2020届北京市通州区高考英语一模试卷含答案

高考英语一模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AI was in the seventh grade，and we had moved to New Jersey in November．By then，everyone already had had their own friends，and no one wanted to talk to a new girl．To make things worse，they put me in "Section L"．I found out later that everyone called Section L "Loserville"．It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers andnot-so-smart kids．When I found out，I wanted to scream．I had always been a good student and had amazing friends，and now everyone thought I was a loser!I did text my friends in Illinois almost every night，especially my best friend，Ana．At first my friends wanted to hear all about it．But then some stopped texting back once I said something about how miserable I was．One night when I was texting with Ana，I complained about another friend who had just done that．Ana's texts came really fast for the next few minutes and they surprised me．She said that she was tired of hearing about how bad everything was in New Jersey，too．She said she did not want to hurt my feelings but that I needed to stop feeling so sorry for myself all the time，I had to try to make things better．The next day，I thought a lot about what Ana had said．She was right!I wish I could say that everything changed overnight after that，but it didn't．I was still stuck in "Loserville"，and some people were still mean to me，even though I tried to just stay out of their way．But what did change was me-I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends．I signed up to make sets for the school play．I met a lot of new people there，and suddenly I had friends to say hi to in the halls!I still miss Illinois sometimes，but life in New Jersey isn't so hard anymore．Even though I couldn't change my situation，I could change my attitude-and that made all the difference．1."Loserville" is a section for ______ ．A. failuresB. good studentsC. class secretsD. newcomers2.The writer complained all the time in the new environment because ______ ．A. Ana didn't text back to herB. her friends hurt her feelingsC. she was unfairly treatedD. she was a good student3.What made a difference in changing the situation？______A. She went back to Illinois．B. She ended friendship with Ana．C. She fought back with her classmates．D. She began to make friends with others．4.The best title for the passage can be ______ ．A. Lasting FriendshipB. An Incidence at SchoolC. Say Goodbye to "Loserville"D. Unhappiness in "Loserville"BThese days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprint．In order to reduce global warming，we need to make our carbon footprints smaller．But how much CO are we responsible for？A new book by Mike Berners-Lee （a leading expert in carbon foot-printing）might be able to help．The Carbon Foot print of Everything looks at the different things we do and buy，and calculates the amount of CO2 they produce，including the ingredients，the electricity，the equipment，the transport and the packaging．And it's frightening how much carbon dioxide everything produces．But all of this can help us decide which beer to drink．From Berners-Lee's calculations，it's clear that a pint （568 ml）of locally-brewed （酿制的）beer has a smaller carbon footprint than a bottle of imported beer．This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away，and it uses more packaging．The local beer only produces 300 g of CO2-but the imported beer produces 900 g! So，one pint of local beer is better for the environment than three cans of cheap foreign beer from the supermarket．Berners-Lee has even calculated the carbon footprint of cycling to work．Nothing is more environmentally - friendly than riding a bike，surely？Well，it depends on what you've had to eat before．To ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food．So，if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer and a half，our footprint is 65 g of CO2．However，if we eat bacon before the bike ride，it's 200g．In fact，bananas are good in general because they don't need packaging．They can be transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlight．So，does this mean that cycling is bad for the environment？Absolutely not．If you cycle，you don t use your car；and the fewer cars on the road，the fewer traffic jams．And cars in traffic jams produce three times more CO2 than cars travelling at speed．Cycling also makes you healthy and less likely to go to a hospital．And hospitals have very big carbon footprints! So，maybe it's time for us all to start making some changes．Pass me a banana and a pint of local beer，please．5.Which of the followings produces the smallest carbon footprints？______A. A pint of local beer．B. A bottle of imported beer．C. A banana before a 1.5 km bike ride．D. Bacon before a 1.5 km bike ride．6.According to the article，the author suggests choosing the local food because it is______ ．A. more tastyB. easier to buyC. better packagedD. more energy-saving7.The purpose of writing this article is to ______ ．A. promote a new bookB. advertise the imported beerC. instruct how to measure the carbon footprintD. encourage people to reduce the production of CO2CMost adults firmly believe that as kids reach their teens，they start to take crazy risks that get them in trouble. Do teenagers simply love taking all risks much more than adults? A recent study suggests otherwise.Scientists designed a simple experiment involving 33 teenagers and three other age groups. In the experiment, the researchers tried to distinguish between two very different kinds ofrisk-taking. The first they called a willingness to take known risks (when the probability of winning is clear) and the second they called a willingness to take unknown risks (when the possibility of success is uncertain).The study offered participants the opportunity to play two kinds of games. They had the chance to win money，with one game offering a known risk and the other offering an unknown risk. On each round of the game，each participant had to choose between taking a sure $ 5 and known or unknown risks of winning a lot more. If on one particular round they had picked the $ 5 for sure choice, then they got $ 5. But if on that round they had chosen to take a risk, the rules of the game will determine whether or not they had won. If they did win，they went home with between $8 and $125. And，of course, if they lost, they went home with nothing.What the scientists found was really quite surprising. It turned out that the average teenager was very hesitant when risks were known—more careful than college students or parent-aged adults，and about as careful as grandparent-aged adults. This means that when the risks were known, teenagers were not risky in their behavior at all. Only when the risks were unclear did teenagers choose them more often than other groups. Under those kinds of conditions, they were much more willing to take a risk than any other group.So，what does all of this mean? The research suggests that adults should probably focus more energy on trying to educate teenagers about risks than limiting them. Teenagers who understand the risks associated with a decision are more likely to be careful in their behavior.8.This experiment was carried out by ________.A. dividing the teens into three groupsB. comparing the reactions to different risksC. giving equal amount of awards to the participantsD. observing the emotional changes of the teenagers9.When facing known risks，teenagers tended to be ________.A. ambitiousB. cautiousC. anxiousD. curious10.Which group in the study were more likely to take unknown risks?A. Teenagers.B. College students.C. Parent-aged adults.D. Grandparent-aged adults.11.According to the study，parents should focus on ________.A. guaranteeing children to be careful.B. setting age limits on dangerous activitiesC. respecting teens to make their own choicesD. guiding teens to learn more about the effect of risksDShark attacks not only disturb beach activities，but can affect associated tourist industries．Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches，but they cause dangers to sea ecosystems．Seeking a cost-effective way to monitor beach safety over large areas，we have developed a system called Shark Spotter．It combines artificial intelligence （AI），computing power，and drone （无人机）technology to identify and warn lifesavers to sharks near swimmers．The project is a cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group，which is pioneering the use of drones-called "Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers"-in the search and rescue movement in Australia．SharkSpotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real-time aerial imagery．The system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for sharks，send warnings，and conduct rescues．Developed with techniques known as "deep learning"，the Shark Spotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene．Once certain objects are detected，they are put into one of 16 categories：shark，whale，dolphin，rays，different types of boats，surfers，and swimmers．If a shark is detected，Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator．The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action．In an emergency，the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod （漂浮仓）together with an electronic shark repellent （驱逐装置）that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble，trapped in a rip，or if there are sharks close by．