精选九年级中考英语完形填空专项练习
精选九年级中考英语完形填空专项练习三、完形填空（15分）In many places of China, there are campus convenience stores (校园小卖部). Many students 36 snacks and have chats. However, recently China's education and health authorities (部门) have banned (禁止) convenience stores in all schools across the country.The regulation (规定) has taken 37 since April 1st. Schools should keep 38 of each meal and solve any food problems as soon as possible. Parents can also eat with students at school dining room. They can also give few 39 to the school on food safety and nutrition (营养).The regulation raised heated 40 . Many students were 41 about the ban (禁令). "Without convenience stores, our school life will be less 42 ," said Fang, a student in Hangzhou. “We won't be able to have different kinds of drinks or snacks.” However, many parents showed 43 for the regulation. Mr Fang, a father of a junior school student in Beijing said, “Cheap, low-quality snacks sold at these stores are 44 to children's health." He also said, “Students now rush to shops to buy snacks as soon as the class is over. It affects the normal teaching order.”And in fact many foreign countries have their own ways to make students eat 45 . For example, in Australia many parents do their best to see that their children are 46 nutritious food. In Japan, there is “foodand nutrition education”. Primary and junior high school students eat lunch in their classrooms, so they can 47 diet and nutrition, and Japan's food 48 . They also 49 to serve meals to each other, clean up, and recycle. This helps children 50 “ a sense of gratitude (感恩之心)” and “appreciate food and social manners (尊重食物和社交礼仪).” It is good for students' body and mind.( ) 36. A. buy B. sell C. enjoy D. see( ) 37. A. advice B. photos C. turns D. effect( ) 38. A. diary B. record C. notice D. watch( ) 39. A. advice B. ways C. ideas D. information( ) 40. A. care B. meetings C. excitement D. discussion( ) 41. A. sad B. happy C. excited D. interested( ) 42. A. interesting B. important C. difficult D. beautiful( ) 43. A. please B. love C. support D. thank( ) 44. A. hopeful B. wonderful C. useful D. harmful( ) 45. A. quickly B. healthily C. happily D. slowly( ) 46. A. taken B. bought C. refused D. served( ) 47. A. learn from B. learn about C. learn of D. learn by( ) 48. A. culture B. taste C. colour D. habit( ) 49. A. take off B. take turns C. take down D. take back( ) 50. A. develop B. have C. begin D. find三、完形填空36~40 A D B C D41~45 A A C D B46~50 D B A B A三、完型填空(15分)Tom and Amy began to work in a company together just 41 they finished high school. They both worked very 42 . After several years, the boss made Amy sales manager 43 Tom a salesman. Tom could not bear that any more. He wrote his resignation(辞呈) to the boss and 44 that the boss did not value hard-working workers.The boss knew that Tom didn’t work wisely for the company all these years, but in order to help Tom to realize the 45 between him and Amy, the boss asked Tom to do the following thing.“Go and find out whether there is anyone 46 watermelons in the market or not.”Tom went, 47 and said only a “Yes”.The boss asked,“How much per kilo?”Tom 48 the market to ask and offered the boss an answer, “$12 per kilo.”The boss told Tom to ask Amy 49 question. Here was Amy’s reply:“Boss, only one person sells watermelons, and every watermelon weighs about 5 kilograms. $12 per kilo, 50 for 10 kilos. Because the more you buy, the lower the price will be. He has about 150 watermelons in all. They were bought from South China two days ago. They are 51 .”Tom realized the problem at once. He decided not to leave but to 52 Amy.My dear friends, you know, a more successful person is 53 , he always thinks more and understands in depth. For the same matter, he sees one year ahead(提前), while you see only 54 ahead. The difference between them is 365 times, so how could you win?55 do you think you have seen ahead in your life?41. A. after B. before C. when D. while42. A. fast B. carefully C. hard D. happily43. A. and B. but C. or D. so44. A. told B. complained C. heard D. sang45. A. importance B. meaning C. advantage D. difference46. A. buying B. selling C. eating D. picking47. A. left B. arrived C. reached D. returned48. A. showed around B. walked around C. went back to D. called back to49. A. another B. a different C. the other D. the same50. A. $120 B. $100 C. $140 D. $20051. A. fresh and red B. dry and red C. dry and black D. fresh and black52. A. make friends with B. communicate with C. learn from D. chat with53. A. easier B. happier C. more careful D. more interesting54. A. one day B. one week C. one month D. one year55. A. How long B. How often C. How many D. How far三、ACBBD BDCDB ACCAD三．完形填空。
九年级中考英语完形填空复习题含答案(1)
一、完形填空1．阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everybody has his own hero in mind and is always trying to copy his behaviors in life. As for me, my 1 is just that man. My grandfather had a small farm. He also worked in a 2 .One autumn, most of the farmers in the village were all 3 , so he promised to help his neighbor harvest the corn as he often did. 4 , after harvesting his own corn, Grandpa's little corn machine broke. What was 5 , the factory where Grandpa worked made the workers have extra work. He had to 6 the farm early and didn't get back until very late. It now seemed 7 to help out his neighbor because he really had no free time.One night, Grandpa 8 that he wouldn't let his neighbor's harvest rot （腐烂） in the field. Without a 9 , he'd harvest it by hand.“I don't think you'd have time to do it,” said my grandma. “ 10 , it'd be too dark to do anything at night.”“I know of one night that I could do it!” he 11 . “There's still one more full moon in October. If the 12 is clear, I think I can do it.”A few days later, after a long shift （轮班） at the factory, my grandpa went to the 13 . The weather was cold but clear. He cut all the corn through the night to 14 his word.Sometimes, when I want to put off responsibilities, I'd see my grandfather 15 corn in the light of the harvest moon. Behind him, row after row of corn stocks （玉米秸秆） stand at attention in respect for a man who keeps his word.1. A. father B. mother C. grandfather D. grandmother2. A. school B. factory C. shop D. cinema3. A. happy B. free C. busy D. nervous4. A. Anyway B. However C. Luckily D. Usually5. A. worse B. better C. earlier D. later6. A. sell B. leave C. clean D. return7. A. relaxing B. impossible C. interesting D. dangerous8. A. thought B. learned C. wondered D. guessed9. A. friend B. hand C. machine D. farmer10. A. whenever B. besides C. although D. because11. A. lived B. refused C. explained D. nodded12. A. weather B. air C. water D. day13. A. factory B. field C. river D. house14. A. keep B. talk C. eat D. stay15. A. eating B. growing C. pulling D. cutting【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）C；（4）B；（5）A；（6）B；（7）B；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）B；（14）A；（15）D；【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了祖父是作者心目中的英雄,是努力想要模仿的人。
