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附件12 河南财经政法大学成功学院本科生毕业论文

An Analysis of Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter

浅析《红字》中象征主义手法的运用

院系名称 外语系 姓 名 [在此处键入作者姓名] 学 号 [在此处键入学号] 专 业 英语 指导教师 [在此处键入指导教师姓名和职称]

2011年4月29日 An Analysis of Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter

A Thesis Submitted to Foreign Languages Department of Henan University of Economics and Law in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts

By XXX Supervisor: XXX April 29, 2011 i

Abstract Nathaniel Hawthorne is a great romantic novelist in America in the 19th century. As a great romantic novelist, Hawthorne is outstanding in handling application of symbolism. The Scarlet Letter is Hawthorne's most important symbolic novel, …… The Scarlet Letter.

Key Words: the scarlet letter；symbolism；Hester Prynne；Pearl

（在正文之前使用罗马数字页码） ii

摘 要 纳撒尼尔·霍桑是十九世纪美国伟大的浪漫主义小说家。作为一位伟大的浪漫主义小说家,霍桑对象征主义手法的运用可以说是独具匠心。 长篇小说《红字》是霍桑重要的象征主义代表作品，无疑也是美国文学浪漫主义时期最著名的作品之一。也正是这部巨著使得霍桑誉满全球。在这部作品中，作者巧妙运用了象征主义手法，……，探究作者在小说《红字》中对象征主义手法的巧妙运用。

关键词: 红字；象征；海丝特·普琳；珍珠 iii

Acknowledgements This thesis is the product of the author and the supervisor's three months of efforts. It has been repeatedly revised under the guidance of Professor XXX. It was the joint efforts of both the author and the teachers in Foreign Languages Department. I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to Professor XXX and the teachers who have helped the author in the process of the thesis writing. I will also give my thanks to my classmates and friends who have helped me revise the thesis. Last but not least, I will give my heartfelt thanks to my parents who have been always supporting and encouraging me. iv

Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1 Various Symbolic Meanings of the Scarlet Letter “A” .......................................... 2 1.1 The Change of the Symbolic Meanings of the Scarlet Letter “A”....................... 2 1.1.1 Adultery......................................................................................................... 3 1.1.2 Alone and Alienation..................................................................................... 3 1.1.3 Able, Admirable and Angel ........................................................................... 3 1.2 The Scarlet Letter and the Strictness of Puritan Society ...................................... 3 2 The Symbolic Meaning of the Four Main Characters ........................................... 4 2.1 Hester Prynne ....................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Arthur Dimmesdale .............................................................................................. 5 2.3 Roger Chillingworth ............................................................................................ 6 2.4 Pearl ..................................................................................................................... 6 3 The Symbolic Meanings of the Objects in the Novel ............................................. 6 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 6 Bibliography ................................................................................................................. 8

（一级标题加粗，二级标题不加粗） 1

Introduction Nathaniel Hawthorne was born in Salem in 1804. He was born in a prestigious New England family closely related with Puritan church; his ancestors attended the persecution of people belonging to different churches, such as Quakers. …… Hawthorne's masterpiece includes his short story collections: Twice-Told Tales; Moses from an Old Manse and novels: The Scarlet Letter; The House of Seven Gables; The Blithedale Romance; The Marble Faun.

Hawthorne's writing skills can be summarized as follows: Hawthorne seems to be influenced a lot by the sin and evil in his sense. He believes evil exists in human heart all the time. For example, in the novel The Scarlet Letter, the minister Dimmesdale tries to pretend how pure and pious he is. He wants to cover up the evil in his mind. Not only Dimmesdale wants to do like this, but also all the people in the world, because we are only human beings. And the evil just likes a mark that exists in our mind when we are born. And in Hawthorne‟s mind, people who commit a crime must be punished, because people can get experience from this way. And also he supports people to tell the truth and not to offend. Nathaniel Hawthorne is a great romantic novelist in America in the 19th century and is considered to be the first greatest American fiction writer in the moralistic tradition. Hawthorne is outstanding in literature skill, especially in handling symbolism. His work---The Scarlet Letter is notable for its symbolism and is regarded as the first symbolic novel in American literature.