吉林省长春市普通高中2020届高三质量监测(一)英语参考答案
江西省吉安、抚州、赣州市2020届高三一模英语试题 含答案
江西省2020年高中毕业班新课程教学质量监测卷英语参考答案及听力材料第一部分听力（每小题1.5分，满分30分）1. B2. C3. C4. A5. B6. B7. C8. A9. B 10. A11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B第二部分阅读理解（每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）21.C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. E 38. B 39. G 40. A第三部分语言知识运用第一节（每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）41. B 42. D 43.C 44. A 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. C51. A 52.B 53. C 54. B 55. D 56. B 57. A 58. C 59. A 60. D第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分，以参考答案和补充答案为准，没有半对。
）61. have made 62. the 63. eating 64. reminder 65. was thought66. to bake 67. totally 68. up 69. longer 70. if/whether第四部分写作第一节短文改错（每小题1分，满分10 分，严格依据题干要求修改，培养规范答题意识。
不规范不得分。
）I’d like to offer some suggestions on how to take a taxi safe. Firstly, before you get into asafelytaxi, you s hould check whether it’s the licensed taxi or not. It’s more better to take a licensed one.a 删除more或将more改为much Then, you should look at their registration number carefully. Thirdly, sit on the seat behind theitsdriver, that is the safest place in the car. Finally, don’t keep your eyes fixing on your mobile phone which fixedall the way but watch out of the direction. If you found something wrong, ask the driver∧stop thefor find tocar immediately. Hope my advices will be of help.advice第二节书面表达（满分25分）One possible versionDear Helen,Having learnt that a China-Canada cultural festival is to be held in the auditorium next Friday, I can’t wait to invite you to the festival and here is a brief introduction.This cultural festival aims to enrich school life and enhance cultural awareness through various forms of appealing activities, including calligraphy shows and traditional costume shows. We are lucky to have a taste for Chinese and Canadian traditional cuisines which are made bystudents from China-Canada class. A gala is arranged in the afternoon, so could you bring us a performance, which is bound to brighten the festival?I’d be very glad if you could make it.Yours,Li Hua 书面表达：一、评分标准第五档 21-25分（23）分内容切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误。
2020年5月湖北省武汉市普通高中2020届高三毕业生质量检测英语参考答案
第一部分听力第一节1-5CBCBA第二节6-10ACABA11-15BCCAA16-20CBABB第二部分阅读理解第一节21-23BCB24-27DCAD28-31DCAC32-35DABA第二节36-40ADEBG第三部分语言知识运用第一节41-45BACAD46-50BCDAD51-55BCBBA56-60CCADD第二节61.possibilities62.the/my63.was making64.challenging65.creative66.if/whether67.to get68.grew69.with70.most第四部分写作第一节Last Saturday I cooked supper for my family.The whole morning,I was on the Net, studying what to make delicious food out.After lunch,I went to the market and bought some howvegetables and pork.Back home,I began washed the pork and cut them into cubes.The porkwashing itshould be cooked firstly because it would take a long time.When the pork is being boiled,Ifirst wascontinued to prepare the other dishes.After two hour of hard work,three dishes and a big bowlhours∧soup were ready on the dinner table.Mom and Dad all praised me.They said it wasof boththe best supper they have ever had!had第二节sample writing:Dear Susan,Thank you very much for your attention.I’d like to share my experience with you..Last Friday,it was extremely hot and there were few people outside.Suddenly,a weak cry brought me coming to the nearby park when I was passing through.A little girl stood in the shade of a big tree,all alone.Gently comforting and calming her down,I learnt she got lost in the park and couldn’t find the way home.Luckily,the3-year-old child knew the address of her home.The moment the girl saw her mum,she rushed to her and hugged her tightly.That day,I received millions of thanks from the young mum and a sweet smile from the girl,which absolutely made my day.I cannot but admit that helping others can give us a strong sense of pleasure and satisfaction. Also,I’m looking forward to your story.Yours,Li Hua1。
2020届湖南省岳阳市普通高中高三毕业班第二次教学质量监测(二模)英语试题(解析版)
绝密★启用前湖南省岳阳市普通高中2020届高三毕业班第二次教学质量监测(二模)英语试题(解析版)时量：120分钟满分：150 分第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是 C。
1.What will the woman probably do next?A. Call the airline .B. Stay for lunchC. Leave for the airport.2.Which instrument does Harry play?A. The piano.B. The violin.C. The guitar.3.What has made the man so upset?A. The ugly walls.B. His kids’ studying.C. The business.4.When will the man leave for Tianjin?A. At 5:00.B. At 5:30.C. At 6:00.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?5.A storm. B. A tree. C. A house.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2020届昆一中高三联考卷第八期联考 英语参考答案及评分标准
2020届昆一中高三联考卷第八期联考英语参考答案及评分标准命题人简介丁洁中学高级教师，昆明市第一中学英语备课组长；英语专业八级成绩优秀；从事高中英语教学工作十余年，学校高考命题专家组成员；中国瑞典合作“环境小硕士”项目优秀导师；第八届“全国中学骨干英语教师新课程教学高级研修班”学员；先进教育工作者；优秀班主任；昆明市名班主任；昆明市先进班集体班主任；所教学生高考成绩优异，辅导学生多次在各类大赛中获大奖，多次被授予“优秀辅导教师”称号；多次参加课堂教学大奖赛获奖，多篇论文发表于国家和省市级刊物；曾赴美国、日本高中交流学习。
黄睿中学高级教师，云南师范大学附属中学英语备课组长，曾赴美、英学习，有深厚的语言文化功底。
任教19年来形成自己独特的教学风格，轻松活跃的课堂深受学生欢迎。
多次被学校评为“优秀教师”、“先进教育工作者”，被授予“红云园丁奖”、获得“最美附中人”称号。
自2010年开始至今一直担任云南师大附中月考卷命题和审题工作。
2017年精进巴拿马高三A、B卷副主编。
2019年昆明市高中教育质量专家库成员。
王勇英语高级教师,毕业于西南师范大学；云南省级英语骨干教师，省优秀教师，昆明市优秀教育工作者；云南师大成人教育学院特聘专家，师大外院硕士研究生论文答辩委员会委员，昆明市教科院高考指导专家，市高中教育质量监测专家库核心成员，昆明一中高三全国联考英语命题组长、英语教研组长、“青蓝工程”导师；参加教育部首届《跨世纪园丁工程·中学英语骨干教师国家级培训》，进修于英国布莱丁学院；获云南省首届高中英语教师课堂教学竞赛二等奖,多篇论文发表于国家和省级核心刊物并获省、市级一等奖。
本套试题预设难度：0.60知识范围/能力要求：2020年高考考纲和近三年全国课标卷第一部分听力（30分）1~5 BACCB 6~10 BBCBC 11~15 ABCBC 16~20 AAABC第二部分阅读理解（40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)21~25 DBADB 26~30 BACDC 31~35 DACBA第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）36~40 GFCBE第三部分语言知识运用（45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）41~45 CBADB 46~50 ABCDA 51~55 CCBDA 56~60 DCBAD第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）61. occasional 62. was passed 63. to 64. will have 65. a66. infection 67. and 68. who 69. to see 70. developing第四部分写作 (共两节，满分35分)第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)When I was in Senior 2, John was my close friends. There was a lack of excitement in our①friendspare time. We did everything which we could possibly think of to fill in our spare time. We played②that或删去whichvideo games and watch movies. After all of this, we were still boring. We realized we ought to fix③watched ④boredtheir boredom. John suggested make funny videos and we started to do∧seriously. We even put up ⑤our ⑥making ⑦itwith posters for videos we made. Lucky, we had a lot of devoted fans at that time.⑧⑨LuckilyBecause I am a successful director now, I am always missing those interesting days at school. ⑩ Although/Though/While第二节：书面表达（满分25分）【参考范文】Dear Peter,It is exciting to hear that you are learning Chinese. It is understandable that you have some difficulties with Chinese vocabulary and listening. Let me give you some suggestions.First of all, build your vocabulary regularly. If you want to memorize vocabularies, use them repeatedly. Make sentences with words you can’t remember. Secondly, practise listening every day. For example, listen to your podcast for 15 minutes. Finally, be patient. It is not possible to make progress within two weeks, but it is possible to make a visible improvement in two months. There is nothing that motivates us more than our own success.Hope these suggestions will be helpful to you.Yours sincerely,Li Hua详解部分第二部分阅读理解（40分）第一节（30分）A 篇【语篇导读】记叙文。
2020届松江区高三英语一模试卷（含答案）
