第10讲.状语从句(一).教师版

内容 基本要求

状语从句（一） 状语从句分类及从属连词 新概念二 第24课

1.重点单词及短语

2.背诵课文

状语从句（一）

状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、

时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before 条件 if, unless 原因 as, because, since 地点 where

目的 so that, in order that 结果 so that, so…that, such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 as

比较

than, (not) as…as,

例：

时间状语从句：

Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 条件状语从句：

As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着， 我就要学习。 原因状语从句：

Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。 地点状语从句：

Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。

第十讲 状语从句（一）

本讲内容

语法考点

清单一、时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的连接词主要有when, while, as, by the time, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as 等。

1．连词when，while 和as 都可表示当……时候,但用法有区别：

（1）when，while 都有“当……时候”的意思。when 既可表示某一时间点，也可以表示某一段时间。在when 引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生，也可在其后发生。

例：I was just reading a book when she came into my room. （came为非延续性动词）When the sun rises, the farmers work in the fields.

（2）while 只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一时间点。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。

例：While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.

（错）While Lin Tao came to see him, Jim was mending his bike.

（对）When Lin Tao came to see him, Jim was mending his bike.

You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV.

（3）另外，when 和while 的区别还在于：while 引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。

例：While they were talking, the bell rang.

I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.

（4）as 意为“一边…一边…”或“与……同时”，重在表示动作同时发生、伴随进行。

例：As he grew older, he became more intelligent.

2．连词before, after, since, until(till).

当他们表示时间时，他们既是介词又是连词。例：

3．词组

① as soon as可译为一……就……，用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。（主将从现）通常情况下，主句用一般将来时，as soon as 引导的从句用一般现在时。

例：I will tell him as soon as he comes back.

As soon as she finishes her homework, she will play tennis.

He will come and see you as soon as he can. 他一有空就来看你。

He rushed home as soon as he got the good news. 他一得到这个好消息就奔回家。

重点：一……就……还可以用on upon doing… 结构来表示。

例：On arriving home he called up Lester. = As soon as he arrived home, he called up Lester.

他一到家就给莱斯特打电话。

② immediately/ instantly /directly 相当于as soon as，从句中用一般过去时态。

例：They phoned her immediately they reached home. 他一到家马上就给她打了电话。

I recognized her instantly I caught a glimpse of her. 我一看见她就把她认出来了。

We came directly we got your telephone. 我们一接到你的电话就赶来了。

③ the moment, the minute, the instant, the second 这几个名词短语也可用作连词，直接引导时间状语从句，表示一….就…。

例：He said he'd turn on TV the moment he got home. 他说他一到家就打开电视机。

Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives. 告诉他，他一到我就要见他。

The second the bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom. 铃一响，学生就冲出了教室。

清单二、地点状语从句

地点状语从句通常由连接词where, wherever引导。

例：Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。

Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。

Where there is water, there is life.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

Wherever you go, I will follow you.== No matter where you go, I will follow you.

I will go wherever I can find a good job.== I will go no matter where I can find a good job.

清单三、方式状语从句

方式状语从句通常由连接词as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though 引导。

1．as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as 从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体。

例：As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。

Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。

You should do your homework as Tom did.

2．as if, as though

两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。译为"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"。

例：They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.

他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.

他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.

看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）

说明：as if / as though 也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，

例：He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。

He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。

清单四、原因状语从句

连接原因状语从句的连接词有because, since, as 和for

例：I didn't go, because I was afraid.