In January 2018，the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head，NSW．The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station，and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone．The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds．We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers．This unique technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches，protecting environments，and promoting tourism．12. A Shark Spotter is ______ ．A. a solution to monitor sharksB. an equipment to identify lifesaversC. a technology to prevent shark attacksD. a project to pioneer the use of drones13.When a shark is spotted near a swimmer，the system will ______ ．A. take timely actionB. analyze the visual dataC. classify the identified objectsD. turn on "deep learning" mode14.The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is ______ ．A. efficient in saving livesB. effective in detecting sharksC. smart in driving sharks awayD. practical over the whole sea area15.What is the author's attitude towards the future of SharkSpotter？______A. Doubtful．B. Optimistic．C. Negative．D. Objective．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Nowadays，WeChat is about expressing our opinions and Weibo is about collecting things we like．Both of them develop our self-focus．Self-focus simply means you pay attention to how you feel，think and behave．Self-focus isn't naturally a bad thing．Particularly in individualistic （个人主义的）cultures，we value our ability to be self-aware．(1) Unfortunately，when you are regularly focusing on yourself，you'll notice any dissatisfaction，anxiety，or general discomfort you might not have otherwise．(2) As a result，self-focus contributes to a wide range of mental health problems like anxiety．But quitting technology is no longer a practical solution．(3) For example，don't post about things you did，which focuses your attention on yourself．Instead，you could share advice and words of support from your smart phone．As a result，you'll feel better，and so will thepeople around you．Do you like to take selfies （自拍）？It's easy to take a quick picture of yourself to show what you re doing，or how you re feeling．But paying attention to ourselves often makes us feel worse．(4) Do your best to highlight （突出）the wonderful things that make them special．In this way，you won't focus so much on your bad hair day，and you will get along better with your friends．(5) But if we can learn to move the focus off ourselves and onto doing good for others，technology can help us grow．Anyway，the point is that it's up to you to handle the ability of your self-focus．A．Too much self-focus means few friends．B．Self-focus is generally helpful in daily life．C．Therefore，try taking pictures of your friends．D．In fact，we can use technology in ways that are less self-focused．E．By bringing your attention to those negative emotions，you strengthen them．F．We want to know who we are and why we do what we do to uncover possible ways to improve our lives．G．Technology-when used in certain ways is having negative effects on our mental health and well-being．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）"Sara，don't forget your promise to me that you will mow （割草）Mrs．Martin's yard this weekend，" said Dad．"Don't let me down．"Sara was the oldest child in the family，and one of her chores was to mow their yard．Mrs．Martin，their (21) neighbor，was unable to take care of her yard in her 70s，so Sara's dad had (22)Sara for this job．(23) Mrs．Martin's yard was not big，Sara knew the job would go quickly．However，she still disliked her dad's (24)．"Why didn't you ask me first？" Sara had(25)．"Did you ask me first when you volunteered me to be in the school festival last fall？" asked Sara's father．"Well，no，I didn't ask you first，(26)you would have done those things anyway．You're always (27) to help．""I (28) when I can．" Dad answered．"Sara，we have known Mrs．Martin for a very long time．She has often(29)our family．Now we can do something for her．(30)，the feeling you get from helping someone makes you(31) who is really helping whom．""I don't know，Dad，" said Sara．"The only feeling I get from mowing our yard is(32)．" "Just you wait and see，" said DadAfter breakfast，Sara made her way to Mrs．Martin's yard．She was good at her job and soon had Mrs．Martins yard looking (33)．Mrs．Martin came outside with a big glass of orangejuice and (34) it to her．Sara stopped her work and (35)enjoyed the drink，while Mrs．Martin talked to her about all of the flowers in her yard．Seeing the(36) in Mrs．Martin's eyes，Sara began to understand how much the yard (37) to Mrs．Martin．After finishing her drink，Sara returned to work with a new (38)．A warm feeling began to (39) through her body．Her dad was (40)．It was hard to tell who was helping whom!21. A. strange B. new C. aged D. faithful22. A. guided B. volunteered C. ordered D. forced23. A. Once B. Since C. Unless D. Although24. A. promise B. argument C. permission D. introduction25. A. replied B. suggested C. complained D. announced26. A. but B. so C. or D. for27. A. proud B. willing C. afraid D. fortunate28. A. choose B. succeed C. hesitate D. try29. A. respected B. changed C. protected D. helped30. A. Besides B. Instead C. Therefore D. Otherwise31. A. imagine B. explore C. worry D. wonder32. A. scared B. moved C. tired D. relaxed33. A. tidy B. alive C. empty D. messy34. A. threw B. delivered C. offered D. sold35. A. eagerly B. generously C. carefully D. gratefully36. A. determination B. peace C. curiosity D. joy37. A. related B. meant C. belonged D. referred38. A. attitude B. wisdom C. inspiration D. expectation39. A. exist B. fly C. spread D. break40. A. unusual B. right C. serious D. helpful四、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共15.0分）41.I have been to many places as a news reporter．In India，I visited a city where there weremany (1) （home）children．Some were as young as four years old．They lived in the streets (2) survived by begging or stealing．But then a wonderful lady (3) （call）Rosa opened a home for them．Within one year，she was looking after two hundredchildren．She clothed them，fed them and taught them．She gave them hope．42.Online shopping (1) （welcome）by most people due to various reasons．For theconsumers，it can save some time for the people (2) don't have much spare time．Just clicking the mouse，they can get what they want (3) staying at home．For the sellers，it can cut some costs for those without enough circulating funds．Compared with the traditional trade mode，they don't have to spend money in (4) （rent）a house．43.Peter worked (1) a night watchman in a small factory．One morning his boss came in witha suitcase．He said to Peter，I'm going to New York tomorrow．See you．Peter said，"Oh，you mustn't go．The factory owner asked him why．Peter answered that he (2) （have）a nightmare the night before．In the dream，he had seen the next day's plane to New York crash over the Atlantic Ocean．Peter's boss (3) （immediate）cancelled his ticket and stayed in the office．The plane crashed；the boss thanked Peter and gave him a big present．Then he fired him．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim对中国文化很感兴趣．他即将过生日，你给他准备了一件礼物并写信给他，内容包括：1．生日祝福；2．礼物介绍；3．选择该礼物的原因．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Jim，Yours，Li Hua45.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你组织戏剧社成员排演《雷雨》参加学校戏剧节的全过程，并以 "Putting Thunderstorm on the School Stage"为题，给校刊"英语角"写一篇英文稿件．词数不少于60．Putting Thunderstorm on the School Stage答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】C【解析】1．A 推理判断题．根据第一段的It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids，这是一个公开的秘密，那是为为捣乱者和不那么聪明的孩子准备的，可推知在这个坐区的不会是那些好学生，排除B项；C项是指班里的秘密而不是指人，因此排除；D项指新来的学生，与troublemaker以及not-so-smart kids 的意义相去甚远，因此A正确．2．C推理判断题．根据第一段的I had always been a good student and had amazing friends，and now everyone thought I was a loser，我一直是个好学生，有着很棒的朋友，现在大家都认为我是个失败者，可知作者收到了不公正的对待，故选C．3．D推理判断题．根据倒数第二段的But what did change was me-I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends，改变的使我，我不再为自己感到难过，我开始去交朋友，可知交朋友改变了当时的局面，故选D．4．C标题概括题．文章讲述了作者搬到新泽西后，在学校里受到了不公正的对待---被安排在失败者的坐区---Section L．一开始作者一直在抱怨，后来老朋友的话让她反思自己的做法．她不再抱怨，去结交朋友，从而改变了局面，不再被看作是个loser．C项即表示告别失败者坐区，又表示告别原来的态度，故选C．文章讲述了作者搬到新泽西后，在学校里受到了不公正的对待---被安排在失败者的坐区---Section L．一开始作者一直在抱怨，后来老朋友的话让她反思自己的做法．她不再抱怨，去结交朋友，从而改变了局面，不再被看作是个loser．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．5.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】D【解析】1．C细节题．根据第三段" The local beer only produces 300 g of CO2-but the imported beer produces 900 g!本地啤酒只生产300克二氧化碳，而进口啤酒生产900克！"再根据第四段" To ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food． So， if we eat a banana and t hen ride a kilometer and a half， our footprint is 65 g of CO2． However， if we eat bacon b efore the bike ride， it's 200g．要骑自行车，我们需要能源，而能源，我们需要食物．所以，如果我们吃香蕉，然后骑一公里半，我们的碳足迹是65克二氧化碳．但是，如果我们在骑车之前吃熏肉，那是200克．"可知骑自行车前吃香蕉产生的二氧化碳最少．故选C．2．D 细节理解．根据第三段" This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away，and it uses more packaging．The local beer only produces 300 g of CO2-but the imported beer produces 900 g! 这是因为进口啤酒是从很远的地方运来的，而且使用了更多的包装．地啤酒只生产300克二氧化碳，而进口啤酒生产900克！"可知本地的东西比进口的少了包装，所以更节省能源．故选D．3．D 主旨大意．通读全文可知文章是号召大家采取行动减少温室气体的排放的．故选D．本文是一篇说明文．文章是号召大家采取行动减少温室气体的排放，以及一些具体的做法．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义8.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】D【解析】1.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

