英美概况习题答案
（完整版）英美国家概况课后题及答案
（完整版）英美国家概况课后题及答案Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)1. The D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic2.By the late 7th century, D became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of B .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great4.The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law5.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster6.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effo rt toA .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church7.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between B .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians8. A was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the Ccentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th10.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of theD century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20thChapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of theBritish government.(F)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are muchsimilar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)1. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three ofthe following branches with the exception of the C .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive2.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on D .A.passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude3.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to B the Houseof Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect4.British Cabinet works on the principle of A .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals5.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to B .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet6.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held everyC years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six7. C has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland8.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a B system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party9.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism andD .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism10.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it A .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD.enhanced the economic development Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain'sdemand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry hasa long history.(F)10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)1. The British economy achieved global dominance by the C .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s2.In B , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 19483.The A in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy inBritain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem4.Of the following practices, C does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions5.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects exceptD .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality6.Britain has devoted C of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%7.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except D .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland8.Coal mining industry in Britain provides B of the energy consumed inthe country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/39.The car industry in Britain in mostly A .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned10.Of the following sectors in Britain, C has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of Word War II.A. AgricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD.manufacturing industry Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)/doc/314914325.html,cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F)3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)1. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the D .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s2.About B of British children receive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%3.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receivetheir remaining funds from all the following sources except B .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD.corporate contributions4.Of the following, A is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’suniversities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references5.To be admitted to the Open University, one need B .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD.General National V ocationalQualifications6.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “BigThree” with the exception of C .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph7.Life on Earth is a kind of C program produced by the BBC and ispopular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera8. D is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB9.Of the following, D is NOT a common feature of all the Britishholidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas10.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except A .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomimeChapter 91.America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T)2.The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F)3.The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T)4.Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F)5.During Clinton's term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate of unemployment.(T)6.In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T)7.According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on September11,2001.(F)8.The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "axis of evil".(T)9.On March 19,2003,American and United Nation's troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(F)10.Although the combat operations in Iraq are over, it is still hard for America to decide when to withdraw its army.(T)1.The first successful English colony in North America wasfounded at C in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia2.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of B who came to America to avoidpersecution in England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians3.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the C .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians4.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of D .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies5.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in B .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston6.In May 1775, B was held in Philadelphia and began toassume thefunctions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation7.Abraham Lincoln issued C to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights8.The policy of the United States was A at the beginning of the two worldwars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement9.President C applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy10.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms of Presidents D .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson Chapter 101.Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787.(F)2.The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.(T)3.The U.S. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.(F)4.Certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress.(T)5.The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.(T)6.Like Britain, the United States has a two--party system.(T)7.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.(F)8.American presidential campaign adheres to the "winner-take-all" practice.(T)9.American foreign policy throughout the World War II was neutrality.(F)10.American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.(T)1.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in B .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17932.The Constitution of the United States C .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Rights B .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution4.The following except B are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes5.All the following except C cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President6.The following except C are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders7.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be D .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above8.The terms for a Senator and Representative are D and yearsrespectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two9.The Supreme Court is composed of D justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine10.The President is directly voted into office by C .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives Chapter 111.America is the world's largest industrial nation.(T)2.America has a mixed economy and the government has little control over businesses.(F)3.Charter companies contributed to Britain's successful colonization of the U.S.(T)4.In the U.S. Constitution, the recognition of the importance of "intellectual property" could be identified.(T)5.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantation in the South made more profits from selling their agriculture products.(F)6.President Roosevelt's New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s.(F)7.The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American businesses.(F)8.American agricultural exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.(T)9.Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.(T)10.The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade.(F)1.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except C .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2.The modern American economy progressed from C to , andeventually, to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy3.Chartered companies were NOT granted the D by the British King orQueen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority4.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge ofD .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton5.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except D .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator6.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing variousprograms like the following except D .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension7.About B of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth8.The following statements are all true except B .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural importsand exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations tomultinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.9. D is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A.FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors10.At present, U. S. exports account for A of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25% Chapter 12/doc/314914325.html,cation is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.(T)2.All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.(T)3.The first formal academic institution that a child attends is called kindergarten.(F)4.After 12 years of schooling, American students receive a bachelor's degree at graduation.(F)5.When selecting a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.(T)6.In American institutions, a board of trustees composed of professionals is responsible for the administration.(F) /doc/314914325.html,ually, anundergraduate student has to earn 120 credits to receive a degree.(T)8.Yale university is the second eldest institution of higher learning in the United States.(F)9.It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972 through the efforts of two reporters.(F)10.Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.(F)1.Formal education in the United States consists of C , secondary andhigher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private2.Of the following subjects, B are NOT offered to elementary schoolstudents.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education3.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of B .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University4.Of the following, B are NOT among the categories of American highereducation.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges5.Of the following, D is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees inU. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll6.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do thefollowing except C .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits7.Of the following universities, B has NOT cultivated any AmericanPresident yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University8. B is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has areputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News9.Of the following, B is NOT among the three major radio and TVnetworks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public BroadcastingService (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American BroadcastingSystem (ABS)10.The National Day of the United States falls on B .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th。
