英语习语翻译
习语的翻译
习语的翻译英汉习语的异同习语有广义和狭义之分，从狭义上讲，英语习语指的是那种字面意义不同于实际意义的词组成的句子。
如：I’m all ears. 不能按字面意思理解为“我浑身是耳朵。
”其真正意思相当于“我洗耳恭听。
”广义的英语习语包括短语或固定词组、谚语、成语、俚语、俗语、警句、格言、各种惯用法等等。
如：A a bread and butter letter (表扬信) 短语B．knit one’s brow (皱眉头) 固定用法C．burn the boat (破釜沉舟) 成语D．out of sight, out of mind （眼不见，习不想）谚语E．”Old bastard, poking your nose onto things that don’t concern you! Who wants your opinion?”“老混蛋，你吃的河水，倒管得宽。
这是你说话的地方？”（俗语）G．To hell with you! 见鬼去吧！（俚语）二、汉英习语的共同特征：A．习语是一个民族语言中最为精彩的一章。
B．它们都是相对稳定的词语搭配C．它们都受各自文化的影响。
三、英汉习语的差异性A．存在文化意象上的差异。
B．习语常常有字面意义和实际意义两种C．汉英习语在使用上有一定的差异性。
D．英汉习语的界定不同。
四、英语习语的识别与理解A．英语中的许多习语是对社会活动与生活现象的高度概括和提炼，简炼深刻，意义隽永，闪烁着智慧的光芒，一般属于警句、谚语、格言一类，比较容易识别。
Necessity is the mother of invention.It takes two to make a quarrel.A rolling stone gathers no moss. Etc.B.许多狭义的英语习语也比较容易识别，这种习语一般分为三类。
（1）英语表达的内容与现实生活相矛盾，或是荒唐，或不能发生。
汉语习语翻译英文
“知人知面不知心”•“You can know a man’s face but not his heart.”杨宪益•“Appearances certainly are deceptive!” Howks霍克斯•水中捞月•to catch the moon in the water /to make an impractical attempt•fish in the air;•cry for the moon;•plough the sands;• a wild goose chase•胸有成竹•直译：Before an artist can draw a bamboo, he must have the image in his mind •意译：to have a well-thought-out plan before doing sth.•意义相等的英语成语：to have a card up one’s sleeve剖腹藏珠Penny wise and pound foolish声东击西To shout in the east and strike in the west刻骨铭心To be engraved on one’s heart and bones眉飞色舞to beam with joy粗枝大叶To be crude and careless无孔不入To take advantage of every weakness竭泽而渔Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs打草惊蛇Wake a sleeping dog井底之蛙To be like a frog at the bottom of a well调虎离山To lure the tiger from the mountain口蜜腹剑To be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted纸醉金迷(a life of) luxury and dissipation开门见山To come straight to the point单枪匹马To be single-handed in doing sth大张旗鼓On a large and spectacular scale海阔天空(to talk) at random易如反掌As easy as falling off a log玩火自焚Try in one’s own grease挥金如土To spend money like water掌上明珠The apple of one’s eye对牛弹琴Cast pearls before swine守口如瓶Keep a still tongue in one’s head雪中送炭Help a lame dog over a title画蛇添足Paint the lily小题大做Make a mountain out of a molehill赴汤蹈火Go through fire and water洗心革面Turn over a new leaf七上八下At sixes and sevens横行霸道Throw one’s weight about大发雷霆Blow one’s top过河拆桥Kick down the ladder•左右为难Between the devil and the deep sea•进退维谷Stick in the mud•骑虎难下Between the horns of a dilemma•左支右绌Between two fires•不上不下In a fix dilemma/ quandary/ predicament•无所适从Hold a wolf by the ears莫衷一是• 1. An Apple of Discord 争斗之源；祸根• 2. the Heel of Achilles / the Achilles' Heel唯一弱点；薄弱环节；要害• 3. Helen of Troy• 4.The Trojan Horse木马计；暗藏的危险；奸细• 5.Greek Gift(s) 阴谋害人的礼物；黄鼠狼拜年，不安好心• 6. Win/Gain Laurels获得荣誉;赢得声望•7. Under the Rose秘密地; 私下得; 暗中•8.Adam's Apple喉结孟母三迁moving one’s home for the desired environment for the education of one’s children •邯郸学步to imitate