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2020届北京市通州区第二中学高三英语一模试题及答案

2020届北京市通州区第二中学高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADo you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it!Position:Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)Place:ManchesterHours:Part TimeWe are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!Role:You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experience Required:You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.1.The text is meant to_________.A.carry an adB.send an invitationC.present a documentD.leave a note2.The volunteers’ primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities__________.A.to learn new living skillsB.to get some financial supportC.to properly protect themselvesD.to realize their own importance3.Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?A.The one who can drive a car.B.The one who can speak English fluently.C.The one who has relevant work experience.D.The one who has the patience to listen to others.BThe United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) included on December 17, 2020 China's Tai Chi on the RepresentativeList of the Intangible（无形的）Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The decision was announced during the online meeting of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage held from December 14 to19 inKingston, capital ofJamaica.“Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in Central China's Henan province, Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wushu integrated with slow movements and deep breathing, but is also deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and philosophy,”Zhu Xianghua says, who is the son of the famous Tai Chi master Zhu Tiancai.Although it has spread to more than 150 countries and regions, attracting more than 100 million people to practice, the idea that Tai Chi is for the elderly has stopped many young people practicing the ancient Wushu. They think of it as a slow exercise, which is specially made and better suited for their grandparents. Instead, many young people are turning to the Indian practice of yoga（瑜伽）to relieve stress, which was placed on the UNESCO's List in 2019.In order to promote Tai Chi, joint efforts have been made from individuals and the Chinese government in the last decades. Xi'an Jiaotong University requires students to learn Tai Chi. Wang Yunbing, a professor in the university's sports center, stressed that Tai Chi is not only good physical exercise-researchers from the American College of Rheumatology find that it can help manage several diseases but is also conned ted to ancient Chinese eivilization. Since 2014, the World Tai Chi Championships have been held every two years by the International Wushu Federation. It provides a platform for communication and learning between the Tai Chi masters and Tai Chi lovers around the globe. In January 2020, Tai Chi became an official event in the 2026 Dakar Youth Olympic Games.4. What does Zhu Xianghua say about Tai Chi in paragraph 2?A. It originated from fast Kung Fu action.B. It was born around the 1750s in a village.C. It is related to other cultural fields ofChina.D. It integrates Chinese medicine and western philosophy.5. Why do some young people choose to practice yoga instead of Tai Chi?A. They think it easier to practice yoga to keep fit.B. The elderly stop young people practicing Tai Chi.C. They consider Tai Chi is custom-built for old people.D. Yoga was included in the world culture earlier than Tai Chi.6. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?A. To promote contemporary Chinese civilization.B. To show many efforts made to popularize Tai Chi.C. To stress the importance of Chinese Tai Chi masters.D. To advise people to practise Tai Chi to cure diseases.7.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Tai Chi Steps on the UNESCO's List.B. Tai Chi is Competing against Yoga.C. Tai Chi Has Regained populate Globally.D. Opinions Greatly Differ on Tai Chi and Yoga.COver the years, NASA has successfully sent several rovers (飞行器) to Mars. While the science laboratories continue to provide important information on the Red Planet, they keep the space exploration rovers staying closeto the original landing place.To get a more comprehensive (详尽的) view of Mars, the US Space Agency plans to make a small test helicopter with the Mars 2020 Rover, which will be sent off in July 2020.The football-sized “marscopter” weighs about four pounds.It can fly at about ten times the speed of helicopters on Earth. The light weight and fast speed are important for the helicopter to be able to fly in the thin Mars atmosphere, which is about just one percent of that of Earth. “To make it fly in that thin Mars atmosphere, we had to make everything ready, and make it as light as possible while being as strong and powerful as it can possibly be. “Mimi Aung, Mars helicopter project manager, said in a meeting.Upon landing on the Red Planet, the Mars 2020 Rover will find a proper location to send of the helicopter. The helicopter will start with a short climb, no higher than 10 feet, and hover (盘旋) for just 30 seconds before landing back on the Mars surface. If all goes well, five more flights of longer distances, for 90 seconds each, will be conducted over the next 30 days. The short journeys will be recorded by a small camera and sent back to the scientists on Earth.If the plan goes on well, the first helicopter to fly in another world, will open up a whole new way to explore Mars. The Mars helicopter's first flight will be a great invention. For those of us whose research is about flight, thatwould be a wonderful, historic moment.8. To fly in thin Mars atmosphere，we should make the helicopter_______.A. strong and heavyB. heavy and fastC. light and fastD. strong and slow9. How many times will the helicopter fly?A. Three timesB. Four timesC. Five timesD. Six times10. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. It’s interesting to fly in another world.B. I' s important to fly in another world.C. The plan to fly the helicopter goes on well.D. The helicopters first flight is successful.11. What may be the best title for the passage?A. To send a helicopter to Mars in 2020B. To send a rover to Mars in 2020C. To live in the thin Mars atmosphereD. To send back records to scientistsDSleep problems in early childhood may be linked to the development of certain mental health disorders in adolescence, according to a new research.A study of 7,155 children in theUnited Kingdomfound that waking up frequently during the night and irregular sleep routines as babies and toddlers was linked to psychotic experiences in children aged 12 and 13. Also, children who slept for shorter periods at night were more likely to be associated with borderline personality disorder at ages 11 and 12.The research, published in the journalJAMA Psychiatry, was the first time possible links between early childhood sleep problems and adolescent psychotic experiences and borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms have been examined.“We know from previous research that persistent nightmares in children have been associated with both psychosis and borderline personality disorder,” said lead author Isabel at theInstituteofMental Healthat theUniversityofBirmingham.“But nightmares don’t tell the whole story. We’ve found that, in fact, a number of behavioral sleep problems in childhood can point towards these problems in adolescence,” she said.Adolescence, typically defined as the ages between 10 and 19, is a key period in human developmentbecause of brain and hormonal changes, anditis now thought to be when many mental health problems start.Prior research inAustraliafound that babies with persistent severe sleep problems in their first year were at greater risk for anxiety and emotional issues in later childhood. Sleep problems in children and adolescents have been shown to predict the development of various emotional and behavioral problems, including depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, risk-taking and aggression. However, findings have been inconsistent, especially when based on objective measurements of sleep, rather than parental reports.Sleep and mental health are closely connected in adults, with sleep problems increasing the risk for developing particular mental illnesses as well as resulting in mental health issues.12. What can we know from paragraph 3?A. Childhood sleep problems probably cause youth mental health problems.B. Severe sleep problems in childhood lead to emotional issues.C. Persistent nightmares in children are closely related to psychosis.D. The research has not been known to the public.13. What does “it” refer to in paragraph 6?A. Adolescence.B. Key period.C. Human developmentD. Hormonal change.14. According to the Australian research, older children who had long-term serious sleep issues at one year old are more likely to ________.A. grow slowlyB. develop attention-deficit hyperactivity disorderC. do badly in lessonsD. suffer from anxiety15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. A Study About Childhood Sleep Problems Is Under ProgressB. Pay Attention to Children Who Lack SleepC. Childhood Sleep Issues Linked to Adolescent Mental Health ProblemsD. How to Help Children Develop a Good Sleep Habit第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届北京市通州区胡各庄中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020届北京市通州区胡各庄中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABest of British：Outdoor CinemasLuna Beach Cinema, BrightonOn the beaches of Brighton this summer, you can enjoy the lapping of waves as you take inFinding Dory, Moana and Sharknadoover a month-long residency. This spot boasts the highest definition outdoor LED screen in the country. stretching to an impressive 33 feet!Moonlight Flicks, ChesterThe biggest outdoor cinema in the North West of England, Moonlight Flicks will be showing some serious blockbusters（大片）this summer, including A Star Is Born and singalong crowd-pleaser, The Greatest Showman. Cinephiles can gather on the lawn and plug into wireless headphones to ensure perfect sound quality.Rooftop Film Club, LondonEnjoy cult classics and family favorites while looking out on a view of London's skyline with the city's unique Rooftop Film Club. The current programme only runs until June 30 and our top picks include The Breakfast Club, Fargo and a special 65th anniversary showing of Rear Window.Chirk Castle, Wrexham, North WalesThe 11th-century Chirk Castle was first built under the reign o£ Edward I, but now it's the destination for Silly Walk superfans, as they put on screenings of the cult classic, Monty Python and the Holy Grail. Has there ever been a more perfect surrounding to enjoy the comedy capers of King Arthur and his dozy squire?1. What can you enjoy in the biggest outdoor cinema in the North West of England?A.Finding DoryB.A Star Is BornC.The Breakfast ClubD.Monty Python and the Holy Grail.2. Where can you enjoy a special anniversary show?A. Luna Beach Cinema, Brighton.B. Moonlight Flicks, Chester.C. Rooftop Film Club, London.D. Chirk Castle, Wrexham, North Wales3. What's the purpose of writing the text?A. To encourage summer activities.B. To advertise several cult classics.C. To recommend some blockbusters.D. To introduce outdoor cinemas.BThe Great Barrier Reef's outlook remains “very poor” despite coral (珊瑚) recovery over the past year, Australian government scientistssaid Monday, just days before a UNESCO ruling on the site's world heritage (遗产) status.The United Nations cultural agency recommended last month that the world's largest reef (珊瑚礁) system be placed on its endangered list because of damage to the corals largely caused by climate change.The Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) said the corals were now in a “recovery window” after a decade of harmful heat stress and cyclones (旋风). But such opportunities were becoming rarer due to the influence ofclimate change, the government agency, which has monitored the reef for 35 years, said in its annual report released today. “The increasing emergence of climate-related extreme weather events and starfish outbreaks is causing more severe and frequent pressures, giving the reef fewer opportunities like this to recover,”CEO Paul Hardisty said. The scientists surveyed 127 reef sites in 2021 and found hard coral cover had increased at 69 of the 81 locations surveyed in the past two years.Separate scientific research released last October found the 2, 300-kilometre (1, 400 miles) system had lost half its corals since 1995, with a series of ocean heatwaves causing mass coral death.Britta Schaffelke, research program director at AIMS, said the latest findings provided a slight hope that the reef still has the power of recovering. But she added that its future is still very poor because of the dangers of climate change and other factors that are affecting the reef.UNESCO has urged Australia to take urgent climate action but the government has long resisted calls to commit to net zero emissions (排放) by 2050. The government has said it hopes to meet the target “as soon as possible” without harming its economy, insisting dealing with climate change requires a global effort. The reef was worth about US $4. 8 billion a year in tourism for the Australian economy and there are fears that an “in danger” listing could weaken its tourist appeal.4. What is the major cause of the damage to the corals?A. The climate change.B. Lack of money.C. Over development.D. Too many tourists.5. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A. The result of the survey.B. The efforts AIMS has made.C. The slight chance of the recovery.D. The terrible situation of the climate.6. What is Britta Schaffelke's attitude towards the future of the reef?A. Unclear.B. Positive.C Intolerant. D. Anxious.7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Australia wants to put the reef on the endangered list.B. The Australian government has ignored UNESCO's demand.C. Australia hopes to keep a balance between emission target and its economy.D. The Australian government refuses to take its share of responsibility of climate change.CCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.8. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.9. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.10. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.11. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.DWhen Rich Jean wanted to help his daughter, Abigail, learn to read, he took her to the library near their home in Brooklyn, N. Y. That's where they met Hasina Islam, who Jean says arose her interest in reading and the library.“You see what you started? You see that spark that you put in this child?” Jean told Hasina Islam at aStoryCorpsconversation in 2016. At the time, Abigail was 7 and Islam was 27. Their friendship began when Abigail was 3. Through the years, Islam has offered book suggestions that Abigail has read with great enthusiasm. “What's cool is that Hasina has recommended a lot of books that I, at the time, thought might be a little too advanced for you," Jean told Abigail. “Like Charlie and the Chocolate Factory." Abigail said.Islam's own love of the library was sparked when she was in the third grade. She lived near the main branch of the Queens Public Library in New York City, and she went there to research Henry Hudson, an English explorer, for a school project."The librarian made me feel so special. She remembered my name, and my favorite thing was that she gave me book recommendations," she said." When I was graduating from college, I thought about how I was going to make a difference in the world. And I remembered my librarian，and I remembered that feeling that she gave me every single time I went to the library. ”12. When might Abigail and Hasina Islam first meet?A. In 2012.B. In 2016.C. In 2018.D. In 2020.13. What do we know about Charlie and the Chocolate Factory from the text?A. It was Islam's favorite book.B. It might be hard for Abigail.C. It was a best seller at that time.D. It was important for Abigail.14. How did Hasina Islam help Abigail?A. By offering books to her.B. By reading together with her.C. By giving advice on books.D. By introducing great libraries.15. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Islam's special college life.B. Islam's working experiences.C Islam's living conditions. D. Islam's reasons for loving library.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年北京市通州区潞河中学分校高三英语一模试题及答案