2024中考英语专项练习--完形填空(10空)20篇(含解析)
完形填空（10空）20篇Passage 1（2024·四川南充·一模）Have you heard the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法)? A 16-year-old student Cao Chenzhe saved his classmate’s life by using it.One evening in March, 1 having dinner at the school dining hall, Cao Chenzhe noticed a classmate’s face turning purple as he struggled to 2 .“Oh no, 3 is stuck in his throat!” Cao quickly realized the problem and performed the Heimlich maneuver. Standing 4 his classmate. He pressed hard into his chest (胸膛) with upward thrusts (向上推力). After trying many times, a large rice ball came out of the classmate’s 5 .Cao learned the Heimlich maneuver during a safety education class. “The teacher showed us the 6 in detail (详细地) and we practiced with each other,” said Cao.Apart from these classes, the school organizes safety education classes every month and provides students 7 different forms about safety education such as competitions and role-playing activities. At the same time, the school 8 students to take online courses on the Ministry of Education’s online safety education platform. “The more diversified (多样性的) the forms are, the more engaged (参与的) the students will be,” A vice principal said.When talking about safety education, Cao hoped students of his age to take it 9 . “We should learn to protect 10 and others in a scientific way,” he said.1．A．until B．while C．before D．after 2．A．breathe B．eat C．sleep D．smile 3．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything4．A．in front of B．across from C．next to D．behind 5．A．face B．pose C．ear D．throat 6．A．process B．product C．purpose D．power7．A．of B．for C．to D．with8．A．prevents B．avoids C．encourages D．allows 9．A．easily B．happily C．seriously D．widely 10．A．yourself B．themselves C．yourselves D．ourselvesPassage 2（2024·湖北武汉·一模）The power of attitude (态度的力量)!“Look, it’s Baldy (秃头) !” A boy shouted to me on the playground. Although I was often insulted (侮辱) because of the scars (伤疤) on my head, it was 11 to hear.When I was just 20 months old, I had an accident (事故) — a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head. My parents sent me to hospital at once and I had to stay there for weeks while the doctors tried their best to save my 12 . “It is very lucky for your daughter to be alive,” they told my mum and dad. “But she’ll be left with scars on her head, and of course her hair won’t 13 there.”As a child, I 14 my scars very much, so I always wore a hat to cover them up when I left home. If I didn’t, people would call me terrible names like Baldy. One day, I took part in a children’s burns (烫伤) camp. There I made a friend, a 14-year-old girl, Mary. Her burns were a lot more serious than 15 . But she was so strong that she 16 showed any sadness. “You shouldn’t listen to what people talk about what you look like because we’re not 17 from anyone else.” She told me sincerely (真诚地) . “You don’t need to wear a hat because you look great too without it.” So later, at my 13th birthday party, I took off my 18 and showed off my scars. It felt amazing not having to hide (隐藏) away 19 my hat.Now I am confident of what I look like and much happier because I know it is your attitude that tells 20 you truly are.11．A．excited B．sad C．happy D．bored 12．A．head B．face C．scars D．life 13．A．grow B．add C．keep D．clean 14．A．asked about B．talked about C．cared about D．looked after 15．A．me B．her C．mine D．hers 16．A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．never 17．A．different B．far C．free D．safe 18．A．shoes B．hat C．coat D．sweater19．A．before B．behind C．on D．without 20．A．which B．what C．who D．wherePassage 3（2024·广东广州·一模）A man who lived a long time ago believed that he could read the future in the stars. He called himself an Astrologer (占星家) and spent his time at night looking at the sky. He was always 21 worrying about future and villagers often came to him, hoping to know what their future holds.One evening he was walking along the open road outside the village. His eyes were 22 on the stars. He thought he saw there that the end of the world was near. He lost in his 23 about the future. As he was looking at the stars, he kept walking without looking down.24 , he fell into a ditch (沟) full of mud and water.He was sinking in the muddy water, and madly trying to hold on to the slippery (滑的) side of the hole in his effort to climb out. He was unable to climb out and 25 for his life. He started shouting for help. His cries for help soon brought the villagers running.As they pulled him out of the 26 , one of them said, “You pretend to read the future in the stars, and yet you 27 to see what is at your feet! This may teach you to pay more attention to what is right in front of you, and let the future take care of itself.”“What use is it,” said another, “to read the 28 , when you can’t see what’s right here on the Earth?”We all want our future to be 29 and happy, but the time doesn’t stop for anyone. Each tomorrow 30 today, and your present is also a part of your future. There is always a tomorrow to look forward to and improve, but you can’t go back to yesterday. So, keep the balance of your present life and work for a better tomorrow.21．A．proud B．worth C．angry D．busy22．A．fixed B．kept C．put D．tied 23．A．challenge B．direction C．thought D．research 24．A．Slowly B．Carefully C．Suddenly D．Excitedly 25．A．fearful B．painful C．harmful D．careful 26．A．lake B．sand C．mud D．fire 27．A．refuse B．fail C．happen D．decide 28．A．signs B．stories C．books D．stars 29．A．famous B．bright C．pretty D．clever 30．A．pours into B．turns into C．looks into D．steps intoPassage 4（2024·甘肃武威·二模）In my teenage years, I once joined a learning program at a college in summer. It helped kids to 31 what college is like. One afternoon, my friend Claude and I found a 32 on an outdoor basketball court, so we start a game of one-on-one.At the time, Claude was not only 33 than me, but also better at basketball. I 34 fast but I was confident, so I drove hard to the basket and missed it! The ball bounced off the rim (从篮筐弹回) and I jumped up to catch it. Just as I was about to catch it, I saw an elbow (肘) above my face.As Claude caught the ball, his elbow came down hard, right into my 35 . I saw stars everywhere. The pain was terrible. Claude kept saying “sorry” over and over. I felt the pain and36 .I spent the next few days walking around with a black eye, 37 it was worth it. For years afterward, I got a laugh whenever I told the story and joked about Claude’s elbows of death.In this life, we all get an elbow to the eye sometimes. Our plans fail. Things work against 38 . Our ups become downs. When this happens, it’s best to 39 it with laughter and forgiveness (原谅). 