awkwardly•班女之才talented•百步穿杨extremely good at shooting•伯乐相马as capable as Bo Le in discovering talents•东施效颦imitate awkwardly•负荆请罪making an active apology•惊弓之鸟a deadly frightened person•劳燕分飞be separated•杞人忧天groundless worry•绕梁三日(of a song) so excellent as to let the audience feel it lingering for a long time •塞翁失马a loss may turn out to be a blessing•相濡以沫to help each other in the time of need;•(of an aging couple or a couple in general) to help each other in their remaining life or life in general•一饭千金to cherish others’ kindness at heart and repay it•初生牛犊不怕虎•New-born calves make little of tigers•Young people are fearless•明枪易躲，暗箭难防It is easy to dodge a spear in the open, but hard to guard against an arrow shot from hiding.•城门失火，殃及池鱼A fire on the city wall brings disaster to the fish in the moat.•路遥知马力，日久见人心。
汉译英 习语翻译
Features of Idioms
5、习语常利用声音的和谐来达到易懂易记、顺口入耳、生动有力的目的。 习语常利用声音的和谐来达到易懂易记、顺口入耳、生动有力的目的。 利用韵脚：狗咬吕洞宾，不识好人心；一招鲜，吃遍天；良药苦口利于病，忠言逆 利用韵脚 耳利于行； A friend in need is a friend indeed. East or west, home is best. Man proposes, God disposes. Health is better than wealth. Beggars should not be choosers. fair and square; high and dry; wear and tear. 利用双声： 利用双声：八面玲珑，聪明伶俐，慷慨激昂，明媚灿烂 Alliteration: as blind as a bat, as busy as a bee, as clear as crystal, as dead as a doornail, as cool as a cucumber, as red as a rose, as proud as a peacock, at sixes and sevens, spick and span, then and there through thick and thin tit for tat neither fish, flesh or fowl Care killed the cat. Money makes the mare to go. Many men, many minds. Speech is silver (silvern), silence is golden.
一年之计在于春 一箭双雕 趁热打铁 一个巴掌拍不响
英语习语翻译的原则译文
英语习语翻译的原则摘要:习语是语言中不可缺少的重要组成部分。
作为语言中的特殊成分,习语具有结构的稳定性,语义的统一性。
习语还是各种修辞手段的集中体现,往往具有比喻性,和谐性。
此外,习语富于文化特征,充分地反映了一个民族的文化,因此,习语往往被看作语言的精华,文化的结晶。
习语特殊的语言特征及其浓厚的民族性给翻译带来许多困难。
文章提出了英语习语翻译的原则,并指出英语习语翻译需注意的问题,期望对英语习语的汉译有一定指导意义，从而增强文化交流的效率。
关键词:习语; 翻译; 原则1、导论根据《韦伯斯特新美语世界词典》（学院版第二版，1972），习语指的是一种被广泛接受的词组、结构或表达。
这种语言形式和通常的语言模式相反或者和其字面意思有很大差别。
这就是说，习语必须是通过广泛的实践而被创立和接受的，而且习语一般都有其寓意。
通常，习语作为一个整体，其中的任何一部分的改变都会导致该习语所要表达的意思的彻底变味。
因此，翻译习语时也不应当只根据该习语的字面意思来翻译。
从广义上讲，英语习语包括词组、谚语、语录、俚语、典故和行话等。
习语是一种语言重要的、特殊的、不可或缺的组成部分。
习语因为其结构稳定、语义统一以及包含各种各样的修辞手法而被视为一种特殊的语言单位。
同时，习语往往具有比喻性、和谐性。
此外，由于习语富于文化元素，因此，习语常常能充分地表达一个民族的文化。
由此，习语也往往被看作是语言的精华，文化的结晶。
恰当地使用习语能增加语言的表现力和使语言表达更形象。
现代和古代，中国以及英国的文人都很擅于使用习语。
由于习语的重要功能，习语的翻译在整个翻译过程中占有首要的位置，一篇译文的质量在很大程度上受到习语翻译质量的影响。
因此，习语的翻译在整个翻译过程中是极为重要的一环。
一个好的笔译人员不仅要能用目标语言真实地表达习语的含义，而且要尽量做到保持习语的原汁原味，如，该习语的关联意义，比喻意义，民族特性以及地方色彩。
因此，把习语由一种语言翻译为另外一种语言常常十分复杂，尤其是当两种语言的文化背景差别很大的时候——例如，英语和中文，翻译将会更加困难。
英语习语成语
