2013年4月英语专业四级(tem4)考试真题答案完整版
2013年英语专四答案.doc
2013年英语专四答案.doc第一篇：2013年英语专四答案.doc2013年全国英语专业四级考试参考答案PART I DICTATIONWhat is a dream forOne theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires.We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society.Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life.We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution.This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming.If you believe that your dreams are important then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution.The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk.Dre ams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed.But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENTION1—5 ABCAD 6—10 ACDAB 11—15 DCADA16—20 BBDAC 21—25 DBADB 26—30 CBBCAPART III CLOZE31—35 DACBD 36—40 CBACB 41—45 DCADB46—50 BCDBBPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51—55 CDBAC 56—60 BDCAA 61—65 BBACA66—70 CABDA 71—75 CBDAC 76—80 CADBAPART V READING COMPREHENTION81—85 CACDB 86—90 DACBC 91—95 BDDAC96—100 DAACAPART VI WRITINGSECTION AThe advantages of being careful with money in daily lifeNowadays, there is a hot debate on whether people, including students should be careful with their money in their daily life since they try their best to save money.Some people think it is not good to do so because this may not make people smart consumers.But in my eyes, the advantages of being careful with money in daily life outweigh the disadvantages.First, being careful with money is a virtue that can always benefit people.Being thrifty is of great help, especially when the economic status around the world is not very good and it becomes harder to earn money than before.A good habit of being careful with money will help many people go through this difficult period or any other difficult financial situation in their life.People with this awareness will think carefully before deciding to buy anything.For students, this awareness is also of great help since they mainly depend on their parents for financial supports.When they keep this awareness in their mind, they will definitely avoid wasting money.Secondly, being careful with money is, in fact, a good way of practicing how to manage one's money.In current society, it is necessary to learn something about finance.But theories are usually hard to learn.In contrast, most people can learn quickly by practicing.Being careful with money means an efficient use of money, which, in essence, equals to part of the job of a financial planner.Being careful with money can teach people to make best use of their money.It is true that being too careful with money may have some disadvantages;forexample, it may cause people to ignore other aspects of commodities.But overall this behavior is good and has its reality basis.Money-consciousness is always needed in the market-oriented economy.SECTION BApril 20Dear Mathew,I'm writing to show my apology for being unable to wait for you in my dorm.I'm really sorry but I have something urgent to do.You can come to Room 1003, No.3 Teaching Building to find me.The map on the back of the note will help you.I'll wait for you there.第二篇：2013专四答案What is a dream forOne theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires.We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society.Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life.We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution.This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming.If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution.The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk.Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed.But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.听力：1.A.presents28.B had failed to co2.B sweet potatoesver all the pilots3.C she had been invited4.A she wanted to know 29.C because it may5.D is increasinghelp6.A Wednesday7.C.30.A balance mail the women8.C 完型Lack of9.A 31.D wouldprospective32.A nor10.____33.C look after11.DSouthern34.B By means of12.C Eastern13A 35.D as much asNorthern parts14.D 36.C thoughmore useful information37.B how15.Ailliteracy38.A persons16.B starting to carry 39.C exists40.B way17.B technology141.D larger8.D yellow42.C goes up19.A throwing43.A But20.Cvisiting44.D always21.Ddigital textbooks 45.B whoare used46.B form22.B247.C too23.A TSA agents48.D collected24.D The security49.B like25.B smoking50.B fairer 26.C to get patients o ccupied单选51.C his27.B to prevent pilots52.__53.B Deadline54.A Lucy insisted55.C many56.B Victoria likes57.D quarter58.C The school pupils 59.A politics are60.AThe arrival61.B Tony hit 62.D I wish63.A were to64.B Careless reading65.A remain66.C Adjusting67.A dull68.B I couldn't understand69.D did up70.A credit71.C as far as one can see72.C point73.D much74.A if an accident happens75.C deliver76.C building77.B definite78.D blast79.B refrained from80.A brightly阅读：81.C it plays82.A Speeches at world 83.C to advise people 84.D it comes from85.B The many uses86.D saw an87.A snowboarders88.C he borrowed moneyfrom a mortage 89.B He promised90.part of fashion91.B they had lost 92.Desperate93.__94.A Her friends valued 95.C Understanding gained is96.D determination97.A there were98.A Habit is key99.D techniques to supplement100.A stresses the neural第三篇：03年英语专四听力原文和答案2003年专四听力答案PART IDICTATIONSalmonEvery year millions of salmon swim from the ocean/ into the mouths of the rivers and then steadily out of the rivers, / Passing through waters,around the rocks and waterfalls,/ the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes./ They dig up nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs./ Then, exhausted by their journey, the parents salmon die./ They have finished the task that the nature has given them./ Months or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean./ They live in the salt water from two to seven years,/ until they too are ready to swim back to reproduce./ Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food-fish./ When the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip of the rivers,/ they are in the best possible condition./ And nearly every harbour has its salmon fishing fleet /ready to catch thousands for market.PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSION-SECTION A CONVERSATIONS“Questions I to 3 are based on the following conversation.W: Do you enjoy your work?M: Well, I'm still conscious of time when I work.W: What do you mean?M:(1)1 still have this nine-to-five attitude toward work.When five o'clock comes around, I get up and go home.W: I'm sorry to hear that, but work doesn't have to mean drudgery anymore.Indeed, work has changed dramatically for the better.M: How about the old saying” we work to live, not live to work?“W: Well, although money is an important factor,(2)people now want to live fulfilling lives with meaningful jobs, rather than to simply earn a living.M: But it's hard for me to feel that way.W: I think your attitude to work needs a radical change.Since the industrial revolution, we have made work our enemy.Now it doesn't have to be that way.M: It's really interesting to hear all this, but doing work does not mean watching an exciting movie.You' ve still got to go through the nuts and bolts of your work.W:(3)While there are still dull and humble jobs,(2)workers now have more choices and are no longer tied to a job for life.M: That's true.W;(2)And work has become more intellectually challenging for more people, allowing them to think, learn, develop new skills, and find a sense of purpose and identity.Key：1.D2.D3.AQuestions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation.M: Which do you prefer, city or country life?W:(4)It's a fifty-fifty choice and it largely depends on the individual.But the bottomline is that each life has its own advantages and disadvantages.M: You're right there.Generally speaking, people in the city are better paid.Andaccording to the latest study, an income difference between the city and the country isthree to one.Isn't that alarming!W: Living in the country incurs fewer expenses, although the costs of transportationare much higher.M: I think that philosophy is the root of the differe nce,(5)ln the city.people want to”do it all in one day“.In the country, people don't expect to get it all done in one day.Country folks tend to plan more because planning is required just to survive.W: In the country, you mind your own business without being unfriendly.And there arefewer restrictions on what you can do, whether or not there is a law about it.(6)Manylaws on the books are not enforced.M: Also, there is no real crime to speak of.Any petty crime is usually committed by the local school kids and is nothing serious.W: But the city continues to be a magnet, drawing people from the country, rather thanthe other way around.Key：4.A5.D6.BQuestions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation.W: What kind of fast food do you normally eat?M: Burgers.sandwiches, sometimes I like a pizza or kebabs.W: Oh, right.And how often do you eat fast food: every day, more than once a weekor less than once a week?M:(7)Monday to Friday when I'm working, but not usually at the weekends.W: And what time of day do you eat fast food?M: Well, at work as I said, at lunchtime.For example, when I go out, I get ahamburger or a sandwich.W: Oh, right.Do you only eat it as a main meal or do you snack between meals?M: No, only as a main meal, lunch or in the evening.W: And what do you think of fast food? Which statements do you think are true?(8)”It's convenient“ ?M:(8)Oh, definitely.That's sort of the main reason that I eat it.W: Right.How about ”It tastes good“?M: Yeah, but not as good as food like in a good resta urant.But it's not bad.W: ”It's good for you“?M: No.Sort of eating quickly and standing up is bad for me.The food isn't very good.(8)There are not enough greens.W: How about” It's an expensive way of eating“ ? What do you think of that?M: Oh, yes, it is.But you're paying for the convenience, the speed of it.(9)1 certainlythink that it's cheaper than cooking your own food.Key：7.A8.C9.A10.BSECTION BPASSAGESQuestions II to 13 are based on the following passage.Love can be seen everywhere.Yet surprisingly, love has been the subject of lessscientific research than other emotions , such as anger and fear.The reason for this istwofold.(11)First, love is a very complex emotion, difficult to describe and measure.Secondly, extreme love ia generally not a problem;thus less medical attention has beenpaid to it.Love is an enduring, strong, positive attraction and feeling for another person orthing.(12)But it also involves feelings of caring, protection, excitement, andtenderness.Sometimes it is easier to think in terms of different kinds of love: ”puppy“love, romantic love, brotherly love, and so forth.Though they differ in some respects,they share one important characteristic: a strong positive feeling toward another.Ourfeelings toward other people are often complex.(12)We may love someone and, at thesame time, be anffly with him.Or we may love someone, even though we are jealousof him.We might love someone and, at the same time, hate for specific reasons.Like love, hate can be a very strong emotion.The question is often asked/is it badto hate? ”Usually hate does not help us;it makes us feel unhappy and do things thatmay hurt others.(13)However, sometimes it may be necessary to hate and hurtsomeone in order to protect loved ones.Key：11.D12.A13.D14.DQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the following passage.You might think that most of the patients at sleep clinics are being treated forsleeplessness, commonly referred to as insomnia, but that is not the cage.14)Themajority of sleep-clinic patients suffer from disorders of excessive sleep or“hy-persomnia”.While most insomniacs somehow manage to drag themselves through theday and function at acceptable, although not optimal.levels.This is not so for peoplewho suffer from hypersomnia.They are incapacitated by irresistible urges to sleep during the day, often ininappropriate situations—at business meetings, in supermarkets, or at parties.Evenmore dangerous is their failure to remain awake when driving or operating machines.Falling asleep in such situations could obviously be life-threatening,Many hypersomnia suffer from narcolepsy,for which the primary symptom isexcessive daytime sleepiness.(15)Though not apparent in childhood.this symptommost often appears for the first time during the teen years and continues through aperson's life.The sleep attacks may occur as many as fifteen to twenty times during thecourses of the day and last for periods from fifteen minutes up to two hours.What can be done to help those suffering from narcolepsy?(16)There are certaindrugs that can help, and specialists Suggest voluntary napping to decrease thefrequency of such sleep attacks.Key: 14.D15.B16.CQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the following passage.(17)It was fifty years ago when the economist Milton Friedman proposed School Choice Programs to improve American education.Today, about 36 000 students are served by vouchers.The programs are in the city of Washington D.C..and three of the fifty states: Florida, Ohio and Wisconsin.The number of students will grow with 14 000 new vouchers just approved by lawmakers in Ohio.And Utah will offer a voucher program for disabled students.(18)A few states offer tax credits or other forms of support to help parents pay for private schools.(20)One objection to vouchers has to do with the fact that most private schools are religious.The Constitution separates government and religion.Voucher critics argue that the use of public money for religious school is unconstitutional.Opponents of vouchers suggest public schools should get more money so all children can attend good schools near their home.Yet some people think all families should be offered vouchers, not just poor ton Friedman and his wife started the Milton and Rose D.FriedmanFoundation to work for school choice with the goal to improve, through competition, the quality of education for all.(19)Milton Friedman had his ninety-third birthday on Sunday.The Nobel Prize-winning economist has been talking to reporters about the fiftieth anniversary of his proposal.Mr.Friedman told Education Week that he thinks fifty years from now, all students will be served by school vouchers.Key：17.A18.D19.C20.BSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item IThe UN resolution calls for greater international intelligence and law enforcement cooperation,(21)/(22)and it requires states to change their banking laws in order to place the global network of terrorism financiers.It makes providing funds for terror activities a criminal offence and would freeze bank accounts of those who sponsor terrorism.Key：21.D22.BNews Item 2A police spokesman said the devices were made safe by explosive experts in the Ardoyne district,(23)where a woman was shot in the leg and 13 police officers were injured during a second successive night of violence.Northern Ireland's police chief had earlier called on community leaders to work together to end the violence.