2013年黑河、齐齐哈尔中考英语试题及答案(word版)
1 齐齐哈尔市二0一三年初中学业考试 英语试卷 第—部分 语言知识运用(共计65分) I. Multiple choice(本题共30分，每小题1分) Choose the best answer from A、B or C according to the meaning of the sentence. 1. English is _____________ useful language. We should learn it well. A. a B. an C. the 2. How many ______________ are there in the basket? A. potato B. bread C. tomatoes 3. There ___________ a dictionary and two pens on the desk. A. am B. is C. are 4. Catherine got married ___________ a policeman twenty years ago. A. with B. for C. to 5. ___________ bad weather it is! Let's stay at home and watch TV. A. How B. What C. What a 6. What ______ you ______ when the captain came in? A. are; doing B. did; do C. were; doing 7. －Mary likes playing baseball very much. －______________________. A. So does Amy B, So Amy is C. So Amy does 8. －Must I return before dinner, Mum? －No, you___________ . You can come back later. A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not 9. Mrs Zhang is one of _________ teachers in our school. We all like her. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular 1o.－I wonder when you_________ in New York. －I will send an e-mail to you as soon as I_________ there. A. arrive; will get B. will arrive; get C. will arrive; will get 11. _____ soldiers and doctors went to Ya'an to help the people there two months ago. A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of 12. －Would you like some dumplings for lunch? －_____________ . I'm full. A. Yes, please B. Sure, I'd love to C. No, thanks 13.－What does your cousin do? －______________________. A. He works in a factory B. He's an artist C. He's drawing 14.－Have you read today's newspaper? －No, I haven't. Is there__________ in it? A. something important B. anything special C. new anything 15. －How long_______ you________ this book? －For two weeks. 2
A. did; borrow B. have; borrowed C. have; kept 16. I'll remember the old buildings____________ I visited in the village. A. where B. which C. who 17. －I have a pain in my back. － __________ . You'd better see a doctor. A. I'm sorry to hear that B. Nothing serious C. It doesn't matter 18. －Where's Lucy? －She has __________ Zhuhai. A. been to B. been in C. gone to 19. －A new park ________ in our hometown next year. －Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful. A. will build B. will be built C. is built 20. It takes me half an hour_________ the piano every day. A. play B. playing C. to play 21. Tom asked whether __________ after he finished his project. A. can he go to the cinema B. he can go to the cinema C. he could go to the cinema 22. The charity provides homeless people ____________ food and clothes. A. with B. for C. as 23. The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand _______to the rich land in the south of China. A. move B. to move C. from moving 24.－I'm sorry, Mr Li. I ___________ my English homework at home. －Don't forget __________ it to school tomorrow. A. left, to bring B. forgot, to take C. lost, to bring 25.－What does Anna look like? －___________________. A. She's kind B. She's tall C. She likes skating 26. Nancy________ a bus to school, but now he rides a bike. A. is used to taking B. was used to take C. used to take 27. Animals are our close friends. We are supposed ________ them. A. to protect B. protecting C. protect 28. Neither of the books ________ interesting. I won't buy ________ of them. A. is; either B. are; neither C. is; any 29. There're many students in our school, _________ of them _________ girls. A. One third; is B. One third; are C. Two thirds; is 30. The boy is often heard _______ in the music room. He sings very well. A. practise singing B. to practise singing C. practised singing II. Cloze test (本题共15分，每小题1分) Choose the best answer to complete the passage. Using computers is part of our life. 31 the Internet, we can read news, plan holidays, pay bills, make 32 , play games and so on. But for some people, once they are onto the Internet, they just can't stop. 3
It 33 that 51% of men and 42% of women think Internet is one reason why they're not getting enough 34 ! Because they have the on-line experience, 68% of Internet addicts (上瘾的人) say they have 35 time to stay with their family or visit their friends face-to-face than before. Some students 36 have Internet addiction. Often these students stay 37 school and home, throw their homework away, just play games in the Internet Cafes. They 38 the screens straight, their fingers hit buttons quickly. 39 , they shout loudly and jump from their seats when they win or lose in the games. These "gamers" play games most of the day, then think about them for 40 of the day and dream about them in bed at night. They soon become 41 and won't talk with others. They think about nothing 42 the results of the games they have got. They prefer playing computer games to 43 . Computers are now their 44 friends. That makes their parents 45 . If we can use computers in a right way, our life will be better and better. ( )31.A. On B. In C. At ( ) 32. A. friend B. mistakes C. friends ( ) 33. A. was reported B. is reported C. reports ( ) 34. A. sleep B. sleeping C. sleeps ( ) 35. A. more B. less C. little ( ) 36. A. either B. also C. too ( ) 37.A. away B. far C. away from ( ) 38. A. watch B. see C. look ( )39. A. At times B. Some times C. Some time ( )40. A. others B. another C. the rest ( )41. A. alone B. lonely C. loneliness ( )42. A. except B. besides C. beside ( )43. A. study B. studying C. to study ( )44. A. best B. the best C. well ( )45. A. to worry B. worrying C. worried III. Communication (本题共20分， 每小题2分) (A) Choose the best response from A to F according to the sentences given. Each choice should be used only once. ( ) 46. How's the weather? ( ) 47. Wish you good luck in the final exam! ( ) 48. Could you carry these boxes to the office for me? ( ) 49. What do you think of your English teacher? ( ) 50. How can I get to the police station? A. It's my pleasure. B. It's raining. C. He's very kind. D. Sorry, I'm new here. E. Thank you. F. With pleasure.
英语_黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市、黑河市、大兴安岭地区2020年中考英语试题(含答案)
黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市、黑河市、大兴安岭地区2020年中考英语试题一、单选题1. —What do you want to be in the future, Xiao Ming?—I want to be __________ doctor like Zhong Nanshan.A theB anC a2. —I have a toothache these days. I don't feel like eating anything.—You should go to see a __________.A teacherB dentistC policeman3. —It's raining outside. I forgot to bring __________ umbrella.—I've got one. You can use __________.A my, mineB me, mineC my, my4. The apartment has __________ floors and Mr. Black lives on the __________ floor with his family.A twelve, twelveB twelve, twelfthC twelfth, twelfth5. A very __________ snowstorm attacked my hometown on April 20tℎ, 2020.A heavyB heavilyC heavier6. Most students look forward to __________ back to the classroom to have lessons with their classmates.A comeB cameC coming7. —Mum, there aren't __________ eggs in the fridge. We'd better go to the supermarket to buy __________.—OK. Let's go.A some; anyB any; someC any; any8. —What were you doing at this time yesterday?—I __________ a movie named Lost in Russia directed by Xu Zheng.A was seeingB sawC am seeing9. To avoid gathering (聚集), neither the students nor their head teacher __________ going to the party this evening.A wasB areC is10. ﹣﹣﹣Could you tell me ________ ？﹣﹣﹣Sure， go along this street，turn left at the second crossing．You'll find the bank on your right．（）A how I can get to the Bank of ChinaB where is the Bank of ChinaC where can I find the Bank of China二、完型填空11. In 2020, there are a number of people and their heroic deeds（英雄事迹）moving us. Yu Tiefu is an excellent and kind doctor. He was born in Mudanjiang, a small city in Heilongjiang Province in 1978. He graduated _______ Qiqihar Medical College. In 2008, he became a doctor in Qiqihar No.1 Hospital. He _______ won many prizes since then.A picture made him popular on the Internet in 2016. He had just finished an operation and then he would do the next operation immediately (立即). He was so tired that he fell _______ against the wall. He was always working for a long time without rest. _______ hard-working he was!Because of the epidemic（疫情）he was much _______than before. On April 25tℎ, 2020, 126 doctors and nurses from Qiqihar No.1 Hospital were_______ to Mudanjiang to fight against the epidemic. Yu Tiefu was among _______ . Although his parents and brother lived there, _______ he didn't tell them about this special task. He took his job _______ . He came into contact with （与……接触）________ persons with COVID-19 virus（病毒）closely and asked them about their feelings every day. He also helped the nurses disinfect（消毒）the wards. He got onwell with the patients. Some patients were afraid of the virus, he made them feel ________ and encouraged them to cheer up.On May 27tℎ, they finished the work successfully and went back to Qiqihar. But he couldn't return home directly to see his wife and his________ daughter. He had to be in isolation（隔离）in Hemei Hotel. ________ he left us and his beloved（热爱的）job forever on June 1st becausehe was overtired. He was only 42 years old when he died. He prepared a present________ his daughter, but he couldn't give it to her by ________ . He had no chance to hug his wife and daughter again. He is a common man, but he did the most unusual things. Yu Tiefu is a real hero. We should learn from him.（1）A forB fromC of（2）A hasB haveC having（3）A sleepB sleepingC asleep（4）A HowB What aC What（5）A busyB busierC busiest（6）A sendB sentC sending（7）A theyB theirC them（8）A butB /C and（9）A seriouslyB seriousC terrible（10）A muchB a lotC a lot of（11）A relaxedB relaxC relaxing（12）A five years oldB five-year-oldC five-year-olds（13）A UnluckilyB LuckilyC Happily（14）A toB inC for（15）A herselfB himselfC itself三、短文改错12. Do you often Dianzan"？It means clicking（点击）the praise sign．If you agree （1）to me，please "Dianzan"．As we know，"Dianzan"is one of the most popular （2）word nowadays．When someone shows their ideas or （3）share their happiness on mobile phones，we can "Dianzan" for them．（4）At New Year's Day in 2015，President Xi Jinping used the word "Dianzan" to thank （6）we great country and Chinese people．So from then on "Dianzan" was accept and used by more and more people．Websites can know how （7）much people support the opinions according to the number of' "Dianzan"，（8）either．At the same time，that can help them to solve （9）teenagers problems．Clicking the praise sign is such an easy thing． Have you ever clicked the praise sign for （10）somebody？（1）________ （2）________ （3）________ （4）________ （5）________（6）________ （7）________ （8）________ （9）________ （10）________四、补全对话6选513. Jerry：Hello，Alice．You look very upset．What's the matter？Alice：（1）_______I've had a cough，a running nose and a sore throat．You know the COVID﹣19 virus is still scary now．I am afraid that I have already……Jerry：Don't be afraid．A fever is the common symptom（症状）of the disease．（2）_______Alice：No，I don't．