英语写作手册行文格式

行文格式

Manuscript Form

4.1标点Punctuation

4.1.1逗号(,)(Comma)

逗号表示句子内部的一般性停顿。例如：

●When she came，1 was busy washing my coat.

当你说完came后稍停了一下，那也就是把这个句子写出来时该打一个逗号的地方。但有时由于句子结构的需要也用逗号，即使在没有停顿的地方也一样。

4.1.1.1在并列句中连词yet，but，or，for，so，nor，and等的前面用逗号。例如：

●She asked the question in a loud voice，but no one answered

●She was tired，and she decided to have a rest

●Hurry up，or you‟ll miss the plane．

●She couldn‟t go to the park to meet him，nor could she send anyone instead of her．

●It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet．

●He is a clever boy，yet you can‟t help liking him．

如果两个或两个以上的并列从句在句式上都很简短，意思上又紧密相连，那么它们之间可以不用连词而只用逗号。例如：

●A memoir is history，it is based on evidence．

－E. M. Forster

上面这种逗号的用法属于特殊情况，在文学作品中有时可以

见到。

4.1.1.2如果短语或状语从句被放置在句子的主语前面，或放在

句子中间时，后面应该用逗号。例如：

●When the bell rang, the children rushed out of the classroom.

●In the ancient palace, they saw the throne where emperors used to

sit.

●To see the importance of this road, one has to look at a map.

●Born and brought up in the South, she is not used to eating wheat．

●The audience，interested in the topic, asked the speaker many questions．。

如主语前的状语成分很短，其后可不加逗号，当然也要考虑避

免造成误解。例如：

●On hearing the big noise I knew something terrible had

happened.

●In one corner of the hall they found the injured dog.。

如果主要从句在前，状语成分在后，逗号一般要被

●You‟ll be unable to finish the work in time if you don‟t start at once．

●I was trying to reach her by phone when she walked into my

office．

●He found the document in one of the drawers of his desk．

4.1.1.3一组作用相同的词或短语在一起使用时要用逗号分开。例如：

●She buys beer, milk, vegetables, and many other things from

this supermarket．

在不会造成误解的情况下，连词前面的逗号可省略。

4.1.1.4非限定性定语从句或短语和句子的主要部分之间要用逗号隔开。例如：

●Zhang Hua, who is the best student of the class，will go to a

famous college.

●He had to leave his hometown, where he had 1ived ever since

he was born.

●Mr. Li, the new chairman of the department, will speak at the

meeting.

●An old lady, nodding and smiling, invited us in.

如果是限定性定语从句和短语则不需要用逗号分开。例如：

●This is the house where the famous poet was born.

●The young man who is talking with the foreign reporters is the headmaster of the school.

4.1.1.5插入语的前后需用逗号分开。例如：

●The director, in fact, has done very little work.

●Your work, I‟m sorry to say, is not satisfactory.

4.1.1.6逗号也常常出现在下列句子中。例如：

●Yes, I do.

●No, I don‟t t hink so.

●She is the new student, isn‟t she?

●The meeting will hold on January 25, 2005.

●He said, “It is a fine day today.”

●“It is a fine day today,” he said.

●“Today,” he said, “is a fine day.”

●This factory produced 830,000 bicycles last year.