光电编码器外文翻译
专业词汇(光电信息)
public file 公共文件public key system 公用密钥制public key 公共密钥public library 公用库public line 公用线路public network 公用网public resource 公共资源public volume 公用卷pull down menu 下拉式菜单pulse amplitude 脉冲幅度pulse bandwidth 脉冲带宽pulse burst 脉冲段pulse carrier 脉冲载波pulse code modulation 脉冲编码灯pulse code 脉冲编码pulse coder 脉冲编码器pulse coding 脉冲编码pulse control 脉冲控制pulse counter 脉冲计数器pulse decay time 脉冲衰减时间pulse delay 脉冲延迟pulse distortion 脉冲畸变pulse duration modulation 脉冲持续时间灯pulse duration transmission system 脉冲宽度传送制pulse duration 脉冲宽度pulse fall time 脉冲衰减时间pulse frequency modulation 脉冲频率灯pulse frequency 脉冲频率pulse generator 脉冲振荡器pulse height discriminator 脉冲幅度鉴别器pulse interval modulation 脉冲间掉制pulse length modulation 脉冲持续时间灯pulse length 脉冲宽度pulse modulation 脉冲灯pulse output 脉冲输出pulse phase modulation 脉冲相位灯pulse position modulation 脉冲位置灯pulse rate 脉冲频率pulse regeneration 脉冲再生pulse repeater 脉冲转发器脉冲重发器dope 添加剂doped zener transistor logic 齐纳二极管晶体管逻辑dormant task 静止任务dos 盘操椎统dot addressable graphics 点式寻址图形dot chart 点阵图dot cycle 打点周期dot mark 点标志dot matrix character generator 点阵字符发生器dot matrix digit 点阵数字dot matrix display 点阵显示dot matrix printer 点阵打印机dot matrix 点阵dot pattern 点模式dot printer 点式打印机dot printing 点打印dot 点dotted pair 点对double address instruction 双地址指令double calculation 复算double current cable code 双廉线电码double density disk 双倍密度磁盘double density recording 双倍密度记录double error correction 双错校正double face floppy disk 双面软盘double input gate 双输入门double length number 双倍长数double length operation 倍长运算double length word 倍长字double level grammar 双层文法double linked list 双链表double modulation 双重灯double precision arithmetic 倍精度运算double precision computation 双精度计算double precision number 双精度数double precision 倍精度double punch 双穿孔double rail logic 双线逻辑double register addressing 双寄存瓢址double side floppy disk 双面软盘pulse repetition frequency 脉冲重复频率pulse rise time 脉冲上升时间pulse shaping 脉冲整形pulse signal 脉冲信号pulse string 脉冲串pulse time modulation 脉冲时间灯pulse train 脉冲串pulse transfer function 脉冲传递函数pulse triggering 脉冲触发pulse width discriminator 脉冲宽度鉴别器pulse width modulation 脉冲间掉制pulse 脉冲punch card 穿孔卡punch checking 穿孔校验punch hole 穿孔punch position 穿孔位置punch tape 穿孔带punch 穿孔机punched card machine 穿孔卡片机punched card reader 穿孔卡片输入器punched card sorting 穿孔卡片分类punched card tabulator 穿孔卡片制表机punched card 穿孔卡punched tape code 穿孔纸带码punched tape input 穿孔纸带输入punched tape machine 穿孔纸带机punched tape 穿孔带puncher 穿孔机punching matrix 穿孔矩阵punching track 穿孔导轨punctuation character 标点符号punctuation symbol 标点符号pure binary code 纯二进制码pure binary notation 纯二进制法pure data 纯数据pure function 纯功能purge date 清除年月日purging 清除push button dialing 按钮式拔号push button entry 按钮输入artificial perception 人工识别artwork verifier 原图检验器asc 自动选择性控制ascending key 升序键ascending order 升序ascending ordering 升序ascending sort 升序排序ascii format ascii格式ascii keyboard 美国信息交换标准代码键盘ascii terminal ascii码终端ascii 美国信息交换标准代码aspect card 标号卡片aspect ratio 长宽比assemblage 组立assemble duration 汇编时间assembler directive 汇编指令assembler instruction 汇编指令assembler language 汇编语言assembler operator 汇编程序运算符assembler source program 汇编源程序assembler 汇编程序assembling phase 汇编阶段assembling time 汇编时间assembling 汇编assembly instruction 汇编指令assembly instructions 指令组合assembly language 汇编语言assembly list 汇编表assembly pass 汇编遍数assembly phase 汇编阶段assembly program 汇编程序assembly routine 汇编程序assembly system 汇编系统assembly unit 汇编单元assembly 汇编assert statement 断言语句assertion checker 断言检查程序assertion operator 断言语句assertion 断言assigned name 赋值名字push button 按钮开关push down automata 下推自动机push down list 后进先出表push down memory 下推存储器后进先出存储器push down queue 后进先出队列push down stack 下推栈push up list 上推表push up queue 先进先出处理push uplist 先进先出目录q factor 品质因数q meter q表qa 质量保证qam 排队存取法qc 质量控制qcb 排队控制程序qeneral instruction 基本指令qisam 排队她顺序访问法qsam 排队顺序访问法qtam 排队远程通信访问法quad density disk 四倍密度磁盘quad flat package 扁平外壳quad in line package 四列直插式组件quadrant electrometer 象限静电计quadrant 四分之一圆周quadrantal deviation 象限误差quadratic programming 二次规划quadrature modulation 正交灯quadtree 四叉树qualification 限定qualified name 限定名qualifier 限定词qualifying bit 限定位quality assurance 质量保证quality control 质量控制quality factor 品质因数quantifier 量词quantity of information 信息量quantity 量quantization distortion 量化畸变quantization noise 量化畸变quantization step 量子化步quantization 量子化quantize noise 量子化噪声quantizing distortion 量化畸变quantizing noise 量化畸变quantum 量子quarter squares multiplier 四分之一平方乘法器quartz crystal 石英晶体quartz oscillator 石英振荡器quasi linear system 准线性系统quasi stable state 似稳状态quaternary notation 四进制记数法quenching pulse 猝熄脉冲query by example 按例子查询query enhancement 查询加强query execution 询问执行query facilities 查询设施query interrupt 查询中断query language 查询语言query mode 询问方式query processing 询问处理query relation 查询关系query station 查询台query translation 提问转换query 查询question answer dialog 问答对话question answering system 问答系统queue control block 排队控制程序queue discipline 排队原则queue time 等待时间queue 队列queued access method 排队存取法queued indexed sequential access method 排队她顺序访问法queued sequential access method 排队顺序访问法queued telecommunication access method 排队远程通信访问法queueing condition 排队状态queueing problem 排队问题queueing process 排队过程queueing theory 排队论queueing 排队queuing discipline 排队原则quibinary code 五二码quick access storage 快速存取存储器quick acting regulator 速动第器quick operation 快动quick sort 快速分类quil package 四列直插式组件quinary notation 五进制记数法quinary system 五进制quintuple redundancy 五倍冗余度quotation mark 引号quoted string 引证字符串quotient register 商寄存器quotient 商qwerty keyboard qwerty式健盘qwertz keyboard qwertz式键盘r format item 远程格式项r s flip flop 置1置0触发器置位复位触发器r s t ff rst 触发器race 竞态rack mounting 机架装配rack 机架rad 弧度radial transfer 径向传输radian 弧度radio communication 无钱电通信radio horizon 无线电地平线radio interference 无线电干扰radio link 无线电通信线路radio pulse 射电脉冲radio relay system 无线电中继系统radio signal 无线电信号radio 无线电广播radiobearer 无线电测向器radiocontrol 无线电控制radiofrequency 无线电频率radiogoniometer 无线电测向器radiogram 无线电报radiometry 放射度量radiophone 无绳电话radiosounding 无线电探测radiotelegraphy 无线电报radix complement 真补码radix notation 基数记数法radix numeration system 基数记数法radix point 少数点radix 基数ragged array 不规则字段ram chip 随机存取存储凭片ram disk 内存盘ram 随机存取存储器ramification point 分支点ramification 分支ramp generator 斜坡产生器锯齿形电压发生器random access controller 随机存取控制器random access file 随机存取文件random access memory 随机存取存储器random access programming 随机存取程序设计random access storage 随机存取存储器random access 随机存取random action 随机动作random error 偶然性差错random file 随机文件random function 随机函数random logic 随机逻辑random noise 随机噪声random number generation 随机数发生random number generator 随机数发生器随机数生成程序random number 随机数random order 随机次序random organization 随机组织random process 随机过程random processing 随机处理random sample 随机试样random sampling 随机取样random search 随机搜索random sequence 随机序列random value 随机值random variable 随机变量random walk 随机游动transfer instruction 传输指令transfer interpreter 传印机transfer lag 传送延迟transfer operation 传送操作transfer rate 传送速率transfer register 传送寄存器transfer table 转移表transfer time 传送时间transfer unit 转移单位transfer 传送transform 变换transformation 转换transformational grammar 变换文法transformer 变压器transient area 暂驻存储区transient characteristic 瞬态特性transient command 瞬时命令transient current 过渡电流transient curve 瞬态曲线transient error 瞬时错误transient failure 瞬时故障transient fault 瞬时失效transient oscillations 过渡振荡transient performance 瞬变性能transient period 瞬态期transient recoder 瞬态记录器transient response analysis 瞬态响应分析transient response 瞬态响应transient routine 暂用例行程序transient state 过渡状态transinformation 信息传输量transistor amplifier 晶体管放大器transistor analog computer 晶体管摸拟计算机transistor circuit 晶体管电路transistor demodulator 晶体管解调transistor diode logic 晶体管二极管逻辑transistor logic 晶体管逻辑transistor resistor logic 晶体管电阻逻辑transistor transistor logic 晶体管晶体管逻辑transistor 晶体管ratio 比raw data 原始数据ray path 射线路径ray trajectory 射线路径rcdtl 电阻电容二极管晶体管逻辑rct 区域控制任务rctl 阻容晶体管逻辑rdb 关系数据库reach through hole 穿通孔reachability 可存取性read after write 写后读read and write head 读写磁头read around ratio 读数比read back 读回read buffer 读出缓冲器read bus 读出总线read cycle 读周期read driver 读驱动器read error 读数错误read head 读磁头read hopper 积卡箱read instruction 读指令read only memory 只读存储器read only storage 只读存储器read operation 读出操作read program 阅读程序read punch unit 读卡穿孔机read rate 读速率read statement read语句read station 阅读站read time 读出时间read/write conflict 读写冲突read/write device 读写装置read/write head 读写兼用头read/write memory 