I have just taken my temperature．It's normal．Jerry：lf so，don't worry．（3）_______It's been cold these days，and you should take care of yourself．Alice：You're right． Sometimes I'm too careless．Jerry：（4）_______You can get some advice from the doctor．Alice：Good idea!（5）_______Jerry：Sure! Let's go now．五、填写适当的句子补全对话14. （A：Shop assistant B：Customer）A：（1）________？B：I need a dress for my cousin's birthday party．A：OK．（2）________？B：Red．A：How about this one？B：I love it．What is it made of？A：It's made of silk．B：Cool!（3）________A：It's ninety﹣nine yuan．？B：Fantastic!（4）________．A：Here you are．B：Thank you．A：（5）________六、信息匹配15. I'm Jane from America． I can not sleep well and I always wake up several times during the night． I know for a fact that there are many other people who have trouble going to sleep， too． So， I've collected some advice I've received over the past few months．（1）_______Have regular sleep habits．Go to bed at the same time every night． Try not to break this habit on weekends when you may be made to stay up late．（2）_______ If you're getting enough sleep， you should wake up naturally without an alarm．Turn off your computer．（3）_______Studies show that it is bad for the quality of your sleep． Read a book or listen to some light music to prepare your body for sleeping．（4）_______A clean environment helps people to be happy and relaxed． Make sure that you have turned off all lights that might come into your room， and that the temperature is comfortable．Exercise often．Exercising will help you to fall asleep more easily， so walk out for 45 minutes every day and you will sleep better at night． But don't do it just before you go to bed ﹣ you won't be able to sleep!Eat properly．Eat only a little for supper．（5）_______A． Turn off the lights．B． Have a nice bedroom．C． Get up early every morning．D． Wake up at the same time every day．E． It has helped me sleep faster and better．F． A full stomach may make it much harder for you to sleep．G． Don't play on the computer for half an hour before you decide to sleep．七、阅读判断16. Henry was a very vain（爱慕虚荣的）man and he spent plenty of time looking at himself in the mirror．He even went to the barber's shop every week to have his hair cut． He was nearly fifty，but he didn't want people to know his age，so he always tired his best to make himself look younger．He also spent most of his money on clothes．He believed that every woman thought he was handsome．He did not have women friends，but he had an explanation（解释） for this．"I'm so excellent that the women can't make a perfect match with（和……般配）me．That's why they don't make friends with me．"One day he bought a new special shirt from a high﹣fashing men's shop．It was very expensive．When hegot home and took it out of the box，he found a note in it． The note said，"Please write to me and give me aphoto of yourself．"The note was signed "Julia" and there was an address to write to．Henry wrote to Julia atonce，telling her about himself．Then he put a photo of himself in the envelope（信封）and posted it．A week passed and then he received a reply．He opened it quickly，hoping there would be a photo of a beautiful woman inside and that she would like to make friends wih him．However，it was very disappointing（令……失望的）to him．The letter said，"Dear Henry，thank you for writing to me．I work in the clothes factory．Everyone in the factory wants to know what kind of fool will buy such an ugly shit．"根据文章内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）．（1）Henry went to the barber's shop every month．________（2）Henry didn't want people to know how old he was．________（3）Henry bought a beautiful shirt from a high﹣fashing men's shop．________（4）Henry didn't receive Julia's photo．________（5）Julia made friends with Henry according to the passage．________八、阅读单选17. Welcome to Robot Toy Store! We've got some new robots. You'll have them!阅读以上信息，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
主谓一致中考试题,how,time,flies
主谓一致中考试题,how,time,flies篇一：2022中考英语主谓一致复习题及答案(含13年中考题) 主谓一致( )1.(2022年黑龙江黑河)Summer holiday is coming, Li Lei with his father________to go to Shanghai.A.wantB.will wantC.wants( )2.(2022年黑龙江绥化)Not only my father but also my grandpa ________flying to Singapore this weekend.A.isB.areC.was( )3.(2022年黑龙江绥化)—Which would you like, tea or coffee?—________is OK, I dont mind.A.EitherB.BothC.Any( )4.(2022年黑龙江绥化)A number of students ________ playing on the playground, and the number of students in our school ________ increasing.A.are; areB.is; areC.are; is( )5.(2022年湖北黄石)________ that pair of ________ a little cheaper?A.Is; glassB.Are; glassC.Is; glassesD.Are; glasses( )6.(2022年湖南常德)—Whats on the desk?—There ________ some books.A.beB.areC.is( )7.(2022年江苏南通)Each of the club members ________ready to help those who were in trouble.A.isB.areC.wasD.were( )8.(2022年江苏泰州)—Why are you late, Jim?—Because there ________ a lot of traffic when I came here.A.isB.areC.wasD.were( )9.(2022年上海)There ________ still some milk in the fridge.Its not necessary to go to the store today.A.amB.isC.areD.be( )10.(2022年山东)—What can you see in the picture?—I can see a farm.And there ________ a lot of animals on it.A.isB.areC.will beD.be( )11.(2022年黑龙江齐齐哈尔)This is my twin sister, Lucy.Not only she but also I ________ good at drawing. A.is B.am C.are( )12.(2022年四川广安)—How much is the pair of shoes? —Twenty dollars ________ enough.A.isB.areC.am( )13.(2022年四川德阳)—Physics ________ more difficult than Chinese, do you think so? —Yes, I think so.A.isB.areC.has( )14.(2022年四川资阳)Each of the girls here ________ to the West Lake twice.A.have goneB.have beenC.has goneD.has been( )15.(2022年新疆乌鲁木齐)There ________ going to be a basketball match this afternoon.A.areB.isC.haveD.will( )16.(2022年湖北黄石)The head teacher with his students________ Tuanchengshan Park if it ________ tomorrow.A.is going to; isnt rainyB.are going to; isnt rainyC.is going to; wont rainD.are going to; doesnt rain( )17.(2022年四川绵阳)The number of books in the bookshop is about 10,000 and a number of them ________ about science.A.isB.wasC.areD.were( )18.(2022年贵州铜仁)Neither my father nor my mother________ rock music.They think that its too ________.A.like; noiseB.likes; noiseC.like; noisyD.likes; noisy ( )19.(2022年江苏苏州)There are millions of websites on the Internet and there________a lot of useful________on the websites.A.are; informationsB.are; informationC.is; informationD.is; informations( )20.(2022年湖南衡阳)—Do you like your new Tshirt? —Yes.Not only I but only my mother ________ it.A.likesB.likeC.doesnt like第一组( )1.Every student and every teacher ________ looking forward to the culture festival.A.beB.areC.to beD.is( )2.To swim with you ________ very enjoyable.A.isB.areC.becomeD.to be( )3. (2022原创)Nothing ________ impossible.A.areB.isC.wereD.to be( )4.This pair of glasses ________ to Tom.A.belongB.isC.belongsD.are( )5.The kindhearted ________ welcome everywhere.A.isB.areC.wasD.is to( )6.Generally, common people ________ to see lighthearted movies.A.likeB.likesC.goesD.going( )7.Over 50% of the fresh water in the world ________ in the polar areas.A.areB.isC.wereD.was( )8.—I have two shirts for you.Do you like them? —Neither ________ suitable for me, I think.A.areB.hasC.isD.have( )9.Neither Steve nor his brothers ________ red shoes.A.isB.areC.haveD.has( )10.Our Chinese teacher as well as all of us ________ going to the park tomorrow.A.areB.willC.wasD.is( )11.There ________ a pen and some books on the table.A.areB.isC.hasD.have( )12.Jane with her parents ________ at home.A.stayB.leaveC.staysD.leaves( )13.The police ________ that the criminal ________ on the run.A.report; isB.report; areC.reports; isD.reports; are( )14.Mathematics ________ my favorite.And I like geography too.Both ________ my strong subjects.A.is; isB.are; areC.are; isD.is; are( )15.Our class ________ made up of 25 boys and 30 girls.A.isB.areC.hasD.have( )16.Six months ________ too long for a child living alone.A.areB.isC.waitD.waits( )17.The singer and actor ________ a wonderfulperformance.A.giveB.givesC.isD.are( )18.There ________ some water and some seeds in thebottle.The seeds ________ very small.A.are; isB.are; areC.is; areD.is; is( )19.No one who can play well ________ here now.Either of you ________ the chance to win.A.is; hasB.is; haveC.are; hasD.are; have( )20.Both of you ________ good at swimming, but we just need one more person.Either he or you ________ with me.A.is; comeB.is; comesC.are; comeD.are; comes第二组( )1.A library with five thousand books________to the nation as a gift. A.is offered B.has offeredC.are offeredD.have offered( )2.When and where to build the new factory________ yet.A.is not decidedB.are not decidedC.has not decidedD.have not decided( )3.The number of people invited________fifty, but a number of them________absent for different reasons.A.were; wasB.was; wasC.was; wereD.were; were( )4.Between the two buildings________a monument.A.is standingB.standingC.standsD.stand( )5.Many a student ________that mistake before.A.had madeB.has been madeC.have madeD.has made( )6.None of the money________his.A.isB.areC.belongsD.were( )7.About threefifths of the work________doneyesterday.A.hadB.wasC.wereD.have( )8.Neither your sister nor mine________the good news.Lets tell them.A.knowB.knowsC.knewD.have known ( )rge quantities of water________cooling purposes. A.are needed for B.is needed toC.are needed toD.is needed for( )10.Every boy and every girl________to attend the evening party.A.wishB.wishesC.hopeD.are hopping( )11.Everything ________ in order.A.isB.areC.hasD.have( )12.Mary as well as her sisters________Chinese in China.A.are studyingB.have studiedC.studiesD.study( )13.Not only I but also Jane and Mary________tired of havingone examination after another.A.isB.areC.amD.be( )14.I dont think the poor________poor.A.are alwaysB.is alwaysC.always beD.always( )15.How time flies！Three years ________ really a short time.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are( )16.Both of us ________to the party last week.A.was invitedB.were invitedC.invitedD.is invited( )17.Interest, as well as prospects, ________important when one looks for a job. A.are B.wereC.isD.was( )18.A number of cars________in front of the park.A.is parkedB.was parkedC.are parkedD.has parked( )19.The number of articles published on smoking________ amazing.A.isB.areC.wereD.have been( )20.The young ________the vital force in our society.A.isB.has beenC.areD.have been篇二：中考考点专项英语主谓一致 (含答案)2022年中考英语复习十：主谓一致考点讲解和训练十、主谓一致【考点直击】1. 语法一致的原则2. 意义一致的原则3. 邻近一致的原则【名师点睛】谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。
2021年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考一模英语试题(word版含答案)
3．Our country is famous ________ many things, ________ paper cutting, clay art and lion dancing, and they are all great culture heritages（遗产）. We should pass them on.
thought the water tasted just fine. On other day, my mother thought I29．
was thirsty. Spenser and gave30．
it to me. I refused at first, but it was such hot that I drank it at last.31．
9．With the voice recognition（识别）technology, we can “talk” to our phones ________ and ask them to do things.