(24)The violence has erupted sporadically throughout a summer of sectarian tension in Northern Belfast.Key: 23.D24.CNews Item 3Airlines are being hit with huge increases to insure their planes after the terrorist attacks in the United States.(25)Goshawk Insurance Holdings which insures aircraft around the world, said rates have soared as much as tenfold since the September 11th terror attacks.Airlines around the world have cut services anddismissed staff as their business has plunged in the week of the crisis.They are also struggling with increased security costs.Key: 25.D26.CNews Item 4(26)A Pakistani lawyer said the resumption of the trial of eight foreign aid workers accused of preaching Christianity in Afghanistan has been put off until Sunday.He had met earlier Saturday with eight workers, two Americans, two Australians and four Germans.They insisted they were in Afghanistan to help the poor, not to convert them.(27)The penalty for these captured eight workers could range from expulsion to a jail term and death sentence.Key：26.C27.ANews Item 5On the 20th anniversary of the first official report on AIDS, the head of the United Nations AIDS programme warns that the deadly diseases may only be at the early stages in many 'parts of the world.Doctor Peo said the disease-has already reached staggering proportions since first being identified in 1981.58 million people world-wide have contracted fjfle HIT virus, which causes AIDS while 22 million have died from related illnesses.(28)The UN estimates the world HIV-positive population at 36 million, including 25 million in sub-Sahara Africa.International officials warned the disease would have disasters political, social and economical consequences in many developing countries.Key: 28.BNews Item 6(29)H.G.Wells, a pioneer of science fiction wrote a story in which a man was blown into the fourth dimension by a laboratory explosion.When he returned to normal surroundings, he found his heart was now on the right-hand side of his bodyinstead of the left.(30)In fact, some people do have their internal organs ordered thisway, but their problems are due to genetics.The genes responsible have been discovered by researchers in the United States who reported their findings in the latest edition for the journal Nature Genetics.This is the end of Listening Comprehension.Key: 29.B30.A第四篇：09年英语专四听力原文和答案2009年专四听力答案PART IDICTATIONNew Year's EveFor many people in the west, New Year's Eve is the biggest party of the year./lt's the time to get together with friends or family/and welcome in the coming year./ New Year's parties can take place in different places./Some people hold a house party;others attend street parties;/ while some just go for a few drinks with their friends./Big cities have large and spectacular fireworks displays./ There is one thing that all New Year's Eve parties have in common,/ the countdown to midnight./ When the clock strikes 12, people give a loud cheer and sing songs./ It's also popular to make a promise in the New Year./This is called a New Year's resolution./ Typical resolutions include giving up smoking and keeping fit./However, the promise is often broken quite quickly /and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions I to 3 are based on the following conversation.W: Hi, Mark.How are you?M:(2)Actually, I'm really fed up, Linda.It's Jean.W:(2)Jean? Who is Jean?M: Oh, nobody really.(1)Just a most stunningly attractive girlin my year school.W: Oh, is that all?(1)So what's the problem?M:(1)Well, the thing is I just don't know how to make her notice me, or...W: Wait a minute.I've got a brilliant idea I(3)Why don't you try talking to her? M:(3)But I wouldn't know what to say.1...W: Look, she's in your chemistry class, isn't she? You're good at chemistry.(3)You could offer to help her with her chemistry homework.How about that? M: Not bad.Just one problem.W: What?M:(3)She's better than me at chemistry.W: OK, then?(3)Well, there is that party at John's on Friday night.You could invite her.M:(2/3)Just another small problem.John's her boyfriend.Key:1.B2.C3.AQuestions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation.W: Yes, can I help you?M: Yes, you see I bought this personal stereo at your shop three days ago.And I'm afraid that it hasn't really matched up to what I was told about it.W: I see.What exactly is the matter?M:(4/6)Well, first of all, there's this large scratch across the front of it.W: But you should have noticed that when you bought it.M: But it was in the box and all sealed up.W:(4)Well, I am sorry, but it really is your responsibility to check the goods when you buy them.How were were to know that it wasn't you who made the scratch?M: That's ridiculous.(6)But, anyway, it's not the most important thing.I really am not happy about this other thing.W:And what is that?M: Look, it says here that the noise from it should be undetectable by other people,W: Yes, that's right.M: But people can hear it and it's really embarrassing on the bus and the underground.W: Well, I am sorry.(5)But it must be the way youare wearing the headphones.M:(5)Look, I know how to put earphones in my ears.Thank you very much.But what I want to know is what you are going to do about it all.W:(7)Well, I suppose we could exchange it for another model if you really aren't happy with it.M: No, I certainly am not.W:(7)Well, if I just could have the receipt.M: Yes, well there is a slight problem about this receipt.Key: 4.C5.A6D7.B.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation.W: Hello, Happy Time Catering Services Victoria speaking.How can I help you?M: Hello, Victoria.This is Joe Smith from Country Holidays.(8/9)I wonder if you could do some catering for us next week.(10)We're having a small reception.It's to launch our summer holiday advertising campaign.Would you be free?W: When exactly is it, Mr.Smith?M: April 21st, that's Thursday.Oh, sorry, no.(9)lt should be Friday.W: Oh, Yes, I can do that.(10)Where will you be holding at?M: We thought we would have had it at head office and use the conference room because there is enough room for everyone there.W: OK, what aort of things would you like?M: Just a light lunch I think.So that People can eat while they move around and talk to each other.(10)You did something similar for us last year.We will be happy to have the same menu again.W: Right, I will look at my dairy and see what you had last time.Oh, I nearly forgot to ask you,(10)how many should I cater for?M: Well, I think most people will be able to come, perhaps around 30.No, let's say 35, to be sure.W: Right, thank you for getting in touch Mr.Smith.I will send confirmation of the arrangements by the end of this week.M: OK.Key: 8.C9.A10.D SECTION B PASSAGESQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.For shopaholics, the post-Christmas period means only one thing—sales!(12)Across the country, prices are slashed on clothing, electronics, home furnishings and more,(11)but London is the place for serious shopping and you can certainly pick up some amazing bargains.(12)The sales start on Boxing Day—26th, December and continue for the month of January, but the keenest bargain hunters get there early to be first through the doors,(12)In Oxford Street queues formed outside shops ahead of pre-dawn openings for the start of their sales.At Brent Cross, in north London, more than 1 ,000 people were queuing at 3:30a.m.for the ' Next' clothing store's sale which began at 4 a.m.Some people even camped outside the shops to be the first in the line.(13)Some people are taking their friends shopping with them and buying their Christmas presents in the sales.A practical but unromantic way of making sure you get the gift you really want.For a less exciting but less stressful shopping experience, online retailers are also getting in on the act with January sales of their own.(13)The most organized of all are those who are already doing their present shopping for next Christmas in the Jyuary“ sales.Key:11.C12.A13.DQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage.(14)Ballroom dancing used to be seen as something rather unfashionable that old people might do.(15)For the past five years though, the popularity of ballroom dancing has soared thanks to a reality TV show.Strictly Come Dancing is one of the big TV shows.(16)Millions of people tune in every Saturday night to watch the show which airs from September right up to Christmas.(16)In the show a number of professional ballroom dancers each dance with a celebrity.Every week they have to learna different ballroom dance and perform it live on TV on Saturday night.The show demonstrates how glamorous ballroom dancing is.The celebrities get to wear colorful dresses and suits to dance in, and it looks like a lot of fun.The TV programme also shows what good exercise it can be to ballroom dance and what hard work is involved in learning the dances and performing them properly.Dance schools around the country have seen a boost in the number of people wanting to learn how to dance.(17)And it's not only old people who are interested.Lots of children and young people in their 20s are keen to learn.Key: 14.B15.D16.A17.CQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage.(18)Recently, a couple in New Zealand were forbidden from naming their baby son 4Real.Even though New Zealand has quite liberal rules about naming children, names beginning with a number are not allowed.They decided to call him Superman instead.In many countries around the world, unusual names for children are becoming more popular, especially since the increasing trend for celebrities to give their children unusual names.(19)Some parents choose names which come from popular culture.For example, there have been six boys named Gandalf after the character in the Lord of the Rings novels and films.Equally names related to sport are fairly common —since 1984, 36 children have been called Arsenal after the football team.Other parents like to make up names, or combine names to make their own unique version, a method demonstrated by Jordan, the British model, who recently invented the name Tidarnii for her daughter by combining the names Thea and Amy(the two grandmothers)-She was quoted as saying that the accent and double letters were added tomake the name 'moreexotic'.(20)Other countries have much stricter rules when it comes to naming children.Countries including Japan, Denmark, Spain, Germany and Argentina have an approved list of names from which parents must choose.Key: 18.C19.D20.ASECTION CNEWS BROADCASTNews Item IEleven fishing boat crew who had been stranded since October in a remote part ofRussia's Far East have been rescuedafter sheltering nearly three months at an abandoned military base.(21)The eight men and three women took refuge at the base after their small boat collided on October 10th.Their attempts to fix one of the boats did not succeed,(22)and theyhad to remain at the abandoned base where there were only flour and-cooking fat.Other supplies at the base, which was abandoned in 2003 including Christmas ornaments, and the crew members put them up on a small tree inside their quarters, but supplies began running low and early this week, five set off on foot across snow fields.On Friday, after fours days of trudging, they reached a working military radio station,(23)the center called rescuers and helicopters were sent to take the eleven to the regional capital.Key:21.B22.C23.A News Item 2(24)Spain's King Juan Carlos with 32 years on the throne turns 70 Saturday, butafter years of undeniable adulation among Spaniards for putting down an attempted coup in 1981 ,(25)he's recently faced more difficult times.Small groups of leftists have burned his photo, and fiery criticism has also come from the right with one leading conservative radio host calling for him to step down.Juan Carlos fired back with a rare public defense of his reign in a recent。
2013英语专业四级真题及答案
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART 3 CLOZE 15 MINDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passag e if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) _____ not be po ssible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) _____ the workers in government of fices who (33) _____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) _____ we need somewhe re to live and something to eat. But (36) _____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, differe nt people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) _____, which is called income tax, (39) _____. It is arrang ed in such (40)______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) _ ___ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per cent! (43) _____ countries with taxation nearly (44) _____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.”Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) _____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) _ ___ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)___ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______ as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the p oor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33.A. look into B. look over C. look over D. look through34.A. In accordance with B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. personst B. sectors C. communities D. classes39.A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40.A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44.A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. way47.A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50.A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that bes t completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny ________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nounsEXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.Let me drive you home, shall I?B.You will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind. ‘63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC.AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means ________.A. I was unable to doC. I was unable to stopB. I couldn’t understandD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined part means _________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined pa rt means _________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Shee t Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant me ssaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can rep lace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying t ribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over t he past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit them selves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and m atters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information m ust be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way.