科普 暗物质支配宇宙 英语短文
TED：带你了解宇宙暗物质
TED：带你了解宇宙暗物质TED英语演讲课给心灵放个假吧今天的TED演讲带大家了解宇宙暗物质。
The ancient Greeks had a great idea:古代希腊人有一个伟大的想法：The universe is simple.宇宙是简单的。
In their minds,在他们心中，all you needed to make it were four elements: 要建构宇宙只须要四种元素：earth,土、air,空气、fire,火、and water.还有水。
As theories go, it’s a beautiful one.就像它的理论一样，这是美丽的。
It has simplicity and elegance.既简单、又优雅。
It says that by combining理论中认為the four basic elements in different ways,藉由四种元素的不同组合，you could produce all the wonderful diversity of the universe. 可以產生宇宙万物。
Earth and fire, for example,比如说土加火，give you things that are dry.就会有一些乾的东西。
Air and water, things that are wet.而空气加水，就会得到湿的东西。
But as theories go, it had a problem.但依照这理论，会有一个问题。
It didn’t predict anything that could be measured,它没办法预测出任何可以测量的事物，and measurement is the basis of experimental science.而测量又是实验科学的基础。
Worse still, the theory was wrong.更糟的是，这理论是错的。
宇宙的奥秘作文英文
宇宙的奥秘作文英文英文：The mysteries of the universe have always fascinated me. As a human being, it is natural for me to wonder about the vastness of space and the secrets it holds. Throughout history, scientists and philosophers have tried to unravel the mysteries of the universe, but there is still so muchwe don't know.One of the biggest mysteries of the universe is dark matter. Scientists have observed that the gravitationalpull of visible matter in the universe is not strong enough to hold galaxies together. This led them to hypothesize the existence of dark matter, a type of matter that does not interact with light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation. Although we can't see dark matter directly, we can observe its effects on visible matter.Another mystery of the universe is the nature of blackholes. These are regions in space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. Black holes are formed when massive stars collapse in on themselves, but scientists still don't fully understand what happens inside a black hole. Some theories suggestthat black holes could be portals to other dimensions or even other universes.Despite our limited knowledge, human beings have made incredible discoveries about the universe. For example, the discovery of exoplanets, planets that orbit stars outside of our solar system, has opened up new possibilities for the search for extraterrestrial life. The study of cosmic microwave background radiation has given us insights into the early universe and the Big Bang.In conclusion, the mysteries of the universe are vast and complex. As humans, it is natural for us to be curious about the unknown. While we may never fully understand the secrets of the universe, our quest for knowledge will continue to push the boundaries of what we know.中文：宇宙的奥秘一直吸引着我。
关于宇宙知识的英语作文
关于宇宙知识的英语作文英文回答：The Vastness and Complexity of the Universe.The universe is an unfathomably vast and complex entity. Its origins, composition, and ultimate fate have captivated the minds of scientists, philosophers, and theologians for millennia. Here are a few key aspects of the universe that continue to ignite our curiosity and inspire awe:Origin and Evolution: The prevailing cosmological theory, known as the Big Bang theory, suggests that the universe originated from an incredibly hot and dense singularity about 13.8 billion years ago. In the aftermathof this cosmic event, the universe expanded rapidly,cooling and allowing the formation of subatomic particles, atoms, and eventually stars and galaxies.Composition: The vast majority of the universe iscomposed of a mysterious substance known as dark energy, which accounts for approximately 68% of its energy density. Dark matter, another enigmatic component, comprises about 27%. The remaining 5% is made up of ordinary matter, including stars, planets, and all forms of life.Size and Scale: The observable universe, the portion of the universe that we can detect with our telescopes, has a radius of approximately 46 billion light-years. However, the actual size of the universe may be much larger, as there could be regions beyond our observational reach.Galaxies and Cosmic Structures: Galaxies are vast collections of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity. The Milky Way galaxy, our home, is a barred spiral galaxy containing billions of stars. Galaxies often cluster together to form larger structures called galaxy clusters and superclusters, which create a cosmic web throughout the universe.Stars and Solar Systems: Stars are luminous celestial bodies that generate energy through nuclear fusion in theircores. They come in a wide range of sizes, temperatures, and masses. Our solar system is a small part of the Milky Way galaxy and consists of the Sun, planets, moons, and other celestial bodies.Cosmic Radiation and Black Holes: Cosmic radiation, including gamma rays, X-rays, and ultraviolet light, pervades the universe. It is produced by various astrophysical processes, such as supernova explosions and black holes. Black holes are regions of spacetime with such intense gravitational pull that nothing, not even light, can escape them.Dark Energy and Cosmic Acceleration: Dark energy is a hypothetical form of energy that permeates the universe and is responsible for the observed acceleration of the expansion of the universe. The nature of dark energy remains one of the greatest mysteries in modern cosmology.中文回答：宇宙的浩瀚与复杂性。