A．politelyB．warmlyC．directly
10．It’s not a good idea to throw away the empty bottles. They need ________.
A．as, for exampleB．for, such asC．with, like
4．—I know the Communist Party of China（中国共产党）________ in 1921.
—Wow, it has ________ history, our CPC is so great.
解析：2024年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考英语真题(解析版)
6.5G technology has entered everyone’s life. It will be ________ used soon.
9.So far, red tourism (旅游业) ________ quickly and it’s becoming more and more popular.
A.developedB.will developC.has developed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：到目前为止，红色旅游发展迅速，越来越受欢迎。
A.the; /B.the; theC./; the
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我弟弟汤姆乒乓球打得很好，但他不会拉小提琴。
考查冠词。play ping-pong“打乒乓球”，play the violin“拉小提琴”，固定用法。故选C。
2.—Could you please tell me how I can make more friends?
3.In our city museum, there are many old things from two ________ years ago on show.
A.thousandsB.thousands ofC.thousand
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在我们市博物馆里，有许多两千年前的古物在展览。
— Believe in yourself, my girl, and tell yourself ________ .
黑龙江省齐齐哈尔、黑河、大兴安岭2013年中考数学试卷(解析版)
黑龙江省齐齐哈尔、黑河、大兴安岭2013年中考数学试卷一、单项选择题（每题3分，满分30分））1．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）下列数字中既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的有几个（考点：中心对称图形；轴对称图形．分析：根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解．解答：解：第一个数字不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，不符合题意；第二个数字即是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形，符合题意；第三个数字既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形．符合题意；第四个数字是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形，不符合题意．共2个既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形．故选B．点评：掌握中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念．轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴，图形沿对称轴折叠后可重合；中心对称图形关键是要寻找对称中心，图形旋转180°后与原图重合．2．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）下列各式计算正确的是（）A．a2+a2=2a4B．=±3 C．（﹣1）﹣1=1 D．（﹣）2=7考点：负整数指数幂；算术平方根；合并同类项；二次根式的乘除法．分析：分别进行合并同类项、二次根式的化简、负整数指数幂、乘方等运算，然后结合选项选出正确答案即可．解答：解：A、a2+a2=2a2，原式计算错误，故本选项错误；B 、=3，原式计算错误，故本选项错误；C、（﹣1）﹣1=﹣1，原式计算错误，故本选项错误；D、（﹣）2=7，原式计算正确，故本选项正确；故选D．点评：本题考查了合并同类项、二次根式的化简、负整数指数幂、乘方等知识，属于基础题，掌握各知识点的运算法则是解题的关键．3．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）如图，是一种古代计时器﹣﹣“漏壶”的示意图，在壶内盛一定量的水，水从壶下的小孔漏出，壶壁内画出刻度，人们根据壶中水面的位置计算时间若用x表示时间，y表示壶底到水面的高度，下面的图象适合表示一小段时间内y与x的函数关系的是（不考虑水量变化对压力的影响）（）A．B．C．D．考点：函数的图象．分析：由题意知x表示时间，y表示壶底到水面的高度，然后根据x、y的初始位置及函数图象的性质来判断．解答：解：由题意知：开始时，壶内盛一定量的水，所以y的初始位置应该大于0，可以排除A、D；由于漏壶漏水的速度不变，所以图中的函数应该是一次函数，可以排除C选项；故选B．点评：主要考查了函数图象的读图能力和函数与实际问题结合的应用．要能根据函数图象的性质和图象上的数据分析得出函数的类型和所需要的条件，结合实际意义得到正确的结论．4．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）CD是⊙O的一条弦，作直径AB，使AB⊥CD，垂足为E，若AB=10，CD=8，则BE的长是（）A．8B．2C．2或8 D．3或7考点：垂径定理；勾股定理．专题：计算题．分析：连结OC，根据垂径定理得到CE=4，再根据勾股定理计算出OE=3，分类讨论：当点E在半径OB上时，BE=OB﹣OE；当点E在半径OA上时，BE=OB+OE，然后把CE、OE的值代入计算即可．解答：解：如图，连结OC，∵直径AB⊥CD，∴CE=DE=CD=×8=4，在Rt△OCE中，OC=AB=5，∴OE==3，当点E在半径OB上时，BE=OB﹣OE=5﹣3=2，当点E在半径OA上时，BE=OB+OE=5+3=8，∴BE的长为2或8．故选C．点评：本题考查了垂径定理：平分弦的直径平分这条弦，并且平分弦所对的两条弧．也考查了勾股定理．5．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）甲、乙、丙三个旅游团的游客人数都相等，且每个团游客的平均年龄都是35岁，这三个团游客年龄的方差分别是S甲2=1.4，S乙2=18.8，S丙2=25，导游小方最喜欢带游客年龄相近的团队，若在这三个团中选择一个，则他应选（）A．甲队B．乙队C．丙队D．哪一个都可以考点：方差．分析：根据方差的意义可作出判断．方差是用来衡量一组数据波动大小的量，方差越小，表明这组数据分布比较集中，各数据偏离平均数越小，即波动越小，数据越稳定．解答：解：∵S甲2=1.4，S乙2=18.8，S丙2=25，∴S甲2最小，∴他应选甲对；故选A．点评：本题考查方差的意义．方差是用来衡量一组数据波动大小的量，方差越大，表明这组数据偏离平均数越大，即波动越大，数据越不稳定；反之，方差越小，表明这组数据分布比较集中，各数据偏离平均数越小，即波动越小，数据越稳定．6．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）假期到了，17名女教师去外地培训，住宿时有2人间和3人间可供租住，每个房间都要住满，她们有几种租住方案（）A．5种B．4种C．3种D．2种考点：二元一次方程的应用．分析：设住3人间的需要x间，住2人间的需要y间，根据总人数是17人，列出不定方程，解答即可．解答：解：设住3人间的需要有x间，住2人间的需要有y间，3x+2y=17，因为，2y是偶数，17是奇数，所以，3x只能是奇数，即x必须是奇数，当x=1时，y=7，当x=3时，y=4，当x=5时，y=1，综合以上得知，第一种是：1间住3人的，7间住2人的，第二种是：3间住3人的，4间住2人的，第三种是：5间住3人的，1间住2人的，答：有3种不同的安排．故选：C．点评：此题主要考查了二元一次方程的应用，解答此题的关键是，根据题意，设出未知数，列出不定方程，再根据不定方程的未知数的特点解答即可．7．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象经过点（x1，0）、（2，0），且﹣2＜x1＜﹣1，与y轴正半轴的交点在（0，2）的下方，则下列结论：①abc＜0；②b2＞4ac；③2a+b+1＜0；④2a+c＞0．则其中正确结论的序号是（）A．①②B．②③C．①②④D．①②③④考点：二次函数图象与系数的关系．分析：由于抛物线过点（x1，0）、（2，0），且﹣2＜x1＜﹣1，与y轴正半轴相交，则得到抛物线开口向下，对称轴在y轴右侧，于是可判断a＜0，b＞0，c＞0，所以abc＜0；利用抛物线与x轴有两个交点得到b2﹣4ac＞0，即b2＞4ac；由于x=2时，y=0，即4a+2b+c=0，变形得2a+b+=0，则根据0＜c＜2得2a+b+1＞0；根据根与系数的关系得到2x1=，即x1=，所以﹣2＜＜﹣1，变形即可得到2a+c＞0．解答：解：如图，∵二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象经过点（x1，0）、（2，0），且﹣2＜x1＜﹣1，与y轴正半轴相交，∴a＜0，c＞0，对称轴在y轴右侧，即x=﹣＞0，∴b＞0，∴abc＜0，所以①正确；∵抛物线与x轴有两个交点，∴b2﹣4ac＞0，即b2＞4ac，所以②正确；当x=2时，y=0，即4a+2b+c=0，∴2a+b+=0，∵0＜c＜2，∴2a+b+1＞0，所以③错误；∵二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象经过点（x1，0）、（2，0），∴方程ax2+bx+c=0（a≠0）的两根为x1，2，∴2x1=，即x1=，而﹣2＜x1＜﹣1，∴﹣2＜＜﹣1，∵a＜0，∴﹣4a＞c＞﹣2a，∴2a+c＞0，所以④正确．故选C．点评：本题考查了二次函数的图象与系数的关系：二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象为抛物线，当a＞0，抛物线开口向上；对称轴为直线x=﹣；抛物线与y轴的交点坐标为（0，c）；当b2﹣4ac＞0，抛物线与x轴有两个交点；当b2﹣4ac=0，抛物线与x轴有一个交点；当b2﹣4ac＜0，抛物线与x轴没有交点．8．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）下列说法正确的是（）A．相等的圆心角所对的弧相等B．无限小数是无理数C．阴天会下雨是必然事件D．在平面直角坐标系中，如果位似是以原点为位似中心，相似比为k，那么位似图形对应点的坐标的比等于k或﹣k考点：位似变换；无理数；圆心角、弧、弦的关系；随机事件．分析：根据圆周角定理以及无理数的定义和随机事件的定义和位似图形的性质分别判断得出答案即可．解答：解：A、根据同圆或等圆中相等的圆心角所对的弧相等，故此选项错误；B、根据无限不循环小数是无理数，故此选项错误；C、阴天会下雨是随机事件，故此选项错误；D、根据位似图形的性质得出：在平面直角坐标系中，如果位似是以原点为位似中心，相似比为k，那么位似图形对应点的坐标的比等于k或﹣k，故此选项正确；故选：D．点评：此题主要考查了圆周角定理以及无理数的定义和随机事件的定义和位似图形的性质等知识，熟练掌握相关性质是解题关键．9．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）数形结合是数学中常用的思想方法，试运用这一思想方法确定函数y=x2+1与y=的交点的横坐标x0的取值范围是（）A．0＜x0＜1 B．1＜x0＜2 C．2＜x0＜3 D．﹣1＜x0＜0考二次函数的图象；反比例函数的图象点：专题：数形结合．分析：建立平面直角坐标系，然后利用网格结构作出函数y=x2+1与y=的图象，即可得解．解答：解：如图，函数y=x2+1与y=的交点在第一象限，横坐标x0的取值范围是1＜x0＜2．故选B．点评：本题考查了二次函数图象，反比例函数图象，准确画出大致函数图象是解题的关键，此类题目利用数形结合的思想求解更加简便．10．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）在锐角三角形ABC中，AH是BC边上的高，分别以AB、AC为一边，向外作正方形ABDE和ACFG，连接CE、BG和EG，EG与HA的延长线交于点M，下列结论：①BG=CE ②BG⊥CE ③AM是△AEG的中线④∠EAM=∠ABC，其中正确结论的个数是（）A．4个B．3个C．2个D．1个考点：全等三角形的判定与性质；正方形的性质．分析：根据正方形的性质可得AB=AE，AC=AG，∠BAE=∠CAG=90°，然后求出∠CAE=∠BAG，再利用“边角边”证明△ABG和△AEC全等，根据全等三角形对应边相等可得BG=CE，判定①正确；设BG、CE相交于点N，根据全等三角形对应角相等可得∠ACE=∠AGB，然后求出∠CNG=90°，根据垂直的定义可得BG⊥CE，判定②正确；过点E作EP⊥HA的延长线于P，过点G作GQ⊥AM于Q，根据同角的余角相等求出∠ABH=∠EAP，再利用“角角边”证明△ABH 和△EAP全等，根据全等三角形对应角相等可得∠EAM=∠ABC判定④正确，全等三角形对应边相等可得EP=AH，同理可证GQ=AH，从而得到EP=GQ，再利用“角角边”证明△EPM和△GQM全等，根据全等三角形对应边相等可得EM=GM，从而得到AM是△AEG的中线．解答：解：在正方形ABDE和ACFG中，AB=AE，AC=AG，∠BAE=∠CAG=90°，∴∠BAE+∠BAC=∠CAG+∠BAC，即∠CAE=∠BAG，∵在△ABG和△AEC中，，∴△ABG≌△AEC（SAS），∴BG=CE，故①正确；设BG、CE相交于点N，∵△ABG≌△AEC，∴∠ACE=∠AGB，∵∠NCF+∠NGF=∠ACF+∠AGF=90°+90°=180°，∴∠CNG=360°﹣（∠NCF+∠NGF+∠F）=360°﹣（180°+90°）=90°，∴BG⊥CE，故②正确；过点E作EP⊥HA的延长线于P，过点G作GQ⊥AM于Q，∵AH⊥BC，∴∠ABH+∠BAH=90°，∵∠BAE=90°，∴∠EAP+∠BAH=180°﹣90°=90°，∴∠ABH=∠EAP，∵在△ABH和△EAP中，，∴△ABH≌△EAP（AAS），∴∠EAM=∠ABC，故④正确，EP=AH，同理可得GQ=AH，∴EP=GQ，∵在△EPM和△GQM中，，∴△EPM≌△GQM（AAS），∴EM=GM，∴AM是△AEG的中线，故③正确．