oracle linux 6.5 安装 oracle 11gR2图文详解

1、oracle linux 6.5.0安装及套件选择用户名root，密码martin使用Basic Server进行安装，并需添加以下套件（1）Base SystemBase System需安装8个套件Base System > BaseBase System > Client management toolsBase System > Compatibility librariesBase System > Hardware monitoring utilitiesBase System > Large Systems PerformanceBase System > Network file system clientBase System > Performance ToolsBase System > Perl SupportOracle Linux 6.5.0上Base System中默认已勾选套件：Base、Hardware monitoring utilities、Large Systems Performance、Network file system client、Performance Tools、Perl Support；Base System中默认无Client management tools套件；Base System中需手动勾选Compatibility libraries套件。

Servers > Server PlatformServers > System administration toolsOracle Linux 6.5.0上Servers中默认已勾选套件：Server Platform;Servers中需手动勾选System administration tools套件。

Desktops > DesktopDesktops > Desktop PlatformDesktops > FontsDesktops > General Purpose DesktopDesktops > Graphical Administration ToolsDesktops > Input MethodsDesktops > X Window SystemOracle Linux 6.5.0上Desktops中默认没有已勾选套件;Desktops中需手动勾选Desktop、Desktop Platform、Fonts、General Purpose Desktop、Graphical Administration Tools、Input Methods、X Window System套件。

Development > Additional DevelopmentDevelopment > Development ToolsOracle Linux 6.5.0上Development中默认没有已勾选套件;Development中需手动勾选Additional Development、Development Tools套件；Applications > Internet BrowserOracle Linux 6.5.0上Applications中默认没有已勾选套件; Applications中需手动勾选Internet Browser套件；套件选择完毕，英文版共1317个Packages，next开始安装。

中文版是1321个Packages 建议使用英文版安装完成，重启2、oracle linux 6.5.0安装后的配置（1）网络配置停止NetworkManager服务，并设为不自动启动修改eth0和eth1的配置文件vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0默认为：修改为：ONBOOT改为yes，BOOTPROTO改为none，并添加IPADDR、NETMASK、GATEWAY、DNS1/2vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1默认为：修改为：ONBOOT改为yes，BOOTPROTO改为none，并添加IPADDR、NETMASK使network服务自动启动：chkconfig network on重启network服务：service network restart网络测试配置完毕。

经过以上配置，已可使用ssh登录。

若SSH服务未启动：service sshd restartchkconfig sshd on修改eth0和eth1的配置文件也可通过setup命令进行。

（2）主机名、DNS配置确认主机名配置：DB.OracleVM在/etc/hosts中将主机名对应配置进去：格式：<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name> 192.168.1.69 DB.OracleVM OracleDB（3）安全配置关闭防火墙：[root@DB ~]# service iptables stopiptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ] iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ] [root@DB ~]# chkconfig iptables off[root@DB ~]#将SELinux设为Permissive模式（1）permissive对于违反规则的操作只会予以记录而并不会拒绝操作）（2）enforcing违反Policy的规则(Rules)都会被SELinux拒绝（3）disable完全禁用SELinux3、修改主要配置文件（1）/etc/sysctl.conf[root@DB ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf增加如下参数（oracle建议）：fs.suid_dumpable = 1fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586其中sysctl.conf中已有，需注释掉：kernel.shmmax = 68719476736kernel.shmall = 4294967296执行sysctl -p让配置生效[root@DB ~]# sysctl -p（2）/etc/security/limits.conf增加如下参数：oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 16384oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft stack 102404、从Oracle Linux 6.5 光盘安装以下软件包# From Oracle Linux 6 DVD[root@OracleDB ~]# cd /media/OL6.5\ x86_64\ Disc\ 1\ 20131125/Server/Packages/ rpm -Uvh binutils-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-2*x86_64* nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-2*i686* nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686*rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*i686*rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh gcc-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh ksh-*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libaio-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libaio-0*i686*rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*i686*rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*i686*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*i686*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4*x86_64*rpm -Uvh make-3.81*x86_64*rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh sysstat-9*x86_64*rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*i686*rpm -Uvh compat-libcap*经测试，只需安装以下包，其他已安装：rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*i686*rpm -Uvh ksh-*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*x86_64*rpm -Uvh libaio-0*i686*rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*i686*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*i686*rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-2*x86_64*rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*i686*5、添加oracle的用户和群组groupadd -g 501 oinstallgroupadd -g 502 dbagroupadd -g 503 opergroupadd -g 504 asmadmingroupadd -g 506 asmdbagroupadd -g 505 asmoperuseradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle passwd oracleoracle用户的密码也是oracle按官方文档需执行本步骤，但我本步未执行Amend the "/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf" file as described below.# Change this* soft nproc 1024# To this* - nproc 163846、路径、权限与环境变量配置（1）路径与权限mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oradatamkdir -p /opt/oraInventorychown -R oracle.oinstall /optchmod -R 775 /opt（2）环境变量[oracle@DB root]$ vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile# .bash_profile# Get the aliases and functionsif [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then. ~/.bashrcfi# User specific environment and startup programsPATH=$PATH:$HOME/binexport PATHexport TMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=$TMPexport ORACLE_HOSTNAME=DB.OracleVMexport ORACLE_UNQNAME=DBexport ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1export ORACLE_SID=orclexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATHexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATHexport CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$CLASSPATH7、安装FTP并上传zip文件ftp用于上传oracle的安装文件[root@DB ~]# yum install vsftpdVsftpd默认为不随系统自动启动[root@DB ~]# chkconfig --list | grep vsftpd上传文件前，再启动vsftpd[root@DB ~]# service vsftpd start使用oracle用户登录FTP，上传以下zip文件到/home/oraclelinux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.ziplinux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip用oracle用户登录linux系统，解压zipunzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zipunzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip获得/home/oracle/database目录若建立oracle用户后未重启过，可能出现FTP无法登陆oracle用户的情况。