Into the universe with Stephen Hawking——探究外星生命篇

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StephenHawking短文英汉对译

StephenHawking短文英汉对译

StephenHawking短文英汉对译Stephen Hawking, a world famous British physicist,--- 短文英汉对译Stephen Hawking, a world famous British physicist, will write a children's book with his daughter. Hawking said the book will be "a bit like Harry Potter" but without the magic. "It explains the wonders of the universe(宇宙)," said Hawking, while he was on a visit to Hong Kong last week.Hawking, 64, is probably the world's most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He is an expert on black holes. He has put his whole life into digging into the beginning (and the end) of the universe."My goal is simple," Hawking once said. "It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all."Hawking has a bad illness that stops him from moving or talking. For a period of time, he had no way to communicate except by blinking(眨眼).Now he sits on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moves two fingers to control the computer's mouse. He selects his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer(音响合成器)."I have had the disease for most of my life," Hawking once said. "Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work."Although Hawking is such a disabled man, he made great achievements. He has received many awards and prizes for his work over the years. This includes winning the Albert Einstein Award. It is the highest achievement in theoretical physics(理论物理).闻名遐迩的英国物理学家斯蒂芬霍金,将与他女儿一道编写一部孩子们的书籍。

关于霍金的英文简介

关于霍金的英文简介

关于霍金的英文简介斯蒂芬·威廉·霍金,英国剑桥大学著名物理学家,是现代最伟大的物理学家之一,也是20世纪享有国际盛誉的伟人之一,下面是小编为你整理的关于霍金的英文简介,希望对你有用!斯蒂芬·威廉·霍金学术思想Time MachineBritish famous astrophysicist Stephen William Hawking following the recognition of the existence of aliens, but also issued a stunning discussion: he claimed that with the human flying into the future of the time machine, theoretically feasible, the required conditions include space In the wormhole or speed close to the speed of light of the spacecraft. However, Hawking also warned not to take time to go back to history, because "only crazy scientists, will want to go back to the past 'upside down causal'.Physicist Hawking, in a documentary about the universe, notes that mankind can build a spacecraft close to the speed of light and be able to enter the future. Hawking even said that he was worried about others as a "weirdo", so he did not dare to speak, do not want to talk about the time machine things, until the documentary after the generous discussion.Time gapAs for the key point of time machine, Hawking stressed that the so-called "four degrees of space", scientists named "wormhole." Hawking stressed that "wormhole" in our surroundings, but small to the naked eye can not see, they exist in space and time cracks.He pointed out that the universe is not flat or solid, close to the observation will find all objects will appear small holes or wrinkles, which is the basic physical law, and apply to time. Time also has subtle cracks, wrinkles and voids, than the molecules, atoms also small space is named "quantum bubble", "wormhole" exists in them.return to the pastHawking pointed out that the theory of time tunnel or "wormhole" can not only carry humans to other planets, if the wormhole at both ends of the same location, and time rather than distance, then the spacecraft can fly into, after flying still Close to the earth, just into the so-called "distant past". Because in the 4-degree space, 10 minutes may be n hours. But Hawking warned, do not take time to go back to history.Fly to the futureSteven William Hawking said that if scientists can build a spacecraft close to the speed of light, then the spacecraftwill inevitably because it can not violate the speed of light is the maximum speed limit law, resulting in the cabin time slows down, then the flight is equal to a week 100 years on the ground, it is equivalent to fly into the future.Hawking lift artificial satellite, for example, refers to the satellite in orbit, due to the impact of the Earth's gravity is small, the satellite time is slightly faster than the ground time. As a result, Hawking envisioned a large speed universe ship, can be accelerated in 1 second to 97,000 km per hour, 6 years to accelerate to 99.99% of the speed of light, faster than the history of the fastest ship Apollo 10 times. The passengers on board the ship is disguised to the future, making a real time travel.Four degrees of spaceEven in space, everything has a length of time, in time roaming, means through the "4 degrees