2020年北京市通州区潞河中学分校高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The opening ceremony for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games was held at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo on July 23, 2021 after a year of waiting due to the pandemic. Let's take a look at the highlights which make this opening ceremony unique.No spectatorsThere are no spectators during the opening ceremony in an effort to prevent the spread of the coronavirus infections. About 950 people, including officials and journalists, will watch in the main stadium, organizers said. Fewer athletes are expected to attend the ceremony because many are not allowed to stay for the entire Games due to COVID-19 restrictions.Male and female flag-bearersThe International Olympic Committee has actively encouraged all delegations toselect two flag-bearers at the opening ceremony, including one woman, as women's participation in the Tokyo Games reaches 48.8 percent, making it the most gender-balanced Olympics in the history of the event.Oath (宣誓) session updatedOne of the most symbolic parts of the opening ceremony—the Olympic oath—has been significantly adapted in order to “highlight the importance of solidarity, inclusion, non-discrimination and equality”. The number of oath-takers is also extended from three to six—two athletes, two coaches and two judges.Simplified ceremonyIn the 30-second video showing the rehearsal of the opening ceremony released to the public, the performances are integrated with dances, scenery and other display elements used in Japanese traditional festival activities.In order to prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic and manage the cost, the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee said that the performances of the ceremony will be greatly simplified, with more light and shadow technology used instead of real decorations at the scene.1.Why isn't there any spectator during the opening ceremony?A.To limit the number of people present.B.To highlight the spirit of the Olympic Games.C.To control the spread of an infectious disease.D.To make room for the athletes all over the world.2.Why is each delegation encouraged to select one woman as a flag-bearer in Tokyo Olympics?A.Women will be in a leading position in sports.B.Women athletes make up a larger percentage than ever.C.Women will play a more important part in society.D.More and more women will take part in the Olympic Games.3.Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?A.Oath-takers are made up of six athletes.B.Tokyo uses more real decorations to cut the cost.C.About 950 people watch the entire games in the Tokyo Games.D.The opening ceremony presents the traditional culture of Japan.BRecently, I experienced a wonderful lesson in how little things still meana lot. My brother, mother and I live in Hawaii. Our farm is at least a dozen miles from even the most basic of services. Therefore, I take weekly trips to the shop to gel supplies. About a month ago, I finished loading up the car and was about to leave when a piece of paper on the ground caught my eye. I picked it up and read it carefully.Immediately, I was grateful that I had done that___4___It was a receipt (收据) from the State Motor Vehicle Division, recording the owner's payment of her Vehicle's Registration fees. I put myself in his or her shoes and thought: no one would throw this away. I looked over the receipt for any personal data, perhaps a license plate (车牌) or telephone number, but failed. How could I find the owner in the busy, crowded parking lot? Had it been lying there for a few minutes or a week? So I checked the date, the fees paid and the name of the owner, who must live in our town. I decided that the best and easiest step to take was to put the receipt in an envelope and send it to the owner first the next morning.By the end of the week, I received a beautiful “thank you” letter from a woman including a handwritten message and a card. In the letter, the woman explained how the wind took her receipt from a pocket in her car's passenger door. She had searched everywhere for quite some time before giving up.It felt great to know I had helped someone avoid a loss by doing something that seemed little andunimportant.4. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 mean?A. He was lucky to learn the lesson.B. It was a good idea to do shopping that day.C. He was right to pick up the paper.D. It turned out the paper belonged to the writer.5. What information did the writer get from the paper?A The woman's license plate number.B. The woman's phone number.C. The woman's name.D. The woman's address.6. How did the woman lose the receipt?A. She forgot where she had put it.B. A strong wind blew it away.C. It fell onto the floor.D. She left it in the parking lot.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. A Lesson I Will Never ForgetB. Never Lose Heart or Give upC. Little Things Still Mean a LotD. Think Carefully Before You ActCAs artificial intelligence(AI) systems become more advanced, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. AI is designed to imitate(模仿）the human brain in decision making and learning, so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. Providing detailed patient information in quantities is a crucial factor for their success.One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology(流行病学）。

