英语数学公式、数字、符号的表达法

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数学符号的英语表达

数学符号的英语表达

1。

Logic∃there exist∀for allp⇒q p implies q / if p, then qp⇔q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent2.Setsx∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax∉A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of AA⊂B A is contained in B / A is a subset of BA⊃B A contains B / B is a subset of AA∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection BA∪B A cup B / A join B / A union BA\B A minus B / the diference between A and BA×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B3。

Real numbersx+1 x plus onex—1 x minus onex±1 x plus or minus onexy xy / x multiplied by y(x - y)(x + y)x minus y, x plus yx/y x over y= the equals signx = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) yx≡/y(x不等于y)x is not equivalent to (or identical with) yx > y x is greater than yx≥y x is greater than or equal to yx < y x is less than yx≤y x is less than or equal to y0 < x 〈 1 zero is less than x is less than 10≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equalto 1| x | mod x / modulus xx 2 (x的平方)x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x 3 x cubedx 4 x to the fourth / x to the power fourx n x to the nth / x to the power nx −n x to the (power) minus nx的(算术)平方根(square) root x / the square root of x x的立方根cube root (of) xx 的4次方根fourth root (of) xx 的n 次方根nth root (of) x( x+y ) 2 x plus y all squared( x/y ) 2 x over y all squaredn! n factorialx ^ x hatx ¯ x barx ˜ x tildex i xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i∑ i=1 n a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the a i4。

最新英语中数学用语表达

最新英语中数学用语表达

英语中数学用语表达㈠ 加、减、乘、除表示法1+2=3 One plus two is three.One and two is three.10-3=7 Ten minus three is seven.4×8=32 Four times eight is thirty-two.Four multiplied by eight is thirty-two. 10÷2=5 Ten divided by two is five.上面等式中的is 可以用equals 或is equal to 代替。

㈡ 小数、分数、百分数表示法1.5 one point five 0.1 zero point one 18.234 eighteen point two three four其中,小数点读point 的音标;0 读 zero 或nought ;小数点后的数字依次用基数法读出。

12 a/one half 23two thirds 14one fourth 或 a quarter 756seven and five sixths 3:4 three to four 53﹪ fifty percent 或 fifty percent㈢大于、小于、等于表示法a>b A is greater/more than b.a<b A is less than b.a=b A is equal to b. 或A equals b.㈣平方、平方根、立方、立方根等表示法a2 a square 或the second power of aa the square root of a或the second root of a a3 a cube / the 3rd power of a3a the cube root of a / the 3rd root of a(a-b)2 the second power of a minus b(a+b)3the third power of a plus b圆circle半圆semicircle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE)扇形sectorcircumscribe表示“在周围划线、限制”坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin正数positive number负数negative number奇数odd number偶数even number整数round number加add,plus减subtract差difference乘multiply, times积product除divide余数remainder根号root sign平方根square root乘方power二次方,平方square三次方,立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power (to raise to the power of four)角angle角度degree直角right angle平角straight angle。

数学英语专业加减乘除计算

数学英语专业加减乘除计算

数学英语专业加减乘除计算英语口语中的数学跟书面上的数学语言有很大差别。

没有经历过英文环境下的小学和中学教育,可能一开始上纯英文授课的数学课或是其它的专业课,很多的数学符号、表达式、公式从老师的嘴里说出来都听不懂。

虽然拿着专业课本我们能看懂里面的公式、符号,因为毕竟数学也算是一门语言,但是我们却开口讲不出来怎样描述这些数学符号和公式。

中文名称:加法相关符号:+举例: 1 + 2 = 3 augend + addend = sum相关词汇:addition 加法、plus sign 加号、plus symbol 加号、augend 被加数、addend 加数、sum 和口语表达: One plus two equals three. 一加二等于三。

One is the augend, two is the addend, and three isthe sum. 1是被加数,2是加数,3是和。

The sum of one and two is three. 1与2的和是3。

If you add one and two, you get three. 1加上2,得到3。

We are doing an addition (operation). 我们在做加法(运算)。

中文名称:减法相关符号:-举例: 8 - 6 = 2 minuend -subtrahend = difference相关词汇:subtraction 减法、minus sign 减号、minus symbol 减号、minuend 被减数、subtrahend 减数、difference 差口语表达: Eight minus six equals two. 8减去6等于2。

8 is the minuend, 6 is the subtrahend, and 2 isthe difference. 8是被减数,6是减数,2是差。

8, subtract/deduct 6 gives you 2. 8减去6,得到2。

英语中数字的表达方式Word版

英语中数字的表达方式Word版

英语中数字的表达方式one million eight hundred and eighty-four thousand four hundred数词:主要分为基数词和序数词两类。

一、数词的分类1. 基数词表示数目的词称为基数词。

其形式如下:A.从1——10one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.B.从 11——19eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.这里除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。

C.从 21——99整数几十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。

表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”21 twenty-one 76 seventy-sixD.百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and.101 a hundred and one320 three hundred and twenty648 six hundred and forty-eightE.千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。

从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加 thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加 million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加 billion。

然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。

2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-fourF.基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现。

符号、数字、时间的英文读法

符号、数字、时间的英文读法

各种符号的读法` 1.backquote 反引号;2.grave accent 重音符~ tilde (=swung dash) 鼻音化符号! exclamation mark,不读@ at# number sign, 英语国家hash,美语pound sign,音乐里作sharp,如C# $ dollar% percent^ caret& ampersand* asterisk, star(美语),数学公式中作multiply( parenleft,opening parentheses) parenright,closing paretheses- minus; hyphen连字符,不读_ underscore+ plus= equal[ bracketleft,opening bracket] bracketright,closing bracket{ braceleft} braceright; semicolon: colon' quote引号" doublequote/ slash\ backslash 反斜杠| bar, comma< less> greater. period (full stop)? questionspace 空格一些特殊符号的英文读法<is less than>is more than≤is not less than≥is not more than≢is less than or equal to 小于或等于号-hyphen 连字符≣is more than or equal to 大于或等于号'apostrophe 省略号,英文中省略字符用的撇号;所有格符号%percent‟per mille-dash 破折号∞infinity 无限大号∝varies as 与…成比例( )parentheses 圆括号√(square) root 平方根[ ]square brackets 方括号∵since; because 因为《》French quotes 法文引号;书名号∴hence 所以…ellipsis 省略号∷equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例¨tandem colon 双点号∟angle 角∶ditto同上≨semicircle 半圆‖parallel 双线号≦circle 圆/virgule 斜线号○circumference 圆周~swung dash 代字号△triangle 三角形§section; division 分节号≧perpendicular to 垂直于→arrow 箭号;参见号∪union of 并,合集∩intersection of 交,通集∫the integral of …的积分ªplus or minus 正负号∑summation of 总和×is multiplied by 乘号©degree 度÷is divided by 除号†minute 分‡second 秒≠is not equal to 不等于号≡is equivalent to 全等于号℃Celsius degree 摄氏度≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号希腊字母的读法α—Αalpha ['ælfa]—β—Βbeta ['bi:ta / 'beita]γ—Γgamma ['gæma]δ—Γdelta ['delta]ε—Δepsilon ['epsil☜n / ep'sail☜n]δ—Εzeta ['zi:ta]ε—Ζeta ['i:ta / 'eita]ζ—Θtheta ['θita]η—Ηiota [ai'☜uta]θ—Κkappa ['kæpa]ι—Λlamda ['læmda]κ—Μmu [mju:]λ—Νnu [nju:]μ—Ξxi [ksai / gzai / zai]ν—Οomicron [☜u'maikran]π—Πpi [pai]ξ—Ρrho [r☜u]ζ—΢sigma ['sigma]η—Σtau [tau]υ—Τupsilon ['ju:psil☜n / ju:p'sail☜n] θ—Φphi [fai]χ—Υchi [kai]ψ—Φpsi [psi:]ω—Χomega ['☜umiga / ☜u'mi:ga]数学中的英语表示法一、小数表示法1、小数用基数词来表示,以小数点为界,小数点左首的数字为一个单位,表示整数,数字合起来读;小数点右首的数字为一个单位,表示小数,数字分开来读;小数点读作point,0读作zero或o[ u],整数部分为零时,可以省略不读。