综上所述，①②③④结论都正确．故选A．点评：本题考查了正方形的性质的运用，全等三角形的判定及性质的运用，在解答时作辅助线EP⊥HA 的延长线于P，过点G作GQ⊥AM于Q构造出全等三角形是难点，运用全等三角形的性质是关键．二、填空题（每题3分，满分30分）11．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）某种病毒近似于球体，它的半径约为0.米，用科学记数法表示为4.95×10﹣9米．考点：科学记数法—表示较小的数．分析：绝对值小于1的正数也可以利用科学记数法表示，一般形式为a×10﹣n，与较大数的科学记数法不同的是其所使用的是负指数幂，指数由原数左边起第一个不为零的数字前面的0的个数所决定．解答：解：0.米用科学记数法表示为4.95×10﹣9．故答案为：4.95×10﹣9．点评：本题考查用科学记数法表示较小的数，一般形式为a×10﹣n，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为由原数左边起第一个不为零的数字前面的0的个数所决定．12．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）小明“六•一”去公园玩儿投掷飞镖的游戏，投中图中阴影部分有奖（飞镖盘被平均分成8分），小明能获得奖品的概率是．考点：几何概率．分析：根据概率的意义解答即可．解答：解：∵飞镖盘被平均分成8分，阴影部分占3块，∴小明能获得奖品的概率是．故答案为：．点评：本题考查了几何概率，用到的知识点为：概率=相应的面积与总面积之比．13．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）函数y=﹣（x﹣2）0中，自变量x的取值范围是x≥0且x≠3且x≠2．考点：函数自变量的取值范围；零指数幂．分析：根据被开方数大于等于0，分母不等于0，零指数幂的底数不等于0列式计算即可得解．解答：解：根据题意得，x≥0且x﹣3≠0且x﹣2≠0，解得x≥0且x≠3且x≠2．故答案为：x≥0且x≠3且x≠2．点评：本题考查的知识点为：分式有意义，分母不为0；二次根式的被开方数是非负数；零指数幂的底数不等于零．14．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）圆锥的母线长为6cm，底面周长为5πcm，则圆锥的侧面积为15πcm2．考点：圆锥的计算．分析：圆锥的侧面积：S侧=•2πr•l=πrl，代入计算即可．解答：解：S侧=•2πr•l=5π×6=15πcm2．故答案为：15πcm2．点评：本题考查了圆锥的计算，解答本题的关键是熟练记忆圆锥侧面积的计算方法．15．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）如图，要使△ABC与△DBA相似，则只需添加一个适当的条件是∠C=∠BAD（填一个即可）考点：相似三角形的判定．专题：开放型．分析：根据相似三角形的判定：（1）三边法：三组对应边的比相等的两个三角形相似；（2）两边及其夹角法：两组对应边的比相等且夹角对应相等的两个三角形相似；（3）两角法：有两组角对应相等的两个三角形相似，进行添加即可．解答：解：∵∠B=∠B（公共角），∴可添加：∠C=∠BAD．此时可利用两角法证明△ABC与△DBA相似．故答案可为：∠C=∠BAD．点评：本题考查了相似三角形的判定，注意掌握相似三角形判定的三种方法，本题答案不唯一．16．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）若关于x的分式方程=﹣2有非负数解，则a的取值范围是a且a．。
英语_2014年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考英语试卷(含答案)
2014年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考英语试卷一、选择题（共30小题，每小题3分，满分90分）1. —Is that ______ key?—No, ______ is over there.A hers; herB hers; hersC her; hers2. ________ desk is long and wide. They like it very much.A Sonia's and Jane'sB Sonia and Jane'sC Sonia and Jane3. He ran ______ to catch the early bus.A fast enoughB quick enoughC enough fast4. In order to find ________ better job in the future, he planned to learn ________second foreign language.A The; aB the; theC a; a5. Oh!Jennifer with her parents _________dinner there．（）A is havingB are havingC have6. —________ can I get the scarf if I order it today?—In a week.A How longB How soonC How often7. My teacher told me that light ______ at high speed.A traveledB would travelC travels8. We Chinese must stop Japanese ________ Diaoyu Island．（）A landing inB landing onC land on9. He made a box _________ the school things．（）A keepB to keepC keeping10. Bob is taller than ________ in his class.A any other boyB any boyC any other boys11. —I want you to talk about the Summer Palace.—I'm sorry, but _______Bill _______ I have been there.A either; orB neither; norC both; and12. It's clever ________ her _________ the math problem easily．（）A of，to solveB for，to solveC of，solving13. "Be patient, boys. You won't find out the answer ________ Mr. Lee's talk ends," said Mr. Black.A IfB untilC as soon as14. ________that pair of ________ a little cheaper？（）A Is，glassesB Is，glassC Are，glasses15. There ______ a party next month．Would you like to go with me？（）A will haveB is going to beC is going to have16. Believe yourself. You're better than ______. You're the best. Wish you success!A anyone elseB someone elseC else anyone17. Why not _______ Miss Gao for help when you can't finish _______ by yourself？（）A ask，writeB tell，writingC ask，writing18. When Bob is sad, he likes wearing orange to ______.A wake himself upB pick himself upC cheer himself up19. When I called the taxi service，I ________ that there was no taxi．（）A were toldB was toldC was telling20. My sister ______ the Youth League for more than two years.A has taken part inB has been inC has joined in21. A number of boys _______ playing outside and the number of the boys in our neighborhood _________ increasing．（）A are，areB is，areC are，is22. I don't think it's a good idea，________？（）A is itB isn't itC do you23. —______ I swim here?—I'm sorry. Children ______ swim here.A Can; mustn'tB May; mustC Must; can't24. ﹣Thank you for your delicious dinner，Mr．Hand．﹣____________．（）A You are welcomeB I'm glad you enjoy itC Not at all25. How kind you are!You are always doing what you can _________ others．（）A helpB helpingC to help26. Who do you think you'd like _____ with you，a boy or a girl？（）A to let to goB letting to goC to let goD let go27. ﹣Excuse me．Could you tell me ________？﹣Sure．It's next to the supermarket．（）A where the cinema isB where is the cinemaC when the cinema opens28. We have two rooms ________，but I don't know．（）A to live，to choose which oneB to live in，which one to chooseC live，which one to choose29.—I'm leaving now.—______ your coat. It's cold outside.A WearB Putting onC Put on30. We don't have enough volunteers to look after the homeless people.At least ______ are needed.A another ten volunteersB more ten volunteersC ten another volunteersⅡ . Cloze test Choose the best answer to complete the passage31. When I was looking for a present for my daughter in a toy store, a （1）________dressed little girl, （2）________some money in her little hand, was looking at some beautiful dolls．When she saw a doll she liked, she would ask her father if she had enough money．He usually said yes．At the same time, a boy, （3）________old and small clothes, was looking at some toy cars．He, too, had money in his hand, but it looked no more than five dollars．Each time he picked up one of （4）________cars and looked at his father, he（5）________his head．The little girl had chosen her doll, （6）________beautiful one．（7）________, she noticed the boy and his father．She saw the boy give up a toy car and walk to an other corner of the store．The little girl put her doll （8）________the shelf and ran over to the toy car．After she talked to her father, she （9）________the toy car and talked to the shop assistant in a low voice．So the boy got the toy car （10）________he wanted for free---the shop assistant told him that it was a prize from the store．He smiled happily, although he felt it was so unbelievable．The girl saw all this happen．She smiled, too．When I walked （11）________the store to go home, I heard the father （12）________his daughter why she had done that．I would （13）________forget their short talk．"Daddy, didn't Grandma want me to buy something that woul d make me （14）________? "He said, "Of course, she did．""