高三英语高三英语 第第1页 共共16页 松江区2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟） 2019.12 考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、学校和考号。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Leave the errors in the paper. B. Let the woman use the typewriter. C. Read the newspaper again. D. Check the paper for mistakes. 2. A. It takes time for her to learn new things. B. She should have been informed earlier. C. She w on’t won’t attend the meeting. attend the meeting. D. She has made preparations for the meeting. 3. A. American students are not talkative in class. B. Being talkative in class means active participation. C. She thinks highly of her experience in the American school. D. One can participate in class activities in different ways. 4. A. Crying. B. Talking loudly. C. Watching TV . D. Having a walk. 5. A. It is the only property she has. B. Her father asked her not to sell it. C. She inherited it from her father. D. Her father has nowhere to live after selling it. 6. A. No one knows how to get it to work. B. It won the match in the company. C. It is second to none in communication. D. It works more efficiently than any employee. 高三英语高三英语 第第2页 共共16页7. A. The food critic didn ’t speak highly of that restaurant. B. They waited a long time for the table at that restaurant. C. The food at the restaurant was the best in Chinatown. D. They used to work for a food magazine. 8. A. She is too tired to go out. B. She has to write a paper. C. She doesn ’t like coffee. D. She has to get up early the next day. 9. A. Tom should have realized his mistake earlier. B . Tom B. Tom ’s trousers don’t match his jacket. C. Tom shouldn’t shouldn’t have hurried to the office. have hurried to the office. D. Tom ’s taste in clothes can be improved. 10. A. He has been taken for a fool. B. He doesn ’t feel at ease in the firm. C. He has been given a better position. D. He doesn ’t get on well with the others. Section B （15分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and theconversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Motorcycle riding. B. Parcel wrapping. C. Language training. D. Basic manners. 12. A. He wanted to learn how the delivery of online shopping runs. B. He intended to open a delivery company in the future. C. He hoped to fully enjoy the city’s festive atmosphere. D. He needed the experience as part of his social practice requirement. 13. A. Packing a heavy load. B. Finding the way. C. Asking for directions. D. Riding on narrow streets. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They can solve some of our most crucial problems. B. They lead to many exciting professional careers. C. They help establish government and private labs. D. They are the new application of mathematics. 15. A. They learn, make and analyze mathematical models. B. They help create new branches of the science. C. They make prediction in finance and economy. D. They work on the development of new technology. 16. A. The importance of research. B. The necessity of modeling. C. The study of mathematics. D. The evolution of science. 高三英语高三英语 第第3页 共共16页Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A chef. B. A nurse assistant. C. A medical transcriptionist. D. A housewife. 18. A. Listening to the conversation between the doctor and patients. B. Writing down the medical report on the computer. C. Finding the problems in the medical treatment. D. Helping the doctor to take care of patients. 19. A. She gets paid every two weeks. B. She can explain it to her son. C. She can learn from different medical cases. D. She can balance work with domestic duties. 20. A. He regards the job meaningless and looks down upon it. B. He insists that it should be done by the doctor himself. C. He is proud of his mother and understands her choice. D. He feels sorry that it is not paid as well as his father’s job.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Climbing the world ’s highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu ’s mind as a 25-year-old 25-year-old in in 1974, 1974, when when he he played played for for the the provincial provincial soccer soccer team team in in Qinghai. Qinghai. But But when when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) _________ at least get a free health check-up. After After just just a a few few months months of of training, training, Xia Xia and and his his fellow fellow climbers climbers started started climbing climbing the the 8,848-metre 8,848-metre mountain mountain in January 1975. However, Xia suffered such severe in January 1975. However, Xia suffered such severe frostbite (冻伤冻伤) after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) _________ he later lost both of his feet. Three years later, a foreign expert (23) _________ (invite) to assess Xia’s condition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains. It made him determined to challenge (24) _________ to climb Mount Qomolangma again. Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) _________ (wake) at 5 a.m. to train for five or six hours. hours. Unfortunately, Unfortunately, Xia Xia suffered suffered another another major major setback setback in in 1996, 1996, when when he he (26) (26) _________ _________ (diagnose) (diagnose) with with lymphoma (淋巴瘤). ). He He had had to to undergo undergo another another round round of of amputation (截肢), losing part of his legs. It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the the world world’’s s highest highest mountain. mountain. Sadly, Sadly, his his team team arrived arrived at at Qomolangma Qomolangma Base Base Camp, Camp, only only to to be be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche (雪崩雪崩) (27) _________ had killed 16 people. The Nepalese government announced a ban on double-amputee climbers on Qomolongma in A. approaching B. temporarily C. decomposes D. alternative E. primarily F. recyclable G. inspiration H. involves I. squeezing J. mined K. emitted 高三英语高三英语 第第5页 共共16页What What happens happens when when the the right right to to know know comes comes up up against against the the right right not not to to know? know? The The ease ease of genetic testing has brought this question to light. Two ___41___ legal cases – one in Britain, the other in Germany – stand to alter the way medicine is practised. Both cases involve Huntington’s disease (HD), whose ___42___ include loss of co-ordination (协调), mood changes and cognitive (认知的认知的) decline. It develops between the ages of 30 and 50, and is eventually fatal. Every child of an ___43___ parent has a 50% chance of inheriting it. In the British case, ___44___ for trial at the High Court in London in November, a woman known as ABC – to protect the ___45___ of her daughter, who is a minor – is charging a London hospital, St. G eorge’s Healthcare NHS Trust, for not ___46___ her father’s diagnosis of HD with George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, for not ___46___ her father’s diagnosis of HD with her. ABC was pregnant at the time of his diagnosis, in 2009. She argues that had she been aware of it, she would have stopped the pregnancy. As it was, she found out only after giving birth to her daughter. She later tested ___47___ for HD. The German case is in some ways the mirror image of the British one. Unlike in Britain, in Germany the right not to know genetic information is protected in law. ___48___, in 2011 a doctor informed a woman that her divorced husband – the doctor’s patient – had tested positive for HD. This meant their two children were ___49___ the disease. She accused the doctor, who had acted with with his his patient’s patient’s permission. permission. Both Both children children being being minors minors at at the the time, time, they they could could not not legally legally be be tested tested for for the the disease, disease, which, which, as as the the woman’s woman’s lawyers lawyers pointed pointed out, out, is is currently currently ___50___. ___50___. They They argued that she was therefore helpless to act on the information, and ___51___ suffered a reactive depression that prevented her from working. Both cases test a legal grey area. If the right to know is ___52___ recognized in Britain later this this year, that year, that may remove some uncertainties, but it will also create new ones. To what lengths should doctors go to track down and inform family members, ___53___? It It is is the the law’s law’s job job to to ___54___ ___54___ these these rights rights for for the the modern modern age. age. When When the the law law falls behind technology, somebody often pays the price, and currently that somebody is ___55___. As these two cases demonstrate, they find themselves in a difficult situation – charged if they do, accused if they don’t.41. A. remarkable B. distinct C. contrasting D. dominant 42. A. consequences B. symptoms C. indications D. diagnoses 43. A. influenced B. affected C. inherited D. annoyed 44. A. scheduled B. determined C. approved D. implemented 45. A. possession B. status C. health D. identity 46. A. revealing B. sharing C. reminding D. concealing 47. A. convinced B. suspicious C. infected D. positive 48. A. Nevertheless B. Thus C. Additionally D. Fundamentally 49. A. in advance of B. in the course of C. at the close of D. at the risk of 50. A. inevitable B. inextinguishable C. incurable D. intolerable 51. A. as a result B. after all C. above all D. in return 52. A. financially B. academically C. legally D. culturally fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, hrase “taking on ” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to __________. 