北京小升初语法第十二讲状语从句(初中英语语法状语从句)

状语从句状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。

状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。

知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！时间状语从句：Whenever he comes, he brings a friend.条件状语从句：As long as I am alive, I will go on studying.原因状语从句：Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.地点状语从句：Put it where we can all see it.目的状语从句：Finish this so that you can start another.结果状语从句：He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.让步状语从句：Though he is in poor health, he works hard.方式状语从句：Students do as the teachers say.比较状语从句：The work isn’t as easy as I thought.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！易混引导词while, when, as的区别：when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。

如：When he came in, his mother was cooking.When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day.While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。

如：Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着……”或“一边……一边……”之意。

如：As you get older, you get more knowledge.2．Because, as, since 的区别：Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成“由于”；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成“既然”。

如：Water is very important because we can’t live without it.He didn’t come yesterday as his mother was ill.I’ll do it for you since you are busy.3．such…that, so…that, so that 引导结果状语从句的区别：such是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。

其结构如下：1) such + a (n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词+that……2) such+形容词+复数可数名词+that ……3) such +形容词+不可数名词+that……。

如：This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him.He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.=He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.注：在“形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”结构中，当名词前有many, much, few, little表示数量的多少时，名词前用so。

如：She made so many mistakes that she didn’t pass the exam.一、选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。