Well, I just did!"With that, the little girl started （15）________forward happily．（1）A niceB nicelyC good（2）A withB hasC had（3）A wearsB woreC wearing（4）A the toyB the toysC toy（5）A shakingB shookC shake（6）A very aB a quiteC quite a（7）A HoweverBC Though（8）A back toB backC away（9）A paidB paid forC paying（10）A whatB thatC who（11）A outsideB outC out of（12）A askB askedC to ask（13）A everB alwaysC never（14）A happilyB happyC happiest（15）A ranB runningC run(A)Choose the best response from A to F according to the sentences given. Each choice should be used only once.32. 46．How about doing sports？________47．Don't speak loudly here，please．________48．I'm leaving for Hong Kong with my aunt next week________49．You look beautiful in the pink dress．________50．It's a nice day，isn't it？________A．Yes，let{'}s relax ourselves．B．Good luck!C．Sounds good．D．Sorry，I won{'}t．E．Have a good trip．F．Thank you．(A)Complete the dialogue with proper words or sentences.33. W：Hello．Headmaster's office，this is Mary．M：Hello，Mary．（51）________？W：Hold on，please．Oh，sorry，he has gone to the playground．The sports meeting is going on．（52）________？M：It's very kind of you．It's Miss Wang．She wants to ask for sick leave．W：（53）________？M：She's got a cold，and she's got a high fever．W：（54）________．Has she seen a doctor？M：Yes，the doctor said she was a little serious．He asked her to stay in bed for two days．W：You mean（55）________，right？M：Yes，I'm afraid so．W：Don't worry．I'll leave a message on his desk right away．He will see it as soon as he comes back．M：That would be fine，thank you!W：You are welcome．第二部分阅读理解Ⅳ.Reading comprehension Choose the best topic from A to F according to the meaning of each paragraph.34. 56．Maybe you are moving on to a high school，and maybe there will be plenty of new faces．Or perhaps，you're starting at a totally new school system，where you don't know anybody at all．________57．Whatever your situation is，you're going from being one of the oldest kids at school to one of the youngest．You might be taking classes or doing activities with persons who seem a million times bigger!Remember，these"big kids"were once just like you，and most of them will be friendly and willing to help．If you find yourself in a situation wher e older students are using their size to beat you，tell a teacher in the school．________ 58．Because of the variety（变化）of courses and activities in high school，people are different from each other．Sometimes，people form groups according to what they have in common．________59．Although it's natural to spend time with people who share your interests，try to keep yourself open to everyone．You might discover new people who love the same m usic you do，or have similar taste in movies．________60．A new school and new student body is a good way to learn about people，places，and cultures from all over the world．________A．Don{'}t be afraid of the students who are big in size．B．Try to get along with other people widely．C．Big kids are all friendly．D．People who have the same interest like to get togetherE．A high school is strange to you．F．A good chance to learn the world．35. Recently，a new lifestyle called low carbon（碳）life is spreading every corner of our country．The meanings of low carbon are low energy an d no waste．It is so important a project that I can't wait to express my ideas on how to prom ote（推动）it．First，we should set up a no-car day every week in our school．Because cars not only bring serious air pollution but also waste energy．On the no-car day，neither students nor teachers are allowed to drive to school，just walk or run．Use our legs and enjoy the fun．Second，we had better not use plastic bags．No one can stand the"white pollution"，so it is wise to use cloth bags which can be used again and again．Finally，one thing that we should keep in mind is that every big thing comes from small details（细节）．So，as students，we should turn off the lights the moment we leave，use both sides of paper，and reuse our textbooks and so on．All in all，it weighs greatly for all of us to put the low carbon lifestyle into practice．Just set our mind to these：no-car days，no plastic bags，and no waste．Let's do it now．Judge the following sentences true（T）or false（F）according to the passage．61．Low carbon means low energy and no waste．________62．Cars have nothing to do with air pollution________63．We can walk or run instead of driving to school on a no-car day．________64．Small details can't play any role when we want to do big things．________65．It's very important for us to live a low carbon life from now on．________．（1）If you are hungry，and want to eat something，you should call________．A 6889785．B 6689765 ．C 5886677．（2）Mrs．Smith wants to spend her holiday on the beach．She must take________．A A pair of sports shoes ．B an umbrella ．C a swimming suit．（3）Mr．White wants to watch a car show with his two children．They will spend________．A 36 ． B 28 ． C $ 48．（4）The rock band's first concert will be given at________．A Andersen Cinema．B Golden Hall．C City Park．（5）My son wants to go to Heping Square to play football，he can go there on________．A Monday ．B weekdays．C Saturday and Sunday．37. Each year，some Chinese parents send their children to foreign countries to study．But life may be not easy for young people there．To most children，managing themselves well is a big difficulty when studying by themselves in a foreign countr y．Yu Yang studies in a high school in Toronto，Canada．His teachers almost never give him too much homework．Students have lots of time to do some activities．Some of his friends even spend their whole year's money in the first two months of the new term．So they have to ask their parents for some more money．Stud ying abroad may make some children feel lonely，become bad，lose themselves，etc．Many problems may happen to them．So parents should think them over before their c hildren go to foreign countries．Fill in the blanks according to the passage．Only one word for each blank．Each year，some Chinese parents send their children to foreign countries to study．Life may be （71）________for young people there．To most children，managing themselves well is a big difficulty when studying （72）________in a foreign country．Yu Yang's teachers（73）________give too much homework to him．Some of his friends even spend （74）________the year's money in the first two months of the new term．Studying abroad may （75）________many problems for the students．So parents should think them over before their chil dren go abroad．38. Self reflection（自我反思）is helpful for our study．