变压器日常维护及常见故障排除方法(中英)

变压器日常维护参考说明

变压器安全和顺利的运行主要依靠定期和仔细的监测和维护工作。维护工作通常由操作人员执行。监测和维护必须在变压器断电和接地时进行。

Safety operation of transformer depends on regular monitor and maintenance. Maintenance work is usually performed by the operator. Monitoring and maintenance must be carried out in the transformer outages and grounded.

1、变压器油箱和储油柜

Tank and conservator

1．1检查油温Check oil temperature

对油温进行读数，然后记下来。判断油或绕组温度是否因变压器长期过负荷

或不充分的冷却受到影响，并采取纠正措施。

Record readings of oil temperature. Decide if oil or winding temperature is affect or not due to long time overload or insufficient cooling and take corrective actions.

1．2检查吸湿器Check breather

为了确保储油柜不受潮，当上面一层蓝色材料厚度减少至大约7cm时，必须

更换干燥剂（硅胶颗粒）。

In order to ensure that the conservator is not exposed to moisture, dryer (silicon particles) should be changed when the thickness of above blue material is reduced to 7cm.

3检查油位Check oil level

通过观察透明玻璃管或油位指示计检查储油柜或其它容器的油位。油位必须符合指示计上指示的温度。如果油位太低，必须排除导致油损耗的故障，注入新

的合格油，需使用的油牌号见油的检验证明和铭牌。

Check oil level of conservator or other container by transparent glass or oil level indicator. Oil level should be according to the temperature indicated. If oil level is too low, failures should be found and fill new oil. The Type of oil needed see Oil Inspection Record and nameplate.

1．4检查法兰连接和焊接是否漏油Check flange connection and welding for oil leakage 所有的法兰、密封和焊接都须检查是否漏油。如果发现泄漏，必须及时再次拧紧螺钉，替换密封件或焊接进行弥补。焊接只能由有经验的焊工进行。必须遵守所有有关的事故预防规章，特别是油浸变的防火措施。

All flanges, seals and weldings should be checked for oil leakage. If find leak, must tighten bolts again, change sealing gaskets or weld. Weld should be done by experienced weldor. Must comply with all relevant accident prevention regulations, especially fire preventions of oil immersed transformer. 1．5检查油漆，清洁表面Check painting, clean surface

如果及时修整（损坏的）面漆，那么不必进行整体的重新涂漆。操作指导：使用浸有溶剂的布或蒸汽喷射鼓风机清洁涂漆表面。必须完全清除泥浆、油和油脂。轻轻磨旧漆，去掉将要脱落的部分。用金属丝刷子刷生锈的部分，直至发亮。然后去了锈的部分涂两层底漆，最后在底漆上涂上面漆。如果旧漆是极易损坏的

且已不牢固粘敷在金属表面，必须通过人工打磨或借助于去漆器完全去掉这层旧漆。然后涂上完整的面漆。It is unnecessary to overall repaint the transformer if repair (damaged) finish timely.

Operation guide: clean surface by using cloth immersed with solvent or steam injection blower. Completely clear away mud, oil and grease. Gently worn old paint, and remove the shedding part. Using a wire brush to brush the rust part, until shiny. Paint two layers of primer on cleaned part and paint finish on primer. If the old paint is easily damaged and firmly stick on the metal surface, old paint should be completely removed by polish or special device and then paint finish.

1．6检查接地系统（保护接地）check earthing system (protective earthing)

为了防止环流，变压器油箱和冷却系统必须通过一根足够截面的接地导线接地。检查接地螺栓是否拧紧，必要时再次拧紧。

In order to avoid circular current, tank and cooling system must be earthing by a earth conductor with enough section. Check earthing bolt and tighten it again if needed

1．7取油样（用于油分析）oil sample (for analysis)

采油样的目的是为了测量击穿电压和检查液体绝缘的化学和物理特性。变压器运行前、运行了很长时间或者为防止击穿应对油采油样。建议采油样最长间隔期5年。油样阀位于“顶部”或“中部”，采油样用于气体分析。油样阀位于“底

部”，采油样用于其它分析。

The aim of oil sample is to measure breakdown voltage and to check chemical and physical characteristics of liquid insulation. Oil sample should be taken before transformer running, or running for a long time or in order to prevent breakdown. Proposed max. Interval of taking oil sample is 5 years. Oil sample from oil sample valve on "top" or "middle" part is used for gas analysis; oil sample from oil sample valve on "bottom" is used for other analysis.