space."Hawking, for example, pointed out that driving straight line is equal to the "1 degree space" in the road, and turn left or right is equal to plus "2 degrees space", as in the meandering mountain road up and down, it is equivalent to enter the "3 degree space " Crossing the time tunnel is to enter the "4 degrees space."Alien theoryStephen Hawking in the United States to explore the channel April 25, 20xx broadcast documentary "follow Stephen Hawking into the universe," said that the possibility of alien existence is great, but humans should not take the initiative to find them, make every effort Avoid contact with them.Hawking believes that, in view of the alien may be looted the Earth's resources and then sped away, the human initiative to seek contact with them "some too risky." "If the aliens visited us, I thought the results could be similar to that of Christopher Columbus in the American continent, which was not a good thing for the local Indians.However, there are many experts on the "alien threat theory" expressed doubts. They from the alien's wisdom and technology, and even human self-alien psychological role to illustrate the alien people do not pose a threat to the earth. Chinese linguist and mathematician Zhou Haizhong said that if aliens can come to Earth, that their civilization is far more than our human; the higher the degree of civilization, the lower the possibility of violent tendencies. He believes that the threat of aliens is completely unnecessary, because as long as the wisdom of life, their rationality determines how they treatother intelligent life; aliens and the future of the earth is able to peaceful coexistence, friendly cooperation And common development. Coincidentally, American astronomer David Morrison also said that if a civilization can exist for hundreds of thousands of years, then it must be more advanced than human. This civilization will certainly solve a series of problems we face, so there is no need to invade the earth. He even believes that aliens are "peace messengers" and are friendly and cute, and said humorously, "If the aliens visit, I will treat them well." Nobel Prize in physics, the American astrophysicist George Mute eyes, "alien threat theory" all the worries are unfounded.Interstellar immigrationHawking in August 20xx to accept the US intellectual video sharing site BigThink interview, and then exposing remarks, said the Earth will be destroyed within 200 years, and human beings want to continue to survive only one way: immigration planets.Hawking said that if humans want to continue, they must immigrate to Mars or other planets, and the Earth will sooner or later die. Hawking said: "Human beings have entered an increasingly dangerous period, we have experienced a number ofevents related to life and death.As the human gene carried by the 'selfish, greedy' genetic code, humans are a little bit of plunder of the earth resources, Humans can not put all the eggs in a basket, so they can not put a bet on a planet.Academic betsHawking liked some scientific propositions, gambling with other scholars, and sometimes became a scientific scholar.1. Can you find the Higgs boson?Hawking made a bet with Professor Gordon of the University of Michigan: CERN would not find the Higgs boson.Higgs boson is the famous British physicist Higgs and other colleagues after a long period of painstaking research, waiting for 48 years, only to find the Higgs boson, also known as "God particles."2. Does the black hole exist?Set of energy to study the black hole of Hawking, had worried that the black hole may be just a theoretical concept, and the reality does not exist. He became nothing when he was free, and in 1975 he was gambling with another physicist, Kip Thorne, whether the black hole existed.The presence of naked singularityIn 1991, Hawking also asked to open the gambling, the Thornand his standing in the same front, the bet on the side of the physicist Pei Shiji (John Preskill). The proposition at that time was whether the singularity should be surrounded by a black hole, but whether there was a "naked singularities" surrounded by a black hole.Hawking and Thorne bet: the naked spot does not exist, then with the Berez set the gambling, who lost to the other side to send a used to "cover nudity" T-shirts, write the appropriate clothes to lose words. Hawking amended his theory in 1997, pointing out that naked singularity may exist.High dimensional spaceAccording to the M theory proposed in the 1990s (a kind of superstring theory), the universe is eleven dimensions, composed of the plane of vibration. In