英语成语汉译In the seventh heaven 愉快，高兴Knit one's brow 皱眉头Last but not least 最后但不是最不重要的一点Laugh in sb's face 当面嘲笑Lay sth to heart 把某事放在心上Have pity on sb 同情某人Trojan horse 特洛伊木马—比喻暗藏的敌人或危险Tower of ivory 象牙塔—比喻世外桃源Sour grapes 酸葡萄—得不到的东西就说它不好Sphinx's riddle 斯芬克斯之谜—比喻难解之谜As wise as Solomon 像所罗门一样聪明—比喻非常富有智慧The fifth column 第五纵队—比喻间谍A Judas kiss 犹大之吻—比喻背叛行为Crocodile tears 鳄鱼眼泪—比喻假慈悲Wash one's hands of 洗手不干—撒手不管New wine in old bottles 旧瓶装新酒—旧形式不适合新内容In a pig's whisper 低声地；顷刻间Draw blood 伤人感情，惹人生气Hang on sb's sleeve 依赖某人，任某人做主Hang on sb's lips 对某人言听计从Make a monkey of 愚弄To be full of beans 精神旺盛，精力充沛Bend an ear to 聚精会神地听，倾听Get cold feet 开始感到怀疑、胆怯或害怕A skeleton at the feast 扫兴的人或东西Bury one's head in the sand 采取鸵鸟政策Burn the boat 破釜沉舟Castle in the air 空中楼阁A bolt from the blue 晴天霹雳Six of one and half a dozen of the other 半斤八两After one's own heart 正中下怀One's hair stands on end 毛发倒竖Kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕Show the cloven hoof 露出马脚Hang by a hair 千钧一发Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵Have an axe to grind 别有用心Talk through one's hat 胡言乱语To be as poor as Job 家徒四壁Neither fish nor fowl/flesh 不伦不类No respecter of persons 一视同仁Leave no stone unturned 千方百计Hole and corner 偷偷摸摸；鬼鬼祟祟A fly in the ointment 美中不足By the skin of one's teeth 九死一生Call a spade a spade 直言不讳Pull sb's leg 愚弄某人，开某人的玩笑Move heaven and earth 想方设法，千方百计Child's play 简单的东西，容易的事情Eat one's words 承认自己说错了话Dog-eat-dog 残酷争夺，人吃人的关系Reap what one has sown 自作自受；自食其果；自掘坟墓；飞蛾扑火；咎由自取；玩火自焚；惹火烧身；作茧自缚Be on tenterhooks 坐立不安；如坐针毡；局促不安；心乱如麻；心烦意乱；七上八下；六神无主；手足无措Fish in the airCry for the moon Plough the sands Make a wild-goose chaseHold a candle to the sunCatch at shadows Lash the wavesBeat the air 水中捞月挑雪填井扬汤止沸缘木求鱼钻冰求酥以冰致蝇以狸饵鼠隔靴搔痒左右为难进退维谷骑虎难下左支右绌跋前踬后羚羊触藩不上不下进退两难无所适从莫衷一是Between the devil andthe deep seaStick in the mudBetween the horns of adilemmaBetween two firesIn a fixIn a cleft stickAt a nonplusHold a wolf by the earsWith one's back to thewallBetween Scylla andCharybdis汉语成语英译竭泽而渔to drain a pond to catch all the fish / kill the goose that lays the golden eggs打草惊蛇to stir up the grass and alert the snake / wake a sleeping dog易如反掌to be as easy as turning over one's hand / as easy as falling off a log玩火自焚to get burnt by the fire kindled by oneself / fry in one's own grease挥金如土to spend money like dirt / spend money like water掌上明珠a pearl in the palm / the apple of one's eye 对牛弹琴to play the lute to a cow / cast pearls before swine守口如瓶to keep one's mouth closed like a bottle / keep a still tongue in one's head雪中送炭to send charcoal in snowy weather / help a lame dog over a stile画蛇添足to draw a snake and add feet to it / paint the lily声东击西to shout in the east and strike in the west 刻骨铭心to be engraved on one's heart and bones 井底之蛙to be like a frog at the bottom of a well调虎离山to lure the tiger from the mountain口蜜腹剑to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 劳苦功高to have spent toilsome labour and won distinctive merits屡教不改to fail to mend one's ways after repeated admonition牢不可破to be so strongly built as to be indestructible 攻其不备to strike sb when he is unprepared史无前例to be without precedent in history粗枝大叶to be crude and careless无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness扬眉吐气to