2．有载调压开关On load tap changer

2．1读出电动驱动机构上的计数器显示的动作次数

Read action times display on counter of motor drive mechanism

转换开关的动作次数必须记录下来。

Record action times of tap changer.

2．2切换所有分接，以清洁选择器触头

Switch all the taps to clean contacts of selector

如果调压开关一年内操作次数小于3000次或者不是在全分接范围内移动，

变压器断电情况下应切换所有分接大约10次，以清洁触头。

If operation times of tap changer is less than 3000 or not move in full range, all taps should be switched 10 times to clean contacts in case of transformer outage.

2．3检查保护继电器Check protective relay

检查有载调压开关的保护继电器，按下按钮进行试验。这时变压器断路器应跳闸。然后将按钮逆时针方向旋转90度重新设置。

Check protective relay of OLTC. Push the button to do the test. On this condition, transformer breaker should trip. And then, spin button counter-clockwise rotation 90 degrees to re-set.

2．4检查外部轴系和法兰漏油

Check external shafting and flanges for oil leakage

退出联轴器、中心轴和与橡胶套筒连接的万向接头至所需位置。检查入口处轴承是否漏油，去盖后检查内表面是否腐蚀。检查开关头部法兰和入口轴承是否漏油。Exit universal joint (connect to coupling, central shaft and rubber muff-joint) to necessary position. Check bearing on entrance for oil leakage and internal surface for corrosion after removing the cover. Check flanges on tap changer head and bearing on entrance for oil leakage.

2．5检查电动驱动机构check motor drive

以下各项需检查：Following items should be checked:

●外壳的防腐蚀涂层anti-corrosion coating of enclosure

●门密封垫和锁Door sealing gasket and lock

●清洁外壳通风孔Clean air vent in enclosure

●加热（自动调温器在20℃操作），照明Heating (operate thermostat under 20℃), lighting ●端子安装的紧密度Tightness of terminals installed

●就地的和远方的逐级控制Local and remote step by step control

限位开关，电动的和机械的检查Check limit switch, electric and mechanical

●触点排和位置指示计Contact row and position indicator

●必要时，清洁电动驱动If necessary, clean motor drive

●如果电动驱动是安装在振动强烈的地方，应检查所有的螺栓否拧紧，并再一

次拧紧。If motor drive is installed on strong vibration place, all bolts should be checked and tightened again.

2．6有载调压开关—检修On-load tap changer -- repair

有载调压开关的检修只能由有经验的人员或专业人员进行。

Repair of on-load tap changer should be done only by skilled or professional staff

3无励磁调压开关off-circuit tap changer

注意：无励磁调压开关只能在断电的情况下操作。

Note: The operation of off-circuit tap changer should be done only under de-energized condition. 3．1切换所有分接，以清洁开关触头Switch all the taps to clean contacts of selector

铜触头浸于油中时，会失去光泽。这种锈蚀层可能会导致触头温度升高。所

以无励磁调压开关一年至少一次切换所有分接头。以清洁触头（变压器断电时）。

Copper contacts will be corroded in oil and corrosion layer may cause high temperature of contacts. So, all taps should be switched at least once a year to clean contacts (when the transformer is interruption of power supply.

2检查联锁check interlock

端部位置是机械固定的。当到达端部位置时，开关只能向反方向转动。

The end position is mechanically fixed. When reach end position, the switch can only rotate in opposite direction.

4．控制箱和端子箱Cable box and terminal box

●检查控制箱的加热和照明Check heating and lighting in control box

对加热进行控制，使自动温度调节器至大约20℃。检查是否正确运行。必须检查橡胶密封件预防内部腐蚀。必须清洁控制箱的通气孔。控制箱内的继电器、电流接触器等必须进行检查，必要时进行替换。同时必须检查控制箱的照明情况。Control heating, and set automatic thermostat to 20℃. Check whether correct running. Must check rubber sealing gaskets to prevent internal corrosion. Muse clean air vent of control box. Check relay, and contactor in the control box and change it if needed. At the same time, check lighting in control box.

