考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(十三)
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? SinceOPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil hasjumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last D ...Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? SinceOPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil hasjumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December.This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they alsoalmost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digitinflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlineswarning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraqsuspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the sametime as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the pricehigher still in the short term。
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences nowto be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost ofcrude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrolthan it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price ofcrude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past。
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, andso less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, ashift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy,energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or carproduction. For each dollar of GDP (inconstant prices) rich economiesnow use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in itslatest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel fora full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oilimport bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is lessthan one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the otherhand, oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry hasshifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be moreseriously squeezed。
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices isthat, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against thebackground of general commodity-price inflation and global excessdemand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging fromeconomic decline. The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%and in 1979 by almost 30%。
31. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is[A]global inflation. [B]reduction in supply。
[C]fast growth in economy. [D]Iraq's suspension of exports。
32. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price ofpetrol will go up dramatically if[A]price of crude rises. [B]commodity prices rise。
[C]consumption rises. [D]oil taxes rise。
33. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries[A]heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive。
[B]income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices。
[C]manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed。
[D]oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP。
34. We can draw a conclusion from the text that[A]oil-price shocks are less shocking now。
[B]inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks。
[C]energy conservation can keep down the oil prices。
[D]the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry。
35. From the text we can see that the writer seems[A]optimistic. [B]sensitive. [C]gloomy. [D]scared。
名师解析31. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is 最近的油价上涨的主要原因是 [A]global inflation. 全球通货膨胀。
[B]reduction in supply。
供应量减少。
[C]fast growth in economy. 快速的经济增长。
[D]Iraq's suspension of exports. 伊拉克暂时停止石油出口。
【答案】 B【考点】事实细节题。
【分析】根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December。
”说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量使得油价上升。
所以本题的答案是[B]。
[D]不是该现象的主要原因因为“OPEC”的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格的走势的主要原因。
32. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price ofpetrol will go up dramatically if从文中可以推断出如果________汽油的零售价格将会剧烈上升。
[A]price of crude rises. 原油价格上升。
[B]commodity prices rise. 日用品价格上升。
[C]consumption rises. 消费上升。
[D]oil taxes rise. 油税上升。
【答案】 D【考点】推断题。
【分析】根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(十一)2009-11-07海天教育Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close。
As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone。
考研英语阅读理解部分历年真题详解2024版
考研英语阅读理解部分历年真题详解2024版一、Introduction英语阅读理解部分是考研英语中的重中之重，对于考生来说，掌握历年真题的解析十分重要。
本文为大家带来2024版考研英语阅读理解部分历年真题详解，希望能够帮助考生更好地备考和应对考试。
二、真题解析以下是2024版考研英语阅读理解部分的历年真题详解：真题一：Passage 1【题目】What was the main concern of leading figures like Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Rush in advocating public education?【选项】A) Enabling government officials to carry out their duties more effectively.B) Ensuring an adequate supply of lawyers for the new nation.C) Preparing young people for participation in democracy.D) Overcoming resistance from religious groups.【解析】选项A)使政府官员更有效地履行职责。