Einstein, the universe is only four-dimensional (three-dimensional space andone-dimensional time), modern physics is that there are seven-dimensional space we can not see.How does the scientist explain the difference between what we have known and what may exist but not perceived? They make an analogy: an ant travels on a piece of paper, Or left, forward or backward. It is high and low meaningless, that is to say, the third dimension of the space is there, not known by the ants.Likewise, our world is made up of four-dimensional data (three spatial dimensions, one time dimension), and we are not aware of all other dimensions.According to the physicist's view there should be seven dimensions. Despite having so many dimensions, these dimensions are invisible, and they themselves are rolled together, known as compressed dimensions. In order to clarify this view, let us to ants as an example to start our imagination. We can imagine, the ants in the above walking paper roll up, until rolled into a cylindrical. If the ants walk along the paper wall, and finally it will return to the starting point, which is an example of compressed dimension. If you can take along the famous Mobius, the above phenomenon will occur, of course, it is three-dimensional, but if you walk along it, will always return to the starting point. Mobius is compressed from the perspective of the dimension, according to the physics it has three dimensions, but who walking in the above, can only be recognized as a dimension. This is a bit like the people on the left: up or down, but never come to an end. If the ant is not walking along the curved wall of the paper tube, it will never return to the original starting point. This is an example of two dimensions (or the kind of dimension we are perceived),and it is impossible to return to the original starting point along it.斯蒂芬·威廉·霍金主要成就Stephen William Hawking's research laid the groundwork for today's understanding of the black hole and the origin of the universe, but according to himself, he said that he was in the animated "The Simpsons" and the science fiction episode "Star Trek: Next Generation" (Star Trek: The Next Generation) is also wonderful.Hawking emphasizes that the universe does not need a Creator or "God" in the "Great Design", "philosophy is dead", which means that mankind will be detached from ignorantself-slavery, denying that pure philosophy and religion can really explain Naturally, it also shows that the major religions are only the ancient spiritual world to explore the unknown, the pursuit of immortal system, rather than the objective truth. With the progress of the times, human civilization is also catch up, not far behind, which is why generations of people of insight to the existence of life and the meaning of the universe. To solve these propositions should have been the task of the philosopher, but unfortunately the highly developed science makes the philosophy can not keep up. Hawking in the "big design" of the opening that "philosophy isdead" is the meaning.Hawking hopes to solve the mystery of the birth of the universe, the 1970s, Hawking quantum mechanics applied to explain the phenomenon of black hole, in the next 30 years, with quantum mechanics to explain the universe has become more difficult. Hawking wanted to find a set of theories that could explain the universe as a whole to illustrate the birth of the 13.7 billion years of the universe until now, but it has not been concluded for years even if it is infinitely close. According to his theory of quantum mechanics, the birth of the universe is the big bang produced, which is a compressed infinitely small but with large gravity of the material (also can be understood as the density of infinite) explosion products. The theoretical category of quantum mechanics can not explain how this process is going to be done. Why is it so? Hawking says "that must have a theory that can describe small-scale gravity."The latest scientific breakthrough is Hawking's colleague, Michael Smith of London's Queen Mary's College (Michael. Green) involved in the construction of the superstring theory, referred to as "string theory", which states that all particles and natural forces are actually in shock In the universe likea small object, to solve the Hawking has always wanted to try to answer the gravity problem, this theory must be established in the universe must have 9,10 or even greater than 11 dimensions, and human beings in the three-dimensional world may only One of the real ones of the universe ...A large number of scientists around the world