5．套管Bushing

●必须检查套管的油位Must check oil level of bushing

●必须检查套管的密封和清洁瓷瓶部分。Must check bushing sealing and clean porcelain

part.

6．电缆盒（油，空气，气体或物质浸渍绝缘）

Cable Box (oil, air, gas or impregnated insulation

电缆盒，包括安装架和电缆套筒，必须检查是否有泄漏。

Check cable box, including erection fixture and cable bush for leakage.

7．电流互感器Current Transformer

内置式电流互感器必须与测量仪器连接或予短接。必要时，清洁互感器接线

端子。

Built-in current transformer must be connected with measuring apparatus or short circuit. If needed, clean connector of current transformer.

8．监测设备Monitor Equipment

8．1检查气体继电器Check gas relay

报警和跳闸浮子是机械动作。断路器闭合时检查报警状况（气体报警）。如

果报警浮子动作，报警信号必须到达控制室，但是断路器必须没有跳闸。如果跳

闸浮子动作，断路器必须跳闸且发电机必须被断电。检查控制室内的信号。Alarm and trip float is mechanical movement. Check alarm (gas alarm) when breaker is closed. If alarm float works, alarm signal must reach control room and breaker must be no trip. If trip float works, breaker must be tripped and the generator must be interrupted. Check signals in control room.

8．2检查有载调压开关继电器Check on-load tap changer

检查保护设备，运行情况应与相关规定的相同。有栽调压开关的保护设备运行时，检查断路跳闸、发电机断电和控制室的信号输入状况。有栽调压开关的保护继电器一动作，变压器必须被切断。保护继电器仅作报警信号的布置是不允许

的。

Protective device and running condition should be same to relative rules. When protective device of OLTC is running, check trip, generator outage and signal input in control room. Once protective relay of OLTC works, the transformer must be cut off. The arrangement of protective relay only as alarm signal is not allowed.

8．3检查远方温度计Check remote thermometer

记下温度设定值并注明油或绕组温度是否测量过。如果不确定是否测量过，可用（水银）温度计（温度计座中）测量油面温度，然后两个温度进行对比。必

要时必须再次校准温度计。

Record set value of temperature and indicate whether oil or winding temperature measured. If not sure whether temperature measured, thermometer (mercury) (in thermometer pocket) can be used to measure top oil temperature and two values are compared. If necessary, re-calibrate thermometer.

8.4检查温度监测器Check temperature monitor

记下温度值。触头是否动作可听声音。请参阅“可调的温度监测器”。Record temperature value. Listen to check if contacts work. See " Adjustable temperature monitor"

8．5检查信号温度计Check signal thermometer

检查信号温度计是否正确运行。

Check signal thermometer is running correctly.

8．6检查油位监视器Check oil level monitor

操作信号触点可检查油位监视器是否正确运行。

Operate signal contact to check if oil level monitor work correctly.

8．7压力释放阀Pressure relief valve

发送跳闸信号给断路器的触点必须检查运行状况。检查之后，必须将触点设

置至运行位置。

Check the contact of sending trip signal to breaker. After check, set contact to running position.

《变压器常见故障原因及处理表》Transformer General Fault Diagnosis Reference Table

序号

NO.

项目Items 故障现象F aults Phenomenon可能的原因Possible Reasons 补救措施Measures of Remediation

1 变压器油温

Oil Temperature

变压器油温升过高

Oil temperature rise is too high

-油位计指示异常

Oil level indicator indicate abnormally

-冷却系统工作不正常。

Cooling system work abnormally

-变压器过载Transformer overload

-变压器室通风差。

Ventilation of transformer room is not

well.

-变压器内部有短路或局部过热现象

There is short circuit or local overheating

phenomenon in the transformer interior.

-检查温度计，将此温度计与其它温度计对

比。

Check the thermometer and compares to others.