2020届北京育才学校通州分校高三英语一模试题及答案

2020届北京育才学校通州分校高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AKate Humble: Books that changed my lifeKate Humble is a writer and broadcaster specializing in science, wildlife and rural affairs. Together with her husband site runs Humble by Nature, a rural skills education centre on working farm near Monmouth intheWyeValley.Winnie the Poohby A A MilneMy father used to read this to me when I was very young — he used different voices for all the animals. The characterization (角色设定) was so clever; we all know someone just like each inhabitant of the HundredAcre Wood: gloomy Eeyore; thick but loyal Pooh; enthusiastic Tigger.A A Milne was masterful in exploring the way they got along together, opening my eyes to how society really works.Last Chance to Seeby Douglas Adams and Mark CarwardineThis book tells of the authors, adventures as they set out to find the rarest of animals, those on the edge of extinction.Their travels are rather exciting and they share a wonderful humour, which really appealed to me. Yet underpinning (支撑) everything is the realization that we can't just sit back and allow species to disappear. PicturePalaceby Paul TherouxI've always loved Theroux's travel writing, but this novel took my breath away. The words aren't long or complicated but, fromthat first paragraph, his writing grabs you by the nose hairs and drags you along. I had an art teacher who told me, “You're only an artist when you've found your own style, not when you're copying someone else, and Theroux represents this.”1. Why did the author mention the characterization ofWinnie the Pooh?A. To indicate the book has realistic values.B. To show how adorable the characters are.C. To persuade people to learn from the characters.D. To prove the writer is good at creating characters.2. What didLast Chance to Seestrike into Kate's heart?A. Curiosity.B. Responsibility.C. Exploration.D. Devotion.3. Which writer does Kate Humble like for his original writing?A. A A Milne.B. Douglas Adams.C. Mark Carwardine.D. Paul Theroux.BThere are many useful things we can do each day to feel better. It may take some efforts and time to make a habit of drinking 8 glasses of water daily or thinking more positively, but it is well worth it. What things do you do every day to feel better?Probably the healthiest thing you can do to feel better each day is to exercise early in the morning. You don't have to run the whole morning or spend a few hours in the gym. Even doing some easy exercise like walking, sit-ups or jumping the rope will help you feel better in no time!Again, due to our busy schedules, we don't get enough sleep each night. If you have trouble falling asleep, avoid watching TV or surfing the Internet right before bed. Also, try to make healthy bedtime snack choices and don't drink tea or coffee too late in the day.If you drink 3 glasses of water, 4 glasses of coffee or tea and a glass of soda each day and think that you drink enough water, think again. Your body needs water (not coffee or soda!) to function properly. Aiming to drink 7-8 glasses of water each day can make you feel better.Being positive is the key to a longer life. Positive thoughts can help improve your overall heath. Life is full of stressful situations and it's hard to stay cheerful when everything goes wrong, but your positive attitude can help you solve any problem and fight any stress faster and easier. Your positive attitude is especially good for your heart health. Smile, stay positive and live a longer life!4. In the author's opinion which can benefit us most in order that we feel better?A. Sleeping enough.B. Drinking enough water.C. Thinking more positively.D. Taking morning exercise.5. Which of the following agrees with what is said in Paragraph 3?A. Drinking tea or coffee makes us sleep less.B. Drinking tea before bed makes it harder to fall asleep.C. Watching TV or surfing the Internet leads to less sleep.D. Our busy schedules cause more difficulty in falling asleep.6. Why is water necessary to our body?A. Because it can make us feel better.B. Because it can have our body work smoothly.C. Because in can do more good to our body thancoffee.D. Because it can hep avoid feeling thirsty.7. What do we need most when everything goes wrong?A. Thinking positively.B. Thinking out wise ways.C. Having a right attitude.D. Staying cheerful.CNewspapers in Great Britainvarygreatly in their ways of carrying the news. There are serious papers for those who want to know about important happenings everywhere, both at home and abroad. There are popular newspapers for those who prefer entertainment to information.The London newspaper that is best known outside Great Britain is probably the Times. It began in 1785, and has a high reputation for believable news and serious opinions on the news. It calls itself an independent paper, which means that it does not give its support to a particular political party. Its leading articles give the opinions of the editors, not those of the owners of the paper.Letters to the editor are printed in the newspaper. These parts of the Times are always interesting. Most of the letters are serious subjects. But from time to time there will be long letters on the subject which is not at all serious, perhaps on a new fashion of dress, or the bad manners of the young people, compared with manners of thirty years ago.8. If you want to get pleasure, please buy yourself _________.A. a serious newspaperB. foreign newspaperC. any independent paperD. a popular newspaper9. The Times has been famous to outside Great Britain for ________ years.A. 19B. 85C. 236D. 22910. The Times is an independent paper because ________.A. it supports no political partiesB. it is not controlled by the British GovernmentC. it gives special support to all the political parties.D. the editor’s opinions are not examined by the owners of the paper11. The underlined word “vary” in the passage probably means “_________”.A. improveB. compete with each otherC. are differentD. keep in touch with each otherDSalad plants have already been grown in old sheltersand tunnels. Urban farming is a regular topic of interest at places like the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, where leaders consider whether the world's food system, blamed for causing both obesity and malnutrition, can be fixed. There are already plenty of urban farming projects around the world, particularly in the US, Japan and the Netherlands, from urban fish and plant farms to vertical farming.“It's becoming an expanding industry,” said Richard Ballard, one of the founders of the farm Growing Underground. “There're several other businesses starting up in London in containers, and there are other vertical farms around the country now.”Growing Underground is not a standard farm. The rows of crops could be in almost any tunnel, but these plants are 100 feet below Clapham High Street and show that urban agriculture is, in some cases at least, nota fad. The underground farm has occupied a part of the Second World War air-raid shelters for nearly five years, and Ballard is planning to expand into the rest of the space later this year.Growing Underground supplies herb and salad mixes to grocery shops, supermarkets and restaurants. Being in London creates an advantage, Ballard says, as they can harvest and deliver in an hour.He adds other advantages. Being underground means temperatures never go below 15℃surface greenhouses need to be heated. They can do more harvests: 60 crops a year, compared with about seven in a traditional farm. Electricity to power the lights is a major cost, but the company believes renewable energy will become cheaper.Similar British companies include the Jones Food Company in Lincolnshire, while in the US AeroFarms has several projects in New Jersey, and Edenworks in Brooklyn.12. What do we know about urban farming?A. It leads to a healthier lifestyle.B. It is rarely discussed at the WEF.C. Different farming methods are used.D. Local governments pay efforts to develop it.13. Which of the following best explains "a fad" underlined in Paragraph 3?A. A dream that's easy to realize.B. A field controlled for a long time.C. An approach to a serious problem.D. A fashion that’s popular for a short time.14. What can we learn about the underground farm?A. It is more productive than a traditional farm.B. It provides food directly to the customers.C. Its major products are herbs and salads.D. It uses less energy than a greenhouse.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Current food system causes health problemsB. Growing Underground attracts more peopleC. Traditional farming will be replaced soonD. Urban farming isstill thought costly and time-consuming第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年北京市通州区潞河中学分校高三英语一模试卷及答案