英美概况部分课后习题及答案
How did morden development in Europe inflence the settlement of north America coloniesAn:The English permanent settlements in north America began in the 17th century when wetern Europe was undergoing great changes.By the 16th century ,some new and powerful social forces began to emerge which led to the awakening of Europe and the discovery of America .The first new force was the development of captalism The next major force that brought about the modern development of Europe Revolution was the Renaissance .The third influential orce was the Religious Reformation,a religious reform movement that started from Germany.Against the background of those emerging new forces,the 13 English colonies that would become the United States of America were planted in North America.What were some of the causes of the America RevolutionAn:Internal reason：By the early 1760s,the 13 English colonies in North America had developed a similar American pattern in politics,economy and culture life and enjoyed the same frontier environment,The English people and Europeans had become Americans and they were ready to separate themselves from the Old World;External reason:1As a result,the British government began to charge new taxes on sugar,coffee,textiles and other imported goods.2After the Seven Y ear’s War .The Quartering Act passsed by British Parliament forced the colonies the house and feed British soldiers.Main contents of the ConstitutionAn:1The Constitution set up a federal systerm with a strong central government.2The Constitution also called for the election of a national leader or president.3It provided that federal laws would be made only by a Congress made up of representatives elected by the people.4It provided for national court systerm headed by a Supreme CourtThe characteristics of the constitution of the United StatesAn:1Checks and Balance:Each branch has powers that the others do not have and each branch has a way of counteracting and limiting any wrongful action by another branch.2Sharing power:the Constitution specified exactly what power the central government had and which power was reserved for the states.What are the great changes which the industrial revolution brought the AmericaAn:After the Independence War America was mainly an argriculture country.But the Industrial Revolution that started in England during the 18th century did not take long to cross the Atlantic.It brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860.1One key development was the introduction of the factory systerm.2A second development was the “American systerm”of mass production which originated in the development was the application of new technologies the industrial tasks.4A forth development was the emergency of new of business organization,notably the bank and the corporation,which facilitated the growth of industry.5Finally,the construction of railroads beginning in the 1830s,marked the start of a new era for the United States.The advantages of corporationAn:1Unlike those types of business,the corporation survived the death of its founder or founders.2Because it could draw on a pool of investors,it was a much more efficient tool or raising the large amount of capital needed by expanding business.3As it finally evolved,it enjoyed limited liability,so investors risked only the amount of their investment and not their entire assets.In what way do you think that religious freedom was a historical necessity in the United StatesAn: in America, religious freedom has its historic tradition,swhich can be dated back to the colonial era among such early colonies as new England,Marryland and Pennsyluania.People came to this colonies maily because they wanted to escape religious persecution and pursued religious freedom.In the 16th ,17th ,there were some religious reformation which influenced America ter in the 1791,the Bill of Rights guaranteed Americans religious freedom was a historical necessity in the United States.What are some of the features in religious that are particularly AmericanAn: Some phenomena in American religion are uniquely American.1First of all ,American with different religious live toghether under the same law.2Secongly,the religious beliefs of American continue to be strong with social progress.3Thirdly,in the United States every church is a completely independence organization,and concerned with its own finance and its own building.Some qualification for American students to enter a universityAn: Successful applicants at such cilleges are usually chosen on the basis of 1.their high school records2.recommendations from their high school teachers3.the impression they make during interviews at the university4.their scores on the Scholstic Aptitude Test (SA Ts)What is the naturalism.List at least 3 novelists and their worksAn:The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thoughts and the influence of the 19th century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of raslism :American naturalism.In a word ,naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious and less aympathetic but more ironic and more pessimistic.1Stephen Crane <The Red Badge of Courage>,<Maggie>,<A Girl of The Street>;2Theodore Dreiser <Sister Carrie>,<The Titan>,<The American Tragedy>;3Upton Sinclair<The Jungle>。
王俊生最新英美概况课后答案
王俊生最新英美概况课后答案1、The（）attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A.NormanB.DanishC.CelticD.Germanic答案：D2、By the late 7th century,（）became the dominant religion in England.A.Celtic ChristianityB.Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC.Germanic ChristianityD.Roman Christianity答案：D3、Westminster Abbey was built at the time of（）.A.St.AugustineB.Edward the ConfessorC.William the ConquerorD.Alfred the Great答案：B4、The（）marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A.Viking invasionB.signing of the Maana CaratC.Norman ConquestD.Adoption of common law答案：C5、The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule（）.A.the House of ValoisB.the House of YorkC.the House of TudorD.the House of Lancaster答案：C6、The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry Vicki's effort to（）.A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantsD.declare his supreme power over the church答案：A7、The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between（）.A.Protestants and PuritansB.Royalists and ParliamentariansC.nobles and peasantsD.aristocrats and Christians答案：B8、（）was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.Bill of RightsB.Act of SupremacyC.Provisions of OxfordD.Maana Carat答案：A。
英美概况课后答案
UNIT 31.What is an American?He is either a European, or the descendant of a European, hence that strange mixture of blood, which you will find in no other country. He is an American, who leaving behind hi m all his ancient prejudices and manners, receives new ones from the new mode of life h e has embraced, the new government he obeys, and the new rank he holds. ... Here indiv iduals of all nations are melted into a new race of men, whose labors and posterity will on e day cause great changes in the world. ... The American is a new man, who acts new pri nciples; he must therefore entertain new ideas, and form new opinions.CommentI agree with him, His opinion of the United States is quite high, In explaining his love for America, and what he feels it means to be "an American".Americans are eager to learn new knowledge and try new things. They don’t hold old principles and have independent thinking, opinions and values. They just be themselves and do the things they like without much consideration. They are adaptable, efficient and creative.4 . In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?A. Today, Puritans are no longer in existence. But their legacies are still felt in American s ociety and culture. For example, the Puritans hoped to build "a city upon hill" an ideal co mmunity. Since that time, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nations. This sense of mission has been very strong in the minds of many Americans.B. The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. The American val ues such as individualism, hard work, respect of education owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.Unit43. What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the U.S. gov ernment? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other?A 1.-- the legislative branch is made up of elected representatives from all of the states a nd is the only branch that can make federal laws, levy federal taxes and declare war or p ut foreign treaties into effect. It consists of a Congress that is divided into the House of Re presentative and the Senate. The House of Representatives has 435 members who serv e two-year terms. The Senate comprises 100 lawmakers who serve six-year terms. Each state, regardless of population, has two senators.2.--- the executive branch is the president, who is elected to a four-year term. A president can be elected to only two terms according to an amendment passed in 1951. The presid ent can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur. He is the commander in chief of the ar med forces. The president has other broad authorities in running the government departm ents and handling foreign relations.3.--- the judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court with a chief justice and 8 associ ate justices. The Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitutio n and other cases which do not arise out of individual states. The Supreme Court has the judicial review power, the power determining whether congressional legislation or executi ve action violates the Constitution.B. 1.If Congress proposes a law that the president thinks is unwise, the president can vet o it.2. If Congress passes a law which is then challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no long er in effect.3. The president has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appoin tments to federal positions, including the position of Supreme Court justice. The Senate, however, must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become offic ial. In this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwise appointments .3. What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the U.S. gov ernment? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other? If Congress proposes a law that the president thinks is unwise, the president can veto it. That means the proposal does not become law. Congress can enact the law despite the p resident's views only if two-thirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of it. If Con gress passes a law which isthen challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Suprem e Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in effect .The president has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appointm ents to federal positions, including the position of Supreme Court justice. The Senate, ho wever, must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become official. In this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwise appointments 4．