初中英语现在完成时知识点及练习题
Since 和for 的用法及区别一since 和for的用法1.since + 过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点)( 1990 , last month , half past six),用来表示过去的动作延续至今。
I have been here since 1990. 1990起,我一直在这儿。
2.for + 时间段,用来说明动作延续时间长度,因此句中的谓语动词,也应该是延续性动词。
I have been in Beijing for one year。
We have learnt English for about three years.I have been here for 3 days. (对)I have arrived here for 3 days.(误)二延续性动词和终止性动词的概念英语中,动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短,可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。
如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep,live, stay等。
终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。
三延续性动词的用法特征1..延续性动词可以用于现在完成时,其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。
表示"段时间"的短语有:for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long 等I have learned English since I came here. 自从我来到这儿就学英语了。
2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。
如:It raind at eight yesterday morning . (误)rain为延续性动词,而at eight表示"点时间",前后显然矛盾。
如果用延续性动词性动词来表示一瞬间的动作,可借助come begin get等终止性动词来表示。
上句可改为:It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)四终止性动词的用法特征1.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成,因此可用于现在完成时。
如:The train has arrived.火车到了。
Have you joined the computer group?你加入电脑小组了吗?2.终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂,不能持续。
因此,不可与表示一段时间的状语用如:(1)他死了三年了。
误:He has died for three years.正:He has been dead for three years.正:He died three years ago.(2)他来这儿五天了。
误:He has come here for five days.正:He has been here for five days.正:He came here five days ago.句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词,如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。
下面列举几例:leave→be away, borrow→keep, buy→have, begin/start→be on,die→be dead, move to→live in, finish→be over, join→be in/be a member of, open sth.→keep sth. open, fall ill→be ill, get up→be up, catch a cold→have a coldExercise一.用since和for填空1) ___for___ two years 2) ___since____ two years ago 3) ___since____ last month4) ___since___ 1999 5) ____since___ yesterday 6) ___since____ 4 o’clock7) ___for___ 4 hours 8) ___since____ an hour ago 9) ___since____ we were children10) __for___ lunch time 11) ___since___ she left here1. He has lived in Nanjing ___since_____ the year before last.2. I’ve known him _____since_____ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese ____for_____ three years.4. She has been away from the city ______for_____ about ten years.5. It’s about ten years _____since_____ she left the city.二.短暂性转换延续性①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.→ be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He ____has____ _____been____ _____in____ Beijing for ____five_________minutes_____.2) I moved to the USA last year.I ____have____ ____been____ _____in_____ the USA since ____last__________year______.3) I went home yesterday.I ___have____ ___been_____ ____at_____ home for ____one_____ _____day_____.4) They came here last week.They ____have_____ ___been______ here since ____last_____ ____week______.②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out1) He came out two years ago.He ____has_____ ____been______ _____out____ for _____two_____ _____years_____.2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We ____have____ ___been_____ ____back_____ to Fuzhou since ____yesterday______.③become → be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I ____have____ _____been_____ a teacher for ____19_____ ____years_____.2) The river became dirty last year.The river ____has_____ ____been_____ dirty for ___one______ ____year______.④close → be closed open → be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop ___has_____ ____been_____ ____closed_____ for ____two_________hours_____.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door ___has_____ ___been_____ ____open____ for six hours.⑤ di e → be deadleave sw. → be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleepfinish/end → be over1) He left Fuzhou just now.He ___has____ ____been____ ____away____ ____from_____ Fuzhou for five minutes.2) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa ___has____ __been_____ ___dead_____for ___17___ ___years_____.3) The meeting finished at six.The meeting ___has_____ ___been___ __over____ for six hours.4) I got to sleep two hours ago.I ____have____ ____been_____ _____asleep____ for____two_____ _____hous_____.