40 , you can turn your pain into joy and you can learn and grow. 31．A．forget B．experience C．imagine D．accept 32．A．college B．book C．basketball D．building 33．A．shorter B．older C．younger D．taller34．A．fell behind B．turn to C．went ahead D．passed out 35．A．head B．hand C．nose D．eye36．A．laughed B．cried C．sighed D．regretted 37．A．or B．but C．unless D．so38．A．him B．them C．us D．me 39．A．avoid B．share C．expect D．face40．A．In addition B．In this way C．Above all D．In factPassage 5（2024·安徽黄山·一模）World Book Day falls on April 23rd every year. It was 41 by the UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) in 1955 to encourage people, especially teenagers, to discover the pleasure of reading. Many countries 42 World Book Day. On that day in the UK, millions of students can buy books of special 43 , much lower than usual in any bookstore. It has been done 44 1998.Why do people like reading? Reading can benefit (有益于) people 45 . Firstly, reading helps us become more knowledgeable and more intelligent. Secondly, reading helps us to follow the 46 developments of science and technology. Besides, reading provides us with information about other culture and places of the world. When we read, we may find many things 47 are unfamiliar to us. We would have to use our brain to think about them or do more reading to find out the answers. The more we read, the 48 we know. What’s more, reading is also one of the most important ways to learn a foreign language. We all know that we 49 learn everything at school, for example, the ways English people are speaking and writing today.“Reading 50 a full man.” Books, magazines, newspapers can help us to know more about the outside world and perfect us, So it is necessary for us to read every day.41．A．put up B．give up C．set up D．get up 42．A．celebrate B．control C．communicate D．connect 43．A．way B．method C．prize D．price44．A．of B．from C．since D．by45．A．in the way B．by the way C．in any way D．in many ways 46．A．last B．latest C．later D．earlier 47．A．that B．where C．how D．those 48．A．less B．fewer C．more D．least49．A．must B．can’t C．have to D．can 50．A．wants B．moves C．hopes D．makesPassage 6（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）My grandfather often said “I won’t” to show his dislike of dishonesty. When he was young, he worked 51 a furniture (家具) maker. One day, a neighbor invited him to make some furniture. When arriving, he noticed the wood provided was a little 52 , so he said, “I won’t start right away.” He chose to let the wood dry for a 53 . He knew working with that wood could cause problems later on.Around the same time, 54 furniture maker was also asked to do a similar job by a different family. Unlike my grandfather, he started working right away. As a result, the neighbor started doubting my grandfather, thinking he was trying to make more money by 55 the work. However, my grandfather waited patiently. He wanted the best quality (品质) for the furniture he was making.A month later, that furniture maker received his money and went back home. When the wood was 56 dry, my grandfather began to make strong and beautiful furniture. A few months passed and the furniture made by 57 began to break. The neighbor then realized he was wrong and 58 doubting my grandfather. At that moment, people started to understand his honesty and skill, spreading his fame far and wide.Influenced by my grandfather, my father also follows the saying “I won’t”. He always provides the freshest food, which makes his restaurant very 59 in town. Now, my brother and I keep in mind what our grandfather and father taught us. Through ups and downs in life, we’ve come to deeply understand our family 60 behind this saying—to be truthful and honest.根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
初中英语九年级下学期完形填空专项练习(含答案)
初中英语九年级下学期完形填空专项练习（含答案）Some students cheat(作弊) because they're busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without 1 the time studying. Other students might feel that they can't 2 the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a "good reason" for cheating, it isn't a good idea.A student who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test 3 to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some better ways together. Talking about these problems and 4 them out will help feel better than cheating.If a student gets caught cheating, the teacher may give a "zero" on the test, send him or her to the head teacher's 5 , and call his or her parents. Worse than the 6 grade may be the feeling of having disappointed those people, like parents and teachers. A parent may worry that you are not an 7 person and a teacher might watch you more closely the next time you're taking a test.There are plenty of reasons why a kid shouldn't cheat, but some students have already cheated. If that's you, it's 8 too late to stop cheating. Cheating can become a 9 , but a student is always able to act better and make better 10 . It might help to talk the problem over with a parent, teacher, or friend.1. A. taking B. spending C. costing D. using2. A. write B. exercise C. pass D. expect3. A. decides B. hopes C. refuses D. needs4. A. breaking B. dreaming C. missing D. working5. A. office B. school C. seat D. conversation6. A. natural B. dangerous C. anxious D. bad7. A. outside B. boring C. interesting D. honest8. A. always B. never C. once D. neither9. A. menu B. medicine C. habit D. match10. A. education B. decisions C. challenges D. risks参考答案B C D D A D D B C B。
初三英语完形填空的专项练习题
初三英语完形填空的专项练习题初三英语完形填空的专项练习题Our dog Zip is always bringing things home for us to keep! Many of them were to bears, lambs and ducks. We never could 1 the owners.One day Dad was 2 the paper, listen to this, everybobyhe said.To the person who took a teddy bear from a childs wagon(推车) -please bring back the toy bear. Our two-year-old son is very 3 .Zip has been 4 again, said Anita.Yes, said Dad, Well, the paper gives the 5 . This time I can take back Zips __6 .Do you think it 7 to do that? Mom asked. If you tell about Zip, who will believe you?I will 8 until dark. Then Ill just put the Teddy bear at the front door and walk away. 9 will see me.Dads idea 10 worded. He put Teddy at the gate. He turned to walk away - and knocked into a chair!Dad started to 11 . But he didnt get very far. The gate lights came on, A man threw open the door. 12 is going on here? he called out.Dad didnt even try to 13 . He just wanted to get away. Then the man saw 14 He shouted after Dad. How 15 can you get! he said, Taking toys from babies!1. A, pay B. agree C. find D. choose2. A. buying B. reading C. writing D. sending3. A. sad B, surprised C. happy D. afraid4. A. busy B. lazy C. sorry D. worried5. A. picture B. story C. address D. time。
初三英语完形填空和阅读理解专项练习带答案
初三英语完形填空和阅读理解专项练习Exercise 1 Name______________一、完形填空。