What is the Bill of Rights? Do you think that it was necessary to write the Bill of Rights explicitly into the U.S. Constitution?The Bill of Rights: the first 10 amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were added within two years of the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. These amendments rema in intact today, as they were written two centuries ago. The first guarantees freedom of w orship, speech and press,the right of peaceful assembly, and the right to petition the gove rnment to correct wrongs. The Bill of Rights and subsequent constitutional amendments g uarantee the American people the fullest possible opportunity to enjoy fundamental huma n rights.5 What are the two political parties in the United States? Do you think they are fund amentally different?the United States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, which evol ved out of Thomas Jefferson's party, formed before 1800. The symbol of the party is the d onkey. The other is the Republican Party, which was formed in the 1850s, by people in th e states of the North and West, such as Abraham Lincoln, who wanted the government to prevent the expansion of slavery into new states then being admitted to the union. The s ymbol of the Republican Party is the elephant.UNIT 51. Do you agree that cultivators of the earth are most valuable citizen?Yes, I do agree the point that ―cultivators of the earth are the most valuable citizens‖. My reasons for my agreement can be illustrated as follows:Firstly, though outward forms have changed, the vital importance of agriculture has not. A griculture provides the sustenance that meets people‘s most basic needs. Agriculture and its related industres serve as the foundation of American economic life, accounting for a l arger portion of the United States‘ GNP than any other endeavor. Besides, agriculture repr esents a bond of continuity between present and past. Therefore, cultivators of the earth who contribute a lot to agriculture are important and valuable. Secondly, cultivators of the earth are the most vigorous, the most independent, the most virtuous. They have shown a spirit of individualism and egalitarianism that the rest of society has admired. To a large extent, agricultural values have been adopted and celebrated by the society as a whole. Thirdly, American agriculture is big business. It provides the rest world with lots of food. S o as the main body of agriculture, cultivators of the earth contributes a lot to American‘s e conomic.3. Give examples of industries which are declining, and industries which are fast d eveloping in theUS.Generally speaking, declining industries would be industries where labor cost is high and its growth potential is limited. The Auto industry is in a declining state but of course if they reinvent their automobiles things could pick up for them. Developing industries would be the hi tech sector. Especially in companies that are developing new types of technology t o help our environment by developing new types of technology in many areas. Especially energy conservation technology and new types of alternative energies. Also, new types of technology where we would be using fewer resources for our daily usage.From 1922 to 1929, the economic of America is prosperous, the car industry, the electrica l industry and construction, developing rapidly and become a national industry. In 1920s t he economic boomed and wealth is just possessed by a few people, the gap between ric h and poor continued to expand. At first, the construction industry became in recession, a nd then the steel industry and the automobile get into trouble.Roosevelt defeated Hoover in the 1932 election. during the march of the president of the United States, the "new policy" is carried on, the intervention of the state finance, agricult ure, industry and social relief, the project and financial aspects became more and more, which made the United States government undertake to ensure economic stability and de velopment of responsibility. Social security system is established initially.After World War II, the US economy enters a period of rapid growth. On the one hand, the United States began to develop world's advanced scientific and technological achieveme nts. It caused a new industrial technology revolution, with the atom, computers and the ex tensive application of space technology for the main, involving information technology, ne w energy technology, new materials technology, biotechnology and space technology and the marine technology. The tertiary industry is booming .UNIT 61. In what way do you think that religious freedom was a historical necessity in the United States?1.By the middle of the 18th century, many different kinds of Protestants lived in America.2.. The Great Awakening of the 1740s, a "revival" movement that sought to breathe new f eeling and strength into religion, cut across the lines of Protestant religious groups, or de nominations.3.A few Americans were so influenced by the new science and new ideas of the Enlighten ment in Europe that they became deists, believing that reason teaches that God exists bu t leaves man free to settle his own affairs.4.The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States forbade the new federal g overnment to give special favors to any religion or to hinder the free practice, or exercise, of religion.UNIT 81. What is the goal of education in the United States? Discuss the similarities and d ifferences in Great Britain, the United States and China concerning the goals of edu cation.The goal is—and has been since the early decades of the republic—to achieve universal l iteracy and to provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to promote bot h their own individual welfare as well as that of the general public. Though this goal has n ot yet been fully achieved, it remains an ideal toward which the American educational syst em is directed. The progress which has been made is notable both for its scope and for the educational methods which have been developed in the process of achieving it.2. How did American education begin to develop?In 1634, they opened a ―lateen grammar school, a school for those who wanted to prep are for college.In 1636, Harvard College was founded for the training of religious ministers.In 1634 and 1638, the Puritans passed laws declaring that all property could be taxed for the common good, which included the support of school.In 1642 and 1647, the Bay Colony passed laws requiring all parents to provide reading ed ucating for their children.At the end of the 18th century, elementary education throughout the United States was in local hands.3. What are the major characteristics of education in America?(1)Different education laws for different states.(2)Several levels of schooling：Elementary Schooling，Secondary Schooling and High Schooling.(3)curricula for students: there is no national curriculum in the United States. (3)Compulso ry education for all students.(4)Equal education opportunities for minority groups. (5)Strong demand for higher educati on. (6)The complex system of higher education.Some states play a strong role in the selection of learning material for their students. Sch ools were asked not only to teach this new information, but to help students ask their own questions about it. The inquiry method of learning , focusing on solving problems rather t han memorizing facts, became popular.3.What are the major characteristics of education in America?1. About 85% of American students attend public schools (schools supported by America n taxpayers). The other 15% attend private schools, for which their families choose to pay special attendance fees. Four out of five private schools in the United States are run by c hurches, synagogues or other religious groups. In such schools, religious teachings are apart of the curriculum.2. Each of the 50 states in the United States has its own laws regulating education. From state to state, some laws are similar; others are not. Education in the United States was t o remain in the hands of state and local governments.3. Americans have a strong tendency to educate their children about major public concer ns—problems such as environmental pollution, nuclear issues, neighborhood crime and d rugs.Unit 101. The author says that the United State was founded on the principle of humanequality, but in practice the nation has fallen far short of that ideal. Illustrate this point with what you have learned from this text.1. American society is a stratified one, in which power, wealth, and prestige areunequally distributed among the population.2. The inequality is a matter of distinction between gender and social classes, classdivisions often parallel racial divisions.3. The blacks have long suffered from sustained oppression, discrimination, and denialof basic civil rights and liberties.4. Many states passed segregation laws to keep the races apart in schools, housing,restaurants, and other public facilities.Unit13What role does technology play in our lives?Does it only provide new conveniences or does it sometimes change our life style?Give examples from the text to illustrate your ideas.1 A technology is a system of practices,often involving a physical device,that accomplishes some result desired by some influential part of society.2 It’s high technology and productive world power in the late 20th century.3 It makes history more vivid and more easily remembered.rains4 It greatly improved our life,with the use of air-conditioner,electricity and transportation styles.5 It has innovated a lot of inventors to make contributions to the science,such as Thomas Alva Edison,Frederick Winslow Taylor.6 The newspapers and telegram and cellphone enlarge the communication of the people all over the world.7 Manned spacecraft and satellite,especially for atomic bomb,which is a big symbol of a nation.8 Renewable energy technology can produce a changeable way of the pollution,which can develop a more better environment for us.Techology plays important roles in our lives. It not only provides new conveniences but also sometimes change our life style. And it can also damage human beings’treasure and lives.1、Provide new conveniences:①In 1920, the first commercial radio station began brodcasting, radio became an important locas of advertisements for the products to feed a growing consumerism inAmerica. And many comedians became famous for their radio shows. Sports heroes emerged mainly due to the exciting and colorful descriptoins broadcast by sports announcers.②Inventoins of household appliances, such as refrigerators, home oil furnaces, electric blenders have led to an easier life for the homemaker. Men no longer chop wood or shovel coal for burning. Men and children no longer wash dishes.③The Internet emerged in 1968, after that, many educational, private and commercial net works joined eful tools were invented such as the e-mail. The Internet has changed people’s life in unimaginable way.2、Change our life style:①The moving of the wealthy middle class from dirty and crowded cities to the suburbs was facilitiated by the availability of the inexpensive automobile, made possible by Ford’s assembly line technology.②Adults who spend too much time watching TV are turning into coach potatoes ( a nickname for TV fans ), much to he alarm of health officials.3、Damage human beings’treasure and lives:①The 1979 Three Mile Island accident exposed the risk of devasting accidents and led people’s de aths.[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]。
《英美概况》练习参考答案（美国部分）