Some people prefer to do their self reflections mentally（精神地），while others write some notes．Whether written or purely（纯粹地）mental，the course is the same．School textbooks are often divided into units of study．This can ma ke it easier of someone who wants to begin the course of self reflection to get started．Some times you are reminded that the unit is over because there is a test．Use these natural breaks as chances to stop and reflect．Find a quiet place．You can even sit at your desk at schoolor on the sofa in your living room or somewhere else as long as it is quiet．Write some notes on things that you learn in this unit but don't know before．Writing questions will help you remember to continue seeking answers．The next time，you are an expert （专家）in the same topic．Self reflection is a basic skill for a successful student．If you have never t aken time to reflect，try it now．Answer the following questions according to what you read．76．What are the two ways of self reflection？________77．When can we stop and reflect during learning school textbooks？________78．Where is the suitable place to do self reflection？________79．Why does writing questions help you to be an expert？________80．What do you think is important for a student according to the passage？________．第三部分书面表达Ⅴ . Writing39. 假如你是李华，Jim送你一本字典作为生日礼物．它对你的英语学习很有帮助，你非常喜欢它，请给Jim写一封感谢信．年的初中生活即将结束，你与老师和同学之间有很多美好的回忆．请写一件难忘的事．要求：1．词数：80词左右．2．字迹工整，语言流畅，表达准确，逻辑清晰．3．文章内容可适当发挥__________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________2014年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考英语试卷答案1. C2. B3. A4. C5.6. B7. C8. B9. B10. A11. B12. A13. A14. A15. B16. A17. C18. C19. B20. B21. C22. A23. A24. B25. C26. C27. A28. B29. C30. A31. BACABCAABBCACBB32. C,D,E,F,A33. May I speak to the headmaster/Could I speak to the headmaster,May I take a message for him/Can I take a message for him,What's wrong with her/What's the matter （with her）/What's her trouble,I'm sorry to hear that,she wants to have two days off/she will be away fo r two days/she asks for two-day （sick）leave/she asks for two days'leave34. E,A,D,B,F35. T,F,T,F,T36. BCABA37. hard/difficult,alone,seldom/rarely,all,cause38. doing their self reflections mentally and writing some notes,When a unit is over,A quiet pl ace,Because writing questions will help you remember to continue seeking answers,Self refle ction is important for a student39. Dear Jim，Thank you very much for the dictionary you gave me．It's the best present that I have got on my birthday【高分句型】．That's very kind of you．I am learning English these days and it's really a good tool for my English study．I will work hard at English and try my best to learn it well．I believe my English will be better and better．【高分句型】40. Our life in middle school will come to an end soon．There are so many wonderful memor ies that I can't forget．I will always remmember my friend Tom who is a friendly and kind bo y．Once，my legs was badly hurt when I played football during the sports meeting．As a result，I had to stay in bed for one month at home．However，the mid-term exam was coming，so I was very worried．At that time，it was Tom who helped me with my schoolwork after school every day．He not only explaine d my questionsvery carefully but also told jokes to cheer me up．Finally，I passed the exam successfully．When I expressed my great thanks to him，Tom just smiled，"Whenever you are in need，I will always be here for you．"What a great friend！At this every moment I will say goodbye to him，but I will never forget our friendship，I will give him my best wishes．。
【解析版】2013年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔、黑河、大兴安岭中考数学试卷及答案
黑龙江省齐齐哈尔、黑河、大兴安岭2013年中考数学试卷一、单项选择题（每题3分，满分30分）1．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）下列数字中既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的有几个（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个考点：中心对称图形；轴对称图形．分析：根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解．解答：解：第一个数字不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，不符合题意；第二个数字即是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形，符合题意；第三个数字既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形．符合题意；第四个数字是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形，不符合题意．共2个既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形．故选B．点评：掌握中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念．轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴，图形沿对称轴折叠后可重合；中心对称图形关键是要寻找对称中心，图形旋转180°后与原图重合．2．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）下列各式计算正确的是（）A．a2+a2=2a4B．=±3 C．（﹣1）﹣1=1 D．（﹣）2=7考点：负整数指数幂；算术平方根；合并同类项；二次根式的乘除法．分析：分别进行合并同类项、二次根式的化简、负整数指数幂、乘方等运算，然后结合选项选出正确答案即可．解答：解：A、a2+a2=2a2，原式计算错误，故本选项错误；B、=3，原式计算错误，故本选项错误；C、（﹣1）﹣1=﹣1，原式计算错误，故本选项错误；D、（﹣）2=7，原式计算正确，故本选项正确；故选D．点评：本题考查了合并同类项、二次根式的化简、负整数指数幂、乘方等知识，属于基础题，掌握各知识点的运算法则是解题的关键．3．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）如图，是一种古代计时器﹣﹣“漏壶”的示意图，在壶内盛一定量的水，水从壶下的小孔漏出，壶壁内画出刻度，人们根据壶中水面的位置计算时间若用x 表示时间，y表示壶底到水面的高度，下面的图象适合表示一小段时间内y与x的函数关系的是（不考虑水量变化对压力的影响）（）A．B．C．D．考点：函数的图象．分析：由题意知x表示时间，y表示壶底到水面的高度，然后根据x、y的初始位置及函数图象的性质来判断．解答：解：由题意知：开始时，壶内盛一定量的水，所以y的初始位置应该大于0，可以排除A、D；由于漏壶漏水的速度不变，所以图中的函数应该是一次函数，可以排除C选项；故选B．点评：主要考查了函数图象的读图能力和函数与实际问题结合的应用．要能根据函数图象的性质和图象上的数据分析得出函数的类型和所需要的条件，结合实际意义得到正确的结论．4．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）CD是⊙O的一条弦，作直径AB，使AB⊥CD，垂足为E，若AB=10，CD=8，则BE的长是（）A．8B．2C．2或8 D．3或7考点：垂径定理；勾股定理．专题：计算题．分析：连结OC，根据垂径定理得到CE=4，再根据勾股定理计算出OE=3，分类讨论：当点E在半径OB上时，BE=OB﹣OE；当点E在半径OA上时，BE=OB+OE，然后把CE、OE的值代入计算即可．解答：解：如图，连结OC ，∵直径AB⊥CD，∴CE=DE=CD=×8=4，在Rt △OCE中，OC=AB=5，∴OE==3，当点E在半径OB上时，BE=OB﹣OE=5﹣3=2，当点E在半径OA上时，BE=OB+OE=5+3=8，∴BE的长为2或8．故选C．点评：本题考查了垂径定理：平分弦的直径平分这条弦，并且平分弦所对的两条弧．也考查了勾股定理．5．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）甲、乙、丙三个旅游团的游客人数都相等，且每个团游客的平均年龄都是35岁，这三个团游客年龄的方差分别是S甲2=1.4，S乙2=18.8，S丙2=25，导游小方最喜欢带游客年龄相近的团队，若在这三个团中选择一个，则他应选（）A．甲队B．乙队C．丙队D．哪一个都可以考点：方差．分析：根据方差的意义可作出判断．方差是用来衡量一组数据波动大小的量，方差越小，表明这组数据分布比较集中，各数据偏离平均数越小，即波动越小，数据越稳定．解答：解：∵S甲2=1.4，S乙2=18.8，S丙2=25，∴S甲2最小，∴他应选甲对；故选A．点评：本题考查方差的意义．方差是用来衡量一组数据波动大小的量，方差越大，表明这组数据偏离平均数越大，即波动越大，数据越不稳定；反之，方差越小，表明这组数据分布比较集中，各数据偏离平均数越小，即波动越小，数据越稳定．6．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）假期到了，17名女教师去外地培训，住宿时有2人间和3人间可供租住，每个房间都要住满，她们有几种租住方案（）A．5种B．4种C．3种D．2种考点：二元一次方程的应用．分析：设住3人间的需要x间，住2人间的需要y间，根据总人数是17人，列出不定方程，解答即可．解答：解：设住3人间的需要有x间，住2人间的需要有y间，3x+2y=17，因为，2y是偶数，17是奇数，所以，3x只能是奇数，即x必须是奇数，当x=1时，y=7，当x=3时，y=4，当x=5时，y=1，综合以上得知，第一种是：1间住3人的，7间住2人的，第二种是：3间住3人的，4间住2人的，第三种是：5间住3人的，1间住2人的，答：有3种不同的安排．故选：C．点评：此题主要考查了二元一次方程的应用，解答此题的关键是，根据题意，设出未知数，列出不定方程，再根据不定方程的未知数的特点解答即可．7．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象经过点（x1，0）、（2，0），且﹣2＜x1＜﹣1，与y轴正半轴的交点在（0，2）的下方，则下列结论：①abc＜0；②b2＞4ac；③2a+b+1＜0；④2a+c＞0．