-是否切断风扇或者关闭冷却设备阀门。

Whether cut fans or close the valves of cooling

equipment.

--检查冷却设备控制装置。

Check the control device of cooling equipment.

-变压器减载检查。

Check transformer deloading

-改善变压器室通风条件。

Improve the ventilation of transformer room.

-取油样化验进行判断。

Analysis of oil sample for judging.

2 变压器绕组油温

Winding Temperature

变压器绕组温升过高

Winding temperature rise is too

high

3 变压器温度计

Thermometer

温度指示不准

Indicate incorrectly

-温度计温包漏液。

Leakage of thermometer bulb

-更换温度计。

Change the thermometer.

-温度计座内未加油。

No oil in the thermometer socket.

-绕组温度计变流器不匹配。

Winding thermometer converter is mismatching.

-变流器与绕组温度计及互感器接线不正确或虚接。

Connection of converter, winding thermometer and CT are not correct or. virtual joint.

-用手拨动过温度计指针。Thermometer pointer is turned by hand. -补加变压器油。

Refill transformer oil.

-调节变流器档位。

Regulate the converter tap position.

-检查接线是否正确，重新接线。

Check the connection, if not correct, rewiring. -重新校正温度计或更换温度计。

Re-Calibrate or changer the thermometer.

变压器本体温度计与后台数显温度指示不一致Transformer body thermometer and background digital display indicate is not consistent. -温度计接线错误。

Thermometer connection is error.

-温度计输出信号不正确。

Output signal of transformer is incorrect.

-数显仪与温度计不匹配。Mismatching

of digital display instrument and

thermometer.

-检查温度计接线并更正。Check and make

corrections to the connection of thermometer.

-测量温度输出信号，检查接线情况，如接线

无异常，更换温度计

Measure temperature output signal, check the

connecting condition if that is normal, change

the thermometer.

-检查温度计与数显仪型号并更正。

Check and make corrections to the type of thermometer and digital display instrument.

温度计高温报警

High temperature alarm of thermometer. -油温高high oil temperature

-温度计报警、跳闸接点整定值不正确。

Thermometer alarm、set value of trip

contact is incorrect.

-温度计本身或后台线路故障

Fault in the thermometer own or

background line.

-检查油温高原因，参考项1。

Check the reason of high oil temperature,

reference item 1.

-检查温度计并重新整定。

Check and reset the thermometer.

-检查线路故障并修复。

Check and repair the fault of circuit.

4 变压器油位

Oil level of

transformer

油位过低（低油位报警）

Oil level is too low(Low oil

level alarm).

-漏油。Leakage

-油温偏低。Oil temperature is low.

-油位计指示异常。

Indicate abnormally of oil level indicator.

-油位计本身或后台线路故障。

Fault in the oil level indicator own or

background line.

-检查是否有漏油，补油。

Check if there is leakage, add oil.

-检查油位是否符合油温油位曲线。

Check the oil level whether accord with oil

temperature oil level curve.

-检查油位计。Check the oil level indicator.

-检查线路故障并修复。

Check and repair the fault of circuit.

油位过高（高油位报警）

Oil level is too high(High oil

-安装期间注油过高。Oil-filling is too

high during installation.

-放油至符合油温油位曲线。

Dumping oil to the level according with the Oil

level alarm). -油温偏高。Oil temperature is too high.

-假油位。False oil level.

-油位计指示异常。

Indicate abnormally of oil level indicator.

-油位计本身或后台线路故障。

Fault in the oil level indicator own or

background line. temperature level curve.

-检查油温偏高原因，参考项1。

Check the reason of high oil temperature, reference item 1.

-充气定位。Inflatable positioning.

-检查油位计。Check oil level indicator.

-检查线路故障并修复。Check and repair the fault of circuit.

5 变压器声音

Transformer sound

有异响、声音过大（注：大幅

度的负载变动，如大设备启

动，电弧炉炼钢，晶闸管整流

器等负载，由于高次谐波很

大，也会产生异常声响，属于

正常情况）There is abnormal

sound、the sound is too

loud(Note: Large load change,

eg. The load of big equipment

starting, electric arc furnace

steelmaking, silicon controlled

-过负载运行会使变压器发生很高且较

重的嗡嗡声

Overload running will make transformer

produce loud and heavy sound.