feel proud and elate灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious纸醉金迷a life of luxury and dissipation开门见山to come straight to the point单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale海阔天空to talk at random风雨飘摇of a situation being unstable毛遂自荐to volunteer one's service叶公好龙professed love of what one really fears东施效颦crude imitation with ludicrous effect南柯一梦a fond dream or illusory joy四面楚歌to be besieged on all sides锱铢必较to haggle over every penny罄竹难书of crimes too numerous to mention初出茅庐at the beginning of one's career倾国倾城to be exceedingly beautiful悬梁刺股to be extremely hard-working in one's study小题大做make a mountain out of a molehill赴汤蹈火go through fire and water 洗心革面turn over a new leaf七颠八倒at sixes and sevens横行霸道throw one's weight about 大发雷霆blow one's top 过河拆桥kick down the ladder乳臭未干be wet behind the ears格格不入be like square pegs in round holes 魂不附体jump out of one's skin翻译中汉语四字格的使用Extend in all directions 四通八达Talk and laugh cheerfully 谈笑风生；欢声笑语A world of difference 天壤之别；截然不同；天差地别Take a risk in desperation 铤而走险；孤注一掷Disciples and followers 徒子徒孙；门生弟子Decline with all sorts of excuses 推三阻四；百般推辞Await with great anxiety 望穿秋水；望眼欲穿；翘首以待Remarkably true to life 惟妙惟肖；栩栩如生Be shamed into anger 恼羞成怒；老羞成怒Hate to see sb go 恋恋不舍；依依不舍；难舍难分Again and again 屡次三番Try to look happy when actually sad 强颜欢笑As if awakening from a dream 如梦初醒Walk off with sth 顺手牵羊Get instant results 立竿见影Achieve what one wishes 如愿以偿Broad daylight 光天化日Take on an entirely new look 焕然一新Face danger fearlessly 临危不惧翻译中英语成语的使用畅销sell like hot cakes抄近路cut corners出身显贵be born in the purple 出卖某人sell sb down the river 饭桶poor tool 思想敏捷think on one's feet放下架子get off one's high horse / pocket one's dignity放心breath again / breath easily非常紧张with one's heart in one's mouth非常健康as fit as a fiddle / in the pink of condition 雷声大雨点小much cry and little wool穷困潦倒be down and out / down at heels / come down in the world设身处地put oneself in sb's shoes使某人降级kick sb downstairs使某人难堪take the wind out of sb's sails讨厌have no use for体会言外之意read between the lines偷鸡不成蚀把米go for wool and come home shorn 投身于throw oneself into 说大话talk big改变立场shift one's ground / turn one's coat改过自新mend one's way / turn over a new leaf 话中有话with the tongue in the cheek禁止put the lid on拘泥礼节stand on ceremony决定性时刻zero hour埋头读书have one's nose in a book撵走某人send sb packing / show sb the door 就转局势turn the tide弄清楚make head or tail of / to button down谚语的翻译out of sight，out of mind。
习语翻译
① 有眼不识泰山
② 有眼无珠
Tom, Dick and Harry ① 张三，李四，王二麻子 ② 阿猫阿狗 ③ 普通的人 / 任何人
Two heads are better than one. ① 三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。 ② 人多出韩信。 ③两个脑袋总比一个脑袋强。
④ 两人智慧胜一人。/ 一人不及两人智。
eat ones words
误译 ：食言；失信 原义：admit to having said something wrong 承认自己说错了话 child’s play 误译：儿戏 原义：thing that is very easy to do 容易做的事 touch-and-go 误译：一触即发 原义：uncertain as to the result 无法确定的结果
I Love You Enough!