There is good news for the children in the countryside. We may still remember the girl 1 big eyes. Her big eyes are 2 us her dream: I wish to 3 ! In China, there are still 4 girls and boys like her. They want to go to school, but their 5 are too poor. If the family has two or three children, it is harder to 6 the money for all the children. So the parents often ask 7 to stay at home, and boys to go to school. Now they needn’t8 the money. From 2006 on, children can go to school for free in some poor places. They don’t have to pay for books and other things. Some of them can even get money from the government（政府）to make their life 9 . Soon, all the children in the countryside can go to school for free. All families are very happy with the news. It is 10 great.( )1. A. with B. on C. to D. in( )2. A. saying B. telling C. speaking D. talking( )3. A. go to work B. go to bed C. go to school D. go home( )4. A. a lot B. 1ot of C. a lot of D. much( )5. A. schools B. cities C. houses D. families( )6. A. pay B. take C. buy D. lend( )7. A. teachers B. girls C. boys D. all the children( )8. A. look up B. turn on C. worry about D. make sure( )9. A. better B. shorter C. longer D. worse( )10. A. not B. never C. hardly D. really二．阅读理解。
初中英语完形填空专项练习附答案
初中英语完形填空专项练习附答案一、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析）1．先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
At my heaviest I weighed370pounds.I had a very poor relationship with food:I used it to 1bad feelings,to make myself feel better,and to celebrate.Worried about my health,I tried many different kinds of diets but nothing worked.I came to believe that I could do nothing about my weight.When I was50,my weight problem began to affect me2.I didn't want to live the rest of my life with this extra weight any more.That year,I3a seminar（研讨课）where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.A seminar leader shared her4story—she had not only lost125pounds,but also raised＄25,000for homeless children.5by her story,I created the As We heal（痊愈）,the World Heals project.My goal was to lose150pounds in one year and raise$50,000.In this way,I could not only heal myself but heal the world by supporting a movement set up30years ago to end hunger.6I began my own personal weight program,I was filled with the fear that I would run into the same difficulties that beat me before.While the7hung over my head,there were also signs that I was headed down the right path.I sent letters to everyone I knew,telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began8in from hundreds of people.Of course,I also took some practical steps to lose weight.I hired a fitness coach.I began to eat small and9meals and exercise often.A year later,I10my goal:I lost150pounds and raised$50,000!I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is meaningful and great.1.A.add B.mix C.kill D.share2.A.simply B.specially C.secretly D.seriouslyanized B.mentioned C.attended D.recommended4.A.sad B.successful C.ancient D.cartoon5.A.Surprised B.Reminded C.Influenced D.controlled6.A.AS B.Until C.If D.Unless7.A.excitement B.fear C.anger D.joy8.A.breaking B.stepping C.jumping D.flooding9.A.heavy B.healthy C.expense D.full10.A.reached B.remembered C.missed D.dropped【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）C；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）B；（10）A；【解析】【分析】短文大意：主要讲述作者为了消除坏情绪而乱吃东西，导致自己体重超标，到了50岁，肥胖问题严重影响了健康，作者希望这种情况得到改变，在讨论队队长的影响下，作者开始制定并实施计划，不但使自己减重150磅，还通过募捐帮助了需要帮助的人，这是一件很有意义的事情。
初三英语完形填空十篇(含答案).
初三英语完形填空十篇(含答案1.When learning new vocabulary, don’t just memorize a list of words. Instead, try to ___1___five sentences using each word. Then use the new word as often as you can___2___day you learn it. This ___3___you will remember new words much longer.Practicing sounds, you know, is ___4___ —the “th” sound for example. Choose words that begin ___5___ “th” and repeat them over and over again ___6___you are comfortable with them. Let’s try! This, that, those, them, think, thought, through, thin, thi c k…Read, read, read—in English, of course! Reading is one of the best ways to increase your vocabulary ___7___improve your grammar in a natural and fun way. Be ___8___to choose topic or books you are interested in.When someone is speaking in English, ____9____the main point. If you hear a word you don’t understand, ignore (忽略 it and go on listening. If you stop and think about the word, you will ___10___everything else the person is saying.Always remember—Practice makes perfect.( 1. A say B. make C. remember D. speak( 2. A. the first B. the second C. each D. some( 3. A. day B. time C. way D. word( 4. A. difficult B. terrible C. funny D. easy( 5. A. with B. from C. at D. in( 6. A. when B. after C. until D. since( 7. A. but B. so C. or D. and( 8. A. quick B. sure C. important D. necessary( 9. A. look for B. see C. listen for D. hear( 10. A. miss B. guess C. get D. catch1-5 B A C A A 6-10 C D B C A2.When Billy came to class one morning, he noticed that something was different. Mrs. Green was not in her 51_____ place. She was standing in the middle of the classroom, and 52______ was hiding behind her."Class," she said. "This is Fritz from 53____. Please say hello to him. " The class were in silence. Mrs. Green said again, "Say hello to our new friend. " But still, 54_____said a word. " All right, then. " said Mrs. Green. "Billy, please 55______ Fritz to his new desk beside yours.""Hi, Fritz," said Billy. "Please come with me. " But Fritz would 56_____. He was holding on to 57_____. He said something, 58_____ nobody could understand. Some of the boys started to laugh. Billy felt 59 _____for him. Then, Billy said something no one else could un derstand 60 ____ Fritz. Fritz smiled and shook Billy's hands(握手'."Wow!" everyone was surprised. Billy was proud. He said "I said," Hello' in German. I heard it once on TV."( 1. A. only B. usual C. good D. comfortable( 2. A. a new teacher B. a new girl C. a new boy D. Billy( 3. A. England B. America C. France D. Germany( 4. A. no one B. Billy C. a student D. Fritz( 5. A. ask B. carry C. put D. take( 6. A. come B. not move C. not say D. speak( 7. A. another student's book B. Billy's handC. Mrs. Green's skirtD. the teacher's desk( 8. A. but B. so C. because D. still( 9. A. happy B. excited C. afraid D. sorry( 10. A. with B. except C.. of D. about1-5 B C D A D 6-10 B B A D B3.Man has a big brain. He can think, learn and speak. Scientists always say that men are different from animals 1._____ they can think and learn. They know now that animals can also learn. So scientists are beginning to understand that men are different from animals because they can speak. Animals can not speak. They make noises when they are afraid or unhappy. Apes (无尾猿 can understand some things 2._____ quickly than men, and one or two have learned 3._____ words. But they are still different from us. They can not join words and make sentences.They can not think 4._____ us because they have 5._____ language. They can never think about the past or the future. Language is a wonderful thing. Man has 6._____ build a modern world because he has language. 