（流行病）announced, the idea of “swine flu” many people. Informative speeches from World Health Orga nization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible preca utions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one an d gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson ,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisi ngly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at colle ge or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language willbe needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To lear n those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT ______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______ “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach f or my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music a nd one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototyp e, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big res earch effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a （抵押贷款） on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months t o get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company start ed selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often peo ple walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would the y look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anyth ing we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It’d kill us to take back all the produc tsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire th at said you had an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like e veryone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees , the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish Icould say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certai n where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I’d been walking aroun d like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, n ot the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, be cause I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I c ouldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I’d started to get complacent. It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to a trophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren’tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torren ts of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins. These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can’t change your behaviour by simply resol ving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a mu scle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, y ou‟ll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed byhabit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don‟t try to ignore your afternoon snackcraving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devisestrategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, inclu ding your relationship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting cert ain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formedby mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness. If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshene r, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.96. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?A. Passion.B. Action.C. Capability.D. Determination.97. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because ______.A. there were many other factors beyond one's control.B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time.C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless.D. what one wishes to do should be considered carefully.98. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?A. Habit is key to one's behaviour.B. One's behaviour is difficult to change.C. Both habit and will power are important.D. Habit has an unidentified structure.99. According to the new character model, personal behaviour could be altered through ______.A. cues to stop all the former unconscious habits.B. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.C. techniques to devise different physical cues.D. techniques to supplement old routines.100. We learn from the passage that the new character model ______.A. stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habit change.B. can bring about changes in one's life like what advertisers do.C. has been used to change behaviour successfully.D. deals better with emotional aspects of behaviour.P ART VI WRITINGSECTION A COMPOSITION 45 MINMost of us, as students, are careful with our money in daily life: we collect all kinds of coupons;we look for group-buy deals if we eat out or travel; we don't buy clothes unless in a sale. However, so me people think that all this may not make us smart consumers. What is your opinion?Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words. You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons or your experience (s) to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.You should supply an appropriate title for your composition.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN]Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation: Your former high-school classmate (Mathew or Grace) is coming to visit you in the dorm. But, you ha ve got something urgent to do and thus cannot wait for him/her there. Leave a note on the door, expres sing your apology and telling him/her how to find you. You must make clear where you are in the note.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.附：【答案详解】PART 1 DictationWhat is a dream for?One theory is that we dream to release the deep secret desires. We don't express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can't solve in real life. We go to sleep with the problem and wake up with the solution. This maybe a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important, then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that the dreams are the brains' wave of cleaning up the computer's hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.PART 2 LITENING COMPREHENSION1-10 ABCAD ACAAD11-20 DCADB BBDAC21-30 DBADB CBBCAPART 3 CLOZE31-40 DACBD CBACB41-50 DCADB BCDBBPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51—55 CDBAC 56—60 BDCAA 61—65 BBACA66—70 CABDA 71—75 CBDAC 76—80 CADBAPART 5 READING COMPREHENSION81-85 CACDB86-90 DACBC91-95 BDDAC96-100 DAACAPART 6 WRITINGSECTION A COMPOSITIONThe advantages of being careful with money in daily lifeNowadays, there is a hot debate on whether people, including students should be careful with their money in their daily life since they try their best to save money. Some people think it is not good to do so because this may not make people smart consumers. But in my eyes, the advantages of being careful with money in daily life outweigh the disadvantages.First, being careful with money is a virtue that can always benefit people. Being thrifty is of great help, especially when the economic status around the world is not very good and it becomes harder to earn money than before. A good habit of being careful with money will help many people go through this difficult period or any other difficult financial situation in their life. People with this awareness will think carefully before deciding to buy anything. For students, this awareness is also of great help since they mainly depend on their parents for financial supports. When they keep this awareness in their mind, they will definitely avoid wasting money.Secondly, being careful with money is, in fact, a good way of practicing how to manageone's money. In current society, it is necessary to learn something about finance. But theories are usually hard to learn. In contrast, most people can learn quickly by practicing. Being careful with money means an efficient use of money, which, in essence, equals to part of the job of a financial planner. Being careful with money can teach people to make best use of their money.It is true that being too careful with money may have some disadvantages; for example, it may cause people to ignore other aspects of commodities. But overall this behavior is good and has its reality basis. Money-consciousness is always needed in the market-oriented economy.SECTION BApril 20 Dear Mathew,I'm writing to show my apology for being unable to wait for you in my dorm. I'm really sorry but I have something urgent to do. You can come to Room 1003, No. 3 Teaching Building to find me. The map on the back of the note will help you. I'll wait for you there.Yours,Tom。
英语专四真题及答案解析汇总
2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--汇总2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--听写部分参考答案What is a dream forOne theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires. We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can't solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution. This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important, then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that dreams are the brain's way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--语法部分51. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语;动名词可以有自己的逻辑意义主语,一般可以用名词所有格Tom's,代词宾格如him口语,书面语情况下一般用物主代词his,their;本题选C,但我还是要吐槽,因为根本就不需要多此一举添加his, he didn't deny breaking the agreement完全正确,比原题要精简地道许多,从写作角度来看,his根本是多余的,当然纯粹考察语法的话选C;52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part func tions as a n _______.A. appositive 同位语B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.解析：此题恐怕是最受争议的题目了,有人认为选A,有人认为选D;根据English Grammar: A University Course一书,“The Subject Complement 主语补足语 is the obligatory constituent which follows a copular verb系动词 and which cannot be made subject in a passive clause: 比如Who’s thereIt’s me/It’s I. She became a tennis champion at a very early age. Feel free to ask questions” 一般语法书也是这么说的,有的书上把这种情况下接的名词叫做predicate noun/nominative,接的形容词叫做predicate adjective;该书接着说“As well as be and seem, a wide range of verbs can be used to link the subject to its Complement; these add meanings of transition become, get, go, grow, turn and of perception sound, smell, look among others,” 比如I know it sounds stupid. The situation becomes even worse. 这些一般语法书也会提到,但是题目里的都不是这种现象,很多语法书对主语补语的介绍也就到此为止;好在这本书多介绍了一点,但情况很微妙;此书又说 More problematic is the constituent following other verbs that could be used intransitively with the same meaning, as in: Saint Ethelbert was born a Saxon princess. she was bornHe returned a broken man. he returnedHe died young. he diedWe shall consider such constituents as Complements on the strength of the possible paraphrase containing be When he returned he was a broken man; When he died he was young.这部分恰好就是本题所代表的类型,但是从该书作者表述来看,他们也承认这样的句子很不一般,不太容易轻易判定是否为主语补语,在本书里,作者认为可以看作是主语补语,因为大概可以改写成含有系动词be的句子,但作者的措辞显然没有那么肯定,有待商榷的意思;据此,本题可以选D,是主语补足语;53. Which of the following is a compound word 复合词A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit解析：首先要知道什么是复合词;A compound is a word that consists of more than one free morpheme;所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体,其最大的特点是不能再被分割为更小的音义结合体;而free morpheme是指能独立存在使用的词素,bound morpheme则是必须依附于其他单位的词素,比如前缀后缀属于bound morpheme,如pre-,-ment,在单词shipment里,ship就是free morpheme,-ment则是bound;因此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个free morpheme构成dead + line,其他三个都有Bound morpheme比如non, ness, mis-等;54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive moodA. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o'clock.B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.解析: subjunctive mood是指虚拟语气,四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟语气用法,其中that从句里省略了should;55. The following determiners限定词 can be used with both plural and uncou ntable nouns EXCEPT __________.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点,诸如some,many,both,all,each等用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典;这道题看似有点难度,也许你从来不知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词,但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接名词试试就知道了,比如more money, more trees; enough money, enough trees; many money,many trees; such big trees, such behavior.所以选C;56. 解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列;A,C里的and表示先后；D里的and表示递进；只有B里的and表示对比;56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRASTA. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute名词替代词A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter解析：估计不少学生看到名词替代词这个术语,一开始都吓着了,因为压根没听说过,不过对做这道题目倒无大碍,所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语,避免重复的词,英语里one, ones,thesame等都是常见的;比如There are good films as well as bad ones.除此以外还有the kind, the sort,比如Slang disappears quickly, especially the juvenile sort.还有一些不定代词等比如all, both, some, any enough, several, none, many, much, a few, a little, the other, others, another, either, neither等,比如Can you get me some nailsI need some. I don’t want any more food. I’ve had enough. 本题选D, quarter 不是名词替代词;58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT __.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.解析：这道题目有点意思,既考查时态,又考查will的用法,A/B/D都是将来时的各种表达,唯独C的will,看似是将来时标志,其实不然,因为和by now矛盾,这里will的用法是指you think something is true,表说话人自己的看法,比如That will be Tim coming home now; Ask anyone and they will tell you the same thing. 本题选C;59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECTA. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.解析：本题考查主谓一致agreement/concord;ten miles看作整体单数,mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的,不可数名词；furniture在英语里是不可数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治,而是指政治学political science,是不可数名词,但这个用法主要是英式英语;此外,politics表示政治可以看作不可数名词,也可以看作复数,比如Politics have always interested me. 本题选A;60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relati onshipA. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde解析：章振邦的书拿到手后果然发现了他的讲解,基本就是原句;第五版的55页,名词属格和of-词组一节说：名词属格和of-词组在意义和用法上有许多相同之处,比如the trunk of an elephant=an elephant's trunk,表示主谓关系有the arrival of the prime minister;表示动宾关系 the occupation of the Island;表来源 the law of Newton;因此据此本题选A;但我要吐槽的是先不说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到,就这种主谓关系,动宾关系的说法我就不太同意,因为所谓词组的主谓关系和动宾关系是汉语语法里的说法,英语里说主谓自然指的是句子,一个名词短语何来主谓之说61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositiveA. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.解析：又是同位语四个选项的用法在大部分语法书里并没有做进一步区分,都成为不定式的定语用法,修饰名词;不过章振邦的书里又出现了这个,又是原句作为选项出现,章指出不定式作为名词的后置修饰语时,不定式和名词之间的搭配关系是主谓A中的the man draw back,也可以是C和D的动宾to fear nothing, to support family；有时候也是同为关系,比如urge冲动的内容就是指to tell a lie撒谎,故为同位语;我不得不吐槽,章很喜欢分析任何语法单位的结构,他在教师用书的第一部分也说本书语法体系是要贯彻层次分析法;62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentenceA. Let me drive you home, shall IB. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.解析：花了点时间翻遍手头各类语法和用法图书,除了直接用动词打头,Do/Don't,You/其他唤名+动词, let类型外,均没有见到D的wish类型;说明：似乎只有章振邦的书上在情态动词will一节提到B的属于加强祈使句;我个人对此表示质疑;更常见的应该是You mind your own business;如果说You will mind your own business是祈使句,那么You will see him now岂不是也是祈使句这显然说不通;其实You will mind your own business要有祈使句功能,还跟语气语调有很大关系,应该念成You WILL mind your own business 而不是YOU will mind your own business. 