高中定语从句复习
《非限制性定语从句》课件-2025届高中英语高考一轮复习
cutting works closely, but you can create art works of your own, which
__o_ff_e_rs__a_g_o_o_d__o_p_p_o_rt_u_n_it_y_t_o_l_e_a_rn__C_h_i_n_e_se__c_u_lt_u_r_e_____________.
2. _A_s__is__ex_p_e_c_t_e_d___, we can enjoy a long national day holiday.
3. _A__s_w_e__a_ll_k_n_o_w___, helping others will meanwhile bring yourself happiness .
4. _A_s__th_e__sa_y_i_n_g_g_o_e_s, there is no such thing as a free lunch.
as we all know,…… / as is known to all, …. as you can see / imagine, …… as is often the case (with sb / sth), …… as is already mentioned / said above,…… as we expected / as is expected, …… as the saying goes,…
从。 4. 介词+which / whom引导的非限制性定语从句。 5. 名词/ 代词+ of + which / whom 引导的非限制性定语从句。
高中英语语法：定语从句精华知识点复习
定语从句在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
一、关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种（一）关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that，as等。
它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
What was the name of the man who lent you the money？借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词the man）He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。
（定语从句修饰先行词he）The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my right.会议主席坐在我右边，他先发言。
（定语从句修饰先行词the chairman）2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
在口语或非正式文体中，whom可省略或可用who来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。
There are some people (whom/who)we like and others (whom/who) we dislike.有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。
（定语从句分别修饰先行词people, others）The people whom I work with are all friendly.和我一起工作的人都很友好。
（定语从句修饰先行词the people,介词后）Mr Carter, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan.昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。
高中语法复习：定语从句考点易错点归纳
语法复习：定语从句考点易错点归纳考点一：关系代词的用法1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：1)The girl who/that is holding a pink umbrella is Jim’s sister.2)I like the novel Gone with the Wind very much, which is popular with readers all over the world.①形式上：非限制性定语从句和主句之间用逗号隔开，不能用that引导。
②作用上：限制性定语从句与主句关系密切，对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。
非限制性定语从句与主句关系不密切，对主句起补充说明作用，去掉从句，意思仍然完整。
2.先行词+who/whom引导的定语从句：1)Most students like the teachers _________ can understand them.2)The professor ____________________they want to visit is president of the university.3)Anyone __________laughs last laughs best.4)Do you know the woman with ____________ my manager talked just now?①who在定语从句中作什么成分？②whom在定语从句中作什么成分？③who/whom什么时候可以省略？④什么时候只能用whom⑤先行词为指人的one, ones, anyone, those 时，关系代词常用who。
3.先行词+whose引导的定语从句：1)The prize will go to the writer whose story shows the most imagination.2)The school shop, whose customers are mainly students , is closed for the holiday.①whose :“…的”，其后紧跟______词，在定语从句中作________。
定语从句专题复习导学案高中英语
定语从句专题复习导学案Step 1 Lead in: Enjoy a song用括号括出歌词的定语从句，用横线画出先行词She is the one that you never forget.She is the heavensent angle who you met.She must be the reason why God made a girl.Step 2 Presentation1. 回顾定语从句相关概念定语从句是用来修饰的从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词称为，引导定语从句的词称为关系词，关系词分为和。
