必修五Unit1过去分词作定语和表语
人教版 高中英语 必修5 unit1 知识讲解 过去分词作表语和定语
人教版高中英语必修5 unit1 过去分词作表语和定语概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。
那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。
语法讲解英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。
必修5_unit1_过去分词作定语和表语(上课用)
B. to be written
C. written
D. being written
was constructed in only 2 year.
练习二 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said.
2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.
3. The situation was a bit discouraged.
depressing ~ depressed
Fill in the blank with proper words.
1. A. Nobody was interested in the story he told. B. The story he told was very interesting .
people addicted to drugs
a novel written by Luxun the advice given to the patient an old man supported by his son a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing,
( interested, interesting )
2. A. Everybody was excited to hear the news.
B. The news is very exciting indeed.
( excited, exciting ) 3. A. The result of the test was rather disappointing.
英语必修五unit1语法
pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。 此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get
burnt, get hurt , get wounded.
• What he has done is really __C__.Now his parents are _____ him.
③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.
④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别
• V-ing 形式表示“令人……的” • V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的”
2. 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则 应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当 于一个定语从句。
Do you know the boy playing basketball? （=who is playing basketball) 你ciple as attribute & predicative
①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。 ②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。 ③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。
区别 2
Falling leaves Fallen leaves
区别 2
1. Falling leaves 2. Fallen leaves 3. Disappointing news 4. Disappointed people 5. Exciting story 6. Excited people 7. Tired people/ I’m tired 8. Tiring film
ago． 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。
必修5unit1过去分词作定语或表语
过去分词作定语或表语【教学内容】过去分词作定语或表语【教学目标】熟练掌握过去分词作定语或表语时的不同用法【教学重难点】过去分词作定语或表语的用法、过去分词和动词的-ing形式和不定式的区别【教学过程】▼动词的-ed形式的句法功能一、作表语动词的-ed形式作表语，表示主语的某种性质或状态。
A.状态性动词的-ed形式作表语例：1.The shop has remained shut for a week.这家商店关门一周了。
2.All the people present were already seated. Waiting for the conference to start.所有到场的人都已入座，等着会议的开始。
B.形容词性的动词的-ed形式作表语注：动词的-ed形式作表语表示事物的性质，这些词往往被视为形容词，可以用very修饰。
例：1.Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBA star players.大多数中学生对流行歌手和NBA明星感兴趣。
2.I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.在比赛中看见小吉米跑的这么快，我非常惊讶。
【随即随练】翻译1.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。
He looked worried after reading the letter.2.商店关门了。
The shop is closed.3.她对那个故事感兴趣。
She is interested in the story.4.她觉得困惑甚至有点害怕。
She felt confused,and even frightened.二、作定语动词的-ed形式作定语有的置于被修饰词的前面，有的置于被修饰词的后面。
A.置于被修饰词的前面单个的-ed形式作定语往往置于被修饰词的前面，及物动词的-ed形式，表示被动和完成意义，不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义。
必修五Unit 1 过去分词作定语和表语
必修五Unit 1过去分词作定语和表语过去分词的用法：1、作定语；2、作表语；3、作补语；4、作状语。
动词的过去分词在句中可以作定语、表语1. The fallen (fall) leaves are beautiful.（作定语）2. They were excited (excite).（作表语）3. The 29th Olympic Game held (hold) in Beijing was successful.（作定语）一、过去分词作定语前置定语a closed door a polluted river a broken window a lighted candle一支点燃的蜡烛a used stamp一枚用过的邮票 a drunken/ drunk man一个醉鬼归纳1：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。
Last Monday our class went on an organized trip to a forest to study the wildlife. We planned to have our picnic lunch in the forest next to a fallen tree, but the terrible smell given off by a polluted river made us feel sick. We searched the forest for the polluter, and found an unknown factory throwing waste into the river. We all think it is a serious problem and one solution suggested by all of our classmates is to close the factory as soon as possible后置定语归纳2：过去分词短语作定语时，通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。
高二英语人教版必修五第一单元语法讲解+答案
Book5 Unit1 Great Scientists语法：过去分词作定语和表语Step1：Lead-in 寻规找矩：请找出下面句子中的分词，并说出分别充当什么成分。
1.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.2.He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.3.From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person died.4.It came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.5.He told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so that it could not be used.6.The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.7.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.整理：污染了的水__ _患者___惊慌失措的人们__ _ 受霍乱影响的人们__ _ 被脏水污染了的河流__ _ 恐惧的人们__ _Step2: 过去分词作定语(相当于一个定语从句)一、过去分词作定语的位置①单个的过去分词作定语，常置于被修饰词前。
人教版高中英语必修五：Unit 1 Great scientists 语法归纳 过去分词作表语和定语
§语法归纳过去分词作表语和定语1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义（或已完成的被动动作）；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。
an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动)The question discussed was very important.被讨论的问题非常重要。
(即表被动又表完成)boiled water开水(完成)fallen leaves落叶(完成)(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。
My friend is a returned student.我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
The excited people rushed into the hall.激动的人们冲进大厅。
There is no time left.没有多少时间了。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
Is there anything planned for tonight?＝Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?今晚安排了什么活动没有？The book, written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.＝The book, which was written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.这本书是1957年写的，讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。
2.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态（用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化）。
必修五_unit1Grammar 过去分词用法
• 3我对昨晚看的电影很失望,我原以为它能好些。
(disappointed) • I _w_a_s__d_i_sa__p_p_o_i_n_t_e_d_w__i_th_ the film I saw last night, I
had expected it to be better.
