XXXX考研1号考研英语语法10天速成电子教材

XXXX考研1号考研英语语法10天速成电子教

材

定语从句（上）

一、定语从句的概念什么是定语从句？

例: A rich person is not the one who has the most, but is the one who needs the least.

用来修饰前面的名词或者代词的具有完整的主谓结构的句子就叫着定语从句。有两个必备的差不多元素。一个是先行词；一个是关系词。

1.名词或代词做先行词。

例：He laughs best who laughs last.

2.短语做先行词。Many of life’s problems which were solved by as king family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of t he extended family to resolve.

3.用句子做先行词。The Greeks assumed that the structure of languag

e had some connection with the process o

f thought, which took root in E urope lon

g before people realized how diverse languages could be.

I am a student which you all know.

当先行词与关系词被割裂时是如何表现的。如：Today, stepladders car ry labels several inches long that warn, among other things, that you mig ht -- surprise! -- fall off.

找先行词的方法。反证法。把它带到里面去。哪一个是通顺的，哪一个确实是先行词。

翻译定语从句。

结合先行词的结构特点和位置特点在关系词之前查找与定语从句的意思的有逻辑关系相符合的词。

定语从句（下）

二、定语从句里面的关系代词的用法。

1.常用的关系代词：which, that, who, whom。Whom现在用的专门少。前面有介词只能用which，不能用that。

2. 关系代词在考试中的专门情形。

What:1)它是子母同体。相当于一个关系代词以及一个先行词。What 前面不应该在显现先行词。如果前面差不多偶一个关系词，就不能用wha t来引导。例如：You can have everything what you like. what=all that,因此这儿不能用what.

All---is a continuous supplying of the basic necessities of life

what is the need

the things need

for our needs

that is need

2)what单独使用，后面不加名词。

例如：She is not what she used to be.

3)what 后面加名词

例如：What money I have has been given to you.

1997年考题：______he knows about it is out of date and in accurat e

What little

So much

How much

So little

as

like

作为

when

引导定语从句。即可引导限制性定语从句，也能够引导非限制性定语从句。引导限制性定语从句一样式固定用法。如as…as, such…as as引导非限制性定语从句

例如：I was a boy which you know. which能够用as替换。

As is so often pointed out knowledge is a two edge weapon which can be used equally for good or evil.

as引导限制性定语从句

考试中往往考固定搭配。

例如：Such a student as works hard were be sure to succeed.

than 作为关系代词能够引导定语从句

More families consist of one parent households or two working paren ts; consequently, children are likely to have less supervision at home ___ _ was common in the traditional family structure .

A.than

B.that

C.which

D.as

特点：

than作为关系代词引导词在从句中一样必须做主语或者作宾语。

than 前面的主句必须要有比较级

比较级所修饰的名词确实是than指代的对象

三、关系副词

When引导的定语从句。

1)先行词必须是表示时刻的名词。

Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries bega n holding more companies liable for their customers’misfortunes.

2)如何区分when引导的定语从句和状语从句。用句子表示状语确实是状语从句。例如：When I go to school, I will work hard.

从两方面区分：

When 引导的定语从句前一定有表示时刻的名词；When 引导的状语语从句前没有有表示时刻的名词。

从翻译的角度看如果是引导的定语从句能够不翻译。如果是状语从句就必须翻译成当……时候。

When=on which

Where

where=in which