新课标2016年高三英语寒假作业1

新课标2016年高三英语寒假作业1第Ⅰ卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ARecently, I was invited to a writing class at my old high school. I accepted the __41__ because it‟s always fun to see what young writ ers are up to. A few hours before the class, I got the __42__ that I often get before I go into a school — nausea(反胃) and the fear that I‟m about to get into __43__.When I __44__ into a school, all the old feelings come back：__45__ teacher is going to get mad at me; the headmaster is going to make me take a note home.But I‟m not alone in having __46__ feelings from school days. Often people talk about bad __47__they still have about being unprepared for a(n) __48__ test. Others say that being picked on and not being __49__ for a team are still terrible memories for them. So it‟s no __50__ that adults sometimes act like they‟re still in school.My __51__ memories are about teachers getting mad at me. I was often ashamed of the serious crime of “talking out of turn”，a guy who couldn‟t keep his __52_ shut.I realize that the answer is to face the feelings, __53__ avoid them. So I volunteer at a school once a week. Each week, I‟m a little more __54__ when I walk into the office to _55__. And I admit tha t sometimes when the headmaster __56__ me with a smile, I think he‟s planning to call my mother to say I should dress a little nicer __57__ I visit his school. But by the end of my time there, I feel __58__.Now I‟m __59__ my next volunteer day at school. In fact, I might get there a little earlier so I can spend __60__ more time there.41. A. challenge B. present C. invitation D. offer42. A. message B. chance C. wish D. feeling43. A. mood B. trouble C. thought D. panic44. A. arrive B. walk C. admit D. rush45. A. another B. many C. the other D. some46. A. amazing B. fascinating C. exciting D. lasting47. A. situations B. places C. experiences D. dreams48. A. important B. easy C. recent D. average49. A. chosen B. noted C. concerned D. adapted50. A. doubt B. way C. wonder D. secret51. A. best B. longest C. worst D. latest52. A. heart B. eyes C. mouth D. hands53. A. rather than B. except for C. as to D. instead of54. A. stressed B. annoyed C. tired D. relaxed55. A. sign in B. check out C. take off D. get up56. A. impresses B. greets C. shocks D. refuses57. A. when B. since C. whether D. unless58. A. anxious B. strong C. nervous D. strange59. A. reflecting back to B. looking forward toC. getting away fromD. taking over by60. A. also B. still C. even D. everBAt Bristol Zoo Gardens you can enjoy an amazing world of animals, all within our award-winning 12 acre gardens. With over 400 species and nine animals houses under cover, it‟s one of the best days out in Bristol whatever the weather. We suggest you allow 2-5 hours for your visit to really take in everything we have to offer.By visiting Bristol Zoo you will be directly contributing to the conservation of endangered species and habitats. Admission prices at Bristol Zoo include a 10% voluntary donation to help support our conservation projects.With so many things to do in Bristol Zoo, it really is one of the top attractions in Bristol and the South West.Adopting an AnimalHelp us look after your favorite animal by becoming an animal adopter; it makes a fantasticgift for any age!Choose from 10 of our favorite animals to adopt, which costs just ￡45. Adopt them in a matter of minutes online.Opening hoursWe‟re open every day from 9 am to 5:30 pm in peak season, and close at 5 pm during off peak. The Zoo is closed on Christmas Day. Last entry to the Zoo is an hour before closing time and animal houses close half an hour before closing time.Traveling by busOur bus service is operating every 30 minutes on Sundays and public holidays only. The service will enable guests to travel to the Zoo or anywhere along the route. The service is FREE to Bristol Zoo members — all you need to do is bring your membership card.We encourage all of our guests to use public transport when coming to the Zoo.33. By visiting the zoo, you will ______.A. contribute to protecting endangered speciesB. enjoy a 10 % discount off the admissionC. become a volunteer for species at the zooD. be asked to donate extra money for conservation34. What message can we get from the text?A. You can take care of 10 favorite animals.B. The zoo is opened all the year around.C. Visitors are encouraged to come by bus.D. The zoo provides free public transport.35. Where can we most likely read the text?A. At the geography text.B. In a science magazine.C. At the entrance to zoos.D. On the Internet.CWhen a dog loses a leg, the animal eventually figures out the best way to get around on three legs. In a short time, the dog learns to deal with its physical disability.Now, scientists have developed robots that behave in much the same way.We can find robots everywhere. Robots build cars, play chess and can clean your house. They may someday drive your car, too.Two robots, named Spirit and Opportunity, were sent to Mars on a mission to explore the redplanet.Jeff Clune is a computer scientist with the University of Wyoming. He says robots also help people in natural disasters.Robots are deployed in search and rescue operations following an earthquake. They may someday also be used to examine the wreckage of a nuclear accident, like the one in Fukushima, Japan.Mr. Clune says robots can be sent to a lot of places said to be unsafe.“The problem is that all of those types of situations and environment are extremely unpredictable and dangerous. And it is very likely that robots and humans in those situations become damaged.”He and other scientists are developing technology so that robots will continue operating after the first sign of injury. They want the machines to have the ability to make changes and continue performing until they can be repaired.Mr. Clune and researchers in France have added one more operation to the skill set of robots working under difficult conditions. They say they programmed a hexapod robot, one with six legs, and a robotic arm to learn how to deal with injury. Their findings were reported in the journal “Nature”.Mr. Clune said that once the robots become damaged, they use their intuition and knowledge of how their body works to find a way to deal with the damage.He says the robots are also programmed with child-like curiosity. In other words, they are always asking questions and looking for answers. The whole process takes about a minute for the robots to find a way to overcome damage.66. At the beginning of the passage, the writer mentions dogs to __________.A. provide examples of how animals deal with unexpected injuryB. show how scientists get inspiration from dogs to develop technologyC. introduce the topic in a more attractive wayD. suggest that scientists shouldn‟t ignore the similarity between dogs and robots.67. According to the passage, nowadays robots can‟t __________.A. play chess or clean the houseB. be sent on a mission to explore on the MarsC. help people in search and rescue operations following an earthquakeD. examine the wreckage of a nuclear accident68. Why are Mr.Clune and other scientists devoted to developing the technology?A. They want to succeed in programming robots with child-like curiosity.B. They expect to enable robots to continue working despite injury under difficult conditions.C. They intend to make robots which can be sent to a lot of places said to be unsafe.D. They are determined to design a more powerful robot for Mars exploration.69. Now scientists have developed robots that, once damaged, can __________.A. rely on their functions to figure out a way to handle the emergency.B. figure out the best way to get around in a short timeC. spend about a second finding a way to overcome damageD. maintain their child-like curiosity and keep asking people around for solutionsDSuppose you become a leader in an organization. It‟s very likely that you‟ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization‟s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Let‟s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can s hift people‟s wish of participation from an internal (内在的) factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it‟s important to me”) to an external (外在的) factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I‟m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experie nce”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “V olunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers‟ expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity... Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.32. People volunteer mainly out of ______ .A. academic requirementsB. social expectationsC. financial rewardsD. internal needs33. What can we learn from the Florida study?A. Follow-up studies should last for one year.B. V olunteers should get mentally prepared.C. Strategy training is a must in research.D. Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.34. What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?A. Individual differences in role identity.B. Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.C. Role identity as a volunteer.D. Practical advice from researchers.35. What is the best title of the passage?A. How to Get People to V olunteerB. How to Study V olunteer BehaviorsC. How to Keep Volunteers‟ InterestD. How to Organize Volunteer Activities第二节（七选五共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。