2020年北京市通州区潞河中学分校高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenB“Snowplow(扫雪机) parenting” is the newest parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, calling their college kids to wake them up so that they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.“‘Helicopter (直升机) parenting’ means monitoring their kids’ every activity,which is out of date.” Claire Cain Miller and Jonah Engel Bromwich wrote in The New York Times. “Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: clearing any problems in their children’s path to success so that they don’t have to meet failure or lose opportunities.”There is a mother who started a charity in her son’s name to try to raise his chances of being accepted to the college. Another parents spent years helping their daughter avoid foods with sauce, which she didn’t like. Once she got to college, she had problems with the food in her school because it was all covered in sauce.A survey says that three-quarters of parents of children between the ages of 18 and 28 ask for doctor visits or haircuts for their children, and 11% say they would call their kids’ bosses whether their children are having an issue at work.As reported, wealthy parents try to get their children into top colleges by giving a large amount of money to a school, such as paying for a building. This parenting has become the most popular way to raise children, whatever the income, education, or race is.Julie, a teacher at Stanford, told the Times that “snowplow parenting” is not a reasonable approach. “The parents should prepare the kid for the road, instead of preparing the road for the kid,” she said.4. How does Julie like “snowplow parenting”?A. It is unreasonable.B. It is advanced.C. It is accepted by teachers.D. It is refused by rich people.5. What is the character of “helicopter parenting”?A. Parents make kids popular.B. Parents provide little money for kids.C. Parents ask kids to care for themselves.D. Parents watch over kids’ every activity.6. What should parents do according to Julie?A. Do as wealthy parents do.B. Make kids be prepared.C. Make roads be prepared.D. Do as little as possible.7. What’s the best title for the text?A. Helicopter Parenting.B. The Similarity in Parenting.C. A Research on Parenting.D. A New Kind of Parenting.C14 days. That’s the time Chinese scientists took to identify the full genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus (新冠病毒) since its outbreak. It was shared with the WHO immediately, and has now become an important foundation for global researchers in the fight against the COVID-19. But first, let us turn the clock back 17 years, when it took months to identify the SARS virus. From months to 14 days, what changed? It turns out AI played an important part.The scientists first obtained bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (支气管扩张灌洗液) samples from patients, isolated (分离) the DNA and RNA, then sequenced the genetic material by comparing them. AI’s advantage is its ability to recognize patterns among a flood of data.Let me put it in a simple way. Sequencing the coronavirus genome (基因组) is similarto looking for a needle in a haystack (干草堆)---looking for genotypes (基因型) with specific characteristics from a huge gene pool. That’s where search algorithm (算法), a branch of modern AI, comes in. Think of it as an efficient search engine, which can find the needle in the haystack. This search algorithm can shorten months-long genetic sequencing to weeks or even just a few days. Combined with macro-genomic sequencing and a virus library, this AI technology can also be used in tracking virus mutation (突变).AI doesn’t just support scientists. It can also help patients by improving the efficiency of diagnosis (诊断).Chinalaunched a Genomics Service, which can run multiple virus gene comparisons and produce a detailed report within 60 seconds. This algorithm hasbeen put into use inChinaand shared to the world for free.8. AI’s advantage is that it can ________.A. slow down the spread of coronavirusB. separate DNA from RNAC.identify specific genotypes rapidlyD. obtain samples from patients quickly9. The search algorithm helps shorten the time of genetic sequencing by __________.A. finding a needle in a haystackB. serving as a search engineC. combining with a virus libraryD. tracing virus mutation10. What do we know about the Genomics Service in the last paragraph?A. It has been widely used in the world.B. It is mainly based on blood test.C. It is for fast diagnosis of COVID-19.D. It is used to track COVID-19 patients.11. What’s the best title of the passage?A. 14 Days---ChinaMade it!B. AI Assists in COVID-19 FightC. Search Algorithm, Best ChoiceD. China’s Genomics ServiceDTwenty years ago, I became involved in pet therapy(疗法) work with our Angel. As she matured and went through professional training, we realized that she would be good at this new job.Angel is ten now and works every week. She visits two hospitals providing day care for the elderly, and our library’s PAWS forReadingprogram. At the library, six to ten dogs lie on the floor, and the kids pick a book to read to a dog. After they finish, they get a card with the dog’s picture and history. Angel also helps out at a special-needs camp. She is so popular that everywhere we go people recognize her, especially the kids she has worked with.We have seen some very special things through our pet therapy work. I brought Angel to our local hospital to visit a woman who was completely unable to move the right side of her body from a stroke(中风). One day, my husband, Jack, got Angel up into a chair next to the woman’s bed, asking her if she wanted to give Angel a treat. She nodded. Angel gently took the treat. Then the woman raised her right hand and started petting Angel. Her friend couldn’t believe her eyes.After that, every time we saw the woman, she lifted her left hand. We’d tell her she had to use her right hand, and she would. Next, you’ll fall in love with this woman’s story of rearing her own Angel later in her family and why she calls it the best decision she ever made.12. Who is Angel?A. A pet trainer.B. A hospitalC. A therapy dog.D. The author’s kid.13. What does Angel usually do?A. Save seriously ill people.B. Pay visits to kids in hospital.C. Protect the elderly in their homes.D. Help children at a special camp.14. Why was the woman’s friend astonished?A The woman moved her right hand.B. The woman treated Angel.C. Angel helped the woman recover.D. Angel got along with the woman.15. What does the underlined word “rearing” in the last paragraph mean?A. Accompanying.B. Raising.C. Assisting.D. Training.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年北京市通州区潞河中学分校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