are doing experiments in space and earth to prove string theory and from experiments to support Hawking's black hole theory and quantum theory. January 24, 20xx, the famous British scientist Professor Stephen Hawking once again with its blackhole-related theory shocked the physics, in a recently published paper admitted that "black hole does not exist," but "gray hole" indeed exist. In a paper entitled "Information Preservation and Weather Forecasting For Black Holes", Hawking points out that "black holes do not exist" because they can not find the boundaries of black holes. In order to solve the "firewall" problem in the new theory set "black hole does not exist", it does not really do not exist. The black hole of the boundary, also known as the "horizon", the classic black hole theory that the black hole outside the material and radiation can enter the black hole through the horizon, and any material and radiation within the black hole can not wear out horizons.Hawking's latest "gray hole" theory that material and energy in the black hole trapped after a period of time, will be re-released into the universe. He admitted in his essay that his initial knowledge of the horizon was flawed, and that light could cross the horizon. When the light flies the black hole core, its movement is like a person running on a treadmill, slowly through the outward radiation and shrink. "The classical black hole theory argues that any matter and radiation can not escape the black hole, and quantum mechanics suggests that energy and information can escape from the black hole." Hawking also pointed out that the interpretation of this escape process requires a gravity And other basic forces of successful integration of the theory. In the past hundred years, no one in physics has tried to explain this process.For Hawking's "gray hole" theory, some scientists expressed approval, it was skeptical. Joseph Polchinski, a theoretical physicist at the Cuban Institute of Theoretical Physics, points out that according to Einstein's theory of gravity, the boundary of the black hole is present, but it differs from the rest of the universe Not obvious. In fact, as early as 20xx, Hawking had made a similar statement. On July 21 of that year, Hawking pointed out at the 17th InternationalSymposium on General Theory of Relativity and Gravitation that the Black Hole was not "completely swallowed" around it, as he and most other physicists had previously thought, Some of the information that is sucked into the depths of the black hole may be released at some point.In 1973, Hawking said he calculated by the conclusion that the black hole in the formation of the process of its quality reduction, but also continue to be in the form of energy to the outside world radiation. This is the famous Hawking radiation theory, the theory mentioned in the black hole radiation does not include the black hole inside the material of any information, once the black hole is concentrated and evaporated disappear, all of which information will disappear, which is the so-called The "black hole paradox". This theory and quantum mechanics of the relevant theories appear contradictory. Because modern quantum physics finds that this material information is never completely gone.For more than 30 years, Hawking tried to explain this contradictory view with various speculations. Hawking has said that the quantum movement of the black hole is a special case, because the gravity in the black hole is very strong, quantum mechanics at this time is no longer applicable. Hawking'sargument does not convince the scientific community of skeptical scholars. It now appears that Hawking finally gave this year's contradictory view of a more convincing answer. Hawking said the black hole never completely shut itself - Hawking radiation, they in a long period of time gradually to the outside world to radiate more and more heat, then the black hole will eventually open themselves and release the material contained in the information.On August 16, 1616, Jeff Steinhauer, a professor at the Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, proved the quantum effect of Hawking radiation in a paper published in the journal Nature Physics. He made a sound black hole instead of a light black hole, using a long tube with sound particles, the phonon "horizon". In 20xx, Professor Steinhall found that the phonemes were randomly generated in the horizon. In his latest results, Steinhouse proved that these phonons were one of a pair of related phonons, thus proving the quantum effect of Hawking radiation.---来源网络整理,仅供参考。