40 Smart Ways to Save at the SupermarketY our caution not to fall for fake sales reminded reminded me me of of the the days days when when I I was was a a stock stock boy boy at at my my neighborhood neighborhood grocery grocery in in the the 1950s. 1950s. One time, we got a delivery of off-brand vegetables. vegetables. I I priced priced them them at at ten ten cents cents a a can. can. I I don’t think we sold more than six cans – until I put up a sign that said “Special: Nine for $1.” I set them out Thursday evening, and by noon on Saturday they were gone. EDWARD DECKERD , Perryville, MissouriBill’s Last, Best Gift Tracy Grant’s article r esonated resonated (引起共鸣引起共鸣) deeply with me. Twelve years ago, my husband, Don, Don, was was found found to to have have terminal terminal brain brain cancer. cancer. As his caregiver, I, too, learned to appreciate the people people and and things things around around me me and and not not to to sweat sweat the small stuff, and in the long run, I became a much better person. Don also gave me his last, best gift of love and peace. ANITA LAWRENCE , Diego ，CaliforniaTrapped Inside a Glacier Reading Reading about about John John All’s All’s experience experience on on Mount Mount Himlung Himlung was was very very inspiring inspiring to to me. me. A A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20,000 feet is something that I would have thought to be impossible. impossible. I I am am 16 16 years years old old and and a a lifelong lifelong reader. Out of of all all the the great content great content in Reader’s Digest , stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most. SAM KIEFFER,Richardson, TexasDishes Professional Chefs Cook in theMicrowaveMicrowaving live lobsters is cruel. Because lobsters feel pain, Switzerland has recently recently outlawed outlawed the the practice practice of of boiling boiling them them alive. A similar law was passed in Italy, where it is is now now illegal illegal to to put put lobsters lobsters on on ice ice before before cooking them. I hope you provide an update to your story promoting humane (人道的) practices instead of very cruel and violent ones. JANET TOOLE , Phoenixville, Pennsylvania62. In her letter, Janet Toole quoted two examples of Switzerland and Italy in order to __________. The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more: it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is a very important assignment facing American journalists – to make clear clear to to the the reader reader the the problems problems of of the the day, day, to to make make international international news news understandable understandable as as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing as “local” news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in the financial market, political circles, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life. There is in journalism a widespread view that when you start an interpretation, you are entering dangerous waters, the rushing tides of opinion. This is nonsense. The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall limit themselves to the “facts”. This insistence raises two questions : What are the facts? Are the bare facts enough? As for the first question, consider how a so-called “factual” story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall make up the beginning of the article, which is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph. This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large influence, or on page twenty four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three. Thus in the presentation of a so-called “factual” or “objective” story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporters reporters and and editors, editors, calling calling upon upon their their research research resources, resources, their their general general background, background, and and their their “news neutralism”, arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news. The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective and subjective processes. If an editor is determined to give a prejudiced view of the news, he can do do it it in other in other ways ways and and more more effectively effectively than than by by interpretation. interpretation. He He can can do do it it by by the the selection selection of of those facts that support his particular viewpoint. Or he can do it by the place he gives a story – promoting it to page one or dragging it to page thirty. 63. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? 64. The beginning of the article should present the most important fact because __________. 65. Where a story is presented in a newspaper shows __________. 66. Which of th e following can best express the author’s attitude toward objectiveness? e following can best express the author’s attitude toward objectiveness? A. Objectiveness is controlled by editors rather than writers. B. Properly choosing facts prepares a solid ground for objectiveness. C . He doesn’t think there exists complete objectiveness in news writing. D. To make clear the news is a way to be objective and responsible for the readers. A. There’s no waiting for it and no counting of cash.B. The system is impressively simple and secure. C. Security is nothing to worry about with the procedures. D. Clearing up cash payments has several advantages as well. E. However, some people doubt what members of a cashless society will do when the power goes off. F. Privacy security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology. differences differences –– pavement/sidewalk, pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, lift/elevator, etc. etc. –– there there are 73.大学扩招了，这就意味着更多人能有机会接受高等教育。
2019-2020【提分必做】高三生物上学期质量监测试题(一)(扫描版)
吉林省长春市普通高中2019届高三生物上学期质量监测试题（一）（扫描版）长春市普通高中2019届高三质量检测（一）生物试题答案及评分参考一、选择题（共36小题，共36分）1．【参考答案】B【命题立意】以病毒、原核细胞和真核细胞的相关知识为背景，考查理解能力。
【试题解析】只有酵母菌能进行有丝分裂，A选项错误；病毒不能独立进行DNA复制，C 选项错误；病毒没有核糖体和中心体，蓝藻没有中心体，D 选项错误。
2．【参考答案】D【命题立意】以脂质的相关知识为背景，考查理解能力。
【试题解析】酶能降低化学反应的活化能，而酶的本质是蛋白质或RNA。
3．【参考答案】C【命题立意】以结构和功能相适应的相关知识为背景，考查理解能力。
【试题解析】反射的结构基础是反射弧。
4．【参考答案】A【命题立意】以细胞的相关知识为背景，考查理解能力。
【试题解析】原核细胞中不存在核仁，但原核细胞中存在核糖体。
5．【参考答案】D【命题立意】以细胞结构的相关知识为背景，考查理解能力。
【试题解析】浆细胞中的高尔基体不能进行抗体的合成；溶酶体不能合成水解酶；线粒体基质中产生NADH，产生ATP。
6．【参考答案】B【命题立意】以植物细胞吸水和失水的相关知识为背景，考查实验与探究能力。
【试题解析】 K+和NO3-在t1时间内就进入细胞液； t1时间内细胞液渗透压低于KNO3溶液的渗透压；t1时间内细胞只出现质壁分离现象。
7．【参考答案】B【命题立意】以物质运输的相关知识为背景，考查理解能力。
【试题解析】人成熟的红细胞中没有线粒体。
8．【参考答案】B【命题立意】以酶的相关知识为背景，考查理解能力。
【试题解析】酶的专一性指的是每一种酶只能催化一种或一类化学反应；变性后的过氧化氢酶为多肽，也能和双缩脲试剂发生反应；不同温度下，胃蛋白酶的活性可能相同；酶在低温下保存有利于保存酶的活性。
9．【参考答案】C【命题立意】以细胞呼吸的相关知识为背景，考查理解能力。
江西省三市(吉安、抚州、赣州)2020届高三毕业班教学质量监测(一模)英语试题及答案解析
第二部分 阅读理解（每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）
21.C 22. B 23. D24. B 25. D
22.26. D27. B 28.C29.B30. A
31.D32. D 33.A 34. B 35. C
36. D 37. E 38. B 39. G 40.A
This cultural festival aims to enrich school life and enhance cultural awareness through various forms of appealing activities, including calligraphy shows and traditional costume shows. We are lucky to have a taste for Chinese and Canadian traditional cuisines which are made by students from China-Canada class. A gala is arranged in the afternoon, so could you bring us a performance, which is bound to brighten the festival?