“You don’t love me!” How many times have your kids laid that one on you? And how many times have you, as a parent, resisted the urge to tell them how much? Someday, when my children are old enough to understand the logic that motivates a mother, I’ll tell them. I loved you enough to bug you about where you were going, with whom, and what time you would go home. I loved you enough to say, “Yes, you can go to Disney World on Mother’s day. ” I loved you enough to let you see anger, disappointment ,disgust and tears in my eyes. I loved you enough not to make excuses for your lack of respect or your bad manners. I loved you enough to admit that I was wrong and ask your forgiveness. I loved you enough to ignore “what every other mother ”did or said. I loved you enough to let you stumble, fall, hurt and fail. I loved you enough to let you assume the responsibility for your own actions, at six, ten or sixteen. I loved you enough to figure you would lie about the party being chaperoned, but forgave you for it… after discovering I was right. I loved you enough to shove you off my lap, let go of your hand, be mute to your pleas… so that you had to stand alone. I loved you enough to accept you for what you are, not what I wanted you to be. But most of all, I loved you enough to say no when you hated me for it. That was the hardest part of all.
很有用的谚语英语翻译
没有自行车的鱼？没有自行车的鱼？A big HI to everyone! I'm Serena from E-say^_^ 大家有没有发现，在英美国家的人眼里，一般的动物像猫、狗、鱼、牛、马等等动物所象征的意义跟在中国人眼里是不一样的。
下面就给大家举几个例子。
（一）没有自行车的鱼译句：A woman without a man is like a fish without a bicycle.解释：没有男人的女人就像没有自行车的鱼。
完全忠实于原文，可是却让人一头雾水，怎么也想象不出来“没有自行车的鱼”是什么意思。
首先，各种语言都有约定俗成的表达方法，比如A is like B就是一种比喻说法（这一点原译者看出来了，译成“就像”是对的），有时候可以直译，如：Park to the city is like the lungs to one's body.（城市里的公园就像人体的肺。
）有时翻译则需要灵活处理，如：Air to us is like water to fish.照字面直译成“空气对于我们就像水对于鱼”也能看得懂，但不如意译，译为“（正像）鱼儿离不开水（一样），我们离不开空气”。
还有一点要注意：按照汉语习惯，比喻部分放在前面比较好。
其次，不同的语言在进行形象比喻时使用的形象（尤其是动物形象）往往不一样，比如英语里把不同的人比喻成各种鱼，汉语里就没有。
其三，介词常常含有动作的意思，所以without不但可以译成“没有”，在这一句也可以译成“不需要”，理解起来也方便些，即将a fish without a bicycle译为“鱼不需要自行车”。
全句可以译为：（就像）鱼儿不需要/用不着自行车，女人也不（见得）需要/用得着男人。
当然再进一步意译为“鱼儿没有自行车活得很自在，女人没有男人也可以活得很滋润/潇洒” 也未尝不可。
当然这类比喻式句子还有别的句型。
前面举的关于空气和水的比喻句可以改为下列句型：1、Air is to us what water is to fish.2、Air is to us what water is to fish.3、As water is to fish, so is air to us.（二）爱屋及乌，还是爱乌及屋译句：Love me,love my dog.解释：许多词典和翻译教材都提供这样的译文：爱屋及乌，实在有点误人子弟。
浅议大学英语教学中习语翻译
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个人收集整理 仅供参考学习 1 / 14 第十九讲 习语翻译 Lecture 19 Idioms 一、Idioms的定义： 广义的idioms包括：1. set phrase短语，2. proverbs谚语，3. sayings俗语, 4. epigrams警句，5. slang俚语，6. colloquialisms 口语，7. quotations名言/语录，8. two-part allegorical sayings寓言 9. allusions典故个人