3. 定语从句解题步骤一括：二定：三缺：四选：4. 用（）把定语从句括起来，用横线画出先行词:1. Mulan is a popular film which is based on the Chinese Ballad of Mulan.2. Frozen is a film that is produced by Disney.Step 3 Practice1.Listen to a song and choose the right relative words.听歌选择正确的关系词。
I don’t know the reason you are leaving.I don’t know the time you are here.I can’t forget the river you often swimand the valley you often walk.where where when why2. 消消乐单句语法填空：用适当的关系词填空。
(1) Qinzhou is a city has many tourist attractions.(2) Qinzhou is a city natural scenery is unique and impressive.(3) Pig feet noodles are a famous dish the local people like to taste.(4) Qinzhou is really a city you can experience the beauty.3. 语篇填空:填入正确的关系词Our class 13 is a big family consists of 28 girls and 29 boys, most of are mainly from different places. Our monitor is a kindhearted girl,is always ready to help others. She is a good girl we all like. The reason we love our class is that our classmates are very helpful and friendly.4.观察句子，填入关系词1.This is the very dictionary I want to buy.2.Tell me everything you know.3.The first thing we should do is to help him.4.Who is the man is standing by the gate?5.This is the best film I have ever seen.6.Look at the man and his donkey are walking up the street.只能用that，不用which情况：1.2.3.4.5.6.不能用that的两种情况：1.2.Step 4 Production：定语从句助力写作用定语从句补全下列的句子。
高考英语语法复习-定语从句学案
英语教案【高中】年级：高一学生姓名：______教师姓名：______定语从句一、概念：修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句(Attributive Clause）The man（who lives next to us ）sells vegetable.You must do everything（that I can do）.二、要点：跟定语从句相关的最关键的最两个词：①先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
②关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词：who/whom (指代人), which（指代物），that（指代人/物），as, whose等关系词的分类:关系副词：when （指代时间），where (指代地点)，why (指代原因)1. 引导定语从句关系词的功能: 2. 代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个句法成分解题步骤总结：1、找出先行词，划出定语从句2、判断选择关系代词还是关系副词,（缺主、宾、表语用关系代词，不缺成分用关系副词）3、根据语境选择合适的关系词三、基础知识学习：I. 关系代词that, which, who(whom)引导的定语从句先行词在从句中作主语：A doctor is a person who / that looks after people’s health.先行词在从句中作宾语：Mr White invited many friends to his party (who / whom / that) he respected much.关系代词前有介词：Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend.先行词在从句中作主语：The river which / that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure.先行词在从句中作宾语：The book (which / that) you just laid on the shelf is mine.关系代词前有介词：Here is the money with which I will buy a piano.总结：⑴关系代词中在从句中充当主语的是which、that、who且在句中不可以省略。
【课件】高中英语衔接语法复习：定语从句课件
（关系代词代指整个主句内容时）
贰 定语从句结构划分
先行词
被定语从句修饰的词（组）叫做先行词
关系词
引导定语从句的词称为关系词， 关系词指代先行词并在定语从句中充当一定的成分
定语从句位置 通常位于它所修饰的词（组）之后
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
肆 重点提升
重点一：如何选择关系代词与关系副词
关系代词和关系副词的选择，取决于先行词的关系词在从句中充当
的成分，如果作状语那么就选择关系副词，如果不充当状语，则选
择关系代词。
The house
where he lives which/that he lives in
needs repairing.
I have a friend who is named Jhon.
先行词 关系词 （作主语） 定语从句
定语从句
He always remember the day when his father returned from America.
先行词 关系词 （作状语）
叁 关系词的作用与选择
关系词的作用
语
系表 动语 词
分类
我 喜欢 小猫 。 I like cats .
范 围 缩
限制性定语从句
小
我 喜欢 丑丑的 小猫 。
I like the cats which are ugly .
限制性定语从句
定
约翰 拥抱了 那个爱他的 妈妈。
语
Jhon hugged mom who loves him.