《英美概况》练习参考答案（美国部分）《最新英美概况》练习参考答案(美国部分)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：《最新英美概况》练习参考答案（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题）====================================== ============== PART TWO The United StatesChapter Eight The LandP. 209—210I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the Star-Spangled Banner, Defense of Fort McHenry, 1812.2. the Stars and the Stripes, Old Glory, the Star-Spangled Banner.3. The White House, The Capitol, The Pentagon.4. June, 14th, June 14th.5. the Potomac, no state, the Federal government.6. 36, 36 states.7. Amerigo Vespucci, American War of Independence.8. Pierre L’Enfant, light, service.II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. C2. D3. C4. A B C D5. C DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. T4. F5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. (1) At first the Continent was name d as “America” after explorer Amerigo Vespucci.(2) During the American War of Independence, the former British colonies firstused “the thirteen united States of America” in the Declaration of Independence.(3) The official name of America was adopted on November 15, 1777, when theSecond Continental Congress passed the Articles of Confederation.2. The 50 stars represent the 50 States, while the 13 stripes represent the original thirteencolonies.White indicates purity and innocence; red indicates valour and bravery, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice; it is also a symbol of respect to God.3. The stars and strips have different meanings.Each star represents each state in America, while strips represent the original thirteencolonies before the independence of America.4. (1) The lyrics of the national anthem come from “Defense of Fort McHenry”, a poemwritten during the War of 1812.The poem was set to the tune of a popular British drinking song, “The AnacreonticSong” (or “To Anacreon in Heaven”).(2) The Star-Spangled Banner was used officially by the Navy in 1889, and was madethe national anthem by congress on March 3, 1931, which was signed by PresidentHerbert Hoover.5. The White House was built in1792 and its original color was grey.During the War of 1812, it was badly damaged by the British troops, and in 1814 it wasrepainted white.President Roosevelt named it “White House” in the 1940s.P. 213I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. the central part of, Mexico and Gulf of Mexico, east, west.2. 48, Hawaii, Alaska.3. the Rio Grande, Pacific.4. 9,629,091, the third, Canada.5. Alaska, Texas.6. Arctic, glaciers.II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. T2. T3. T4. F5. FIII Answer the following questions.1. (1) The Atlantic coast, the Pacific coast and Hawaii provideconvenient sea routes forforeign trade.(2) The long coastline with many harbors and inlets provides favorable conditions forforeign trade and the fishing industry.(3) Mainland America, mainly within the northern temperate zone, is favorable foragriculture.2. The U.S. and Canada share the “world's longest undefended border.” The border wasdemilitarized after the War of 1812 and has remained peaceful. Military collaboration began during World War II and continued throughout the Cold War on both a bilateral basis and a multilateral relationship through NATO. Both countries are NATO members and have high military interdependency, in particular, during the Cold War against Soviet threat.Today Canadians and Americans are in close cultural proximity, sharing the samelanguage, similar religion and political systems as well as many values.Their economic relations are so close (they have been each other’s No. 1 trading pa rtnerfor years) that the two countries have established the North American Free TradeAgreement, the world’s largest free-trade zone. Both enjoy the most developed andrichest economies in the world as well as a comparable standard of living (Canada’swelfare system is even more comprehensive and covers more widely).To guard the over 8000-kilometer long land border is not only expensive but alsounnecessary (in a sense, impossible, because it is too long), because neither peopleworry that their neighbors would cross the border on a large scale or stay in theircountry for a long time.3. The border between the U.S. and Mexico is heavily guarded (mostly on the American side)against illegal immigrants entering the U.S. while people can enter Mexico freely. The cause is mostly economic rather than political. There is a huge disparity in the standard of living between the U.S. and Mexico whose per capita GDP is only about 20% that of the U.S. (2012 World Bank statistics). It is estimated six out of the eleven million illegal immigrants living in the U.S. are Mexicans, and millions more plan to enter the U.S. They try to benefit from the American business or job opportunities or from the American welfare system or even to engage in drug-trafficking and smuggling. Another purpose is to combat crime and terrorism, particularly after the 9.11 terrorist attacks. The U.S.-Mexican border areas witness the most serious drug-trafficking and gang violence in the world.Some Mexicans, in particular those haunted by the serious drug-related violence in recent years, try to escape from the violence in Mexico by moving to the U.S. In a word, if the US-Mexico border is open and unguarded as the U.S.-Canada border, there would be millions of Mexicans trying to migrate to America so that the consequent problems would be very difficult for the U.S. deal with.4. Alaska, facing Russia across Bering Strait, is locatedbetween the Arctic and Pacific oceans,so it’s important for strategic position and transportation.5. Hawaii, like a chain of beads, is located in the central Pacific Ocean, the best place toenjoy the oceanic scenery.It is famous for natural scenery: white beach, blue sky, and palm trees, etc.The famous Pacific Fleet is located at Pearl Harbor, Oahu Island.P. 221—222I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. Lake Superior, Erie, Ontario.2. Columbia Plateau, the Great Canyon.3. the Rockies, the father of waters.4. dairy farming, Harvard, Yale, MIT.5. Death Valley, Great Salt Lake.6. 38, Yellowstone National Park, Old Faithful.7. 4,800, British Columbia, the backbone of the continent, Mt. Elbert.8. Hoover Dam, The Rio Grande, Ruhr.9. half, “Barn of America”, Great Lakes.10. dividing line, Lake Erie, New York.II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. A B C2. D3. A D4. A B5. DIII Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. T3. F4. T5. TIV Answer the following questions.1. New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States consisting of thesix states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, where the earliest English settlements in North America was made.In the late 18th century, the New England Colonies initiated the resistance to the British Parliament's efforts to impose new taxes without the consent of the colonists. The confrontation led to the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, which resulted in the War of American Independence that brought about the birth of the United States of America.2. The Appalachians holds one sixth of the continental territory. The mountains are relativelylow, and the average altitude is only 800 meters high.These old mountains with rounded tops and wooded hills, and have much beautiful scenery and many tourist resorts.3. It is the most important and longest river in the US. It flows about 6,400 km. from theRockies to the Gulf of Mexico, and the fourth longest river in the world.With hundreds of tributaries, the river is known as “the father of wa ters”.The chief tributaries are the Missouri River, the Ohio River, and the Arkansas, etc.4. They are the largest lake group in the world and contain about half of the world’s fresh water.All the five lakes are inter-connected, reaching the Atlantic by way of the St. Lawrence River.They are the important economic lifeline of the Midwest.The world-famous Niagara Falls also attracts numerous visitors.5. The Great Plain stretches from the west of the Mississippi to the Rockies, and covers adistance of about 6,400 kilometers. The land is flat and open, and is originally covered with rich prairie grass, but no trees. Today the area is still a cattle country. Much of the nation’s wheat is grown here, therefore the area is known as the “breadbasket” of Americ a.The Grand Canyon is located in Colorado Plateau, and is cut by Colorado River. It is one of the great natural wonders of the world, and is set up as national park. It measures about 277 miles long, up to 18 miles wide between the tops of its steep walls, and more than a mile deep.P. 224--225I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. little, 63%.2. the Central Plains, the Rockies, electricity.3. Bingham.4. 1/3, Washington, Oregon.5. Gulf of Mexico, Okalahoma.6. gold, gold, Gold Rush.II. Respond to the following items.1. America is rich in water resources. As a whole the country has little trouble with watershortage. Except for the desert regions around the southern Rockies, there are large supplies of fresh water and numerousfertile valleys.2. About 1/3 of America is covered with forests. The greatest virgin forests are in the states ofWashington and Oregon. America has about 500 million acres of commercial forests and about 75% of commercial timber is produced in the eastern part of the country.3. In 1848, gold was discovered in California. The news soon spread out, and thousands ofimmigrants from around the world invaded the Gold Country of California. The peak of the rush was in 1849, thus the many immigrants became known as the '49ers.4. Coal deposits are widely distributed in America, and most coal reserves are to be found inthe Appalachians, the Central Plain, and the Rockies.Most of iron ore is mainly found in the Appalachians and the areas near Lake Superior, and the most important mining area is in Minnesota.P. 226--227I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. northern temperate (P225 书中该词拼写错误), landforms and surrounding waters.2. temperate, tropical.3. temperate, north, hurricanes.4. maritime, distinct, similar.5. Mediterranean, arid, semiarid.6. temperate, temperature.II Answer the following questions.1. The United States is mainly situated in the northern temperature zone. But, owing to itslarge size, varied landforms and surrounding waters, theclimate is tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the Great Plains, and arid in the Great Basin.2. New England belongs to maritime climate. It has distinct seasons with a long cold winter,and short and warm summer. Spring and Fall are warm, and the region receives plenty of rainfall.The Middle Atlantic States have a similar climate to that of New England, but the average temperature is a little higher.3. The Great Plains have a variety of weather throughout the year, which is very cold in winterand very hot in summer, with often strong winds.4. The climate around the Great Lakes is temperate. Winters are sometimes extremely cold;summers are very hot; the region receives sufficient rainfall. The wind blows freely, and often causes sudden and extreme changes in temperature and creates many tornadoes.P. 232I Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. F4. T5. T6. TP. 237I Write down the names of the places according to the photos.1. Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco2. Niagara Falls3. Las Vegas4. Red Rock Country5. The Grand Canyon6. DisneylandP. 240I Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:1. F2. F3. T4. F5. FChapter Nine The People and Their CultureP. 243I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. third, China, 313.7 million. (书中in 2010错误, 应改为in 2012.)2. 1%, high, below.3. urban, 250.4. northeastern part, 1/4, half.5. New York city, 27 million, Chicago, 9 million.6. California, Texas.II Answer the following questions.1. American population is characterized by variety in composition. The White is the mainstream, and takes up about 72.4% of the total population. Hispanics 16.3%, Blacks 12.6%, Asians 4.8 %, American Indians and Alaska Natives 0.9%, and Native Hawaii and other Pacific Islanders 0.2%.2. The most densely populated region is the northeastern area, including parts of New England, the Mid Atlantic and Mid West. The size of the region takes up about 1/4 of the total, butalmost 1/2 of the total population lives there.3. Comparing with the large size, the population density of the Great Pains is low. The northern part is rather empty. In the combined area of North and South Dakotas, Nebraska and Kansas,an area as great as France and Italy put together, there are only 6.2 million inhabitants in 2010.4. The northeastern part is the most densely populated region in America, because this place is the birthplace of America, also the highly developed area.Since the unfavorable living conditions in the west part of the Great Plains and Rockies, the population is thin.The south and west used to thinly populated, but with the rapid development in recent years, the population increases fast, and the population along the Pacific Coast grows dense.P. 247--248I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 55 million, Mexico.2. variety, 100, 31.3. African Americans, slaves.4. Civil Rights, equal civil rights.5. Texas, New Mexico.6. American Indians, Indian Reservations.II Answer the following questions.1. Melting pot is metaphorically used to refer to the US because it is a country of many ethnicgroups from different parts of the world, who came to the New World for freedom in politics or religion. They have been dissipating their different ethnic cultures towards some “standard” by living and working together in the “melting pot”of the US and gradual ly forming a new nation.2. Indian Reservation is the living place of Indians. Indians were driven westward to live inthese barren desert places when Europeans settled in American continent. In these isolated places, they were allowed to keep a part of their own culture and customs.But the Reservations lacked basic public facilities and life-sustaining opportunities. The situation is somewhat better today, but there continues to be problems3. The Hispanics are Spanish-speaking people from Latin America. Over half of HispanicAmericans are of Mexican descents. The second largest group is of Puerto Rican origin.Other origins include Cuban Americans, Colombian Americans, Dominican Americans, etc.P. 250--251I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. 