虚拟语气讲与练1

这种类型虚拟句的一些特殊变化:
(1)主句的would可根据句子的意思换成 should，might，could。而从句中的 should却不能变化。 If he had studied hard, he could have finished his assignment by then. Even if there had been no homework to do, the child should not have played video games.
5）“如果没有…”或“要不是因为…”的虚拟 语气表达方式： If it were not for = Were it not for (表示现 在) If it had not been for = Had it not been for (表示过去) Were it not for the rain, we were playing football now. Had it not been for your help, I could not have finished the task so soon.
2. If it ______ too much trouble, I’d love a cup of tea. A) isn’t B) wasn’t C) were not D) hadn’t been 3. If the earth suddenly ______ spinning, we would all fly off it. A) stopped B) had stopped C) has stopped D) would stop 4. I’m sorry Andy didn’t want to go to the conference. ______ willing to go we would have paid all his expenses. A) Being B) Was he C) Had he been D) Should he
3）if条件句的省略倒装形式：在书面语中， 虚拟条件句可以不用if，而把谓语中的were， had或should移至主语前。 If I were you = Were I you, I would like to go with them. If I had been told the truth = Had I been told the truth, I would not have left. 4）引导从句的if有时可以换成 provided(that), providing(that), supposing(that)
9. ______ right now, she would get there on Sunday. A) Would she leave B) If she leaves C) Were she to leave D) If she had left 10. ______ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. A) Had they arrived B) Would they arrive C) Were they arriving D) Were they to arrive
(2)混合式的非真实条件句：条件从句和主句表达 的时间概念不一致，需要根据假设时间分别选用合适 的时态。 If I had not stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you would not be smiling now. (从 句指过去，主句指现在) If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句表示过 去，主句表示现在) If I were you, I would have gone with them. (从句 指现在或一般情况，主句指过去)
5. Even if I had known her address, I ______ time to write her. A) can not have had B) will not have had C) must not have had D) would not have had 6. ______ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now. A) It were not B) Had it not been C) Weren’t it D) Had not it been
虚拟语气有下面四种：
1.非真实假设复合句：由主句和if引导的条件 从句两部分构成实现的可能性不大。这 种句子也叫做纯粹的虚拟用法。按不同的 时间概念可分三种：
If I knew that matter now, I would tell you. 如果我现在知道那件事，我就告诉你了。 If we had not made preparations, the meeting would not have been so successful. 如果我们没有做那样充分的准备，会议不可能会那 样成功的。 If it were to / should rain, I would stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我就呆在家。 If I were a bird, I would fly to you immediately. If we had started early, we should have arrived at the destination earlier. If there should / were to be no air, plants would not grow.
7. ______ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand. A) Not being B) Had it not been C) Without being D) not having been 8. Jean doesn’t want to work right away because she thinks that if she ________ a job she probably would not be able to see her friends very often. A) has to get B) were to get C) had got D) could have got
练习
1. My cat would not have bitten the toy fish ________ it was made of rubber. A) if she has known B) if she knew C) she should have known D) had she known
虚拟语气
语气是表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种 语法范畴。英语中有陈述语气，祈使语气和 虚拟语气。虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示 说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建 议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观 存在的事实，有时甚至是与事实相反的空想 等。此外在一些特殊的句型结构和非正式用 语中要用虚拟语气。