7._____child can speak his own language very well when he was four or five.8._______no animals learn to speak. 9._____ do children learn? Scientists do not know.10._____happens inside our body when we speak? They only know that man can speak because he hasa brain.( 1. A. after B. if C. before D. because( 2. A. quickly B. quicklier C. more quickly D. quicker( 3. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little( 4. A. as B. about C. like D. over( 5. A. not B. a C. no D. some( 6. A. to able to B. be able to C. able to D. been able to( 7. A. Each B. Every C. One D. All( 8. A. or B. so C. and D. but( 9. A. How B. What C. Why D. Which( 10. A. Where B. When C. What D. How1-5 D C B C C 6-10 D B D A C4.Mr. Lee had never been up in an airplane before and he had read a lot about accidents. SO one day when a friend came to his house and 1. ____ to take him for a ride in his own small plane , Mr. Lee was very 2._____.He thought to himself , "If I don'tagree ,my friend may not be happy.3_____ if I agree ,I'm really afraid that there might he some danger." 4.___,however , his friend made him believe that it was very 5. ____,and Mr. Lee got on the plane .His friend 6._____ the engine and the plane began to move along on the ground of the 7. _____. Mr. Lee was frightened and closed his eyes. After a minute or two he opened them 8.____, looked out of the window of the plane and said to his friend." Look 9____those people down over there .They look as10____as ants, don't they?""Those are ants ,"answered his friend, "we are still on the ground."( 1. A. offered B. allowed C. agreed D. afford( 2. A. excited B. grateful C. worried D. glad( 3. A. As B. For C. So D. But( 4. A. Finally B. First C. Last D. But( 5. A. interesting B. safe C. comfortable D. enjoyable( 6. A. began B. carried C. moved D. started( 7. A. airport B. town C. station D. yard( 8. A. again B. once C. quickly D. easily( 9. A. up B. at C. over D. after( 10. A. short B. big C. strange D. small1-5 A C D A B 6-10 D A A B D5.When you are invited to a meal in Thailand(泰国,The words of the invitation means "come and eat rice." In fact, nearly all the Thai dishes are 1._____ with rice, which grows there easily, 2._____ the climate(气候is warm and there is much rain.The food that is served is 3._____ cut into pieces, so there is no need to use knives or forks but, instead, special spoons and forks are used. The Thais 4.____ to eat with their hands and now there are still some people who eat in this way. There is a special 5.____ of doing it. First, they wash their 6.____ hands in a bowl of water----they only eat with their right hands. They are careful not to let the food 7._____ the palm(手掌心of their hands. After the meal, the 8.____ are again carefully washed.The meal usually has several different dishes. They are all hot. The dishes are served in bowl which everyone shares(共享,9._____ each person has their own bowl of10._____. As Thailand has a long coastline(海岸线,it is not surprising that fish and shellfish(水生有壳动物play an important part in Thai cooking.( 1. A. eaten B. used C. smelled D. tasted( 2. A. when B. if C. because D. so( 3. A. never B. perhaps C. hardly. D. always( 4. A. went B. had C. wanted D. used( 5. A. reason B. way C. idea D. result( 6. A. dirty B. right C. left D. big( 7. A.touch. B. catch C. feel D. drop( 8. A. forks B. spoons C. hands D. bowls( 9. A. because B. though C. since D. until( 10. A. fish B. rice C. water D. shellfish1-5 A C D D B 6-10 B A C A B6.There are many ways for us to reduce (减少 waste. For 1.____ , we can reuse paper and plastic bags. We can also recycle newspapers, glass, and cans (易拉罐 to make new things. Here are some useful ways to 2.____ waste.Write on 3._____ sides of paperMany people write on only one side of their paper. Why not stop wasting the other side? Some students only use half the pages of their 4._____ before getting new ones. Try to use up all the paper. People often give cards on birthdays or festivals. How about trying to 5._____ e-cards instead?Don't throw away your old batteries.Maybe you do not know that old batteries make the earth 6.____ . This is because they have poisonous parts in them. So, don't throw away batteries. 7._____ them together. Try to use rechargeable (充电的 batteries for your games and CD players.Give off all your unwanted clothesThere are many poor families in China. You may ask your mother to 8.____ your unwanted clothes. Then you can pass them on to those poor children. You will feel_9._____ that you are helping someone else. Also, you can understand 10.____ your friends or relatives (亲戚 want them before throwing them away.( 1. A. reason B. example C. use D. people( 2. A. produce B. protect C. reduce D. pollute( 3. A. every B. both C. all D. one( 4. A. exercises B. schoolbags C. notebooks D. papers( 5. A. send B. buy C. receive D. waste( 6. A. dry B. rich C. clean D. dirty( 7. A. Throw B. Keep C. Try D. Lose( 8. A. like B. sell C. throw D. collect( 9 A. angry B. tired C. moved D. happy( 10. A. that B. if C. though D. whatBCBCA DBDDB7.When I had something difficult to do,I used to ask my mother for help. But she always said, "Do it yourself,dear." I was not 1.____ at all. I thought she was the 2.____ mother in the world!For example,one day,I decided to 3.____ some friends to my home. My bedroom was not in order. Books were everywhere. And I didn't make the bed. I asked my 4.____ to help me clean it,5.____ she still said,"Do it yourself,girl."Because of my "lazy mother",I have to 6._____ my clothes and clean my room. I have to help my parents 7.____ I even have to go to the dentist by myself. It is really hard for me to do everything well,As time goes by,I understand my mother. She makes me clever and diligent (勤奋的9.____ aA 10.____ mother is worth(等值于1. A. old B. glad2. A. tallest B. most foolish3. A. leave B. invite4. A. mother B. father5. A. or B. when6. A. wash B. lead7. A. do housework B. go swimming8. A. on show B. by mistake9. A. Which B. What10. A. young B. good C. happy1-5 BCBAC 6-10 AACBB8.A story tells that two friends were walking through the desert( 沙漠. During the trip they had a1.____ , and one friend hit the other in the face. The one who was beaten was hurt, but without saying2.____ , he wrote in the sand: " Today my best friend hit me in the face."They 3.____ on walking until they found a lake, where they decided to take abath(洗澡. The one, who had been beaten, fell into the lake and started drowning(溺水, but the friend saved him. After he came back to life from the near drowning, he wrote on a 4.