337, 176.2. Spanish, French.3. English, American.4. Spanish, Spanish.5. Cantonese, third, Chinese American.6. their native, English.II Answer the following questions.1. About 337 languages are spoken by Americans, of which 176 are indigenous, and 52languages formerly spoken in the country are now extinct.2. American English was inherited from British colonization, but there are some changes inspelling, grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation, etc.3. Spanish is the second m ost common language in America. The United States holds the world’sfifth largest Spanish-speaking population. Spanish is also an official language of Puerto Rico.Spanish is also the most widely taught second language in America.4. The largest French-speaking communities are in Northeast Maine; Hollywood and Miami,Florida; New York City; and certain areas of rural Louisiana.P. 253--254I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.1. high adherence, diversity.2. Christians, Protestants, Roman Catholics.3. 30, Baptists, Methodists.4. Judaism, Chinese Americans.5. African Americans, African slaves.6. India, Asian countries.II Answer the following questions.1. The principle of the separation of church and state comes from American Constitution. TheFirst Amendment of the US Constitution guarantees the free exercise of religion and fords the establishment of any religious government.2. Religion plays an important role in many aspects of American life (politics, education, charityand culture) as well as in its international relations. American foreign aid (governmental and private) is very closely related to religion, and based on Christian values that all men and women are the children of God, therefore brothers and sisters; the US State Department issues an annual report on human rights andcriticizes the human rights records in many countries (of which religious freedom is stressed), which is regarded as interfering the internal affairs of other countries; American churches sent many missions abroad, establishing churches, schools and hospitals around the world, such as what the missionaries did in China in 19th and early 20th centuries (e.g., John Leighton Stuart <司徒雷登>and the Yanching University <燕京大学>) . They worked with the American government for the diffusion of their religion and values.Value-oriented diplomacy is one of the characteristics of American international relations.A very important mission of American diplomacy is to diffuse its values around the world,and many such values derive from religion, such as equality, liberty and fraternity; religion even plays a role in the American decisions of war and peace, such as the American war on terror in Iraq and Afghanistan.。
东北师范大学22春“英语”《英美概况(二)》作业考核题库高频考点版(参考答案)试题号3
东北师范大学22春“英语”《英美概况（二）》作业考核题库高频考点版（参考答案）一.综合考核(共50题)1.Washington is the headquarters of all the branches of the American federal system: ____, the Supreme Court and the Presidency.A.the SenateB.The House of RepresentativesC.CongressD.the highest court参考答案：C2.The largest seaport of the United States is ____.A.San DiegoB.San FranciscoC.ChicagoD.New York参考答案：D3.Franklin Roosevelt was elected President of the US in ____.A.1931B.1932C.1933D.1934参考答案：B4.The US is the worlds leading exporter of agricultural products, in which the second most important export is ____.A.CottonB.vegetable oils参考答案：C5.Niagara Falls is not in New York City.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B6.The Indians were the original inhabitants on the continent. However, ever since the discovery of the land in 1492 they have been cruelly treated. They were driven into barren desert regions, the so-called “Indian Reservations”.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B7.The Midway Island Battle was the turning point of the ____ War.A.PacificB.ColdC.AtlanticD.Civil参考答案：A8.In the 1960s and 1970s, tennis enjoyed a huge growth as some of the new professional stars, especially women, stimulated amateurs.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B____ are the most numerous in the minorities of the United States.A.blacksB.Hispanicsn-AmericansD.Jews参考答案：A10.American industry is developing so rapidly that it has been in the leadin gposition for the past century.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B11.The western part consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Appalachian Range.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A12.American economy is a free enterprise system.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B13.The number of Congressmen from each state varies depending on ____.A.the size of the areaB.the size of populationC.the traditionD.the wealth14.____ has the power to interpret the constitution.A.The PresidentB.The CongressC.The Supreme CourtD.The House of Representatives参考答案：C15.Telephone companies in the United States are not all private businesses.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A16.The USA includes 50 states and a federal district，the District of Columbia, which is the seat of the Federal Government.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B17.Before the breakout of the Civil War, the Whig Party, which had been formed during Jackson's day, began to break up.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B18.The U.S.A. is known as a “Melting Pot” for it's ____.C.mixture of climatesD.mixture of habits参考答案：B19.The first American President who inaugurated in Washington City was ____.A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.John AdamsD.Andrew Jackson参考答案：B20.The national flag of the United States is known as ____.A.the Star-Spangled BannerB.Uncle SamC.Hot DogD.Union Jack参考答案：A21.The U.S.A. is known as a “Melting Pot” for its ____.A.mixture of religionsB.mixture of nationalitiesC.mixture of climatesD.mixture of habits参考答案：B22.The most important advantage the North had over the South in the Civil War was its ____ superiority.A.industrialB.agricultural参考答案：A23.Between the Sierra Nevada Mountains and the Rocky Mountains there is a large area of desert, of which Death Valley is the lowest and hottest place in America.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B24.The land can be pided into three parts according to its geographical features：the eastern part，the western part，and the central Plains.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B25.The state ____ is rich in fishing and trapping.A.HawaiiB.CaliforniaC.AlaskaD.New York参考答案：C26.The ____ River forms part of the boundary between Canada and the USA, serving as an international river.A.ColoradoB.OhioC.Missouriwrence参考答案：D27.Detroit has been known as the automobile capital of the world.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B28.Detroit is famous for the production of ____.A.bambooB.automobilesC.timberD.airplanes参考答案：B29.Harvard University was founded in ____.A.1366B.1633C.1636D.1363参考答案：C30.The victory at Saratoga was viewed as the turning point of the War of Independence.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B31.The first computer came into being in 1944 and in the same year, the first atom bomb was tested.()A.错误参考答案：A32.The Federal Government is supposed to keep independent from the states governments.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B33.You can get quick and inexpensive meals in ____ .A.magnificent restaurantsB.snack barsC.guest houseD.motels参考答案：B34.The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____.A.challenging the authority of the PopeB.salvation through faithC.salvation through the churchD.establishing a direct contact with God参考答案：C35.The University of California, with several branch campuses, has more than ____ students.A.128000B.129000C.126000D.127000参考答案：AThe spirit of “do-it-yourself” may be reflected in many aspects of American life.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B37.The leading producing area for chemicals and machinery is ____.A.The East North CentralB.the Middle Atlantic regionC.the Pacific coast regionD.the South Atlantic region参考答案：B38.Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?____A.Separation of state and churchB.Respect of educationC.Intolerant moralismD.A sense of mission参考答案：A39.In western California lies Death Valley, 280 feet below sea level. It is the lowest point in the whole of North America.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A40.The first Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia in September 1775 to consider and act on the situation arising from the so-called Intolerable Acts passed by the Bitish Parliament.()A.错误参考答案：A41.The “Senior Citizens” in the senior centers refer to ____.A.high officialsB.professorsC.presidentsD.old people参考答案：D42.The original name of New York is ____.A.New HampshireB.New AmsterdamC.New JerseyD.New England参考答案：B43.The United States is situated in the central part of North America with its two youngest states-Alaska and Hawaii.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B44.The three biggest newspapers are of the following except ____.A.New York TimesB.Readers DigestC.Washington PostD.Los Angeles Times参考答案：B45.The largest public library in the U.S. is ____.A.Library of CongressB.Library of HarvardC.Franklin LibraryD.Roosevelt Library参考答案：A46.The state to which the Mayflower sailed is ____.A.FloridaB.MaineC.MassachusettsD.Virginia参考答案：C47.In the autumn of 1620, the first group of people started for America in a ship named the “Mayflower”. They l anded at a place they named Plymouth.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B48.____ is the largest city in the US.A.Los AngelesB.ChicagoC.DetroitD.the New York City参考答案：D49.The city's name, “Philadelphia” means ____.A.fishing pitB.brotherly loveC.waste landD.wild laral参考答案：B50.The continental USA runs 4505 kilometers from its Atlantic coast to Pacific coast，and 2574 kilometers from Canada to Mexico.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B。
英美概况考试题及答案