d__is_a_p__p_o_i_n_t_e_d(disappoint) to see it，but
they still wished him a happy life.
•Practice: Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.
Grammar 过去分词V-ed的
用法
1.作定语
过 去
2.作表语
分 词3.作补语源自4.作状语V-ed (动词的过去分词)，在句中可以作定语、 表语。
The__fa_l_le_n_ (fall) 定语
leaves are beautiful.
They were e_x_c_i_t_e_d__表
(excite).
语态
The dog is barking. The injured dog is sad.
结论：
区别
现在分词作定语,表示动作_正__在__进__行___,
___主__动__意义;
过去分词作定语,表示动作在谓语之前
已__完__成___,或具有__被__动____意义.
不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表
一枚用过的邮票
a used stamp
一个醉鬼
a drunken/ drunk man
高中英语课件-GM 必修5 unit1 grammar 过去分词作定语表语
fallen leaves the risen sun
vi.的P.P.作定语只表_完__成_
a retired teacher
二. 动词-ed形式作定语(Attribute) Change the attributive clause
Suddenly A falling apple hit him. Oh, there was a ffaalllleenn apple
and many fallen leaves on
V-ing P.P. -inf. grass.
非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
常见的作表语的表示心理感受的过去分词有:
amused (愉快的)；
amazed(惊讶的);
astonished (吃惊的)； frightened(害怕的)；
delighted (高兴的)； terrified(恐惧的) ；
disappointed (失望的)； excited(兴奋的)；
worried (担忧的)；
Can you tell the predicate verbs and non-predicate verbs of them？
谓语
One day, Xiao Niu wwaass
predicate
sistititningg under a tree, reraedaidnign.g
非谓语 non-predicate
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
人教版必修5UNIT1语法
• The house built over there is a shop. (被动、已建好)
(4) 过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别： 过去分词表示被动或完成； 现在分词表示主动或进行。
Have you read the books written by the young writer？
They found a damaged car at the gate of the park.
• I know the people building the house there. (主动、进行)
Unit 1 Great ScientistsGrammar
过去分词作定语和表语
The Past Participle as the Attribute and Predictive
动词有五种形态，
原形（Original Form）、 第三人称单数形式（Singular Form in Third Personal）、 过去式（Past Form）、 过去分词（Past Participle）、 现在分词（Present Participle）。
the changing world the changed world
(正在变化的) (变化了的)
boiling water boiled water
(正在沸腾的) (已经沸腾过的)
a developing country a developed country
(发展中的) (发达的)
falling leaves fallen leaves
1. I had nothing to do. I was ___b_o_r_e_d___ (bore) and
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过去分词作定语和表语过去分词具有的性质，同时兼有形容词或副词的性质，在句中可以作、、状语和补足语。
定语——在句中修饰词或词的成分。
表语——是谓语的一部分，位于系动词之后，说明主语身份、特征或状态。
1. a retired teacher （）一位退休的教师2. an honored guest （）一位受尊敬的客人3. The library is now closed. （）图书馆现在关门了。
4. You seem frightened. （）你看样子受了惊吓。
一、过去分词作定语修饰名词或代词1、单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面.1.The encouraged people are excited.2. The broken cup is thrown away.3. I want to write stories about people addicted to drugs.4. We are studying in a school built 70 years ago.2、有些过去分词作前置定语和后置定语时意义不同。
in the given time （）with the words given（）a concerned look （）the people concerned（）a wanted person （）workers wanted （）3、过去分词修饰something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等不定代词或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
He is one of those invited.Nothing reported (in the newspaper) interested him.使用过去分词作定语要注意：(1)及物动词（vt.）的过去分词，既表示被动意思又表示动作的完成；不及物动词（vi.）的过去分词只表示动作的完成。
the fallen leaves （）the gone days （）(2)单个或并列的过去分词做定语，放在它所修饰的词前面；但有时为了强调动作，也可以放在名词后面。
过去分词短语作定语，放在它所修饰的词后面。
A broken cup is lying on the floor.Soon our respected and beloved leaders entered the hall.What is the language spoken in Japan？The meeting held yesterday was very important.(3)过去分词修饰something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定代词时，要放在这些词后面。
