2018-2019学年高中一轮复习英语北师大版习题：必修四 Unit 11 单元检测B阅读理解提速练 含答案 精品

Unit 11 单元检测B——阅读理解提速练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When I was in the fifth grade and Mr. Gardner asked a question, my hand would shoot up with great enthusiasm. After giving me a few chances, he would try to give other students a chance. My hand, though, would remain in the air, and after some time, I'd start waving it around. Then, there was the time when I entered drumming classes. But all we were allowed to do in the first class was practise one beat over and over again. I never went back. I would have done terribly in the Stanford Marshmallow (果浆软糖) Experiment. In this classic study, researchers gave children a choice between one marshmallow right away and two later. The results showed that those who could wait 15 minutes ended up scoring 210 points higher on the SAT, an examination that American high school students take before they go to college. So clearly, delaying gratification or bearing up under pain has its benefits. It needs patience. Patience keeps us from being stuck to ideas formed previously, and helps us let go of our strong interest in outcomes. We come to accept that we don't always or immediately know what is best, and learn to recognize that our reality is in constant changes. Patience improves our understanding of deeper truths and helps us expand our views. The journey of patience is rooted in knowing that our present reality will finally give way to changes. But changes won't always happen when we think they should, and patience with ourselves comes from accepting that there are things we can control and things we can't. And though we must make great efforts to keep pushing the boundaries of our awareness and to improve our ability to rest comfortably in the present moment, how fast we develop isn't up to us. That same fifth grader who couldn't wait to speak out answers now sees the importance of meeting questions with a heart of patience. 语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。作者结合自己的经历说明了耐心的重要性。 1．Why did the author wave his hand in class? A．To entertain himself. B．To show his impatience. C．To give other students a chance. D．To let others know he was clever. 解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者不停地挥舞手臂是因为举了一段时间手后，老师还不让他回答问题，他这样做是因为不耐烦了。 2．What's the purpose of the Stanford Marshmallow Experiment? A．To test children's concentration levels. B．To test how children like marshmallows. C．To test patience and its potential advantages. D．To test the bond between patience and desire. 解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The results showed that those who could wait 15 minutes ended up scoring 210 points higher on the SAT, an examination that American high school students take before they go to college”可知，这个果浆软糖实验的目的是为了测试耐心在孩子们的后期智力发展中可能存在的优势。 3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “gratification” in Paragraph 3? A．Progress. B．Patience. C．Judgement. D．Satisfaction. 解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据该词前的delaying可知，该词的意思与第二段中的“In this classic study, researchers gave children a choice between one marshmallow right away and two later”有关，根据该句可知，延迟的是满足感，故gratification的意思与satisfaction相近。 4．What is the main reason for people to have patience according to the text? A．Present reality. B．Constant changes. C．A lack of self­control. D．A strong interest in outcomes. 解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“learn to recognize that our reality is in constant changes”和倒数第二段中的“The journey of patience is rooted in knowing that our present reality will finally give way to changes”可知，不断变化是我们需要有耐心的原因。 B If your parents were to surprise you with a present on your birthday, which one would you prefer, a trip to the amusement park or a new pair of shoes? According to Science Daily, about one­third of the people are likely to prefer shoes to a fun trip. These people are called“materialists”， namely, those who value material goods more than experiences. But which of the two choices makes people happier? Back in 2009, Ryan Howell, a professor at San Francisco State University, found that in the long run, experiences make people happier than possessions. This is because the joy of receiving a new object fades over time as you get used to seeing it every day. Experiences, on the other hand, can continue to bring you joy in the future through happy memories. But materialists should at least be happy when they first buy something, shouldn't they? To figure it out, Howell did another study. He classified a group of adults according to their personality types, ranging from less materialistic to more materialistic. Each person was asked different questions to see how they felt about spending money on material goods versus spending money on experiences. As expected, the more materialistic participants got less happiness from purchases than the less materialistic, because such purchases didn't fit with their personalities and values. But to Howell's surprise, he found that materialists weren't any happier even if they spent money on material items. This is because materialists worry that others may criticize or look down on their choices. “There are certain value systems that are rejected by society，” said Howell. “When we find out someone is materialistic, we think less of them, and that drives their happiness down.” Another reason is that materialistic people always focus on what they don't have instead of what they have now. This makes them feel less satisfied and grateful. If you happen to be a materialistic person, there's something you can try. “If materialists make more accurate purchases, rather than trying to impress others, they will be happier，” Howell said. You should also remember what an ancient Greek philosopher once said, “Do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not; remember what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，作者通过引用Ryan Howell的研究结果证实经历比有形物质更能给人带来快乐。 5．What did Ryan Howell find in his studies? A．Material goods bring people less happiness than experiences. B．About one­third of the people prefer material goods to experiences.