初中语法填空题解题技巧
中考英语综合填空题的解题技巧
一、短文填空题型说明
短文填空也叫综合填空，其特点是将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出后，要求考生根据短文的意思，在每个空格中填上一个词，使短文意思完整正确。它是测试同学们理解能力及对词汇、语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况的一种形式。这是中考中一个比较难的项目。其原因是考点不明确：凡涉及英文的理解、词汇、语法和习惯用法的都可以考。内容更是包罗万象：天文地理、历史人文、科技发展、旅游广告等。要求同学们在读通、读懂的基础上，填出符合内容和语法的词或词组。凡是课文中学到的词汇和语法都是考试的范围，各种介词、副词和习惯用法也会经常考到。尤其对于长句子，特别要注意其结构，要精确地分析句子成分。在做综合填空时，要养成快速阅读全文的习惯。句子读得越快越长，理解的精度就越高。根据其难度的不同又分为选词填空题、限词填空题和自由填空题。
考生要想做好这类题，应打好以下基础：
1、熟悉命题形式
中考中共出现了四种题型：
（1）空缺处没有任何提示；
（2）空缺单词的第一个字母已经给出；
（3）要填的单词在短文前已给出供考生选择；
（4）空格处有中文提示。
2、具有一定的词汇量
3、掌握初中英语的基础语法
正确高效地解答好这类试题还需要扎实的语法基础知识。比如说通过句子成分的划分你可以判断出某空是该填名词还是该填动词；若是填名词，你还要会判断是填单数还是填复数，如果是复数你还要知道该名词是规则变化还是不规则变化，是规则变化的你还要懂得名词单数变复数的规则；若是缺谓语动词，你还需要知道该用哪种时态，时态判断正确后你还要懂得各种时态的构成形式，特别是一般现在时和一般过去时的变化规则，如此等等。因此，没有扎实的语法基础是不能很好地解答好此题的。
4、具有一定的阅读能力
在解答这类试题之前必须要迅速读懂短文，了解大意，较强的阅读能力是正确解答好这类试题的重要保证。所以我们要学会略读的方法，通过跳过空格快速浏览全文，特别是首、尾段和每段的首、尾句，寻找文章的主题句，把握文章的主旨大意，是正确解答这类试题的一个重要环节。还要学会在阅读的过程中特别注意文意的启承转合，对比对照等，即需具备所谓的语篇语感基础。也还要学会在阅读过程中还要善于利用已读懂信息和已掌握的经验常识进行简单的逻辑推理。
二、短文填空解题思路
1.跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2.复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。
3.三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
三、做短文填空题的注意之处
1.语义完整、适用是做好填词的前提，要从全文的内容出发，前后上下联系起来考虑，
避免“只见树木，不见森林”的错误。
2.要善于从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找线索，从中得到提示和启发，帮助确定应填词的词性和词形，这样可避免想当然地随意乱填。
3.填词时应注意词形，不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。
4.有些空格需要填入介词、连词等，除考虑上下文的内容外，还要考虑和其他词的固定搭配及其习惯用法。
5.选词填空题和限词填空题一般只有一个答案，自由填空题虽然可能允许有多个正确答案，但只能选择其中一个填入，因为完形填空题每个空格只准填写一个单词，多填反而出错。
四、短文填空实战训练
根据句意和提示写出单词，完成句子。
1．Women in China are usually dressed in(红色的)on their wedding day.
2．How(容易)you will find it to use the mobile phone if you know the function! 3．The(时装)show held by UNICEF last week was a big success.
4．Seeing these old ladies get on the bus,(几个)students offered them their seats. 5．We need your help to(筹集)money for those homeless children.
6．The traffic lights are(控制)by a central computer.
7．The ORBIS volunteers were(自豪的)to help so many blind people in need.
8．The naughty boy ran into the garden and(吓唬)the little cat away.
9．“Help(you)to some fish.”Lucy said to Aunt Amy politely.
10．John is so(honest)that no one believes him.
11．Many people do not know the(important)of the wetlands.
12．There were thirty people in the classroom,(include)the teacher.
13．The(develop)of science has changed our world a lot.
14．Chinese national teams are(active)preparing for London Olympic Games. 15．The boy is more than2metres in(high)and he is good at playing basketball.
根据句意和所给首字母填写单词。
16．Jane can play the piano,but she can't play it well.She n to practice more. 17．I really like sports.I want to join a sports c
18．Bob was very s two year's ago.Now he is tall,and he's the tallest in his class.