出题人不严谨,死扣语法书,可见一斑;63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained解析：最经典的If条件虚拟句,说的是将来,应该选A.64. Which of the following sentences expresses a factA. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It’s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.解析：目前来看又要有争议;很多人认为是B,而我之前说C,尽管C里的must是表示主观必须C只有前半句是fact,后半句谈不上什么事实;问题在于如何理解B的must;在English Grammar: A University Course一书里有一节谈到must的logical necess ity用法问题,作者说在英式英语里有用must表示逻辑上的必定如此,尽管美国人更喜欢用have to;比如 If Jane is Pat's sister and Jill is Jane's daughter, Pat must be Jill's aunt.此时Pat must be Jill's aunt就相当于不用情态动词的陈述句Pat is Jill's aunt.如此极端的例子才能说明这是逻辑上的必然,但我实在看不出选项B里一个没有语境的句子是如何有逻辑上的必然,我个人觉得Careless readin g must give poor results.和Careless reading gives poor results.还是不一样的;B句是章振邦那本书里的原句,章自己也说“用must表示必然,也是一种推测或推断,其口气最为肯定,一般用于肯定陈述句”由此来看,再如何肯定那也是一种推断,不是fact;65. The following are all dynamic verbs动态动词 EXCEPT __________.A. remainB. turnC. writeD. knock解析：看到专四考这个题目,我只能呵呵;动态动词是指能够延续持续动作的,比如hit,run等,相反的则是Stative Verb静态动词,比如know.现在进行时是常见检验手段;你不能说I am knowing the answer,只能说I know the answer,因此know是静态动词;同理,题目的A选项remain也是静态动词,其他都是动态动词;2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--词汇部分66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting解析：这题没啥好说的,适应学校生活 adjust to school life,选C;67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard解析： dreary指dull,选A;但有词典指出boring也是近义词,外教也表示AB均可;所以B也是对的,我估计出题人是选A;68. At last night’s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn’t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn’t tolerate解析：be beyond somebody指to be too difficult for someone to understand.故选B;69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up解析：选D;do up这里指to repair an old building or car, or to improve its appearance;此外do up还可以指fasten something,比如Do your laces up before you trip over.70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award解析：选A;这里的credit指approval or praise that you give to someone for something they have done.常见搭配有give credit; take/claim/deserve credit;71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother’s promise. The underlined part means __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told解析：首先ABCD的释义都是指apparently的意思,具体语境有具体不同的释义,在我们这个句子里,指according to the way someone looks or a situation appears, although you cannot be sure. 因此选C;换一个句子比如I wasn’t there, but apparently the thief got away.这里的apparently就指A或D;72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence解析：选B;这里的argument指a set of reasons that show something is true or untrue, right or wrong;相当于汉语说的主张论点;很多人选C,point的确有这个意思,也可以接同位语从句,搭配上习惯是说take the/sb’s poi nt.不过,我询问过外教,他是觉得argument更好,只是point也没什么不对;73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much解析：infinite是finite的反义词,这里指very great/huge in amount or degree,因此选D;74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident解析：选A;in the event of something is used to tell people what they should do if something happens.75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help解析：midwife是指产婆,接生员;所以选C,deliver可以指接生孩子,或者生孩子; 76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string 解析：选C;以复数形式出现的premises指the buildings and land that a shop, restaurant, company etc uses.77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding解析：选A;首先appeal是指上诉;Conclusive指showing something is definitely true,比如conclusive proof/evidence/findings;旁证是circumstantial evidence.78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast解析：个人认为选D;又见量化问题,一阵/股冷风袭来该如何用英语说;首先句子里动词用了sweep,指to move suddenly and/or with force over an area or in a particular direction.而blast指a sudden strong movement of air;但问题在于C;词典里rush其实可以指a sudden fast movement of air, 外教的回答是blast is better here and is what native speakers would prefer. 而Flow往往接的是水流电流等,而且指a smooth and steady movement.79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually __________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted解析：refrain from sth/doing sth指to not do something you want to do,主要用于书面语;80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightly解析：先聊聊gaily这个单词的来源吧;这个单词虽然是ly结尾却是形容词,是有gay + ly 变来的;而gay在很早的时候是指人happy, merry, cheerful,或者颜色bright, attractive,这个用法现代英语已经抛弃,请大家不要乱用;所谓gailypainted/colored/decorated指having bright cheerful colors.所以选A;2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--完形填空原文真题暂缺,加粗部分为原空Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us；nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves；nor the ministers and members of parliament国会 who govern the country for us. By means of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about how taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equallyIn most countries, a direct tax on persons, which is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer’s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninety-five percent But countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or "duties". Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties, in the form of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is fairer, as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--写作部分SECTION A CO M POSITIONMost of us, as students, are careful with our money in daily life: we collect all kinds of coupons优惠券; we look for group-buy deals if we eat out or travel; we don't buy clothes unless in a sale. However, some people think that all this may not make us smart consumers. What is your opinionWrite on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words.You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your view is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons or your experiences to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.You should supply an appropriate tittle for your composition.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITINGWrite on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50—60 words based on the following situation:Your former high-school classmate Mathew or Grace is coming to visit you in the dorm. But, you have got something urgent to do and thus cannot wait for him/her there. Leave a note on the door, expressing your apology and telling him/her how to find you. You must make clear where you are in the note.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.参考范文SECTION AThe advantages of being careful with money in daily life Nowadays, there is a hot debate on whether people, including students should be careful with their money in their daily life since they try their best to save money. Some people think it is not good to do so because this may not make people smart consumers. But in my eyes, the advantages of being careful with money in daily life outweigh the disadvantages.First, being careful with money is a virtue that can always benefit people. Being thrifty is of great help, especially when the economic status around the world is not very good and it becomes harder to earn money than before. A good habit of being careful with money will help many people go through this difficult period or any other difficult financial situation in their life. People with this awareness will think carefully before deciding to buy anything. For students, this awareness is also of great help since they mainly depend on their parents for financial supports. When they keep this awareness in their mind, they will definitely avoid wasting money.Secondly, being careful with money is, in fact, a good way of practicing how to manage one's money. In current society, it is necessary to learn something about finance. But theories are usually hard to learn. In contrast, most people can learn quickly by practicing. Being careful with money means an efficient use of money, which, in essence, equals to part of the job of a financial planner. Being careful with money can teach people to make best use of their money.It is true that being too careful with money may have some disadvantages; for example, it may cause people to ignore other aspects of commodities. Butoverall this behavior is good and has its reality basis. Money-consciousness is always needed in the market-oriented economy.SECTION BApril 20,2013 Dear Mathew,I'm writing to show my apology for being unable to wait for you in my dorm. I'm really sorry but I have something urgent to do. You can come to Room 1003, No. 3 Teaching Building to find me. The map on the back of the note will help you. I'll wait for you there.Yours,Tom。
2013年英语专业四级真题及答案详解(含阅读理解).docx
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART 1 DICTATION 15 MINListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times: During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.PART 2 LITENING COMPREHENSION 20 MINSECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section, you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.1.According to the conversation, an example of“Christmas trimmings”could beA. presents.B. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2.A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCECTA. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots3.Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Bob.B. She had come to help Bob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.4.Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5.We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organize language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6.According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7.What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.8.According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9.The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages.Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.11. According to today?s weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountain.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.14.According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15.The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is16.According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten yearsEXCEPT A. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17.What could be topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.18. People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow 19. Which of the following NewYear?s traditions signals friendship? A. Throwing old dishes. B.Wearing something red. C. Wearing something white. D. Eatinground fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one?s own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to the passages carefully and then answerthe questions that follow.Questions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.21.What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollars.A.1B.2C.3D.4Questions 23 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24.Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B.There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D.The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given10 seconds to answer the questions.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given10 seconds to answer the questions.27.What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28.The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules becausethey A. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given10 seconds to answer the questions.29.Why is increase in livestock production necessary?30.What does the word“challenge”mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART 3 CLOZE 15 MINDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the correspondi ng blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) _____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) _____ the workers in government offices who (33) _____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) _____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) _____ ever yone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) _____, which is called income tax, (39) _____. It is arranged in such (40)______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ____ as the taxpayer's inco me grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per c ent! (43) _____ countries with taxation nearly (44) _____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or“ duties. Of” course, it is the men and women who buy these imported thing s in the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) _____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ____ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)___ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less m oney is obtained but the tax is (50) ______as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and highf or the rich, is the best arrangement.PART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Tw o.51.Facing the board of directors, hedidn?t deny ________ breaking theagreement. A. himB. itC. hisD. its52.Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语 )B. objectC.adverbialD. complement.53.Which of the following is a compound word (复合词 )? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54.Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C.Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights. D.Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55.The following determiners(限定词 ) can be used with both plural and uncountablenouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB.enough.C.many.D.such.56.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you? ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57.Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词 )? ______.A. Much.B.Neither.C.One.D.Quarter.58.All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A.Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B.The President is coming to the UN next week.C.The school pupils will be home by now.D.He is going to email me the necessary information.59.Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.60.Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61.Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.62.Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind. ,63.If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.64.Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It?s getting late, and I must leave now.D.He must be working late at the office.65.The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词 ) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C.write. D.knock.66.____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A.AdheringB.AdoptingC.AdjustingD.Acquainting67.He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________.A. dullB.boring C.long D.hard68.At last night?s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. Theunderlined part means ________.A. I was unable to doC. I was unable to stopB. I couldn?t understandD. I couldn?t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award71.The child nodded, apparently content with his mother?s promise. The underlinedpart means _________.A. as far as one has learntB.as far as one is concerned C.as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72.The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A.issueB.argumentC.pointD.sentence73.Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work.The underlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74.The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75.Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76.No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77.The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A.conclusiveB.definiteC.eventualD.concluding78.As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79.She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD.restricted80.The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ___ ______. A.brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four sug gested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a greatspee ch.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, enterta ining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagenin December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to fir mer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to pe ople's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, a ccurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. （流行病） announced, the idea of“swineflu ” many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk （鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work t o inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81.The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______“great speaking ability”?85.What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wan ted to make a new kind of headphone. I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were list ening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is rin ging. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “ It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone”. Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfe cted a prototype, and outsourced（外包） manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn?t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get thebusiness off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife,“Can I puta （抵押贷款） on the house? She said, What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again?I. definitely married the rightwoman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers“.Factories won 't ship your product till they get paid,”he says.“But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first”.Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling the m in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores.“ We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take hom e a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn?t sell, but we were dealing with huge num bers. It?d kill us to take back all the productsAlden?s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores andtripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren?tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory“. In the beginning,” he says,“ that little white wire that said youha d an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you?re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible”.Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the compan y is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86.Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87.The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C.mountain hikers. D.marathon runners.88.Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89.What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90.Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.“ Sit down, ” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. Ilaughed and said,“It can't be that bad”.But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a“safe” fund witha brilliant financial guru （金融大亨） .When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. SinceBernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wishI could say I had reservations about Madoff before“the Call” , but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered atTaj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked,“If you could haveyour money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “ I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I sto od. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open.?dI been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn?t satisfy me, because I wasn?t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money bac k, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, andthey didn?t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability beingripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I ?d started to get complacent. It?s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩） . Now they?re awake, alive— and I don?t want to go back.”Theseweren?tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke tha t she was moving into someone?s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy andweren't sure where or how they were going to live.91.What did the author learn from Taj?s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92.How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B.Disappointed.C.Indifferent.D.Desperate.93.According to the passage, to which was she“ forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C.Her lost savings. D.Her experience.94.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95.What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your jo b is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can?t change your behaviour by simply resolving to doso mething. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which ti res easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you?ll probably do so, too. The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed byhabit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don?t try to ignore your afternoon snackcraving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulate。
2013年英语专四真题与答案
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCECTA. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots3. Why did Helen come to Rob’s house?A. She wanted to talk to Bob.B. She had come to help Bob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organize language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work. SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.11. According to today’s weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountain.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D.Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 2014. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody’s access to technological advances. The main reason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17. What could be topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.18. People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one’s own New Year’s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside. SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART 3 CLOZE 15 MINEveryone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state:without it, it(31)_____not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us;(3 2)_____the workers in government offices who(33)_____our health,our food,ou r water,and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves.(34)_____taxat ion,we pay for things that we need just(35)_____we need somewhere to live and s omething to eat.But(36)_____everyone knows that taxation is necessary,diffe rent people have different ideas about(37)____taxation should be arranged.In most countries,a direct tax on(38)_____,which is called income tax,(39)__ ___.It is arranged in such(40)______that the poorest people pay nothing,and th e percentage of tax grows(41)____as the taxpayer's income grows.In some countr ies,for example,the tax on the richest people(42)______as high as ninety-five per cent!(43)_____countries with taxation nearly(44)_____have indirect tax ation too.Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or“duties.”Of course,it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops(45)___ ___really have to pay the duties,in the(46)______of higher prices.In some cou ntries,(47)_____,there is a tax on things sold in the shops.If the most necessa ry things are taxed,a lot of money is(48)____but the poor people suffer most.I f unnecessary things(49)___jewels and fur coats are taxed,less money is obtain ed but the tax is(50) ______as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax,together with a direct tax on incomes whi ch is low for the poor and high for the rich,is the best arrangement.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33.A. look into B. look over C. look over D. look through34.A. In accordance with B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of 35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. personst B. sectors C. communities D. classes39.A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40.A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C.Similarly D. And44.A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. way47.A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50.A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART4GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY15MINThere are thirty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best complet es the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51.Facing the board of directors,he didn‟t deny________breaking the agreement .A.himB.itC.hisD.its52.Xinchun returned from aboard a different man.The italicized part functions a s a(n)______.A.appositive(同位语)B.objectC.adverbialplement.53.Which of the following is a compound word(复合词)? ______.A.Nonsmoker.B.Deadline.C.Meanness.D.Misfit.54.Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A.Lucy insisted that her son get home before5o’clock?B.She used to drive to work,but now she takes the city metro.C.Walk straight ahead,and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D.Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55.The following determiners(限定词)can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT______.A.moreB.enough.C.many.D.such.56.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?______.A.She opened the door and quietly went in.B.Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C.Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D.He is somewhat arrogant,and I don't like this.57.Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A.Much.B.Neither.C.One.D.Quarter.58.All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT______.A.Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B.The President is coming to the UN next week.C.The school pupils will be home by now.D.He is going to email me the necessary information.59.Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?______.A.Politics are the art or science of government.B.Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D.All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60.Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship______.A.The arrival of the touristsB.The law of NewtonC.The occupation of the islandD.The plays of Oscar Wilde61.Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A.He is not the man to draw back.B.Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.rry has a large family to support.D.There is really nothing to fear.62.Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.Let me drive you home,shall I?B.You will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind.‘63.If it______tomorrow,the match would be put off.A.were to rainB.was to rainC.was rainingD.had rained64.Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?______.A.Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C.It‟s getting late,and I must leave now.D.He must be working late at the office.65.The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词)EXCEPT______.A.remain.B.turn.C.write.D.knock.66.____to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A.AdheringB.AdoptingC.AdjustingD.Acquainting67.He is fed up with the same old dreary routine,and wants to quit his job.The un derlined part means_________.A.dullB.boringC.longD.hard68.At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me.The und erlined part means________.A.I was unable to do C.I was unable to stopB.I couldn’t understand D.I couldn’t tolerate69.The couple______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A.did forB.did inC.did withD.did up70.Sally contributed a lot to the project,but she never once accepted all the___ _for herself.A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award71.The child nodded,apparently content with his mother‟s promise.The underlined part means_________.A.as far as one has learntB.as far as one is concernedC.as far as one can seeD.as far as one is told72.The________that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A.issueB.argumentC.pointD.sentence73.Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work.T heunderlined part means________.A.limitedB.unnecessaryC.overdueD.much74.The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an acc ident.The underlined part means_________.A.if an accident happensB.if an accident can be preventedC.before an accidentD.during an accident75.Traditionally,local midwives would________all the babies in the area.A.handleB.produceC.deliverD.help76.No food or drink is allowed on the premises.The underlined part means_______ _A.proposition B.advertisement C.building D.street77.The court would not accept his appeal unless________evidence is provided.A.conclusiveB.definiteC.eventualD.concluding78.As soon as he opened the door,a________of cold air swept through the house.A.flowB.movementC.rushD.blast79.She really wanted to say something at the meeting,but eventually________fr om it.A.preventedB.refrainedC.limitedD.restricted80.The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted.The underlined part means_________.A.brightlyB.light-heartedlyC.cheerfullyD.lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION25MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished stat ements,each with four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over2,000years ago.Now,twit ter,instant messaging,e-mail,blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to c ommunication-but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions:persuading or inspiring,inf orming,paying tribute,entertaining,or simply introducing someone or somethin g or accepting something.Over the past year,the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view.When t he leaders met inCopenhagen in December2009,persuasive words from activists en couraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches conf ront the emotions.They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hea rts.During wars,generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for batt le.