暗物质英语定义
暗物质英语定义Dark matter, also known as invisible matter, is a mysterious substance that makes up a significant portion of the universe. Although it cannot be directly observed, its existence is inferred from its gravitational effects on visible matter. In this article, we will explore the definition of dark matter, its properties, and its implications for our understanding of the cosmos.Dark matter is believed to account for approximately 85% of the total matter in the universe. Its presence is necessary to explain the observed rotational velocities of galaxies and the gravitational lensing effects observed in clusters of galaxies. Unlike ordinary matter, dark matter does not interact with electromagnetic radiation, making it invisible to telescopes and other instruments that rely on light detection.One of the key properties of dark matter is its non-baryonic nature. Baryonic matter, which includes protons and neutrons, makes up only a small fraction of the total matter in the universe. Dark matter, on the other hand, consists of particles that do not interact via the strong nuclear force, which binds protons and neutrons together. Instead, dark matter particles are thought to interact primarily through gravity and weak nuclear forces.The exact nature of dark matter remains unknown, but several theoretical candidates have been proposed. One possibility is that dark matter consists of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). These hypothetical particles would have masses larger than those of ordinary matter particles and would interact only weakly with other particles. Another candidate is the axion, a hypothetical particle that could explain the absence of certain symmetry violations in the strong nuclear force.The search for dark matter is a major focus of modern astrophysics and particle physics. Scientists employ a variety of experimental techniques to detect or indirectly infer the presence of dark matter. These include direct detection experiments, which aim to detect the rare interactions between dark matter particles and ordinary matter, and indirect detection experiments, which look for the products of dark matter annihilation or decay.Understanding the nature of dark matter is crucial for our understanding of the universe's evolution and structure formation. The presence of dark matter has profound implications for the Big Bang theory and the formation of galaxies and galaxy clusters. It is believed that dark matter played a crucial role in the formation of the large-scale structure of the universe, acting as a gravitational seed for the formation of galaxies and galaxy clusters.In addition to its gravitational effects, dark matter also influences the distribution of ordinary matter. The presence of dark matter affects the growth of structures in the universe, leading to the formation of cosmic web-like structures composed of filaments and voids. These structures can be observed through large-scale surveys of galaxies and the cosmic microwave background radiation.In conclusion, dark matter is a mysterious substance that constitutes a significant portion of the universe. Although invisible and non-baryonic, its presence is inferred from its gravitational effects on visible matter. The search for dark matter is an active area of research, with scientists employing various experimental techniques to shed light on its nature. Understanding dark matter is crucial for our understanding of the universe's evolution and structure formation.。
关于宇宙知识的英语作文
关于宇宙知识的英语作文英文回答：The vast expanse of the cosmos has captivated the hearts and minds of humankind for millennia. From the earliest astronomers who gazed upon the night sky with awe to the modern-day scientists who probe the furthest reaches of our universe, the quest to understand our place within this immense tapestry has been an enduring pursuit.Throughout history, different cultures have developed their own unique cosmologies, reflecting their beliefs about the origin, structure, and fate of the universe. In ancient Mesopotamia, the Babylonians envisioned a three-layered universe, with the Earth as a flat disk at its center, surrounded by a dome of stars and beyond that, a watery abyss. The ancient Greeks, on the other hand, proposed a spherical Earth surrounded by a series of concentric spheres, each carrying a different planet or star.With the advent of the scientific revolution, a more empirical approach to understanding the universe emerged. Nicolaus Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model, placing the Sun, not the Earth, at the center of our solar system. This revolutionary idea was later expanded upon by Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton, who developed the laws of motion and gravity that govern the behavior of celestial bodies.In the 20th century, Albert Einstein's theory of relativity revolutionized our understanding of space