19．Yesterday evening,Mary t a walk with her mother after dinner.
20．My sister studies h,and she usually gets good grades in exams.
根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
21．The Internet is_______(wide)used in most families in our country today.
22．This e-dictionary doesn’t belong to________(I).It’s Sandy’s.
23．_______(child)Day is my favourite festival in the year.
24．I think this problem is much________(easy)than that one.
25．I’m looking forward to________(meet)my old friend,Jim,this Sunday.
26．We won’t go for a picnic if it________(rain)this weekend.
27．It’s necessary for us________(understand)the importance of health care.
28．A year________(divide)into twelve different star signs in some Western countries.
根据句意及所给中文提示或英文解释，写出句中所缺单词，每空限填一个单词。
29．People like travelling in_________(春天)because it is neither too hot nor too cold. 30．—What’s your father’s________(职业)?
—He is a doctor.
31．The30th Olympic Games will be held in London,the________(首都)of England. 32．Lucy is polite and_______(乐于助人的).We all like her.
33．Our maths teacher asked you to go to his office________(立即).He is waiting for you. 34．Colours can change our moods and some may make us feel_________(in need of sleep). 35．Hurry up,or we can’t________(arrive at)the railway station on time.
根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入适当的单词
36．_____________(节日)like Christmas and Halloween are also popular in China now. 37．Pop star White Houston was found_______________(死亡)on the eve of the Grammy Awards.
38．---What are the workers doing over there?
-----They are busy_______________(建造)the BRT between Haizhou and Xugou. 39．Unluckily,the recent floods_______________(摧毁)many farm-houses in the south. 40．Daniel did the exercises too________________(粗心),and it made his teacher very angry.
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。
41．If you___________(not be)careful enough in the exam,you will not get a good grade. 42．Our modern times need more and more___________(hero)for us to learn from. 43．Good habits are good for the___________(develop)of us teenagers.
44．The30th Olympic Games___________(hold)in London this summer.
45．—Look!He is shouting at his mother.
—Why is he so___________(polite)?
46．The group of students are discussing the question___________(active)to come up with the answer.
47．The Three-D film Titanic is the___________(wonderful)film I have ever seen. 48．The OBIS doctor is training the local doctors how___________(deal)with the blindness. 49．Though my grandfather is in his___________(seventy),he has got a QQ number. 50．Lei Feng devoted himself to___________(work)for the people all his life.
根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通顺，语法正确。51．Now the students have no lessons on S__________and Sunday.
52．It’s cold in Australia in July.People there wear w_______clothes.
53．Hangzhou has lots of wonderful s__________.West Lake is just one of them.
54．Ann kept s_________all day because his little brother broke her toy bear.
55．Bob is six feet in__________(身高)
56．It’s good manners to keep your_________(声音)down in public.
57．My parents usually__________(花费)lots of money on books.
58．——What’s your biggest_________(问题)?
——I don’t have enough time to sleep.
根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空。
59．The____________(high)of the new building is over400meters.
60．On Christmas Eve,the Santa Claus hides gifts_____________(secret)into kids' stockings.
61．—How many times should I take the pills,doctor?
—___________(two)a day,please.
62．—Shall we meet at9:00at the school gate tomorrow morning?
—I hope we can make it___________(early).What about8:30?
63．Mr.Li's report gave us a deep_____________(impress).
64．Remember__________(turn)off the lights when you leave the room,please.
65．The film was__________(base)on Chinese history in the1940's.
66．Look!Can you see a kite_____________(fly)in the sky?
67．The boy is a good swimmer.He can swim____________(cross)the wide river. 68．Many students find it____________(bore)to play computer games all day.
根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)
69．He is very smart．He went to university at the a of15．
70．Never cross the street when the traffic lights are r．Wait until it’s green．
71．It doesn’t look like rain，so you needn’t b your umbrella with you．
72．I miss my family and really feel l without any friends in this new city．73．Where is my watch?I can’t f it．
用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子
74．The students took the PISA test in_________subjects-reading,maths and science. (third)
75．Board games are more and more popular among.(teenager)
76．I liked to walk in fields on days and to see my footprints left behind.(snow) 77．people often begin their conversations by talking about the weather.(Britain) 78．The news about education has attracted the public attention..(recent) 79．The World Chocolate Park showed a of many kinds of chocolates.(collect) 80．To improve your writing skills,you'd better a habit of reading.(development) 81．Don't tell lies.Nobody likes those people.(honest)
根据句意及汉语提示，填写句中所缺的单词。
82．They have English and math on_______(星期一)morning．
83．We often borrow some books from our school______(图书馆)．
84．I don’t know if Mary is______(好)at swimming．
85．Can you tell me the______(首都)of Canada?