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us.The inf ormation must be clear,accurate,and expressed in a meaningful and interesting w ay.（流行病）announced,the idea of“swine flu”many rmative speeches from World H ealth Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so t hey could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss o f a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting.Madonna' s speech about Michael Jackson,after his death,highlighted the fact that he wil l continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role.It ca n also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundne ss of your argument.In sports,athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates.You yourself may be asked to do a present ation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level,a friend may be upset and need comforting.Or you might b e asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding,where yo ur language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with.Even Barack Obama works h ard to perfect every speech.For a brilliant speech,there are rules that you can put to good use.To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outs tanding speeches in the past.81.The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because______.A.it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B.it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C.it plays important roles in human communication.D.it is of great use in everyday-life context.82.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaki ng? _____A.Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B.Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C.The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers'speec hes.D.Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT______.A.to convince people in a debate.B.to inform people at a presentation.C.to advise people at work.D.to entertain people at a wedding.84.According to the passage,which of the following best explains the author's v iew on______ “great speaking ability”?A.It comes from observing rules.B.It can be perfected with easy effort.C.It can be acquired from birth.D.It comes from learning and practice.85.What is the main idea of the passage?______.A.Public speaking in international forums.B.The many uses of public speaking.C.Public speaking in daily life context.D.The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things,says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden:inspiration and desperation.In2001,Alden had both.He'd sold two snowboarding businesses,and he was desperately bored.But he had an idea:He wanted to make a new kind of headp hone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were list ening to music,”he explains.Then I'm in a chairlift,I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing.As1take my gloves off and reach for my phone,I think,“It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs,one for music an d one for your cell phone.”Alden described what he wanted to a designer,perfecte d a prototype,and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets,backpacks-anywhere that w ould make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding.“Selling into board and s kate shops wasn't a big research effort,”he explains.“Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer.And by outsourcing,he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt.But he was wrong.So he asked h is wife,“Can I put a（抵押贷款）on the house?She said,…What is the worst thing that can happen?We lose the house,we sell our cars,and we start all over again.‟I definitely married the rig ht woman!”For the next two years,Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manuf acturers.“Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,”he says.“But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on yo ur door.So we paid the factory first.”Gradually,non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones.In2006,th e company started selling them in1,400FYE(For Your Entertainment)stores.“We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Sk ullcandy for the first time.Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead?We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell,but we wer e dealing with huge numbers.It’d kill us to take back all the productsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No.1headphone seller in those stor es and tripled its revenue to$120million in one year.His key insight was that he adphones weren’t gadgets;they were a fashion accessory.“In the beginning,”he s ays,“that little white wire that said you had an iPod---that was cool.But now w earing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else.Headphones occupy thi s critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today,Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier,after Sony.Wi th79employees,the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86.Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he______.A.was no longer in snowboarding business.B.had no other business opportunities.C.was very fond of modern music.D.saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87.The new headphone was originally designed for______.A.snowboarders.B.motorcyclists.C.mountain hikers.D.marathon runners.88.Did Alden solve the money problem?______.A.He sold his house and his cars.B.Factories could ship products before being paid.C.He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D.He borrowed money from his wife's family.89.What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?______.A.He spent more money on product advertising.B.He promised to buy back products not sold.C.He agreed to sell products at a discount.D.He improved the colour design of the product.90.Alden sees headphones as______.A.a sign of self-confidence.B.a symbol of status.C.part of fashion.D.a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj c alled.“Sit down,”she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotte n the haircut from hell.I laughed and said,“It can't be that bad.”But it was.Before the phone call,I had30years of retirement saving in a“safe”fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone,my savings were gone.I felt as if I had died and,f or some unknown reason,was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a$65million Ponzi scheme,I'v eread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on.I wi sh I could say I had reservations about Madoff before“the Call”,but I did not. On New Year's Eve,three weeks after we lost our savings,six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner.As we were sitting around the table,someone a sked,“If you could have your money back right now,but it would mean giving up wha t you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what lo sing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock.He said,“I just want the money back.”I w asn't certain where I stood.I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open .I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost:always focu sed on the bite that was yet to come,not the one in my mouth.No matter how much I ate or had or experienced,it didn’t satisfy me,because I wasn’t really taking it in,wasn't absorbing it.Now I was forced to pay attention.Still,I couldn't hon estly say that if someone had offered me the money back,I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalc ulable,and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability beingripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I’d started to get complacent.It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to atroph（萎缩）.Now they‟re awake,alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren’tjust empty words.Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders tomeet their expenses.Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage ap artment in three weeks.Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure wh ere or how they were going to live.91.What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A.had got an awful haircut.B.They had lost their retirement savings.C.Taj had just retired from work.D.They were going to meet for lunch.92.How did the author feel in the following weeks?A.Angry.B.Disappointed.C.Indifferent.D.Desperate.93.According to the passage,to which was she“forced to pay attention”?A.Her friends.B.Her husband.C.Her lost savings.D.Her experience.94.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A.Her friends valued their experience more.B.Her friends felt the same as she did.C.Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95.What is the message of the passage?A.Desire for money is human nature.B.One has to be decisive during crises.C.Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D.It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the19th century,there used to be a model of how to be a good person.There are a ll these torrents of passion flowing through you.Your job,as captain of your sou l,is to erect dams to keep these passions in check.Your job is to just say no to l aziness,lust,greed,drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion.You usually can’t change your behaviour b y simply resolving to do something.Knowing what to do is not the same as being abl e to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence.It 's more like a muscle,which tires easily.Moreover,you're a social being.If ev erybody around you is overeating,you‟ll probably do so,too.The19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will.Toda y,we know that free will is bounded.People can change their lives,but ordering change is not simple because many things,even within ourselves,are beyond our d irect control.Much of our behaviour,for example,is guided by unconscious habits.Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than40percent of the actions we take are governed by habit,not actual decisions.Researchers have also come to understa nd the structure of habits—cue,routine,reward.You can change your own personal habits.If you leave running shorts on the floor at。
2013年英语专四考试真题及答案解析
2013年4月20日英语专业四级TEM4真题及答案(含部分解析)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.页脚内容1Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. Accordi ng to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could be _______.A. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT _______.A. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learna new language. D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the club _______.页脚内容2A. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from local studentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on _______.A. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD. Friday7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPT _______.A. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring页脚内容310. We learn from the conversation that the woman _______.A. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?页脚内容4A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is _______.A. illiteracyB. povertyC. food shortageD. ignorance16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT _______.A. giving everyone a radio or TVB. starting to carry out the scheme in ten yearsC. offering internet service to more peopleD. providing more job opportunities17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.页脚内容5C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something _______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year?s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.页脚内容6Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about _______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.页脚内容7C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT _______.A. alcohol abuseB. smokingC. depressionD. schizophrenia26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.页脚内容828. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they _______.A. had only covered cargo plane pilotsB. had failed to cover all the pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implementedQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.页脚内容9PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it (31)____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32)____ the workers in government offices who (33)____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. (34)____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35)____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on (38)____, which is called income tax, (39)____. It is arranged in such a (40)____ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41)____ as the taxpayer?s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)____ as high as ninety-five percent! (43)____ countries with direct taxation nearly (44)____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)____ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)____ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)____, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)____ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is (50)____, as the rich pay it.页脚内容1031. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through34. A. In accordance to B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. why47. A. either B. also C. too D. often页脚内容1148. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ______.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o?clock?页脚内容12B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don?t like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.页脚内容1359. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.页脚内容14A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It's getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remainB. turnC. writeD. knock66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means ______.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part means ______.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn't understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn't tolerate页脚内容1569. The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ______ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ______.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means ______.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be prevented页脚内容16C. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ______.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ______ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ______.