霍金的故事作文引用英语

霍金的故事作文引用英语

霍金的故事作文引用英语Stephen Hawking: A Journey Through the Cosmos。

Stephen Hawking, one of the most brilliant minds of our time, left an indelible mark on the world with his groundbreaking work in theoretical physics and cosmology. His story is not just one of scientific discovery, but also of perseverance, determination, and the triumph of the human spirit against all odds.Born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England, Hawking showed an early aptitude for mathematics and science. However, at the age of 21, he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease that gradually paralyzed him and confined him to a wheelchair. Despite this debilitating condition, Hawking refused to let it hinder his pursuit of knowledge and understanding of the universe.Hawking's breakthrough came in 1974 when he proposedthe theory that black holes emit radiation, now known as Hawking radiation, which challenged the prevailing notion that nothing could escape from a black hole's gravitational pull. This discovery revolutionized our understanding of black holes and earned him widespread acclaim in the scientific community.Throughout his career, Hawking delved into various complex topics such as the nature of time, the origin of the universe, and the possibility of time travel. His book "A Brief History of Time," published in 1988, became an international bestseller, bringing his profound insights into the workings of the cosmos to a mainstream audience.Despite his physical limitations, Hawking continued to push the boundaries of scientific inquiry, using a speech-generating device to communicate his thoughts and ideas. His lectures and public appearances inspired countless people around the world, demonstrating that the human mind knows no bounds.Hawking's contributions to science were recognized withnumerous awards and honors, including the Albert Einstein Award, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and being named a Fellow of the Royal Society. He also held the prestigious position of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge, a post once held by Sir Isaac Newton.Beyond his scientific achievements, Hawking was admired for his resilience in the face of adversity and his sense of humor. He often joked about his condition, famously stating, "Life would be tragic if it weren't funny."Stephen Hawking passed away on March 14, 2018, leaving behind a legacy that will endure for generations to come. His work continues to inspire scientists and thinkers alike to explore the mysteries of the universe and strive for a deeper understanding of our place within it.In conclusion, Stephen Hawking's story serves as a testament to the power of the human intellect and the triumph of the human spirit over adversity. His contributions to science have reshaped our understanding ofthe cosmos and will continue to influence future generations of researchers and thinkers. As we reflect on his remarkable life and achievements, we are reminded that no obstacle is insurmountable in the pursuit of knowledge and truth.。

介绍霍金英语作文50字

介绍霍金英语作文50字

霍金:宇宙之谜的探索者Stephen Hawking, a renowned British theoretical physicist, revolutionized our understanding of the universe with his groundbreaking work on black holes and cosmology. Despite being diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) at a young age, Hawking's determination and perseverance knew no bounds. His popular books, such as "A Brief History of Time," simplified complex concepts for the general public, making him a household name in science. Hawking's legacy is not just in his scientificcontributions but also in his inspiration to face life's challenges with courage and determination.斯蒂芬·霍金,这位杰出的英国理论物理学家,以其关于黑洞和宇宙学的开创性工作彻底改变了我们对宇宙的认识。

尽管他在年轻时就被诊断出患有肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS),但霍金的决心和毅力却无穷无尽。

他的流行科普书籍,如《时间简史》,将复杂的科学概念简化,让普通大众也能理解,使他成为科学界的家喻户晓的名字。

霍金的遗产不仅在于他的科学贡献,更在于他激励人们以勇气和决心面对生活挑战的精神。

stephen hawking英语介绍

stephen hawking英语介绍

stephen hawking英语介绍Stephen Hawking was a renowned theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who made significant contributionsto the fields of science and physics. He was born onJanuary 8, 1942, in Oxford, England, and passed away on March 14, 2018, in Cambridge, England. Hawking is best known for his work on black holes, the nature of the universe, and his bestselling book "A Brief History of Time."Hawking's early life was marked by academic excellence, and he went on to study physics at the University of Oxford. It was during his time at Cambridge University that he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a debilitating motor neuron disease that gradually paralyzed him. Despite his physical limitations, Hawking continuedhis research and became a prominent figure in thescientific community.One of Hawking's most significant contributions to physics was his theory of Hawking radiation, which proposed that black holes are not entirely black but emit radiation and eventually evaporate. This groundbreaking discoveryrevolutionized our understanding of black holes and earned him numerous accolades and awards, including theprestigious Albert Einstein Award and the PresidentialMedal of Freedom.In addition to his scientific work, Hawking was also a prolific author and communicator of science. His book "A Brief History of Time" became an international bestseller and brought complex scientific concepts to a wider audience. He also made appearances in popular culture, includingguest spots on "The Simpsons" and "Star Trek: The Next Generation," further cementing his status as a cultural icon.Hawking's life and work have left an indelible mark onthe scientific community and the world at large. His perseverance in the face of adversity and his groundbreaking contributions to theoretical physics have inspired countless individuals to pursue careers in science and continue pushing the boundaries of human knowledge.史蒂芬·霍金(Stephen Hawking)是一位著名的理论物理学家、宇宙学家和作家,对科学和物理学领域做出了重大贡献。