86．September is the______(九)month of a year．
87．We should take an______(积极的)part in physical exercises．
88．We are strongly against dropping litter______(到处).
89．Lucy often plays tennis to relax______(自己)after sch00l.
90．The boy is so______(聪明的)that he can work out the problems easily.
91．It is impolite to______(指)at anyone with your chopsticks while eating meals.
根据句意，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。(必要时加助动词或情态动词)
92．Mr Zhang______(teach)us English three years ago.
93．Peter turned off the computer after he finished______(write)an e-mail. 94．—Where’s Miss Wang?
一Look，she______(talk)with the students.
95．Mr Liu isn’t here now．He______(go)to Beijing.
96．The children will go to the zoo if it______(not rain)this Saturday.
97．There______(be)a meeting in our school tomorrow afternoon.
98．Mr Green______(watch)TV at this time last night.
99．You’d better______(eat)less food before you go to bed.
100．My teacher told me that light______(travel)much faster than sound.
101．English______(speak)by many people in the world.
ii.根据句意和空缺处所给首字母写单词。
102．I have m________hobbies,such as swimming,rowing and hiking.
103．He said he would never f_________the trip to Mount Fanjin.
104．We should do more exercise to keep h________.
105．Tongren have developed r into a modern city in the recent years. 106．My little sister is so young that she can’t look after h________.
根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
107．A friend of(I)is getting married tomorrow.
108．Look at the(photo).How beautiful they are!
109．I know him probably(well)than anybody else.
110．The boy doesn’t show good manners to others.He is(polite).
111．I think his idea is worth(consider).
112．单词拼写。根据所给汉语或英语首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词的正确形式。Jimmy is a middle school student.He adopted(收养)three homeless baby dogs two months ago.He took good c of them and the dogs became healthier and fatter.Jimmy loved them very much.But now he feels worried.He has some problems.First,he has run out of his money to b food for dogs,because it is expensive.Second,the dogs are too big and there is not足够的room for them.Third,the dogs have become too noisy.So his mother讨厌_______them.She can’t stand them.
Some of Jimmy’s friends are trying to cheer him up.Some advise(建议)Jimmy should put up dogs’照片_______in the street and look for their owners.Some suggest him calling the TV station for help.Do you have any goodi to help him?
113．根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
Whenever we see something new,we wish to write it down in one form or another. We will be happier if we share(分享)our experience with others.Then1can we write better travel stories?The following may be helpful.
Memory and notes
Don't believe your memory.You may have a good memory,2you cannot remember everything.You are seeing and hearing so much information while you're on a trip. When you return to write about your travel stories,you may forget something.So you should make notes,take photographs,and if3,take videos.In this way,you can describe your travel and write it down4missing anything.
Photographs and your stories
Photographs are very useful for you to remember what you have seen.As you see the photographs,you can describe your experiences easily by remembering how you felt when you took5.
When you are writing about your travel stories,make sure they are not too short as your reader may not get the full impression(印象)of them and make sure they are not so6 that the reader may get bored.
Popular factors(因素)
Make sure your stories have popular factors and the reader will find your travel stories not only pleasant to7,but useful as well.Popular factors are food to eat,places to stay and the things to look out for while8.They should also include what you've found useful and the things you miss so much.
114．根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Parents sometimes learn much from their children.
Many years ago,a1my friend David worked day and night,he was still not rich.One day,when he arrived h2after work,he found his3-year-old daughter was decorating a box with some expensive wrapping paper.He thought she was w3money and became angry with her.He even p4his daughter by beating her.However,the little girl brought the box to her father the next morning and said,“This is for you,Daddy.Merry Christmas!”He was embarrassed(尴尬)by his overreaction(过激反应),but he became angry a5 when he found the box was empty.
He shouted at her,“Don’t you know that when you give someone a present,there should be s 6inside it?”
The little girl looked up at him with t7in her eyes and said,“Oh,Daddy.I blew kisses in the box.I filled it with my l8.All for you,Daddy.”
The father was very surprised.He put his arms around his little girl,and said s9to her. Later,David told me that he kept that box by his bed for years.When he was discouraged(情绪低落),he would take out an imaginary(想像的)kiss from the box and r10the love of the child.