读写存储器read/write 读/写readability 可读性reader program 阅读程序reader 阅读程序reading brush 读数刷randomization 随机化randomizer 随机数发生器randomizing 随机化range check 范围检查range finder 测距仪range of linearity 线性区域range of options 任选范围range sensing 范围检测rank 分级ranking 排列rapid access storage 立即访问存储器rapid access 快速存取rapid prototyping 快速原型法raster count 光栅计数raster display device 光栅显示装置raster graphic 光栅图形raster graphics 光栅图形raster plotter 光栅绘图机raster processor 光栅处理器raster scan device 光栅扫描装置raster scan display 点阵显示raster scan writing 光栅扫描写入raster unit 光栅单位raster 光栅rate action 速率酌rate control 速率控制rate feedback 速率反馈rate of reading 读速率rate of self regulation 自第速率rated current 额定电流rated power 额定功率rated primary current 额定一次电流rated primary voltage 额定一次电压rated secondary current 额定次级电流rated secondary voltage 额定二次电压rated short circuit current 额定短路电流rated speed 额定速度rating data 额定数据ratio controller 比例第器ratio error 比例误差reading encoder 读出符号器reading error 读数错误reading head 读磁头reading machine 阅读机reading 读readout contact 读出触点readout gate 读出门readout 读出readressing 再编址readset 读取组ready condition 可算条件ready flag 就嘘志ready status word 就写态字ready task 就形务real address mode 实地址模式real address 实地址real constant 实常数real device 实际设备real memory 实存储器real mode 实方式real number 实数real part 实部real storage management 实存储管理real storage 实存储器real time access 实时访问real time application 实时应用real time buffer 实时缓冲器real time clock 实时时钟real time computation 实时计算real time computer 实时计算机real time control 实时控制real time data 实时数据real time environment 实时环境real time executive 实时执行程序real time input 实时输入real time mode 实时方式real time monitor 实时监控程序real time operating system 实时操椎统real time operation 实时操作实时运算real time problem 实时问题real time processing 实时处理real time programming 实时程序设计real time response 实时响应real time system 实时系统real time working 实时工作real time 实际时间real user 实用户real variable 实变量reallocation 再分配realm 领域reasoning by analogy 相似推理reasoning chain 推理链reasoning 推理reboot 再引导recall 回归receive mode 接收方式receive only typing reperforator 只接收打字穿孔机receiver 接收机receiving perforator 接收穿孔机receiving process 接收处理receiving station 接收站receiving 接收reception pocket 接收箱reception 接受reciprocal action 互相酌reciprocal 倒数reciprocity 互易性recirculator 再循环装置reclaiming 恢复reclamation 再生recognition machine 识别机recognition matrix 识别矩阵recognition of code 码识别recognition system 识别系统recognition 识别recognizer 识别器识别程序recognizing grammar 识别文法recombination coefficient 复合系数recombination lifetime 复合寿命recombination losses 复合损耗a priori probability 先验概率absolute name 绝对名acceptor of data 数据接收器accounting problem 会计问题activation 激化actual instruction 实际指令add output 加法输出address constant 地址常数address substitution 地址替换adjustable point 可点algebraic sign 代数符号alphabetic string 字母串alternative denial gate 与非门analog to digital conversion 模拟数字转换answering delay 应答延迟application server 数据库服务器arithmetic expression 算术表达式articulation 清晰度assembly run 汇编程序运行asynchronous computer 异步计算机audio system 声音系统autoload 自动装入automatic gain control 自动增益控制automatic testing 自动校验average calculating time 平均运算时间backing memory 后备存储器balancing 平衡base bound registers 基边界寄存器basic language 基本语言batch system 成批系统beginning tape label 起始带标号binary adder 二进加法器binary output 二进输出bit addressing 位寻址bit synchronization 位同步block length 块长boolean algebra 布尔代数bottom of stack pointer 栈底指示字breadth 幅bsam 基本顺序存取法double sided disk 双面磁盘double word boundary 双字界double word instruction 双字长指令double word register 双字长寄存器double word 双字down counter 减法计数器down operation 停机操作停止操作downline loading 向下装入downtime log 故障时间日志downtime ratio 故障时间比率downtime 故障时间downward compatibility 反向兼容性downward reference 向下引用dpcm 微分脉冲码灯drafting machine 绘图机dragging 拖动drift error 漂移误差drift transistor 漂移晶体管drift 漂移drive wire 驱动线drive 驱动driver 驱动器driving arm 驱动支架driving element 驱动元素drop in 冒码drop out 漏失dropping 漏失drum controller 磁鼓控制器drum mark 磁鼓标志drum memory 磁鼓存储器drum plotter 滚筒绘图机drum printer 鼓式打印机drum storage 磁鼓存储器drum 鼓dry run 预检ds 数据集dscb 数据集控制块dsl 数据集标号dsp 数字信号处理dss 动态支持系统recombination luminescence 复合发光recombination 重新组合reconfiguration 重新配置record address file 记录地址文件record block 记录块record blocking 记录封锁record chart 记录图record density 记录密度record description 记录描述record format 记录格式record gap 记录间隔record instance 记录事例record keeping 记录保持record label 记录标记record layout 记录格式record length 记录长度record lock 记录锁定record locking 记录锁定record mark 记录标记record name 记录名字record oriented device 面向记录的设备record separator character 记录分隔符record size 记录大小record storage 记录存储record structure 记录结构record type 记录类型record 记录recorded value 记录值recorder 记录器recording accuracy 记录准确度recording density 记录密度recording head 记录头recording instrument 记录器recording laser 记录激光recording loss 记录损耗recording medium 记录媒体recording track 记录磁道recording 写入recoverable error 可恢复错误recovery management support 恢复管理支持程序recovery procedure 恢复过程recovery time 恢复时间recovery 恢复rectangular pulse 矩形脉冲rectifier 整流recurrence formula 递推公式recursion 递归recursive algorithm 递归算法recursive call 递归得recursive computation 递归计算recursive definition 递归定义recursive function 递归函数recursive procedure 递归过程recursive program 递归程序recursive subroutine 递归子例行程序recursive transition network 递归转移网络red laser 红色激光器red tape operation 内务操作reduced data 简化数据reduced instruction set computer 简化指令集计算机reduction machine 归约机reduction 简化redundancy check 冗余校验redundancy elimination 冗余消除redundancy rate 冗余率redundancy 冗余redundant bit 冗余位redundant character 多余字符redundant code 冗余码redundant digit 冗余数redundant element 冗余元件redundant failure 冗余故障redundant system 冗余系统reel 磁带盘reenterability 可重入性reenterable module 可重入模块reenterable subprogram 可重入辅程序reenterable subroutine 可重启动子程序reenterable 可再入的reentrance feature 重入的特征assigned unit 分配的装置assigned value 分配值assignment free language 指定自由语言assignment instruction 赋值指令assignment problem 分配问题assignment statement 赋值语句assignment symbol 赋值符号assignment 赋值assmelby instruction 汇编源程序association list 关联表associative addressing 相联编址associative memory 相联存储器associative operation 相联操作结合律运算associative processor 相联处理机associative query 相联查询associative record 相联记录associative register 相联寄存器associative search 相联检索相联查线associative storage 相联存储器assumed decimal point 假定小数点ast routine ast例行程序ast 异步俘获astable multivibrator 不稳定多谐振荡器astatic control 无定向第astatic galvanometer 无定向电疗astatic regulator 无定向第器asterisk 星号asymmetric i/o 非对称输入输出asymmetric multiprocessing system 非对称多外理系统asymmetrical system 非对称系统asynchronous communication 异步通信asynchronous counter 异步计数器asynchronous device 异步装置asynchronous machine 异步机asynchronous mode 异步方式asynchronous operation 异步操作asynchronous processing 异步处理asynchronous response mode 异步应答方式asynchronous servomotor 异步伺服电动机asynchronous system trap 异步俘获reentrance 可重入性reentrant code 重入代码reentrant 可再入的reentry point 重入点reexecution 再执行reference address 参考地址reference bit 参考位reference frequency 基准频率reference input elements 参考输入元件reference instruction 参考指令reference level 基准电平reference manual 参考手册reference name 参考名reference pattern 参考模式reference performance 参考性能reference quantity 基准量reference record 参考记录reference table 参考表reference tag 参考标记reference tape 标准磁带reference time 基准时间reference 参考refinement 提纯reflectance 反射率reflected binary code 反射二进制代码reflected code 循环码reflection barrier 反射屏障reflection coefficient 反射系数reflection 反射reflective marker 反射标记reflective relation 反射关系reflective spot 反射点reflectivity 反射率reformat 重定格式reformatting 格式修改refraction 折射refresh circuit 更新电路refresh cycle 刷新周期refresh display 更新显示器refresh rate 刷新速率refreshable module 可更新模块refreshing 再生refutation 反证regenerating amplifier 再生放大器regeneration period 再生周期regeneration 再生regenerative repeater 再生转发器再生中继器regenerative track 快速访问磁道regenerator 再生转发器再生中继器region control task 区域控制任务region 区regional address 区地址regionalization 区域化register addressing 寄存瓢址register allocation 寄存浦配register capacity 寄存戚量register file 寄存蒲register length 寄存戚量register memory 寄存奇储器register operand 寄存瀑register operation 寄存瀑作register oriented architecture 面向寄存颇结构register printout 寄存乞印register set 寄存崎register to register instruction 寄存平寄存聘令register to storage instruction 寄存拼娲⑵僮噶铟register transfer language 寄存偏送语言register transfer level simulator 寄存偏送级模拟程序register variable 寄存其量register 寄存器registration 写入regression analysis 回归分析regression coefficient 回归系数regression 回归regular entity 正规实体regular