and time. His theories led to a new understanding of the universe as expanding and evolving, with a finite but unbounded size. Hubble's observations of distant galaxies provided further evidence for this cosmic expansion, and the discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1965 confirmed the Big Bang theory, which posits that the universe began as an infinitesimally small singularity and has been expanding ever since.Modern cosmology continues to expand our knowledge ofthe universe at an unprecedented pace. The discovery of dark matter and dark energy has challenged traditional models of the universe's composition and fate. The advent of powerful telescopes and space probes has allowed us to peer into the furthest reaches of the cosmos, revealing galaxies billions of light-years away and providing tantalizing hints of the existence of exoplanets and potential life beyond Earth.As we continue to explore the vastness of space, we are faced with both awe and humility. The universe is a place of immense wonder, beauty, and mystery. It is a testament to the indomitable curiosity and ingenuity of humankindthat we can unravel its secrets and strive to understand our place within it.中文回答：宇宙的浩瀚无垠自古以来就吸引着人类的心灵。
介绍宇宙的英语作文50字
介绍宇宙的英语作文50字The universe is a vast and mysterious place, full of wonders that we have yet to fully understand. It is home to countless galaxies, each containing billions of stars and planets, and is constantly expanding at an incredible rate.One of the most fascinating aspects of the universe is the concept of black holes. These are incredibly dense regions of space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. They are formed when a massive star collapses in on itself, creating a singularity that warps the fabric of space and time.Another incredible phenomenon in the universe is the existence of dark matter. This mysterious substance is believed to make up around 85% of all matter in the universe, yet we cannot see or detect it directly. Its presence is inferred by observing the gravitational effects it has on visible matter.The universe is also home to a wide variety ofcelestial bodies, including planets, asteroids, comets, and moons. Each of these objects has its own unique characteristics and can provide valuable insights into the history and composition of the universe.Despite all that we have learned about the universe, there is still so much that we do not know. Scientists continue to study and explore the cosmos in an effort to unlock its many secrets and uncover the mysteries that lie beyond our reach.In conclusion, the universe is a vast and awe-inspiring place that never ceases to amaze us. From black holes and dark matter to planets and moons, there is so much to discover and explore. As we continue to study and learn about the cosmos, we can only imagine what other wonders await us in the vast expanse of space.。
关于科普宇宙的作文英语
关于科普宇宙的作文英语The Universe is a vast and mysterious place that has fascinated humans for centuries. It is filled withcountless stars, planets, galaxies, and other celestial bodies that we are only beginning to understand. In this essay, we will explore some of the key concepts in cosmology and discuss the latest discoveries in our questto unravel the mysteries of the Universe.One of the most fundamental questions in cosmology is the origin of the Universe itself. The prevailing theory is the Big Bang theory, which states that the Universe beganas a singularity – a point of infinite density and temperature – around 13.8 billion years ago. Thissingularity then underwent a rapid expansion, leading tothe formation of matter, energy, and eventually galaxiesand stars.In the early stages of the Universe, matter wasprimarily in the form of hydrogen and helium gas. Over time,gravity caused this gas to clump together and form thefirst stars and galaxies. These structures then continuedto evolve and interact with each other, leading to the diverse array of galaxies and cosmic structures that we observe today.One of the most exciting recent discoveries in cosmology is the existence of dark matter and dark energy. Dark matter is a mysterious substance that makes up about 27% of the total mass-energy content of the Universe. It does not interact with light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation, making it invisible to telescopes. Despite its elusive nature, dark matter plays a crucial role in the formation and evolution of galaxies and other cosmic structures.Dark energy, on the other hand, is a mysterious force that is causing the expansion of the Universe to accelerate. It makes up about 68% of the total mass-energy content of the Universe and is responsible for the observed phenomenon of cosmic acceleration. The nature of dark energy is still not well understood, and it remains one of the biggestmysteries in cosmology.In addition to dark matter and dark energy,cosmologists are also studying the cosmic microwave background radiation – the faint afterglow of the Big Bang. By studying the patterns and fluctuations in this radiation, scientists can learn more about the early history of