雅思阅读听课笔记
环球雅斯听课笔记-阅读
环球雅斯听课笔记雅斯阅读--张岳目标：阅读8分正确35道题十类关键词1）but however yet in fact on the contrary on the other hand conversely whileA butB A为正B一定为负反之亦然用此方法来判断文章的方向性P61 1computerised data storage and electronic mail were to have heralder the paperless office ,but ,contrary to expections , paper comsumption throughout the world shows no sign of abating .前面讲得是电子信息的储存和电子邮件的使用似乎预示的无纸化办公的到来，但是，和期望相反的是，世界范围俩的纸张消耗却灭有下降的趋势。
所以从A可以很容易推出B,从B也可以很容易推出A.节省时间，在遇到生单词和生句子时尤其有用。
2)although A, B A despite B A in spite of B A even if B albet=although虽然A和B的方向向反，但正面条件不影响负面结果的发生，负面条件也不影响正面结果的发生。
While ducks offer many advantages over hens ,they must be given greater quantity of food ,especially if regular eggs are desired .前面讲的是鸭子比母鸡有更多的优势，后面却说他们吃的东西更多。
方向性改变。
They had a wonderful holiday ,despite (介词) the bad weatherThey went our in spite of the rain .I like her even though she can be annoying sometimes .Albet I understand what you say ,I can not agree .3)andA andB A 和B的性质相同，从B向开始回来找AP 10The modrn city consists of monstrous edifices and of dark ,narrow streets full of petrol fumes and tocic gases ,torn by the noise of the taxical,lorries and buses,and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds.第一个and 连接的是of edifices 和 of streets 第二个and 连接的是fumes 和 gases 而第四个and 连接的是三个短语full of torn by throng4)A further more B more over besides in addition what’s moremore importantly递进关系递进处无转折后面承接上文I haven’t time to see the film—besides ,it’s hard dreadful interviews .5) 顺序first…then…next…later on…finallyfirstly…secondly…besides…in the first place…in the second place….6)特殊的关键词—人名地名时间数字生词–为最好的定位标准此时为A-A的重现即题目有A 原文中找到了相同的A7）比较级发现了比较级，在文中要找到比较的三要素—比较级比较点比较方向8）举例for example for instance 冒号破折号9）各段的首句10）因果的关系A becauseB A in that B A for B attribit A to BA为果B为因英语中习惯把结果放在前面as since therefore thus as a result consequently lead to contribute to create incur bring about contribute to affect influence impact effect阅读解题顺序1）skimming 略读文章的标题首句理解文章的大义方向2）reading questions intensively 精读文中题型的第一道题获前两道题（判断正负的题型）划出关键词3）scanning 回原文浏览找出三种关键词的语言重现（发现插入语就跳过）A—A 占到 50%A---B B是A的同义词因果关系的重现原文 A so B A为因B为果题目 B because …肯定就是A了4）reading 发现原文语言重现精读上下文理解含义分析语法得出结论5）reading questions intensively 当作完了n道题后就看n+1道题的题目然后再从3）开始进行循环阅读题型分析单项选择题类型补全句子的选择 P9回答问题类型的选择题 P35解题技巧 1.用排除法筛选出答案当能够判断题目中其他三个选项都是错误的时候即使没有充分的理由证明最后的选项在文章中是正确的，也选它了。
雅思阅读笔记 2
雅思阅读笔记雅思考试介绍•考试流程听---10m---读---写口•评分和评分的地域差异性•Academic reading评分•5分(正确题数15-19个)；5.5分(正确题数20-22个)；6分(正确题数23-25个)；6.5分(正确题数26-29个)；7分(正确题数30-32个)；7.5分(正确题数33-35个)；8分(正确题数36-37个)；8.5分(正确题数38-39个)；•雅思阅读考什么？•话题列举：健康与医学建筑学心理学语言学教育学地质学动物植物昆虫学科技发展历史新科技工商管理交通与城市发展人力资源管理科技与环境自然资源保护科学实验（empirical based research）•雅思阅读考什么•题型广泛•词汇范围有用的网站••C: In the late 1940s the World health Organization challenged this physically and medically oriented view of health. They state that “health is a complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease”(WHO, 1946)E: the fundamental conditions and resources for health are peace , shelter, education, food, a viable income, a stable eco-system, sustainable resources, social justice and equity. Improvement in health requires a secure foundation in these basic requirements. (WHO, 1986) •题目•In which year did the World Health Organization define health in terms of mental, physical, and social well-being?•什么样的词，不可以做定位词•本文的主题词•其他的在本文里可能会多次出现的词•介词，连词，冠词，一般情况下不可以；•填空(三个字以内)：The passage compares the Project in scale to the ____________________.（填入不超过三个单词。
雅思阅读笔记
雅思阅读笔记seek； pursue； go/search/hanker after； crave； court； woo； go/run after雅思阅读笔记1小时完成40道题,时间非常紧.得7分需做对31～32题.拿到文章后先花2～3分钟浏览每段的第一句话,每篇文章总有1～2题就是第一句话,然后读题,每次2～3题.题目是按顺序出的,若第3题在第2段,则第1、2题答案就在第3题前面找.按题目中的关键词进行查找答案,关键词一般挑名词,如下可作为关键词：国名、人名、数字数量、时间若前面有before/after时,文中往往不会直接出现,会被替换掉、引号内的词、粗体缩写词.答案成正态分布,连续4题答案一样是不可能的.一、T/F/NG题型1、同义替换型包括同义词、同义结构例题：1、Few are more than five years old.Q：Most are less than five years old.出题思路：同义结构2、Frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are a loss to explain their demise.Q：Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.出题思路：同义词当然包括近义词难点：要结合上下文来理解,不能只是对比词汇.3、Tiffany was established in the environment.Q：Tiffany was incorporated into the environment.4、The nature of scientific method is inductive.Q：The scientific method is inductive.