115．
Cannon has shown a great interest in collecting flags.At the young age of four,Cannon began studying flags,d_______(1)them in his coloring books and putting them up on his walls Throughout school,he studied flags and tried to find out all he could about them After university,Cannon s_______(2)to be a lawyer.Throughout law school,he continued to collect flags His classmates,friends,and family started c_______(3)him“the flagman”Cannon now has more than200flags in his collection.He shows many of them in his downtown law office.Once he d_______(4)country flags for an exhibition on the Olympics In addition to collecting flags Cannon also w_______(5)about them He has published three books about flags He loves to h_______(6)from friends who see his b______(7)in stores all over the world A few years ago,Cannon’s hobby r_______(8)a new level He entered a flag design contest and won The country he lives in asked him to design its f_______(9).Cannon explains his hobby this way,“Collecting flags is l_______(10)collecting pieces of history”116．阅读下面短文，用括号内的所给的动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Middle school life is coming to an end.Different students have different memories(记忆). Let’s take a look at two of the unforgettable memories.
Li Xiaohui,15
My most unforgettable experience was the running for the PE test.When I1(run),I was too tired to go on.all my classmates came up to me and cheered me up.their encouragement helped me finish the run!I2never2(forget)it!
Gao Mingyi,16
The most important one to me was my English https://www.360docs.net/doc/9c12036343.html,st year,when she3 (know)I had given up an English-speaking contest,she told me,“any opportunity is important and you don’t know the result until you4(finish)it.Don’t give up easily.”Later on,I made my good use of every opportunity I had and achieved good results.
117．根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限一词。Nogoba was a cavegirl.She lived in a cave with about40other people.Cavepeople lived in big groups to help each other.Their l1were very dangerous.There were many w 2
animals near the caves—lions,tigers,bears and elephants.
The cavemen hunted.They k3the animals for food.The children’s jobs were dangerous,too.Nogoba and her friends went to the river every day to get w4. Sometimes,the river was very deep.S5,there were animals near the river.
For many months of the y6,Nogoba was cold.There was ice and snow everywhere. It was difficult to be w7.The children sometimes went to sleep by the fire. Sometimes they were too n8the fire.
Sometimes Nogoba and her friends went to f9fruit and nuts to eat.Sometimes the fruit and nuts were poisonous and everyone became i10.There weren’t any cave doctors or cave hospitals!
118．根据对话意思和所给首字母，写出完整正确的单词
As everyone knows,(1)e______________fast walk or slow walk does good to the muscles and lungs of human.So people walk to build up their body,or to lose(2)w_____________. But only some of them know that taking a walk every day is also good for(3) p______________man’s heart.Heart attack has become the first disease in the world(4) b_____________more and more people suffer from it.
Taking a walk can improve the blood supply to our hearts.If you try to walk as(5) o___________as possible,you’ll have a healthier heart.
119．根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
When you’re busy or stressed,don’t forget your hobbies,such as listening to(1) m_______,reading and playing ball games.If eating makes you feel better,you can go to your favourite restaurant to have a delicious meal.
Parents may not think that it is useful to(2)w_______TV.However,if you are worried(3) a_______your English and don’t know how to improve it,why not watch some English TV programmes?
If you’re feeling bad about your weight and don’t(4)k_______what to do,why not go walking or jogging?
Finally,trying to keep your worries to yourself can make them worse.I like to(5) s______my problems with my friends.They always give me useful advice.If you don’t know who to talk to,you can always write to me.You’re never alone.
120．请用适当的词完成这篇日记，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Nov.26,2011,Saturday
I’m upset these days.I have_1____problem,and I do not2_____how to deal with it.
I have had a lot of_3______every day since I became a Grade9student.I have no choice but to do it..I oftern stay up late to finish it and then feel4____the next day.
5______I undrestand that it is important to do my homework and_6____it in on time.
Sometimes I still don’t want to do so much homework.I almost have no free time for my hobbies,7_____as playing volleyball and ping-pong.The worst thing is that I even have homework on weekends and holidays.The longer the holidays are,the8_______homework I get.I really feel bad about it.
I am looking forward to a holiday9_______homework so that I can relax and have some time for my hobbies.What should I do?I really hope that someone can give10____some suggestions.I am sure they will be of great value to me.