二、评分原则
1. 本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。
2. 评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。（照以上五个分值所给标准给分。若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数则可加一到两分或减一到两分,不加半分。）
3. 字数少于80和多于120的,从总分中减去2分。
吉林省长春市2020届高三质量检测(一)文科数学试题 Word版含解析
长春市2020届高三质量监测（一）文科数学本试卷共4页．考试结束后，将答题卡交回． 注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区．2．选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚．3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效．4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑．5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀． 一、选择题：本题共12小题，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． 1.复数2z i +=-，则它的共轭复数z 在复平面内对应的点位于（ ） A. 第一象限 B. 第二象限 C. 第三象限 D. 第四象限【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：复数2z i =-+的共轭复数为2z i =--，在复平面内对应点的坐标为，所以位于第三象限．选C 考点：复数的概念及运算2.已知集合{2A x x =≥或}2x ≤-，{}230B x x x =->，则AB =（ ）A. ∅B. {3x x >或}2x ≤-C. {3x x >或}0x < D. {3x x >或}1x <【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】可以求出集合B ，然后进行交集的运算即可．【详解】解：{}230B x x x =->{|0B x x ∴=<或3}x >，{2A x x =≥或}2x ≤-，{|2AB x x ∴=-或3}x >．故选：B ．【点睛】考查描述法的定义，绝对值不等式和一元二次不等式的解法，以及交集的运算,属于基础题．3.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ， 515S =，45a = ，则9S =( ) A. 45 B. 63C. 54D. 81【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】根据给出条件求出3a ，利用3a ，4a ，5a 成等差数列计算5a ，再根据前n 项和性质计算9S 的值.【详解】由515S =得33a =，45a =,∴57a = ∴95963S a == 故选B.【点睛】等差数列性质：2(2)m n p q c a a a a a m n p q c +=+=+=+=； 等差数列前n 项和性质：12121()(21)(21)2n n n a a n S n a --+-==-.4.已知条件:1p x >，条件:2q x ≥，则p 是q 的( ) A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】利用集合间的关系推出p q 、之间的关系.【详解】{|1}x x>{|2}x x ≥，则p 是q 的必要不充分条件,故选B.【点睛】p 成立的对象构成的集合为A ，q 成立的对象构成的集合为B ：p 是q 的充分不必要条件则有：A B ；p 是q 的必要不充分条件则有：BA .5.2019年是新中国成立七十周年，新中国成立以来，我国文化事业得到了充分发展，尤其是党的十八大以来，文化事业发展更加迅速，下图是从2013 年到 2018 年六年间我国公共图书馆业机构数（个）与对应年份编号的散点图（为便于计算，将 2013 年编号为 1，2014 年编号为 2，…，2018年编号为 6，把每年的公共图书馆业机构个数作为因变量，把年份编号从 1到 6 作为自变量进行回归分析），得到回归直线ˆ13.7433095.7yx =+，其相关指数2R 0.9817=，给出下列结论，其中正确的个数是( )①公共图书馆业机构数与年份正相关性较强 ②公共图书馆业机构数平均每年增加13.743个 ③可预测 2019 年公共图书馆业机构数约为3192个 A. 0 B. 1C. 2D. 3【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】根据ˆb和2R 确定是正相关还是负相关以及相关性的强弱；根据ˆb 的值判断平均每年增加量；根据回归直线方程预测2019年公共图书馆业机构数.【详解】由图知点散布在从左下角到右上角的区域内，所以为正相关，又2R 0.9817=趋近于1，所以相关性较强，故①正确；由回归方程知②正确； 由回归方程，当7x =时，得估计值为3191.9≈3192，故③正确. 故选D.【点睛】回归直线方程中的ˆb 的大小和正负分别决定了单位增加量以及相关型的正负；相关系数2R 决定了相关性的强弱，越接近1相关性越强.6.已知直线0x y +=与圆22(1)()2x y b -+-=相切，则b =( )A. 3-B. 1C. 3-或1D.52【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】根据直线与圆相切，则圆心到直线的距离等于半径来求解.=∴|1|2b +=∴13b b ==-或 故选C.【点睛】本题考查直线与圆的位置关系中的相切，难度较易；注意相切时，圆心到直线的距离等于半径.7.已知31()3a =，133b =，13log 3c =，则( )A. a b c <<B. c b a <<C. c a b <<D. b c a <<【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】分析每个数的正负以及与中间值1的大小关系.【详解】因为311()()133a <<=，103331>=，1133log 3log 10<=，所以01,1,0a b c <<><，∴c a b <<，【点睛】指数、对数、幂的式子的大小比较，首先确定数的正负，其次确定数的大小（很多情况下都会和1作比较），在比较的过程中注意各函数单调性的使用. 8.已知,,a b c 为直线，,,αβγ平面，则下列说法正确的是( ) ①,a b αα⊥⊥，则//a b ②,αγβγ⊥⊥，则αβ⊥ ③//,//a b αα，则//a b ④//,//αγβγ，则//αβ A. ①②③ B. ②③④C. ①③D. ①④【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】①可根据线面垂直的性质定理判断；②③④可借助正方体进行判断.【详解】①由线面垂直的性质定理可知垂直同一平面的两条直线互相平行，故正确；②选取正方体的上下底面为αβ、以及一个侧面为γ，则//αβ，故错误；③选取正方体的上底面的对角线为a b 、，下底面为α，则//a b 不成立，故错误；④选取上下底面为αβ、，任意作一个平面平行上底面为γ，则有 //αβ成立，故正确.所以说法正确的有：①④. 故选D.【点睛】对于用符号语言描述的问题，最好能通过一个具体模型或者是能够画出相应的示意图，这样在判断的时候能更加直观. 9.函数2sin()y x ωϕ=+(0,||)2πωϕ><的图象（部分图象如图所示） ，则其解析式为( )A. ()2sin(2)6f x x π=+ B. ()2sin()6f x x π=+C. ()2sin(4)6f x x π=+D. ()2sin()6f x x π=-【答案】A【分析】（1）通过(0,1)以及ϕ的范围先确定ϕ的取值，再根据()f x 过点11(,0)12π计算ω的取值. 【详解】由2sin(0)1,||2πωϕϕϕ⋅+=<π,∴=6， 由111111242sin()0,,,002121261211k k Z T πωπϕωππωπωω⋅+=⋅+=∈>>∴<<=∴即2sin(2)6y x π=+，即为()f x 解析式.【点睛】根据三角函数的图象求解函数解析式时需要注意：（1）根据周期求解ω的值；（2）根据图象所过的特殊点求解ϕ的值；（3）根据图象的最值，确定A 的值.10.中国传统扇文化有着极其深厚的底蕴. 一般情况下，折扇可看作是从一个圆面中剪下的扇形制作而成，设扇形的面积为1S ，圆面中剩余部分的面积为2S ，当1S 与2S 的比值为51-时，扇面看上去形状较为美观，那么此时扇形的圆心角的弧度数为( )A. (35)π-B. 51)πC. 51)πD.(52)π【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】根据扇形与圆面积公式，可知面积比即为圆心角之比，再根据圆心角和的关系，求解出扇形的圆心角.【详解】1S 与2S 所在扇形圆心角的比即为它们的面积比， 设1S 与2S 所在扇形圆心角分别为,αβ，则αβ=，又2αβπ+=，解得(3απ=- 【点睛】本题考查圆与扇形的面积计算，难度较易.扇形的面积公式：21122S r lr α==，其中α是扇形圆心角的弧度数，l 是扇形的弧长.11.已知F 是抛物线24y x =的焦点，则过F 作倾斜角为60︒的直线分别交抛物线于,A B （A 在x 轴上方）两点，则||||AF BF 的值为( )B. 2C. 3D. 4【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】根据抛物线的焦半径的倾斜角和焦准距的表示形式将||||AF BF 表示出来，然后代入相应值计算即可.【详解】||1cos60p AF =-︒，||1cos60pBF =+︒∴||10.53||10.5AF BF +==-. 【点睛】焦点在x 轴上的抛物线，过抛物线的焦点倾斜角为θ的直线与抛物线交于,A B 两点，且||||AF BF >，则有||1cos p AF θ=-，||1cos p BF θ=+，22||sin pAB θ=. 12.已知函数1(0)()(0)xe xf x x -⎧-≤⎪=>，若存在0x R ∈ 使得00()(1)1f x m x --≤成立，则实数m 的取值范围为( ) A. (0,)+∞B. [1,0)(0,)-+∞ C. (,1][1,)-∞-+∞D.(,-∞-∞1](0,+)【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】数形结合去分析，先画出()f x 的图象，然后根据直线过(1,1)-将直线旋转，然后求解满足条件的m 取值范围.【详解】如图, 直线0(1)1y m x =--过定点(1,1)P -,m 为其斜率，0m >满足题意，当0m <时，考虑直线与函数1xy e -=-相切，此时000(1)11x x m x e m e --⎧--=-⎨=-⎩，解得010m x =-⎧⎨=⎩，此时直线与1x y e -=-的切点为(0,0)，∴1m ≤-也满足题意.选D【点睛】分段函数中的存在和恒成立问题，利用数形结合的思想去看问题会更加简便，尤其是直线与曲线的位置关系，这里需要注意：（1）直线过定点；（2）临界位置的切线问题. 二、填空题：本题共4小题． 13.已知1sincos225αα-=，则sin α=_____. 【答案】2425【解析】 【分析】将所给式子平方，找到sin α与sin cos22αα-的关系.【详解】1sincos225αα-=平方得242sin cos 2225αα= ∴24sin 25α=.【点睛】sin cos αα±与sin cos αα的关系：2(sin cos )12sin cos αααα±=±；14.设变量x ，y 满足约束条件03420x y x y x -≤⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪+≥⎩，则3z x y =-的最小值等于______．【答案】8- 【解析】 【分析】作出不等式组对应的平面区域，3z x y =-得1133y x z =-，利用数形结合即可的得到结论． 【详解】解：画出可行域如图，3z x y =-变形为1133y x z =-，过点(2,2)A --，z 取得最大值4， 过点(2,2)C -取得最小值8-． 故答案为：8-．【点睛】本题主要考查线性规划的应用，利用z 的几何意义，通过数形结合是解决本题的关键． 15.三棱锥P ABC -中，PA ⊥平面ABC ，AB AC ⊥,10PA =2,2AB AC ==，则三棱锥P ABC -的外接球的表面积为_____. 【答案】16π 【解析】 【分析】根据题设位置关系，可知以,,AB AC PA 为长、宽、高的长方体的外接球就是三棱锥P ABC -的外接球，根据这一特点进行计算.【详解】设外接球的半径为R ，则2222(2)16R PA AB AC =++= ∴16S π=【点睛】对于求解多条侧棱互相垂直的几何体的外接球，可考虑将该几何体放入正方体或者长方体内，这样更加方便计算出几何体外接球的半径. 16.已知△ABC 的内角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，若(,)m b c a b =--,(sin ,sin sin )n C A B =+，且m n ⊥，则A =____;若△ABC 的面积为3ABC 的周长的最小值为_____.【答案】 (1). 3π(2). 6 【解析】【分析】先根据向量垂直得出边角关系，然后利用正、余弦定理求解A的值；根据面积以及在余弦定理，利用基本不等式，从而得到周长的最小值（注意取等号条件）.【详解】由m n ⊥得(,)(sin ,sin sin )()sin ()(sin sin )0m n b c a b C A B b c C a b A B ⋅=--⋅+=-+-+=()()()0b c c a b a b -+-+=得222a b c bc =+-,∴2221cos 22b c a A bc +-==∴3A π=；1sin 2S bc A ==4bc =又222224a b c bc b c =+-=+-所以6a b c b c ++=+（当且仅当2b c ==时等号成立） 【点睛】（1）1122(,),(,)a x y bx y ==，若a b ⊥垂直，则有：12120x x y y +=；（2）222(0,0)a b ab a b +≥>>取等号的条件是：a b =.三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．第17-21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答．第22-23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答. （一）必考题：17.