中考翻译必备和翻译方法

中考英语翻译分析及解决方案

长沙中考翻译考点分析：

英语翻译主要对学生词汇，短语，句子基本成分和结构，以及句子类型的综合考察。要求学生加强教材中常见短语的记忆和运用，同时要了解常见副词和副词短语在句子中的基本位置（如：always, sometimes, often, already, usually, all the time等），同时还有各种状语的位置和正常翻译顺序，并且经常考察学生对状语从句、宾语从句的掌握。其中中译英2题，英译中3题，共计10分。

如何准备中考翻译：

针对上述考点，学生应从以下几方面做好充分准备：

1.掌握教材中的必认读写词汇。

2.熟练运用教材词汇表中的短语，同时加强介词短语的记忆。

3.掌握句子的基本结构和成分以及各种成分所包含的内容和句子中所放位置。

4.掌握状语从句的基本连词和宾语从句最简单写法。状语从句主要包括：条件状语从句（if, unless), 时间状语从句（when, not...until, as soon as), 结果状语从句（so...that, in order to do/so as to do sth表目的), 让步状语从句（although), 原因状语从句（because+句子，because of +名词/动名词)。

5.加强翻译练习：考试不会脱离教材，学生可把教材中的句子反复翻译，找出教材翻译和自己翻译的不同点，加强印象。

中译英解决方案

中译英必备句型：

1.It is+形容词/名词(pity/ shame/ a waste of time) +(for sb) to do sth. 做某事（对某人）怎么样。

2. Sb find/think it +形容词+ to do sth. 某人认为/觉得做某事怎么样。

3. It takes/took sb +时间+ to do sth. 某人做某事花了多长时间。

4. Sb have trouble/difficulty in doing sth. 某人在做某事上有麻烦或难处。

5. Too+形容词/副词+ to do sth. 太...而不能...

(11长沙）你还太小不懂真爱。You are too young to know true love.

6.You had better do sth. 你最好做...

7.Sb would like to do sth rather than do sth. 比起...某人更喜欢做...

Jack would like to play football rather than go swim this afternoon.

8.Not only...，but also... 不仅...，而且...

Lucy can not only play piano well, but also sing beautifully.

9.The +比较级...，the+比较级... 越....，越....

The harder we study, the better grades we will get.

10.One of the +最高级in the world/ in our class. 什么里面最...

常用短语：

1.One(数词）/some/none/neither/either/most/the rest +of +名词，表示“...中的...”

2.A number of/ hundreds of/ a few/few/ a great many of+名词复数, 表示“一些”

3.A little/ little +不可数名词

4.Some/a lot of/ lots of+名词复数/不可数名词

5.Yesterday (昨天), yesterday morning/afternoon/ evening(昨天早上/下午/晚上），last night (昨晚）以上前面不需要介词

6.today(今天），this morning/ afternoon/ evening(今天早上/下午/傍晚），tonight(今晚），前面也不需要介词

7.tomorrow(明天），tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening/night 明天......，前面也不需要介词

st+week/weekend/month/year 上周(末)/上个月/去年前面不需要介词

9.... ago, 表示“....以前”three years ago.

10.表示频率：once/twice/ three times a day/week/month/year 前面不需要介词

11.具体时刻用at，如：at eight last night. 昨晚八点，具体到天或者某天的早上、下午、晚上用on, 如：on a rainy night 在一个下雨的晚上，on Tuesday evening. 在周二晚上。在月份和年前用in, 如：in August, 2015. (在2015年八月），in 2005(在2005年）

12.表地点：at+home/the airport/ school. 在家/机场/学校

In+大地点(the hospital/Hunan province/ China/ a city/ a village)

（其他短语见12版人教版重点短语和句型精编）

常见介词的基本用法：

“和...” talk with / communicate with/ fight with/share sth with sb.

“用工具”with a knife(用一把刀),

1.with的用法：“带着”the man with a hat，He went out with a red face.

“随着”with the development of science (随着科学的发展）

with the time going on. 随着时间的推移

+时间月/年in the morning/afternoon/ evening in+时间段用在过去时表示“在

..之内），用于将来时表示“在一段时间之后”。

“用语言/方式” in English/Chinese in this way(通过这种方式）

2.In的用法：“在...里面” in China, in the dinning room

“在...方面” be interested in, do well in, spend...in doing, have trouble in doing,

be weak in...

+时间具体时刻at night, at eight last night, at this time, at that moment, at the age of

At the beginning/end of

3.at的用法：+小地点：at school/ home/the airport, call at +地方(拜访某地），at the top of sth.

“朝向” shout at/laugh at sb/point at 有敌意...

其他：be good at, look at, at last, at least(至少)，at first 首先，knock at

“大约” about 100 meters.

“关于” I wrote a book about his childhood. They had a talk about the plan.

4. About的用法其他think about sth, hear about (听说), talk about sth (讨论...), care about (关心）

worry about...(担心）be sure about sb. (确定...)

“乘坐”by bus/ air/ bike/car/ship

“在..时间之前” by now, by the end of+周/月/年

5.by的用法：“用...方式” His mother taught his son by telling stories. 一般+V-ing 短语.

+时间，具体到天或者某天的早上、下午、晚上on a hot day/ on weekends

6. On的用法：“在...表面”on the desk, on the wall

其他：go on to do/ doing..., on a holiday/vocation, spend...on sth, from now on, depend On, live on sth (靠...活着). Get on well with ...，on purpose 故意地

“从，来自+地方/人” come from China. I borrow this book from Jack.

Learn from sb/sth (从...学到）