-电源频率波动较大造成变压器外部附

件及散热器振动

Power frequency wave bigger, cause

external accessories and radiators shake.

-变压器内部紧固件松动而发出强烈而

不均匀的噪声。

Transformer send out a strong and

-需适当降低负载

Should reduce load properly.

-需检查调整输入电源

Should check and adjust input power.

-需停电吊检（注意区分是否变压器外部附件

松动发出的声响）Should untanking inspection

without electricity.(Note the sound if come from

external accessories which become flexible).

-需停电吊检（注意区分是否外部线路发出的

声响）

Should untanking inspection without electricity.

rectifier, due to the high order harmonic is very big, also can produce abnormal sound. Those are normal condition.)nonuniform sound due to the internal

fastener become flexible.

-变压器内部接触不良或绝缘有击穿产

生噼啪的放电现象

Transformer internal poor contact or

insulation have breakdown produce the

discharge phenomenon.

-外部接地不良或某些金属部位未接

地，产生静电放电

Bad grounding in external or some metal

parts are ungrounded cause electrostatic

discharge.

Note the sound if come from external wires).

-检修接地部位

Check and repair grounding part.

6 变压器密封性

Sealing of transformer

-焊接部位渗漏油

Leakage in the welding parts.

-焊接部位存在砂眼、气孔

There are sand holes, air holes in the

welding parts.

-带油补焊Repair welding with oil.

-专用密封胶补漏Special sealant mend

-法兰密封部位渗漏油

Leakage in the sealing parts of

flange.

-密封处螺栓松动

Looseness of bolts in sealing parts.

-密封部位受外力影响

Sealing parts are influenced by external

-重新紧固螺栓Retighten bolts.

-消除或减小外力，并重新紧固Eliminate or

reduce external forces and retighten.

-重新安装胶垫Reinstall sealing gaskets.

force.

-密封胶垫安装不到位

Sealing gaskets installation is below standard.

-密封面不平整

Sealing surface out-of-flatness

-密封胶垫材质缺陷

Sealing gaskets’ material are defective -处理密封面后重新安装

Deal with and reinstall sealing surface. -更换密封胶垫

Change sealing gaskets.

7

变压器油

Transformer oil -变压器油耐压降低

Transformer oil withstand

voltage to reduce.

-变压器油微水超标。

Oil moisture content exceed

standard.

-变压器油色谱异常Oil

chromatographic abnormality.

-变压器运行时间很长。Transformer

long time running.

-变压器油受潮Transformer oil have

got damp.

-变压器内部存在放电

Discharge in the transformer internal.

-滤油处理Filter oil

-检修渗漏部位。

Check and repair leakage parts.

-需停电检修。Power failure repair.

8 变压器冷却系统

Transformer cooling

system

-风扇停转Fan stalling

-控制箱故障Control box fault

-风机故障Fan fault

-检修控制箱，参考项11

Check control box, reference item 11.

-检修风机Examine and repair fan.

-风扇过热Fan overheating.

9

压力释放装置（阀）

Pressure relief device

(valve)-压力释放阀发生报警跳闸故

障pressure relief valve

occur alarm and trip

-压力释放阀喷油oil

injection

-压力释放阀误报警（本身或后台线路

故障）。False alarm(itself or background

line fault)

-储油柜管道关闭或堵塞。Oil

conservator channel close or jam

-油箱内出现短路现象。Inner tank

occur

-检查压力阀本身及后台线路电气连接。

Check connection of itself or background

line

-检查管道，并开启管道阀门。Check channel,

open channel vavle

-需停电检修power off and check

10套管端子接线片

Lug plate of bushing

terminal -连接部件变色

Interconnecting pieces change

color

接触不好。Bad contact清洁连接面，拧紧螺栓。

Clean joint face, tighten bolt.