数学符号的英文表达

数学符号的英文表达

university
university
∫ the integral of [ˈ ɪntɪgrəl] n.整体; 积分; …的积分 ∑(sigma) the summation of …的和 ∏(pi) the product of …的积 lim x→ 0 + the limit as x approaches zero from above lim x→ 0 − the limit as x approaches zero from below dy the derivative of y [dɪˈr ɪvətɪv] n.导数,微商 f'( x ) f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to x f''( x ) f doublend derivative of f with respect to x f'''( x ) f triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to x
Mean Valve Theorem
Theorem: If f’(x) = 0 on [a,b] The f’(x) constant on [a,b]. i.e. f(x) = f(a) for all x belong to (a,b] Proof: Assume there is a special x-value and f(x)≠f(a) Then (f(x)-f(a)) / (x-a) = m ave ≠0 There is a point C in (a,x) with f’(c) = m ave ≠0 Then this contradicts the given fact that f’(x) =0 for all x belong to (a,b) So the assumption f(x) ≠f(a) must be fake and instead, f(x)=f(a) for all x belong to (a,b]. Theorem : [ˈθ ɪərəm] n.定理 i.e. : [ˈa ɪ ˈi:]abbr.(=that is) 即,换言之

数字符号英文表达

数学符号以及希腊字母的英文表达+ plus 加号;正号- minus 减号;负号± plus or minus 正负号× is multiplied by 乘号÷ is divided by 除号= is equal to 等于号≠ is not equal to 不等于号≡ is equivalent to 全等于号∈ is a member of the set⊂ is a subset of∽ similar to≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号< is less than 小于号> is more than 大于号≮ is not less than 不小于号≯ is not more than 不大于号≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号% per cent 百分之…‰ per mill 千分之…∞ infinity 无限大号∝ varies as 与…成比例√ (square) root 平方根e the base of natural logarithms,approx.2.71828x! factorial x, x(x-1)(x-2)---1log n x log x to the base nlnx log x to the base e(natural logarithm) lgx log x to the base 10(common logarithm) |x|the absolute value of x∵ since; because 因为∴ hence 所以∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例∠ angle 角⌒ semicircle 半圆⊙ circle 圆○ circumference 圆周π pi 圆周率△ triangle 三角形∥ parallel to⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于∪ union of 并,合集∩ intersection of 交,通集∫ the integral of …的积分∑ (sigma) summation of 总和° degree 度′ minute 分〃 second 秒℃ Celsius system 摄氏度°F Fahrenheit华氏{ open brace, open curly 左花括号} close brace, close curly 右花括号( open parenthesis, open paren 左圆括号) close parenthesis, close paren 右圆括号() brakets/ parentheses 括号[ open bracket 左方括号] close bracket 右方括号[] square brackets 方括号. period, dot 句号,点 vertical bar, vertical virgule 竖线& ampersand, and, reference, ref 和,引用* asterisk, multiply, star, pointer 星号,乘号,星,指针/ slash, divide, oblique 斜线,斜杠,除号// slash-slash, comment 双斜线,注释符# AmE pound or BrE hash井号\ backslash, sometimes escape 反斜线转义符,有时表示转义符或续行符~ tilde 波浪符. full stop 句号, comma 逗号: colon 冒号; semicolon 分号? question mark 问号! exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语)' apostrophe 撇号- hyphen 连字号-- dash 破折号... dots/ ellipsis 省略号" single quotation marks 单引号"" double quotation marks 双引号‖ parallel 双线号& ampersand = and~ swung dash 代字号§ section; division 分节号→ arrow 箭号;参见号αΑ alpha 【'æfə】βΒ beta 【'beitə】γΓ gamma 【'gæmə】δΔ delta 【'deltə】εΕ epsilon 【'epsilən】ζΖ zeta 【'zi:tə】ηΗ eta 【'i:tə】θΘ theta 【'θi:tə】ιΙ iota 【aɪ'əʊtə】κΚ kappa 【'kæpə】λ∧ lambda 【'læmdə】μΜ mu 【mju:】νΝ nu 【nju:】ξΞ xi 【ksi:】οΟ omicron 【əu'maikrən】π∏ pi 【pai】ρΡ rho 【rəu】σ∑ sigma 【'sigmə】τΤ tau【taʊ】υΥ upsilon 【'epsilən】φΦ phi 【fai】χΧ chi 【ki:】ψΨ psi 【psai】ωΩ omega 【'əumigə】给大家推荐一个英语微信群Empty Your Cup英语微信群是目前学习英语最有效的方法,群里都是说英语,没有半个中文,而且规则非常严格,是一个超级不错的英语学习环境,群里有好多英语超好的超牛逼的人,还有鬼佬和外国美眉。