选项B)确保新国家有足够的律师。
选项C)为年轻人参与民主做准备。
选项D)克服宗教团体的抵制。
通过阅读文章，我们可以得知，托马斯·杰斐逊和本杰明·拉什等领导人在支持公共教育方面的主要关注点是使年轻人为参与民主做好准备。
因此，正确答案为选项C。
真题二：Passage 2【题目】What does the author suggest about the Great Depression?【选项】A）It led to a decrease in private donations to charities.B）It revealed the flaws in existing social welfare programs.C）It resulted in government provision of welfare services.D）It caused a shift in the responsibility for welfare services from the federal government to state governments.【解析】选项A)导致私人慈善捐款减少。
考研英语2024阅读理解历年真题分析
考研英语2024阅读理解历年真题分析近年来，考研英语的阅读理解部分一直是考生备战的重点和难点。
为了帮助考生更好地应对考试，本文将对2024年历年真题进行分析，希望能在备考过程中给予一定的指导和启发。
题目一：Passage 1One of the odd things about America is that even its most illustrious persons, artists, scientists, etc., become popular heroes as the result of their work. Europe does not have that tradition concerning intellectuals. The average American thinks that to be an intellectual he must understand nothing, and then write a book about it. Here a philosopher gets as much advertising as a politician gets in Europe, and the adulation（盛赞）he receives is well deserved.46. According to the passage, Europe differs from America in that_______.A) it has more intellectualsB) it has no tradition concerning intellectuals becoming popular heroesC) it understands well how intellectuals contribute to societyD) it has a higher regard for politicians根据文章内容，美国有一个特殊的传统，即知识分子在通过他们的工作成为知名人物后，会成为社会的英雄。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析Being a man hasalways been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females,but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal ofmale mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girlsdo. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys inthose crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, anotherchance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of ababy surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram toolight or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost nodifference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent ofevolution has gone。
There is another way to commit evolutionary : stay alive,but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except insome religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays thenumber of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us haveroughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and theopportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the greatcities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity oftoday―everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring meansthat natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class Indiacompared to the tribes。
历年考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析汇总共10套
历年考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(1-10)汇总A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July。
考研英语试题精解及答案
考研英语试题精解及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪个选项是正确的？A. 作者支持全球化。
B. 作者认为全球化对环境有害。
C. 作者认为全球化对经济有益。
D. 作者反对全球化。
答案：C2. 文章中提到的“可持续发展”是指什么？A. 经济增长不牺牲环境。
B. 经济增长以牺牲环境为代价。
C. 只关注经济增长，不考虑其他因素。
D. 只关注环境保护，不考虑经济增长。
答案：A3. 根据文章，以下哪个选项是错误的？A. 发展中国家需要全球化来促进经济增长。
B. 发达国家在全球化中扮演着重要角色。
C. 作者认为全球化是不可逆的趋势。
D. 作者认为全球化是有害的。
答案：D4. 文章中提到的“绿色经济”是什么意思？A. 一种以牺牲环境为代价的经济模式。
B. 一种注重环境保护的经济模式。
C. 一种只关注经济发展的经济模式。
D. 一种不关心经济和环境的经济模式。
答案：B5. 文章中提到的“碳足迹”是指什么？A. 个人或组织对环境的污染程度。
B. 个人或组织对经济的贡献。
C. 个人或组织的社会影响力。
D. 个人或组织的政治影响力。
答案：A二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In recent years, the concept of a "smart city" has become increasingly popular. A smart city is one that uses technology to improve the quality of life for its residents. For example, a smart city might use sensors to monitortraffic flow and __6__ congestion.6. A. reduceB. increaseC. avoidD. ignore答案：A7. These sensors can also be used to monitor air quality and__7__ any potential health hazards.7. A. identifyB. createC. ignoreD. exaggerate答案：A8. In addition to improving transportation and environmental conditions, smart cities can also __8__ energy use.8. A. increaseB. decreaseC. stabilizeD. fluctuate答案：B9. By using smart grids and energy-efficient buildings, a smart city can __9__ a significant amount of energy.9. A. consumeB. conserveC. wasteD. transfer答案：B10. The ultimate goal of a smart city is to create a more__10__ and sustainable living environment for its citizens.10. A. comfortableB. expensiveC. inconvenientD. unsustainable答案：A三、翻译（共20分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