已知数列{}n a 中，12a =，1122n n n a a ++=+，设2nn na b =. （Ⅰ）求证：数列{}n b 是等差数列； （Ⅱ）求数列11{}n n b b +的前n 项和n S . 【答案】（Ⅰ）见证明；（Ⅱ）111n S n =-+ 【解析】 【分析】（1）证明1n n b b c --=（c 为常数）即可；（2）将11n n b b +采用裂项的方式先拆开，然后利用裂项相消的求和方法求解n S .【详解】（Ⅰ）证明：当2n ≥时，111121222n n n n n n n n n a a a a b b ------=-== 11b =，所以{}n b 是以为1首项，为1公差的等差数列.（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可知，n b n =，所以+11111n n b b n n =-+，所以1111111122311n S n n n =-+-++-=-++. 【点睛】常见的裂项相消形式： （1）111(1)1n n n n =-++；（2=（3）1111()(21)(21)22121n n n n =--+-+； （4）112311(31)(31)3131n n n n n ++=-----. 18.环保部门要对所有的新车模型进行广泛测试，以确定它的行车里程的等级，下表是对100辆新车模型在一个耗油单位内行车里程（单位：公里）的测试结果．（1）做出上述测试结果的频率分布直方图，并指出其中位数落在哪一组；（2）用分层抽样的方法从行车里程在区间[)38,40与[)40,42的新车模型中任取5辆，并从这5辆中随机抽取2辆，求其中恰有一个新车模型行车里程在[)40,42内的概率． 【答案】（1）图见解析；中位数在区间[)36,38 （2）35【解析】 【分析】(1)由频率分布表可画出频率分布直方图，由图可求出中位数所在区间．(2)由题意，设从[38，40)中选取的车辆为A ，B ，C ，从[40，42)中选取的车辆为a ，b ，利用列举法从这5辆车中抽取2辆，其中恰有一个新车模型行车里程在[40，42)内的概率． 【详解】（1）由题意可画出频率分布直方图如图所示：由图可知，中位数在区间[)36,38．（2）由题意，设从[)38,40中选取的车辆为A ，B ，C ， 从[)40,42中选取的车辆为a ，b ，则从这5辆车中抽取2辆的所有情况有10种，分别为AB ，AC ，Aa ，Ab ，BC ，Ba ，Bb ，Ca ，Cb ，ab ，其中符合条件的有6种，Aa ，Ab ，Ba ，Bb ，Ca ，Cb ，所以所求事件的概率为35. 【点睛】本题考查概率与统计的相关知识，考查频率分布直方图、古典概型、列举法等基础知识，考查运算求解能力，属于基础题．19.在三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，平面ABC 、平面1ACC A 、平面11BCC B 两两垂直.（Ⅰ）求证：1,,CA CB CC 两两垂直；（Ⅱ）若1CA CB CC a ===，求三棱锥11B A BC -的体积. 【答案】（Ⅰ）见证明；（Ⅱ）316a 【解析】 【分析】（1）通过辅助线以及根据面面垂直的性质定理可证1,,CA CB CC 中任意一条直线垂直于另外两条直线构成的平面，即垂直于另外两条直线；（2）采用替换顶点的方式计算体积，计算出高和底面积即可计算体积. 【详解】（Ⅰ）证明：在ABC ∆内取一点P ，作,PD AC PE BC ⊥⊥，因为平面ABC ⊥平面11ACC A ，其交线为AC ，所以PD ⊥平面11ACC A ，1PD CC ⊥， 同理1PE CC ⊥，所以1CC ⊥平面ABC ，11,CC AC CC BC ⊥⊥， 同理AC BC ⊥，故1,,CC AC BC 两两垂直.（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可知，三棱锥11A BCB -的高为11A C a =，1211122BCB S BC BB a ∆=⋅=，所以三棱锥11B A BC -的体积为316a . 【点睛】（1）面面垂直的性质定理：两个平面垂直，一个平面内垂直于交线的直线与另一个平面垂直；（2）计算棱锥的体积时，有时候可考虑采用替换顶点的方式去简化计算.a 20.已知点(1,0),(1,0)M N -，若点(,)P x y 满足||||4PM PN +=. （Ⅰ）求点P 的轨迹方程；（Ⅱ）过点(Q 的直线l 与（Ⅰ）中曲线相交于,A B 两点，O 为坐标原点， 求△AOB 面积的最大值及此时直线l 的方程.【答案】（Ⅰ）22143x y +=；（Ⅱ）AOB ∆面积的最大值为，此时直线l 的方程为3x y =±. 【解析】 【分析】（1）根据椭圆的定义求解轨迹方程；（2）设出直线方程后，采用1||2AB d ⨯⨯（d 表示原点到直线AB 的距离）表示面积，最后利用基本不等式求解最值.【详解】解：（Ⅰ）由定义法可得，P 点的轨迹为椭圆且24a =，1c =.因此椭圆的方程为22143x y +=.（Ⅱ）设直线l的方程为x ty =-与椭圆22143x y +=交于点11(,)A x y ，22(,)B x y ，联立直线与椭圆的方程消去x可得22(34)30t y +--=，即12234y y t +=+，122334y y t -=+. AOB ∆面积可表示为1211||||22AOB S OQ y y =⋅-=△2216223434t t ===++u =，则1u ≥，上式可化为26633u u u u=++≤当且仅当u=t = 因此AOB ∆l的方程为x y =-【点睛】常见的利用定义法求解曲线的轨迹方程问题：（1）已知点(,0),(,0)M c N c -，若点(,)P x y 满足||||2PM PN a +=且22a c >，则P 的轨迹是椭圆；（2）已知点(,0),(,0)M c N c -，若点(,)P x y 满足||||||2PM PN a -=且22a c <，则P 的轨迹是双曲线. 21.设函数1()ln x f x x x+=+. （Ⅰ）求函数()f x 的极值；（Ⅱ）若(0,1)x ∈时，不等式1ln 2(1)xx a x +<--恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围.【答案】（Ⅰ）()2f x =极小值，无极大值；（Ⅱ）01a <≤ 【解析】 【分析】（1）求导后，求解导函数零点，并用列表法分析极值；（2）对所给不等式进行变形，将ln x 分离出来便于求导，同时构造新函数2(1)()ln (01)1a x g x x x x -=-<<+，分析(0,1)x ∈时，()0>g x 恒成立时a 的范围.【详解】解：（Ⅰ）令21()0x f x x-'==，1x =()= (1)2f x f ∴=极小值，无极大值；（II ）由题意可知，0a >，则原不等式等价于2(1)ln 01a x x x -->+，令2(1)()ln (01)1a x g x x x x -=-<<+，22((24)1)()(1)x a x g x x x -+-+'=+，①当01a <≤时，2(24)10x a x +-+≥，()0g x '≤，()g x 在(0,1)上单调递减，()(1)0g x g >=，成立；②当1a >时，2000(0,1),(24)10x x a x ∃∈+-+=，使得当0(0,)x x ∈时，()0g x '<，()g x 单调递减，当0(,1)x x ∈时，()0g x '>，()g x 单调递增，故当0(,1)x x ∈时，()(1)0g x g <=，不成立；综上所述，01a <≤.【点睛】根据不等式恒成立求解参数范围的问题常用的方法：（1）分类讨论法（所给不等式进行适当变形，利用参数的临界值进行分析）； （2）参变分离法（构造新的函数，将函数的取值与参数结合在一起）.（二）选考题：请考生在22、23题中任选一题作答，如果多做则按所做的第一题计分．22.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，直线l的参数方程为12x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩（t 为参数），以坐标原点O 为极点，x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，圆C 的极坐标方程为24cos 3ρρθ-=. （Ⅰ）求直线l 的普通方程和圆C 的直角坐标方程；（Ⅱ）直线l 与圆C 交于,A B 两点，点(1,2)P ，求||||PA PB ⋅的值.【答案】（Ⅰ）直线l 的普通方程为30x y +-=，圆C 的直角坐标方程为22430x y x +--=.（Ⅱ）2 【解析】 【分析】（1）求直线l 的普通方程，消去参数t 即可；求圆的直角坐标方程利用cos sin x y ρθρθ=⎧⎨=⎩互化即可.（2）根据直线所过定点，利用直线参数方程中t 的几何意义求解||||PA PB ⋅的值. 【详解】解：（Ⅰ）直线l 的普通方程为30x y +-=， 圆C 的直角坐标方程为22430x y x +--=. （Ⅱ）联立直线l 的参数方程与圆C的直角坐标方程可得22(1)(2)4(1)30++---=，化简可得220t +-=. 则12||||||2PA PB t t ⋅==.【点睛】（1）直角坐标和极坐标互化公式：cos sin x y ρθρθ=⎧⎨=⎩；（2）直线过定点P ，与圆锥曲线的交点为A B 、，利用直线参数方程中t 的几何意义求解：||||||AB PA PB 、，则有12||||AB t t =-，12||||||PA PB t t =.23.已知函数()|3||1|f x x x =+-- . （Ⅰ）解关于x 的不等式()1f x x +≥ ；（Ⅱ）若函数()f x 的最大值为M ，设0,0a b >>，且(1)(1)a b M ++=，求+a b 的最小值. 【答案】（Ⅰ）(,5][1,3]-∞--；（Ⅱ）最小值为2 【解析】 【分析】（1）采用零点分段的方法解不等式；（2）计算出()f x 的最大值，再利用基本不等式求解+a b 的最小值.【详解】（Ⅰ）由题意(3)(1),34,3()(3)(1),3122,31(3)(1),14,1x x x x f x x x x x x x x x x ----<--<-⎧⎧⎪⎪=+---≤≤=+-≤≤⎨⎨⎪⎪+-->>⎩⎩当3x <-时，41x -+≥，可得5x ≤-，即5x ≤-.当31x -≤≤时，221x x ++≥，可得1x ≥-，即11x -≤≤. 当1x >时，41x +≥，可得3x ≤，即13x <≤. 综上，不等式()1f x x +≥的解集为(,5][1,3]-∞--.（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可得函数()f x 的最大值4M =，且14ab a b +++=， 即23()()2a b a b ab +-+=≤，当且仅当a b =时“=”成立， 可得2(2)16a b ++≥，即2a b +≥，因此+a b 的最小值为2.【点睛】（1）解绝对值不等式，最常用的方法就是零点分段：考虑每个绝对值等于零时x 的值，再逐段分析；（2）注意利用||||||x a x b a b -+-≥-，||||||x a x b a b ---≤-求解最值.。
河南省普通高中2024届高三下学期3月高考适应性测试英语试卷(含答案)
河南省普通高中2024届高三下学期3月高考适应性测试英语试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解As any gardener knows, nature doesn’t need much space to grow strong and healthy—give her an inch, and she’ll take a mile! Here are four impressive examples of nature reclaiming (开发利用) our world for itself with amazing results.Houtouwan, ChinaIt lies on the island of Shengshan Town on the furthermost edge of a group of islands. The only way to get there is by private boat, or by bus, and then by ship. Its isolation (隔绝) was one of the prime factors leading to the abandonment of the village in the 1990s. Now, its walls and streets become green with overgrowth.Spreepark, GermanySpreepark was closed in 2001 and the local plant life soon got to work. Structures in use since the park originally opened in 1969 were quickly covered by leaves. Now, an initiative aims to bring the site back to life.Vallone dei Mulini, ItalyIts high humidity (湿度) encouraged a microclimate perfect for plant growth. As the abandoned buildings fell apart, the ruins and their surroundings became completely overgrown. Photographs taken of the site in 2006 went widespread online.Beng Mealea, CambodiaThough constructed around 900 years ago, this grand temple is far less frequented than its more famous neighbour, Angkor Wat. In 2020, it was submitted for consideration as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Natural decline, among other factors, has caused serious damage to the site, allowing the surrounding jungle to overrun and combine with it. 1．What mainly caused Houtouwan’s abandonment?A. Its wet climate.B. The overgrowth of plants.C. Its separate location.D. The aging of walls and streets.2．