从
高中语法复习 定语从句基础知识总结
高中语法复习一定语从句基础知识总结什么是定语从句？定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”引导定语从句的词叫“引导词”有几种定语从句？The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句引导定语从句的关系词指代事物which,that 充当主语和宾语指代人who,whom,that who主语,口语中可当宾语;whom宾;that主,宾所属关系whose 充当定语指时间when 时间状语指地点where 地点状语指原因why 原因状语定语从句考点归纳1which与that2如何判断介词3whose的使用4as的使用5when,where,why与that, which的区别6定语从句中的动词的数练习一. Prectice;correct the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.练习二that与which1.Nothing ______ can be done has been done.2.Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand ?（先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，用that）1.This is the best TV _______ is made in China.2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum.（先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that）I’ve read all the books ________ you l ent me.（先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that）1.The famous writer and his works _____ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.2.A victim is a person, animal or thing ______ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.（先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that）1.Her bag ,in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.2.This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang ,with ________ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.（Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that）练习三如何判断介词根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.注意：动词短语不能拆开，即介词不能提前（介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom）This is the book_____ which you askedThe old man whom I am looking after is better练习四when, where, why 与that,which 的区分１）I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park.２）I’ll never forget the time ________________ I spent with you.３）I’ll never forget the time _____________ was spent with you.４）This is the museum _______________I visited last year .5 This is the reason ___________( = for which ) I didn’t come here.6 The reason __________ she gave was not true.指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句练习五定语从句中的动词的数He is the only one in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praiseHe is one of the students in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise（关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词）练习六as 的使用The earth is round,___ we all know.___ is known to all, the earth is round___ is known to all that the earth is round.定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的This is the same book ____ I lost .This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.It is very useful to master a foreign language,_____ has been said before___ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。
高中英语《定语从句》复习公开课课件
The company_w_h__e_re__ I worked last year is very famous.
The company is very famous.
I worked there last year. 关系词在从句中做状语
The company(t_h_a_t_/_w_hich) I visited last year is very famous.
关系词在从句中做宾语
The company_w__h_e_r_e_ I worked last year is very famous.
The company is very famous.
I worked in the company last year.
关系词在从句中做介词 宾语
The company(t_h_a_t_/_w_hich)I visited last year is very famous.
关系词在从句中做状语
I will never forget the day_(t_h_a_t_/_w_hich) I spent with you.
I will never forget the day.
关系词在从句中做宾语
We first met each other on that day.
• 从他们结婚那一年以来，我就再也没见过他们。 • 学到老，活到老。 • 那位老妇人在他儿子到的那天去世了。
I will never gorget the day_(t_h_a_t_/w__hich) I spent with you.
I will never forget the day.
关系词在从句中做宾语
高中英语语法定语从句总复习
高中英语语法定语从句总复习一、关系带词引导的定语从句二、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。
关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
三、英语定语从句专项练习（一）用合适的关系词填空1.He talked about the teachers and schools ________ he had visited.2.This is the man _________ I saw last night.3. I shall remember the days _______ we studied together.4.That is the hotel _________ we stayed last year.5.The reason __________ I’m writing is to tell you about a party on Saturday.6.This is one of the books ________ has ever been written .7 .The comrade _________ you spoke to is a model worker.8.The sun heats the earth, __________ is very important to living things.9.He met my brother ,from ________ he got the news of my marriage .10.Do you remember the name of the company _________ he works at ?11.The last place _______ we visited was the Science museum.12 .All _______ you have to do is to press the button.13. Her opinion is the same _________ her brother’s.14. Don’t talk about such things ___________ you don’t understand.15. ________ we all know, paper was first made in China.16. Peter lives in the room __________ window opens to the south .17. She heard a terrible noise, _________ brought her heart into her mouth.18, September 18, 1931 is the day ______ we’ll never forget.19. The only language __________ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.20. A child ________ parents are dead is called an orphan.21. Is this museum the one _________ they visited last night ?22. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone __________ family was poor.24. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.25. I will never forget the day _________ we spent together.(二) 介词+关系代词专项练一、根据句意填入空白处相应的介词+关系代词：1. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ________ he could see what was happening inside the house.2. The age ________ children can go to school is seven.3. Do you know the building ________ is flying a red flag.4. The dog, ________ she used to be afraid, is her favourite animal now.5. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. ________ time many peoplehave gone home.6. The speed ________ Tom drives his car is too high.7. Tom is the boy ________ I went to the cinema together.8. The stories about Lei Feng, ________ this is one example, are well written.9. The two things ________ Marx was not too sure were grammar and some of idioms.二、句型转换(每空限填一词)：1. They live in a house, whose windows are made of glass.They live in a house, ________ ________ ________ ________ are made of glass.2. He has two daughters, and both of them are college students.He has two daughters, ________ ________ ________ are college students.3. China has hundreds of islands, the largest of which is Tai Wan.China has hundreds of islands, ________ ________ the largest is Tai Wan.4. Can you think of a situation where this word is used?Can you think of a situation ________ ________ this word is used?5. China has a lot of famous writers and Lu Xun is one of them.China has a lot of famous writers, one ________ ________ is Lu Xun.6. This was the real reason why he was late for yesterday's meeting.This was the real reason ________ ________ he was late for yesterday's meeting.7. Can you tell me the way that the machine works?Can you tell me the way ________ ________ the machine works?8. This kind of colorless gas is called oxygen. We can't live without it.This kind of colorless gas ________ ________ we can't live is called oxygen.9. The person you should send this letter to is Mr. Ball.The person ________ ________ you should send this letter is Mr. Ball.10. There was a time in history when black slaves could be bought and sold in America.There was a time in history ________ ________ black slaves could be bought and sold in America.语法填空（一）The Internet has become part of young people’s life. __1___ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get __2__ (use) information on the Internet __3_ us e the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don’t use it _4__a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites __5__shouldn’t look at. So bad things may happen __6__students spend too much time on the Internet.___7_is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, __8____ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful __9________(advise).Some students also make friends on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face _10__(meet) with your online friends, let your parents know and meet in a proper place.（二）When you read a story in English, do you read it for the story 1 for the English? This is a question 2 is not so 3 (fool)as it may seem, for I find that many students of English pay far more attention to the story than to the English. For instance, they care for how the mystery in the story 4 (solve), but do not remember a single sentence in the story and cannot tell what preposition is used before a certain word in the speech of a certain character.Of course, if you want to know the story only, you need not bother 5 the language. But a student of English is different 6 a student of stories or 7 is called the general reader. As you may also have learned from the above, you ought to read not only very carefully but also aloud 8 you learn the passage by heart and can recite it as if it 9 (be) your own. On 10 hand, this will teach you many useful words and phrases; on the other hand, it will help you to avoid many errors and faults in expression.（三）Shyness is the cause of much ___1__( happy) for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are over concerned __2___their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts___3__(occur) in their minds constantly: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious __4_such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. Adperson’s self-concept is reflected 5 the way_he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. In general, the way people think about _6__has a deep affect on all areas of their lives. Shy people ,have low self-esteem(自尊),are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism, __7_ makes them feel inferior(自卑).They also find__8_difficult to be pleased by praises ____9__they believe they are unworthy of praise .A shy person m ay respond to a praise with a statement like this one:”You’re just saying that ___10__(make)me feel good .I know it's not true.” It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.