⑥sta rt/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I __have__ __been__ at this school since __1995__.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film __has__ __been__ __on__ for __two__ __minutes__.⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy → h ave put on → wearcatch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → know1) They borrowed it last week.They ____have_____ ____kept_____ it since _____last_____ ____week______.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I ____have_____ ____had_____ a pen for ____two____ ____hours______.3) I got to know him last year.I ____have_____ _____known_____ him since ____last______ _____year_____.4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I _____have_____ _____worn_____ my glasses for _____three____ ____years_____.⑧have/has gone to → have been in1) He has gone to Beijing.He __has__ __been__ __in___ Beijing for two days.⑨join the league/the Party/the army→ be a member of the leag ue/the Party→ be in the league/the Party/the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He ___has_____ ___been_______ a _____member_____ _____of______ the _____league_____ for two years.He _____has_______ ____been_______ _____in______ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _____has_____ _____been_____ a _____member_ of the army_____ for _____two______ _____years______.My brother _____has______ ______been_____ in ______the______ _____army______ for two years.。
【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习(1)
必备英语【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习一、初中英语现在完成时1.The tall building here for 100 years.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. is been【答案】 C【解析】【分析】那幢高楼在这里已经有100年了。
根据for 100 years可知“高楼在这里”是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在,要用现在完成时态,其谓语动词形式为have/has+动词过去分词。
故选C。
【点评】此题考查现在完成时,平时应多归纳总结各种时态,语态和句式的结构及用法。
2.All the skirts .They very well.A. sold out;are soldB. sell out;have soldC. have been sold out;sellD. have sold out;sell【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:所有的裙子都卖完了,他们非常畅销。
第一空sell out“卖完”,强调裙子已经被卖完的状态,本句用现在完成时的被动语态:has/have+been+过去分词,sell 的过去分词为sold;第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态,在此处表一直卖得很好的状态,用一般现在时。
故选C。
【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态,注意sell的不同语态和用法。
3.The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010.A. offeredB. have offeredC. are offeringD. will offer【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查时态.句意"自2010以来,志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助.".A过去时.B现在完成时态.C现在进行时态.D一般将来时态.since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态,结构是have/has+动词的过去分词,主语是volunteers复数,用助动词have.offer的过去分词是offered.答案是B.4.My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda.A. was workingB. is workingC. has workedD. will work【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年,所以他对熊猫很了解。
初中英语现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习
【初中英语】现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习(含答案)现在完成时表示发生在过去持续到现在完成或未完成的事情,对现在造成了某种影响或产生了某种结果。
也表示到现在为止从未做过的事情。
现在完成时的谓语动词构成是:have/has+动词的过去分词(过去分词用P.P.表示),have/has叫助动词,变成否定形式是:haven’t /hasn’t +过去分词,变一般疑问句就是把have、has 提到主语前面,标点用问号, 用yes、no回答。
例如:I have ever seenthe film before. I haven't seen the film. Have you seen the film before?Yes,I have. No, Ihaven't.动词的过去分词的变化规则和过去式的规则是一样的。
分为规则变化和不规则变化。
规则变化和动词变过去式的方法一样。
不规则变化没有一定的规律性,得需要背诵。
一:把下列动词变成过去分词:1.enter _____2. afford _______3. invite______4. try ______5. stop______6. smell _______7. send _____8. dream _____9. do______ 10. get ______ 11.feel ______ 12. make _____在学习现在完成时态时,我们有时用一些词加以强调或说明。
如:just(刚刚,刚才),already(已经), ever(曾经), never(从不), yet(还未). just一般用在肯定句中,放在have/has 和过去分词之间;already 用于肯定句,放在have/has 和过去分词之间或句尾。
ever一般没有句式限制,放在have/has 和过去分词之间;never表示否定意义,放在have/has 和过去分词之间;yet用于否定句或疑问句句尾,在否定句中一般翻译为:“已经”,在疑问句中一般翻译为:“尚,还未”。