Which place once became popular online?A. Houtouwan.B. Spreepark.C. Vallone dei Mulini.D. Beng Mealea.3．What feature do the four places share?A. They are World Heritage Sites.B. They are being taken back by nature.C. They are nearly 1,000 years old.D. They are regaining their original state.While climbing the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime dream for many, Jim Spear has taken it a step further, spending the last 18 years as a village r residing beneath this ancient wonder.“Never did I dream I would have the chance to visit the Great Wall, let alone live under it,” said 68-year-old Spear, a self-taught architect from the United States.Spear’s interest in China began during his college days. It deepened when he met Tang, a Chinese girl, in 1980, and they got married two years later. In 1986, he decided to drop out of his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California and moved to China “to get to the heart of things”. “I realized that if I became a scho lar of China, based overseas, I wouldn’t be able to experience what was happening in China,” Spear said.In 1995, the couple secured a long-term rent of a traditional village farmhouse in Mutianyu and decided to make it their full-time home ten years later. Shortly after possessing full-time village life, he rented an abandoned schoolhouse and transformed it into a restaurant and art glass factory for a sustainable tourism business. He also turned a former factory into a hotel and helped renovate (翻新) over 20 households into restaurants. Besides, he explored other ways to support those residents in rural areas. “I want to do something for them,” Spear said.Spear’s designs reflect his natural talent for fusing (融合) traditional and modern elements, adopting the Great Wall style. However, Spear emphasized his approach involves creating designs and views “that echo (呼应) the Great Wall, not copy it”. In 2014, Spear received the Great Wall Friendship Award from the Beijing government.Talking about the future, Spear sees abundant possibilities in China, driven by significant domestic demand and a growing emphasis on preserving historic structures. 4．What do we know about Spear from the first two paragraphs?A. He likes to climb the Great Wall.B. He came to China when he was 18.C. He once dreamed of becoming a villager.D. He has lived beneath the Great Wall for years.5．What’s Spear’s purpose of moving to China when he was in college?A. To see a real China.B. To marry a Chinese girl.C. To work as an architect.D. To study Chinese politics.6．What is special about Spear’s designs?A. They are inspired by rural residents.B. They copy the style of the Great Wall.C. They have received a world-wide prize.D. They connect the past with the present.7．What will Spear possibly plan to do in the future?A. Continue to engage in cultural exchange.B. Work for another award in structure preserving.C. Find more ways to support the rural residents.D. Conduct further study in Chinese historic structures.Why do we find ugly animals so appealing? And what makes odd-looking creatures so cute?Evolution (进化) plays a role. According to Austrian zoologist Konrad Lorenz, human attraction to childish features, such as big eyes, large heads and soft bodies, is an evolutionary adaptation that helps ensure that adults care for their young, guaranteeing the survival of their species. Odd-looking animals such as blobfish, pugs, and bulldogs all share these childish qualities that initiate an affectionate response among humans. And these childish characteristics increase a person’s “protective behavior, attention and willingness to care” for the individual and reduce the “likelihood of attacks towards a child”, says Marta Borgi, a researcher.Ugly animals often have other value—some, like the blobfish or the naked mole rat, live in extreme environments that they have adapted to in remarkable ways. Scientists are keen to study these animals to understand whether their biology might provide fresh insights that could lead to treatments for human health conditions such as cancer, heart disease and other deadly diseases.Our fascination with ugly-cute animals can also be traced back to culturally-based causes. “The ugly-cute thing is very fashionab le,” says Rowena Packer, a lecture r of animal behavior. “This is partly driven by social media, with many influential people showing off pet pugs and French bulldogs on the Internet,” she says.But there are some serious welfare concerns around this trend. Vets are urging people not to choose a flat-faced dog, because they suffer from serious health problems. Pugs and French bulldogs which have been selectively produced experience breathing difficulties, repeated skin infections and eye diseases.We may want to rethink our love for “ugly-cute” animals because of their silly featureslike protruding (鼓出的) eyes and wrinkly faces.8．Why do people like ugly animals according to Konrad Lorenz?A. People appriciate their efforts to survive.B. People appriciate their super adaptability.C. People are attracted by their childish looks.D. People are fond of their fast response speed.9．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. What media are changing people.B. How public practices influence people.C. Whether social media is worth believing.D. Why celebrities show off their pet animals.10．What’s the author’s attitude towards people’s love for ugly animals?A. Opposed.B. Supportive.C. Indifferent.D. Cautious.11．How does the author mainly answer the questions raised in Paragraph 1?A. By quoting different researchers’ findings.B. By showing some examples of keeping pets.C. By observing people’s behavior towards animals.D. By referring to authoritative evolutionary theory.An innovative creation will help transform treating diseases. Scientists at Tufts University and Harvard University’s Wyss Institute developed tiny biological robots “Anthrobots” from human cells. These Anthrobots possess the astonishing ability to move across surfaces and have exhibited a remarkable healing (治愈) effect by stimulating neuron (神经元) growth in damaged lab dish regions. This discovery serves as a crucial stepping stone toward the researchers’ vision of employing biological robots as innovative too ls for healing, and disease treatment.This breakthrough originates from earlier research conducted by Michael Levin, Professor of Biology at Tufts University School of Arts & Sciences, and Josh Bongard at the University of Vermont. They once created biological robots called Xenobots from frog cells, capable of various functions including self-copying, for a limited number of cycles. However, it was unclear if biological robots could be formed using cells from other species.In their latest study, Levin and Tufts PhD student Gizem Gumuskaya discovered thatthose observed in Xenobots.Anthrobots showed the ability to move across a surface covered in human neurons grown in a lab dish, facilitating new growth to fill gaps caused by cell layer damage.