't get what you want immediately, you get depressed and you give up tooeasily!Daughter: Look, if you came with me some morning, you'd understand ...Father: You've only been there for four weeks. These things take time. Daughter: I know, but I still feel ...Father: Listen, give them time to get to know you ... and give yourself time get to know them, and things will change. Believe me!1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.TDialogue 2 GesturesNumber 1Woman: You know, a "nod" -- moving your head up and down -- means “yes” in most places, but not everywhere. Did you know that in Greece a nod means "no"? Man: It means "no" in Greece? I'm surprised.Number 2Man: I didn't know "raised eyebrows" means "yes" in Tonga. It means something very different in Peru.Woman: Yeah? What does it mean there?Man: Money. "Raised eyebrows" is a gesture for money in Peru.Woman: Hmm.Number 3Woman: Um, Alberto, you said that "tapping your head" means "I'm thinking" in Argentina.Man: That's right.Woman: You'd better be careful about using that gesture here in Canada. It means someone is crazy.Man: Oh, it means "crazy" in Canada? I didn't know that. I'll be careful.Number 4Man: You know, it's interesting that in the Netherlands, "tapping your elbow" means you can't depend on someone. In Colombia, they use the same gesture, but ithas a different meaning.Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn't like to spend money. Woman: Oh.Number 5Woman: Here's an interesting one. You know how "circling your head" means that a person's crazy?Man: Yeah.Woman: Guess what it means in the Netherlands.Man: The Netherlands? I have no idea.Woman: It means someone is calling on the telephone. You know, like dialing a phone. Man: That's interesting.Number 6Man: So "flicking your chin" means "go away" in Italy, rightWoman: Yes.Man: Guess what it means in Brazil.Woman: In Brazil? I don't know.Man: That's right.Woman: Huh?Man: In Brazil, "flicking your chin" means "I don't know."Woman: "I don't know" is the meaning?Man: Right.Number 7Woman: Well, everything is "thumbs up" for my trip to Nigeria. I've never been to Africa before. I'm really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you'd better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.Woman: Huh?Man: Thumbs up. In Nigeria, it means ... um ... well, it has a very bad meaning.Don't use that gesture. It will get you into a lot of trouble.Woman: Oh, thanks for telling me.Number 8Man: You said "tossing your head" means "come here" for Germans? Woman: That's right. But there are some other meanings. In India, it means "yes."But it has the opposite meaning in Italy. In Italy it means "no."Man: Hmm, "yes" in India, "no" in Italy. Isn't it interesting how the same thing can have such different meanings? Woman: It sure is.Part 2 passagesWhy Shouldn't you Go by First Impressions?One shouldn't always go by* first impressions. In my hometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierce and unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend. In the same way one should never assume* that somebody who looks inoffensive is always going to behave in an inoffensive manner.Recently my young brother, who works for a famous American airline, was reminded of this truth. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So my brotherhad the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn't travel on the flight in question*. Knowing that the young are generally impatient and often aggressive, my brother chose three elderly travelers, an English couple and a little old American lady.The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while waiting for the next flight. Then my brother approached the American lady, whose name was Mrs. Pepper, with a sad smile on his face, "Mrs. Pepper? May I have a few words? I'm afraid we have a problem.""A problem? What de you mean, we have a problem, young man?"“Would you like to come into the office” asked my brother, sensing that this was not going to be easy."Oh, very well, but only for a moment. I have a plane to catch, you know.""Er ... yes." My brother explained the position.The little lady looked at him with steely, blue eyes. "Young man," she said. "I don't believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs Katherine Pepper, widow of General Arnold Pepper, of the United States Army Air Force and I'd like to inform you, further, that the President of your airline was a personal friend of the General's. In the circumstances I'd advise you to sort this out* right away, otherwise you're going to be in a lot of trouble. Do I make myself clear?" Exercise A:Appearances are often deceptive. In this passage, the two examples tell us the reason why we shouldn't go by first impressions.Exercise B:I.C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. BExercise C:1. To those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend.2. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So he had thedifficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question.3. They had a very close relationship.4. Probably he would never trust his first impressions again.Part 3 NewsNews ltem 1The simultaneous* bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are imprinted* on the minds of many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks are unreliable, according to a study from Portsmouth University. 40% of British students questioned about the events remembered seeing CCTV footage* of the bus bomb - footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction.Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed."Memories are not like videotape you can rewind and replay for perfect recall," said lead researcher James Ost. "Because of this, they are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decisions."Exercise A:This news item is about the false memories that British people have about the attacks happened in London three years age. Exercise B:The simultaneous bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are well remembered by many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks cannot be trusted, according to a study from Portsmouth University. When questioned about the events 40% of British students remembered seeing CCTV footage of the bus bomb----footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction. Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed. James Ost, the lead researcher, therefore concluded that memories are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decision.News Item 2China begins three days of mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan province, with a three-minute silence and half-mast flags.For three minutes a collective wail * was heard across the town of Beichuan as ° raid sirens* and car horns sounded the exact time when the earthquake hit China one week ago. Workers here laid wreaths* outsidethe town's school. At 2:28 in the afternoon, last Monday, it was engulfed* in a landslide*, hundreds of children died.To the side of the mourners, bodies lay waiting to be buried. Rescue work has resumed and two women were found alive here this morning, but these glimmers* of hope are increasingly rare. The aftershocks* continue.Exercise A:This news about the mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan, ChinaExercise B:1.The Chinese people mourned the earthquake victims with a three-minute silence andhalf-mast flags.2.At 2:28 p.m., last Monday.3.Hundreds of children were killed in a landslide.4.The hopes of finding more people alive were increasingly rare.5.No, aftershocks continued.News Item 3Indonesia is expected to announce stronger security measures Wednesday after a deadly bombing in Jakarta*. At least 13 people were killed when a car bomb exploded near a hotel. 149 people were injured. The hotel is operated by a United States company. The governor of Jakarta said it was very likely that the bomber was killed in the attack. Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri visited the damaged hotel. Buildings nearby also were damaged. Theexplosion comes 2 days before an Indonesian court decides the first case connected to the deadly bombings last year in Bali*. Those attacks killed 202 people.Exercise A:This news item is about the 2nd serious bombing that took place in Indonesia within 2 years.Exercise B:1. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. TSection three oral worksRetellingAs Susan and her daughter Jenny walked around the park they were hounded by beggars. The girl was shocked when she saw a skeletal young beggar woman wrapped in a gray shawl*. Her eyes were sunken* and she held out a bony hand like she was receiving communion, As she did, her shawl fell away revealing a young child standing under it.Jenny just started throwing her money into that bony hand. Susan grabbed her before she could start taking off her jewelry, and the mother decided to have a talk with her about the beggars when they got back to the hotel.They boarded the return bus. They were stopped at a red light when Jenny stood straight up and screamed, "Mother? Susan went to her window and she pointed to a taxi next to the bus. There, in air conditioned comfort, sat the beggar woman with her child next to her, eating an ice cream cone.。