11控制箱Control box-不能正常启、停风机。

Start, stop fan abnormally -控制箱内电器件烧损。

-控制箱内接线不正确。

-控制箱内温湿控、相序继电器等电器

件整定值不正确。

-检查烧损原因并更换电器件。

-参照控制箱图纸检查接线情况，并整改。

-参照控制箱组件说明书重新进行整定。

12接地连接

Earthing 接地线中断

ground wire discontinuous

接地电流过大earthing

current is too high

由于外部短路产生很大的短路电流。

Great short circuit current caused by external

short circuit

多点接地形成环流。

Multiple points earthing form circulation

清洁触点，拧紧螺栓，检查电气间隙。打开

电流环。足够截面一点接地。

Clean contact, tighten bolt, and check electric

clearance open current loop One point earthing

13气体继电器

Gas relay 气体继电器报警

alarm

-空气积聚accumulation of air

-气体继电器本身或后台线路故障导致

误报警。

-由于内部故障产生气体。

The production of gas due to internal fault

-剧烈的振动。

Severe vibration

可以暂时继续运行，为分析故障应进行以下

试验和检查。

Continue run. Following tests should be done to

analyse failures.

1．检查油位、管道和阀门位置。

1．Check oil level, pipe and valve position.

2．检查电气连接。

2．Check electrical connection

3．检查气体继电器报警跳闸机械机构。

3．Check trip mechanism of gas relay

4．把故障发生5小时内产生的部分气体放入

一个玻璃容器，并进行分析。

4．Gather some gas produced in 5 hours after failure

in a glass container and be analysed.

5．从油箱中部取油样，做油色谱分析。

6．拆开所有套管连接，并做以下试验：

Take apart all bushing connection and do

following tests:

6．1测量绝缘电阻。

6．2测量变比。

6.3测量直阻。

measure winding resistance by DC method

6.4施加低电压测量空载电流。

measure no load current by applying low voltage

7、将试验结果同试验报告进行对比。当没有发现故障或故障已消除时，接通变压器重新投入运行。Compare test result with test report. When there is no fault or fault has been eliminated, put transformer into use again.

气体继电器跳闸trip -内部闪络产生剧烈涌流。

the production of inrush current due to inner

flashover

-由于内部故障产生剧烈气体。

The production of gas due to internal fault

-剧烈的振动。severe vibration

-故障跳闸。fault trip

-保持跳闸状态。根据如上1到7的描述进行

试验和测量。

keep trip state. Do the tests and measurement as per

above 1 to 7 items.

-当没有发现故障或故障已消除时，接通变压

器重新投入运行。

When there is no fault or fault has been eliminated,

put transformer into use again.

14开关气体继电器

Gas relay for OLTC 气体继电器报警

Gas relay alarm

-气体继电器本身或后台线路故障导致

误报警。itself or background line

Fault lead to false alarm

-由于开关切换频繁，内部故障产生气

体。Because changer switch

-检查气体继电器及其线路。

Check gas relay and its circuit

-排除气体，建议取消轻瓦斯报警信号。

Remove gas, it was suggested cancel the

light gas alarm singal

frequently, internal fault

-安装阶段注油后排气不彻底。Remove

gas is not completely after

oiling at the installation stage

-排气。Remove gas

气体继电器跳闸Gas relay trip -内部闪络产生剧烈涌流。Severe flow

by inner flashover

-剧烈的振动。Severe shake

-故障跳闸。Fault trip

-保持跳闸状态，进行以下检查：

Maintain trip,check as below:

1、检查油位、管道和阀门位置。

Check oil level, channel and valve

2、检查电气连接。

Check electrical connection

3、检查气体继电器报警跳闸机械机构。

Check alarm and trip mechanism of gas

relay

4、对开关进行吊检 check tap changer

-当没有发现故障或故障已消除时，接通变压

器重新投入运行。

Connect and operate again if there is no

fault or fault clearance.

15有载开关电动机构驱动不能电气操作电气接线错误或连接点松动；见其操作手册

OLTC electric mechanism Drive can't be electrical

operated

Electric connection fault or

connection point loose

Refer to operation manual

16

无励磁开关

non-excited tap 不能运行couldn't working

变压器没有电压 no voltage

驱动装置有故障。Driving device is

fault

连接不好。Connection is not well

-修理手动驱动装置。

Repair manual driving drive

-无载开关每年一次触点滑动操作。

No-load tap changer is contactor slide

per year.