grammar 正规文法regulation 蝶regulator 蝶器第器reiterative redundancy 反复迭代冗余reject 拒绝relation character 关系字符relation condition 关系条件relation 关系relational algebra 关系代数relational calculus 关系演算relational database 关系数据库relational expression 关系表达式relational language 关系语言relational model 关系模型relational operator 关系算子relationship record 联系记录relative address 相对地址relative addressing 相对寻址relative coding 相对代码relative command 相对座林命令relative control range 相对控制范围relative damping 相对阻尼relative dead zone 相对静区relative error 相对误差relative file 相对文件relative humidity 相时湿度relative instruction 相对指令relative loader 相对装入程序relative pathname 相对通路名relative programming 相对程序设计relative sensibility 相对灵敏度relative vector 相对向量relativization 相对化relator 关系字符relay computer 继电破算机relay operated controller 继电平控制器relay station 中继站relay television 中继电视relay 电力网继电器继电器release key 释放键reliability engineering 可靠性工程reliability program 可靠性计划reliability test 可靠性试验reliability 可靠性reload 再装入logical channel number 逻辑通道号logical channel queue 逻辑通道队列logical circuit 逻辑电路logical comparison 逻辑比较logical component 逻辑元件logical condition 逻辑条件logical database 逻辑数据库logical depth 逻辑深度logical design 逻辑设计logical device 逻辑设备logical diagram 逻辑图logical difference 异logical element 逻辑元件logical error 逻辑错误logical expression 逻辑表达式logical file 逻辑文件logical function 逻辑函数logical group 逻辑组logical input device 逻辑输入设备logical instruction 逻辑指令logical iocs 逻辑输入输出控制系统logical level 逻辑级logical line 逻辑行logical multiplication 逻辑乘法logical number 逻辑编号logical operation 逻辑运算logical operator 逻辑算子logical partitioning 逻辑划分logical product 与运算logical record 逻辑记录logical relation 逻辑关系logical shift 逻辑移位logical sum 逻辑和logical symbol 逻辑符号logical term 布尔项logical terminal 逻辑终端logical test 逻辑检验logical unit number 逻辑设备编号logical unit test 逻辑装置测试logical unit 逻辑装置reloadability 再装性reloadable control storage 可再写控制存储器relocable program 浮动程序relocatability 可再定位性relocatable address 浮动地址relocatable assembler 浮动汇编程序relocatable expression 浮动表达式relocatable library 浮动程序库relocatable module 浮动模块relocatable program 浮动程序relocatable routine 浮动程序relocatable subprogram 浮动辅程序relocatable term 浮动项relocating loader 再定位装配程序relocation address 浮动地址relocation dictionary 浮动词典relocation factor 再定位因子relocation table 再定位表relocation 再定位remainder register 余数寄存器remainder 剩余remanence 剩磁remedial maintenance 出错维修remote access system 远程存取系统remote access 远程存取remote batch entry 远程成批输入remote batch terminal 远程成批终端remote batch 远程成批运算remote computing 远程数据处理remote console 远程操专remote control system 遥控系统remote control unit 遥控部件remote control 遥控remote data processing 远程数据处理remote debugging 远程翟remote diagnosis 远程诊断remote exchange 长途中心局remote file server 远程文件服务站remote file 远程文件remote format item 远程格式项remote host 远程助remote indication 远距离指示remote job entry 远程成批输入remote job output 远程椎输出remote job 远程椎remote measurement 遥测remote position indicator 远程位置传感器remote procedure call 远程过程得remote request 远程要求remote spooling 远程假脱机操作remote station 遥控站remote terminal 远程终端remote testing 远程测试removable disk pack 可换磁盘组removable disk 可换式磁盘removal 删除renaming 换名rendezvousing 会合reordering 再排序repair 修理repeat instruction 重复指令repeater station 中继站repeater 转发器中继器repectitive statement 迭代语句reperforator 复穿孔机repetition computer 重复计算机repetition factor 重复因子repetition rate 重复频率repetition 重试repetitive addressing 重复寻址repetitive error 重复误差repetitive instruction 迭代指令repetitive operation 迭代操作repetitive printing 重复打印repetitive statement 重复语句replacement redundancy 替换冗余replacement 代替replica 复制品replication 复制replicator 重复符号report description entry 报表描述项report file 报表文件report generation 报告生成report generator 报告生成程序report program generator 报告程序生成程序report program 报表程序report section 报告部分report writer 报告程序生成程序report 报告reporter 报告生成程序representation specification 表示法说明representation 表示representative sample 典型试样reprint 复印品reproducer 复制程序reproducibility 再现性reproducing channel 重放通路reproducing punch 复穿孔机reproducing 再生reproduction 再生reproductor 复穿孔机reprogrammable prom 可改编程prom reprogramming 改编程序request for information 信息请求request initiator 要请起始器request input mode 请求输入方式request repeat system 请求重复方式request stop 请求停机request 请求required parameter 请求参数required space 要求的空格requirements specification 要求说明rereading 重读rerun point 重算点rerun program 重算程序rerun routine 重算程序rerun 重算rescanning 重复扫描reschedule interval 重新安排时间rescue dump 拯救转储。
进出口货物名称中英对照（183）
optical interferometer 光⼲涉仪 optical isolator 光隔离器 optical jig boring machine 光学坐标镗床 optical lamp 光学灯 optical laser radar 激光雷达 optical lens 光学透镜 optical lever 光杠杆 optical light filter 滤⾊镜 optical log 光学计程仪 optical loss test set 光损耗测试仪 optical low-pass filter 低通滤光器 optical mark reader 光学标志阅读器 optical maser 激光器 optical matched filter 光学匹配滤波器 optical material 光学材料 optical measuring machine 光学测量机 optical memory crystal 光存储晶体 optical microdensitometer 光学显微密度计 optical micrometer 光测微计 optical microscope 光学显微镜 optical microwave spectroscope 光学微波分光镜 optical mirror slip 光学镜⽚ optical mixer 光混合器 optical mixing rod 光混合棒 optical mode stripper 光模消除器 optical modulator 光调制器 optical moisture analyzer 光学⽔分分析器 optical multichannel analyzer 光学多通道分析器 optical multiplexer 光多路复⽤器 optical multiport coupler 光学多端⼝耦合器 optical multisurface prism 光学多⾯棱镜 optical myocardium stimulator 光学⼼肌激励器 optical null double-beam farinfrared spectrometer 光学零位双光束远红外光谱仪 optical orthophoto printer 光学正射相⽚晒印机 optical orthophotoscope 光学正射投影纠正仪 optical ozone sonde 光学臭氧探空仪 optical parallel 光学平⾏计⽰器 optical parametric oscillator 光学参量振荡器 optical patch panel 光接线板 optical penetrator 光穿透器 optical performance detector 光学性能检测仪 optical phase modulator 光相位调制器 optical phase shifter 光学移相器 optical photodetector 光检测器 optical pipe 光导管 optical plastics 光学塑料 optical plummet 光学对点器 optical position encoder 光位置编码器 optical power divider 光功率分路器 optical power equalizer 光功率均衡器 optical power meter 光功率计 optical printer 光学印刷机 optical projector 光学投影仪 optical protractor 光学量⾓器 optical pseudo-color processor 光学假彩⾊处理仪 optical pulse counter 光脉冲计数器 optical pulse generator 光脉冲发⽣器 optical pulse reflectometer 光脉冲反射计 optical pulse suppressor 光脉冲抑制器 optical pyrometer 光学⾼温计 optical quadrant 光学象限仪 optical quantum generator 光量⼦发⽣器 optical quartz 光学⽯英 optical radar 光学雷达 optical radiation comparator 光学辐射⽐较器 optical range finder 光学测距仪 optical reader 光输⼊机 optical reading head 光学读数头 optical reading theodolite 光学读数经纬议 optical receiver 光接收机 optical reflective sensor 光反射传感器 optical reflectometer 光反射计 optical reflex view finder 反光取景镜 optical regenerative repeater 光再⽣中继器 optical relay 光继电器 optical repeater 光中继器 optical resin gum 光学树脂胶 optical resonator 光谐振器 optical rod coupler 光学棒状耦合器 optical rotary table 光学回转⼯作台 optical rotator 光旋转器 optical scanner 光扫描器 optical scrambler 光学扰频器 optical sensor 光传感器 optical shaft encoder 光轴编码器 optical sighting device 光学瞄准具 optical signal generator 光学信号发⽣器 optical slope corrector 光学坡度改正器 optical sound recording machine 光学录⾳机 optical spectacle frame 光学眼镜架 optical spectrograph 光学摄谱仪 optical spectrometer 光谱仪 optical spherometer 光学球径仪 optical splitter 分光器 optical square 光学⾓尺 optical storage 光存储器 optical strain gauge 光学应变仪 optical submersion sensor ⽔下光传感器 optical superheterodyne receiver 超外差光接收机 optical superposition device 光学叠象装置 optical tacheometer 光学视距仪 optical tape reader 光电带输⼊机 optical telemeter 光学测距仪 optical tester 光测试仪 optical theodolite 光学经纬仪 optical thickness gauge 光学测厚仪 optical thin film monitor 光学薄膜监测仪 optical thin film 光薄膜 optical thread tool microscope 光学螺纹⼯具显微镜 optical time domain refectometer 光时域反射计 optical time domain refractor 光时域折射器 optical tool measuring machine 光学⼯具检测仪 optical transceiver 光收发机 optical transistor 光敏晶体管 optical transit 光学经纬仪 optical transmitter and receiver 光收发机 optical transmitter 光发送机 optical turn table 光学回转台 optical viewfinder 光学寻像器 optical voice communicator 光话⾳转接器 optical waveform meter 光波波形分析仪 optical waveguide connector 光波导连接器 optical waveguide coupler 光波导耦合器 optical waveguide fiber 光纤 optical waveguide isolator 光波导隔离器 optical waveguide lens 光波导透镜 optical waveguide 光波导管 optical wavelengthmeter 光波长计 optical-electrical converter 光电转换器 optical-mechanical comparator 光学机械式⽐较仪 optical-to-electrical transducer 光电转换器 optically active fiber 旋光光纤 optically controlled microwave phased array antenna 光控微波相控阵天线 