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、初中英语现在完成时1.—Do you miss your parents far away?—Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years.A. leftB. have leftC. were away fromD. have been away from【答案】 D【解析】【分析】根据句意“他们已经离家两年多了”可知用现在完成时,时间状语for over two years 表示时间段,动词要具有延续性,left是 leave的过去分词,是短暂性动词,不能和时间段连用,故选D。
【点评】本题考查延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换。
2.—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?—I've no idea. I _____ there.A. have goneB. have beenC. haven't beenD. haven't gone【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:---你觉得北京怎么样,瑞得小姐?---我不知道,我没有去过那儿。
短语:have been to去过某地(已经返回);have gone to去了某地(尚未返回),根据句意,故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语辨析,区分have been to与have gone to,理解句子,根据语境判断答案。
3.The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010.A. offeredB. have offeredC. are offeringD. will offer【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查时态.句意"自2010以来,志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助.".A过去时.B现在完成时态.C现在进行时态.D一般将来时态.since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态,结构是have/has+动词的过去分词,主语是volunteers复数,用助动词have.offer的过去分词是offered.答案是B.4.—The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days.—Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet,A. doesn't watchB. didn't watchC. won't watchD. haven't watched【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。
中考英语现在完成时练习题20题(带答案)
中考英语现在完成时练习题20题(带答案)1.I have known him_____I was a child.A.sinceB.forC.whenD.before答案解析:A。
“since+过去时间点”表示从过去某一时间点开始,一直持续到现在,符合现在完成时用法。
选项B“for+时间段”也用于现在完成时,但题干中不是时间段;选项C“when”引导时间状语从句,一般不与现在完成时连用;选项D“before”不符合此语境。
2.She_____her homework already.A.has finishedB.finishedC.will finishD.finishes答案解析:A。
“already”是现在完成时的标志词,所以用has finished。
选项B 是一般过去时;选项C 是一般将来时;选项D 是一般现在时。
3.They_____to Beijing twice.A.have goneB.have beenC.wentD.go答案解析:B。
“have been to”表示去过某地,人已经回来;“have gone to”表示去了某地,人还没回来。
根据twice 可知去过两次且人已经回来,用have been。
选项C 和D 分别是一般过去时和一般现在时。
4.He_____the book for two days.A.has borrowedB.borrowedC.has keptD.kept答案解析:C。
“for two days”是时间段,要用延续性动词,borrow 是短暂性动词,keep 是延续性动词,现在完成时用has kept。
选项 A 和B 中borrow 不能与时间段连用;选项D 是一般过去时。
5._____you ever_____to Shanghai?A.Have,beenB.Have,goneC.Did,goD.Were,go答案解析:A。
ever 是现在完成时的标志词,“have been to”表示去过某地,人已经回来;“have gone to”表示去了某地,人还没回来。
七年级英语现在完成时练习题40题(带答案)
七年级英语现在完成时练习题40题(带答案)1. I ______ my homework already.A. finishB. have finishedC. finishedD. will finish答案:B。
解析:根据现在完成时的结构“have/has + 过去分词”,句中有already( 已经)这个标志词,通常用于现在完成时,所以要用have finished。
A选项是一般现在时,C选项是一般过去时,D选项是一般将来时。
2. She ______ to the library three times this week.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. will be答案:A。
解析:句中this week(本周)表示一个时间段,three times( 三次)表示次数,这种情况下用现在完成时表示从过去到现在的经历,结构为have/has + 过去分词,这里主语是she,所以用has been。
B选项是一般过去时,C选项是一般现在时,D选项是一般将来时。
3. They ______ a lot of English words so far.A. learnB. learnedC. have learnedD. will learn答案:C。
解析:so far 到目前为止)是现在完成时的标志词,现在完成时结构是have/has + 过去分词,主语是they,所以用have learned。
A选项是一般现在时,B选项是一般过去时,D选项是一般将来时。
4. My brother ______ his new bike for a month.A. has hadB. hadC. haveD. will have答案:A。
解析:for a month( 一个月)表示一段时间,在现在完成时中可以和延续性动词连用,have 拥有)的过去分词是had,主语是my brother,是第三人称单数,所以用has had。
现在完成时(含练习题及答案)
现在完成时定义:表示在过去的某个时间已经发生的行为或者曾经做过的事情对现在产生的影响和结果。
构成:have/has+动词的过去分词(done)常与以下时间状语连用,比如:1. already/yet- I have already read that book. 我已经读过那本书了。
- Flora hasn’t finished her homework yet. 弗洛拉还未完成作业。
2. just- I have just received a letter from my brother.我刚刚收到我兄弟的来信。
3. recently- I haven’t seen him recently. 我最近没见过他。
4. ever/never- Have you ever been to London? 你去过伦敦吗?- I have never been to London. 我从未去过伦敦。
5. so far- So far I have learnt to speak German, English and French.到目前为止,我已经学会了说德语,英语和法语。
6. for引导的短语表示延续的时间,延续性动词多用于此。
- We have studied English for six years. 我们已经学习英语六年了。
7. since引导的短语,或者从句- He has lived here since 1997. 自从1997年,他就住在这里。
- We haven’t seen each other since he moved to London.自从他搬去伦敦,我们就再也没见过。
8. have/has been to 与have/has gone to /has been in的区别- He has been to the Great Wall twice. 他去过长城两次。
(表示去了人已回来)- He has gone to Beijing. 他去了北京。
英语现在完成时答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