2020年北京市通州区潞河中学分校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio, you may stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks (使.....萎缩)the brain? research suggests.A study found that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said, " Using mobile phones, laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains."Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span, depression , anxiety and lower grades at school.The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingu-late cortex (ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.Other studies have shown that training—such as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers' learning the map of London―can increase grey matter densities (密度)in certain parts.Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory. Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14 % of 18 to 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.Multitasking may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.1. The underlined word " simultaneously" in Paragraph 2 means "________，"A. on one's ownB. at no timeC. at the same timeD. by accident2. All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT________ .A. saving timeB. a shortened attention spanC. lower grades at schoolD. depression and anxiety3. Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage?A. Media multitasking is becoming more popularB. Multitasking shrinks the brainC. Multitasking may shorten attention spanD. People are worried about their memories.BFaming is a tradition among many in South Dakota, one that is not always easy to keep in the family. But one family has survived four generations and hopes to continue long into the future. The year was 1933 when Ed VanderWal's father first stepped onto the farm. Now 80 years later, Ed carries the passion(热情) his father gave him for farming every daywhile working the fields on the family farm in Volga.“Well, I was in the first grade when my dad moved here to this farm and I grew up on the farm. And that's what I was interested in doing more,” Ed said. But that love of working the land didn't stop with Ed. He's passed it down to his six sons. Some of them run farms of their own now, but two of them, Scott and David, still work side by side with their dad every day.Some people might worry that working sun up to sun down with family seven days a week would lead to a few family spats(争吵). But for the VanderWals, the constant time together works just fine.“When families work together on a farm, it's a challenge at times getting along. Everyone has to pull their weight and do their share. And that, of course, transfers from one generation to the next,” Scott said.And while they all get along like any family, with good days and bad, it's tradition that keeps each generation teaching the next.“But we taught them to work with animals at a young age, like most farmers do. So it's nice to be able to pass that tradition onto the next generation,” Scott said.The youngest generation of the VanderWals, Ed's three grandsons and a granddaughter, all started learning farming techniques at a young age.4. Why did Ed VanderWal devote himself to the farm?A. Because he grew up on the farm.B. Because he was affected by his father.C Because he could do nothing but work on the farm.D. Because he wanted to set a good example for his sons.5. What can we know from Paragraph 2?A. Managing a farm is a real challenge.B. Ed has divided his farms into six parts.C. Ed taught his sons how to work on farms.D. Scott and David own their own farms now.6. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The VariderWals have strict family rules.B. Ed's tradition has great effect on the local.C. Ed's grandchildren will drop out of school.D. Ed's farms have no lack of successors (继承者).7. What's the best title of the passage?A. A Faming Family.B. A Successful Farmer.C. The Agricultural 'Tradition.D. The Agricultural Generation.CKenyan mother Beth Mwende heard her sleeping child cry out, but did not worry after the three-year-old quickly quietened down. The next morning, however, she found her daughter, Mercy, nearly unconscious with two bite marks in the neck. “I didn’t know that it was a snake,” Mwende said.Although snakebites are common in her hometown, antivenom medication is difficult to get. Mwende lives about 160 kilometers east of Nairobi, Kenya’s capital. So she took her daughter to a traditional healer. He placed stones over the bites. Mercy died within hours. She was one of about 700 Kenyans killed by snakebites each year, notes a report in the scientific publicationToxicon.The Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Center (KSRIC) is working to change that. The KSRIC hopes to have East Africa’s first antivenom medication on the market within five years. It estimates the cost will be about 30 percent of an imported product, which often sells for about US $ 30.More than 70, 000 people are bitten in East Africa each year. Climate change and deforestation are worsening the problem as snakes get pushed out of natural surroundings into populated areas.Nearly 100 snakes live at the research center in a forest near Nairobi. Researchers take venom from snakes and study it before injecting small amounts into other animals, such as sheep. The animals then create antibodies that can be made into antivenom.“Up to now, no one has made any kind of antivenom in Kenya,’’ said Geoffrey Maranga Kepha, a senior snake handler.Two effective antivenoms are available in Kenya, from India and Mexico, the center says.The center is teaching communities that using antivenom immediately after receiving a snakebite can save lives, said head researcher George Adinoh.“After seeing how people died in Kenya from snakebites I decided to devote my life to coming up with a rescue measure that will help or prevent people from dying from snakebites,” snake handler Kepha added.8. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?A. By telling a story.B. By listing figures.C. By referririg to documents.D. By making a comparison.9. Why did Mwende take her daughter to a traditional healer?A. She couldn’t afford any modern treatment.B. She lived where antivenom medication is not available.C. The traditional way is very effective to treat snakebites.D. She believed a traditional healer could cure her daughter.10. What is causing more snakebites to happen in East Africa?A. Lack of antivenom medication.B. Environmental damage and climate change.C. People’s low awareness of the danger of snakes.D. People’s pursuit of traditional cures for snakebites.11. What do we know about antivenom in Kenya from the text?A. Itis taken from antibodies of sheep.B. There is only one effective antivenom available.C. KSRIC is trying to develop a local antivenom now.D. People refuse to use antivenom after being bitten by snakes.DWatching what you eat can be easier said than done, but a recent study shows it might not just be about what'son your plate — it could be about how quickly it disappears.Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adultsfor five years, splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate: slow, normal, and fast. They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study, sharing their diet, physical activity, and medical history. In the beginning, none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome (新陈代谢综合征) - meaning at least three risk factors — which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes.When the participants reported back five years later 84 had been diagnosed (诊断) with metabolic syndrome — and their eating speed was a major predictor, according to the results in the journal Circulation. The fast eaters were 89 percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters. Just 2.3 percent of slow eaters received the diagnosis, compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters. But that's not all. Fast eaters also saw more weight gain, larger waistlines, and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters.The researchers saygobblingmakes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signal you to stop. “So when people eat fast they are more likely to overeat,” said Takayuki Yamaji, MD, study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.Previous research backs up the weight benefits of slow eating, too. One study of New Zealand women found fast eaters have higher body-mass indexes (指数), and a Chinese study found that both healthy and fat men ate less when told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing. Initial research even suggests chewing your food longer could bum more calories - up to about 1,000 extra every month.12. What are the participants divided by?A. Medical history.B. Health condition.C. Physical activity.D. Eating speed.13. Which may be the result of the study?A. Fast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome.B. Normal and slow eaters don’t have metabolic illness.C. 89% of fast eaters have higher blood pressure.D. Slow caters are healthier than fast eaters.14. What does the underlined word “gobbling” in Paragraph 4 best mean?A. Tasting slowly.B. Digesting quickly.C. Eating greedily.D. Cooking carefully.15. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. The importance of eating speed.B. The advantage of eating slowly.C. The result of a Chinese study.D. Fast eating and overeating.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年北京市通州区胡各庄中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020年北京市通州区胡各庄中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Internet has revolutionized our lives to such an extent (程度) that for most people, the global network has become more than just a tool but rather an important aid in everyday life. More and more people go online as wireless networks have brought the Internet closer and closer: it’s on our mobile phones, in our cars and TV sets, in hospital surgery rooms and in fishing boats that battle the waves of the Atlantic.And this revolution has brought along with it a new way of shopping. Both big and small, e-business websites have flooded the Internet by the hundreds of thousands. Anything you can buy from a brick and mortar store (实体店) you can also buy online: from food and clothes to toys, no matter what you’re looking for, you’re bound to find the right online store with just a few clicks of the mouse. You can use the Internet to find new suppliers, post buying requests or search for products and services.This revolution has affected brick and mortar business owners greatly. And what was their reaction? They’ve opened online stores to go hand in hand with their conventional business.But do the big players have reasons to be afraid? Are we going to start seeing ghostly, deserted Walmarts (沃尔玛) across the country? Probably not in the near future but the day will come when most people will just stop shopping offline anymore. A trip to Walmart wastes time, burns gas.The recent advancements in mobile technology and the introduction of mobile phones with enhanced (提高的) web capabilities have even made some people order their groceries when they get out from work and have them delivered at their doorstep by the time they get home. And as “Time is money”, this practice is lifesaving for people whowork two jobs.Technology will continue to advance and e-business will follow closely in its footsteps. Everything will become easier and less time consuming, leaving us more time to enjoy the things that really matter in life: the ones we love, our friends and hobbies.1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The popularity of mobile phones.B. The great influence of the Internet.C. The importance of the Internet.D. The function of the global network.2. In response to the threat of online business, the brick-and-mortar store owners________.A. have stopped their traditional businessB. have started their dislike of the InternetC. have established their own websiteD. have opened their online stores3. What would be the best title for the passage?A. A New Way of Shopping.B. The Internet Revolution.C. What is the Reaction to Online Shopping?D. Is Online Shopping the Future of E-business?BThere is nothing ordinary about this little boy's adorable experience with his musical heroes.5-year-old Taylor Hooper was just one of the 35,0000people who were attending the Foo Fighters concert in Belfast, Norther Ireland last week. Not only is the American rock group his favorite band, it was also his first ever concert.Taylor's mother, Nikki Hooper, says that she and her husband have always been huge fans of the Foo Fighters. In addition to traveling far and wide to see their shows, they even named their son after the drummer, Taylor Hawkins. So when the band played in their home city, they decided it was finally time for their son to see their beloved rock and rockers in concert.“He's been listening to them since he was born — mainly because his dad and I are super fans.” Mrs Hooper told BBC. “We called the event organizers and they said it would be no problem, but that we should know it would be a loud music event, so we gotTaylorsome special headphones. When we got there everyone was so welcoming to him.”Throughout the show, the audience continuously madeTaylorand his parents move closer to the stage. Furthermore, Mrs. Hooper helped her son stand out from the crowd by making him a sign that said he was a 5-year-old attending his first concert.When Foo Fighters front man Dave Grohl finally saw the sign and read it aloud into the microphone, the crowd began chanting for them to bring the youngster onto the stage. That's exactly what he did. When the stage managers brought the boy to the stage, Grohl asked Taylor to show the crowd how to dance．The small boy then danced to the whole song, making him an “Inter net wonder”.Taylordidn't just walk awayfrom the show with memories, either;the band also invited him backstage to give him a number of gifts, includinga pair of Taylor Hawkins's drumsticks.4. What is Foo Fighters in the passage?A. I's a music show.B. It's a music band.C. It's a pop song.D. It's a music fan.5. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that_______．A. the organizers refused to let the child watch the showB. there was nothing wrong for the child to watch the showC. the organizers suggested the kid take care of the loud noiseD. the child felt so scared that he didn't want to go to the stage6. How did 5-year-old Taylor Hooper cause people's attention?A. By shouting loudly.B. By running to the singers.C. By holding a sign showing his age.D. By dancing to the whole song.7. How didTaylorfeel about his first ever concert?A. Worried.B. Scared.C. Sorry.D. Pleased.CAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thingthat can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.8. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.9. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.10. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.11. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space TravelDA satellite is about to demonstrate a new way of capturing space junk with magnets for the first time. With the frequency of space launches dramatically increasing in recent years, the potential for a disastrous collision above Earth is continually growing. Now, Japanese orbital clean-up company Astroscale is testing a potential solution.The firm's End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration mission is scheduled to lift off on 20 March aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. It consists of two spacecraft: a smal “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser todock withit.The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. The first test will be the simplest, with the client satellite drifting a short distance away and then being recaptured. In the second test, the servicer satellite will set the client satellite tumbling before catching up with it and matching its motion to grab it.Finally, if those two tests go well, the chaser will live up to its name by letting the client satellite float a few hundred metres away before finding it and attaching to it. All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion.“These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before in space - they are very different to, say, an astronaut controlling a robotic arm on the International Space Station,” says Jason Forshaw at AstroscaleUK.“This is more of an autonomous mission.” At the end of the tests, both spacecraft will burn up in Earth's atmosphere.If companies wanted to use this capability, they would have to attach a magnetic plate to their satellites so they could be captured later. Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. Right now, each chaser can only nab one satellite, but Astroscale is working on a version that could drag three or four out of orbit at once.12. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "dock with" in Paragraph 2?A. Deal with.B. Keep up with.C. Join together.D. Crash.13. Why many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites?A. Because of the growing space waste problem.B. Because the frequency of space launches are dramatically increasing.C. Because they can earn large profits from it.D. Because Astroscale has found a new method of capturing the space garbage.14. What will Astroscale do to solve the space junk problem?A. An astronaut controls a robotic arm on the International Space to capture the “client” satellite.B. Through a magnetic plate remotely controlled by humans on the ground to catch the “client” satellite.C. Finding the "client "satellite and attaching to it with a magnetic plate automatically.D. Tumbling to match the motion of “client satellite the drag three or four satellites out of its orbit into atmosphere.15. What can we infer from the passage?A. People will bum the space junk up in Earth's atmosphere in the future.B. Japan andRussiawill conduct space debris cleanup experiment together.C. These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before.D. The demonstration mission will be divided into three phases.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届通州区第三中学高三英语一模试卷及答案