则其中正确结论的序号是（）A．①②B．②③C．①②④D．①②③④考点：二次函数图象与系数的关系．分析：由于抛物线过点（x1，0）、（2，0），且﹣2＜x1＜﹣1，与y轴正半轴相交，则得到抛物线开口向下，对称轴在y轴右侧，于是可判断a＜0，b＞0，c＞0，所以abc＜0；利用抛物线与x轴有两个交点得到b2﹣4ac＞0，即b2＞4ac；由于x=2时，y=0，即4a+2b+c=0，变形得2a+b+=0，则根据0＜c＜2得2a+b+1＞0；根据根与系数的关系得到2x1=，即x1=，所以﹣2＜＜﹣1，变形即可得到2a+c＞0．解答：解：如图，∵二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象经过点（x1，0）、（2，0），且﹣2＜x1＜﹣1，与y轴正半轴相交，∴a＜0，c＞0，对称轴在y轴右侧，即x=﹣＞0，∴b＞0，∴abc＜0，所以①正确；∵抛物线与x轴有两个交点，∴b2﹣4ac＞0，即b2＞4ac，所以②正确；当x=2时，y=0，即4a+2b+c=0，∴2a+b+=0，∵0＜c＜2，∴2a+b+1＞0，所以③错误；∵二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象经过点（x1，0）、（2，0），∴方程ax2+bx+c=0（a≠0）的两根为x1，2，∴2x1=，即x1=，而﹣2＜x1＜﹣1，∴﹣2＜＜﹣1，∵a＜0，∴﹣4a＞c＞﹣2a，∴2a+c＞0，所以④正确．故选C．点评：本题考查了二次函数的图象与系数的关系：二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象为抛物线，当a＞0，抛物线开口向上；对称轴为直线x=﹣；抛物线与y轴的交点坐标为（0，c）；当b2﹣4ac＞0，抛物线与x轴有两个交点；当b2﹣4ac=0，抛物线与x轴有一个交点；当b2﹣4ac＜0，抛物线与x轴没有交点．8．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）下列说法正确的是（）A．相等的圆心角所对的弧相等B．无限小数是无理数C．阴天会下雨是必然事件D．在平面直角坐标系中，如果位似是以原点为位似中心，相似比为k，那么位似图形对应点的坐标的比等于k或﹣k考点：位似变换；无理数；圆心角、弧、弦的关系；随机事件．分析：根据圆周角定理以及无理数的定义和随机事件的定义和位似图形的性质分别判断得出答案即可．解答：解：A、根据同圆或等圆中相等的圆心角所对的弧相等，故此选项错误；B、根据无限不循环小数是无理数，故此选项错误；C、阴天会下雨是随机事件，故此选项错误；D、根据位似图形的性质得出：在平面直角坐标系中，如果位似是以原点为位似中心，相似比为k，那么位似图形对应点的坐标的比等于k或﹣k，故此选项正确；故选：D．点评：此题主要考查了圆周角定理以及无理数的定义和随机事件的定义和位似图形的性质等知识，熟练掌握相关性质是解题关键．9．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）数形结合是数学中常用的思想方法，试运用这一思想方法确定函数y=x2+1与y=的交点的横坐标x0的取值范围是（）A．0＜x0＜1 B．1＜x0＜2 C．2＜x0＜3 D．﹣1＜x0＜0考点：二次函数的图象；反比例函数的图象专题：数形结合．分析：建立平面直角坐标系，然后利用网格结构作出函数y=x2+1与y=的图象，即可得解．解答：解：如图，函数y=x2+1与y=的交点在第一象限，横坐标x0的取值范围是1＜x0＜2．故选B．点评：本题考查了二次函数图象，反比例函数图象，准确画出大致函数图象是解题的关键，此类题目利用数形结合的思想求解更加简便．10．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）在锐角三角形ABC中，AH是BC边上的高，分别以AB、AC为一边，向外作正方形ABDE和ACFG，连接CE、BG和EG，EG与HA的延长线交于点M，下列结论：①BG=CE ②BG⊥CE ③AM是△AEG的中线④∠EAM=∠ABC，其中正确结论的个数是（）A．4个B．3个C．2个D．1个考点：全等三角形的判定与性质；正方形的性质．分析：根据正方形的性质可得AB=AE，AC=AG，∠BAE=∠CAG=90°，然后求出∠CAE=∠BAG，再利用“边角边”证明△ABG和△AEC全等，根据全等三角形对应边相等可得BG=CE，判定①正确；设BG、CE相交于点N，根据全等三角形对应角相等可得∠ACE=∠AGB，然后求出∠CNG=90°，根据垂直的定义可得BG⊥CE，判定②正确；过点E作EP⊥HA的延长线于P，过点G作GQ⊥AM于Q，根据同角的余角相等求出∠ABH=∠EAP，再利用“角角边”证明△ABH和△EAP全等，根据全等三角形对应角相等可得∠EAM=∠ABC判定④正确，全等三角形对应边相等可得EP=AH，同理可证GQ=AH，从而得到EP=GQ，再利用“角角边”证明△EPM和△GQM 全等，根据全等三角形对应边相等可得EM=GM，从而得到AM是△AEG的中线．解答：解：在正方形ABDE和ACFG中，AB=AE，AC=AG，∠BAE=∠CAG=90°，∴∠BAE+∠BAC=∠CAG+∠BAC，即∠CAE=∠BAG，∵在△ABG和△AEC中，，∴△ABG≌△AEC（SAS），∴BG=CE，故①正确；设BG、CE相交于点N，∵△ABG≌△AEC，∴∠ACE=∠AGB，∵∠NCF+∠NGF=∠ACF+∠AGF=90°+90°=180°，∴∠CNG=360°﹣（∠NCF+∠NGF+∠F）=360°﹣（180°+90°）=90°，∴BG⊥CE，故②正确；过点E作EP⊥HA的延长线于P，过点G作GQ⊥AM于Q，∵AH⊥BC，∴∠ABH+∠BAH=90°，∵∠BAE=90°，∴∠EAP+∠BAH=180°﹣90°=90°，∴∠ABH=∠EAP，∵在△ABH和△EAP中，，∴△ABH≌△EAP（AAS），∴∠EAM=∠ABC，故④正确，EP=AH，同理可得GQ=AH，∴EP=GQ，∵在△EPM和△GQM中，，∴△EPM≌△GQM（AAS），∴EM=GM，∴AM是△AEG的中线，故③正确．综上所述，①②③④结论都正确．故选A．点评：本题考查了正方形的性质的运用，全等三角形的判定及性质的运用，在解答时作辅助线EP⊥HA的延长线于P，过点G作GQ⊥AM于Q构造出全等三角形是难点，运用全等三角形的性质是关键．二、填空题（每题3分，满分30分）11．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）某种病毒近似于球体，它的半径约为0.00000000495米，用科学记数法表示为 4.95×10﹣9米．考点：科学记数法—表示较小的数．分析：绝对值小于1的正数也可以利用科学记数法表示，一般形式为a×10﹣n，与较大数的科学记数法不同的是其所使用的是负指数幂，指数由原数左边起第一个不为零的数字前面的0的个数所决定．解答：解：0.00000000495米用科学记数法表示为4.95×10﹣9．故答案为：4.95×10﹣9．点评：本题考查用科学记数法表示较小的数，一般形式为a×10﹣n，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为由原数左边起第一个不为零的数字前面的0的个数所决定．12．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）小明“六•一”去公园玩儿投掷飞镖的游戏，投中图中阴影部分有奖（飞镖盘被平均分成8分），小明能获得奖品的概率是．考点：几何概率．分析：根据概率的意义解答即可．解答：解：∵飞镖盘被平均分成8分，阴影部分占3块，∴小明能获得奖品的概率是．故答案为：．点评：本题考查了几何概率，用到的知识点为：概率=相应的面积与总面积之比．13．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）函数y=﹣（x﹣2）0中，自变量x的取值范围是x≥0且x≠3且x≠2．考点：函数自变量的取值范围；零指数幂．分析：根据被开方数大于等于0，分母不等于0，零指数幂的底数不等于0列式计算即可得解．解答：解：根据题意得，x≥0且x﹣3≠0且x﹣2≠0，解得x≥0且x≠3且x≠2．故答案为：x≥0且x≠3且x≠2．点评：本题考查的知识点为：分式有意义，分母不为0；二次根式的被开方数是非负数；零指数幂的底数不等于零．14．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）圆锥的母线长为6cm，底面周长为5πcm，则圆锥的侧面积为15πcm2．考点：圆锥的计算．分析：圆锥的侧面积：S侧=•2πr•l=πrl，代入计算即可．解答：解：S侧=•2πr•l=5π×6=15πcm2．故答案为：15πcm2．点评：本题考查了圆锥的计算，解答本题的关键是熟练记忆圆锥侧面积的计算方法．15．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）如图，要使△ABC与△DBA相似，则只需添加一个适当的条件是∠C=∠BAD（填一个即可）考点：相似三角形的判定．专题：开放型．分析：根据相似三角形的判定：（1）三边法：三组对应边的比相等的两个三角形相似；（2）两边及其夹角法：两组对应边的比相等且夹角对应相等的两个三角形相似；（3）两角法：有两组角对应相等的两个三角形相似，进行添加即可．解答：解：∵∠B=∠B（公共角），∴可添加：∠C=∠BAD．此时可利用两角法证明△ABC与△DBA相似．故答案可为：∠C=∠BAD．点评：本题考查了相似三角形的判定，注意掌握相似三角形判定的三种方法，本题答案不唯一．16．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）若关于x的分式方程=﹣2有非负数解，则a的取值范围是a且a．考点：分式方程的解分析：将a看做已知数，表示出分式方程的解，根据解为非负数列出关于a的不等式，求出不等式的解集即可得到a的范围．解答：解：分式方程去分母得：2x=3a﹣4（x﹣1），移项合并得：6x=3a+4，解得：x=，∵分式方程的解为非负数，∴≥0且﹣1≠0，解得：a≥﹣且a≠．故答案为：a且a．点评：此题考查了分式方程的解，分式方程的解即为能使方程左右两边相等的未知数的值，本题注意x﹣1≠0这个隐含条件．17．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）如图所示是由若干个完全相同的小正方体搭成的几何体的主视图和俯视图．则这个几何体可能是由6或7或8个正方体搭成的．考点：由三视图判断几何体分析：易得这个几何体共有3层，由俯视图可得第一层立方体的个数，由主视图可得第二、三层立方体的可能的个数，相加即可．解答：解：综合主视图和俯视图，这个几何体的底层有4个小正方体，第二层最少有1个，最多有2个，第三层最少有1个，最多有2个，因此搭成这样的一个几何体至少需要小正方体木块的个数为：4+1+1=6个，至多需要小正方体木块的个数为：4+2+2=8个，即这个几何体可能是由6或7或8个正方体搭成的．故答案为：6或7或8．点评：此题主要考查了几何体的三视图，考查学生对三视图掌握程度和灵活运用能力，同时也体现了对空间想象能力方面的考查．如果掌握口诀“俯视图打地基，正视图疯狂盖，左视图拆违章”就更容易得到答案．18．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）请运用你喜欢的方法求tan75°=2+．考点：解直角三角形．专题：计算题．分析：先作△BCD，使∠C=90°，∠DBC=30°，延长CB到A，使AB=BD，连接AD，得出∠ADC=75°，设CD=x，用含x的代数式表示出AB、BD、BC，进一步表示出AC．根据tan∠ADC=tan75°=AC：CD求解．解答：解：如图，作△BCD，使∠C=90°，∠DBC=30°，延长CB到A，使AB=BD，连接AD．∵AB=BD，∴∠A=∠ADB．∵∠DBC=30°=2∠A，∴∠A=15°，∠ADC=75°．设CD=x，∴AB=BD=2CD=2x，BC=CD=x，∴AC=AB+BC=（2+）x，∴tan∠ADC=tan75°=AC：CD=2+．故答案为2+．点评：此题考查了解直角三角形的知识，解题的关键是作出含75°角的直角三角形，然后在直角三角形中求解，要求学生有较强逻辑推理能力和运算能力．19．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）正方形ABCD中，AC、BD相交于点O，点E是射线AB上一点，点F是直线AD上一点，BE=DF，连接EF交线段BD于点G，交AO于点H．若AB=3，AG=，则线段EH的长为或．考点：相似三角形的判定与性质；正方形的性质专题：分类讨论．分析：由EF与线段BD相交，可知点E、F位于直线BD的两侧，因此有两种情形，需要分类讨论．以答图1为例，首先证明△EMG≌△FDG，得到点G为Rt△AEF斜边上的中点，则求出EF=2AG=2；其次，在Rt△AEF中，利用勾股定理求出BE或DF的长度；然后在Rt△DFK中解直角三角形求出DK的长度，从而得到CK的长度，由AB∥CD，列比例式求出AH的长度；最后作HN∥AE，列出比例式求出EH的长度．解答：解：由EF与线段BD相交，可知点E、F位于直线BD的两侧，因此有两种情形，如下：①点E在线段AB上，点F在线段AD延长线上，依题意画出图形，如答图1所示：过点E作EM⊥AB，交BD于点M，则EM∥AF，△BEM为等腰直角三角形，∵EM∥AF，∴∠EMG=∠FDG，∠GEM=∠F；∵△BEM为等腰直角三角形，∴EM=BE，∵BE=DF，∴EM=DF．在△EMG与△FDG中，∴△EMG≌△FDG（ASA），∴EG=FG，即G为EF的中点，∴EF=2AG=2．（直角三角形斜边上的中线长等于斜边长的一半）设BE=DF=x，则AE=3﹣x，AF=3+x，在Rt△AEF中，由勾股定理得：AE2+AF2=EF2，即（3﹣x）2+（3+x）2=（2）2，解得x=1，即BE=DF=1，∴AE=2，AF=4，∴tan∠F=．设EF与CD交于点K，则在Rt△DFK中，DK=DF•tan∠F=，∴CK=CD﹣DK=．∵AB∥CD，∴，∵AC=AH+CH=3，∴AH=AC=．过点H作HN∥AE，交AD于点N，则△ANH为等腰直角三角形，∴AN=AH=．∵HN∥AE，∴，即，∴EH=；②点E在线段AB的延长线上，点F在线段AD上，依题意画出图形，如答图2所示：同理可求得：EH=．综上所述，线段EH的长为或．故答案为：或．点评：本题是几何综合题，考查相似三角形的综合运用，难度较大．解题关键是：第一，读懂题意，由EF与线段BD相交，可知点E、F位于直线BD的两侧，因此有两种情形，需要分类讨论，分别计算；第二，相似三角形比较多，需要理清头绪；第三，需要综合运用相似三角形、全等三角形、正方形、勾股定理、等腰直角三角形的相关性质．20．（3分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）如图，蜂巢的横截面由正六边形组成，且能无限无缝隙拼接，称横截面图形由全等正多边形组成，且能无限无缝隙拼接的多边形具有同形结构．