the Universe and test the predictions of the Big Bang theory.Another key concept in cosmology is the idea of black holes – regions of spacetime where gravity is so strongthat nothing, not even light, can escape. Black holes are formed when massive stars collapse under their own gravityat the end of their lives. They can range in size from afew times the mass of the Sun to billions of times the mass of the Sun. Despite their mysterious and extreme nature, black holes play a crucial role in the evolution ofgalaxies and the Universe as a whole.In conclusion, cosmology is a fascinating and rapidly evolving field of study that seeks to understand the origins, evolution, and ultimate fate of the Universe.Through the study of phenomena such as the Big Bang, dark matter, dark energy, and black holes, scientists are gaining new insights into the nature of the cosmos and our place within it. As we continue to explore the mysteries of the Universe, we are sure to uncover even more surprising and profound truths about the nature of reality.。
宇宙英语小作文初一
宇宙英语小作文初一Title: Exploring the Universe。
The universe is a vast expanse that has intrigued humanity for centuries. From the twinkling stars to the mysterious black holes, there is so much to explore and discover. In this essay, we will delve into some of the wonders of the universe, examining celestial bodies, cosmic phenomena, and our quest to understand the cosmos.Let's begin by looking at the stars. Stars are like distant suns, burning brightly in the vastness of space. They come in various sizes, colors, and temperatures. Some stars, like our own Sun, are relatively small and stable, while others are massive and undergo violent explosions called supernovae. Stars are born from clouds of gas and dust, and they play a crucial role in the formation of galaxies.Speaking of galaxies, these are immense collections ofstars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity. The Milky Way, our home galaxy, contains billions of stars, including our own solar system. Galaxies come in different shapes and sizes, ranging from spiral galaxies like the Milky Way to elliptical and irregular galaxies. They are the building blocks of the universe, and studying them helps us understand its structure and evolution.One of the most enigmatic phenomena in the universe is black holes. These are regions of space where gravity is so intense that nothing, not even light, can escape. Black holes form when massive stars collapse under their own gravity at the end of their life cycle. They can also merge when galaxies collide, creating supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies. While black holes are invisible, scientists can detect them by observing their effects on nearby objects, such as stars and gas clouds.In addition to black holes, there are other mysterious objects in the universe, such as neutron stars, pulsars, and quasars. Neutron stars are incredibly dense remnants of supernova explosions, while pulsars are rapidly spinningneutron stars that emit beams of radiation. Quasars, on the other hand, are supermassive black holes surrounded by swirling disks of gas and dust. These objects challenge our understanding of physics and push the boundaries of our knowledge.As we gaze up at the night sky, we are filled with wonder and curiosity about the universe. Humanity has always been driven to explore the unknown, and space exploration is no exception. Over the years, we have sent probes, satellites, and rovers to explore our solar system and beyond. We have landed on the Moon, sent spacecraft to Mars, and launched telescopes into orbit to study distant galaxies.Space exploration not only satisfies our curiosity but also has practical applications. It has led to advancements in technology, medicine, and environmental science. Satellites help us navigate, communicate, and monitor the Earth's climate. Space missions provide insights into the origins of the universe and the potential for life on other planets. By studying the cosmos, we gain a betterunderstanding of our place in the universe and thefragility of our own planet.In conclusion, the universe is a vast and wondrous place, filled with mysteries waiting to be uncovered. From the stars in the night sky to the depths of black holes, there is always something new to discover and learn. Through exploration and scientific inquiry, we can unlock the secrets of the cosmos and expand our understanding of the universe and our place within it.。
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科普：
暗物质支配宇宙（英语短文＋翻译）
2009年11月3日星期二
Dark Forces Dominate(支配) Universe
暗物质支配宇宙
The Earth，moon，sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than one percent of the universe 月亮，太阳和天空上所有的可见星占宇宙的比例不到1％.Almost all the rest is dark matter and dark energ own forces that puzzle astronomers．其余的都是另天文学家迷惑的暗物质,暗能量和未知的力量. Observations in recent years have changed the basic understanding of how the universe
evolved（发展进化）and have emphasized（强调）for astronomers how little is known about the majo s and
substances that shaped our world．最近几年的观察资料已经改变了宇宙如何进化发展发展的基本观点,而且强学家对世界的主要力量和物质发展所知甚少.