页脚内容17A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT ASaying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we're brought up to be polite, and it is important to make a good impression upon other people — especially across national divides. The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in 5 December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic 流行病was announced, the idea of “swine flu”猪流感scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays页脚内容18tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk 鼓舞士气的讲话before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh. Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _____.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is IN CORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.页脚内容19C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skull candy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift 索道, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing.页脚内容20As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced外包manufacturing overseas. Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!” Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a m ortgage 抵押贷款on the house? She said, ?What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.? I definitely married the right woman!” For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.” Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.” Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year . His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.” Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he _____.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunities页脚内容21C. was very fond of modern musicD. saw an inconvenience among mobile users87. The new headphone was originally designed for _____.A. snowboardersB. motorcyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as _____.A. a sign of self-confidenceB. a symbol of statusC. part of fashionD. a kind of deviceTEXT C“I'm a little worried about my future,” said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate. He should be so lucky. All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs Robinson. In the sixties, that was the sum total of页脚内容22post-graduation anxiety syndrome. I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.” But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru 金融大亨.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. Since Bernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not. On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up w hat you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?” My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I?d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down. But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn't think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them. My friend Michael said, “I?d started to get complacent. It?s as if the muscles of my heart started to atroph y 萎缩. Now they?re awake, alive—and I don?t want to go back.” These weren't just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone?s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj's call?页脚内容23。
【VIP专享】2013年专四答案
这是完型的原文自己找空吧Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a mode rn state . Without it, it would be impossible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our fo od supplies and our water, and who do all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor also the persons who govern the country for us. By means of taxati on, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live a nd something to eat.Though everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different i deas about how taxation should be arrange d. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be a tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should eve ryone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is u sed, should everything be taxed equally?In most countries, a direct tax on persons, called an income tax , is used. It is arr ange d in such a wa y that the poor people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer 's income grows.Countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country are taxed . Of course, it is the people who buy these im ported things who really have to pay the duties , in the form of higher prices. In s ome countries, there is also a tax on things produced in the country itself. If the m ost necessary things are taxed , a lot of money is collected,but the poor people s uffer the most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed , less mo ney is collected, but the tax is fair er because the rich pay it.Probably this kind of indirect taxation, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement .单选复制的某老师微博66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjust to school life，选C。
2013年英语专业四级真题以及答案
2013年4月20日专四真题参考答案(沪江网友回忆版)听写What is a dream forOne theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires. We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep wit h a problem and wake up with the solution. This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution.The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk. Dreams organize the events of th e day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.听力1-10：AADBC DABDD 11-20：ACADB DDBBC 21-30：DABDA DABDB完形31.D would 32.A nor 33.C look after 34.B By means of 35.D as much as36.C though 37.B how 38. A persons 39.C exists 40.B way41.D larger 42.C goes up 43.A But 44.D always 45.B who46.B form 47.C too 48.D collected 49.B like 50.B fairer语法词汇51.C his 52.__ 53.B Deadline 54.A Lucy insisted 55.C many56.B Victoria likes 57.D quarter 58.C The school pupils 59.A politics are 60.A The arrival61.B Tony hit 62.D I wish 63.A were to 64.B Careless reading 65.A remain66.C Adjusting 67.A dull 68.B I couldn't understand 69.D did up 70.A credit71. C as far as one can see 72.C point 73.D much 74.A if an accident happens 75.C deliver76. C building 77.B definite 78. D blast 79.B refrained from 80. A brightly阅读81. C it plays 82. A Speeches at world 83. C to advise people 84. D it comes from 85. B The many uses86. D saw an 87. A snowboarders 88. C he borrowed money from a mortage 89. B He promised 90. part of fashion91. B they had lost 92.Desperate 93. __ 94. A Her friends valued 95. C Understanding gained is96. D determination 97. A there were 98. A Habit is key 99. D techniques to supplement 100. A stresses the neural写作会利用促销手段（团购、优惠卷、打折）的消费者是不是聪明的消费者呢版本2——听力1-30 ABCAC ADCCC BDCAC ACADC BBBAA DAADB完形30-50 BAACD DACBD DCABD BBADB语法词汇51-80 BDCAA CABAC CAABA CBACD DCDBB DADDD阅读81-100 CACBC CACCB DACBA ADAAC作文saving or spending版本3——听力部分：1-5.ACCAD 6-10.ADBDC 11-15.BDAAC 16-20.BAADD 21-25.CBAAA 26-30.BADDA完形：31-35. CBCCA 36-40. DACBD 41-45. BCAAB 46-50. BDADA语法与词汇：51-55. BACAA 56-60. CABAA 61-65. CACBA 66-70. BDCDD 71-75. CCDDA 76-80.CADBA阅读理解：81-85. AACBC 86-90. CACDB 91-95. DACBD 96-100. ADACC。
2013年专四答案
这是完型的原文自己找空吧Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a mode rn state . Without it, it would be impossible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our f ood supplies and our water, and who do all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor also the persons who govern the country for us. By means of taxat ion, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.Though everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different i deas about how taxation should be arrange d. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be a tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should eve ryone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is u sed, should everything be taxed equally?In most countries, a direct tax on persons, called an income tax , is used. It is arr ange d in such a wa y that the poor people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer 's income grows.Countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country are taxed . Of course, it is the people who buy these im ported things who really have to pay the duties , in the form of higher prices. In s ome countries, there is also a tax on things produced in the country itself. If the m ost necessary things are taxed , a lot of money is collected,but the poor people s uffer the most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed , less mo ney is collected, but the tax is fair er because the rich pay it.Probably this kind of indirect taxation, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement .单选复制的某老师微博66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjust to school life，选C。
英语专四真题及答案解析汇总
2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--汇总2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--听写部分参考答案What is a dream forOne theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires. We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can't solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution. This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important, then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that dreams are the brain's way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--语法部分51. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny __________ br eaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its解析：本题考查动名词(de)逻辑主语.动名词可以有自己(de)逻辑（意义）主语,一般可以用名词所有格Tom's,代词宾格如him（口语）,书面语情况下一般用物主代词his,their.本题选C,但我还是要吐槽,因为根本就不需要多此一举添加his, he didn't deny breaking the agreement完全正确,比原题要精简地道许多,从写作角度来看,his根本是多余(de),当然纯粹考察语法(de)话选C.52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) _______.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complem ent.解析：此题恐怕是最受争议(de)题目了,有人认为选A,有人认为选D.根据English Grammar: A University Course一书,“The Subject Complement (主语补足语) is the obligatory constituent which follows a copular verb(系动词) and which cannot be made subject in a passive clause: 比如Who’s there It’s me/It’s I. She became a tennis champion at a very early age. Feel free to ask questions” 一般语法书也是这么说(de),有(de)书上把这种情况下接(de)名词叫做predicate noun/nominative,接(de)形容词叫做predicate adjective.该书接着说“As well as be and seem, a wide range of verbs can be used to link the subject to its Complement; these add meanings of transition (become, get, go, grow, turn) and of perception (sound, smell, look) among others,” 比如I know it sounds stupid. The situation becomes even worse. 这些一般语法书也会提到,但是题目里(de)都不是这种现象,很多语法书对主语补语(de)介绍也就到此为止.好在这本书多介绍了一点,但情况很微妙.此书又说More problematic is the constituent following other verbs that could be used intransitively with the same meaning, as in:Saint Ethelbert was born a Saxon princess. (she was born)He returned a broken man. (he returned)He died young. (he died)We shall consider such constituents as Complements on the strength of the possible paraphrase containing be (When he returned he was a broken man; When he died he was young).这部分恰好就是本题所代表(de)类型,但是从该书作者表述来看,他们也承认这样(de)句子很不一般,不太容易轻易判定是否为主语补语,在本书里,作者认为可以看作是主语补语,因为大概可以改写成含有系动词be(de)句子,但作者(de)措辞显然没有那么肯定,有待商榷(de)意思.据此,本题可以选D,是主语补足语.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misf it解析：首先要知道什么是复合词.A compound is a word that consists of more than one free morpheme.所谓morpheme词素是最小(de)音义结合体,其最大(de)特点是不能再被分割为更小(de)音义结合体.而free morpheme是指能独立存在使用(de)词素,bound morpheme则是必须依附于其他单位(de)词素,比如前缀后缀属于bound morpheme,如pre-,-ment,在单词shipment里,ship就是free morpheme,-ment则是bound.因此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个free morpheme构成（dead + line）,其他三个都有Bound morpheme比如non, ness, mis-等.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive moodA. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o'clock.B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city me tro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traf fic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.解析: subjunctive mood是指虚拟语气,四个选项里只有A(de)insist属于虚拟语气用法,其中that从句里省略了should.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plu ral and uncountable nouns EXCEPT __________.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such解析：限定词(de)用法是近几年专四(de)热门考点,诸如some,many,both,all,each等用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典.这道题看似有点难度,也许你从来不知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词,但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接名词试试就知道了,比如more money, more trees; enough money, enough trees; many money, many trees; such big trees, such behavior.所以选C.56. 解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列.A,C里(de)and表示先后；D 里(de)and表示递进；只有B里(de)and表示对比.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRASTA. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter解析：估计不少学生看到名词替代词这个术语,一开始都吓着了,因为压根没听说过,不过对做这道题目倒无大碍,所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语,避免重复(de)词,英语里one, ones,(the)same等都是常见(de).比如There are good films as well as bad ones.除此以外还有the kind, the sort,比如Slang disappears quickly, especially the juvenile sort.还有一些不定代词等比如all, both, some, any enough, several, none, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, the other, others, another, either, neither等,比如Can you get me some nails I need some. I don’t want any more food. I’ve had enough. 本题选D, quarter不是名词替代词.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT __.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.解析：这道题目有点意思,既考查时态,又考查will(de)用法,A/B/D都是将来时(de)各种表达,唯独C(de)will,看似是将来时标志,其实不然,因为和by now矛盾,这里will(de)用法是指you think something is true,表说话人自己(de)看法,比如That will be Tim coming home now; Ask anyone and they will tell you the same thing. 本题选C.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECTA. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.解析：本题考查主谓一致（agreement/concord）.ten miles看作整体单数,mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾(de),不可数名词；furniture在英语里是不可数名词；A里(de)politics并不是指政治,而是指政治学(political science),是不可数名词,但这个用法主要是英式英语.此外,politics表示政治可以看作不可数名词,也可以看作复数,比如Politics have always interested me. 本题选A.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predi cate relationshipA. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Osca r Wilde解析：章振邦(de)书拿到手后果然发现了他(de)讲解,基本就是原句.第五版(de)55页,名词属格和of-词组一节说：名词属格和of-词组在意义和用法上有许多相同之处,比如the trunk of an elephant=an elephant's trunk,表示主谓关系有the arrival of the prime minister;表示动宾关系 the occupation of the Island;表来源 the law of Newton.因此据此本题选A.但我要吐槽(de)是先不说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到,就这种主谓关系,动宾关系(de)说法我就不太同意,因为所谓词组(de)主谓关系和动宾关系是汉语语法里(de)说法,英语里说主谓自然指(de)是句子,一个名词短语何来主谓之说61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an apposi tiveA. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.解析：又是同位语四个选项(de)用法在大部分语法书里并没有做进一步区分,都成为不定式(de)定语用法,修饰名词.不过章振邦(de)书里又出现了这个,又是原句作为选项出现,章指出不定式作为名词(de)后置修饰语时,不定式和名词之间(de)搭配关系是主谓A中(de)the man draw back,也可以是C和D(de)动宾to fear nothing, to support family；有时候也是同为关系,比如urge(冲动)(de)内容就是指to tell a lie撒谎,故为同位语.我不得不吐槽,章很喜欢分析任何语法单位(de)结构,他在教师用书(de)第一部分也说本书语法体系是要贯彻层次分析法.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentenceA. Let me drive you home, shall IB. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.解析：花了点时间翻遍手头各类语法和用法图书,除了直接用动词打头,Do/Don't,You/其他唤名+动词, let类型外,均没有见到D(de)wish类型.说明：似乎只有章振邦(de)书上在情态动词will一节提到B(de)属于加强祈使句.我个人对此表示质疑.