MathEnglish数学式子英语表达法

17.2.1999/H.V¨a liahoPronunciation of mathematical expressionsThe pronunciations of the most common mathematical expressions are given in the list below.In general,the shortest versions are preferred(unless greater precision is necessary).1.Logic∃there exists∀for allp⇒q p implies q/if p,then qp⇔q p if and only if q/p is equivalent to q/p and q are equivalent2.Setsx∈A x belongs to A/x is an element(or a member)of Ax/∈A x does not belong to A/x is not an element(or a member)of AA⊂B A is contained in B/A is a subset of BA⊃B A contains B/B is a subset of AA∩B A cap B/A meet B/A intersection BA∪B A cup B/A join B/A union BA\B A minus B/the difference between A and BA×B A cross B/the cartesian product of A and B3.Real numbersx+1x plus onex−1x minus onex±1x plus or minus onexy xy/x multiplied by y(x−y)(x+y)x minus y,x plus yxx over yy=the equals signx=5x equals5/x is equal to5x=5x(is)not equal to5x ≡yx is equivalent to (or identical with)y x ≡yx is not equivalent to (or identical with)y x >yx is greater than y x ≥yx is greater than or equal to y x <yx is less than y x ≤yx is less than or equal to y 0<x <1zero is less than x is less than 10≤x ≤1zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1|x |modx /modulus x x 2x squared /x (raised)to the power 2x 3x cubed x 4x to the fourth /x to the power four x nx to the n th /x to the power n x −n x to the (power)minus n √x (square)root x /the square root of x 3√x cube root (of)x 4√x fourth root (of)x n √xn th root (of)x (x +y )2x plus y all squared x y 2x over y all squaredn !n factorialˆx x hat¯x x bar˜x x tildex ixi /x subscript i /x suffix i /x sub i n i =1a i the sum from i equals one to n a i /the sum as i runs from 1to n of the a i4.Linear algebrax the norm (or modulus)of x −−→OAOA /vector OA OAOA /the length of the segment OA A TA transpose /the transpose of A A −1A inverse /the inverse of A5.Functionsf(x)fx/f of x/the function f of xf:S→T a function f from S to Tx→y x maps to y/x is sent(or mapped)to yf (x)f prime x/f dash x/the(first)derivative of f with respect to xf (x)f double–prime x/f double–dash x/the second derivative of f withrespect to xf (x)f triple–prime x/f triple–dash x/the third derivative of f with respectto xf(4)(x)f four x/the fourth derivative of f with respect to x∂f∂x1the partial(derivative)of f with respect to x1∂2f ∂x21the second partial(derivative)of f with respect to x1∞0the integral from zero to infinitylimx→0the limit as x approaches zerolimx→+0the limit as x approaches zero from abovelimx→−0the limit as x approaches zero from belowlog e y log y to the base e/log to the base e of y/natural log(of)yln y log y to the base e/log to the base e of y/natural log(of)yIndividual mathematicians often have their own way of pronouncing mathematical expres-sions and in many cases there is no generally accepted“correct”pronunciation. Distinctions made in writing are often not made explicit in speech;thus the sounds fx may be interpreted as any of:fx,f(x),f x,F X,F X,−−→F X.The difference is usually made clear by the context;it is only when confusion may occur,or where he/she wishes to emphasise the point,that the mathematician will use the longer forms:f multiplied by x,the function f of x,f subscript x,line F X,the length of the segment F X,vector F X.Similarly,a mathematician is unlikely to make any distinction in speech(except sometimes a difference in intonation or length of pauses)between pairs such as the following:x+(y+z)and(x+y)+z√ax+b and√ax+ba n−1and a n−1The primary reference has been David Hall with Tim Bowyer,Nucleus,English for Science and Technology,Mathematics,Longman1980.Glen Anderson and Matti Vuorinen have given good comments and supplements.数学名词的英文翻译数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom定理 theorem计算 calculation运算 operation证明 prove假设 hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题 proposition算术 arithmetic加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand加数 addend和 sum减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend减数 subtrahend差 remainder乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数 multiplicand, faciend乘数 multiplicator积 product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend除数 divisor商 quotient等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于 is greater than小于 is lesser than大于等于 is equal or greater than小于等于 is equal or lesser than运算符 operator平均数mean算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根 倒数(reciprocal) x的倒数为1/x有理数 rational number无理数 irrational number实数 real number虚数 imaginary number数字 digit数 number自然数 natural number整数 integer小数 decimal小数点 decimal point分数 fraction分子 numerator分母 denominator比 ratio正 positive负 negative零 null, zero, nought, nil十进制 decimal system二进制 binary system十六进制 hexadecimal system权 weight, significance进位 carry截尾 truncation四舍五入 round下舍入 round down上舍入 round up有效数字 significant digit无效数字 insignificant digit代数 algebra公式 formula, formulae(pl.)单项式 monomial多项式 polynomial, multinomial系数 coefficient未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式 equation一次方程 simple equation二次方程 quadratic equation三次方程 cubic equation四次方程 quartic equation不等式 inequation阶乘 factorial对数 logarithm指数,幂 exponent乘方 power二次方,平方 square三次方,立方 cube四次方 the power of four, the fourth powern次方 the power of n, the nth power开方 evolution, extraction二次方根,平方根 square root三次方根,立方根 cube root四次方根 the root of four, the fourth root n次方根 the root of n, the nth rootsqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732sqrt(5)=2.236常量 constant变量 variable坐标系 coordinates坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标 x-coordinate纵坐标 y-coordinate原点 origin象限quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede(方程的)解solution几何geometry点 point线 line面 plane体 solid线段 segment射线 radial平行 parallel相交 intersect角 angle角度 degree弧度 radian锐角 acute angle直角 right angle钝角 obtuse angle平角 straight angle周角 perigon底 base边 side高 height三角形 triangle锐角三角形 acute triangle直角三角形 right triangle直角边 leg斜边 hypotenuse勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形 obtuse triangle不等边三角形 scalene triangle等腰三角形 isosceles triangle等边三角形 equilateral triangle四边形 quadrilateral平行四边形 parallelogram矩形 rectangle长 length宽 width周长 perimeter面积 area相似 similar全等 congruent三角 trigonometry正弦 sine余弦 cosine正切 tangent余切 cotangent正割 secant余割 cosecant反正弦 arc sine反余弦 arc cosine反正切 arc tangent反余切 arc cotangent反正割 arc secant反余割 arc cosecant补充:集合aggregate元素 element空集 void子集 subset交集 intersection并集 union补集 complement映射 mapping函数 function定义域 domain, field of definition 值域 range单调性 monotonicity奇偶性 parity周期性 periodicity图象 image数列,级数 series微积分 calculus微分 differential导数 derivative极限 limit无穷大 infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小 infinitesimal积分 integral定积分 definite integral不定积分 indefinite integral复数 complex number矩阵 matrix行列式 determinant圆 circle圆心 centre(BrE), center(AmE)半径 radius直径 diameter圆周率 pi弧 arc半圆 semicircle扇形 sector环 ring椭圆 ellipse圆周 circumference轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)平行六面体 parallelepiped立方体 cube七面体 heptahedron八面体 octahedron九面体 enneahedron十面体 decahedron十一面体 hendecahedron十二面体 dodecahedron二十面体 icosahedron多面体 polyhedron旋转 rotation轴 axis球 sphere半球 hemisphere底面 undersurface表面积 surface area体积 volume空间 space双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola四面体 tetrahedron五面体 pentahedron六面体 hexahedron菱形 rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形 square梯形 trapezoid直角梯形 right trapezoid等腰梯形 isosceles trapezoid五边形 pentagon六边形 hexagon七边形 heptagon八边形 octagon九边形 enneagon十边形 decagon十一边形 hendecagon十二边形 dodecagon多边形 polygon正多边形 equilateral polygon相位 phase周期 