英语作文霍金的故事简介

英语作文霍金的故事简介

英语作文霍金的故事简介英文:Stephen Hawking was a renowned physicist and cosmologist who made groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of the universe. He was born in 1942 in Oxford, England, and showed an early interest in science and mathematics. However, at the age of 21, he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a motor neuron disease that gradually paralyzed him over the years.Despite his physical limitations, Hawking continued his research and became a professor at the University of Cambridge. He is best known for his work on black holes and the theory of relativity, as well as his popular science books such as "A Brief History of Time." His ability to communicate and work despite his severe disability made him an inspiration to people around the world.Hawking's story is a reminder that determination andpassion can overcome even the most daunting obstacles. His famous quote, "However difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at," resonates with people facing challenges in their own lives.中文:史蒂芬·霍金是一位著名的物理学家和宇宙学家,他对我们对宇宙的理解做出了开创性的贡献。

霍金英文介绍 Stephen Hawking

霍金英文介绍 Stephen Hawking

Films and seriesቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ


A Brief History of Time (1991) Stephen Hawking's Universe (1997) Horizon: The Hawking Paradox (2005


Masters of Science Fiction (2007) Stephen Hawking: Master of the Universe (2008) Into The Universe with Stephen Hawking(2010)
Awards and honours


1975 Eddington Medal 1976 Hughes Medal of the Royal Society 1979 Albert Einstein Medal 1981 Franklin Medal


1982 Order of the British Empire (Commander) 1985 Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society 1986 Member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences


2006 Copley Medal of the Royal Society[47] 2008 Fonseca Price of the University of Santiago de Compostela 2009 Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honour in the United States

与霍金一起探索宇宙观后感500字

与霍金一起探索宇宙观后感500字

英文回答:In my exploration of the universe with Hawking, I felt the breadth and depth of the universe。

With his deep wisdom and wealth of knowledge, Professor Hawking has revealed to us many amazing mysteries of the universe, giving me a deeper understanding of the universe。

Through his lectures, I learned that there are countless stars and planets in the universe, as well as black holes, space and space distortions,and that this knowledge makes me curious about the potentialof the universe。

I was also inspired by Professor Hawking ' s scientific spirit and his managerial attitude, whosemitment to the exploration of the universe has touched me, and his growing appreciation of the opportunities for learning and scientific research, in the hope of making a modest contribution to the cause of human exploration of the universe。