答案：1、T 2、T 3、T 4、T2、总结归纳型原则：所见即所得,原文讲的就是答案,不要扩展.例题：1、For example, it has been demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihood of arrest only if responses are in the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by the police. When response times increase to 3-4 minutes——still quite a rapid response——the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced.Q：A response delay of 1-2 minutes may have substantial influence on whether or not a suspected criminal is caught.答案：1、T3、内容矛盾型例题：1、A species becomes extinct when the last individual dies.Q：A species is said to be extinct when only one individual exists.2、PVA has been successfully used in United States to provide input into resource potential for using population viability toassist wildlife management in Australia’s forest.Q：PVA has been used in Australia for many years.3、You may qualify for the Common Interest Group system, if you are one of at least ten adults who are travelling together.Q：The Common Interest Group scheme does not apply if there are 11 adults in the group.答案：1、F 2、F 3、F4、范围限定型标志性词：guarantee must only例题：1、Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all Daybreak tours are subject to demand, Subject to availability, stand-bytickets can be purchased from the driver.Q：Tickets must be bought in advance from an authorized Daybreak agent.2、Since the Winter Games began, 55 out of 56 gold medals in the men’s Nordic skilling events have been won by competitors from Scandinavia or the former Soviet Union.Q：Only Scandinavians have won gold medals in the men’s winter Olympics.答案：1、F 2、F5、修饰词不同型例题：1、Frogs are sometimes poisonous.Q：Frogs are usually poisonous.2、Without a qualification from a reputable school or university, it is unlikely to find a good job.Q：It is impossible to get a good job without a qualification from a respected institution.出题思路：unlikely与impossible的词义辨析,unlikely指不太可能,而impossible指不可能.答案：1、F 2、F6、条件不同型原有修饰语起限定作用,题目将其去掉了,使意思明显不同.例题：1、The Internet has often been criticized by the media as a hazardous tool in the hands of young computer users.Q：The media has often criticized the Internet because it is dangerous.答案：1、F7、包含型题目的范围真包含于原文的范围,只是其中的一个部分.例题：1、Our computer club provides printer.Q：Our computer club provides color printer.2、Tourists in Cyprus come mainly from Europe.Q：Tourists in Cyprus come mainly from UK.答案：1、NG 2、NG8、主客观型标志性词：vow/swear aim/goal/purpose例题：1、He vowed he would never come back.Q：He never came back.2、His aim was to bring together, once every four years, athletes from all countries on the friendly fields of amateur sport. Q：Only amateur athletes are allowed to compete in the modern Olympics.答案：1、NG 2、NG9、未知型例题：There are many books on psychology in the library.Q：Alen borrowed some books from the library.答案：NG应试技巧：1、题目中出现“only”一词时,答案只可能是F或者NG,其中F的可能性达95％.2、题目中出现“than”一词时,答案NG的可能性为50％,F和T的可能性各为25%.3、中庸型题目,即有“possibly”、“probably”、“may/might”等词时,答案只可能是T或者NG,其中T的可能性达95％.4、“if”型题目,当出现“if/whether”时,答案往往为if/whether条件下的结果,答案只可能是F或NG,可能性各达50％,关键看那个结果.练习：剑3 P21 18~21、P26 36~39、P40 1~4；剑4 P20 1~8、P48 16~23二、Summary注意：做题前先审清题目,是对全文的还是对文中某一段的.1、填空题型出题原则：1符合顺序原则；2答案一定能在原文中找到,且必须用原文中的词填空；3题目以替换其他词来增加难度.解题步骤：1通读题目或读2~3题；2预判词性和内容；3根据字数限制要求,原文未超过的照抄原文,原文超过了则对原文相关词进行取舍.2、选择题型出题原则：1符合顺序原则,极个别情况除外；2答案一般在原文中找不到,会被替换掉；3题目的词被替换掉.解题步骤：1根据题目信息先猜答案,按顺序为：语法结构、词的用法,一定按此顺序进行,把错误选项先排除；2结合上下文选择.应试技巧：约1/2的答案是在段落的最后一句话中.练习：剑4 P44 1～4、P73 22～26、P77 37～40；剑5 P18 4～7、P28 38～40、P50 28～34、P92 18～23三、Multiple Choice1、单选题1细节题出题原则：符合顺序原则；只考虑细节,不考推理.解题思路：选原文最接近的选项.2举例题现很少考3主旨题解题方法：放到文章最后做,一定要文章每段都看：第一段看第一和最后一句,其他段看第一句话.例：若一篇文章有7段,选项为：A第二段主旨；B第3段第一句话；C第3～6段主旨；D第七段主旨；E第1～2段主旨.则选C练习：剑3 P26 40；剑4 P22 14、P29 37～392、多选题解题方法：一定要看题目,可能就关键词缩小范围,绝对不要全文找,答案是某一两句话的同义替换,每道题目最多涉及一段.练习：剑4 P94 20～23 剑5 P18 1～3四、List of headings题一般题目在前,文章在后,出题思路：考查段落主旨1、单段式解题步骤：1找出主题句,缩小范围；2根据答案间的区别查找文章下文；3排除法.一般每段的主题句为第一、第二句的可能性为70％.若第二句顺着第一句的意思讲或没有转折词,如however/nonetheless/nevertheless/but/yet等的话,第一句为主题句；若第二句出现了转折词,且第二句话的观点与第一句相反,这种可能性为75％左右,这时第二句为主题句,否则还是第一句为主题句.最后一段话是主题句的可能性为10％,段中的可能性为5％,其他情况为没有明显的主题句.练习：剑3 P23 29～33 剑3 P107 28～312、多段式解题思路：每段都要看,每段看主题句,主题句的找法同单段式.练习：剑5 P85 1～3 剑4 P70 14～17五、Matching题1、专有信息配对题出题思路：不符合顺序原则,寻找细节.解题步骤：根据题目和选项的关键词进行定位.2、段落信息配对题出题思路：不符合顺序原则,阅读量大.解题步骤：每段文章的第一句话要读,是先看题目再找文章还是先看文章再找题目,根据段落的长短,如果文章段落较短的可先看文章后找答案,如文章中的段落较长,可先读2～3题,根据关键词进行定位后读文章.考试中一篇文章若同时有这两种题型时,将这篇文章放到最后做,并先做专有信息配对题,再做段落信息配对题.练习：剑3 P123 28～33剑4 P44 5～9 P52 27～40剑5 P22 14～19 P64 5～10 P73 27～31剑6 P18 1～11六、其他题型1、Diagram Completion图表完成题不完全符合顺序原则,先分析图上的信息,根据关键词进行定位.2、Short Answer Questions/Flow Chart/Table Completion/Sentence Completion这四种题型都符合顺序原则,都是寻找细节,先根据题目预判答案的词性和内容,然后根据关键词进行定位.练习：剑4 P25 15～21 剑5 P41 4～8。