若已知具有同形结构的正n边形的每个内角度数为α，满足：360=kα（k为正整数），多边形外角和为360°，则k关于边数n的函数是k=（n=3，4，6）或k=2+（n=3，4，6）（写出n的取值范围）考点：正多边形和圆；多边形内角与外角．专题：规律型；分类讨论．分析：先根据n边形的内角和为（n﹣2）•180°及正n边形的每个内角相等，得出α=，再代入360=kα，即可求出k关于边数n的函数关系式，然后根据k为正整数求出n的取值范围．解答：解：∵n边形的内角和为（n﹣2）•180°，∴正n边形的每个内角度数α=，∵360=kα，∴k•=360，∴k=．∵k===2+，k为正整数，∴n﹣2=1，2，±4，∴n=3，4，6，﹣2，又∵n≥3，∴n=3，4，6．即k=（n=3，4，6）．故答案为k=（n=3，4，6）．点评：本题考查了n边形的内角和公式，正n边形的性质及分式的变形，根据正n边形的性质求出k关于边数n的函数关系式是解题的关键．三、解答题（满分60分）21．（5分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）先化简，再求值：÷（a﹣），其中a、b满足式子|a﹣2|+（b﹣）2=0．考点：分式的化简求值；非负数的性质：绝对值；非负数的性质：偶次方．专题：计算题．分析：把括号内的异分母分式通分并相减，然后把除法转化为乘法运算并进行约分，再根据非负数性质列式求出a、b的值，然后代入化简后的式子进行计算即可得解．解答：解：÷（a﹣），=÷，=•，=，∵|a﹣2|+（b﹣）2=0，∴a﹣2=0，b﹣=0，解得a=2，b=，所以，原式==2+．点评：本题考查了分式的化简求值，分子、分母能因式分解的先因式分解；除法要统一为乘法运算．22．（6分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）如图所示，在△OAB中，点B的坐标是（0，4），点A的坐标是（3，1）．（1）画出△OAB向下平移4个单位长度、再向左平移2个单位长度后的△O1A1B1（2）画出△OAB绕点O逆时针旋转90°后的△OA2B2，并求出点A旋转到A2所经过的路径长（结果保留π）考点：作图-旋转变换；作图-平移变换．分析：（1）根据平移的性质得出对应点坐标即可得出答案；（2）根据旋转的性质得出对应点坐标，进而利用弧长公式求出即可．解答：解：（1）如图所示：△O1A1B1，即为所求；（2）如图所示：△OA2B2，即为所求，∵AO==，∴点A旋转到A2所经过的路径长为：=π．点评：此题主要考查了旋转变换以及平移变换和弧长计算公式，根据图形变化性质得出对应点坐标是解题关键．23．（6分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）如图，已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象经过点A（﹣4，0），B（﹣1，3），C（﹣3，3）（1）求此二次函数的解析式；（2）设此二次函数的对称轴为直线l，该图象上的点P（m，n）在第三象限，其关于直线l 的对称点为M，点M关于y轴的对称点为N，若四边形OAPN的面积为20，求m、n的值．考点：二次函数综合题．分析：（1）因为抛物线y=﹣x2+bx+c过点A（﹣4，0），B（﹣1，3），C（﹣3，3）代入求出其解析式即可；（2）由题可知，M、N点坐标分别为（﹣4﹣m，n），（m+4，n），根据四边形OAPF 的面积为20，从而求出其m，n的值．解答：解：（1）将A（﹣4，0），B（﹣1，3），C（﹣3，3）代入y=ax2+bx+c得：解得：a=﹣1，b=﹣4，c=0故此二次函数的解析式为y=﹣4x2﹣4x；（2）由题可知，M、N点坐标分别为（﹣4﹣m，n），（m+4，n）．四边形OAPF的面积=（OA+FP）÷2×|n|=20，即4|n|=20，∴|n|=5．∵点P（m，n）在第三象限，∴n=﹣5，所以﹣m2﹣4m+5=0，解答m=﹣5或m=1（舍去）．故所求m、n的值分别为﹣5，﹣5．点评：此题主要考查二次函数的综合知识，此题是一道综合题，注意第二问难度比较大．24．（7分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）齐齐哈尔市教育局非常重视学生的身体健康状况，为此在体育考试中对部分学生的立定跳远成绩进行了调查（分数为整数，满分100分），根据测试成绩（最低分为53分）分别绘制了如下统计表和统计图．（如图）分数59.5分以下59.5分以上69.5分以上79.5以上89.5以上人数 3 42 32 20 8（1）被抽查的学生为45人．（2）请补全频数分布直方图．（3）若全市参加考试的学生大约有4500人，请估计成绩优秀的学生约有多少人？（80分及80分以上为优秀）（4）若此次测试成绩的中位数为78分，请直接写出78.5～89.5分之间的人数最多有多少人？．考点：频数（率）分布直方图；用样本估计总体；中位数分析：（1）根据图中所列的表，参加测试的总人数为59.5分以上和59.5分以下的和；（2）根据直方图，再根据总人数，即可求出在76.5﹣84.5分这一小组内的人数；（3）根据成绩优秀的学生所占的百分比，再乘以4500即可得出成绩优秀的学生数；（4）根据中位数的定义得出78分以上的人数，再根据图表得出89.5分以上的人数，两者相减即可得出答案．解答：解：（1）∵59.5分以上的有42人，59.5分以下的3人，∴这次参加测试的总人数为3+42=45（人）；（2）∵总人数是45人，∴在76.5﹣84.5这一小组内的人数为：45﹣3﹣7﹣10﹣8﹣5=12人；补图如下：（3）根据题意得：×4500=2000（人），答：成绩优秀的学生约有2000人．（4）∵共有45人，中位数是第23个人的成绩，中位数为78分，∴78分以上的人数是9+8+5=22（人），∵89.5分以上的有8人，∴78.5～89.5分之间的人数最多有22﹣8=14（人）．故答案为：45．点评：本题考查读频数分布直方图的能力和利用统计图获取信息的能力．利用统计图获取信息时，必须认真观察、分析、研究统计图，才能作出正确的判断和解决问题．25．（8分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）甲乙两车分别从A、B两地相向而行，甲车出发1小时后乙车出发，并以各自速度匀速行驶，两车相遇后依然按照原速度原方向各自行驶，如图所示是甲乙两车之间的距离S（千米）与甲车出发时间t（小时）之间的函数图象，其中D点表示甲车到达B地，停止行驶．（1 ）A、B两地的距离560千米；乙车速度是100km/h；a表示．（2）乙出发多长时间后两车相距330千米？考点：一次函数的应用．专题：分类讨论．分析：（1）根据图象，甲出发时的S值即为A、B两地间的距离；先求出甲车的速度，然后设乙车的速度为xkm/h，再利用相遇问题列出方程求解即可；然后求出相遇后甲车到达B地的时间，再根据路程=速度×时间求出两车的相距距离a即可；（2）设直线BC的解析式为S=k1t+b1（k1≠0），利用待定系数法求出直线BC的解析式，再令S=330，求出t的值，减去1即为相遇前乙车出发的时间；设直线CD的解析式为S=k2t+b2（k2≠0），利用待定系数法求出直线CD的解析式，再令S=330，求出t的值，减去1即为相遇后乙车出发的时间．解答：解：（1）t=0时，S=560，所以，A、B两地的距离为560千米；甲车的速度为：（560﹣440）÷1=120km/h，设乙车的速度为xkm/h，则（120+x）×（3﹣1）=440，解得x=100；相遇后甲车到达B地的时间为：（3﹣1）×100÷120=小时，所以，a=（120+100）×=千米；（2）设直线BC的解析式为S=k1t+b1（k1≠0），将B（1，440），C（3，0）代入得，，解得，所以，S=﹣220t+660，当﹣220t+660=330时，解得t=1.5，所以，t﹣1=1.5﹣1=0.5；直线CD的解析式为S=k2t+b2（k2≠0），点D的横坐标为+3=，将C（3，0），D（，）代入得，，解得，所以，S=220t﹣660，当220t﹣660=330时，解得t=4.5，所以，t﹣1=4.5﹣1=3.5，答：乙出发多长0.5小时或3.5小时后两车相距330千米．点评：本题考查了一次函数的应用，主要利用了路程、速度、时间三者之间的关系，准确识图并获取信息是解题的关键，（2）要分相遇前和相遇后两种情况讨论．26．（8分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）已知等腰三角形ABC中，∠ACB=90°，点E在AC边的延长线上，且∠DEC=45°，点M、N分别是DE、AE的中点，连接MN交直线BE于点F．当点D在CB边上时，如图1所示，易证MF+FN=BE（1）当点D在CB边上时，如图2所示，上述结论是否成立？若成立，请给与证明；若不成立，请写出你的猜想，并说明理由．（2）当点D在BC边的延长线上时，如图3所示，请直接写出你的结论．（不需要证明）考点：全等三角形的判定与性质；直角三角形斜边上的中线；等腰直角三角形．分析：（1）首先对结论作出否定，写出猜想FN﹣MF=BE，连接AD，根据M、N分别是DE、AE的中点，可得MN=AD，再根据题干条件证明△ACD≌△BCE，得出AD=BE，结合MN=FN﹣MF，于是证明出猜想．（2）连接AD，根据M、N分别是DE、AE的中点，可得MN=AD，再根据题干条件证明△ACD≌△BCE，得出AD=BE，结合MN=FM﹣FN，得到结论MF﹣FN=BE．解答：（1）答：不成立，猜想：FN﹣MF=BE，理由如下：证明：如图2，连接AD，∵M、N分别是DE、AE的中点，∴MN=AD，又∵在△ACD与△BCE中，，∴△ACD≌△BCE（SAS），∴AD=BE，∵MN=FN﹣MF，∴FN﹣MF=BE；（2）图3结论：MF﹣FN=BE，证明：如图3，连接AD，∵M、N分别是DE、AE的中点，∴MN=AD，∵在△ACD与△BCE中，，∴△ACD≌△BCE（SAS），∴AD=BE，∴MN=BE，∵MN=FM﹣FN，∴MF﹣FN=BE．点评：本题主要考查全等三角形的判定与性质的知识点，解答本题的关键是会用类比的方法去解决问题，本题难度不是很大，答题的时候需要一定的耐心．27．（10分）（2013•齐齐哈尔）在国道202公路改建工程中，某路段长4000米，由甲乙两个工程队拟在30天内（含30天）合作完成，已知两个工程队各有10名工人（设甲乙两个工程队的工人全部参与生产，甲工程队每人每天的工作量相同，乙工程队每人每天的工作量相同），甲工程队1天、乙工程队2天共修路200米；甲工程队2天，乙工程队3天共修路350米．（1）试问甲乙两个工程队每天分别修路多少米？（2）甲乙两个工程队施工10天后，由于工作需要需从甲队抽调m人去学习新技术，总部要求在规定时间内完成，请问甲队可以抽调多少人？（3）已知甲工程队每天的施工费用为0.6万元，乙工程队每天的施工费用为0.35万元，要使该工程的施工费用最低，甲乙两队需各做多少天？最低费用为多少？考点：一次函数的应用；二元一次方程组的应用；一元一次不等式的应用．分析：（1）设甲队每天修路x米，乙队每天修路y米，然后根据两队修路的长度分别为200米和350米两个等量关系列出方程组，然后解方程组即可得解；（2）根据甲队抽调m人后两队所修路的长度不小于4000米，列出一元一次不等式，然后求出m的取值范围，再根据m是正整数解答；（3）设甲工程队修a天，乙工程队修b天，根据所修路的长度为4000米列出方程整理并用a表示出b，再根据0≤b≤30表示出a的取值范围，再根据总费用等于两队的费。
2015年中考真题精品解析 英语(黑龙江黑河、齐齐哈尔市、大兴安岭卷)精编word版(解析版)
考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟2.全卷共五道大题，总分120分3.使用答题卡的考生,请将答案填写在答题卡的指定位置题号第一部分语言知识运用(共计65分)I.M ultiple choice(本题共30分, 每小题1分)Choose the best answer from A、B or C according to the meaning of the sentence.1.I have an _ for breakfast every day.A.eggB.bananaC.apple2.- Who taught _ skating?- Nobody. I learnt it by_ .A. your, myselfB. you, meC. you, myself3.They are going to buy a house _ a garden and a garage.A.inB.withC.at【答案】B4. -Do you know the girls who are in the living room?-Yes, they are my classmates. They are celebrating Lucy's _ birthday.A .thirteen B. the thirteenth C. thirteenth5.I found_ not very easy_ to ride a bike.A.that, learnB. it, to learn .C. that, to learn6. _kids learn to be independent,_ it is for their future.A. Earlier, betterB. The earlier, the betterC. The earliest, the best【考点定位】考查比较等级。
7.She lived_ in a small village, but she didn't feel _ .A. 1onely,lonelyB. alone, lonelyC. lonely, alone8.Everyone in a car must wear the seat belt in the new_ law.A. educationB. foodC. traffic9.Either you _your sister _because one of you must stay at home.A. or, goesB. nor, goC. or, go10. - Could I invite my friends t o a party?- Yes, of course you _ .A. canB. couldC. must【答案】Al1.- I have so many after-school classes that I don't have enough time to rest.- Why don't you _ to your parents?A. talkingB. to talkC. talk12._ amazing news we were told!A. What anB.HowC. What13. 一_ do you eat fast food?- Twice a week.A. How longB. How soonC. How often指的是动作发生的频率。