period振幅 amplitude内心 incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心 excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心 escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心 orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心 barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆 inscribed circle外切圆 circumcircle统计 statistics平均数 average加权平均数 weighted average方差 variance标准差 root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例 propotion百分比 percent百分点 percentage百分位数 percentile排列 permutation组合 combination概率,或然率 probability分布 distribution正态分布 normal distribution非正态分布 abnormal distribution图表 graph条形统计图 bar graph柱形统计图 histogram折线统计图 broken line graph曲线统计图 curve diagram扇形统计图 pie diagram数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom定理 theorem计算 calculation运算 operation证明 prove假设 hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题 proposition算术 arithmetic加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand加数 addend和 sum减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend减数 subtrahend差 remainder乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数 multiplicand, faciend乘数 multiplicator积 product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend除数 divisor商 quotient等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于 is greater than小于 is lesser than大于等于 is equal or greater than小于等于 is equal or lesser than运算符 operator数字 digit数 number自然数 natural number整数 integer小数 decimal小数点 decimal point分数 fraction分子 numerator分母 denominator比 ratio正 positive负 negative零 null, zero, nought, nil十进制 decimal system二进制 binary system十六进制 hexadecimal system权 weight, significance进位 carry截尾 truncation四舍五入 round下舍入 round down上舍入 round up有效数字 significant digit无效数字 insignificant digit代数 algebra公式 formula, formulae(pl.)单项式 monomial多项式 polynomial, multinomial系数 coefficient未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式 equation一次方程 simple equation二次方程 quadratic equation三次方程 cubic equation四次方程 quartic equation不等式 inequation阶乘 factorial对数 logarithm指数,幂 exponent乘方 power二次方,平方 square三次方,立方 cube四次方 the power of four, the fourth powern次方 the power of n, the nth power开方 evolution, extraction二次方根,平方根 square root三次方根,立方根 cube root四次方根 the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根 the root of n, the nth root集合 aggregate元素 element空集 void子集 subset交集 intersection并集 union补集 complement映射 mapping函数 function定义域 domain, field of definition 值域 range常量 constant变量 variable单调性 monotonicity奇偶性 parity周期性 periodicity图象 image数列,级数 series微积分 calculus微分 differential导数 derivative极限 limit无穷大 infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 无穷小 infinitesimal积分 integral定积分 definite integral不定积分 indefinite integral有理数 rational number无理数 irrational number实数 real number虚数 imaginary number复数 complex number矩阵 matrix行列式 determinant几何 geometry点 point线 line面 plane体 solid线段 segment射线 radial平行 parallel相交 intersect角 angle角度 degree弧度 radian锐角 acute angle直角 right angle钝角 obtuse angle平角 straight angle周角 perigon底 base高 height三角形 triangle锐角三角形 acute triangle直角三角形 right triangle直角边 leg斜边 hypotenuse勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形 obtuse triangle不等边三角形 scalene triangle等腰三角形 isosceles triangle等边三角形 equilateral triangle四边形 quadrilateral平行四边形 parallelogram矩形 rectangle长 length宽 width菱形 rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形 square梯形 trapezoid直角梯形 right trapezoid等腰梯形 isosceles trapezoid五边形 pentagon六边形 hexagon七边形 heptagon八边形 octagon九边形 enneagon十边形 decagon十一边形 hendecagon十二边形 dodecagon多边形 polygon正多边形 equilateral polygon圆 circle圆心 centre(BrE), center(AmE)半径 radius直径 diameter圆周率 pi弧 arc半圆 semicircle扇形 sector环 ring椭圆 ellipse圆周 circumference周长 perimeter轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)相似 similar全等 congruent四面体 tetrahedron五面体 pentahedron六面体 hexahedron平行六面体 parallelepiped立方体 cube七面体 heptahedron八面体 octahedron九面体 enneahedron十面体 decahedron十一面体 hendecahedron十二面体 dodecahedron二十面体 icosahedron多面体 polyhedron棱锥 pyramid棱柱 prism棱台 frustum of a prism旋转 rotation轴 axis圆锥 cone圆柱 cylinder圆台 frustum of a cone球 sphere半球 hemisphere底面 undersurface表面积 surface area体积 volume空间 space坐标系 coordinates坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标 x-coordinate纵坐标 y-coordinate原点 origin双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola三角 trigonometry正弦 sine余弦 cosine正切 tangent余切 cotangent正割 secant余割 cosecant反正弦 arc sine反余弦 arc cosine反正切 arc tangent反余切 arc cotangent反正割 arc secant反余割 arc cosecant相位 phase周期 period振幅 amplitude内心 incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心 excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心 escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心 orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心 barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆 inscribed circle外切圆 circumcircle统计 statistics平均数 average加权平均数 weighted average方差 variance标准差 root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例 propotion百分比 percent百分点 percentage百分位数 percentile排列 permutation组合 combination概率,或然率 probability分布 distribution正态分布 normal distribution非正态分布 abnormal distribution图表 graph条形统计图 bar graph柱形统计图 histogram折线统计图 broken line graph曲线统计图 curve diagram扇形统计图 pie diagram1.有关数学运算add,plus加 subtract减 difference差 multiply,times乘 product积 divide 除 divisible可被整除的 dividedevenly被整除 dividend被除数,红利 divisor因子,除数 quotient商 remainder余数 factorial阶乘 power乘方 radicalsign,rootsign根号 roundto四舍五入 tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集 proper subset真子集 solution set解集 3. 有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项 like terms,similar terms同类项 numerical coefficient 数字系数 literal coefficient字母系数 inequality不等式 triangle inequality 三角不等式 range值域 original equation原方程 equivalent equation同解方程,等价方程 linear equation线性方程(e.g.5 x +6=22) 4. 有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数 improper fraction假分数 mixed number带分数 vulgar fraction,common fraction普通分数 simple fraction简分数 complex fraction繁分数 numerator分子 denominator分母 (least)common denominator(最小)公分母 quarter四分之一 decimal fraction纯小数 infinite decimal无穷小数 recurring decimal循环小数 tenthsunit十分位 5.基本数学概念 arithmetic mean算术平均值 weighted average加权平均值 geometric mean几何平均数 exponent指数,幂 base乘幂的底数,底边 cube立方数,立方体 square root 平方根 cube root立方根 common logarithm常用对数 digit数字 constant常数 variable变量 inversefunction反函数 complementary function余函数 linear一次的,线性的 factorization因式分解 absolute value绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32 round off 四舍五入 6. 有关数论 natural number自然数 positive number正数 negative number负数 odd integer,odd number奇数 even integer,even number偶数 integer,whole number整数 positivewhole number正整数 negative whole number负整数 consecutive number连续整数 realnumber,rational number实数,有理数 irrational(number)无理数 inverse倒数 composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15…… prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意:所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数,但奇数不一定是质数reciprocal倒数 common divisor公约数 multiple倍数 (least)common multiple(最小)公倍数 (prime)factor(质)因子 common factor公因子 ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制 nonnegative非负的 tens十位 units个位 mode众数 median中数 commonratio公比 7. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列 geometric progression(sequence)等比数列 8. 其它 approximate近似 (anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向 cardinal基数 ordinal序数 directproportion正比 distinct不同的 estimation估计,近似 parentheses括号 proportion比例 permutation排列 combination组合 table表格 trigonometric function三角函数 unit单位,位 1.所有的角alternate angle内错角 corresponding angle同位角 vertical angle对顶角 central angle圆心角 interior angle内角 exterior angle外角 supplement aryangles 补角 complement aryangle余角 adjacent angle邻角 acute angle锐角 obtuse angle 钝角 right angle直角 round angle周角 straight angle平角 included angle夹角 2. 