____ : " Today my best friend saved my life."The friend who had hit and 5.____ his best friend asked: " 6.____ I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now, you wrote on a stone, why?" The other friend 7._____ : " When someone hurts us, we should write it down in sand 8.____ wind can blow it away.9.____ , when someone does something good for us, we must write it down in stone where no 10.____ can ever blow it away."( 1. A. talk B. joke C. fight D. picnic( 2. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything( 3. A. kept B. continued C. lasted D. tried( 4. A. sand B. stone C. tree D. wall( 5. A. killed B. hurt C. saved D. made( 6. A. Before B. While C. Until D. After( 7. A. replied B. asked C. questioned D. required( 8. A. which B. how C. where D. when( 9. A. Although B. Or C. But D. If( 10. wind B. water C. air D. sand1-5 CCABC 6-10 DACCA9.Eyes Can SpeakMuch meaning can be carried clearly, with our eyes, so it is often 1.____ that eyes can speak.Do you have such kind of 2.____ ? In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not too long. And if he 3._____ that he is being looked at, he may feel uncomfortable. The same in daily life. If you are looked at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down, to see if there is 4.____ wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel 5.____ toward the person who is looking at you that way. Eyes do speak, right?Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite. But sometimes things are different. If a man looks at a woman for more than 10 seconds ,it may mean that he wishes to attract(吸引her attention, to make her understand that he 6.____ her. When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, 7.____ make sure that the listener does pay attention 8.____ what he or she is speaking. Lovers will enjoy looking at each other or being looked at for a long time, to show something that 9.____ cannot express.Clearly, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the place 10.____ you stay.1. A. spoken B. said2. A. experience B. eyes3. A. found B. knew4. A. anything B. something5. A. happy B. angry6. A. loves B. hates7. A. in order that B. so that8. A. for B. of9. A. eyes B. words 10. A. which B. that 1-45 BACAB 6-10 ACDBC C. told C. mind C. finds C. everything C. sad C. thanks C. in order to C. with C. minds C. where D.talked D. news D. saw D. nothing D. thankful D. looks at D. for D. to D. body D. there 10. We are lucky to live in a rich country where we have many things. However, most of us usually 1._____ some things. Electricity is one thing 2.____ we waste most. Lights, TVs, 3.____ and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them off when we do not need them. It 4.____ less than a second to do it. Anyhow, not wasting electricity save money, because we do not have to 5._____ the electricity we do not use. The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is precious*, 6.____ it shouldn't be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap*. I am sure 7.____ can do this easily if he wants to. 8.____ big waste is food. My mother9.____ cook so much food that much of it was thrown away. I told her we had wasted so much 10._____. She thought I was right and now cooks __11_ what we can eat. It is not 12.____ to be wasteful. I find there is a simple 13.____ of not wasting things. That is to use only what we 14.____. Do not touch what we do not need. 15.____ this way we can stop being wasteful. 1. A. use B. wash C. waste D. forget. 2. A. what B. that C. whose D. who 3. A. radios B. apples C. bikes D. doors 4. A. brings B. costs C. keeps D. takes 5. A. afford B. save C. pay for D. care for 6. A. though B. because C. so D. but 7. A. nobody B. something C. everybody D. nothing 8. A. Others B. Other C. Another D. The other 9. A. planned to B. used to C. was able to D. was afraid to 10. A. electricity B. water C. food D. money 11. A. mainly B. only C. mostly D. specially 12. A. right B. fine C. bad D. necessary 13. A. way B. thing C. plan D. project 14. A. buy B. need C. bring D. get 15. A. On B. In C. For D. At 1-5 C BADC 6-10 CCCBC 11-15 BAABB 6。
精选汇编九年级中考英语15篇完型填空专题提高训练(含答案)(20200710172954)
九年级中考英语15篇完型填空专题提高训练完形填空( 共15分, 每小题1.5分)阅读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳答案. Mum’s Christmas SurpriseMolly ran back home from school and dropped her schoolbag on the sofa. Then on the table she saw “Mum’s Wish Book” - a mail order catalog (商品目录) from a gift shop. “Mum,” she said excitedly to herself, “this year you’ll get the gloves you want!” Molly had walked a dog for a neighbor and saved h31 all year to buy Mum the gloves. She opened “Mum’s Wish Book” and hoped that she could find these _ 32 in it. Tears ran down her face when she saw the gloves in the catalog. Mum wouldn’t buy them for herself, because the family had a 33 time on the farm. She once heard Mum say to Dad, “Maybe some day, I’ll havto get them. ”Molly ran out by the back door and went straight to the post office. There she carefully filled out the order form torn from the catalog. “I need to buy a stamp to 34 the form. ”She said to Mr. Smith, the only worker in the post o“Umm, a pair of gloves? ”said Mr. Smith, as he passed a stamp to her. “Yes, It’s a Christmas gift for Mum, but please don’t tell her. It’s our 35 , OK? realize how white Mr. Smith’s beard was until that moment. In face, he reminded her of Santa Claus. As Molly walked back home, she decided to tell Dad her secret. “You’ve got to check the mailboevery day, ”said Molly 36 to Dad. He nodded, with a big smile. Coming home from school every day, Molly peeked at ( 偷看) Dad when Mum wasn’t 37 , but every time he shook his head. On Christmas Eve, Dad came back from mailbox, still empty handed. Molly felt 38 when she went to bed, because she didn’t have the gloves for Mum. Before Christmas dinner, as Mum took the apple pies out of the oven, Molly began 39 the table. Suddenly, they heard someone pulling up the driveway. From the window they saw Mr. Smith making his way to the door, with a box in his hand. Mr. Smith 40 Mum the box, “I believe this is youMum looked from Dad to Molly and opened the box. Her eyes lit up when she saw the gloves. who bought these for me? ”she asked. “Santa did, ”said Molly smilingly. “Ho! Ho! Ho! Merry Christmas!”Mr. Smith, with a loud laugh. It was Christmas that no one would ever forget. ( )31. A. timeB. moneyC. energy D. food( )32. A. flowers B. sunglasses C. gloves D. chocolates( )33. A. hard B. lonely C. short D. busy( )34. A. design B. check C. complete D. send( )35. A. secret B. choice C. dream D. task( )36. A. patiently B. doubtfully C. proudly D. quietly( )37. A. working B. looking C. smiling D. talking( )38. A. sad B. strange C. angry D. tired( )39. A. pushing B. changing C. setting D. booking( )40. A. bought B. handed C. lent D. returned.