收集整理 勿做商业用途 汉语中包括：1. 成语set phrases， 2. 谚语proverbs， 3. 俗语colloquialism, 4. 歇后语allegorical saying个人收集整理 勿做商业用途 二、英语idioms的来源 1．From the Bible圣经故事: 1) Cast pearls before swine对牛弹琴；白费好意 这个成语源自《新约。马太福音》第7章：“Give not that which is holy unto the dogs,neither cast ye your pearls before swine,lest they trample them under their feet,and turn again and rend you”.个人收集整理 勿做商业
用途 2）Don’t you see the writing on the wall? 难道你没有看出大难临头了吗？（writing on the wall意为“不详之兆”，典出《旧约全书》）个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
2. From the fables寓言故事: 1) Veper and File出自《伊索寓言》，说的是一条蝰蛇（Viper）发现一把铁锉（File），以为是一顿美餐。但铁锉说，它的天职是咬别人，而不是被别人咬。后人借此比喻“骗人者反受人骗”，汉译时要作直译或意译处理。个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
2) kill the goose to get the eggs，源于希腊寓言，说的是曾有一个乡下人，因为发财心切杀死了自己饲养的那只能下金蛋的鹅，以为如此就可一次获得全部想象中的金块，但其结果一无所获。个人收集整
理 勿做商业用途 3．From fairy tales神话故事： 1) rain cats and dogs，源于北欧神话，猫对天气有很大影响，英国水手至今说：“猫尾巴藏大风”。据说驾暴风雨的巫士化为猫形。狗是风的信号，狗和狼都是暴风雨神奥丁的随从。在德国古画中，风被画成狗头和狼头。因此，猫被年作暴雨的象征，狗是伴随暴雨的强风，to rain cats and dogs就是to rain heavily/hard，汉译便为“下倾盆大到雨”。个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
2) Analthea’s horn，汉译常为“丰饶的羊角”。阿玛尔忒亚（Amalthea），希腊祖籍中一神女，是宙斯（Zeus为主神，相当于罗马神话中的朱庇特Jupiter）的保姆。婴儿时宙斯由神女阿玛尔忒亚喂以羊乳。为了感思，宙斯敲下一羊角送给她。许诺让羊角主人永远丰饶。 个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
3) the sword of Damocles达摩克利斯的剑，临头的危险（希腊神话，廷臣达摩克利斯羡慕国王狄奥尼修斯的国王生活，国王于是用一根头发将一把到件剑悬挂在王位上，让达摩克利斯坐在上面）个人
收集整理 勿做商业用途 4。From history allusion /legend历史典故/传说 1) burn one’s boats（bridges），此成语中的bridges为美国人所使用，原指古罗马朱力斯·凯撒大军乘船越过Rubicon后就把船烧了，以此向士兵指明后路已断，不可能后退。现借用来比喻“不留后路，下定决心干到底”，同汉语的“破釜沉舟“。 个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
2）Leave no stone unturned，相传公元前447年波斯奖军马多尼奥斯在希腊的普拉蒂亚兵败被杀后，留下一大批财宝在军帐里。底比斯的波利克拉特斯搜寻却一无所获，请示德尔斐神谕后知道要“翻转所有的石头”，最后找到了财宝。现借此比喻想方设法等，汉译为“千方百计，想尽办法”个人收集整理
勿做商业用途 3）a Spartan look 简朴的; 艰苦的（古希腊斯巴达人以简朴和不畏艰辛著称） 4）a Trojan Horse 内奸, 暗藏之敌 个人收集整理 仅供参考学习 2 / 14 5）theheel of Achilles 致命的弱点 6）Gordian Knot 难题；僵局 7）have an axe to grind别有用心,另有企图 5. From literature works文学作品: 1) Simon Legree“残暴之徒，尖酸刻薄、好吹毛求疵的人” Simon Legree是美国女作家斯陀夫人所著《汤姆大伯的小屋》一书中管黑奴的工头，此人既凶狠又尖酸刻薄，将心地善良的汤姆大伯活活打死。个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
2) Life is but an empty dream，其汉译为“人生如梦”。源于美国诗人Longfellow的诗文个人收集整理 勿做商
业用途 3) as busy as a bee (From Chaucer's Canterbury Tales)个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
4）Catch-22 situation不可逾越的障碍（源自美国作家约瑟夫·赫勒的小说Catch-22）6. From social
custom社会风俗:个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