参考答案
【答案】1．red
2．easy 3．fashion 4．several 5．raise 6．controlled 7．proud 8．frightened 9．yourself 10．dishonest 11．importance 12．including 13．development 14．actively 15．height
【答案】16．needs 17．club 18．short 19．took 20．hard
【答案】21．widely 22．me 23．Children’s 24．easier 25．meeting 26．rains 27．to understand 28．is divided 【答案】29．spring 30．job/career 31．capital 32．helpful 33．immediately 34．sleepy 35．reach
【答案】36．Festivals 37．dead 38．building 39．destroyed
40．carelessly
【答案】
41．aren’t/are not
42．heroes
43．development(s)
44．will be held/is/are going
to be held
45．impolite
46．actively
47．most wonderful
48．to deal
49．seventies
50．working
【答案】
51．Saturday
52．warm
53．scenery
54．silent
55．height
56．voice
57．spend
58．problem
【答案】
59．height
60．secretly
61．Twice
62．earlier
63．impression
64．to turn
65．based
66．flying
67．across
68．boring
【答案】
69．age
70．red
71．bring
72．lonely
73．find
【答案】
74．three
75．teenagers
76．snowy
77．British
78．recently
79．collection
80．develop
81．dishonest
【答案】
82．Monday
83．library
84．good
85．capital
86．ninth
87．active
88．everywhere
89．herself
90．smart/clever
91．point
【答案】
92．taught
93．writing
94．is talking
95．has gone
96．doesn’t rain
97．will/is going to be
98．was watching
99．eat
100．travels
101．is spoken
【答案】
102．many
103．forget
104．healthy
105．rapidly
106．herself
【答案】
107．mine
108．photos
109．better
110．impolite
111．considering
112．
【小题1】care
【小题2】buy
【小题3】enough
【小题4】hates/dislikes 【小题5】photo(s)/picture(s)【小题6】idea(s)
113.
【小题1】how
【小题2】but
【小题3】possible
【小题4】without
【小题5】them
【小题6】long
【小题7】read
【小题8】traveling
114．
【小题1】although
【小题2】home
【小题3】wasting
【小题4】punished
【小题5】again
【小题6】something
【小题7】tears
【小题8】love
【小题9】sorry
【小题10】remember
115．
【小题1】drawing
【小题2】studied
【小题3】calling
【小题4】donated
【小题5】.write
【小题6】.hear
【小题7】like
【小题8】reached
【小题9】flag
【小题10】.books
116．
【小题1】ran
【小题2】will forget
【小题3】knew
【小题4】finish 117.
【小题1】lives
【小题2】wild
【小题3】killed
【小题4】water
【小题5】Sometimes
【小题6】year
【小题7】warm
【小题8】near
【小题9】find
【小题10】ill
118.
【小题1】either
【小题2】weight
【小题3】protecting
【小题4】because
【小题5】often
119.
【小题1】music
【小题2】watch
【小题3】about
【小题4】know
【小题5】share
120．
【小题1】a
【小题2】know
【小题3】
homework/schoolwork/work 【小题4】tired/sleepy
【小题5】Though/Although 【小题6】hand
【小题7】such
【小题8】more
【小题9】without
【小题10】me
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根据设题类型，语法填空又可分为有提示词试题和纯空格试题两类。有提示词试题侧重考查动词、名词、形容词、副词以及词性转换。而纯空格试题侧重考查冠词、介词、连词和代词。 (一)提示性填空的解题技巧 技巧一：若提示词为动词，则先要进行两个步骤：首先将有横线的部分以句子为单位进行划分，其次标出句子中动词。 1.若句中无谓语动词，说明所给提示词则为句子谓语动词。则需考虑谓语动词的时态、语态以及主谓一致;1）若句中出现表示过去式的时间状语如last night, yesterday, 则就将提示词变成过去式；2）若是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词也应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下： 一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries；以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys；以o结尾加es。如：does, goes；特殊的有：are-is, have-has 如果空格前是助动词、情态动词或是动词加to的形式，则空格一定是动词原形。例如can,will等情态动词后加动词原形。 例1：He____ (come) to school early this morning. 解析：题目中的this morning过去式，所以把come-came 例2：She _____(like) playing sports every day.