2023年考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--Part OneIn spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of consumption “launched by t he 19th –century department stores that offered ‘vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite.” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping int o a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National I mmigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation------language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fif teen most common countries of origin spoke English “well” or “very well” after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrantstend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of im migrant families.” Hence the description of America as a graveyard” for language. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S-born whites and blacks.” By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.1. The word “homogenizing” （Line 2, Paragraph 1）most probably means___A. identifyingB. associatingC. assimilatingD. monopolizing2. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century___A. played a role in the spread of popular culture.B. became intimate shops for common consumers.C. satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite.D. owed its emergence to the culture of consumption.3. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S.___A. are resistant to homogenization.B. exert a great influence on American culture.C. are hardly a threat to the common culture.D.constitute the majority of the population.4. Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?A. To prove their popularity around the world.B. To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.C. To give examples of successful immigrants.D. To show the powerful influence of American culture.5. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society isA. rewardingB. SuccessfulC. fruitlessD. harmfulUnit 13（）Part 1重点词汇：1. uniformity n. 同样，一致；统一性；（有关词）uniform a.相似旳，统一原则旳；be uniform with与……同一形式或外貌2. casualness n. 偶尔，意外；草率行事；漫不经心；平心静气3. array ① n. 排列；一批，大量；显眼旳一系列② vt. 排列，制定（计划等）：array oneself 装扮，打扮自己、搭配vast arrays of 大批旳，大量旳4. knowledgeable a. 有知识旳，学识渊博旳，有见识旳5. amaze v. 使（某人）惊异或惊奇6. intimate a. 亲密旳，亲密旳7. cater v. = provide food and service 提供饮食及服务; 搭配cater for（或to）提供饮食及服务，迎合（某人）8. elite n. 精英，尖子9. elevate vt. 提高，抬起，振作精神；使（人）欢欣鼓舞；提高（思想、道德品质、文化素质等）。
考研英语试题及答案解析
考研英语试题及答案解析一、阅读理解（共20分）1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for the decline in the number of bees?A. The use of pesticides.B. The loss of habitat.C. The spread of disease.D. The increase in urbanization.答案：D解析：文章中提到了农药的使用、栖息地的丧失和疾病的传播是导致蜜蜂数量下降的原因，但并未提及城市化增加是导致蜜蜂数量下降的原因。
2. What is the main purpose of the article?A. To discuss the importance of bees in the ecosystem.B. To argue for the protection of bees.C. To describe the life cycle of bees.D. To explain the economic impact of bees.答案：B解析：文章主要讨论了蜜蜂数量下降的原因，并强调了保护蜜蜂的重要性，因此选项B是正确的。
3. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem of declining bee populations?A. Stricter regulations on pesticide use.B. The creation of more bee-friendly habitats.C. Increased public awareness of the issue.D. All of the above.答案：D解析：文章中提到了多种解决方案，包括更严格的农药使用规定、创造更多蜜蜂友好的栖息地和提高公众对这一问题的认识，因此选项D是正确的。
考研英语试题及答案详解
考研英语试题及答案详解一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项陈述是正确的？A. 城市化进程中，环境问题日益严重。
B. 城市化进程中，人们生活质量得到显著提升。
C. 城市化进程中，人口密度没有显著变化。
D. 城市化进程中，经济发展速度放缓。
答案：A解析：文章中提到城市化进程中伴随而来的环境问题，如空气污染和水资源短缺，因此选项A正确。
选项B、C和D在文章中没有提及，故排除。
2. 作者对于城市化的看法是什么？A. 支持城市化，认为其是经济发展的必然结果。
B. 反对城市化，认为其导致了一系列社会问题。
C. 中立态度，认为城市化既有利也有弊。
D. 未明确表达对城市化的看法。
答案：C解析：文章中作者提到城市化带来了经济增长和生活便利，同时也指出了其带来的环境和社会问题，因此作者持中立态度，认为城市化既有利也有弊。
二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In recent years, the popularity of online courses has grown rapidly. The reason is that they offer flexibility and convenience that traditional classroom learning often cannot match. For example, students can access the courses at any time and from any place, which is particularly beneficial for those who have to balance their studies with work or family commitments.3. The word "flexibility" in the passage most probably means ______.A. the ability to change easilyB. the ability to bend easilyC. the ability to stretch easilyD. the ability to move easily答案：A解析：根据上下文，"flexibility"在这里指的是在线课程提供的时间上的灵活性，即学生可以根据自己的时间安排来学习，因此选项A"the ability to change easily"是最佳选项。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（三）
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（三）考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(三)When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be―even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right―it can hardly be classed as Literature。
This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will。