“It is extremely interesting and completely unexpected that normal patients’ cells, without changing their DNA, can move on their own and encourage neuron growth across a re gion of damage. We’re now looking at how the healing mechanism works, and asking what else these constructs can do,” says Levin.One of the main advantages of using human cells lies in constructing biological robots from a patient’s cells to perform heali ng tasks without leading to immune (免疫的) responses. These Anthrobots naturally break down after a few weeks and can be easily absorbed into the body once their function is complete.Anthrobots can only survive under specific laboratory conditions, posing no risk of exposure or unintended spread outside the controlled environment. They do not reproduce, have no genetic changes, and therefore carry no risk of developing beyond safety measures. 12．What do Anthrobots do in healing patients?A. Replace human cells.B. Facilitate neuron growth.C. Create new human cells.D. Move across tissue surfaces.13．What does the underlined word “crafted” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Made.B. Divided.C. Copied.D. Designed.14．What is one of the main advantages of Anthrobots?A. They can be easily created from patients’ cells.B. They can be used in many controlled environments.C. They can avoid causing immune responses.D. They can have genetic changes when necessary.15．Which magazine is the text most probably taken from?A. Advanced Science.B. Sportsnet Magazine.C. Art in America.D. National Geographic.二、七选五16．Although it’s an age of typing, handwriting still matters. Today the danger of the technology which computers and the typing people are using on writing is becoming extremely enormous. ① .As primary school pupils and college students return for a new school year in the North America, many will place a greater-than-ever reliance on computers to take notes and write papers. Children are not just encouraged but required to bring laptops to class, with whichsome parents are disappointed. ②, and their professors complain of this serious distraction (分心) in classrooms.③, from recalling a random series of words to better grasping the concept of complicated ideas. In a study from 2014, students typing wrote down almost twice as many words and more passages verbatim (一字不差地) from lectures, suggesting they were not understanding so much as rapidly copying the material. Handwriting, which takes longer for nearly all university-level students, forces note-takers to integrate ideas into their own words.④ . Those taking notes by hand also perform better on tests when they are later able to study from their notes.Many studies have co nfirmed handwriting’s benefits, and many countries have taken action. About half American states have mandated (强制执行) more teaching of handwriting since 2010. In Sweden there is a similar campaign. ⑤. England’s national subjects already include teaching basic knowledge of handwriting by age seven. However, several school systems in America have gone so far as to ban most laptops. This is too extreme.A. And a heated debate is going about itB. They would no longer need to complainC. Writing on paper can improve everythingD. But so many are fond of typing in their jobsE. College students message instead of listening to lecturesF. This aids conceptual understanding at the moment of writingG. The government pushes for more handwriting and fewer devices三、完形填空（15空）Last year, cardiologist (心脏病专家) Steve Lome came to truly understand what it means to be at the right place at the right time. During a half-marathon (半程马拉松), heand then he continued the race.wouldn’t have been around to save him, too.in the very same half-marathon this year!17．A. save B. lose C. accept D. believe18．A. match B. mark C. joint D. way19．A. extent B. distance C. area D. point20．A. coach B. guide C. competitor D. volunteer21．A. confused B. relieved C. worried D. disappointed22．A. leaving B. arriving C. collapsing D. understanding23．A. tell B. predict C. decide D. imagine24．A. temporarily B. accidentally C. eventually D. immediately25．A. moved away B. stayed around C. wandered about D. looked over26．A. noticed B. identified C. missed D. reached27．A. dizzy B. thirsty C. uneasy D. pleased28．A. analyzing B. evaluating C. timing D. recording29．A. agreed B. failed C. refused D. paused30．A. meaning B. proving C. clarifying D. indicating31．A. shape B. touch C. peace D. happiness四、短文填空32．Acupuncture (针灸) has been a treatment for countless patients for thousands of years in China. Before modern medicine came to life, stone tools ① (use) to relieve pain. Over time, this natural practice developed into a comprehensive medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture.Acupuncture is a treatment that is aimed ②(promote) the body’s self-regulating functions. Its principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine, ③emphasizes comprehensive treatment, meridian (经脉) adjustment and balance of bodily functions.④ (practice) vary in forms. Needle insertion (插入) is the most common method, which is carried out ⑤ inserting hair-thin needles into meridians, or specific points on the body that channel vital energy. Practitioners use needles to ⑥(effective) unblock theflow of energy and restore yin and yang balance.Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global treatment. Over the years, acupuncture ⑦ (see) many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, ⑧(illustrate) its widespread recognition and application.Acupuncture, as ⑨ ancient Chinese treatment, is a reflect of a rich history and ⑩(significance) Chinese culture.五、书面表达33．假如你是李华。
2020届上海市宝山区普通高中高三上学期期末质量监测(一模)英语试题(解析版)