optically coupled isolator 光耦合隔离器 optically flat filter 光平⾯滤光⽚ optically optimal indium antimonid infrared detector 光优型锑化铟红外探测器 optically optimal tellurium-cadmium-mercury infrared detector 光优型碲镉汞红外探测器 optically powered sensor 光供电源传感器 optically preamplified receiver 光前置放⼤接收机 optically pumped laser 光抽运激光器 optically pumped liquid laser 光泵液体激光器 optically pumped magnetometer 光泵磁⼒仪 optically pumped solid laser 光抽运固体激光器 optically-excited laser 光激发激光器 opticalpower composite cable 光纤电⼒线组合缆 opticator 光学扭簧测微计 optics transducer 光学传感器 optidress projector scope 光学修正投影显⽰器 Optima 奥普蒂玛牌照相机 optimatic pyrometer 光电式⾼温计 Optimatic 奥普蒂马蒂克牌⼿表 optimatic 光电式⾼温计 optimeter tube 光学⽐较仪光管 optimeter 光电⽐⾊计 optiminimeter 光学测微计 optimizing controller 控制器 optimum charge regulator 负荷调节器 optimum filter 滤波器 optimum receiver 接收机 optimum zero-lag filter ⽆滞后滤波器 option switch 选择开关 Optituson 奥波吐⽣牌⼿表 Optma 奥普特马牌⼿表 opto table 视⼒表 opto-hybrid integrated circuit 光混合集成电路 opto-hybrid receiver 光混合接收机 opto-hybrid transmitter 光混合发射机 opto-sensor 光传感器 optoacoustic detector 光声探测器 optoacoustic transducer 光声变换器 optocoupler 光耦合器 optodeflector 光偏转器 optoelectronic amplifier 光电⼦放⼤器 optoelectronic cell 光电池 optoelectronic converter 光电⼦转换器 optoelectronic coupler 光电耦合器 optoelectronic data processor 光电数据处理机 optoelectronic detector 光电检测器 optoelectronic diode 光电⼆极管 optoelectronic directional coupler 光电定向耦合器 optoelectronic integrated circuit 光电⼦集成电路 optoelectronic isolator 光电隔离器 optoelectronic matrix memory 光电矩阵存储器 optoelectronic memory 光电存储器 optoelectronic processor 光电处理机 optoelectronic receiver 光电接收机 optoelectronic transistor 光电晶体管 optoelectronic transmitter 光电⼦发射机 optoisolator 光隔离器 optokinetic drum 视动⼒⿎室 optometer 视⼒计 optophone 盲⼈光电阅读器 optotransistor 光晶体管 opuhe fibre 奥普希韧⽪纤维 oral and dental instrument and equipement ⼝腔科设备 oral calcium gluconate ⼝服葡萄糖酸钙 oral liquid for health 康宝⼝服液 oral liquid for youth recovery 青春宝⼝服液 oral liquid medicine ⼝服药液 oral liquid of American ginseng and royal jelly 西洋参蜂王浆 oral liquid of chicken fetus 雏凤精⼝服液 oral liquid of Chinese angelica for nourishing blood 养⾎当归精⼝服液 oral liquid of cordyceps ⾍草补天精⼝服液 oral liquid of ginseng and acanthopanax 两参精⼝服液 oral liquid of ginseng and astragalus 参芪精⼝服液 oral liquid of ginseng and royal jelly ⼈参蜂皇浆⼝服液 oral liquid of ginseng tonic ⼈参精⼝服液 oral liquid of honeysuckle flower and scutellaria 银黄⼝服液 oral liquid of sea dragon and gecko 海龙蛤蚧精⼝服液 oral liquid of {Taishan} lucid ganoderma 泰⼭灵芝精⼝服液 oral water jet rinser ⼝腔冲洗清洁器 oral ⼝服避孕药 orange aerated water 橙汁汽⽔ orange and lemon cream 橙檬夹⼼饼 orange and tremella extract 鲜橙银⽿晶 orange barley candy ⾹橙苡⽶糖 orange beverage 橙汁饮料 orange biscuit 桔汁饼⼲ orange blossom water 橙花⾹⽔ orange bonbon 蜜桔夹⼼糖 orange chocolate wafer 桔⼦巧克⼒威化饼⼲ orange color alkyd fluorescent paint 桔红醇酸萤光漆 orange colour cloth 橙⾊布 orange cooky 桔兰饼 orange cream biscuit 橙汁夹⼼饼 orange cream chocolate 橙汁奶油巧克⼒ orange crystal 桔晶 orange essence 柑橙⾹精 orange flavor biscuit ⾹橙饼⼲ orange flavoured ice cream ⾹橙雪糕 orange flower biscuit 橙花夹⼼饼 orange Geneva 桔⼦⾦酒 orange ice colour cloth 雪橙⾊布 orange ice cream bar ⾹橙雪条 orange jam 桔柑酱 orange jelly drop 桔形软糖 orange juice fish liver oil 橙汁鱼肝油 orange juice 橙汁 orange marmalade 桔⼦酱 orange match paper ⽕柴纸 orange match stand ⽕柴架 orange meal 桔⽪粉 orange milk chocolate 桔汁奶油巧克⼒ orange molasses 桔汁糖浆 orange oil separator 橙油分离机 orange oil 橙油 orange peel grab 桔瓣式抓岩机 orange peel oil 橙⽪油 orange peel 橙⽪ orange pekoe 柑桔⾹红茶 orange puff 橙酥饼 orange rock-fish 海鲈鱼 orange soda 桔⼦汽⽔ orange squash 橙汁汽⽔ orange sweet oil 甜橙油 orange sweet 鲜橙糖 orange Tang 桔⼦果珍 orange wafer ⾹橙威化 orange wine 桔⼦酒 orange 橙 orange-peel bucket 瓣形抓戽⽃ orange-peel excavator 多瓣式抓⽃挖掘机 orange-peel glaze 桔⽪釉 orangeade 桔⼦⽔ oranmental brick 釉⾯砖 Orano 奥兰诺牌⼿表 Orator 奥拉托牌⼿表 orazamide 阿卡明 orb-ion pump 弹道离⼦泵 orbenin vial 注射⽤欧苯宁 orbital-motion mixer ⾏星式混合机 orbiter 轨道飞⾏器 orbiting aerator 绕转式充⽓机 orbiting solar telescope 轨道太阳望远镜 orbiting telescope 轨道望远镜 orbitron ion pump 弹道离⼦泵 orbitron 轨旋管 orcein dye 苔红素染料 orcein 苔红素 orchard saw 园艺锯 orchard shears 园艺剪 orchard tool 果园⼯具 orchid colour cloth 紫蓝⾊布 orchid savona 兰花 orchid tea 兰花茶 orchid 兰花 orchid-rose colour cloth 紫玫瑰⾊布 orciprenaline 奥西那林 orco synthrowite 奥科⾟罗怀特荧光增⽩剂 orconazole 奥康唑 order register 指令寄存器 order-made clothes 定制的⾐服 ordinary AC generator ⼀般交流发电机 ordinary bright knitting yarn 普通有光针织纱 ordinary camera 普通照相机 ordinary cast iron flush cistern 普通铸铁厕所⽔箱 ordinary film 普通胶卷 ordinary flower basket 普通花篮 ordinary flower vase 普通花瓶 ordinary fruit bowl 普通果碗 ordinary fruit tray 普通果盘 ordinary glass 普通酒杯 ordinary grade art paper 普通美术纸 ordinary portland cement 普通波特兰⽔泥 ordinary rock drill 普通凿岩机 ordinary safe brake 普通型保险制动器 ordinary smoker's set 普通烟具 ordinary wash basin 平边⾯盆 ordinary wine set 普通酒具 ordinary wool 粗纺⽤⽺⽑ Ordram 草达灭 ordure car 粪车 ordurous car 粪车 ore bag 矿砂⿇袋 ore crusher 碎矿机 ore detector 探矿仪 ore dresser 选矿机 ore furnace transformer 熔矿炉变压器 ore furnace 熔矿炉 ore grade analyzer 矿级分析仪 ore grinder 矿⽯研磨机 ore microscope 矿相显微镜 ore reclaimer 矿⽯回收机 ore separator 矿⽯分离器 ore ship 运矿船 ore stacker 矿⽯堆存机 ore transfer car 运矿车 ore transport wagon 运矿车 ore truck 矿⽯运载车 ore wagon 矿车 ore washer 洗矿机 ore washing-selecting machine 矿⽯洗选机 ore-sintering machine 矿⽯烧结机 Orfamone 诱⾍⼗⼆酯 Orfina 奥飞纳牌⼿表 organ felt 琴毡 organ 风琴 organagel 有机凝胶 organburg 粗袋布 organdie 奥⽢迪蝉翼纱 organdy dressing set 玻璃纱梳妆套 organdy embroidered bedspread 玻璃纱绣花床罩 organdy embroidered tablecloth 玻璃纱绣花台布 organdy hand-embroidered tablecloth 玻璃纱⼿⼯绣花台布 organdy lawn 蝉翼纱 organic fibre 有机纤维 organic acid 有机酸 organic base 有机碱 organic chelate liquid laser 有机螯合物液体激光器 organic colour 有机着⾊剂 organic dye laser 有机染料激光器 organic dye solution laser 有机染料溶液激光器 organic electrolytic cell 有机电解液电池 organic element analyzer 有机元素分析仪 organic enamel 有机瓷釉 organic film capacitor 有机薄膜电容器 organic film condenser 有机簿膜电容器 organic fluorescent powder 有机荧光粉 organic foliage fungicide 有机叶⾯杀菌剂 organic fungicide 有机杀菌剂 organic germanium oral liquid 有机锗⼝服液 organic glass ruler 有机玻璃尺 organic glass {mahjong} set 有机玻璃⿇将牌 organic glass 有机玻璃 organic heat resistant fibre 有机耐热性纤维 organic herbicide 有机除草剂 organic insecticide 有机杀⾍剂 organic iron 有机铁 organic laser 有机激光器 organic liquid laser 有机液体激光器 organic micro analyzer 微量有机元素分析仪 organic pesticide 有机农药 organic phosphate 有机磷酸盐 organic phosphorous insecticide 有机含磷杀⾍剂 organic photoconductive film 有机光导薄膜 organic pigment powder 有机颜料粉 organic pigment 有机颜料 organic plastics 有机塑料 organic scintillator 有机物闪烁器 organic semiconductor 有机半导体 organic silicon oil 有机硅树脂油 organic silicon plastics 有机硅塑料 organic silicon rubber 有机硅橡胶 organic silicone finishing agent 有机硅整理剂 organic sulfur 有机硫 organic synthesis plant 有机合成装置 organic tin stabilizer 有机锡稳定剂 organic-seal double-glazing unit 有机物封填双层玻璃窗。
光电编码器的介绍
光电编码器的介绍光电编码器（Optical Encoder）是一种由光电开关和编码盘组成的测量装置，用于测量旋转运动或线性运动的位置、速度和方向。
它是将机械运动转换为电信号的传感器，广泛应用于工业自动化系统、机床、医疗设备、机器人等领域。
光电编码器的工作原理是通过光电开关检测光电信号来实现位置和运动的测量。
它由一个光电开关和一个编码盘组成。
编码盘上有一个或多个刻有光透过孔和光遮挡槽的轨道，当编码盘旋转或移动时，光电开关会检测到光透过孔或光遮挡槽，从而产生相应的光电信号。
这些光电信号经过处理电路被转换成电信号，通过计数器或编码器读取，最终获得位置、速度和方向信息。
1.高精度：光电编码器的精度通常可以达到极高的水平，一般在几微米或更小的范围内。
这使得它在需要高精度测量的应用中得到广泛使用，如机床、机器人、印刷设备等。
2.高分辨率：光电编码器具备高分辨率的特点，可以提供更细腻的位置和速度测量。
高分辨率使得光电编码器在需要准确控制位置和速度的应用中得到广泛应用，例如自动导航、精密定位等。
3.快速响应：光电编码器可以实时检测光透过孔或光遮挡槽，从而能够快速响应运动状态的变化，使得它在需要快速反馈和控制的应用中得到广泛应用，如自动调节、速度控制等。
4.高可靠性：光电编码器采用非接触式测量方式，与传统的机械式测量装置相比，具有更长的使用寿命和更低的故障率。
同时，光电编码器具备抗干扰能力强、防尘、防水等特点，适用于各种恶劣环境和工作条件。
5.无需校准：光电编码器的安装和使用非常简单，通常无需进行校准，只需将其安装在需要测量的位置上即可。
这大大减少了安装和维护的时间和成本。
增量式编码器是一种周期性输出脉冲信号的编码器，其输出脉冲的数目与旋转角度或位移成正比。
通过对脉冲信号进行计数、计算和运算，可以获得位置和速度信息。
增量式编码器常用于需要持续测量和监控位置和速度变化的应用中。
绝对式编码器通过在编码盘上刻上固定的编码序列来实现位置测量，每个位置都有唯一的编码码，从而可以准确地确定位置。
编码器用英语怎么说
编码器用英语怎么说编码器是将信号或数据进行编制、转换为可用以通讯、传输和存储的信号形式的设备。
那么你知道编码器用英语怎么说吗?下面跟着店铺一起来学习一下吧。