所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形 scalene triangle不等边三角形 isosceles triangle等腰三角形 right triangle直角三角形 oblique斜三角形 inscribed triangle内接三角形 3. 有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外 semicircle半圆 concentric circles同心圆 quadrilateral四边形 pentagon五边形 hexagon六边形 heptagon七边形 octagon八边形 nonagon九边形 decagon十边形 polygon多边形 parallelogram平行四边形 equilateral等边形 plane平面 square 正方形,平方 rectangle长方形 regular polygon正多边形 rhombus菱形 trapezoid 梯形 4. 其它平面图形arc弧 line,straight line直线 line segment线段 parallel lines平行线 segment of a circle弧形 5. 有关立体图形cube立方体,立方数 rectangular solid长方体 regular solid/regular polyhedron 正多面体 circular cylinder圆柱体 cone圆锥 sphere球体 solid立体的 6. 有关图形上的附属物altitude高 depth深度 side边长 circumference,perimeter周长 radian弧度 surface area表面积 volume体积 arm直角三角形的股 cros ssection横截面 center of acircle圆心 chord弦 radius半径 angle bisector角平分线 diagonal对角线 diameter直径 edge棱 face of a solid立体的面 hypotenuse斜边 included side夹边 leg三角形的直角边 medianofatriangle三角形的中线 base底边,底数(e.g.2的5次方,2就是底数) opposite直角三角形中的对边 midpoint中点 endpoint端点 vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点 tangent切线的 transversal截线 intercept截距 7. 有关坐标 coordinate system坐标系 rectangular coordinate直角坐标系 origin原点 abscissa横坐标 ordinate纵坐标 numberline数轴 quadrant象限 slope斜率 complex plane复平面 8. 其它plane geometry平面几何 trigonometry三角学 bisect平分 circumscribe外切 inscribe内切 intersect相交 perpendicular垂直 pythagorean theorem勾股定理 congruent全等的 multilateral多边的 其它 1. 单位类 cent美分 penny一美分硬币 nickel5美分硬币 dime一角硬币 dozen打(12个) score廿(20个) Centigrade摄氏 Fahrenheit华氏 quart夸脱 gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart) yard码 meter米 micron微米 inch英寸 foot英尺 minute分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制 cubicmeter立方米 pint品脱(干量或液量的单位) 2. 有关文字叙述题,主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation 折旧 down payment直接付款 discount打折 margin利润 profit利润 interest利息 simple interest单利 compounded interest复利 dividend红利 decrease to减少到 decrease by减少了 increase to增加到 increase by增加了 denote表示 list price 标价 markup涨价 per capita每人 ratio比率 retail price零售价 tie打平加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand加数 addend和 sum减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend减数 subtrahend差 difference乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, fancied乘数 multiplication积 product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)可被整除的数 divisible被整除divided evenly被除数 dividend除数 divisor余数remainder商 quotient等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于 is greater than小于 is lesser than大于等于 is equal or greater than小于等于 is equal or lesser than运算符 operator数字 digit数 number自然数 natural number整数 whole number ,integer正整数positive whole number负整数negative whole number连续整数consecutive number奇数odd integer, odd number偶数even integer, even number合数composite number e.g. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15…质数prime number e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…倒数inverse reciprocal小数 decimal小数点 decimal point纯小数decimal fraction无穷小数Infinite decimal循环小数recurring decimal分数 fraction真分数proper fraction假分数improper fraction带分数mixed number普通分数vulgar fraction,common fraction简分数simple fraction繁分数complex fraction四分之一quarter分子 numerator分母 denominator公约数common divisor倍数multiple(质)因子(prime) factor公因子common factor比 ratio正 positive正数positive number 负 negative负数negative number非负的nonnegative零 null, zero, nought, nil十进制 decimal system十位tens个位units二进制 binary system十六进制 hexadecimal system权 weight, significance进位 carry截尾 truncation四舍五入 round下舍入 round down上舍入 round up有效数字 significant digit无效数字 insignificant digit加法 addition 减法subtraction 乘法multiplication 除法division 加 add, plus 减 minus, subtract 乘 times, multiply 除divided by 加数addend 和sum被减数minuend 减数subtractend 差difference被乘数multiplicand 乘数multiplier 因数factor 积product被除数dividend 除数divisor 商quotient大于greater than 小于 less than 等于 equal一位数1-digit number 两位数2-digit number小数decimal 小数点decimal point 循环小数recurring decimal整数whole number 自然数nature number 分数fraction质数prime number 合数composite number条形统计图bar graph 线形统计图straight line graph最小公倍数 the Lowest Common 最大公约数 the Highest Common平均数average 近似值approximation 估算estimation混合运算Mixed Operation 等式equation 百分比percentage结合律 the Associative Property of分配律 the Distributive Property of …交换律 the Reflexive Property of…mathematics 数学 theorem 定理 calculation 计算operation 运算 arithmetic 算术,四则运算2 plus 1 equals3 二加一等于三4 minus 2 equals 2 四减二等于二4 multiplied by 5, 4 times5 四乘以五nought point four 零点四 ratio 比 proportion 比例numerator 分子 common denominator 公分母exponent 指数 differential calculus 微分学integral calculus 积分 slide rule 计算尺power 幂, 乘方 to raise to the power of five 使乘五次方x squared 某数的平方 cube 三次方three cubed 三次方的 to the fourth power, to the power of four 乘四次方 square root 平方根 cube root 立方根rule of three 比例法 logarithm 对数equation 等式,方程式 unknown 未知数.period 句号 ,comma 逗号:colon 冒号 ;semicolon 分号!exclamation 惊叹号 ?question mark 问号 ̄ hyphen 连字符 'apostrophe 省略号;所有格符号—dash 破折号 ‘ ’single quotation marks 单引号“ ”double quotation marks 双引号 ...ellipsis 省略号( )parentheses 圆括号 [ ]square brackets 方括号《 》French quotes 法文引号;书名号 ¨ tandem colon 双点号"ditto 同上 ‖ parallel 双线号/virgule 斜线号 & ampersand= and ~swung dash 代字号§section; division 分节号 →arrow 箭号;参见号plus sign 加号 minus sign 减号+plus 加号;正号 -minus 减号;负号±plus or minus 正负号 ×is multiplied by 乘号÷is divided by 除号 =is equal to 等于号≠is not equal to 不等于号 ≡is equivalent to 全等于号≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to 约等于号<is less than 小于号 >is more than 大于号≮is not less than 不小于号 ≯is not more than 不大于号≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 is more than or equal to 大于或等于号%per cent 百分之… ‰per mill 千分之…∞infinity 无限大号 ∝varies as 与…成比例√(square) root 平方根 ∷equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例∵since; because 因为 ∴hence 所以∠angle 角 ⌒semicircle 半圆⊙circle 圆 ○circumference 圆周πpi 圆周率 △triangle 三角形⊥perpendicular to 垂直于 °degree 度′minute 分 ″second 秒#number …号 ℃Celsius system 摄氏度@ at 单价Pronunciation of Numerals 数词的读法1.Cardinals and Ordinals 基数和序数(1)100以内的数词基数 序数Roman ArabicNumerals Numerals罗马数字 阿拉伯数字 读法 数码 读法I 1 one 1st the firstII 2 two 2nd the secondIII 3 three 3rd the thirdIV 4 four 4th the fourthV 5 five 5th the fifthVI 6 six 6th the sixthVII 7 seven 7th the seventhVIII 8 eight 8th the eighthIX 9 nine 9th the ninthX 10 ten 10th the tenthXI 11 eleven 11th the eleventhXII 12 twelve 12th the twelfthXIII 13 thirteen 13th the thirteenthXIV 14 fourteen 14th the fourteenthXV 15 fifteen 15th the fifteenthXVI 16 sixteen 16th the sixteenthXVII 17 seventeen 17th the seventeenth XVIII 18 eighteen 18th the eighteenthXIX 19 nineteen 19th the nineteenthXX 20 twenty 20th the twentiethXXI 21 twenty-one 21st the twenty-first XXV 25 twenty-five 25th the twenty-fifth XXX 30 thirty 30th the thirtiethXL 40 forty 40th the fortiethL 50 fifty 50th the fiftiethLX 60 sixty 60th the sixtiethLXX 70 seventy 70th the seventiethLXXX 80 eighty 80th the eightiethXC 90 ninety 90th the ninetiethIC 99 ninety-nine 99th the ninety-ninthC 100 one hundred 100th the hundredthCII 102 a hundred 102nd the (one) hundred and two and second246 two hundred and forty-six751 seven hundred and fifty-one(2)1000以上的数词1,000 = one thousand 一千10,000 = ten thousand 一万100,000 = one hundred thousand 十万1,000,000 = one million 一百万10,000,000 = ten million 一千万100,000,000=one hundred million 一亿(3)十亿以上的大数,英美有不同的读法:英国 美国十亿 one thousand million = one billion百亿 ten thousand million = ten billion千亿 one hundred thousand million = one hundred billion万亿 one billion = one trillion2.Fractions 分数通常将分子读为基数,将分母读为序数。