英语现在完成时答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、初中英语现在完成时1.—Where's your father?—He _______ to Changsha.A. have beenB. has goneC. has beenD. have gone【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:——你爸爸在哪?——他去了长沙。
因为父亲不在,证明他去了某个地方没有回来。
之前发生的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时,结构为have/has+过去分词,主语he是第三人称单数,助动词用has,go的过去分词是gone,故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意去过某地用have/has been to,去了某地用have/has gone to。
2.My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda.A. was workingB. is workingC. has workedD. will work【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年,所以他对熊猫很了解。
由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知,此句要用现在完成时,主语my father,助动词要用has,故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法,注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。
3.—Your shoes are so old. Why don't you buy a new pair?—Because I all my money on an MP5.A. spendB. have spentC. am spendingD. was spending【答案】 B【解析】【分析】因为把所有的钱都花在MP5上,所以没钱买鞋。
强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响,应用现在完成时,故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的用法,强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。
七年级英语现在完成时练习题40题含答案解析
七年级英语现在完成时练习题40题含答案解析1.I _______ my homework already.A.finishedB.have finishedC.finishD.will finish答案解析:B。
本题考查现在完成时的用法。
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
句子中有already,是现在完成时的标志词。
A 选项是一般过去时;C 选项是一般现在时;D 选项是一般将来时。
只有B 选项是现在完成时。
2.She _______ to Beijing twice.A.has beenB.wasC.isD.will be答案解析:A。
句子中有twice,表示去过某地几次,要用现在完成时。
B 选项是一般过去时;C 选项是一般现在时;D 选项是一般将来时。
只有A 选项has been to 表示去过某地。
3.We _______ English for five years.A.learnB.learnedC.have learnedD.will learn答案解析:C。
for five years 是现在完成时的标志词,表示一段时间。
A 选项是一般现在时;B 选项是一般过去时;D 选项是一般将来时。
只有C 选项是现在完成时。
4.They _______ not seen the movie yet.A.haveB.hasC.areD.were答案解析:A。
yet 是现在完成时的标志词。
主语是they,所以用have。
B 选项has 用于第三人称单数;C 选项are 是be 动词的现在时;D 选项were 是be 动词的过去时。
5.Have you _______ been to Shanghai?A.everB.neverC.yetD.already答案解析:A。
ever 常用于疑问句中,表示曾经。
B 选项never 表示从未;C 选项yet 常用于否定句和疑问句中;D 选项already 常用于肯定句中。
初中英语知识点归纳现在完成时的构成与用法练习题
初中英语知识点归纳现在完成时的构成与用法练习题一、现在完成时的构成与用法现在完成时是英语中的一种时态,用于表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
它通常由助动词"have/has"加上动词的过去分词构成。
1. 构成方式:主语 + have/has + 过去分词2. 用法:(1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如:I have finished my homework.(我已经完成作业。
)She has seen that movie before.(她以前已经看过那部电影。
)(2) 表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在。
例如:I have lived in this city for ten years.(我在这个城市已经住了十年了。
)They have known each other since childhood.(他们从小就认识彼此。
)(3) 表示过去曾经发生的动作的重要性或经历。
例如:I have visited the Great Wall.(我曾经参观过长城。
)She has won several awards.(她曾经获得过几个奖项。
)(4) 与表示到目前为止一直持续的时间状语连用,表示动作从过去一直延续到现在,并可能继续下去。
例如:I have been studying English for five years.(我已经学习英语五年了,而且还将继续下去。
)He has worked here since 2010.(自2010年以来,他一直在这里工作。
)二、练习题1. 选择正确的动词形式填空。
(1) My sister ________ (finish/finished) her homework.(2) We ________ (visit/visited) the museum last weekend.(3) He ________ (be/been) to Japan twice.(4) They ________ (play/played) basketball for two hours.(5) Jenny ________ (watched/has watched) a movie with her friends.2. 根据句子意思,用现在完成时回答问题。
【中考英语】现在完成时(知识点+练习题)
2)since+ 时间段+ ago
He has stayed here since 5 hours ago. 3)since+ 从句
She has taught English since he came here.
• for: (长达)
for+ 时间段
He has kept the book for 2 weeks.
难点二
She has been to Shanghai. ( 她曾经到过上海) She has been in Shanghai for a week. (仍然在上海) She has gone to Shanghai 她到上海去了 (可能在去上海的路上,或已经到上海,总之现在没有回来)
用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空:
since 4. My friends haven’t visited me ______my birthday. for a long time . 5. We haven’t used our car _____ for 6. She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee _____years.
since 7. Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old.
难点二 have been 与have gone 的用法
比较
have been to 意思是“到过,去过”,表示曾经到过某 处,但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to 意思是“去了”,表示已经去了某地, 现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in 意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”