编码器的英语说法1：encoder编码器的英语说法2：coder编码器相关英语表达：优先编码器 Priority encoder音频编码器 automatic frequency coder脉冲编码器 pulse coder语言编码器 speech coder彩色编码器 color coder编码器的英语例句：1. Photoelectric detector and photoelectric encoder carry on the deviation to measure.光电眼和光电编码器进行偏差检测.2. A typical NTSC encoder is shown in figure 5.4.图5.4所示是一个典型的NTSC编码器.3. Encoder Controlled Side Lasting : Accurate cement path, creating better side lastingresults.编码器控制中帮结帮---中帮布胶轨迹控制及指头扫入更加精准确实.4. The third chapter detailed discusses our MPEG 2 encoder based on GPU.第三章详细介绍本文实现的基于GPU的MPEG2编码器.5. It is proved TRD - K series absolute coder can satisfied requirements of production.实践证明,TRD -K 系列绝对值编码器能满足生产要求.6. High - speed encoder ensures smooth conversion of video and audio data.超高速编码器,确保顺利转换的视频和音频数据.7. Practical problems: The encoder and decoder share a staggering amount of code.实现的问题: 编码器和解码器共享了惊人的数量的代码.8. Pull from the encoder ( the server or player initiates the connection )自编码器中拉传递 ( 服务器或播放机初始化连接 )9. The binary message encoder encodes messages in binary on the wire.二进制消息编码器在网络上以二进制形式对消息进行编码.10. Here's a sampling of how it compares with some other encoders.这里有一个与其它编码器的比力.11. Standard duty, bi - directional , NPN ( sink ) shaft encoder for use with electronic counters.标准的责任, 双向的NPN ( 汇 ) 轴角编码器使用的电子计数器.12. At last, the closed loop control method was presented.最后提出了一种基于光电编码器的闭环控制方法.13. Each encoder has a fixed light source opposite a light detector.每个编码器有一个固定光源,对面有光线侦测器.14. Use to include a stream from an encoder in the playlist.用于将一个来自编码器的流包括在播放列表中.15. The control system mainly includes programmable controller, transducer, encoder, etc.控制系统主要包括可编程控制器、变频器、编码器等.。
信息工程 外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献 光电编码器原理及应用电路
Principle and application of the photoelectric encoder circuitAccording to the test principle, encoder can be divided into optical type, magnet, inductive and capacitive. According to its calibration method and signal output form, can be divided into incremental, absolute type and hybrid 3 kinds.Incremental encoder is directly for the use of photoelectric conversion principle output three square wave pulsed A, B and Z phase; A, B two groups of pulse phase difference 90 DHS, thus can easily tell direction of rotation, and Z for every turn in a pulse, used to benchmark positioning. Its advantages are simple structure, mechanical principle of average life expectancy in the tens of thousands of hours above can be, strong anti-jamming capability, high reliability, suitable for long distance transmission. Its defect is unable to output shaft rotation absolute location information.Absolute encoder is direct output digital quantity sensor, in its circular yards plate along radial direction several concentric yards way, each of which way the by pervious to light and opaque and sector of the sector, adjacent code word number is double relationship, yards dish the code word is its binary number of digits, digital side in the code salver illuminant, another side corresponding to every one yard way have a photosensitive component; When yards in different position, disk by various photosensitive components according to the corresponding light or not conversion, forming a binary number level signal. The characteristics of the encoder counter and axis is not in any position can be read out a fixed position and corresponding digital yards. Obviously, code word, the more the better the resolution, for an N binary resolution coder code salver must have N barcode way.For an N binary resolution coder code salver must have N barcode way. At present domestic have 16 bits of absolute encoders products.Absolute photoelectric encoder is use natural binary or circulation binary (Gregory yards) manner photoelectric conversion. Absolute photoelectric encoder and incremental encoder difference in disk pervious to light, opaque line graph, absolute encoder can have some code, according to read yards plate coding, detection absolute position. Code design can use binary code, recycling yards, binary fill yards, etc. Its features are:(1) can directly read Angle coordinate of the absolute value;(2) have no cumulative error;(3) power excision location information would be lost. But the resolution is decided by the binary digits, i.e. precision, currently depends on digits 10, 14 and so on many kinds.Hybrid absolute encoders, it outputs two group of information: a group of information used to test with absolute poles position, information function; Then another group the same output information incremental encoder.Photoelectric encoder is an Angle (angular velocity) detection device, it will input shaft Angle to using photoelectric conversion principle amount converted into electrical impulses or digital quantity, with small size, high accuracy, high reliability, etc. The interface digital It is widely used in nc machine tools, rotating table, servo drive, robots, radar and military goals determination, need to detect the device and equipment in perspective.EPC - 755A photoelectric encoder is good performance in Angle measurement, displacement measurement anti-interference ability strong and stable and reliable, and the output pulse signal, and the pulse signal can be obtained by counting is measured after digital signal. Therefore, we are developing automobile driving simulator, the steering wheel rotation Angle measurement choose EPC - 755A photoelectric encoder, the output circuit as the sensor type selection, open collector output resolution choose 360 pulse/circle, considering the steering wheel rotation is bidirectional, both clockwise and counterclockwise, also can output signal encoder to phase discrimination to count.When photoelectric encoder clockwise, channel A output waveforms output waveform advance channel B, D flip-flop 90 ° output Q (waveform W1) high level, Q (waveform W2) for low level, top and open, counting pulse sr W3) by (waveform, send to the 74LS193 two-way counter with pulse, input CU addition count; At this time, with closed, its below sr output high level (waveform W4). When photoelectric encoder when A counterclockwise, channel output waveform of output waveform than channel B, D flip-flop 90 °delay output Q (waveform W1) for low level, Q (waveform W2) high level, top and shut, its output sr for high level (waveform W3); At this time, with open, count below sr W4) by (pulse waveform, send to two-way counter reduced input pulses 74LS193, subtraction count CD.Steering wheel clockwise and counter-clockwise, the maximum rotation Angle are two laps half, choose resolution for the 360 pulse/laps of coder maximum output pulse count for 900; The actual use of three slices of 74LS193 with counts circuitcomposed, on the system electric initialization, first to the reset (CLR signal), then its initial set to 800H, namely 2048 (LD signal); So, when the steering wheel clockwise, the output of the counts circuit for 2048 ~ 2948, scope of steering wheel counter-clockwise, when the output of the counts circuit range of 2048 ~ 1148; Counts circuit D11 D0 ~ the data sent to output data processing circuits.In practice, frequently made the steering wheel clockwise and counterclockwise rotation, and because it has quantizing error, work a longer period of time, the steering wheel back after when output may not 2048 counts circuit, but several words deviation; In order to solve the problem, we added a steering wheel back in after work, system test circuits, data processing circuit in the operating state of the simulator, the system checks back when, if the steering wheel in detection circuit in the back, and counts circuit in the state, data output is not to count 2048 reset circuit of the initial value and reset.The rotary, photoelectric encoder its shaft and gravity measurement instrument connected to compensate knob axis. Gravity surveying instrument compensation, the angular knob is transformed into a signal quantity amount; Rotary two kinds of photoelectric encoder, absolute encoder and incremental encoder.Incremental encoder is pulse form output sensor, its code than absolute encoders code salver disk much easier and higher resolution. General need only three barcode way, here's code word has actually don't have absolute encoders code word meaning, but produce counting pulse. It WaiDao and the code salver middle way have same number of uniform distribution pervious to light and not pervious to light the sector (grating), but two way sector mutual stagger half an area. When code salver turns, its output signal is for 90 ° phase of the A and B phase pulse signal and only A third yards of the slit pervious produced tao pulse