1. Jim spends a lot of money on books_although/though_ he is not rich. 【让步】2. Kate fell into sleep _when/while__she was listening to the music.【时间】3. ----Is David at school today?----No. He is at home __because__he has a bad cold.【原因】4. We won’t have supper __until_my mother comes back.(not...until 直到...才...)【时间】5. Speak to him slowly __so that_he may understand you better.【目的】6. _If__ she doesn’t come on Sunday, I’ll go fishing by myself.【条件】7. It is four years __since____I left that small village.【时间】8. _When_____the air moves, it is called wind.【时间】9. We will go to the park __if___it doesn’t rain tomorrow.【条件】10.__Such___little boys did __that____much work. 【结果】11. There are few new words in the passage _but___we can’t understand it.【并列句】12. Go back __where__you come from.【地点】13. He reached the station __before__the train had left.【时间】14. ----Do you have such a swimming pool?----No, we don’t. At least, not __as__big __as___yours.【比较】15. Give me your paper __after___you have finished it.【条件】16. It is raining hard, __so___we have to stay at home.【并列句】17. _Unless_you work harder, you’ll never pass the final exam.【条件】18. Look after the children _when__I am out.【时间】19. The village is __so____far away __that____I can’t get there on foot.【结果】20. That is __such____an interesting book __that____I can’t stop reading it.【结果】一、阅读理解(A)word, into your own language. Take the sentence “How do you do?” as an example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, one at a time, what is your translation? It must be a wrong sentence in your own language.Languages do not just have different sounds, they are different in many ways. It’s important to master the rules for word order in the study of English, too. If the speaker puts words in a wrong order, the listener can’t understand the speaker’s sentence easily. Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes, but sometimes the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn’t change. Let’s see the difference between the two pairs of sentences.“She only likes apples.”“Only she likes apples.”“I have seen the film already.”“I have already seen the film.”When you are learning English, you must do your best to get the spirit of the language and use it as the English speaker does.1. From the passage we know that _______when we are learning English.A. we shouldn’t put every word into our own languageB. we should look up every word in the dictionaryC. we need to put every word into our own languageD. we must read word by word2. The writer thinks it is _______ in learning English.A. difficult to understand different soundsB. possible to remember the word orderC. important to master the rules in different waysD. easy to master the rules for word order3. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. the meaning of an English sentence always changes with the order of the wordsB. The order of words can never change the meaning of an English sentenceC. sometimes different order of words has a different meaningD. if the order of words is different, the meaning of the sentence must be different4. “She only likes apples.” ________.A. is the same as “Only she likes apples.”B. is different from “Only she likes apples.”C. means “She likes fruit except apples.”D. means “She doesn’t like apples.”5. Which is the best title for this passage?A. Different Orders, Different MeaningsB. How to Speak EnglishC. How to Put English into Our Own LanguageD. How to Learn English（B）A young woman was driving through the lonely countryside. It was dark and raining. Suddenly she saw an old woman by the side of the road, holding her hand out as if she wanted a lift.“I can’t leave her out in this weather,” the woman said to herself, so she stopped the car and opened the door.“Do you want a lift?” she asked. The old woman nodded and climbed into the car. After a while, she said to the old woman, “Have you been waiting for a long time?” The old woman shook her head. “Strange.” thought the young woman. She tried again. “Bad weather for the time of year,” she said. The old woman nodded. No matter what the young woman said, the hitchhiker（搭车者) gave no answer except for a nod of the head or a shrug.Then the young woman noticed the hitchhiker’s hands, which were large and hairy. Suddenly she realized that the hitchhiker was actually a man! She stopped the car. “I can’t see out of the rear screen,” she said, “Would you mind clearing it for me?”The hitchhiker nodded and opened the door. As soon as the hitchhiker was out of the car, the terrified young woman raced off.When she got to the next village she pulled up. She noticed that the hitchhiker had left his handbag behind. She picked it up and opened it. She gave a gasp, inside the bag was a gun. ( ) 1. A “lift” in the passage means ___________.A. an elevatorB. an act of raising somethingC. a ride in the carD. help( ) 2. What made the young woman feel strange about the old woman?A. That she gave no answer to her questions.B. That she was unable to speak.C. That she kept nodding her headD. That she had large and hairy hands. ( ) 3. The young woman asked the hitchhiker to clear the rear screen because _______.A.this is the way she thought of to get rid of himB.the hitchhiker frightened herC．the hitchhiker was very helpfulD．she couldn’t see out of the rear screen二、完形填空（A）Greenland is the largest island in the world. It is in the 1 of Europe. Near Greenland is another island. It is small. Its 2 is Iceland. Do you think that Greenland is green and warm? Do you think that Iceland is white with ice? If you do, you are 3 . Not many people live on the big island of Greenland. There 4 more people in your hometown than in all of Greenland. That is because Greenland is not green. Greenland is 5 . Most of the island is covered with lots of ice. The ice covering Greenland is 6 than the world's tallest building. What __7 Iceland? Is it colder than Greenland? No, it is not. Iceland has ice, but not so much ice 8 Greenland. It has a lot of hot springs. They give out hot water and steam. The climate is not as 9__ as Greenland. And there are a lot 10 people who live in Iceland.1. A. east B. west C. north D. south2. A. village B. name C. farm D. town3 .A. wrong B. clever C. right D. bright4. A. must be B. are C. is D. be5. A. yellow B. brown C. blue D. white6. A. more higher B. high C. highest D. higher7. A. of B. in C. about D. on8. A. as B. like C. than D. then9. A. warm B. cold C. not D. cool10. A. many B. much C. more D. most（B）I could not forget the way I had frozen in front of the class. My hands had shaken so badly that, but you worked hard on this project. If I give you until tomorrow, can you find your ___18___?”I had nodded. I had kept my head down, hoping that the school day would ___19___ soon.When I got home that day, I could see an inviting light from the kitchen windows. Momma was baking. When Momma baked, I always watched and chatted with her. She always said it was my ___20___ that made her baked goods taste so sweet.Momma ___21___ my face as I came into the kitchen. “What’s wrong, Nina?”Tears shone in my eyes, I let the whole story out. Momma was silent for a moment. Then she said, “Let me show you something.”I followed Momma to her bedroom. She pulled out a book from her old things, and then ___22___took out a blue ribbon(缎带) that said “First Place” from it.“I started the school year as the ___23___ girl on the speech team, but I ended the year as the blue ribbon winner. I won it for public speaking. It wasn’t easy—I was not sure of myself at all. I worked hard, and mostly I ___24___ my fear. You just need to find your courage.”That was the second time someone had told me that. I followed Momma back to the kitchen. What was it that made me so afraid?Soon Momma’s sweet cake rose in the pans, and the smell of it comforted me as I wondered ___25___ I would find my courage. Momma put a thick piece in front of me. “There’s nothing better for heartache than Momma’s love baked in a cake.”The next day I walked to the front of the classroom to give my presentation again. As I faced the class, I ___27___ the ribbon and the smell of Momma’s kitchen, and then took a deep breath and began to speak with ___28___. Finally I found my courage.( ) 17. A. find B. read C. take D. play( ) 18. A .way B. voice C. talent D. courage ( ) 19. A. end B. come C. return D. change( ) 20. A. love B. wait C. favor D. company ( ) 21. A. held B. dried C. studied D. washed( ) 22. A. happily B. carefully C. silently D. quickly( ) 23. A. shyest B. slowest C. weakest D. plainest ( ) 24. A. forgot B. solved C. faced D. knew( ) 25. A. where B. when C. why D. how( ) 26. A. proud B. sweet C. safe D. full( ) 27. A. remembered B. treasured C. touched D. showed( ) 28. A. energy B. emotion C. pleasure D. confidence三. 阅读与表达Pay it ForwardWhen someone does something nice for you, you probably want to pay that person back. But some people choose to pay forward. It means people do something nice by helping another person who may be in need.In the process, they hope to become part of good deeds that will grow and grow.The idea to “pay it forward” became popular in 2000. But the concept is at least as old as Ben Franklin. in1784 he helped a young man by giving him some money. After that, he wrote the man a letter. He told the man that he refused to be paid back because he wanted the man to help someone who needed money in the future.Everyone can find ways to pay it forward. Kid can pay for someone’s lunch at school. Others could cheer the sick kids in the hospital up or simple hold the open for another person. Many people enjoy coming up with creative ways they can pay it forward. They visit old people’s homes, serve as cleaners, collect cans for charity, and start recycling programs.When going to a drive-through restaurant, some customers like to tell the cashier that they’ll pay for the order of the person in the car behind them. Usually one or two drivers will do this at a time. Sometimes it might go on for several cars. In 2003, the customers at a drive-through coffee shop in Connecticut set a record. More than 1000 drivers in a row paid for the order of the car behind them!So if you receive an act of kindness one day, I’m sure you’ll know exactly what to do. Pay it forward!1.What does “pay it forward” mean?It means people do something nice by helping another person who may be in need.2.When did the idea “pay it forward” become popular?In 2000.3.Why did Ben Franklin refuse to be paid back?Because he wanted the man to help someone who needed money in the future.4.What can kids do to pay it forward at school?Kids can pay for someone’s lunch at school.5.What does the writer want to tell us?We should pay it forward when we receive an act of kindness.。