17开关的压力冲击保护

Pressure impact

protection of

switch 由于膜盘提升而跳闸

trip due to lifting of membranous

disk

开关产生故障致隔膜破裂和产生冲击

涌流。

Film rupture and inrush current caused by

switch failure

保持跳闸状态，检查跳闸机械机构。拆下并

检查开关，如果没有发现故障，重新设置跳

闸机械机构，并使变压器重新投入运行。

Keep trip state, and check trip mechanism. Remove

and check switch. If failure is found, reset trip

mechanism and put transformer into use again.

18 变比试验

Voltage ratio test 结果异常

Abnormal result

-测试接线错误。

Wiring error

-变压器外部接线影响。

External wiring effect

-外部设备影响。

-更正接线，重新测试。

Correct wiring, retest

-拆除变压器所有套管外部连接。

Demolish all the outside connection of the

bushing

-关闭变压器附近大功率、强磁场设备。

External equipment effect

-测试电压不稳。

Test voltage instability

-剩磁影响。

Remanence effect

-三相独立无载开关不在同一分接位置。

Three phase separate off circuit tap changer not on the same tap position

-变压器本体问题

The problem of the transformer Turn off the large power and high magnetic fields equipment near by the transformer

-使用稳定电源测试。

Use the stabilized power supply

-消除剩磁，重新测试。

Eliminate remanence, retest

-检查开关位置，重新测试。

Check the tap location, retest

-条件允许，进行低电压空载试验进一步核实。由生产厂家技术人员综合分析。

Condition allowed, carry on the low voltage off load test to check it. Comprehensive analyze by the TWTB engineer

19 直流电阻试验

DC resistance test 结果异常

Fault

-测试接线接触不良。

Wiring bad contact

-分接开关长时间不切换形成氧化膜。

Oxidation film is formed due to

-检查接线，清洁接触面。

Check the wiring, clean the contact surface

-反复切换分接开关，破除氧化膜重新测试。

Change the tap changer repeatedly to explode

non-changing the tap changer for a long time

-三相独立无载开关不在同一分接位置。

Three phase separate off circuit tap changer not on the same tap position

-变压器本体问题

The problem of the transformer the oxidation film, and retest

-检查开关位置，重新测试。

Check the tap location, retest

-由生产厂家技术人员综合分析。Comprehensive analyze by the TWTB engineer

20 绝缘电阻试验

Insulation

resistance test 绝缘电阻低

Low insulation resistance

-变压器套管污秽影响。

Effect of the duty bushing

-测试环境温、湿度影响。

The effect of the environment

temperature and humidity

-变压器油质劣化。

Transformer oil deterioration

-变压器器身受潮。

Transformer body damp

-清洁套管，重新测试。

Clean the bushing, retest

-在环境温度10-40℃，干燥环境下测量（一般

要求湿度<70%）。

Test under 10-40℃, humidity<70%

-滤油后，重新测量。

filter oil, retest

-热油循环或联系生产厂家结合现场情况综合

判断。

Hot oiling or contact the manufacture to

compressive analyze according to the site condition

21 变压器差动

Transformer

differential 差动动作

Differential action

-接线错误

Wiring fault

-整定值过小

Setting value is too low

-电流互感器故障

CT fault

-变压器本体问题

The problem of the transformer

检查接线，排除问题后重新送电。

Check the wiring, deliver current again after

removing the faults

调整整定值，重新送电。

Adjust the setting value, deliver current again

检查互感器，故障消除检查无误后，重新送

电。

Check the CT, deliver current again after

removing the faults

变压器本体问题需进行以下工作：

If it is the problem of the transformer, the

following should be done:

1、检查气体继电器有无轻、重瓦斯动作，继

电器内部有无气体，压力释放阀是否动

作。

Check if there is light or heavy gas action on

the gas relay, if there is gas in the gas relay,