signal (it as the benchmark code salver position, to count the system to provide an initial zero signal). From A, B two output signal phase relationships (advanced or lag) can judge the direction of rotation.Photoelectric encoder is not installed in motor shell, but rather on the basis of motor stent to create a fixed installation of photoelectric encoder is independent, photoelectric encoder axes and motor shaft center must at the same level, two axis adopt soft rubber or nylon hose connections, in order to reduce motor of photoelectric encoder impact load of mechanical shock.Reasonable choice of photoelectric detection device output signal transmission medium, adopt double twisted screened cable replace common screened cable.Double twisted shielding cable has two important technical characteristics of cable, one is by electromagnetic interference with strong protection ability, because the space is electromagnetic field of interference current online can cancel each other out. Double twisted shielded cable is another technical characteristics after mutual twisted line spacing is small, two lines of interference lines of two basic equal distance of shielding network, two lines of capacitance basic and same, it is to suppress common-mode interference effect more apparent.Photoelectric detection devices transmit and receive devices are installed in production site, in use exposed many flaws, its internal factors have external factors, mainly displays in the following aspects:1. Launch device or accept device for mechanical vibration caused by the reasons such as migration or offset, lead to receiving devices can't reliable receives the light signal, but cannot produce electrical signals. For example; Photoelectric encoder used in steel rolling speed regulation systems, because of photoelectric encoder is direct bolted to the shell, the motor shaft of photoelectric encoder by harder spring slice and motor, because motor shaft connected with load is a load of impact that will have steel mill, when caused the vibration of rotor and shell motors. According to the mensuration; After steel time electricity encoder vibration velocity for2.6 mm/s, so that might damage the vibration velocity of photoelectric encoder internal functions. Cause mistakenly hair pulse, leading to control system is not stable or misoperation, cause accidents.2. For photoelectric detection device installed in production site, production site environmental factor influence by photoelectric detection device can't reliable led to the work. Such as the installation position high temperature, humidity is big, cause photoelectric detection device internal electronic components properties change or damaged. For example in the caster is sending a tracking system, because led ingots photoelectric detection device the installation position near the slab, ambient temperature high and cause photoelectric detection device signal or damaged by mistake, and cause production or personal accident.3. All kinds of electromagnetic interference source production site, photoelectricity detecting devices of the interference, causing photoelectric detection device output waveform distortion distortion, and makes the system occurred maloperation or trigger production accidents. For example; Photoelectric detection device installed in production equipment, its signal via cable ontology to controlsystem's distance transmission in commonly 1.02-3.20m ~ 100m, transmission cable though generally choose more, but due to the core shield cable conductor resistance and the line of cable capacitance between influence plus and other cable laying together, vulnerable to all sorts of electromagnetic interference effects, therefore cause waveform distortion, which makes feedback to speed regulation system of signal and the actual value deviation, but cause the system precision decline.Photoelectric detection device itself is by electronic components, it constitutes of installation environment has certain technical requirements, especially in a harsh environment use, to take corresponding measures to protect the photoelectric detection device to work in its product requirements under the condition of the technology, can play device technical performance. Otherwise the service life of the photoelectric detection device reliability of its work may be subjected to the influence of different level. Combined with photoelectric detection devices in the production process control application practice, the control system design; Unfavorable use of photoelectric detection device as a signal important control signal, photoelectric device to avoid sudden damage or work unstable (environmental temperature, humidity is big,External mechanical vibration, etc) cause other touch and equipment accidents. In the application of PLC program control system of real optimum process control or interference, to overcome monitoring in system adopts photoelectric device and various existing defects, is the effective way to improve the system reliability.光电编码器原理及应用电路根据测试原理，编码器可分为光学式、磁式、电感和电容式。
光电编码器内部结构
光电编码器内部结构【最新版】目录1.光电编码器概述2.光电编码器的结构组成3.光电编码器的工作原理4.光电编码器的分类及应用5.光电编码器的优缺点正文1.光电编码器概述光电编码器是一种将机械运动转换为数字信号的装置，常用于运动控制系统中。
它可以将位置和角度等参数转换为数字量，便于计算机处理。
光电编码器具有高精度、抗干扰能力强、可靠性高等优点，因此在工业生产中得到广泛应用。
2.光电编码器的结构组成光电编码器主要由码盘（codewheel 或 codedisk）、发光二极管（LED）、光电传感器和信号处理电路组成。
码盘是光电编码器的关键部件，其在旋转过程中产生代表运动位置的数字化的光学信号。
码盘可以根据用途和成本的需要，由金属、玻璃和聚合物等材料制作。
发光二极管（LED）作为光源，发射光线照射到码盘上，通过光电传感器接收透过码盘的光束，产生电信号。
信号处理电路对电信号进行处理，输出位置和速度信息。
3.光电编码器的工作原理光电编码器根据码盘上透光和遮光部分的组合产生电信号。
在码盘旋转过程中，透光和遮光部分的相对位置发生变化，使得照射到码盘上的光束产生间断。
通过光电传感器接收和电子线路处理，产生特定电信号的输出。
再经过数字处理，可计算出位置和速度信息。
4.光电编码器的分类及应用根据用途和原理的不同，光电编码器可分为旋转光电编码器和直线光电编码器。
旋转光电编码器用于测量旋转角度，而直线光电编码器则用于测量直线尺寸。
此外，还有绝对编码式光电旋转编码器和增量编码式光电旋转编码器两种类型。
绝对编码器在每个位置都有一个唯一的编码，而增量编码器只输出相对于某个参考点的位置变化。
光电编码器广泛应用于数控机床、机器人、自动化生产线等领域。
5.光电编码器的优缺点光电编码器具有高精度、抗干扰能力强、可靠性高等优点，适用于各种恶劣环境。
但其结构较复杂，成本较高，且码盘容易受到污染和损伤，影响其使用寿命。
光电编码器的工作原理和应用电路
光电编码器的工作原理和应用电路1 光电编码器的工作原理光电编码器(Optical Encoder)俗称“单键飞梭”，其外观好像一个电位器，因其外部有一个可以左右旋转同时又可按下的旋钮，很多设备(如显示器、示波器等)用它作为人机交互接口。
下面以美国Greyhill公司生产的光电编码器为例，介绍其工作原理及使用方法。
光电编码器的内部电路如图1所示，其内部有1个发光二极管和2个光敏三极管。
当左右旋转旋钮时，中间的遮光板会随旋钮一起转动，光敏三极管就会被遮光板有次序地遮挡，A、B相就会输出图2所示的波形；当按下旋钮时，2、3两脚接通，其用法同一般按键。
当顺时针旋转时，光电编码器的A相相位会比B相超前半个周期；反之，A相会比B相滞后半个周期。
通过检测A、B两相的相位就可以判断旋钮是顺时针还是逆时针旋转，通过记录A或B相变化的次数，就可以得出旋钮旋转的次数，通过检测2、3脚是否接通就可以判断旋钮是否按下。
其具体的鉴相规则如下：1.A为上升沿，B=0时，旋钮右旋；2.B为上升沿，A=l时，旋钮右旋；3.A为下降沿，B=1时，旋钮右旋；4.B为下降沿，A=O时，旋钮右旋；5.B为上升沿，A=0时，旋钮左旋；6.A为上升沿，B=1时，旋钮左旋；7.B为下降沿，A=l时，旋钮左旋；8.A为下降沿，B=0时，旋钮左旋。
通过上述方法，可以很简单地判断旋钮的旋转方向。
在判断时添加适当的延时程序，以消除抖动干扰。
2 WinCE提供的驱动模型WinCE操作系统支持两种类型的驱动程序。
一种为本地驱动程序，是把设备驱动程序作为独立的任务实现的，直接在顶层任务中实现硬件操作，因此都有明确和专一的目的。
本地设备驱动程序适合于那些集成到Windows CE平台的设备，诸如键盘、触摸屏、音频等设备。
另一种是具有定制接口的流接口驱动程序。
它是一般类型的设备驱动程序。
流接口驱动程序的形式为用户一级的动态链接库(DLL)文件，用来实现一组固定的函数称为“流接口函数”，这些流接口函数使得应用程序可以通过文件系统访问这些驱动程序。
光电编码器内部结构
光电编码器内部结构
光电编码器（Optical Encoder）是一种用于测量角位移或线性位移的设备，它通过检测光的变化来确定位置。
光电编码器的内部结构包括以下几个关键部分：
1. 光源：通常使用红外光源，如红外发光二极管（LED），用于发射光束。
2. 光学刻纹盘：光刻纹盘是一个具有特定编码模式的圆盘。
它通常由透明的材料制成，具有一些用于编码的孔或凹槽。
3. 光电器件：光电器件位于光学刻纹盘的另一侧，用于检测光的变化。
常用的光电器件有光电二极管（Photodiode）和光敏电阻器（Photoresistor）。
当光线经过编码孔或凹槽时，光电器件会产生电信号。
4. 信号处理电路：光电器件产生的电信号经过信号处理电路进行放大、滤波和解码。
信号处理电路根据光的变化来判断角度或位置的变化，并输出相应的数据。
5. 接口电路：接口电路将信号处理电路输出的数据转换为可识别的格式，如数字信号或模拟电压信号。
总的来说，光电编码器的工作原理是光源发射光束，光线通过光刻纹盘上的编码孔或凹槽时，光电器件会产生电信号。
这些电信号经过信号处理和转换后，最终输出为能够表示位置的数据。
光电编码器内部结构的设计和制造保证了较高的精度和稳定性，使其在各种机械和工业应用中广泛应用。
传感器原理传感器原理57
Photoelectric Sensors
8.4 光电式编码器
Photoelectric Encoder
光电式编码器 Photocell
定义：编码器是将机械转动的位移（模拟量）转换成数字式电信号的传感器。
Definition: An encoder is a sensor that converts the displacement of a mechanical rotation (analog) into a digital electrical signal.
Working principle: When the code wheel rotates along with the measured working axis, every time it rotates through a gap, there will be a change of light brightness and shade, and a change of electrical signal will be generated through the photosensitive element, so the number of gaps on the code track per turn will be equal to the number of pulses output by its photosensitive element per turn. Using the counter to record the number of pulses, we can reflect the rotation angle of the code wheel.