环球雅思高分课堂笔记 IELTS考试技巧
环球雅思高分周末班课堂笔记(学术类)Reading/Listening评分标准表：Reading/Listening5.5 19-226.0 23-266.5 27-297.0 30-317.5 32-348.0 35-368.5 37-389.0 39-40Listening注意听降调，重读，被重复注意连读：In eighteen … [ei]In nineteen … [ai]1. Note-taking题一心二意，单词拼写与发音Do not: 翻译，中文，全神贯注第4个字母是p,b,m，前面都是com, 剩下的都是con, 除了：comfortable听数字时，注意：8和9，50和15，“1+2”只听数字，忽略thousand, million…0．508：naught point five o eight$9.5 nine dollar fifty2. 地图题：找箭头，读参照物，绝对+相对，形状+大小：square, round, circle, sphere...3. 主观题：pre: 划路标词找“关系”：并列：and, 并列符号因果：for, so…路标词后，注意：语音，语调：降调，重读，被重复；空格前后的单词；下一题的路标词记录，不要拼写单词注意格式：名词：单复数，大小写Venue = place = where 一律大写，name, course课程名大写4. 表格题：路标词是时间均为间接给出有so后就有答案5. 判断题：（考点）数字（19，90；8，9；数字后名词偷换）；否定词（hardly, little, never…）; 比较，最高级；动宾搭配；绝对词（every, none, only, must）; 相对词if, sometimes; 情态动词6. 单选题：时间，城市无法AB重现选项区别大：正确答案肯定在题干后（先浏览题干），通常AB重现（语序调整意义不变，核心词，同意词<adj,n>）干扰选项：语音干扰…this means…答案已过去错误搭配Not given备注：所谓AA重现：题目与原文基本一致，照搬过来；AB重现：同义，近义，反义，上下义（从属关系）7. 多选题：AB重现+被否定并列连词后anything else?熟悉被选项，耳到眼到一连串的被选项同时被提到，第一个被提及通常是正确选项，答案跟并列词后8. 配对题Matching词性配对，题干定位Section 1 Interview Q-A, Discussion Q-A‟-A‟‟-A（最后原则，最后被确定的是答案，so后）填空，注意字数，尽量用原文，冠词，程度副词可省略S3 Q-A-SummarySo, why not, just say 后永远有答案时间安排：最先2‟30看S3，S4题干，当example的答案听到第2遍时开始回头看S1 S1听力中明辨是非，限制词性及内容ReadingSkills: SQSRC（一定要看！！！很有用的阅读步骤，平行阅读法,千万不要看完一整篇后做题）1.Skim 1-2‟大标题，段首句（1，2段必看，后面可挑看）2.Question 精读一个Q，划信号词（大写，引号，括号，数字，人名，地名，时间，专有名词，特殊名词，特殊状态名词…）3.Scan (根据信号词回原文寻)语言重现AA,AB,AC(句子内部和句子之间的关系的重现;因果,转折,比较)4.Read carefully 精读上下句5.Check and confirm 规范(审题,语法);心理概况: A类先找信号词,定位再答题3篇文章60分钟内完成词汇量要求:7000-8000题型: 重点:选择,Summary, TF/NG, Heading主旨题次重点: 图表, SAQ, SC, Matching1.Multiple Choice原则: 1) 我没选绝对词(90%): have to, never, only…2) 我没选”比较”比较级,最高级,<,>,干扰项3) 我的选项留有余地may, could, might, sometimes, perhaps4) D选项为ALL, 2条件必选ALL: A,B,C不相干; 出处有表示列举的词:and, also, another, additional, other, apart from, as well, in addition to5) 当题干短, 分析归类选项, 再验证6) D选项为NONE, 2步走: 文中划出所有A.B或其共同成分; 逐一验证其限定成分文中出现数字: 20%考点,20%信号词,60%垃圾,看大小即可2.Summary看语法,理思路短文首句要精读, 起止位置要明确,留意AB重现(包括非空格部分), 生词可照搬,有时调整顺序和主被动关系分类: 续写,有选项; 改写(几乎全文,有选项; 2,3段,无选项; 不知道几段)3.判断形式: TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN; YES/NO/NOT GIVEN 答案要写全,写准确（YES和TRUE要分清，不能混写，不能缩写Y/T）定义: T Passage 与Question吻合F PQ 矛盾,冲突NG 未提及;有提及,但不相关,既不吻合,也不矛盾,证据不充分,不足以判断,不确定,不知道原则:其他条件不变: P小,Q 大, EG. Influence > reduce, T/Y其他条件不变: P 大, Q 小NGF: PQ明显矛盾(正反词,否定)不明显矛盾,PQ不能够同时成立NG: P主观, Q客观P用主观词(predict, assume…) Q去掉主观词,且不加委婉词(can,will,may…)总量与部分无关补充: NG不占多数,一次做两题,比较时要慎重(比较双方,比较点,比较方向; 3者一致---T,前2要素一致,第3要素相反---F; Q中比较,P中不比没比---NG)注意修饰语的明显差别PQ 在数量,范围,频率,程度,可能性上存在明显差别P: SOME Q: ALL ----F4.Heading划例子,划段落精读所有选项,划信号首末句精读,第2句兼顾,中间浏览对比分析定答案注意:先细节后主旨;正确选项通常为原文主题句的AB重现若某选项与原文某些字词AA重现,一般不选不能重复选印刷体书写罗马数字5.图表题:定位3步法: 定位到某段,某句,某词6.Matching形式: TIME/EVENTS G类CAUSE/ EFFECTPEOPLE/OPPIONCONCEPT/ EXPLAINA TIONPRODUCER/ PRODUCTORGANISITION/ FUCTION G类Detail & ParagraphWhich paragraph contains the following information? 最后做注意:乱序节省时间:做题前尽可能一次性记住所有题干的关键词题干通常AA,选项通常AB可以重复选7.Short answer Question看清楚疑问词,完整句: 首字母大写,成分:小写即可8.Sentence Completion有选项:先语法后意义Writing20‟+40‟2种写法：段首顶格,段与段间隔一行(better) / 段首空4个英文字符段与段不空行Task 120分钟内写完分清什么图----找研究对象----2大审题方法Picture常考：A. Line graph / Curve chart 曲线图Bar chart / Column diagram 柱形/条形图Pie chart 饼图B. Flow chart 流程图一般分3段，尽可能用被动语态，不用第一人称A时态：Part 1 Simple Present（现在所见的）Part 2 Simple past （the changes itself in the past）Part 3 Simple present (现在所看到的趋势)Basic Pattern:连接手段必须有“如图所示”；四大要素，首段末句点题Part 1 4 major factors: pictures, objects, time, and dataPart 2 4 changes (textual level) + 6 comparisons (sentence level)Part 3 小结+趋势(上升或下降)4 changes: 升降波平6 comparisons:分比；比率；倍；分（1/3）；数值；排位place, positionBFlow chart: 一般现在时，中间多用被动语态Part 1 2-3 major factors: pictures, objects, given conditions, (materials given)Part 2 Process described: Passive被动（with connectives: step / stage）Part 3 Result indicated两大审题方法：切割分析法就明显的曲线形状进行切割分段（2条线不在一条直线上，2条线不属于同类变化）；迅速标上段号和点号，点>段（如下图，4点3段）1 2 3 4简易图示法如：3块饼图，每块有ABCD4个对象，则分别对这4个对象进行分析，看其各在1-2，2-3图中的变化趋势（上升或下降）Task 2 40分钟完成高分词汇：AA，AB重现；连字符词语: win-win situation; 名词化短语；一词多义的单词：bridge n. / vt. Brave adj. / vt. 