1) a feather in your cap，汉译为“值得荣耀的事、荣誉”。源于广泛流行于亚洲和美洲印第安人当中的一种风俗：每杀死一个敌人就在头饰或帽子上加插一根羽毛，以此来显示战绩与荣誉。 个人收集整理 勿
做商业用途 2) have a ball at one’s foot，汉译为“有成功的机会”，源于足球运动。 3）When you are down, you are not necessarily out.遇到挫折，并不一定丧失成功的机会。（拳击规则，被击倒还有10秒可爬起来）个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
三、汉语成语的分类： 1． 联合式：山盟海誓，粗枝大叶，昂首阔步， 2．动宾式：为所欲为，闻所未闻， 3．主谓式：盛气凌人，想入非非，心怀叵测，忠心耿耿，自惭形秽， 4．偏正式：泰然自若，洋洋得意（得意洋洋），小心翼翼，半途而废，奋不顾身，泰然处之， 5．连动式：投笔从戎，见异思迁，挖肉补疮，触类旁通，无地自容， 6．兼语式：引狼入室，调虎离山， 7．紧缩式：脍炙人口 联合结构：不学无术， 四、Idioms的翻译方法： 1． 直译法：按原语字面意义翻译（异化译法） 1）kill two birds with one stone一石双鸟 2) Forbidden fruit is sweet.禁果格外香。 3) Friends are thieves of time.朋友是时间的窃贼。 4) Truth is the daughter of time. 真理是时间的女儿。 5) One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。 1) 薛蟠也来上学，不过是三日打鱼，两日晒网。Xue Pan enrolled as a student. But he was like the fisherman who fishes for three days and then suns his net for two”…个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
2) 他对乡里的情况，了如指掌。He knew everything about the township like the back of his hand.个人收
集整理 勿做商业用途 3) 旁边一人鼓掌大笑曰：“此事易如反掌，何必多议？” （《三国演义》）Then one of those about him suddenly clapped his hands, crying, Ït’s as easy as turning over one’s hand! Why so much talk?”个人收集
整理 勿做商业用途 4) 他这一去如石沉大海，再无消息。He left like a stone dropped into the sea and has never been heard of.个人收集整理 勿做商业用途 6) 这工作花了我九牛二虎之力。The work cost me the strength of nine bulls and two tigers.个人收集整理 勿
做商业用途 7）中国有句古话是这样说的：“山不在高，有仙则名；水不在深，有龙则灵。” 个人收集整理 仅供参考学习 3 / 14 An ancient Chinese saying goes that “Any mountain can be famous with the presence of an immortal, and any river can be holy with the presence of a dragon.”个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
7) 山不在高，有仙则名 "No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far andwide if there is a fairy; "个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
8）城门失火，殃及池鱼。A fire on the city wall brings disaster to the fish in the moat.个人收集整理 勿做商业
用途 9) 木已成舟The wood is already made into a boat. 10）十年树木，百年树人。 It takes ten years to grow trees, but one hundred years to rear people.个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
It takes three generations to make a gentleman. (套译)个人收集整理 勿做商业用途
画饼充饥to draw a cake to satisfy one’s hunger 犬马之劳to serve like a dog or a horse 声东击西to shout in the east and strike in the west 刻骨铭心to be engraved on one’s heart and bones 井底之蛙to be like a frog at the bottom of a well 调虎离山to lure the tiger from the mountain 口蜜腹剑to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 2. 意译法 1）There is a skeleton in the cupboard.家家有本难念的经。 (the family skeleton / the skeleton in the cupboard家丑)个人收集整理 勿做商业用途