He is one of those invited.Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.注意：一般来讲，和分词作表语时一样，及物动词的现在分词修饰事物，过去分词修饰人。
如：When they heard the exciting news, they got excited. Then the excited people shouted and cheered.(4)何时用过去分词作定语？因为过去分词只有一种形式，而它又包含完成和被动意味，因此要符合下列条件：①过去分词表示的动作是在谓语动作表示的动作之前发生。
如：This is a picture painted by my father.= This is a picture that was painted by my father.（分词painted所表示的动作发生在谓语is之前）The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.= The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.（分词mailed表示的动作发生在reach之前）②分词表示的动作是没有一定时间性的。
如：Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.进口的商品并不一定比国产的好。
Is it a letter written in pencil? 这是用铅笔写的信吗？二、过去分词作表语1、表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
许多动词的过去分词已经被当作使用。
如：disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。
The window is broken.Don’t get so excited.2、过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：（１）作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的和，此时相当于一个。
The glass is broken.Our classroom is crowded（２）被动语态的过去分词，动作意味很强，句子主语为动作的，后常跟短语。
The glass was broken by Jack.The windows were closed by Tom last night.（3）作表语的过去分词前可以有修饰语，而被动语态的过去分词前不能加修饰语。
The glass was broken by Tom.Your composition is well written.现在分词与过去分词区别1.语态上：现在分词: 表示的动作过去分词: 表示的动作I heard someone opening the door .I heard the door opened .2.时间上：现在分词: 表示正在的动作过去分词: 表示的意思the falling leaves （）the fallen leaves （）boiling water （）boiled water （）the rising sun （）the risen sun （）3. 现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的特征、特性。
常翻译为：令人…过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的心理感受或状态。
常翻译为：感到…a moving film （）a moved audience （）The news is exciting.We were excited to hear it.习题巩固（1）From his ____ look on his face, the price of meat must have risen.A. disappointedB. disappointing(2) He hung up the phone with a ____ smile on his face.A. satisfiedB. satisfying(3) She expressed the story in a __ voice so that we enjoyed it.A. pleasingB. pleasedC. pleasant(4) Judging from her ____ face, she must be in trouble.A. puzzledB. puzzling(5) The ____ parents are not ____ with their ____ son.A. disappointingB. disappointedC. satisfiedD. satisfactory过去分词作表语，一般跟在be，get，become，look，sound，feel，keep，remain，grow，seem，appear等系动词后面；一般表示被动或主语所处的状态。
含有“感到…”的意思，主语多数情况下是人。
作表语用的过去分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种情感或情绪的动词变化而来的。
常见的有以下：interested，moved，discouraged，amused，astonished，frighten，excited，inspired，pleased，satisfied，tired，worried，completed，delighted，hurt，married，crowded。
例如：①-- How did the audience receive the new play?-- They got very excited.②-- How did Bob do in the exams this time ?-- Well, his father seems pleased with his results.作表语的过去分词与被动语态中的过去分词的区别：这两种不同语法功能的句子在形式上是一样的，都是有“系动词be + 过去分词”构成的，有时候容易混淆。
区别如下：①被动态表示主语的动作；而作表语的分词表示主语所处的状态。
如：The blackboard was broken ( has been broken ) by Li Ming.The blackboard is broken.②从时态上来区分。
系表结构只用于一般现在时，一般过去时，现在完成时和过去完成时；而被动语态除了不能用于完成进行时和将来进行时外，可用于其他时态。
③从时态的一致性来区分。
被动语态的时态要求与相应的主动语态一致；系表结构不需要一致。
如：The blackboard was broken by Li Ming.（）Li Ming broke the blackboard.（）The blackboard is broken. ( )（表示状态则可用现在时，表示目前的状态，不必考虑其时态要与相应的主语语态一致。
我们可以理解为黑板以前被李明打碎，现在它是碎的。
）注意：有相应的形容词能说明状态时，则不用分词，而用形容词。
如：The window is opened. The door is locked. ( )The window is open. The door is locked. ( )④be + 不及物动词的过去分词，一般是系表结构，而不是被动语态。
常用来作表语的不及物动词有：gone，come，fallen，known，arrived，educated，risen，learned，returned，excited，retired，astonished，mistaken，interested等。