B1 0 B4 1
光电编码器英文介绍
直线和旋转编码器、解角器结构和原理Linear and Rotary EncodersAn encoder is an electrical mechanical device that can monitor motion or position. A typical encoder uses optical sensors to provide a series of pulses that can be translated into motion, position, or direction. Figure 10-109 shows a diagram and picture of rotary encoders. The diagram in Fig. 10-109b shows that the disk is very thin, and a stationary light-emitting diode (LED) is mounted so that its light will continually be focused through the glass disk. A light-activated transistor is mounted on the other side of the disk so that it can detect the light from the LED. The disk is mounted to the shaft of a motor or other device whose position is being sensed, so that when the shaft turns, the disk turns. When the disk lines up so the light from the LED is focused on the phototransistor, the phototransistor will go into saturation and an electrical square wave pulse will be produced. This figure shows an example of the square wave pulses that are produced by the rotary encoder. This type of disk was used in early applications but the size of the holes in the metal disk limited the amount of accuracy that could be obtained. As more holes were cut in the disk, it became too fragile for industrial use.FIGURE 10-108 Example of Hall-effect switche s. These switche s are used for positioning applications such a s indicating when a door is open or closed or if a safety guard is in place.Incremental Rotary Encoder An encoder with one set of pulses would not be useful since it could not indicate the direction of rotation. Most incremental encoders have a second set of pulses that is offset (out of phase) from the first set of pulses, and a single pulse that indicates each time the encoder wheel has made one complete revolution. Figure 10-110 shows an example of the two sets of pulses that are offset. Since the two sets of pulses are out of phase from each other, it is possible to determine which direction the shaft is rotating by the amount of phase shift between the first set and second set of pulses. The first set of pulses are called the A pulses, and the second set of pulses are called the B pulses. A third light source is used to detect a single pulse that appears once per revolution.(a) Rotary Incremental Optical EncoderFIGURE 10-109 (a) Internal operation of incremental optical encoder. (b) Examples ofoptical rotary encoders.FIGURE 10-110 Examples of the A pulse, B pulse, and the command pulse. If the A pulse occurs before the B pulse, the shaft is turning clockwise, and if the B pulse occurs before the A pulse, the shaft is turning counterclockwise. The C pulse occurs once perrevolution.This pulse is called the command pulse, which is used to count revolutions of the shaft wherethe encoder is connected.Since the incremental encoder provides only a string of pulses, a home switch must be used with this type of encoder to ensure that the encoder is calibrated to the actual location of the home reference point. The early encoder wheels that were made from metal w ere not too useful as more resolution was needed. T oday encoder wheels are made from clear glass that has opaque segments etched in them like bars. As the encoder wheel spins, the opaque segments block the light and where the glass is clear, light is allowed to pass. This provides a pulse train similar to the encoder wheel that has holes drilled in it. T ypical glass encoders have from 100 to 6000 segments. This means that these encoders can provide 3.6° of resolution for the encoder with 100 segments and 0.06° of resolution for the encoder with 6000 segments. If the shaft of the encoder is connected to a drive shaft for a motor that is connected to a ball screw or a reduction gear, the number of degrees of resolution can be converted into linear position.It would be impossible to drill hundreds of holes in the encoder wheel to get the higher amounts of resolution because the wheel would not have enough material remaining to give the wheel strength. For this reason modern encoder wheels with high resolution use etched glass wheels. The glass is etched with chemicals to produce alternating opaque segments.The second pulse train is developed in this type of encoder by placing a second light source and second light receiver at a different angle from the first set. Since the location of the second light source is different from the first, the second pulse train will be shifted from the first just as if two separate sets of holes were drilled. This arrangement allows the encoder wheel to provide both incremental and direction of rotation information with only one set of opaque bars etched in the glass. The second pulse train is used to determine the direction of rotation for the encoder wheel.Figure 10-111 shows an example of the etched glass encoder and a diagram of the light source and receiver. From this figure you can see that the glass encoder looks as if it has very thin black lines drawn on it. The black lines are the opaque segments that block light. The diagram from this figure shows only one light source and receiver. A second identical light source and receiver is mounted on the encoder in such a way that it produces the offset pulse train.Absolute Encoders One of the major drawbacks of the incremental encoder is that the number of pulses that are counted are stored in a buffer or external counter. If power loss occurs, the count will be lost. This means that if a machine with an encoder has its electricity turned off each night or for maintenance, the encoder will not know its exact position when power is restored. The encoder must use a home-detection switch to indicate the correct machine position. The incremental encoder uses a homing routine that forces the motor to move until a home limit switch is activated. When the home limit switch is activated, the buffer or counter is zeroed and the system knows where it is relative to fixed positional points.Incremental Encoder Internal ConstructionFIGURE 10-111 Example of an etched glass incremental encoder wheel.Pulse Train for Incremental EncoderThe absolute encoder is designed to correct this problem. It is designed in such a way that the machine will always know its location. Figure 10-112 shows an example of an absolute encoder. From this figure you can see that this type of encoder has alternating opaque and transparent segments like the incremental encoder, but the absolute encoder uses multiple groups of segments that form concentric circles on the encoder wheel like a "bull's eye" on a target or dartboard. The concentric circles start in the middle of the encoder wheel and as the rings go out toward the outside of the ring they each have double the number of segments than the previous inner ring. The first ring, which is the innermost ring, has one transparent and one opaque segment. The second ring out from the middle has two transparent and two opaque segments, and the third ring has four of each segment. If the encoder has 10 rings, its outermost ring will have 512 segments, and if it has 16 rings it will have 32,767 segments.Since each ring of the absolute encoder has double the number of segments of t he prior ring, the values form numbers for a binary counting system. In this type of encoder there will be alight source and receiver for every ring on the encoder wheel. This means that the encoder with 10 rings has 10 sets of light sources and receivers, and the encoder with 16 rings has 16 light sources and receivers.The advantage of the absolute encoder is that it can be geared down so that the encoder wheel makes one revolution during the full length of machine travel. If the length of machine travel is 10 inches and its encoder has 16-bit resolution, the resolution of the machine will be 10/65,536, which is 0.00015 inch. If the travel for the machine is longer, such as 6 feet, a coarse resolver can keep track of each foot of travel, and a second resolver called the fine resolver can keep track of the position within 1 foot. This means the coarse encoder can be geared so that it makes one revolution over the entire 6-foot distance, while the fine encoder is geared so that its entire resolution is spread across 1 foot (12 inches).Absolute Optical Encoder Internal ConstructionFIGURE 10-112 Example of an absolute encoder wheel that shows the pattern of concentric circles. This diagram also show s the location of 16 light source s and 16 light receivers that decode the pattern of light as it passe s through the 16 concentric circlepatterns.Since the absolute encoder produces only one distinct number or bit pattern for each position within its range, it knows where it is at every point between the two ends of its travel, and it does not need to be homed to the machine each time its power is turned off and on.磁性编码器原理A magnetic encoder consists of a rotating gear made of ferrous metal and a magnetic pick-up that contains a permanent magnet and the sensing element. The gear, which is mounted on the rotating shaft, has precisely machined teeth that provide the code pattern. As the disk rotates, these teeth disturb the magnetic flux emitted by the permanent magnet, causing the flux field to expand and collapse. These changes in the field are sensed by the sensing element, which generates a corresponding digital or pulse signal output.Two kinds of magnetic pick-ups exist:∙Hall effect -- pick-ups use a semiconducting sensing element that relies on the Hall effect to generate a pulse for every gear tooth that passes the pickup.∙Variable reluctance-- pick-ups use a simple coil of wire in the magnetic field. As the gear teeth pass by the pick-up and disturb the flux, they cause a change in the reluctance of the gear/magnet system. This induces a voltage pulse in the sensing coil that is proportional to the rate flux change.直线磁性尺The principle of digitizing in a magnetic encoder is similar to that used in optical and in contact devices. The carriers of the digital code marks are ferromagnetic disks or strips with a pattern of magnetized and nonmagnetized areas. A magnetic head responding to the magnetization is in close proximity to the moving parts and produces "0" or "1" pulses when magnetized or nonmagnetized areas pass the head. A contemporary technique allows the inscription of the magnetic pattern very precisely, providing a high resolution for the transducer.Magnetic Encoder. f = displacement, 1 = magnetic strip, 2 = magnetized area, 3 =nonmagnetized area, 4 = magnetic head.光电编码器原理The most popular type of encoder is the optical encoder, which consists of a rotating disk, a light source, and a photodetector (light sensor). The disk, which is mounted on the rotating shaft, has coded patterns of opaque and transparent sectors. As the disk rotates, these patterns interrupt the light emitted onto the photodetector, generating a digital or pulse signal output.The encoding disk is made from:∙Glass, for high-resolution applications (11 to >16 bits)∙Plastic (Mylar) or metal, for applications requiring more rugged construction (resolution of 8 to 10 bits)积分编码器原理The most common type of incremental encoder uses two output channels (A and B) to sense position. Using two code tracks with sectors positioned 90 degrees out of phase, the two output channels of the quadrature encoder indicate both position and direction of rotation. If A lead s B, for example, the disk is rotating in a clockwise direction. If B leads A, then the disk is rotating in a counter-clockwise direction.By monitoring both the number of pulses and the relative phase of signals A and B, you can track both the position and direction of rotation.Some quadrature encoders also include a third output channel, called a zero or index or reference signal, which supplies a single pulse per revolution. This single pulse is used for precise determination of a reference position.旋转变压器和解角器(RESOLVER)原理Similar to the inductive transducer, a transformer transducer contains coils. The change in the magnetic circuit of the transduction element due to the motion of the sensing shaft provides a change in the mutual inductances between the coils. As a result, a voltage proportional to the change in the circuit is induced in the output coil. Two types of transducers are popular in this measuring technique: LVDT and RVDT. LVDT denotes a linear variable differential transformer, and RVDT denotes a rotary variable differential transformer.Transformer transducer, a = LVDT, b = RVDT. U ex=excitation voltage, U o= output voltage, 1 = excitation coil, 2 = output coil, 3 = moving core or armature, 4 = sensing shaft.RE SOLVERSA resolver is an absolute position feedback device which operates as described below.The stator is made up of two windings, winding A and winding B. W inding A is positioned at a right angle to winding B. The rotor is made up of a third winding, winding C. This is energized with a sinusoidal voltage and allowed to rotate. The signal in winding C induces a signal in both windings A and B. Rotating winding C causes the magnitude of the induced signals to vary as a function of the angular position. The voltage induced in A is in quadrature to the voltage induced in B. Each position along the rotation produces a different value for the combination of A and B. This is illustrated in the following image:Output from phase A is typically Vi * sin(wt + ph) and the output from phase B is typically Vi * cos( wt + ph). WhereVi = V oltage inw = Angular frequencyt = timeph = phase shiftUsing the output of the two windings gives an absolute position, since each position has a different combination of A and B. The frequency also changes with the velocity, the velocity can also be determined.The data output from the two phases is usually converted from analog to digital by means of a resolver-to-digital converter.Y ou can typically achieve a resolution up to 65,536 counts per revolution using resolvers.。