英美概况考试题及答案<i> 考试</i>学年学期：课程名称：教学秘书签字：专业班级：姓名：学号：Multiple Choice1.Britain does not share land border with any other countries except.A. FranceB. HollandC. ItalyD. The Republic of Ireland2.The island of Great Britain is divided into parts.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 23.The second longest river in the United Kingdom is the __ .A. Thames RiverB. Clyde RiverC. Severn RiverD. Seine River4.The largest river in the United Kingdom, which runs 356 kilometers and empties into the Bristol Strait, is ______________ .A. the Seven RiverB. the Clyde RiverC. the Thames RiverD. the Potomac River5. ___ oil and gas have made Britain largely self-sufficient inthese vital fuels.A. The AtlanticB. The PacificC. The Red SeaD. The North Sea6.The climate of Britain is one.A. ContinentalB. tropicalC. temperateD. subtropical7.Britain’s major minerals are coal, iron ore, tin ore, lead ore, oil and gas, among which _______ and ____ are the most important.A. coal...lead ore B. coal ...iron ore C. iron ore...tin ore D. coal (i)8.In the Highlands of Scotland stands ____ , Britain’s highest mountain towering 1300 meters.A. the PenninesB. Ben NevisC. The Southern UplandsD. Cumbria9.The largest lake in the U.K. is .A. Lough ErneB. Lake NessC. Lough NeaghD. Lake Lomond10.The main rivers parting in Great Britain runs from _ t o ___A. north…eastB. south…westC. central…eastD. north…south11.The weather in Great Britain conditions vary rapidly because of .A.the much rainfallB. a little sunshineC.the edge of European continental anticycloneD.a series of cyclonic depressions from Ireland or Greenland12.Of the three parts of Great Britain, __ is the smallest bothin area and population.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. WalesD. Irland13.The most important river in the United Kingdom is _ .A. the Clyde RiverB. the Seven RiverC. the Thames RiverD. the Forth River14.Among the four administrative units the most populous and developed is ___ .A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland15.In Scotland there is the Clyde River, on which is situated a ship-building center --- ___________ .A. BelfastB. LondonC. GlasgowD. Manchester16.The Towns in Scotland are called .A. CountriesB. shiresC. communitiesD. burghs<i> 考试</i>17.Big Ben is a famous in London.A. StatueB. bridgeC. hotelD. clock18.The Port of London is Britain’s most important __ .A. SeaportB. airportC. railway stationD. military base19.The famous Speaker’s Corner is an area i nside ___, London, where speakers address thepublic, especially on Sundays.A. the West EndB. Hyde ParkC. WhitehallD. Westminster Abbey20.The Westminster Abbey is the place where ___ .A.the British royal residence in London is located.B.Almost all English kings and queens have been crownedC.The British Prime Minister livesD.The British Parliament is located21.Buckingham Palace is the London residence for _ .A. the King or QueenB. the Prime MinisterC. the Speaker of the CommonsD. the Lord Chancellor of the Upper House22.The London residence for the King or Queen is _ .A. Hyde ParkB.Buckingham PalaceC. No. 10 Down StreetD.The East End23.The famous street where offices of the most important ministries of the United Kingdom arelocated, is ____ .A. Downing StreetB. Wall StreetC. WhitehallD. Broadway24.London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is situated on __ near its mouth.A. the Thames RiverB. the Severn RiverC. the Clyde RiverD. the Tees River25.Britain’s largest manufacturing industry is .A. textile industryB. iron and steel industryC. oil-producing industryD. aircraft industry26.Britain once reigned supreme in the world of __ industry.A. PaperB. electronicC. mineralD. textile27.One of the main characteristics of British economy is ___ .A.the purchase of raw materials and the sale of manufacturedgoods abroad.B.To import oil from abroadC.To sell coal abroadD.To exchange goods with foreign nations so as to get vital foodstuffs and manufacturedgoods28.The main agricultural products in Britain are _____ , barley, potatoes, sugar-beets and oats.A. RiceB. wheatC. tobaccoD. peanuts29.It was the who brought the English language into England.A. Anglo-saxonsB. CeltsC. NormansD. Danes30.as a nation took shape as a result of the unification of the seven warring kingdoms in827.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. IrelandD. England31.The English language belongs to _ .A. the Indo-EuropeanB. the Hamito-SemiticC. the Sino-TibetanD. the Altaic32.The two major political parties in Britain are the Conservative Party and the _____ .A. Republican PartyB. Democratic PartyC. Labour PartyD. Liberal Party<i> 考试</i>33.The Liberal Party, the third largest party of the United Kingdom, developed from the ____________ in1839.A. Whig PartyB. Tory PartyC. Conservative PartyD. Labour Party34.______________________ Of all the English universities andare the most well- known.A. Oxford University … Eton UniversityB. OxfordUniversity…Cambridge UniversityC.Eton College …Winchests CollegeD. Harvard…Yale35.The grammar school in modern Britain _ .A.offers only grammar lessons to pupilsB.emphasizes academic studies and offers more subjects than any other secondary schoolsC.make a point of giving practical instructions which are considered to be of help in thepupils’ future workD.only takes in the pupils who are interested in grammar36.The is an examination taken at about the age of eleven,to decide which type ofsecondary school a British child will attend.A. Eleven-plusB. “Eleven Tests”C. Eleven-minusD. Eleventh Test37.The Redbrick universities are those including all the provincial universities of the period1850-1930, with __ as a representative.A. OxfordB. CambridgeC. London UniversityD. Polytechnics38.are the foundation-layers of the English education.A. Grammar schoolsB. Secondary modern schoolsC. Public schoolsD. Nursery schools39.is the nickname of Britain.A. Uncle SamB. John ArbuthnotC. Robin HoodD. John Bull40.Most British couples have their wedding ceremony _ with the bride dressed in ____ .A. at home…a long pink dressB. in a park…a short skirtC. in the church…a long white dressD. in the open…a short blue skirt41.The best-known quality of the British people is exclusiveness. One of the important reasons isthe special geographical location of Britain. The other is ______ .A. its Industrial RevolutionB. its separate nationalityC. the cutting-off of BritainD. the distinct development of its history.42.i s the English sense of humor.A. Self-importanceB. Self-confidenceC. Self-deprecatingD. Self-knowing43.Which of the following holidays is Not celebrated in Britain?A. EasterB. ChristmasC. Thanksgiving DayD. April Fool’s Day44.On __ the British people hold dances, games, etc. to welcome spring.A. Christmas DayB. New Year’s DayC. May DayD. April Fool’s Day45.April Fool’s Day is on .A. 1st of AprilB. 2nd of AprilC. 20th of AprilD. 30th of April46.When you are invited to a dinner, you must __ .A. be punctualB. be a little lateC. be sure to attendD. be a little early47.Children reach their adolescence when they are __years of age.A. eight or nineB. ten or elevenC. thirteen or fourteenD. seventeen or eighteen48.In Britain the “__ ” emergency dialing service is free of charge, by which people are quiteconvenient to be connected rapidly to police, ambulance or fire service.A. 999B. 109C. 119D. 303<i> 考试</i>49.In Britain only taxi drivers and waiters are permitted to accept a tip, which is usually an extra__ of the price of the fare or meal.A. tenth or eighthB. twentiethC. halfD. 80%50.The British people are great lovers of betting. The most money they bet mainly on _____ .A. horse racingB. BingoC. football poolsD. dog racingFill in the blanks.1.The full name of the United Kingdom is ___ and ____ .2.The island of Great Britain is made up of ____ , __ and ___ .3.The United Kingdom has been a member of ____ since 1973.4.London plays a significant role in ___ economic and cultural life. It’s not only the financial__ of the nation, but also one of _________ major international financial centers in ________________________ .5.Britain consists of ______ nations, including England, ________ , ______ and.6.The capital of Britain is ____ , which has great influence on the UK in all fields including__ , ___ and ___. two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities: ____and ____ .8.Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the LondonParliament and each holds ___ and ___ seats respectively.9.The capital of Scotland is ______ , which is well-known for its natural ___ .10.Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the _ mainland, it’s good at getting___ from abroad, particularly Japan and ____ .<i> 考试</i>DAAAD CDBCD DCcBC DDABB ABCAB DABAD ACABB ACCDC DCCBA ACAAAthe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEngland; Scotland; WalesEuropean UnionBritain’s; center; the three; the worldfour, Scotland, Wales, Northern IrelandLondon, government, economy, cultureGlasgow, Edinburgh72, 38Edinburgh, beautyBritish, investment, America。
(完整版)英语考研英美概况模拟题及答案精选全文
精选全文完整版（可编辑修改）英语考研英美概况模拟题American Survey Test地理1. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeastern2. In eastern _____ lies Death Valley, 85 metres below sea level.A. CaliforniaB. UtahC. Arizona3. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB. Coast RangeC. Cascades Mountains4. The _____ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia PlateausA. Great BasinB. Colorado ValleyC. Great Plains5. The famous Yellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB. ArizonaC. Wyoming6. The world-known Colorado Valley lies in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado River.A. ArizonaB. UtahC. Montana7. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. Michigan8. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A. FloridaB. GeorgiaC. Virginia9. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.A. PotomacB. DelawareC. St. Laurence10. The width of the Niagara Fall is about _____ metres and the drop average _____ metres.A. 1650, 50B. 1240, 49C. 1540, 4911. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The western12. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah13. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB. PlymouthC. Boston14. About _____ of the world’s annual agricultural products come from the United States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirds15. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. Rocky16. Mount Mekinley lies in the _____ Range.A. Sierra NevadaB. CascadesC. Alaska17. The two largest Chinatowns are located in the following cities except _____.A. New YorkB. San FranciscoC. Miami18. The world’s largest freshwater lake i s Lake _____.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. Victoria19. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and Haron20. _____ of the America’s territory is covered with forests.A. 1/4B. 1/5C. 1/321. Texas, having belonged to _____, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.A. FranceB. RussiaC. Mexico22. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. Pacific23. The American black population consists of _____ of the total population.A. 1/10B. 1/5C. 1/924. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.A. FloridaB. LouisianaC. Alaska25. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourth26. About half of the total population is concentrated in the following areas except _____.A. Atlantic CoastB. Pacific CoastC. NorthwestD. around the Great LakesE. Gulf of Mexico27. There are _____ river systems in the U.S.A.A. 8B. 3C. 628. Detroit is famous for the production of _____.A. automobileB. timberC. bamboo29. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the _____.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest30. The city _____ is given the nickname “Space City of U.S.A.”.A. BostonB. HoustonC. San Francisco31. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.A. blacksB. IndiansC. Puerto Ricans32. The steel and iron industries are mainly distributed around the city of _____, providing _____ percent of the total output each year.A. Pittsburgh, 60B. Chicago, 50C. New York, 6033. The largest industrial city in America is _____.A. ChicagoB. BostonC. Houston34. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to _____.A. subtropicalB. continentalC. tropical35. ¬_____ is famous for many stores and shops.A. Wall StreetB. BroadwayC. Fifth Avenue36. In _____ people can find the historical spot, the Independence National Historical Park.A. PhiladelphiaB. St. LouisC. San Francisco37. Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _____.A. MaineB. MassachusettsC. Connecticut38. The Columbia River and the Colorado River belong to the system of _____.A. the GulfB. the AtlanticC. the PacificI. Fill in the blanks1. The United States is situated in the _____ part of _____ America.2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.3. To the west of America lies the _____ Ocean.4. To the east of America lies the _____ Ocean.5. The seat of the American Federal Government is the District of _____.6. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.7. The famous _____ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.8. The western part of th e central plain is also called the “_____ _____”.9. The Mississippi River flows from the _____ lakes to the Gulf of _____.10. The lowest point in the whole of North America is _____ _____.11. The world-known _____ _____ lies in northern Arizona, which is cut by the Colorado River.12. The largest island salt lake in North America is the _____ _____ Lake.13. The United States includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.14. The Declaration of Independence was first read on July 4th, _____.15. The two main tributaries of the _____ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.16. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.17. Through the middle of the country, north and south, runs a line which is known as the _____ _____ _____ _____.18. The South region in America has in general, a warm climate. People often call it the “_____ _____”.19. The largest state, _____, is famous for its glacier, waterfall and ripples.20. There rises the tendency of shifting the centre of industries from the _____ to the _____.21. The famous _____ _____ is known as the financial centre, the symbol of the American monopoly capitalism.22. _____ is the centre of theatres in America.23. The nickname of Pittsburgh is the _____ and _____ City.24. _____ is the second largest in population in the U.S.25. The two youngest states are _____ in the northeastern part of America and _____ in the central Pacific.26. Most of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of _____ origin.27. Negro slaves were first brought to America at the beginning of the _____ century.28. The Death Valley is _____ metres below sea level.29. The population of the United States is about _____ million.30. The Statue of Liberty Island in _____ _____ harbour.31. _____ _____ is the base of the Pacific Fleet of the U.S.A.32. _____ _____ is the smallest state in size and the most densely populated state ofthe U.S.A.33. From a geographical point of view, the fifty states are grouped into _____ regions.34. The nickname of Houston City is _____ _____.35. _____ became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.36. _____ _____ is the longest and the most important river in the system of Gulf.37. The Library of Congress is in the city of _____.38. New England is located in the _____ corner of the country.39. The area of the Pacific coast is known for its growth of fruits, vegetables and wheat, especially in _____.40. The Middle Atlantic Region is marked by its industry. It is often called the _____ Northeast.II. Explain the Following Terms1. “The backbone of the continent”2. melting potIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Give a brief presentation of the U.S. economy.2. Why is Detroit famous?英语考研英美概况模拟题美国地理部分答案：Part II. BAAAC ACAAB BDAAB CCABA CCACC CBABB BAACC ABCII.1. central, north Canada, Mexico Pacific Atlantic Columbia eastern Yellowstone Great Plains Great, Mexico Death Valley Colorado Valley Great Salt 50, federal 1776 Mississippi Canada 50 centimetre Rainfall Line Sunny South Alaska Southwest Wall Street Broadway Iron, Steel Chicago Alaska, Hawaii European 17th 85 240/256 New York Pearl Harbour Rhode Island 8 Space City Hawaii Mississippi River Washington northeastern California IndustrialPart II 历史I. Multiple Choice1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 17762. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A. John CabotB. MagellanC. BalboaD. Cartier4. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A. simpleB. easyC. roughD. hard5. The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A. 1765, 1766B. 1764, 1765C. 1763, 17646. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New York7. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1776, 1784B. 1775, 1783C. 1706, 17148. Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.A. GettysburgB. PittsburghC. Trenton9. The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A. New YorkB. SaratogaC. Bunker Hill10. On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.A. YorktownB. BostonC. Charleston11. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _____.A. The Articles of the ConfederationB. Bill of RightsC. Civil Rights12. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A. the Bill of RightsB. the ArticlesC. Civil Rights13. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A. WashingtonB. New YorkC. Philadelphia14. The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _____.A. Thomas EdisonB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson15. The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handed policy which was called _____.A. the “Intolerable Acts”B. Un-American ActivitiesC. the Sedition Act16. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A. abolishing the Sedition ActB. reducing taxesC. purchasing Louisiana from France17. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____. The U.S. won the war.A. 1812, 1814B. 1813, 1815C. 1814, 181618. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A. 1/4B. 1/2C. 1/319. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of _____.A. WangxiaB. NanjingC. Tianjin20. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A. 50, 1781B. 13, 1781C. 13, 178721. _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington’s administration.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Boston22. It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.A. Alexander HamiltonB. Thomas JeffersonC. George Washington23. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James Madison24. The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A. James MadisonB. James MonroeC. John Adams25. The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance’s program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A. Monroe DoctrineB. Sedition ActC. Holy Alliance26. _____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A. John AdamsB. Andrew JacksonC. Andrew Johnson27. _____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska.A. Douglas BillB. Monroe DoctrineC. Sedition Act28. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC. Both A and B29. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull RunB. GettysburgC. Richmond30. The first imperialist war took place between the U.S. and _____ in 1898.A. BritainB. FranceC. Spain31. The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32. In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A. Woodrow WilsonB. William H. TaftC. Theodore RooseveltD. Warren G. Harding33. Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Washington34. In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A. firstB. secondC. third35. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressive people.A. religiousB. spiritualC. political36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the _____.A. blacksB. IndiansC. progressive people37. On August 14, 1914, the U.S. and Britain issued a joint communiquécalled_____.A. the Teheran DeclarationB. the Atlantic CharterC. the Washington Proclamation38. In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the so-called “_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.A. Open Door PolicyB. Big StickC. Douglas Bill39. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.A. 1913, 1917B. 1914, 1918C. 1915, 191940. The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A. Axis, AlliesB. Holy Alliance, AxisC. Central Powers, Allies41. The assassination of a(n) _____ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI.A. AustraliaB. BelgiumC. Austria42. Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.A. 33B. 38C. 3943. The frequent emergence of the economic crisis in the U.S.A. led to the following disastrous effects except _____.A. inflationB. the rise of pricesC. the decrease of populationD. the decrease of the purchasing capacity44. In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. New YorkC. Philadelphia45. _____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.A. 48B. 47C. 4546. At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain discussed the problem of opening the second battlefield in Europe.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Casablanca47. In July 1945, Britain, the U.S. and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A. CairoB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Quebec48. The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A. the Allies and the Axis (powers)B. the Axis and Holy AllianceC. the Central Powers and the Allies49. The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A. Paris TreatyB. Versaills TreatyC. Teheran Treaty50. The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945. At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N. etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Potsdam51. The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A. 1920B. 1918C. 191952. The U.S. Communist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.A. LevestoneB. William FosterC. Earl Browder53. The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.A. 1929, 1933B. 1933, 1937C. 1924, 192954. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.A. Eisenhower DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. Truman Doctrine55. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A. Vietnam WarB. Cold WarC. Korean War56. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.A. GermanyB. JapanC. Soviet Union57. The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A. 1939, 1945B. 1937, 1943C. 1938, 194558. After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.A. the Allies, the Axis PowersB. the USSR, the USAC. the old capitalist countries, the new ones59. There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970’s.A. sixB. fiveC. seven60. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called _____ to save the economic situation.A. Good NeighbourB. the Open Door PolicyC. the New Deal61. The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.A. Midway IslandB. BritainC. Normandy62. In Feb. _____ came President Nixon’s historic visit to China.A. 1979B. 1972C. 197363. In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A. the Korean WarB. the Vietnam WarC. the US-Spanish War64. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A. SpanishB. FrenchC. Japanese65. The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.A. 13B. 50C. 4866. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A. the easternB. the westernC. the northern67. _____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A. The English KingB. the local governmentC. the local people68. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. both A and B69. _____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.A. King George IB. King George IIIC. King George II70. In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. ChicagoC. New York71. President Nixon visited China in _____.A. 1973B. 1974C. 197272. _____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A. Theodore RooseveltB. George WashingtonC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson73. The city’s name “Philadelphia” means _____.A. brotherly loveB. fishing pitC. philosophy1. It was _____ who first discovered the America in 1492.2. The New World was named after _____ Vespucci.3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.4. The Indians living in America are all _____ skinned and dark-haired.5. The War of _____ broke out in 1775 and ended in 1783.6. The First World War broke out on July 28th in _____.7. In 1620 some English Puritans sailed to Plymouth on a ship called _____.8. On July 4th, 1776, the document called the Declaration of _____ was accepted by the American Congress.9. The first English colony was _____.10. Lexington Fire was the _____ of the War of Independence.11. In 1803 the United States purchased Louisiana from _____.12. The U.S.