高考真题语篇型语法填空专题展示-详解篇
2016-2018高考真题展示 Passage 1(2018课标全国Ⅱ) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 1 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 3 (actual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4 (improve)water quality. Corn uses less water 5 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)run-off. This switch has decreased 6 (pollute)in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total7 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the govern- ment8 (start) a soil-testing program9 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 10 (feed)its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. 答案 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。自2011年以来,随着中国人的饮食结构的变化,在中国种植玉米的数量显著增加,而种植水稻的数量下降了。 1.has grown句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。本题考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grown。 2.the句意:在过去的25年里,玉米的产量已经激增了将近125%,而水稻的产量只增长了7%。本题考查冠词。over the past 25 years在过去的25年里。 3.actually句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米有很重要的一个作用就是,用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。本题考查副词。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually。 4.to improve句意:玉米产量增长的另一个原因是:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来提高 水质。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此处“提高水质”为鼓励农民种玉米的目的,故使用动词不定式作目的状语。 5.than句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。本题考查介词。根据句中的less 可 知,此处表示比较,故使用介词than。 6.pollution句意:这种变化已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水变得更 安全了。本题考查名词。空格处作decreased的宾语,故使用pollute的名词形式pollution。 7.global句意:根据世界银行的统计,中国占了全球化肥总消耗量的大约30%。本题考查形容词。空格处作fertilizer consumption的定语,故使用globe的形容词形式global。 8.started句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年 政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。本题考查时态。关系副词when=in 200 5,由此可知此处使用一般过去时。
2021新高考英语语法填空专题解析及方法指导
2021新高考英语语法填空专题解析及方法指导 I.题型研读 ◎命题宗旨 语法填空题于2014年首次出现在高考新课标英语试卷中，它标志着把英语基础知识放在一句话中做单项选择的时代的终结，标志着在语篇中考查语言基本功的时代已经到来。 ◎材料词数 短文体200词左右；对话体(广东卷)180词左右。 ◎命题方式 ＊提示词类 要求改变词的呈现形式(偶尔也可以不改) ＊纯空格类 要求填“小词”，指的是体型短小、实际含义不是很大、又不可或缺的词汇。如冠词、连词、介词、代词、副词、引导词、以及特殊句式中涉及到的小词。 ◎考查重点 词法、语法、句法、语篇 II. 语法填空题满分指南 ◎提示词类 1.动词的考点分布研究
a.做谓语 On my way to school, A boy on a bike caught(catch) my attention. It was(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. If the new students are accepted (accept),many universities will offer an instruction program for them to get to know the procedures. b.做非谓语 It took years of work to reduce (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. While there are amazing(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about being(be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint). When she got home with her small but well chosen(choose) present in her bag, her parents were already at table having dinner. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed(push) open. Generally speaking(speak),they can meet people’s needs very well. c.考查词性转换 ＊动词变成形容词 I was so excited that I couldn’t sleep last night. I fell asleep(sleep) at about two o’clock in the morning. Suddenly, all fear was gone(go) and I backed up and unlocked my car door.
(英语)英语语法填空练习题含答案含解析
（英语）英语语法填空练习题含答案含解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since 1949 when the People's Republic of China ________(establish), and especially since 1978, China's transformation from a traditional ________（agriculture）society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid industrial restructuring. China's industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, ________ aimed at the proportion(比例)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. ________(current), the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods. China's factory outputs extend from textiles (纺织业) to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large ________(quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and much farm produce is exported. Other industrial products ________(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world. China has become ________ industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization have developed by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment,________ the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, China's industry________(compete) internationally, and as a result, the ________(develop)of the country's industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments. 【答案】was established；agricultural；which；Currently；quantities；including；an；while/and；has competed has been competing；development 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，自1978年以来，中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会的转型，在产业结构调整的快速推进下，取得了长足的进步。中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。 （1）考查时态语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时，且主语the People's Republic of China与谓语动词establish构成被动语态，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was established。 （2）考查形容词。society为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填agricultural。 （3）考查定语从句。句意：中国的产业结构是按照工业化的目标发展的，其目标是农业比重不断下降。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the objective of industrialization，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which，填which 。 （4）考查副词。句意：目前，中国生产的工业产品从资本品到消费品应有尽有。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Currently。 （5）考查名词。large quantities of固定短语，“大量……”，故填quantities。 （6）考查非谓语动词。句意：包括电视机、自行车、汽车、卡车和洗衣机在内的其他工业产品正在世界范围内扩张。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故include只能做非谓语，表示“包括；包含”后跟包含的内容时需用现在分词，故填including。
历年高考语法填空真题大全
历年高考语法填空真题 1. (2017全国Ⅰ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 2. (2017全国Ⅱ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 3. (2017全国Ⅲ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 __________ model in New Y ork. Sarah 63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain?s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66_________ (educate). She has turned down several 67_______ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68___________ engineering or architecture. Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 ___________ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 _________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more." 4. (2016全国Ⅰ)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。