勇敢面对六大结构：后置定语；排比句not only… but also…等；同位语；名词性从句；虚拟语气；否定兼倒装：Only in this way can we…; Not only verb + subjectFirst and Last注意首句和末句；首段和末段；每段的首句和末句五种题型：(1side一分写法，正或反面选其一；2side两分写法，正反面都要写，易拿高分)Do you agree /disagree? What is your opinion? (1/2-side)观点性辩论文To what extent do you agree or disagree? (1/2-side)Discuss both sides… (2-side)现象/说明性论述文Problem-Solution (Why-Because, Causes-Effects) (2-side)General-Particular (2-side)1 辩论文（一分法/二分法）一分法完全赞成/反对Part 1 我同/反间接或直接点题Part 2 同/反1同/反2 理由，举例Part 3 我同/反二分法7-8分1 2 3Part 1 我同/反/中立间接点题Part 2 同同反反反同Part 3 我同/我反/中立我同我反3种写法：势均力敌同=反先扬后抑同>反先抑后扬同<反第一种“同=反”比较难写，不要轻易尝试Part 1 首段末句必须中立点题Part 2 中间部分必须互反：利弊，迟早，新旧，今昔对比互反Part 3 末段首句必须明确表态（赞成/反对）2．论述文Question-Answer PatternPart 1 WhatPart 2 Why1Why2Part 3 How常考话题：新技术，电脑代替传统的工具等；教育；环境资源；家庭；交通；政府资助Speaking尽量多说复杂句，定语从句，虚拟语气等1. General topics 4-5min “warm-up” familiar topics个人情况等等强调adj. Adv. Number. negative名词动词比喻修饰2. Particular topics 说1-2min 之前1min准备3．Abstract questions 4-5min Discuss!!!万能话题：旅游a place；平凡的人；名人；书最新雅思大作文不变应万变语篇通式Mighty Writing[Given Info Analysed on the Textual and lexical Levels]:[Chinese Version]:[English Version]:Analysed and Written by Prof HAN Pinyu in Nanjing Global IELTS School, on April 2, 2007Writing 写作模板最好不要全部照搬，有能力自己做点修改，使其个性化很大程度上：to a large extent, in a great/large degree, for the most part很小程度上：to some extent, in some degree, for some part/partly/in partTask 1除流程图外：As can be seen from the picture(table/figure/diagram/ line graph/bar chart/pie chart), it illustrated (shown) explicitly (obviously) X (that X covers the years/months from … to …).According to / In accordance with the figures / data (dada无复数) given in the picture, X significantly (greatly/ dramatically/ noticeably) fell from … to … in 19.. to in 19.., whereas. Also / Moreover / Furthermore from the picture it can be seen that there was a sharp decline / increase from…, while…. Based upon / Relying on the figures / data given in the picture, it started / had its starting point at … in 19.., reached the highest point / peaked at … in 19.. and gave its finishing point / finished at …in 19..; on the contrary, …. In addition to / What is more what has previously been referred to , the remaining / rest of all the figures (the other figures) did not indicate/ display/ show a noticeable increase or decrease; on the other hand/ in contrast,…From not only what was demonstrated in the picture but also what has been mentioned/specified or described earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that there is (seems/appears to be用seem/appear不能用clearly) a tendency which is on the (gradual/ remarkable) increase/ decline (of object)….流程图：As can be seen/ shown from the picture/ flow chart, it illustrates/ shows explicitly/obviously X. There are some conditions/materials given in the picture…. The general process which concerns/ involves several/some cycles will be described/ conveyed as follows.In the first stage,…Next is the second stage in which…After that we have the third stage where…Finally in Stage Four…From not only what was demonstrated/showed in the picture but also what has been mentioned earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that only in this way or by this kind of process can (subject: Oil)… be made or produced.Task 2:1 - Side:There, nowadays/ at the present/ currently, exists a heated/ hotly debated discussion on …(Title).Some people maintained the idea that,…Unfortunately, other people hold the opinion that… I back/support/side with/take the side of/ do (dis)agree with the idea that…(直接)/ I share the idea with the former/latter, which is that…(间接).One (dis)advantage which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that…In fact…Let us take one example/ for example/instance… Let us have another example…. Let us give/ render/ present/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ show still another example…Explicitly/ clearly/ apparently/ indeed/ undoubtedly….Another negative/positive side which must be considered/ given consideration to is that…As a matter of fact… For example….Take the as another example… Take it as a case in point…It is self-evident that…. One /The first/ The main reason which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that… Another/ The second factor which must be given consideration to is that…. Still another/ the third rationale which we must attach importance/attention to is that….2 - Side:At present there is a hot topic which never ever fails to provoke a heated discussion on….Some are firmly in favor of the opinion or notion that…does great harm to …. Yet others/ other people are firmly assured/fully convinced that…Before my opinion is given or presented it would be better for me to discuss/have a detailed discussion on both sides as follows.We should highlight the notion that…since there are several reasons for us to say that. One reason.... Another reason… (Facts stated/ Example given可以参照前面一分法的模板斜体字部分) From what has been mentioned before/previously/initially, it can be seen explicitly that…Seemingly/ Unfortunately, we should rethink the idea that……… (Facts stated/ Examples given). So it can be seen explicitly or self-evident that…Personally I am strongly in support of the idea or the circumstance that… (Solution: It is about time that…did …. Only in this way can …)Problem – Solution Pattern:首段末段与1/2分法类似，中间两段陈述理由，举例，如：One/ the first/main reason that can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is …. To start/begin with …In addition …Furthermore/What is more….(Let us take one example…Let us have another example…….) It is clear/evident that ….Another/the second reason that must be considered/given consideration to is… In the first place …. In the second place/next place …. Then … Finally… From what has been mentioned previously, we can see very clearly/explicitly that….写作真题（选择一些常考题，可平时模拟练习，具体请参考雅思机井）050108IeltsA Task 2: We can get knowledge from news, but some people think we can’t trust the journalist. What‟s your opinion? And what do you think is the important qualities that a journalist should have?050122IeltsA Task 2: The recent figure of crimes committed by the young people is increasing in major cities throughout the world. Discuss what the possible reasons for this problem are and how to solve it.050219IeltsA Task 2: Leisure is a growing industry. Nowadays, more modern technology used in entertainment. This may lead people to less creative. Do you agree or disagree?050226IeltsA Task 2: Nowadays people perform the everyday task such as banking, shopping as well as business transaction, without meeting person face to face. What are the possible social effects upon the individual and society as a whole?050312IeltsA Task 2: It is generally believed that education is of vital important to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions?050402IeltsA Task 2: The pressure upon the school and university students is increasing and students are pushed to work too hard for their young age. Do you think it is positive or negative for their development?050416IeltsA Task 2: The advantages of the spread of English as a global language will continue to outweigh its disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree?050709IeltsA Task 2: Some people think that the government should pay for health care and education, but other people think that it is nor government‟s responsibility. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.050806IeltsA Task 2: Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away”culture, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. To what extent do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem?好词好句A. Classification of Topic Area s—社会是一个更加概括的词，表示的也许是在一个国家的人民及他们相互间的关系。
经典雅思阅读笔记
On the evening of July 24, 2021
Courseware template
还有可能的段落主题句是。。。
4 直接解释法 ——下定义句型：
That is …/ This is …/These/Those
On the evening of July 24, 2021
aptitude/attitude/altitude
It is not your aptitude but your attitude that determines your altitude.