阅读理解For years , many people would not believe that smoke could attack so many parts of the body in so many ways . Study shows , however , that tobacco isn't one single thing . At least 60% of it is gas—20 different kinds of gas . And one of these is the deadly carbon monoxide (CO) （一氧化碳）.In factories , the amount of this gas in the air is measured , and it must be kept under fixed , safe level . But there is 640 times this safe amount in cigarette smoke .Oxygen is carried through your body by the red blood cells . But this poison gas , CO, will get to the blood cells before the oxygen can . So , if you smoke your blood carries five to ten times more of this deadly gas than is normal . To make up for this , your body must make more red cells .The oxygen in your blood passes into your tissues（组织）. But here again CO makes trouble . It keeps the oxygen from passing into your tissues as fast as it should . Because of this , cigarette country is always about 8000 feet above sea level . Someone who smokes and lives at sea level gets as little oxygen as a nonsmoker at an altitude（高度）of nearly two miles .This happens to everyone who smokes , no matter how old or how young . Anyone who competes in sports can tell you that those who smoke run out of breath more quickly than those who do not .1．The gas amount in cigarette smoke is .A．640 times higher than the gas safe levels in factoriesB．640 times lower than the gas safe levels in factoriesC．640 times as much as that in factoriesD．as dangerous as that in factories2．If you smoke , .A．your blood carries more oxygen than is normalB．your blood carries much more CO than is normalC．you can have five to ten times of blood than usualD．your blood will be poisonous3．Those who smoke ____________.A．all live at sea levelB．don't live at an altitude of two milesC．breathe as much oxygen as non-smokersD．only get the same amount of oxygen at the sea level as non-smokers at an altitude of nearly 2 miles4．Smokers are .A．easily hurt B．easily excited C．easily tired D．healthy（一）略(二)介词+关系代词专项练Key:一、1. through which 2. at which 3. over which 4. of which 5. by which 6. at which 7. with whom 8. of which 9. about/of which二、1. the windows of which 2. both of whom 3. of which 4. in which 5. of whom 6. for which 7. in which 8. without which 9. to whom 10. during which语法填空(1) 1. A 2. useful 3. and 4. in 5. they 6. if 7. It 8. which9. advice 10. meeting(2) 1. or 2. that 3. foolish 4. is solved 5. about 6. from 7. what8. till 9. were 10. one（3）1. unhappiness 2. with 3. are occurring 4. that 5 . in 6. themselves7. which 8. it 9. because 10. to make阅读理解：CBDC（一）略(二)介词+关系代词专项练Key:一、1. through which 2. at which 3. over which 4. of which 5. by which 6. at which 7. with whom 8. of which 9. about/of which二、1. the windows of which 2. both of whom 3. of which 4. in which 5. of whom 6. for which 7. in which 8. without which 9. to whom 10. during which语法填空(1) 1. A 2. useful 3. and 4. in 5. they 6. if 7. It 8. which9. advice 10. meeting(2) 1. or 2. that 3. foolish 4. is solved 5. about 6. from 7. what8. till 9. were 10. one（3）1. unhappiness 2. with 3. are occurring 4. that 5 . in 6. themselves7. which 8. it 9. because 10. to make阅读理解：CBDC。
高中英语语法复习专题讲解-定语从句
高中英语语法复习专题讲解-定语从句一、定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
二、定语从句的种类以及区别定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，现将它们之间的用法及区别列表如下限制性：她有两个当解放军的儿子。
非限制性：她有两个儿子，他们都是解放军。
She has two sons，三、关系代词的用法区分1.修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分•只能使用that的情况：（1）当先行词即有人又有物时。
eg. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.（2）当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。
eg. This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.（3）当先行词所在句子含疑问词who，which时。
eg. Which is the book that you bought yesterday？（4）当先行词被the very, the right, the next, the only 等强调词修饰时。
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- 1 - 高中 定语从句复习 一（关系代词） 昆三中 陈维金 预备知识： 英语的基本成分有下面这几种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）和状语(adverbial)，补语（complement）。 下面介绍三种句型： 一、主 +系 +表 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner │smells │good. 3. They │are │ students. 3. Everything │looks │different. 5. His face │turned │red. 二、主 +谓（不及物动词Vi.） 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 1. I │run fast. 2. He │ laughed happily. 3. You │jump. 三、主 +谓(及物动词Vt) +宾 此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。 1. I │love │you. 2. He │enjoys │reading. 3. He │said │"Good morning." 4. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 5. He │thinks │that she is beautiful. 5. I │visit │Kunming.