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下一步我们要做的,就是寻找一个或几个地方,让有机物质生长,自我复制并进化。在这个过程中,有一个因素至关重要。和大多数人一样,我认为水美丽而迷人,同时它也是我们所知的,生命形态存活的关键,不管是对于细菌还是蓝鲸,找到了水,就有可能发现外星人的存在。据说冰冻的水,广泛存在于外太空,小到单个结晶的冰,大到像山峦一样冰冻的彗星,这对我们来说,实在是一个好消息。但是找到液态水,还需要适宜的温度,每颗恒星的周围都有一个区域,在那里温度不高不低,就像童话故事《金发姑娘和三只小熊》里的那碗粥。在太阳的周围有两颗行星,正好处于这样的适居带,那就是地球和火星,我相信有一天,我们一定会登上火星,从二十世纪七十年代开始,人类就已经适用机器人在火星上探测,但却一无所获,我认为我们不能放弃,美国宇航局的勇气号火星探测器发现了这些白色的盐,这些盐与液态的水有很大的关联。卫星照片也显示了火星上的水系形态,以及河流腐蚀地表的情况,在火星的地表下,可能也含有水汽,这些水汽可能会支持生命体的存在。我希望有一天,我们能有足够的财力,把人类送往火星,那将会激发大家无限的想象力,正如二十世纪六十年代,阿波罗登月带给我们的一样,如果他们找到了火星上的微生物,我认为那将是最激动人心的发现。
但真正的挑战是,它们究竟是什么样呢?这其中有无限的可能,也有无尽的乐趣。外星生命可能只是绿色的黏液,没有任何能力,也可能是更高等的生物,具有很强的攻击性。当然,这只不过是无数可能性中的一种而已,在这个广阔的宇宙中,存在外星生命的猜测,是非常符合逻辑的,这些外星生命,甚至可能和科幻电影或科幻小说里描述的一样,《星球大战》和《星舰迷航记》是我的最爱。其中的情节可能超乎想象,但也可能就是现实,类似的情景是完全有可能的。但进一步看,这些也只不过是凤毛麟角。
外星生命的形态,可能会十分奇怪,我们甚至无法认出它们是生物,那些生命体可能会非常独特,居住在恒星之上,甚至还会有大量的微生物群,看上去像是宇宙中的云团,外星人的生命可能很短暂,生死只在转瞬之间,在浩瀚的宇宙中凡事皆有可能,问题是我们应该如何去寻找?寻找什么?去哪里寻找?答案或许就在我们面前。
生活在地球上的生物,可以给我们提供一切所需要的信息,原因很简单,因为这里孕育了我们所知的所有的生命形态。物理定律似乎适用于各个地方,生命定律也是如此,尽管在细节上会略有不同,我们可以把地球上的生命形态作为探寻外星生命的指导手册,它会告诉我们生命是什么样的,它们是如何繁衍的,不管它们存在于哪里。
不管我走到哪里,总有人问我,外星人是否存在呢?这是个好问题,因为它直接关系到,我们如何看待自己在宇宙中的地位。这个蓝色的星球是唯一的吗?我认为不是。因为宇宙之大,无边无际,我们居住的星球,只不过是绕着太阳旋转的八个行星之一,而太阳也只不过是2000亿颗恒星中平淡无奇的一颗。地球所在的星系叫做银河系,有的时候,它的庞大令人难以置信,然而银河系,也只是浩瀚宇宙中的沧海一粟,Байду номын сангаас宙中有一千多亿个星系,它们形成一张巨大的网,向各方延展开来,在这个画面里,每个发光体就是一个星系,它不仅让我们看起来非常渺小,也让我们难以置信,地球是孤独的。所以仅从数字来看,就足以证明,对外星人存在的猜想是合理的。
Into the universe with Stephen Hawking
——探索外星生物篇
大家好,我是斯蒂芬·霍金,我是一名物理学家,宇宙学家,还是一个梦想家。虽然我不能动,说话也得借助电脑,然而我的思想是自由的。
我在自由地探索宇宙,并研究终极迷题,比如世界上是否真的存在外星生命,如果有,那它们在哪儿?长什么样?是怎样构成的?是否聪明呢?发现它们,对人类来说又意味着什么呢?让我们拭目以待吧!
第一章,我们将回到45亿年前,那时候地球还非常年轻,地球上的生命起源至今仍是个迷。在几种科学假说之中,最流行的假说认为,生命的发生是偶然的,它产生于原始海洋之中,那里充满了一种叫做氨基酸的化合物,这些分子经过上百万年的积累,相互作用,最后形成了完美的化合物,然后组成了地球上的食物链。生命不能自发产生,但是我认为这完全有可能,就如中彩票一样,尽管几率微乎其微,但仍然有人赢得大奖。另一个有趣的想法,被称做有生源说,该假说认为,生命原本存在于宇宙的某个地方,通过小行星,由一个行星传播到另一个行星上,岩石将有机物质存在内部,从而可以抵御真空环境和极度的高温,如果真的是这样,无论是哪种假说,都认为生命一旦产生,便进入了下一篇章,这就是生存。外星人和人类一样,有着对生存的渴望,生存把人类和外星人维系在一起,并形成了独特的规律,生存需要能源,也就是我们所说的食物,没有食物,生命便会消亡,而一旦得到滋养,生命便会尽所能地延续,使群体免受个体死亡的影响。这最终促成了进化,即便是在地球之外的星球,也有可能发生进化,并造就出一些动物,而这些动物看上去,甚至不像是生物。
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