九年级英语中考复习完形填空专题练习
九年级英语中考复习完形填空专题练习(一)For most people, getting a car opens up a new world of freedom and allows you to go wherever you want and whenever you want. Getting a car did 1 these for me, and it also brought my best friend and me 2 . But then it tore us apart（分开）.My best friend lives three minutes from my home. Since her 3 is in late summer, seven months behind mine, I seemed to become her 4 when I turned 16 in December.And so I picked her up for school and took her home. We made ice-cream 5 , went shopping and to the movies — all in my car. I would drive to her house just to sit on her bed, read magazines and have a good laugh. I went to her house so frequently that she gave me a key 6 her house.A week after I began to drive, she was with me 7 I had my first accident. She was there and comforted me and we kept it a 8 , since I didn’t want people to 9 . From then on, through thick and thin（患难与共）, it was just me, my car and my best friend.High school is a time of 10 , but I couldn’t understand for a long time11 we became so distant. Finally, my friend got her dream car. With its 12 , the passenger seat of my car became 13 . Our car trips became less frequent until I didn’t 14 drive down her street.It’s funny how a car can change a relationship so much. I had wanted her to get a car, but once she did, I 15 it. I wanted her friendship back, even if it couldn’t be t he same.1. A. some B. any C. none D. all2. A. luckier B. farther C. closer D. happier3. A. course B. birthday C. holiday D. job4. A. follower B. guide C. driver D. partner5. A. plans B. parties C. classes D. trips6. A. to B. of C. for D. it7. A. while B. but C. after D. when8. A. pride B. joke C. secret D. favorite9. A. see B. help C. know D. laugh10. A. interest B. change C. excitement D. friendship11. A. how B. what C. where D. that12. A. return B. dream C. arrival D. beauty13. A. different B. crowded C. broken D. empty14. A. ever B. still C. even D. again15. A. regretted B. lost C. received D. enjoyed（二）At a dark night, a man came to a lonely village. When he walked slowly, a yellow light suddenly 1 at the end of the road. It came from a 2 which was carried by a man. A villager near him said, "Here Blind Sun comes.""Blind?" the man said, "That’s too 3 . A blind man has no idea of day and night, can’t 4 the beauty of nature, or even doesn’t know what the light is. Wasn’t he funny to carry a lantern?"As the lantern was coming near, the yellow light moved gradually to the man. The man asked, " 5 , may I ask you whether you’re really blind?"The blind man answered, "Yes, the moment I stepped into the world, I can’t see6 ".The man asked, "In that case, 7 do you carry a lantern?" The blind man smiled, "At night all the people without light are just as blind 8 me, so I light a lantern."The man said, "I see, you light for others."But the man said, "No, I do it for 9 . ""For yourself? But there is no 10 to do that," the man felt surprised again.The blind man explained, "Were you ever knocked by others 11 the dark? "The man nodded, "yes, sometimes. "The man said proudly, "Believe it or not. I 12 knocked anyone. AlthoughI’m blind, I carry the lantern, not only light for others, b ut let others see me, 13 they won’t knock me."After hearing that, the man was lost in thought…In fact, everyone has a lamp in himself, light it actively not only for others,but also for yourself! – Never put yourself in a dark 14 when you feel left out and find it hard to 15 well with others, are you ready to light your lamp?1. A. appeared B. fell C. went D. closed2. A. basket B. toy C. lantern D. bag3. A. easy B. clear C. useful D. strange4. A. hear B. enjoy C. touch D. play5. A. Excuse me B. Come on C. I’m sorry D. Never mind6. A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything7. A. how B. why C. where D. which8. A. as B. like C. to D. of9. A. yourself B. himself C. myself D. ourselves10. A. time B. need C. way D. problem11. A. such as B. instead of C. because of D. as for12. A. always B. never C. often D. usually13. A. after B. so C. if D. because14. A. situation B. village C. dream D. country15. A. turn on B. hold on C. put on D. get on（三）Do you like playing football? It is so popular among boys nowadays. Johnny, a twelve-year-old boy, ___1___ likes it very much. He used to ___2___ it in his room. His parents were very angry and told him several ____3____ not to play football at home because he could break ___4___, but he never listened.Last Sunday, his ___5___ went out for a walk and Johnny couldn’t help playing football again. He was enjoying his game in the living room ___6___ his parents came in and saw him.＂ Oh, my God, Johnny, you know that playing with your ball at home is not ___7___. We are very ___8___ about you and are going to give your ball to another kid. You should obey（遵守）the rules ___9___ you are at home.＂Johnny’s father said.Johnny felt very sad. He ___10___ that it was his mistake. He decided to obey the rules later, not only at home, but also at school.1. A. badly B. wisely C. truly D. carefully2. A. catch B. play C. leave D. act3. A. times B. days C. months D. years4. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything5. A. friends B. parents C. teachers D. classmates6. A. where B. why C. which D. when7. A. allowed B. asked C. afforded D. avoided8. A. disappointed B. pleased C. interested D. relaxed9. A. because of B. so that C. rather than D. even if10. A. managed B. remained C. realized D. examined（四）I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began ___1___ I was a kid. I really became excited about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.One day in fourth grade, our___2___gave us a project in class. We had to write to a company and learn about the products. I thought and thought. ___3___ I chose the Thomas A. Edison Company. Soon after, the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I enjoyed reading and re-reading about his ___4___! I like the recorded sound and the electric light most. The inventions were clearly printed on my brain.My dad noticed my interest in inventing and___5___me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things. Once, I surprised my dad___6___a model plane I made. Later, we found a___7___model plane in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things. It is not unusual for this to happen. I also learned that not all great ideas___8___. Failure is a common part of the inventing.As my father and I worked together, I began to realize that my dad was quite an inventor himself. He was always___9___a better way to do a simple job. His guiding hands, together with my___10___ in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. Of course, I also thank Thomas Edison. He is my hero.1. A. before B. after C. when D. until2. A. parent B. teacher C. inventor D.engineer3. A. Easily B. Finally C. Safely D.Quickly4. A. lights B. projects C. suggestions D. inventions5. A. mistook B. refused C. chose D. encouraged6. A. with B. about C. into D. from7. A. different B. similar C. large D. small8. A. work B. fail C. come D. end9. A. looking at B. looking for C. looking after D.looking through10. A. habit B. story C. interest D. plan （五）On a snowy evening, Miss Grant was standing by the road. She was very worried. Her 1 had broken down. Just then a poor man named Dave walked past. He was on his way back home from work.Miss Grant wondered, “Is the man going to help me? He looks very cold and 2 .” But to her surprise, he stopped and said with a smile, “What’s wrong, madam?” Miss Grant told him what was happening.After forty minutes, Dave was able to fix the car. Miss Granted wanted to pay him.“No, it’s 3 , madam,” he said. “I was just helping someone in need. If you really want to pay me back, I hope whenever you see someone in trouble, please give him a 4 .A few minutes later, Miss Grant saw a shabby(破旧的) house by the road. She remembered Dave’s words, 5 she stopped. A woman warmly invited her in. Miss Grant could see that it was a 6 family and they needed help. When the woman was making tea in the kitchen, Miss Grant left 500 dollars on the table and wentaway 7 .Dave came home later than before, thinking how hard their life was. Their baby was to be born the next month but there wasn’t enough 8 . His wife went up to him, gave him a kiss and said softly, “Don’t worry, dear! Everything’s going to be all right. A stranger has 9 us out.”Let’s always be ready to help others because helping others is helping 10 .1. A. bike B. car C. bus D. computer2. A. heavy B. helpful C. excited D. hungry3. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing4. A. hand B. book C. head D. bag5. A. because B. but C. so D. though6. A. happy B. poor C. big D. rich7. A. quietly B. easily C. luckily D. mainly8. A. time B. water C. money D. work9. A. taken B. helped C. put D. found10. A. myself B. himself C. ourselves D. Themselves（六）Jeff Keith has only one leg. When he was only 12 years old, Jeff had cancer. Doctor had to 1 off most of his right leg. Every day Jeff puts on an artificial(假肢). The leg is plastic. With the plastic leg, Jeff can ski, ride a bicycle, swim, and play soccer. He can also run. Jeff made a plan with his friends who had plastic legs, 2 . They decided to 3 across America. They all wore special T-shirts. He ran across the United States from the east to the west 4 he was twenty-two years old. He started running in Boston. Seven 5 later, he stopped running in Los Angeles. He ran 3,200 miles. Jeff wore out thirty-six pairs 6 running shoes and five plastic legs. Jeff 7 in cities on the way to Los Angeles. In every city people gave him money. The money was not for Jeff, 8 for the American Cancer Society. The Society used the money to help people know more about cancer.On the way to Los Angeles, Jeff talked to people about 9 . Jeff is disabled,but he can do many things. He finished college and is studying to be a lawyer. Jeff says, “People can do 10 they wan to do. I want people to know that. I ran not only for disabled people. I ran for everybody.1. A. take B. cut C. put D. set2. A. also B. too C. either D. neither3. A. walk B. fly C. swim D. run4. A. while B. because C. when D. if5. A. months B. days C. hours D. minutes6. A. at B. for C. in D. of7. A. reached B. studied C. stopped D. started8. A. and B. but C. or D. so9. A. cancer B. walk C. society D. America10. A. any B. thing C. nothing D. anything参考答案：(一)DCBCD ADCCB ACDCA（二）ACDBA DBACB CBBAD（三）CBACB DAADC（四）CBBDD ABABC（五）BDDAC BACBC（六）BBDCA BCBAD。
九年级英语完形填空专项练习题50题
九年级英语完形填空专项练习题50题1. Mary is a kind girl. She always helps ______ people.A. otherB. the otherC. othersD. another答案：A。
“other”表示“其他的”，后接名词复数；“the other”常用于两者中的另一个；“others”不能再接名词；“another”表示“另一个”，后接名词单数。
这里是说帮助其他的人，且people 是复数，所以用“other”。
2. My father was reading a newspaper ______ I was doing my homework.A. whileB. whenC. beforeD. after答案：A。
“while”强调两个动作同时进行；“when”既可以表示同时也可以表示先后；“before”在……之前；“after”在……之后。
此句中“我父亲看报纸”和“我做作业”是同时进行的，用“while”。
3. We have been to the Great Wall ______.A. some timesB. sometimesC. sometimeD. some time答案：A。
“some times”表示“几次”；“sometimes”有时；“sometime”某个时候；“some time”一段时间。
这里说去过长城几次，用“some times”。
4. —______ do you go to the movies?—Once a month.A. How oftenB. How longC. How soonD. How far答案：A。
“How often”问频率；“How long”问时长；“How soon”多久之后；“How far”问距离。
回答“Once a month.”是频率，用“How often”。
5. The teacher asked me ______ I was late for school.A. thatB. whyC. whatD. if答案：B。