英文经常使用数学符号公式和等式的读法

一、常用数学符号、公式和等式的读法 + 加号,加 plus + 正号 positive - 减号,减 minus - 负号,负 negetive ± 加或减 plus or minus ± 正或负 plus or minus · 乘 multiplied by times into ÷ 除 divided by : 比 proportional to = 等号 equal sign = 等于 to equal,to equals > 大于 greater than < 小于 less than ≥大于等于 greater than or equal ≤小于等于less than or equal ≡恒等于 identical with ≈约等于 approximately equal ≌全等于 congruent ~等价于 equivalent to; 相似于 similar to →趋近于 approaches ( ) 括号,括弧 1) parentheses;parenthesis;sign parenthesis 圆括号,圆括弧 2) round brackets [ ] 方括号1) squre [angular] brackets 括号2) brackets { } 花括号 braces ∑求和summstion of;sigma 从 1到n的和 the sum form i equalsone to n;sigma 从1到n的积 the product formi equalsone to n x1 +x2+x3+ΛΛ x one x two plus x three,etc(et cetera) a=b 1) a equals to b 2) a is equal to b 3) a is b a≠b a is not equal to b;a is not b a>b a is greater than b a a≥b a is greater than or equal to b a≤b a is less than or equal to b a≈b a approximately equal (s) b a∝b a varies directly as b;a is (directly) proportional to b a∈A a is member of set A A⊂B A is contained in B;A is a proper subset of B AIB A intersection B AYB A union { }或φ empty set ⇒ implies ⇔ is equivalent to xRy x is in therelation R to y a±b a plus or minus b (a+b)(a-b) a plus b,a minus b (a+b)2 a plus b all squared (a÷b)2 a over b all squared n! n factorial;factorial n a% a persent |a| mod a;modulus a x→∞ x approaches infinity 0< x 0≤x≤a zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to a c=a.b 1)c equals (is equal to) a multiplied by b 2) c equals a times b 1:2 the ratio of one to two 1/2 a half;one half 1/3 a third;one third 1/100 a[one] hundredth 1/1000 a[one] thousandth 0.1(.1) zero point one;nought point one 0.01(.01) zero point zero one;nought point nought one 3.1416 three point one four one six 14. one four point one four,one four recurring a:b the ratio of a to b a:b=c 1) a devided by b equals c 2) a devided by b is c 3)the ratio of a to b is c a:b=c:d 1) the ratio of a to b equals the ratio of c to d 2) a is to b as c is to d a+b>c a plus b is greater then c a+b< then b plus> a+b=c a plus b is (are;equals;is equal to) c a-b=c a minus b(b from a) is(equals;is equal to;leaves) c (a,b) a<X [a,b]a≤x≤b the closed interval from a to b (a,b) the interval a<X≤B< td> [a,b] the interval a≤x<B< td> a<X a≤x≤b a is less then or equal to x is less then or equal to b logax logarithm (base) of x lnx natural logarithm of x x2 1)x square;x squured 2) x to the second power 3) x raised to the second power 4) the square of x 5) the second power of x 6) x to the second x3 1)x cube;x cubed 2) x to the third power 3) x raised to the third power 4) the cube of x 5) the third power of x 6) x to the third x n 1)x to the n-th power 2) x raised to the n-th power 3) the n-th power of x 4) x to the n-th x-n 1) x to the minus n-th 2) x to the minus n-th power radical =b 1) the square root of ais(equals) b 2) the square root out of a is(equals) b the square root of a the cube root of a the cube root the n-th root a′ a prime a n 1) a second prime 2) a double prime 3) a twice dashed; a m 1) a triple prime 2) a third prime a1 1) a sub one 2) a first a2 1) a sub two 2) a seconda m 1) a sub m 2) a m-th a'm 1) a prime,sub m 2) a sub m,prime a'1 a first prime a n2 a second, second prime y first derivative of y second derivative of y dy/dx first derivative of y with respect to x d2y/dx2 second derivative of y with respect to x y=f(x) y is a function of x ∫ integral of 1) integral of……from a to b 2) integral of……between limits a and b capital L equals the square root of (out of ) capital R square plus minus x square a to the m by n-thpower equals the n-th root of (out of) a to the m-th power P=∞ p is equal to infinity ∠ angle ⊥ perpendicular;is perpendicular to ∥ parallel;is parallel to △ABC triangje ABC vector F a bar ≌ is congruent to ~ is similar t A-1 inverse of matrix A % percent 二、英语缩写词abs absolute绝对的absolutely绝对地A.D Anno Domini公元ad inf ad infinitum趋于无限ads address地址agg aggregate总数、共计al algebra代数alt altitude高度alternate交错,交替上述的a.m above-mentioned算术平均a.m.arithmeticmeanamt amount数量ans answer答案、解答、回答与或非AoI and-or-inverter等差数列A.P arithmeticprogressionappl application应用appr approximate近似、约计appx appendix附录arg argument自变数,幅角arith arithmetic算术aut automatic自动的auxiliary辅助的aux,auxilav,avg average平均Ax Axiom公理公元前B.C BeforeChrist二进制编码的十进制BCD Binary CodedDecimal二进制编码的八进制BC.O Binary CodedOctal℃(c)centigrate摄氏度C cubic立方的cycle周centi厘,百分之一ca circa大约计算机辅助设计CAD Computer-Aided Design计算机辅助教学CAI Computer-AidedInstructioncalcd calculated计算的cat catalog (ue)目录,一览表逆时针方向C.C.W Counter-Clockwise中心距离c.d centredistancecf.confer参看、见、比较重心cg center ofgravity厘米·克·秒(单位)制C.G.S CentimetreGrammeSecondCh.Chapter章chap chapter章char character字符cir circular圆形的圆周circum circumferencecit cited引用ckt circuit电路C.l.center-line中心线算术平均法,平均高度法C.L.A center lineaveragemethodcm centimetre厘米coeff.coefficient系数com common公,公共col column行,纵行,栏,项目,柱pare比较con contra相反conclusion结论圆锥曲线con.sec conicsectionsconst constant常数construction作图continued续,接cont(contd)Contr.Contracted省略的Contraction省略Cor corollary推论,系cp compare比较ct constant常数circuit电路,线路ctr (s)center (s)中心cu (cub)cubic立方C.W.clockwise顺时针方向CY cycle周期,周d degree度D density密度diameter直径date日期数字计算机D.C.digitalcomputer微分方程D.E differentialequationdefinition定义def(def’n)deg degree度求证demon demonstrativeden density密度der derivative导数,微商det detail详细,细节,详图(十进)小数DF decimalfractiondia (m)diameter直径diag diagram图,图解diff difference差,不同DIV divide除Do (d°)ditto同上,同前,如前所述doub double加倍,二倍,成双的,成倍的数据处理DP dataprocessingE east东edit edition版,版本允许的误差e.e errorexpected例如e.g exempligratia=forexampleeq.equal相等eqequation等式,方程(eq’n)esp.especially特别et al et alii及其他et alibi及别处etc et cetera等等et seq et sequentia及以下等等ex (s)example(s)例exercise练习,习题extra特别的ext external外部的exterior在外f frequency频率fig figure图,图形fn function函数,功能FQCY frequency频率fxd fixed固定的,不变的g(gm)gramme克平均值GA generalaverageG.C.D greatest 最大公约数commondivisor最大公因子G.C.F greatestcommonfactor最大公约数G.C.M greatestcommonmeasuregeom.geometry几何学等比数列,几何数列G.P geometricalprogressiongr(grm)gram克h hour小时height高,高度最高公因式,最大公约数H.C.F.highestcommonfactorhf half半hor horizontal水平的hr hour小时hyp hypothesis假设ibibidem在同处(书,文献等出处) (ibid)id idem同前,同上,同作者,同样iden identical恒等,全等即,就是,换言之i.e id est=thatisig idem quod如同逆(反)时针的ih invertedhourim image图像inc increase增加ind index索引,指标,刻度indef indefinite无限,不定in.ex in extenso全部inf infinity无穷大,无限大infra上、下限逆(反)时针的inh invertedhourint interior内部的,在内int.al inter alia尤其I/O input/output输入/输出信息技术IT informationtechnology信息论informationtheory独立变数IV independentvariableJ journal期刊,杂志jour journal期刊,杂志kg kilogram千克km kilometer千克l length长度l.c loco citato上述引文中最小公倍数(式)L.C.M.least commonmultiple最低公倍式Lowest commonmultipleLgth length长度l.h left hand左方,左侧lim limit极限lin linear直线的,一次的,线性的lit liter(公)升loc location位置loc.cit loco citato上述引文中最低(数)位,最右(数)位ISD leastsignificantdigitM mega兆(106)mille千M(m)medium中间,中等m metre米milli毫(10-3)million兆(106)minute分钟μ(mu)micro微(10-6)平均绝对误差mae meanabsoluteerrormag magnitude量,大小math mathematical数学的mathematics数学max maximum最大,最大值min minimum最小,最小值minute分钟mo (s)month(s)月mon monthly月刊MS mean square均方n net净N number数,编号,第…号North北Northern北方的n.a.s.c necessaryandsufficie nt condition充要条件,充分且必要的条件N.B nota bene=note well注意neg negative负的Net network网络No(s)number(s)数,编号,第…号nr near在…附近O.D.E.ordinarydifferentialequation常微分方程opp opposed相反的,对面ord ordinary普通的,通常的p page页PAR parallel平行的,平行线,并联的par paragraph节,段P.C.per cent百分比pcs pieces个,件,份P.D.E partialdifferentialequation偏微分方程PERT programevaluationandreview techniques计划评审技术(统筹方法) ph phase相位,相pos positive正的pp pages负(复数)p.p proportional 比例部分partPr pair偶,对pr(pri,pry)primary初级,最初的prep perpendicular垂直,正交proc proceeding学报,会刊ps pseudo伪,假pt(s)part(s)部分p.t.o please turnover 请见(本页的)反面,请翻到下页q question问题q.e quod est这就是,即Q.E D quod eratdemonstrandum 证毕,证完,这就是所要证的,所求证者w.r.t with respectto关于,相对于。