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The properties and application of photoelectric encoderThe working principle, photoelectric encoderPhotoelectric encoder, is a kind of photoelectric transformation through the machine will output shaft geometric displacement convert pulse or digital sensors.This is the most sensor, photoelectric encoder and grating is by photoelectric detection device.Grating is in certain parts of the diameter of the circular plate to open several rectangle hole.Caused by the code, motor and motor coaxial rotates grating and motor rotate speed, with the light emitting diode and other electronic components testing unit output pulse signal with several, its principle diagram is shown in figure 1, Through the calculation of the output pulse of photoelectric encoder per number can reflect the current motor speed.In addition, the direction of rotation, the code for the judge may also provide phase difference dish of 90 º two pulses.According to the measuring principle, encoder can be divided into optical and magnetic type, inductive and capacitor. According to the calibration method and the signal output form, can be divided into incremental, absolutely and hybrid three.Incremental encoderIncremental encoder is directly for the use of photoelectric pulse output three square principle of A and B and Z, A and B group phase, pulse 90 ºcan easily identify rotation direction, and for every turn A phase Z benchmark for positioning. Pulse,Its advantages are simple structure, mechanical principle, average life expectancy in tens of thousands of hours, strong anti-jamming capability, high reliability, suitable for long distance transmission. Its defect is not the absolute output shaft rotation location information.图1 光电编码器的远离示意图Absolute photoelectric encoderAbsolute encoder is direct digital output sensor, in its circular yards on several concentric yards along the radial direction of every faith, by pervious to light and not pervious to light, the sector and the adjacent code number of sectors, encoder is double the code number of bits of it in the code of digits, light source, the other side is one word has a corresponding yard photosensitive components, When the code in different position, the dish by various photosensitive components according to the corresponding conversion or light signals, binarynumber level. This is not the encoder counter in the shaft can be read at any position of a fixed position corresponds with the digital code. Obviously, the word, the more the high resolution, for a N binary resolution coder code salver must have N barcode. Currently there are 16 bits of absolute encoder products.Single channel absolute photoelectric shaft encoder is using the natural binary or circular binary (Gregory yards) manner photoelectric conversion.Absolute photoelectric encoder and incremental encoder differs not pervious to light on the disk, the line, absolute encoders may have graphics, according to the number of code read code on coding, detection absolute position.Code design can use binary code, circulation, binary complement, etc. Its features are:Can read Angle of absolute coordinates directly.No accumulative error.Power excision location information would be lost. But the resolution is determined by the binary digits, i.e., precision depends on the median 10, 14 etc.Hybrid absolute encoder.Hybrid absolute encoders, its output of two groups: a group of information, information for testing poles with absolute information function, Another group of incremental encoder is completely with the output information.Photoelectric encoder is an Angle (angular velocity) detection device, it will input shaft Angle for, using the principle of photoelectric convert electrical or digital accordingly, small size, high accuracy, high reliability, digital interface, etc. It is widely applied in nc machine tools, turning machine, servo drive, robots, radar and military targets were needed in the Angle of device and equipment.Applied circuit of photoelectric encoderEPC - 755A application of photoelectric encoderEPC - 755A photoelectric encoder and the use of good performance in Angle measurement, displacement measurement, and has strong anti-jamming capability of the output pulse signal is stable and reliable, and the pulse signal can be obtained by counting were measured after the digital signal. Therefore, we in the car driving simulators, steering wheel rotation Angle measurement chooses EPC - 755A photoelectric encoder, the output circuit as sensors, choose open collector output resolution selection 360 pulse/circle, considering the steering wheel rotation is a two-way street, clockwise and counterclockwise, can also needs to the output signal phase coder to count. Figure 2 shows the actual use of photoelectric encoder and discrimination, phase two-way counts circuit with a D flip-flop circuit and two cross-coupled nand gates, with 74LS193 3 counts circuit.图2 光电编码器鉴相计数电路When the photoelectric encoder clockwise, channel, A leading channel output waveform of output waveform B 90 °, D flip-flop output waveform W1) for Q (high level, Q (W2) for low-level waveform cross-coupled nand gates, open, counting pulse waveform W3) by (bidirectional, send to the 74LS193 counter CU input pulses, add count, At this time, below, its output cross-coupled nand gates close for high level (waveform W4). When the photoelectric encoder counter-clockwise, channel A output waveform of output waveform delay than channel B 90 °, D flip-flop output waveform W1) for Q (low level, Q (W2) for high level waveform, the output cross-coupled nand gates close, high level (waveform W3), Now, two cross-coupled nand gates open, counting under impulsive through (waveform W4), send to two-way 74LS193 counter reduced input pulses, CD. Subtraction.Steering wheel clockwise and counter-clockwise, the maximum rotation Angle for two laps, choose resolution for 360 pulse/circle of the output pulse coder, its biggest for 900, Actual use three slices of counts circuit 74LS193 component in the system of initialization, the signal reset (CLR), the initial set for 800H, namely 2048 (LD); the signal, So, when the steering wheel clockwise, count the output circuit for 2048 ~ 2948, when steering counter-clockwise,count the output circuit for 2048-804, D0 output data counts circuit D11 ~ to data processing circuit.In practice, the steering wheel frequently made clockwise and counterclockwise rotation, because existence, work longer quantization error after a period of time, the steering wheel when the output of a circuit to count, but may not 2048 several words deviation, To solve this problem, we added a steering wheel to detect circuits, systems, data processing circuit after work on the operation state in the simulator, system test in the back, if detection circuit in the back wheel, and counts circuit in the data output, but not to count 2048 reset circuit, and the initial reset.Photoelectric encoder gravity measurement instrument in the applicationThe rotary photoelectric encoder, the shaft and gravity measuring instrument for knob shaft. Gravity measurement of the angular displacement volume knob compensation for a signal is transformed, Rotary photoelectric encoder and absolute encoder two points and incremental encoder.Incremental encoder is the output pulse form, its code plate sensor than absolute encoder code easier to disk and higher resolution. Generally need only three barcode, here's code has not actually had word of absolute encoder code, but produce counting pulse. It's code of WaiDao and middle way has the same number of uniform distribution of not pervious to light and sector (raster), but is two sector mutual stagger half area. When the code salver, turning the output signal is A difference for 90 ° with B in the pulse signal and only one third of the slit pervious word code generated by the pulse signal (it as the benchmark code salver position, to provide an initial counting system of zero signal). From A, B two output signal phase relationship (ahead or behind) can judge the direction of rotation. Graph 3 by (a), when the code dish is a word, pulse than B ground PI / 2, and reverse, a word than B lagging ways pulses PI / 2. Figure 3. (b) is A practical circuit, use A word of plastic wave along the steady-state produces single trigger word and b are pulse wave phase 'and' plastic disc, when the code is only positive mouth pulse output, whereas only reverse mouth pulse output. Therefore, the increment of the output pulse coder is according to the source and pulse count to determine the direction and the code salver. Relative angular Usually, if the encoder has N (yards), its output signal phase difference of PI/N, may count for the number of times the grating 2N pulse, N = 2. Figure 3 circuit faults are sometimes mistake pulse, this error in a signal in a high "or" low ", and "level other signal is in" high "and" low "and change of state, though code salver, but will produce a shift in the output pulse. For example, code salver or manual alignment occurs jitter position (below can see, in spring gravimeters measurement will have this kind of case).图3 增量光电编码器基本波形和电路图4 四倍计数方式的波形和电路Figure 4 is a can prevent error and can improve the resolution of the pulse frequency subdivision circuit four times. Here, the function of memory is D flip-flop and clock generator. Figure 4 shows, by every two D flip-flop, so take in the clock pulse, the interval of two Q end (such as the corresponding B 74LS175 2, 7 foot) maintain two clock period, if both input status, said the change in, Otherwise, can according to the relationship between the changes from the party, which is "to" or "backward" output pulse. When a word because of high vibration in the ' ', 'low ", will change between reciprocating alternate "positive" and "backward" pulse, the two counter on the number and replace them when they can eliminate the shadow ring (below instrument readings will involve this). Thus, the clock generator frequency of vibration frequency may be greater than the maximum. Can see from figure 4, a pulse signal of the cycle, four counts pulse. For example, the number of every lap pulse coder for 1000 produce four times the number of pulse frequency, and its resolution is 4000 for 0.09 degree. Actually, this kind of sensor products will enlarge the output signal of photosensitivecomponents such as plastic circuit and sensor encapsulation testing components together, so just add subdivision and counts circuit can form a angular measurement system (74159 is 4-16 decoder).Application problem analysis and improvement measuresApplication problem analysisPhotoelectric detection devices transmit and receive devices are installed in the production and use of exposed many defects, its internal factors have external factors, which is mainly embodied in the following aspects:Devices or accept device for mechanical vibration, caused by the shift or offset, receiving devices not reliable to receive light signals, but cannot produce signals. For example, Photoelectric encoder used in steel rolling speed regulation systems, because of photoelectric encoder is bolted directly in motor shell, photoelectric encoder shaft through hard shrapnal and motor rotor connections, because motor with load is a load of impact, while rolling steel rotor motor will have caused the shell and vibration. According to the mensuration, After steel time electricity encoder vibration velocity for 2.6 mm/s, this can damage the vibration velocity of photoelectric encoder internal functions. A pulse, thereby causing instability in control system, or misoperation cause accidents.Because of photoelectric detection device installed in production, production environment factors in photoelectric detection devices not reliable work. Such as the installation position of high temperature, humidity, photoelectric detection device to internal electronic components characteristics change or damage. For example in continuous caster send analyzed.essential tracking system, because of photoelectric detection equipment installation location near the slab, high temperature environment caused by photoelectric detection device signal or damage caused by accidents or production.Production site for all kinds of electromagnetic interference source photoelectric detection device, of interference, photoelectric detection device of output waveform distortion distortion occurs, the system maloperation accident or production. For example, Photoelectric detection device installed in the production equipment of the signal, the body to the control system of the cable transmission distances in 20-100 meters, cable, although usually choose multiple shielded cable conductor, but due to cable capacitance between lines of resistance and impact plus and other cable laying together, vulnerable to all sorts of electromagnetic interference effect, thus causing waveform distortion, thus to drive system feedback signal and practical value deviation, and cause the system precision.Measures for improvementChange of photoelectric encoder installation. Photoelectric encoder is not installed in motor shell, but in the motor based on a fixed bracket to independent installation photoelectric encoder, photoelectric encoder axis and motor shaft center must at the same level, two axis adopt soft rubber or nylon hose connection, to reduce the impact of photoelectric encoder motor load of mechanical shock. By this way after vibration testing, the vibration velocity to 1.2 mm/s.Reasonable choice of photoelectric detection device, the output signal transmission medium by twisted-pair cable instead of ordinary shield cable. Twisted-pair cable has two important characteristics of cable, one is by electromagnetic interference with strong protection ability, because the space of electromagnetic interference current online can cancel each other out. Twisted-pair cable is another technical characteristics of two mutually twisted line spacing is small, after two lines of interference lines distance equal to two lines, basic capacitance of shielding network basic and same, it is to restrain common-mode interference effect more apparent.Using PLC software to monitor or interference. In the continuous process analyzed.essential photoelectric detection device has the timing signal, at the same time, the whole process of signal and corresponding different stages. As shown in figure 5.图5 送引锭过程和光电信号关系1 send analyzed.essential before starting the process, photoelectric signal 1 "1".2 after the start sending analyzed.essential process, in A stage, roller, start sending bar. When the lever block photoelectric device analyzed.essential emit light, the photoelectric signal for "0", When light guide bar through central 2 small round hole, photoelectric device sends a signal to 2 and 3, "1".3 analyzed.essential sent in B stage, the process of photoelectric signal for "0", roller suspension bar, stop sending, fan-shaped 10 section pressure straightening machine, pull. "and" 1 ", synchronous bar to give.4 analyzed.essential sent in C stage, process, and no longer bar ceiling light, photoelectric signal four blocks for "1", "2", "stop synchronous synchronous 1," lead bar to give. This work is over optoelectronic device.According to the light of electrical device testing work process, as long as the scene of sending analyzed.essential each photoelectric signal process, based on the time analyzed.essential process and photoelectric signal relationship, using PLC application of relevant data, prepare to meet the requirements of PLC program, PLC program output signal input to the input module, instead of PLC original photoelectric signal input signal. The program diagram shown in figure 6.ConclusionPhotoelectric detection device is itself by electronic components, it is certain to installation environment of technical requirements, especially in a bad environment, should take corresponding measures to protect the photoelectric detection device to make the product requirements in the work condition, can play the technical characteristics of the device. Otherwise, the service life of photoelectric detection device and reliability of work may be subjected to the influence of different level. Combination of photoelectric detection device in the production process control in the application practice, the design of control system, Using photoelectric detection device is an important signal as the control signal, photoelectric device to avoid sudden damage or work environment temperature, unstable (large, mechanical vibration, humidity etc) and external touch other equipment accidents. In the application of PLC program control system suitable for process control of reality, to overcome the monitor or interfere with the system adopts photoelectric device for the existence of various defects, is to improve the reliability of the system is effective.光电编码器的特性及应用光电编码器的工作原理光电编码器，是一种通过光电转换将输出轴上的机械几何位移量转换成脉冲或数字量的传感器。