On the evening of July 24, 2021
Courseware template
第三个技能：语法突破
Courseware template
5 间接解释法——例子解释法
注意例子前面的陈述句 LEADING SENTENCE
for example/for instance/ such as/like/to illustrate/specifically
On the evening of July 24, 2021
第四个技能：强化技巧
专门适用于雅思考试的技巧 VS 提高自身英语水平的技巧 e.g: TRUE, FALSE,NOT GIVEN
On the evening of July 24, 2021
Courseware template
TRUE/ FALSE/ NOT GIVEN YES/ NO/ NOT GIVEN 判断题
On the evening of July 24, 2021
SKIMMING
Courseware template
《雅思阅读笔记》课件
填空题
填空题解析
填空题要求考生根据题干提供的信息 ，填入适当的词语或短语。填空题的 难度通常比选择题要高，因为考生需 要自己组织语言回答问题。
答题技巧
在解答填空题时，考生需要仔细阅读 题干，理解需要填入的内容。同时， 考生还需要注意题目中的细节，如时 态、单复数等，以免出现错误。
判断题
判断题解析
2023
PART 03
阅读题型解析阅读中最为常见的题型之一，要求考生从给定的选项中选择正确的答案。在解答选择题时，考生需 要仔细阅读题干，理解问题的要求，并快速定位到相关的文本信息。
答题技巧
对于选择题，考生可以采用排除法，排除明显错误的选项，提高答题的准确率。同时，考生还需要注意题目中的 陷阱，如否定词、比较级等，以免误选答案。
理解复杂句子的技巧
总结词
深入理解文章内容，提高阅读理解能力。
详细描述
通过分析句子结构、识别长难句和把握文章逻辑等技巧，深入理解复杂句子的含 义，更好地把握文章内容。
推理和判断技巧
总结词
根据已知信息进行推理和判断，得出正确答案。
详细描述
通过逻辑推理、上下文推断和排除法等技巧，根据已知信息进行推理和判断，得出最符合逻辑的答案 。
2023
《雅思阅读笔记》 ppt课件
REPORTING
2023
目录
• 雅思阅读简介 • 阅读技巧 • 阅读题型解析 • 阅读策略和技巧 • 阅读词汇和短语 • 模拟试题和答案解析
2023
PART 01
雅思阅读简介
REPORTING
什么是雅思阅读
01
雅思阅读考试是评估考生阅读理 解能力的标准考试，包括三篇学 术文章和相应的阅读理解问题。
雅思阅读笔记
阅读笔记一、List of Headings（段意匹配）1、题目特点：（1）唯一出现在文章前面的题（2）标题通常有剩余（3）并非原文中每一段都有匹配（4）标题与段落一一对应2、解题思路：（1）确认有待匹配的段落（2）画出标题中的核心词（3）重点阅读各段首、末两句，快速扫面其余文字，预判大致含义（4）通过“核心词”+“标题含义或结构”的方法确认答案3、题型总结：（1）对于A of B、A to B、A for B结构的标题，核心词画B（2）若标题中上述结构B位置的单词大面积雷同，改为画A（3）对于“adj.+n.”结构，核心词画名词（4）对于“v.+n.”结构的标题，核心词画名词（5）若标题中有可数名词复数，段落中应有原词、同义词和罗列的形式与之对应（6）介词（引导状语部分）前后的名词应作为核心词（7）并列结构中的名词应作为核心词（8）若标题是句子，主语和宾语应作为核心词（9）核心词出现在段落中，是该标题成为段落大意的前提条件（排除法的使用依据）（10）抽象概括的小标题要加倍留心（通过排除法）（11）含有相同特殊性的段落与标题之间的匹配是正确的（12）转折联词后的内容绝对不能放过yet/but/however/whereas/nevertheless（13）含有“总—分”结构段落中“分”说部分核心词的标题一定不能选（14）含有段落“上镜率”高的单词的标题是该段的大意二、Summary（总结摘要）1、题目特点：（1）考查范围：部分与全文（2）题目顺序与原文一致（3）答案多为名词性原词重现2、解题思路：（1）明确阅读范围和答案的字数限制（2）划出每道小题中的定位词，并判断空格处的词性（3）通过定位词所在原文内容，并结合词性确定题目的最终答案Summary（with choices）1、题目特点：（1）考查范围分两种：部分与全文（2）题目顺序与原文内容相一致（3）答案原词重现与同义替换的混搭2、解题思路：（1）明确阅读范围和选项的使用次数（2）辨别选项词性，分析选项语义关系（3）画出每道小题的定位词，并结合选项判断空格处的词性（4）通过定位词在原文内容及选项，确定题目的最终答案3、题型总结：（1）在不超过数字限制的情况下，尽可能保留修饰、限定作用的成分（2）如果字数超限，从左向右依次删（3）对于空格处的词性判断要做到“瞻前顾后”（4）通过对生词词性及其在句中的成分的判断有助于最终答案的确定（5）对于题目内在逻辑关系的分析不仅可以更高效的划分定位词，还能更准确地把握答案的词性和词义（6）对于特征格外明显的题目可采用非常规的做题方法或答题顺序（7）对于答案范围不明显的题目可依据顺序原则：“掐头去尾”把控范围（8）a或the引导答案时，其本身就可以用于定位环节（9）注意选择类总结摘要题的干扰项形式，尤其注意近义词（10）确定选项可以被多次使用的唯一标识是“NB”三、Multiple Choice（选择题）1、题型特点：（1）考查类型：单选（细节与主旨题）和多选（细节）（2）题目顺序与原文内容相一致（主旨题不存在顺序问题）2、解题思路：（1）画出题目中的定位词（2）回原文查找有定位词出现的地方（3）边看该处文字，边看选项（4）选择与题意相符的最佳答案3、题型总结：（1）定位词有时可来自于选项（2）题意是判定选项“最佳性”的唯一标准（3）注意观察、分析选项间的异同性（4）细节、微观的选项是单选主旨题的常见干扰项四、Matching（搭配题）1、题型特点：（1）考查类型：人物类（说与做）和事物类（内容与属性）（2）选项可能会被多次使用（多次使用条件：题目个数大于选项个数、NB）（3）题目的本质是单选（4）题目不遵循顺序性原则2、解题思路：（1）明确选项的使用次数（2）选取并画出定位词（3）将原文扫读一遍，用不同的符号将各类定位词标注出来（4）仔细阅读每类定位词周围的文字，通过同义表述选出最终的答案3、题型总结：（1）通常情况下，在题目与选项两者间个数较少的一方划分定位词（2）如果出现有专业术语，应以其作为定位词（3）如果出现动宾结构，可通过谓语动词将题目或选项区分为“说”类和“做”类，使解题更具有针对性（4）人物类搭配题在原文中的呈现方式：full name, family name, 引号，代词（5）若定位词在原文中出现的次数差异明显，可按照“由少到多”的顺序来做题（6）通过题目或选项中熟识的单词即可完成排除法的使用五、TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN（判断题）1、题型特点：（1）整体句义（2）顺序一致（3）细节微观2、解题思路：（1）画出题目中的定位词（2）依据定位词是否出现进行初步判断①若所有画的定位词都没出现，选NOT GIVEN②若有定位词出现，参看“解题步骤3”（3）依据定位词所在内容进行二次分析①原文中有对应信息，且文字内容方向一致甚至相同，选YES/TRUE②原文中有对应信息，但文字内容方向相反或矛盾，选NO/FALSE③原文中没有或有部分对应信息，选NOT GIVEN3、题型总结：（1）答案必须大写全拼，但要注意两种书写方式（2）是非的判断是建立在一件事的基础上（3）不同的两件事只能选NOT GIVEN（4）如果只有三道小题，通常会有一道NOT GIVEN （5）无论多少道小题，NOT GIVEN最多两道。
Optbyt剑桥雅思阅读课堂笔记
生命是永恒不断的创造，因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力，它不断流溢，越出时间和空间的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
－－泰戈尔The Analysis and Solution of Cambridge IELTS （4、5、6、7）环球雅思温亮明IELTS Reading（剑4. 5. 6. 7）第1章IELTS中关于阅读文章中是非判断题分析1.1 是非题中关于“only”题的总结（共11题，8F, 2NG , 1T）总结：剑4、5、6中共有“only”题（是非判断）7小题，5题F，2题NG，剑7中共有“only”题（是非判断）4小题3F，1T。
F机率远大于NG及T1.2 是非题中关于比较级的总结（共24题，5F, 12NG, 7T）剑7中比较级考点（是非判断）共计4小题1F，2NG，1T剑4.5.6比较级考点（是非判断）共计20小题，6T，10NG，4F总结：NG＞T＞F1.3 是非判断题中同级比较（the same …as…）(…as well as…)的总结剑4.5.6共计the same …as题4道2T，1NG，1F剑7共计2题同级比较，1T，1 F总结: 剑4.5.6.7 阅读真题中同级比较考点无规律可循1.4 剑桥IELTS阅读文章中是非判断题解决方法1、是非判断题的出题顺序与其在原文中定位句（处）的顺序是一致的，所以做此类题时必须有方向感，即Q1题在文中定位要在Q2前边，Q2题在原文中定位句要在Q3原文定位处前边……例如：剑5，P23，T1P2Q26 题目中独特定位词为sociobiology，在para.F 和para.I 中都出现了，第一次出现是在Q25题原文定位处的前面，第二次出现在Q25题原文定位处的后面，因为Q25与Q26两题具有顺序性，所以Q26题的答案应在原文Q25题原文定位处的后面的para.I中定位，而不是在Q25题原文定位处的前面的para.F找答案。