- _____ War broke out in 1898.13. The Great Depression of 1929 - _____ shook the United States and the whole capitalist world to its foundation.14. The _____ _____ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.15. The Confederate Union of America consisted of _____ southern states.16. During the Civil War Lincoln took two important measures, one was the _____ _____, the other was the _____ _____.17. By the end of _____ century, the U.S. had become the most powerful country in the world.18. The U.S. bought the area of Alaska from _____ in 1867.19. The Constitution Convention lasted _____ weeks from May to September, _____.20. The Constitution drawn up at the end of Independence War is called the _____ of the Confederation.21. The Constitution of _____ established the dictatorship of the America bourgeoisiebig capitalists and big slave owners.22. The bourgeois democratic personages headed by Thomas Jefferson, were opposed to the Constitution. They were called _____.23. The people, headed by John Hamilton, who supported the Constitution of 1787, were called _____.24. During Washington’s administration Thomas Jefferson was appointed _____ of _____.25. The war with England between 1812-1814 was called the Second _____ of _____.26. President John Q. Adams was the son of the _____ president, John Adams.27. The forming of the _____ Alliance was to suppress the South American revolution.28. Andrew Jackson was the first president who developed the power of _____ into one of the means of making laws.29. The first great tide from 1840 to 1860 in America was the _____ movement.30. The famous novel “_____ _____ _____” by Mrs Stowe aroused a great and universal hatred for slavery.31. A man named _____ _____ began a rising which aimed at solving the slavery trouble by force.32. In _____ the first group of English colonists came to America.33. From 1863 to 1867 _____ Reconstruction dominated the reconstruction of the south.34. With the passage of the military Reconstruction Act in March 1867 the power of Reconstruction of the south passed from president to the _____.35. The most notorious society which mainly persecuted the blacks was _____ _____ _____.36. The _____ _____ Conference in 1919 was in fact a meeting to divide the spoils and redivide the old colonies.37. The _____ Conference was the constitution of the Paris Peace Conference.38. The _____ post-war economic crisis occurred from 1973 to 1975 was the most serious crisis.39. The Communist Party of China sent _____ _____ _____ to attend the Conference of the founding of U.N. and signed the charter.40. The _____ Declaration was published at the Cairo Conference.41. The main force of the Japanese United Fleet was destroyed by America in the _____ _____ Battle.42. The _____ World War was a destructive war and an anti-fascist war.43. The _____ Programme was successfully carried out in 1969 and two American astronauts landed on the moon.44. After WWII the _____ _____ emerged on the scene and containment of Communism became the basis of the American foreign policy.45. The source of WWII in Europe came from _____.46. The direct cause that the U.S. entered WWII was the Japanese sudden raid of the US’s naval base at _____ _____.47. In 1939 Germany first launched the lightening attack on _____ and England and_____ then declared war on Germany.48. The dropping of the two atom bombs by America forced _____ to surrender unconditionally.49. The second post-war crisis occurred during 1953 and 1954 was caused by the _____ War.50. It was president _____ who moved toward improving relations with China.51. America participated in the Second World War in the year _____.52. In _____ China and U.S.A. normalized their relationship.53. The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was _____ _____ _____.54. _____ _____ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civil War.55. “I know not what course others may take, but for me, give me liberty or give me death.” This was said by _____ _____.II. Define the Following Terms1. The Boston “Tea Party”2. The Westward Movement3. The Civil Rights Movement4. The Atlantic Charter5. The “Open Door Policy”6. The Cairo Declaration7. The Marshall PlanIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Please say something about the American War of Independence, including its cause, process and significance.2. What success did Washington’s administration achieved?3. Abraham Lincoln is usually regarded as the fulfilment of the “American Dream”. Why?4. What was Roos evelt’s role in the Second World War?英语考研英美概况模拟题美国历史部分答案：Part III. BDBBA ABCBA AABBC CABAB AABAA BABBC AABAC ABABC CBCAA BCABA CBABC CABAC ABACA AABBA CCAII.1. Columbus Amerigo Magellan red Independence 1914 Mayflower Independence Virginia prelude France Spanish 1933 Cold War 11 Homestead Bill, Emancipation Proclamation 19th Russia 13, 1787 Articles 1787 anti-federalist Federalists Secretary, State War, Independence second Holy veto Westward Uncle Tom’s Cabin John Brown 1607 Presidental Congress Ku Klux Klan Paris Peace Washington sixth deputy Dong Biwu Cairo Midway Island Second Apollo Communist Party Germany Pearl Harbour Poland Japan KoreanNixon 1941 1979 Martin Luther King John Brown Patrick Henry。
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英美概况习题答案英国概况8. The Capital of Wales is __B___.A SwanseaB CardiffC RhondaD Belfast10. There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _C____.A the Liberal PartyB the Democratic PartyC the Labour PartyD the Republican Party5. In 1653 __A___ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William II11. Norman Conquest began in ___B__.A. 1016B. 1066C. 103516. Charles I was beheaded in ___A__.A. 1649B. 1648C. 165317. It was __A___ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.A. Edward IB. Henry IVC. Simon de Montfort21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a __A___.A. coup d’étatB. racial slaughterC. peasant rising22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the ___A__.A. factory of the worldB. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval25. The Great Charter was signed by __C___ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to ___C__ in England.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as __B___.A. the Wars of RosesB. the Hundred Y ears’ WarC. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century __B___ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalismB. capitalismC. Catholicism41. In 1689 the ―Bill of Rights‖ was passed. ___C__ began inEngland.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster53. The Seven Y ears War between England and France lasted from _____ to ____A_.A. 1756, 1763B. 1713, 1720C. 1754, 1761C. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells填空10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ _____ whose work _____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature.36. English Renaissance began in _____ century.37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.38. During the Civil Wars (1642 –1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.Domesday Bede Hastings feudalism Conqueror French Glorious Revolution Paris 1840 Chartered feudal civil money Invincible Armada Thomas More, Utopia 16th Stuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord ProtectorPolitical System1. The British Monarchy is ___C__.A. electiveB. democraticC. hereditary2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the __A___ century.A. 17thB. 16thC. 15th3. The __B___ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.A. Prime MinisterB. CrownC. Parliament4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _B____.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the CharmerD. the Shadow Cabinet5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is __B___.A. the CrownB. the CabinetC. Shadow Cabinet6. The life of Parliament is fixed at ___C__ years.A. fourB. sixC. five7. The House of Commons consists of __A___ members who are elected from the _____ electoral districts.A. 651, 651B. 535, 535C. 635, 63510. The _____ _A____ is the supreme administrative institution.A. British governmentB. British ParliamentC. OppositionD. Privy Council11. The ___A__ is the core of leadership of the British government.A. CabinetB. Privy CouncilC. Crown15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is __A___.A. Lord ChancellorB. SpeakerC. Prime minister16. ___B__ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900.A. The Conservative PartyB. The Labour PartyC. The Liberal Party.17. It is the ___A__ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.A. Prime MinisterB. Lord PresidentC. Speaker28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as ____B_.A. RoundheadsB. LoyalistsC. the Whigs23. The two major parties in Britain are the _____ Party and the _____ Party.24. During the Civil War, the non-Puritan Anglicans who supported the king and church were known as Cavaliers or _____, the Puritans who supported Parliament were known as Roundheads or _____ _____.25. In 1833 the T ory changed its name to the _____, and in 1860s the _____ became liberals.Conservative, Liberal loyalists, Parliament Men Conservative, WhigGeography12. London is situated on the River of __B___. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey13. Edinburgh is the capital of __B___. A. England B. ScotlandC. Wales33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except ___D__.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialect34. About __A___ percent of the population live in cities or towns. A. 80 B. 85 C. 9035. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _A____ million acres.A. 30B. 25C. 4036. The highest mountain in England is __C___.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. Seafell37. The second largest city in England is ___B__.A. GlasgowB. BirminghamC. Manchester14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 185014. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early __C__ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called __D___A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In ____B_, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared __A__ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation4．Christianity was brought to Britain____D______．A．directly by the Roman priests B．directly by traders and soldiersC．directly by the Pope D．indirectly by trader and soldiers 9．Magna Cater was proposed by the barons led by___B________against King John in 1215．A．Simon de Montfort B．Langton C．Watt Tyler D．Jack Straw12．The Doomsday Book was completed in____D______．A．1083 B．1084 C．1085 D．108615．The English Renaissance was usually thought of as beginning with the accession of _____C________to the throne A．The House of Lancaster B．The House of PlantagenetC．The House of Tudor D．The House of Stuart16．King John was forced to put his seal to Magna Carter_____B_____．A．on July 9,1215 B．June 19.1215 C．June 14,1381 D．July 15,131817．The spirit of Magna Carter was_____A_____.A．A limitation of the powers of the king B．the foundation of English libertiesC．a limitation of the powers of the barons D．an expansion of the powers of tie king22．William，Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings in BA．1065 B．1066 C．1067 D．106836．The English Renaissance is said to have begun in__C_____.A．1422 B．1478 C．1485 D．149541. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before__A____.A. 1918B. 1920C. 1928D. 194560. Parliament has the following functions except__C____.A. making lawB. authorizing taxation and public expenditureC. declaring war and making peaceD. examining the actions of the Government65. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date fromthe__A____centuries.A.l2th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15thD. 15th and 16th42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except __C___.A. Y aleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of T echnology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New Y ork are located in _D____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important ___A__ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by __B___.A. James MadisonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, __B___ adopted the Declaration of Independence.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention55. President Jefferson bought __B___ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the LouisianaC. KansasD. Ohio58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and __C___ conditions.A. economy/politicalB. social/politicalC. economy/socialD. political/cultural60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to ―save American _D____.‖A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported _______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____ centuries.11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 33. further education, high education 34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th美国概况1 The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except __C___.A George WashingtonB Thomas JeffersonC William PennD Benjamin Franklin2 The New Deal was started by __A___.A Franklin RooseveltB J.K. KennedyC George WashingtonD Thomas Jefferson3 The United States was rated __C___ in the world in terms of land areas.A secondB thirdC fourthD fifth5 The Bill of Rights consists of __C___.A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendmentB 10 amendments adopted in 1787C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion8 The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from _D____.A George WashingtonB Thomas JeffersonC John AdamsD John Locke9 The District of Manhattan is in the city if ___C__.A Washington D.C.B San FranciscoC New Y orkD Chicago10 The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states__D___.A according to their populationB according to their sizeC according to their tax paid to federal governmentD equally1 C, 华盛顿、杰弗逊和弗兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋、而William Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。