英语里面所有数字的表达方式大全.doc

英语里面所有数字的表达方式大全1). 整数和小数的读法3.24可以读作three point twenty-four或three twenty-four。

另外比较正式的说法为three dollars andtwenty-four cents, 但是在一般日常生活中几乎是听不到这种读法,而是直接读为threetwenty-four。

1,245 可读为twelve forty-five,one thousand two hundred and forty-five 或twelve hundred and forty-five。

一般来说, 四位数的读法是两个数字两个数字一起读,如12-45。

但有时为了让对方听得更清楚(特别是跟钱有关的时候),会把thousand 和hundred 读出来, 像上面的第二种读法。

另外,像第三种读法,美国人也很喜欢把one thousand two hundred 直接说成twelve hundred,例如1,200可以读为twelve hundred,当然也可以说one thousand and two hundred,这就是我们从教科书上学的读法了。

五位数的读法是前两个数一组, 后两个一组,中间的自己一组。

例如35,891 经常读为thirty-five thousand eight hundred and ninety-one。

而六位数如100,000 则读为one hundred thousand。

由于在英语中没有十万这个字,所以十万要用one hundred thousand, 一亿要用one hundred million。

这两个要多练习, 不然很难熟练运用。

整数中比较特殊的就是电话号码了,读电话号码的原则是在清楚的基础上,越简单越好。

人们在读电话号码时,习惯一个数字一个数字地说, 以求清楚,但有时为了方便起见, 也会以十位数为单位, 两个两个一起说。

例如770-2145 可以读为seven seven zero, two onefour five,也可以读为seven seven o, twenty-oneforty-five。

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英语数学公式、数字、符号的表达法!轩治峰(商丘师范学院外语系商丘市!"#$$$)摘要本文主要解决理科专业英语和双语教学中英语算式、方程式、公式中的数字、符号、等式及公式的表达方法。

方法为查阅各种有关资料,收集其表达和读法。

通过查阅资料,本文记述了算术四则运算、分数、小数、比例、乘方、开方、对数、三角函数、集合、函数、几何、微积分等的符号、数字和公式的表达方法和读法,为科技英语教学和学习提供参考。

关键词数学符号算式公式表达法!"#$%&’$%&’()*(+,’+-.&/,(0(’*/,.+-/12+)..&’’3(*’,,/+1,+-.&’,456+7,,,/81,,0121)56’*,+-50.&’50./9,/1:187/,&.’09&/18;%&’0).&+*&0,8+1’.&*+)8&.&’<0*/+),=/12,+-.’3.6++=,+150.&’> 50./9,,,)9&0,0*/.&5’./9,8’+5’.*4,078’6*0,9079)7),,-)19./+1,012+.&’**’-’*’19’6++=,0129+77’9.’2 077.4(’,+-’3(*’,,/+1,,0,?’770,(*+1)19/0./+1,,+-,456+7,,,/81,0121)56’*,/1.&’’@)0./+1,+-50.&>’50./9,012+.&’*,9/’19’,,/1&+(’+-+--’*/18,+5’&’7(.+7’0*1/18012.’09&/18:187/,&/150.&’50./9,+* ,9/’1./-/9:187/,&;()*+,%-#50.&’50./9,,456+7,012,/81,’@)0./+1,-+*5)70’3(*’,,/+1,在大学中,越来越多的学科在尝试英汉双语教学,高年级大学英语也朝专业英语方向发展,而且,在理科学科中,数学、物理等课程中的算式、方程式以及公式是最基本的表达形式。