2020届通州区第三中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBThe British poet Matthew Byrne moved to Beijing in 2013 and felt that the capital city's poetry scene was lacking．His obsession（痴迷）for starting poetryevents led to the foundation of the Spittoon Collective in May 2015．“At that time，the literary activity in Beijing was The Bookworm based in Sanlitun，”Byrne says．While some of Beijing's literary institutions would go on to close in the fall of 2019，Spittoon would continue to grow as a community for poets and writers，as well as musicians and others in the creative scene．Byrne describes the Spittoon Collective as a platform for people to share ideas，from literary works to different forms of art，with projects developing from the creative energy within the community．Spittoon originally started as a poetry night at the Mado Bar in Dongcheng District 's Baochao Hutong．Byrne says，“In Beijing，you have these wonderful hutongs，ancient structures where you can walk down and visit cool bars，so I thought it would be good to have a poetry event as it seemed like poetry belonged naturally to this area．”He adds，“The objective now is to discover Chinese voices and broadcast them to the rest of the world．We create a kindof theme park-like atmosphere where every Thursday is occupied by a different literary style or art form．”The readings would mainly be in English，but with an international community，a new section called“Poetry-in-Translation”was started，which featured works in Chinese，French，Arabic，Russian，Spanish and other languages．Joining organized activities like Spittoon can be a major help for those caught up in a boring life．And it's especially important for the people who have moved to China as they need to buildnew relationships while living in a different country．4. What can we know about the Spittoon Collective?A. It was closed in 2019．B. It was set up in 2013 in Beijing．C. It's popular with literature lovers．D. It's a community just for foreigners．5. Why did Byrne start the Spittoon Collective in Baochao Hutong?A. To attract students' love of poetry．B. To expandChina's literature globally．C. To makeBeijing's hutongs famous．D. To combine poetry with the hutong．6. What effect would the Spittoon Collective have on Chinese culture?A. Beneficial．B. Negative．C. Challenging．D. Controversial．7. What is the author's attitude to the Spittoon Collective?A. Unclear．B. Intolerant．C. Doubtful．D. Favorable．CHave you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital’s ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest s, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy’s research was very naturalistic. “We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees’ outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn’t benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it’s safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.8. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.C. Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math’s class.9. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study?A. Sharing food.B. Making a choice.C. Comforting others.D. Showing sympathy.10. How is DeTroy’s study different from the previous ones?A. It was based on controlled lab experiment.B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.11. What can we learn from DeTroy’s quotes?A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.DSome of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods ofdrought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.12. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?A. Weather patterns.B. Salt crystals.C. Wet conditions.D. Drought Periods.13. Which of the following may researchers agree with?A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.14. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?A. Worried.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Positive.15. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

北京市通州区2020届高三英语一模考试(5月)试题(含解析)

北京市通州区2020届高三英语一模考试（5月）试题（含解析）本试卷共10页，共120分。

考试时间100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

I’ll always remember the woman who gave me tissues while I was crying on the train. I ____1____ (try) so hard to calm down when she handed me the tissues. She said, “We’ve all been there, crying on the train.” As she was getting off, she added, “Whatever’s wrong, it will get ____2____ (good). That doesn’t mean anything right now, but it really will.” She was just a regular business-casual lady, but she was a hero to me. Also! She inspired me ____3____ (carry) a little pack of tissues in case I see someone crying.【答案】1. tried/was trying2. better3. to carry【解析】本文为记叙文。

作者在火车上哭泣时，有位女士递给作者一张纸巾并安慰一切都会好起来。

她还鼓励作者随身携带一小包纸巾，以防看到有人哭。

2020年通州区第三中学高三英语一模试卷及答案

2020年通州区第三中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AObesity (肥胖症) is becoming a problem in our busy society, and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.Obesity means being very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much bodyfat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better. This is known as comfort eating.Age is another factor, as you tend (趋于) to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat less, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that ____.A. obesity does not do harm to health.B. there are more obese children than before.C. all the American children are obese.D. there are less obese children in the USA.2. According to the passage, there are ____ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six3. What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?A. How to avoid obesity.B. How to live in the busy USA.C. What illnesses are caused by obesity.D. How doctors treat heart problems.BPoaching and habitat loss have threatened Africa's two species of elephants, taking them closer toward the edge of disappearance, according to a new report released by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN).Before this update, Africa's elephants were grouped together and were evaluated as vulnerable by the IUCN. This is the first time the two species have been sorted separately. In the past, elephants were mostly considered as either Asian elephants or African elephants. Forest and savanna elephants were typically classified as subspecies of African elephants.The African forest elephant is now listed as critically endangered and the African savanna elephant as endangered. The number of African forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a 31 -year assessment period. The population of African savanna elephants dropped by at least 60% over the last 50 years, according to the IUCN, which tracks the assessment risk of the world's animals. Africa currently has an estimated 415,000 elephants, counting the two species together.Both elephant species experienced significant population decreases because of poaching. Although it peaked in 2011, illegal hunting still happens and continues to threaten elephant populations. African elephants also face continued habitat loss as their land isconvertedfor agriculture or other uses.There is some good conservation news, the IUCN points out. Anti-poaching measures, combined with better land use planning to support better human-wildlife relationships, have helped conservation efforts. Some forest elephant population figures have stabilized in well-managed areas in Gabon and the Republic of Congo and savanna population figures have remained stable or have been growing, particularly in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area in southern Africa.But with constant demand for ivory and increasing human pressures on Africa's wild lands, concern for Africa's elephants is high, and the need to creatively conserve and wisely manage these animals and their habitats is more severe than ever.4. What can be inferred from the new report about African elephants?A. They are divided into three kinds.B. They are dying out.C. Their threat is mainly from poaching.D. Their population has grown in Africa.5. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 3?A. The detailed number of African elephants.B. The similarities of African elephants.C. The different types of African elephants.D. The present situation of African elephants.6. What does the underlined word "converted" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Expanded.B. Protected.C. Transformed.D. Forbidden.7. What's the authors attitude to the present situation of African elephants?A. Hopeless.B. Optimistic.C. Uncertain.D. Worried.CPlease take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you’re going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn’t it feel good to say it out loud? Don’t you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you’d actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges(认可) it, psychologists have found it’s called a “social reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it’s already done. And then, because you’ve felt that satisfaction, you’re less motivated to do the actual hard work necessary. This goes againstthe traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a Professor of Psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment(许诺) to this goal to the room, and half didn’t. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Now those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.8. What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Completion of the goal.B. Necessary hard work.C. People's acknowledgement.D. A sense of satisfaction.9. What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?A. Writing down the goal is very helpful.B. Achieving personal goal needs more time.C. Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.D. Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.10. How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people’s goal?A. By giving figures.B. By giving examples.C. By making a survey.D. By making comparison tests.11. What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?A. You will be more confident.B. You will not gain satisfaction.C. You are less likely to realize it.D. You’ll be much moremotivated.DEarthquake can disrupt whales’ hunting for food for up to a year,according to a new study.On November 14, 2016, the Kaikoura earthquake struck New Zealand’s South Island, causing a destructive tsunami. Under the surface, the earthquake caused strong currents that swept away and mostly killed off diverse ecosystems of creatures living along the Kaikoura underwater canyon.As a result, whales had to dive deeper and longer to find food—“a major shift” in their behavior, says co-author Liz Slooten, a marine biologist at the University of Otago in New Zealand.The impact earthquakes have on land animals has been well documented, but scientists know ly little about what happens underwater. Such research is important for government agencies, which may need to take recent earthquakes into consideration when considering fishing quotas（限额）, notes Rochelle Constantine, a marine mammal ecologist at the University of Auckland.The canyon’s upper reaches are rich in creatures, supplying food for the fish that make up the whales’ diet. So when these smaller life forms were washed away, it had “severe consequences for the community around there”, says study co-author Will Rayment. “That effect flowed all the way through the food chain.”As part of their ongoing study, the scientists were tracking 42 individual whales. After the earthquake, in all, the team managed to record data on 40 whales, showing that the abundance of whales in the general area didn’t change after the earthquake. However, the whales changed how they used their habitat.A year after the earthquake, the researchers observed the whales returning to their previous surface-breathing intervals. This could have been because the communities of animals that make up the whales’ food began to recover. “It gives you an idea of how resilient（有复原力的）these deep-sea communities are,” says Rayment.But he and his colleagues will continue long-term monitoring to see if there are effects they missed. Whale activity in the area had already been declining, though it’s unknown whether it is due to natural changes in food abundance, whale-watching tourism, fishing, or warming ocean temperatures. “There is something going on in Kaikoura,” says Rayment.12. What happened after the Kaikoura earthquake in the Kaikoura canyon?A. Several destructive tsunamis struck the area.B. Whales had to swim to other oceans to find food.C. Nearly all marine creatures in Kaikoura were killed off.D. Strong currents washed away many smaller creatures.13. Which is one of the findings of the study?A. Earthquakes can make it easier for whales to find food.B. The whales changed their habitat after the earthquake.C. It usually takes whales a year to adapt to their new diet.D. The number of whales in the area dropped sharply after the quake.14. What does Rochelle Constantine think of the study?A. It can help government agencies to make some decisions about fishing.B. It can help government agencies to solve problems in the fishing industry.C. It is a breakthrough in research on what happens underwater after an earthquake.D. It offers a detailed description of the impact earthquake have on marine mammals.15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Something is affecting the whale activity in Kaikoura.B. Fishing quotas have been increasing in recent years.C. The team missed some effects in the research process.D. The scientists will continue studying earthquakes.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

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