绝密★启用前上海市宝山区普通高中2020届高三年级上学期期末教学质量监测(一模)英语试题(解析版)2020年1月Part I. Listening略Part II. Grammar and Vocabulary.Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.This weekend many families in America will celebrate Mother’s Day. The event dates back to May 9， 1914， ___1___ America’s President Wilson established the official holiday. Some people had begun campaigning for the holiday a few years ___2___ (early). Finally in 1914， the president made it official. He declared that each second Sunday in May ___3___ (dedicate) to thanking the nation’s mothers. He also ordered all government buildings ___4___ (display) the national flag on that day. According to President Wilson，this was done “as a public expression of …love …for the mothers of our country.”Before long， people in other countries ___5___ (begin) asking for a similar holiday to celebrate their mothers. Mexico celebrated its first official Mother’s Day on May 10， 1922. May 10th became their annual holiday because the country preferred a fixed date to ___6___ that changed.Other countries are happy to share the day with the United States. Some on the list include Australia， Belgium， Canada， Denmark， Finland，Italy， Japan and Turkey.Oddly enough，the U.S. Congress rejected a Mother’s Day resolution at first. Today， though，Mother’s Day is a highly popular holiday. It’s also very successful commercially. Along with giving cards， candy and flowers， ___7___ (take) moms out for brunch is a very popular gesture. America’s National Restaurant Association says Mother’s Day is the year’s most popular day for eating out.But why do we honor our mothers? Many moms lovingly dedicate their lives to their children. Moms sacrifice time， sleep and often their own dreams. Moms try to provide a strong foundation ___8___ children can build their lives. With ___9___ (love) care， mothers guide their children toward adulthood.When we consider everything our mothers have done for us， how can we not honor them? There’s no need to wait for a national holiday， though. Every day is a great opportunity to tell our mothers ___10___ they mean to us.【答案】1. when2. earlier3. would be dedicated4. to display5. began6. one7. taking 8. on which/ so that9. loving 10. what【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。
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长春市2020年高三质量监测（一）英语答案及评分参考说明：本试题满分150分。
其中听力30分，笔试120分。
第一部分听力 (每小题1.5分，满分30分)听力原文:Text 1M: You can take out up to five books.W: Here is my borrowing card.M: These are due back in thirty days.Text 2W: Hey, you look concerned. What’s on your mind?M: The final exam. I’m not well prepared yet.W: You still have a week.M: Yeah, but seven days will fly past soon.Text 3W: Two return tickets to London Road.M: That’s £4.50 each, please.W: Here is 10 pounds. By the way, when’s the last bus back?M: 11:00. And your change.Text 4M: My back hurts. I’m going to take some pills.W: I don’t think you need any, Henry. You need to get some exercise. Go out for a walk.Text 5M: Hi, FieFei. Sorry I’m late--Peter and Dave are having an argument in the kitchen. I was trying to calm them down.W: Oh, really? What are they arguing about?Text 6W: Ms. Wilson will give me a lift tonight to go to Steve’s housewarming party. What about you? M: I was going to drive there, but my car broke down this morning. I ended up getting my car into a garage, and I had to take the bus to work. Do you think it’s possible for me to get a ride with you tonight?W: I’m sure that it will be fine, but I’ll ask Ms. Wilson to make sure. I’ll let you know during lunch.M: All right. I will see you at the cafe then.Text 7W: Hi, Billy. You look stronger than before. How do you make it?M: In fact, this change occurred after I joined a health club and took a weight training course. W: How about the course?M: It is very interesting. The coach created a special training program for me.W: Er, it seems effective as your muscles are trained well. I would suggest Zack join the class too, as he always feels weak.M: Great! We can get our training together this evening.W: OK. I’ll call Zack righ t now and tell him about that. By the way, is there any equipment weneed to prepare?M: Oh, no.Text 8M: Jessie, you weren’t at school yesterday. Were you sick?W: No,sir. I was in a car crash.M: Oh my goodness. Are you OK? What happened?W: I have some cuts on my arms but otherwise I’m fine. My mum was driving my sister and me to school, and at 8:10 a.m, we stopped at the traffic lights on River Lane. Then suddenly another car crashed into the side of us!M: Oh dear! Was anyone else hurt?W: Yes, sadly. My mum has broken her leg. My sister wasn’t hurt though. The driver of the other car, called Mr. White was pretty badly injured. He hurt his back. A policeman took all of our words, and then Mr. White went to hospital in an ambulance.M: Do you know why Mr. White crashed into your car, Jessie?W: Yes. He explained he didn’t see the traffic lights turn red, so he drove through instead of stopping.Text 9W: Oh, my! I’m bored with this job.M: Hey! There’s a job that’s perfect for you in today’s paper. You might be interested in it.W: Oh, what is it? What do they want?M: Wait a minute. Ah, here it is. The China Trip Agency is looking for a translator from Chinese to English.W: Well, I got a degree and plenty of experience. What else are they looking for?M: Just that. A university degree and two to three years of experience as a translator in a professional environment. The person should have a lively and open mind, effective communication skills, and the ability to work alone or as part of a team.W: Well, if I stay on my parent job much longer, I won’t have any mind or skills left. What about the salary?M: It depends on the applicant’s education and experience. In addition to basic salary, there’s a list of benefits. Have a look for yourself.W: Um, travel and social security, plus paid vacation. Hey, this isn’t bad. I really want the job. Text 10Attention please! Now I will give you a brief introduction to the Winter Festival. It is afree event for all people to enjoy, and is organized by a team of volunteers. The first Winter Festival was introduced the year before last. Sadly due to a lack of money, no festival was held last year. This year the government may provide $15,000 to the festival. They also persuadedthe businessmen around the town to offer the rest $5,000.There will be a free art exhibition on Friday 18, Saturday 19 and Sunday 20 December inthe Center Park of the town. The opening hours are from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., and there isan opening night only on Friday, from 7:30 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.. Different from other exhibitions, this art exhibition is really a special one because the public will have the chance to watch the paintings which are from the town’s school. And all the paintings are created by the students.It is great that the Festival is going to host a wonderful sound of music in the Main ExhibitionHall this year. This program aims to show some of the musical talents that we have in town. Everyone watching the performance had better not wear formal clothes, but fancy dress. And in the program, you will hear classical music, pop music, rock music and operas.【参考答案】1.A 【命题立意】考查考生对所听内容的简单推断能力。