一、定义： 定语： She is a beautiful teacher. --_____________________________ This is a big house.--_________________________________________ 定语从句： The English teacher is handsome. The English teacher teaches well. The English teacher (who/that) is handsome teaches well. 定语从句：在复合句中，修饰或限定某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（定语部分由一个句子构成，这个句子叫定语从句） The English teacher (who/that) is handsome teaches well. ( ) [ ( ) ]
Kunming is the city (which/that) is called Spring City. ( ) [( ) ] 先行词：主句中被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词、关系副词： 关系代词：who, whom，whose, which, that , as - 2 -
关系副词：when, where，why 关系代词有三个作用： 1. 连接作用：引导从句，和主句相连； 2. 替代作用：在从句中替代被从句所修饰的先行词； 3. 在从句中充当成分：作主语、宾语、(表语)、定语。
二、关系代词的基本运用。 先行词为物，在从句中作主语，关系代词用that, which 先行词为人，在从句中作主语，关系代词用that， who 先行词为物，在从句中作宾语，关系代词用that，which，省略 先行词为人，在从句中作宾语，关系代词用that， whom, who, 省略
1. This is the car _____ ____ he bought last year. 2. I’m not interested in the book _____ ____is on the desk. 3. The apple ____ ____is red is small. 4. Do you know the man ____________spoke just now? 5. I know the man ____________ we saw at the Beijing Hotel. 注意：当关系代词作宾语时常常可省略，而作主语时则不能省略。
当先行词和关系代词后面的名词有所属关系时 Whose+名词 = ，the +名词+ of + which/whom = ，of which/whom+ the+ 名词 I know the girl. The girl’s mother is a teacher. I have a room. The window of the room faces south.
练习：1) I’m painting a house, the roof ____________ is round. = I’m painting a house __________ roof is round. = I’m painting a house， __________ the roof is round. 2) They live in a house, __________ windows face south. =They live in a house, the windows ____________ face south = They live in a house, ____________ the windows face south 用关系代词（that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose） 1．This is the man _______________ wants to see you. 2．The student __________________ answered the question is Zhang Hua. 3．The man _________________ you went to see has come. 4．The man __________________I met yesterday lent me some money. 5．The woman ______________________ you saw is our geography teacher. 6．Here is the pen ________________ you lost the day before yesterday. 7．These books ____________________ you lent me were very useful. 8．A clock is a machine __________________ tells people the time. 9．This is the shirt ______________________I bought yesterday. 10．The book ___________________ is on the table is mine. 11．The film ___________________ they are talking about is very interesting. 12. The boy _______________ you shouted at is naughty. 13. Mary is the girl________________ they played with.
I know the girl ________ mother is a teacher. I have a room ________window faces south. - 3 -
14．The boy_____________ father is a teacher is good at English. 15．Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer. ★三、特殊情况： 1、只能用that
★(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时. I am sure she has something __________ you can borrow. Do you have anything ___________ you don’t understand?
★(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时. I’ve read all the books ___________ you lend me. Please send us any information ___________ you have about the subject.
★(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰. This is the first book __________ he has read. It is the most beautiful city ___________ I’ve ever seen.
★(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时 This is the very book __________ belongs to him. He is the only person __________ was present at the time.
★(5)先行词既有人又有物时. The famous writer and his works _______ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.
★(6) 在以疑问词who/which开头的句子中. Who is the girl _________ drove the car?
★(7) 关系代词在从句中作表语时, 用that, 不用who. She is not the girl that she used to be. 2、只用which不用that的情况 (1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）. There are many trees (under___________) they can have a rest. This is the ring (on ____________) she spent 1000 dollars. (2) 在非限制性定语从句中. Football, ____________ is a very popular game, is played all over the world. 补充：限制性定语从句 与 非限制性定语从句 差异比较 限制定语从句紧跟先行词，引导词同先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。 去掉非限制性定语从句，主句的意思仍然完整。但限制性定语从句去掉后，意思表达不清楚。 3、只用who的情况 (1). 当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时一般用who, 不用that。 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. One ______ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth. The ones _______ laugh at the disabled are not good students. Anyone ________ fails to finish the task should be punished. Those _________ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here. (2). 当先行词是I, you, he, they等时（多用于谚语中）。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. I, who ________ your classmate, will share the work with you.