Astronomers now know that luminous（发光的明亮的）matter-stars．planets and hot gas accounts for out 0.4 percent of the universe．Non luminous components such as black holes and intergalactic gas，up 3.6 percent．The rest is either dark matter, about 23 percent，or dark energy, about 73 percent．天现在知道发光的恒心和热气仅仅占宇宙的0.4％.不发光的黑洞和银河间的气体占宇宙了3.6％.其余的就是暗物质3％,暗能量占73％.
Dark matter, sometimes called “cold dark matter,” has been known for some time. Only recently have chers come to understand the pivotal（关键）role it played in the formation of stars．planets and eve le．“We owe our very existence to dark matter,” said physicist Paul Steinhardt and a co-author of a re n dark matter which appeared not long ago in the journal Science．暗物质也就"冷暗的物质",它被人们知有一些时间了.仅仅是最近才有研究人员理解了暗物质在星体中所起的关键作用.我们的生活多亏了暗物质的存在学家Paul Steinhardt 和他的合作者在不久前出版的科学杂志上说.
Steinhardt said it is believed that following the Big Bang（宇宙大爆炸），the theoretical beginning of th erse，dark matter caused particles（粒子）to clump together．That set up the gravitation（地心吸力，力）processes that led to the formation of stars and galaxies（星系）．Those stars，in turn，created t c chemicals，such as carbon and iron．that were fundamental to the evolution（进化）of life．Steinh 宇宙被认为是在一次宇宙大爆炸中产生的,在宇宙理论的诞生之处,暗物质时粒子结合在一起.它们在万有引力的作形成星星和星系.这些星系又创造了基本的化学物质.象炭和铁.这些是生命进化的基础.
“Dark matter dominated the formation of structure in the early universe．”Steinhardt said．“For the first llion years dark matter contained most of the mass of the universe．You can think of ordinary matter oth of an Ocean of dark matter．The dark matter clumps and the ordinary matter falls into it．That le e formation of the stars and galaxies．”Without dark matter,“there would be virtually no structures in th erse．”暗物质支配着早期宇宙的结构和形式,Steinhardt说.在最初的几十亿年里,暗物质在宇宙中比例很大.你可以通的物质就象是在暗物质的海洋里的气泡.暗物质和普通物质容在一起.这是银河和星系的基础.没有暗物质就没有
的结构.
The nature of dark matter is unknown．It cannot be seen or detected directly．Astronomers know it is because of its effect on celestial objects than can be seen and measured．自然界的暗物质是不可知的.它看到或直接探测.天文学家知道它们在那儿是因为它们对天上的物体有影响,因此可以被看到和测量.
But the most dominating force Of all in the universe is called dark energy．a recently proven power th onomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a faster and faster speed．One sc said it is clear now that dark matter and dark energy engaged in a gravitational tug of war that，even dark energy won．大多数的支配宇宙的力量都称为暗能量.物理学家说宇宙中的星系现在以越来越快的速度分物理学家说很显然暗物质和暗能量参加了一场引力的战斗,最终,暗物质获胜.
注:翻译的比较粗糙,有的地方可能有错误后不清楚的地方,请大家指正啊!。