更常见(de)应该是You mind your own business.如果说You will mind your own business是祈使句,那么You will see him now岂不是也是祈使句这显然说不通.其实You will mind your own business要有祈使句功能,还跟语气语调有很大关系,应该念成You WILL mind your own business 而不是YOU will mind your own business. 出题人不严谨,死扣语法书,可见一斑.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rai ned解析：最经典(de)If条件虚拟句,说(de)是将来,应该选A.64. Which of the following sentences expresses a factA. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It’s getting late, and I m ust leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.解析：目前来看又要有争议.很多人认为是B,而我之前说C,尽管C里(de) must是表示主观必须（C只有前半句是fact,后半句谈不上什么事实）.问题在于如何理解B(de)must.在English Grammar: A University Cour se一书里有一节谈到must(de)logical necessity用法问题,作者说在英式英语里有用must表示逻辑上(de)必定如此,尽管美国人更喜欢用have to.比如 If Jane is Pat's sister and Jill is Jane's daughter, Pa t must be Jill's aunt.此时Pat must be Jill's aunt就相当于不用情态动词(de)陈述句Pat is Jill's aunt.如此极端(de)例子才能说明这是逻辑上(de)必然,但我实在看不出选项B里一个没有语境(de)句子是如何有逻辑上(de)必然,我个人觉得Careless reading must give poor re sults.和Careless reading gives poor results.还是不一样(de).B句是章振邦那本书里(de)原句,章自己也说“用must表示必然,也是一种推测或推断,其口气最为肯定,一般用于肯定陈述句”由此来看,再如何肯定那也是一种推断,不是fact.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______ ____.A. remainB. turnC. writeD. knock解析：看到专四考这个题目,我只能呵呵.动态动词是指能够延续持续动作(de),比如hit,run等,相反(de)则是Stative Verb静态动词,比如know.现在进行时是常见检验手段.你不能说I am knowing the answer,只能说I know the answer,因此know是静态动词.同理,题目(de)A选项remain 也是静态动词,其他都是动态动词.2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--词汇部分66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting解析：这题没啥好说(de),适应学校生活 adjust to school life,选C. 67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard解析： dreary指dull,选A.但有词典指出boring也是近义词,外教也表示AB均可.所以B也是对(de),我估计出题人是选A.68. At last night’s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn’t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn’t tolerate解析：be beyond somebody指to be too difficult for someone to understand.故选B.69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up解析：选D.do up这里指to repair an old building or car, or to improve its appearance.此外do up还可以指fasten something,比如Do your laces up before you trip over.70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award解析：选A.这里(de)credit指approval or praise that you give to someone for something they have done.常见搭配有give credit; take/claim/deserve credit.71. The child nodded, appar ently content with his mother’s promise. The underlined part means __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told解析：首先ABCD(de)释义都是指apparently(de)意思,具体语境有具体不同(de)释义,在我们这个句子里,指according to the way someone looks or a situation appears, although you cannot be sure. 因此选C.换一个句子比如I wasn’t there, but apparently the thief got away.这里(de)apparently就指A或D.72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence解析：选B.这里(de)argument指a set of reasons that show something is true or untrue, right or wrong.相当于汉语说(de)主张论点.很多人选C,point(de)确有这个意思,也可以接同位语从句,搭配上习惯是说take the/sb’s point.不过,我询问过外教,他是觉得argument更好,只是point也没什么不对.73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much解析：infinite是finite(de)反义词,这里指very great/huge in amount or degree,因此选D.74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can bepreventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident解析：选A.in the event of something is used to tell people what they should do if something happens.75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help解析：midwife是指产婆,接生员.所以选C,deliver可以指接生(孩子),或者生孩子.76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string解析：选C.以复数形式出现(de)premises指the buildings and land thata shop, restaurant, company etc uses.77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding解析：选A.首先appeal是指上诉.Conclusive指showing something is definitely true,比如conclusive proof/evidence/findings.旁证是circumstantial evidence.78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast 解析：个人认为选D.又见量化问题,一阵/股冷风袭来该如何用英语说.首先句子里动词用了sweep,指to move suddenly and/or with force over an area or in a particular direction.而blast指a sudden strong movement of air.但问题在于C.词典里rush其实可以指a sudden fast movement of air, 外教(de)回答是blast is better here and is what native speakers would prefer. 而Flow往往接(de)是水流电流等,而且指a smooth and steady movement.79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually __________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted解析：refrain from sth/doing sth指to not do something you want to do,主要用于书面语.80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightly解析：先聊聊gaily这个单词(de)来源吧.这个单词虽然是ly结尾却是形容词,是有gay + ly 变来(de).而gay在很早(de)时候是指人happy, merry, cheerful,或者颜色bright, attractive,这个用法现代英语已经抛弃,请大家不要乱用.所谓gaily painted/colored/decorated指having bright cheerful colors.所以选A.2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--完形填空原文（真题暂缺,加粗部分为原空）Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us；nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves；nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. By means of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about how taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equallyIn most countries, a direct tax on persons, which is calledincome tax, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer’s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninety-five percentBut countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or "duties". Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties, in the form of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is fairer, as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--写作部分SECTION A CO M POSITIONMost of us, as students, are careful with our money in daily life: we collect all kinds of coupons(优惠券); we look for group-buy deals if we eat out or travel; we don't buy clothes unless in a sale. However, some people think that all this may not make us smartconsumers. What is your opinionWrite on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words.You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your view is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons or your experience(s) to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.You should supply an appropriate tittle for your composition.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITINGWrite on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50—60 words based on the following situation:Your former high-school classmate (Mathew or Grace) is coming to visit you in the dorm. But, you have got something urgent to do and thus cannot wait for him/her there. Leave a note on the door, expressing your apology and telling him/her how to find you. You must make clear where you are in the note.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.参考范文SECTION AThe advantages of being careful with money in daily life Nowadays, there is a hot debate on whether people, including students should be careful with their money in their daily life since they try their best to save money. Some people think it is not good to do so because this may not make people smart consumers. But in my eyes, the advantages of being careful with money in daily life outweigh the disadvantages.First, being careful with money is a virtue that can always benefit people. Being thrifty is of great help, especially when the economic status around the world is not very good and it becomes harder to earn money than before. A good habit of being careful with money will help many people go through this difficult period or any other difficult financial situation in their life. People with this awareness will think carefully before deciding to buy anything. For students, this awareness is also of great help since they mainly depend on their parents for financial supports. When they keep this awareness in their mind, they will definitely avoid wasting money.Secondly, being careful with money is, in fact, a good way of practicing how to manage one's money. In current society, it is necessary to learn something about finance. But theories are usuallyhard to learn. In contrast, most people can learn quickly by practicing. Being careful with money means an efficient use of money, which, in essence, equals to part of the job of a financial planner. Being careful with money can teach people to make best use of their money.It is true that being too careful with money may have some disadvantages; for example, it may cause people to ignore other aspects of commodities. But overall this behavior is good and has its reality basis. Money-consciousness is always needed in the market-oriented economy.SECTION BApril 20,2013 Dear Mathew,I'm writing to show my apology for being unable to wait for you in my dorm. I'm really sorry but I have something urgent to do. You can come to Room 1003, No. 3 Teaching Building to find me. The map on the back of the note will help you. I'll wait for you there.Yours,Tom。
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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation,you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.1.According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruits.C. sauce.D. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. roast turkey.B. sweet potatoes.C. meat.D. carrots.3.Why did Helen come to Rob‟s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4.Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5.We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6.According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7.What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8.According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9.The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairsEXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10.We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.11.According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12.In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13.In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14.According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15.The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The mainreason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16.According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17.What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18.People in Latin America wear something __________ to express their hopes for wealth inthe New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19.Which of the following New Year‟s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21.What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22.With digital textbooks, schools have saved about __________ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23.Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25.According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problemsEXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26.Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE[15 MIN]31. A. canB. mayC. couldD. would 32. A. norB. neitherC. neverD. not 33. A. look intoB. look overC. look afterD. look through 34. A. In accordance withB. By means ofC. With reference toD. On account of35. A. as well asB. as good asC. as such asDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: withoutit, it (31) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) ______ the workers in government offices who (33) ______ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ______ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged. 38. A. personsB. sectorsC. communitiesD. classes39. A. remainsB. staysC. existsD. happens40. A. formB. wayC. measureD. method41. A. quickerB. speedierC. moreD. larger42. A. grows upB. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43. A. ButB. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. And44. A. periodicallyB. almostC. oftenD. always45. A. whichB. whoIn most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______, which is called income tax, (39) ______. It is arranged in such (40) ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ______ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) ______ as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) ______ countries with taxation nearly (44) ______ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course,it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) ______, there is a tax onthings sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lotof money is (48) ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessarythings (49) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtainedbut the tax is (50) ______, as the rich pay it.PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n)__________.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o‟clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nounsEXCEPTA. more.B. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getti ng late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlinedpart means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Lar ry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlinedpart means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn‟t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn‟t tolerate69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ forherself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently co ntent with his mother‟s promise. The underlined partmeans __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. Theunderlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually __________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted.Theunderlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic（流行病）was announc ed, the idea of “swine flu”（猪流感）scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on“great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift（索道）, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I th ink, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a mortgage（抵押贷款）on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn‟t sell, but we were de aling with huge numbers. It‟d kill us to take back all the products.”Alden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren‟t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you‟re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones asA. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.“Sit down,” she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I‟ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year‟s Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I w asn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I‟d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn‟t satisfy me, because I wasn‟t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention.Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn‟t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, “I‟d started to get complacent. It‟s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”These weren‟t just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone‟s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.。