环球雅思高分周末班课堂笔记_IELTS考试技巧
高分周末班课堂笔记(学术类)Reading/Listening评分标准表：5.5 19-226.0 23-266.5 27-297.0 30-317.5 32-348.0 35-368.5 37-389.0 39-40Writing20‟+40‟2种写法：段首顶格,段与段间隔一行(better) / 段首空4个英文字符段与段不空行Task 120分钟内写完分清什么图----找研究对象----2大审题方法Picture常考：A. Line graph / Curve chart 曲线图Bar chart / Column diagram 柱形/条形图Pie chart 饼图B. Flow chart 流程图一般分3段，尽可能用被动语态，不用第一人称A时态：Part 1 Simple Present（现在所见的）Part 2 Simple past （the changes itself in the past）Part 3 Simple present (现在所看到的趋势)Basic Pattern:连接手段必须有“如图所示”；四大要素，首段末句点题Part 1 4 major factors: pictures, objects, time, and dataPart 2 4 changes (textual level) + 6 comparisons (sentence level)Part 3 小结+趋势(上升或下降)4 changes: 升降波平6 comparisons:分比；比率；倍；分（1/3）；数值；排位place, positionBFlow chart: 一般现在时，中间多用被动语态Part 1 2-3 major factors: pictures, objects, given conditions, (materials given)Part 2 Process described: Passive被动（with connectives: step / stage）Part 3 Result indicated两大审题方法：切割分析法就明显的曲线形状进行切割分段（2条线不在一条直线上，2条线不属于同类变化）；迅速标上段号和点号，点>段（如下图，4点3段）1 2 3 4简易图示法如：3块饼图，每块有ABCD4个对象，则分别对这4个对象进行分析，看其各在1-2，2-3图中的变化趋势（上升或下降）Task 2 40分钟完成高分词汇：AA，AB重现；连字符词语: win-win situation; 名词化短语；一词多义的单词：bridge n. / vt. Brave adj. / vt. 勇敢面对六大结构：后置定语；排比句not only… but also…等；同位语；名词性从句；虚拟语气；否定兼倒装：Only in this way can we…; Not only verb + subjectFirst and Last注意首句和末句；首段和末段；每段的首句和末句五种题型：(1side一分写法，正或反面选其一；2side两分写法，正反面都要写，易拿高分)Do you agree /disagree? What is your opinion? (1/2-side)观点性辩论文To what extent do you agree or disagree? (1/2-side)Discuss both sides… (2-side)现象/说明性论述文Problem-Solution (Why-Because, Causes-Effects) (2-side)General-Particular (2-side)1 辩论文（一分法/二分法）一分法完全赞成/反对Part 1 我同/反间接或直接点题Part 2 同/反1同/反2 理由，举例Part 3 我同/反二分法7-8分1 2 3Part 1 我同/反/中立间接点题Part 2 同同反反反同Part 3 我同/我反/中立我同我反3种写法：势均力敌同=反先扬后抑同>反先抑后扬同<反第一种“同=反”比较难写，不要轻易尝试Part 1 首段末句必须中立点题Part 2 中间部分必须互反：利弊，迟早，新旧，今昔对比互反Part 3 末段首句必须明确表态（赞成/反对）2．论述文Question-Answer PatternPart 1 WhatPart 2 Why1Why2Part 3 How常考话题：新技术，电脑代替传统的工具等；教育；环境资源；家庭；交通；政府资助Speaking尽量多说复杂句，定语从句，虚拟语气等1. General topics 4-5min “warm-up” familiar topics个人情况等等强调adj. Adv. Number. negative名词动词比喻修饰广东大学论坛/最新雅思大作文不变应万变语篇通式Mighty Writing[Given Info Analysed on the Textual and lexical Levels]:[Chinese Version]:[English Version]:Analysed and Written by Prof HAN Pinyu in Nanjing Global IELTS School, on April 2, 2007 Writing 写作模板最好不要全部照搬，有能力自己做点修改，使其个性化很大程度上：to a large extent, in a great/large degree, for the most part很小程度上：to some extent, in some degree, for some part/partly/in part流程图：As can be seen/ shown from the picture/ flow chart, it illustrates/ shows explicitly/obviously X. There are some conditions/materials given in the picture…. The general process which concerns/ involves several/some cycles will be described/ conveyed as follows.In the first stage,…Next is the second stage in which…After that we have the third stage where…Finally in Stage Four…From not only what was demonstrated/showed in the picture but also what has been mentioned earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that only in this way or by this kind of process can (subject: Oil)… be made or produced.广东大学论坛/Task 2:1 - Side:There, nowadays/ at the present/ currently, exists a heated/ hotly debated discussion on …(Title).Some people maintained the idea that,…Unfortunately, other people hold the opinion that… I back/support/side with/take the side of/ do (dis)agree with the idea that…(直接)/ I share the idea with the former/latter, which is that…(间接).One (dis)advantage which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that…In fact…Let us take one example/ for example/instance… Let us have another example…. Let us give/ render/ present/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ show still another example…Explicitly/ clearly/ apparently/ indeed/ undoubtedly….Another negative/positive side which must be considered/ given consideration to is that…As a matter of fact… For example….Take the as another example… Take it as a case in point…It is self-evident that…. One /The first/ The main reason which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that… Another/ The second factor which must be given consideration to is that…. Still another/ the third rationale which we must attach importance/attention to is that….2 - Side:At present there is a hot topic which never ever fails to provoke a heated discussion on….Some are firmly in favor of the opinion or notion that…does great harm to …. Yet others/ other people are firmly assured/fully convinced that…Before my opinion is given or presented it would be better for me to discuss/have a detailed discussion on both sides as follows.We should highlight the notion that…since there are several reasons for us to say that. One reason.... Another reason… (Facts stated/ Example given可以参照前面一分法的模板斜体字部分) From what has been mentioned before/previously/initially, it can be seen explicitly that…Seemingly/ Unfortunately, we should rethink the idea that……… (Facts stated/ Examples given). So it can be seen explicitly or self-evident that…Personally I am strongly in support of the idea or the circumstance that… (Solution: It is about time that…did …. Only in this way can …)Problem – Solution Pattern:首段末段与1/2分法类似，中间两段陈述理由，举例，如：One/ the first/main reason that can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is …. To start/begin with …In addition …Furthermore/What is more….(Let us take one example…Let us have another example…….) It is clear/evident that ….Another/the second reason that must be considered/given consideration to is… In the first place …. In the second place/next place …. Then … Finally… From what has been mentioned previously, we can see very clearly/explicitly that….好词好句A. Classification of Topic Area s—社会是一个更加概括的词，表示的也许是在一个国家的人民及他们相互间的关系。
101816-英语-雅思-备考资料-0813阅读福利课第三讲主要内容及笔记总结
阅读福利课第三讲：-本节课的主要内容1. 段落中心题介绍及做题方法讲解2. 段落中心题练习及讲解3. 匹配题介绍及做题方法讲解4. 常见的匹配题练习及讲解①List of headings: 段落中心题-一般出在文章前面，作为第一种题型-要求：阅读自然段，选出中心思想-乱序-只针对一篇出题-难度：五颗星-考察学生能力：读懂一个自然段并归纳-出现概率高-若不出这种题目则会出paragraph matching-不能随便蒙，会有连锁错误-注意事项：1）划掉例子中的heading,不可再选2）拿不准的先放弃，难题最后做3）优先做细节题，如true/false/not given或者summary等List of headings: 段落中心题-做题方法：1.中心句法：基础较好的同学，中心句明显的时候2.关键词法：基础薄弱的同学，对自然段没有印象，中心句不明显寻找中心句：-什么是中心句？注意：每个自然段的中心句=heading对中心句的同义改写-中心句的特点：（主要这三种）1.自然段首句的总结2.举例前的观点句(for example)3.转折词所在的句子（however, but）-List of headings做题方法一：中心句法做题方法①：-1. 划出每一段的首句，认真精读首句-2. （除了首句外，还可以考虑）划出for example前面的那一句话以及however所在的句子-3. 与heading进行同义替换-List of headings做题方法二：关键词法1.划出heading的keywords,看在哪个自然段出现率最高2.Keywords在某个自然段只出现一次的情况不可选3.Keywords出现两次以上（含同义词），可选-注意：这个方法有不全面的地方，因为有可能一个自然段的确出现了关键词几次，但是却与heading不匹配，这时候需要和中心句对应法所结合。
-两个方法相结合，效果最好。
-正式做题：1.划出每一段的首句、或者for example前面的观点句以及however所在的句子2.划出heading中所有的定位词，并在原文圈出来尽量两个方法相结合。
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1．Story time （why robins hop?）读故事，背单词。
协作练习，顺带点名
2 unit7 strip down to bare happiness
回顾前情
Sara and Michael were fed up with their wasteful and busy life style so they changed their jobs and started a simple lifestyle.
How did they make adjustment to the new lifestyle?
3．课文讲述（11-13）
The author found it hard to gather the resolve and courage to live a simple lifestyle.
单词和语言点以及重要句子
（大家自己找点词汇写写好了）
11萨拉和迈克尔借给我一本手册，名为《营造简朴生活方式的99种方法》Sara and Michael lent me their copy of 99 Ways to a Simple Lifestyle，里面全是适用于任何生活状况的实用可行的建议a handbook of practical suggestions that can be applied to anyone’s living situation。
我仔细地阅读了I read it carefully，在一些方面我给自己打了高分giving myself high marks in some areas，而在另一些方面我为身上存在的社会所认可的不理智行为感到惊讶surprised at my socially sanctioned irrational behavior in others。
12那天晚上，我陪女儿去购物That night, accompanying my daughter on a shopping trip，碰巧看见一条和我们的厨房墙纸颜色匹配而价钱又不贵的擦手毛巾I came across an inexpensive hand towel that matched our kitchen wallpaper 和一双漂亮得难以抵挡其诱惑的“特价”凉鞋and a pair of “bargain” sandals too
handsome to resist。
当我站在停车场时When I stood in the parking lot，感觉自己花了11美元离开商店之后并没有比进商店时更加开心$11 poorer, no happier on leaving the store than I had been entering it，此时此刻我觉得自己就像个孩子I felt like a child，面对自己的一时冲动竟会不由自主helpless in the face of my own impulse。
13我们乘坐的这只购物旋转木马，其实是一个幻觉世界It is a world of illusion, this shopping merry-go-round we ride，但由于它不停地旋转并富有刺激性but with all the action and excitement，有时我们很难找到决心和勇气从木马上下来it is
sometimes hard to find the resolve and the courage to dismount。
4．课后词汇练习。