然而,这些符号、算式以及公式在一般英汉、汉英词典上都难以查到其英语表达方法,使得在双语教学或专业英语教学中,老师、学生都为此感到头疼。

因此,笔者就其表达及其读法进行归纳,以供参考。

A加、减、乘、除的表达法加、减、乘、除四则运算是日常生活中必不可少的运算法。

英语中,B读作(7),,C读作5/1),,D读作./5’,或5)7./(7/’264,E读作2/</2’264,F读作’@)07,或/,’@)07.+。

如:G H B#C I3"E J读作.?’1.4-/<’(7),,/35/1),’/8&../5’,(5)7./(7/’264),’<’12/</2’264 .&*’’。

另外,"读作8*’0.’*.&01,#读作7’,, .&01,$读作0((*+3/50.’74’@)07.+。

如:0"6读作0/,8*’0.’*.&016,6#0读作6/,7’,,.&01 0,!$J;A!读作!/,0((*+3/50.’74’@)07.+ .&*’’(+/1.+1’-+)*。

G分数的表达法分数在英语里叫-*09./+1,一般由分子(1)> 5’*0.+*)和分母(2’1+5/10.+*)组成。

当分母为G或!时,我们常用&07-和@)0*.’*来表示。

如:A/G读作+1’(0)&07-,A/!读作+1’(0)@)0*.’*,J/!读作.&*’’@)0*.’*,。

在一般情况下,分子用基数词(90*2/107 1)56’*)表示,分母用序数词(+*2/1071)56’*)表示。

如:A/J读作+1’.&/*2,A/H读作+1’-/-.&,A/"读作+1’,’<’1.&,A/G H读作+1’.?’1.4K-/-.&。

因为后面的序数词都被看作名词,因此,如果分子大于A,分母就用序数词的复数形式。

如:G/J读作.?+.&/*2,,!/H读作-+)*-/-.&,,J/"读作.&*’’,’<’1.&,,H/#读作,-/<’,/3.&,,L/A$读作1/1’.’1.&等等。

如果是带分数(5/3’2-*09./+1),整数正常读,在整数和分数之间加上012,如:三又四分之三,四又七分之二分别读作.&*’’012.&*’’-+)*.&,,-+)*012.?+,’<’1.&,。

但是,当分母是十位数以上,且最后一位数字是A或G时,就不能按以上读法来读。

其中的分数线读作+<’*,如:H/G A读作-/<’+<’* .?’1.4+1’。

第A I卷J期G$$H年I月中国科技翻译M N O P:Q:Q M O:P M:R%:M N P S T S U V%W X P Q T X%S W Q Y S Z W P X T[+7;A I;P+;JX)8;G$$H!收稿日期:G$$!—A A—G J/A A万方数据这种表达法在其它情况下也可使用。

如果分子和分母都很大,如:!/"#$!读作%&’%(’) *+%*,%-./&0*,)’’,-&0)’0/&0.12*3%&’;!/!456读作%&’%(’)/*,%-./&0/&0’17,*38&1&’等。

另外,代数里的分数也用%(’)表示分数。

如:"/8!//29:就读作"/;1&-.%&’%(’)/2 <=-.:。

如果分母是一百,分子按正常读,分母可读作序数词,也可读作<’)>’&*。

如:!#/!44,即可读作*,1)*’’&,-&0)’0*,.,也可读作*,1)*’’& <’)>’&*。

不过,百分比一般读作<’)>’&*。

如:!44?读作%&’,-&0)’0<’)>’&*,@$?读作.’(A ’&*3.12<’)>’&*等等。

#小数的表达法小数在英语中叫0’>1;/=B)/>*1%&.。

其整数部分(*,’1&*’7)/=</)*)按正常读,接着再说<%1&*,接着再依次读出小数位。

如:!#C5@读作*,1)*’’&8<%1&*8’17,*8.’(’&;$C$5读作.128<%1&*8 .128’17,*。

当小数小于!时,美国常见记法如:4C"$,4C D E,分别读作F’)%(&%-7,*)<%1&**+%.12和F’)%(&%-7,*)<%1&*B%-)B1(’。

而在英国,小数点前面的4一般不写,只写小数点和后面小数位上的数字。

如4C#$只写C#$,读作<%1&*8 *,)’’8.12。

精确到#位数,英语为>%))’>**% *,)’’.17&1B1>/&*B17-)’.C四舍五入为)%-&01&7 -<%)0%+&。

D比例的表达法英语中比例的表达比较简单,比例为*,’)/*1%,比例号G读作*%,如:!G"G#读作*,’)/*1% %B%&’*%*+%*%*,)’’,"!G@H#G!读作*,’)/A *1%%B*+’&*3%&’*%.’(’&1.’I-/=*%(’I-/=.)*,’)/*1%%B*,)’’*%%&’,/G:!>G0读作/1.*% :/.>1.*%0。

E乘方(<%+’).)和乘方根()%%*.)的表达法乘方一般由基数和指数(1&01>’.或’2<%A &’&*.)组成,指数为"的,读作.I-/)’0,指数为#的读作>-:’0或*%*,’*,1)0。

如:#"9D#,读作*,)’’.I-/)’0<=-.B%-)>-:’0(*%*,’*,1)0)。

其余的指数依次读“*%*,’B%-)*,(<%+’)),*%*,’B1B*,(<%+’)),*%*,’.12*,(<%+’)),*% *,’&*,(<%+’))”,也可读作*,’B%-)*,(B1B*,,.12*,,&*,)<%+’)%B等等。

如:/E可读作/*% *,’B1B*,,也可读作*,’B1B*,<%+’)%B/。

如果乘方的指数为负数,指数则要读作*% *,’;1&-.加指数的序数词。

如28!4读作*%*,’;1&-.*’&*,<%+’)%B2。

乘方根的表达方法是乘方根左上角的指数的序数词加根号)%%*后加%B加根号下的数字或符号,如果根号左上角的指数是"或#,则要分别读作*,’.I-/)’0)%%*%B和*,’>-:’0)%%*%B 。

如:"/读作*,’.I-/)’)%%*%B/;#"/读作*,’>-:’)%%*%B/;$"/读作*,’.12*,)%%*%B/;E/"#读作*,’B1B*,)%%*%B/>-:’0;2J"/#9E/""H4读作2*%*,’;1&-.*+%*,1)0<=-.*,’B1B*,)%%* %B/.I-/)’0’I-/=.F’)%。

$对数符号的表达法对数为=%7/)1*,;,底数为:/.’,真数为/&*1=%7或/&*1=%7/)1*,;。

=%7/K读作*,’=%7/A )1*,;(=%7)%BK*%*,’:/.’/或=%7K*%*,’:/.’/;=%7/(L K)H=%7/L9=%7/K读作*,’=%7/)1*,;%BL K*%*,’:/.’/1.’I-/=*%(’A I-/=.)*,’=%7/)1*,;%BL*%*,’:/.’/<=-.*,’=%7/)1*,;%BK*%*,’:/.’/或=%7L K*%*,’:/.’/1.’I-/=*%=%7L*%*,’:/.’/C<=-.=%7K *%*,’:/.’/。

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