动词填空的经典答题方法
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动词填空的经典答题方法
一、锁定时间状语法
每一种动词的时态都有其固定的时间状语。根据时间状语一般能判断出动词的时态。如:一般现在时常与usually, often, sometimes, always, every day等表示现在的时间状语连用;一般过去时常与yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, just now, a week ago, once, long before, the other day等表示过去的时间状语连用;一般将来时常与tomorrow, next week, this month, in a week, soon, the day after tomorrow等表示将来的时间状语连用,等等。
二、锁定句子意境法
对于没有时间状语的句子,要根据句子所表示的意境来确定时态。或者根据前后句或主从句的语境来确定动词的时态。如:look, listen等动词做状语使用时,句子要用现在进展时;在宾语从句中,主句为一般过去时,从句也要用某种过去时态;在条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时,主句就要用一般将来时等。
三、锁定主谓关系法
这种方法主要判断一个句子是不是被动语态。当主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时,就是被动语态。否那么,就不是被动语态。
四、锁定宾语补足语法
这种方法主要用于确定是不是非谓语动词。动词不定式,动词的-ing形式通常在句子中做宾语或宾语补足语。如:及物动词want, try, hope, decide等后面常用动词不定式做宾语;及物动词keep, go, finish, enjoy等后面常接动词的-ing 形式做宾语;动词stop, remember, forget等之后接动词不定式和动词的-ing 形式表示的意思不一样;动词let, see, hear, make, feel等使役动词或感官动词后所接的动词不定式不带to,如果变成被动语态那么要带to。
【典型例题1】
〔市〕—What a nice bike! How long________you________it?
—Just two weeks.
A. will, buy
B. did, buy
C. are, having
D. have, had
错解现象及原因:此题考察现在完成时的用法及瞬间动词和延续动词的用法。产生错误的原因有二:一是考生没有注意下文的时间提示,误选A、B;二是考生没有注意句中含有一个表示“一段时间〞的短语,瞬间动词和延续动词用法的区别,误选B。
解析:解此题要注意两个关键点,一是根据上下文的提示,问持续到现在的状况,时态
用现在完成时;二是how long 和下文的just two weeks的“一段时间〞限定了动词要用
延续动词,所以答案只能选D。
巩固练习1
1.〔省〕David________Shanghai for more than three months.
A. came to
B. has been to
C. has been in
D. has come to
2.〔市〕—What are you going to do this weekend?
—I________yet.
A. haven't decided
B. won't decide
C. have decided
D. didn't decide
3.〔省〕—May I go to play tennis with you, Dad?
—________you________your composition yet?
A. Are; finishing
B. Did; finish
C. Will; finish
D. Have; finished
4.〔省〕The World Without Thieves is a very moving film. I________it twice already.
A. will see
B. see
C. saw
D. have seen
5.〔省〕—Anna, could you lend me this book, please?
—I'm sorry, but I________it for only two days. I haven't finish it yet.
A. have bought
B. have had
C. bought
D. had
6.〔省〕—How long have you________?
—Since 1900.
A. bought the MP3
B. joined the army
C. became a midfield player
D. lived in the town
7.〔省〕—How is your father? I________him for a long time.
—He is fine, but busy.
A. don't see
B. hadn't see
C. didn't see
D. haven't seen
8.〔XX省〕Miss Chen is our new English teacher. She________our school for only half a year.
A.has come to
B.had come to
C.has been in
D.had been in
9.〔省〕I________this book for two weeks. I have to return it now.
A. borrowed
B. have borrowed
C. kept
D. have kept
10.〔省〕The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer________for half an hour.
A. has left
B. has gone