2016徐汇区高三英语二模试卷及答案

矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。

如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。

㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。

(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。

如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。

对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。

二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。

2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。

㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。

2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。

三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。

2、矿区矿产资源概况。

3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。

㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。

2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。

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2016年上海市徐汇区中考英语二模试卷和参考答案

2016年上海市徐汇区中考英语二模试卷一、I. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture.（根据你听到地内容，选出相应地图片）（6分）1．（6分）1．2．3．4．5．6．．B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.（根据你听到地对话和问题，选出最恰当地答案）（8分）7．（1分）A）Two．B）Three．C）Five．D）Seven．8．（1分）A）In Hong Kong．B）In Tokyo．C）In Beijing．D）In London．9．（1分）A）At 8：30．B）At 9：00．C）At 9：30．D）At 10：00．10．（1分）A）Wife and husband．B）Teacher and student．C）Boss and secretary．D）Air hostess（空姐）and passenger．11．（1分）A）In the kitchen．B）In the bedroom．C）In the living room．D）In the garden．12．（1分）A）Look for dinosaurs．B）Go to the library．C）Search for information online．D）Borrow some books from the lady．13．（1分）A）Happy．B）Tired．C）Bored．D）Excited．14．（1分）A）The woman used to travel a lot．B）The woman's sister likes to collect postcards．C）Their suitcases may be full of gifts．D）The man wants a bigger suitcase．C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到地短文内容，符合地用T表示，不符合地用F 表示）15．（1分）The mother took her son to a concert to praise him for his progress．16．（1分）Their seats were close to the entrance of the concert hall．17．（1分）The boy secretly went up onto the stage and started to play．18．（1分）The pianist was surprised to find how wonderfully the boy played thepiano．19．（1分）The pianist and the boy played together and their music attracted the crowd．20．（1分）It tells us a helping hand makes a difference and people are supposed to help each other．D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）：（共10分）21．（10分）21．When I was 22 years old，I weighed 220 pounds and wore a 22．My doctor told me that if I didn't I would face an early death．23．I started walking in the biggest park nearby and began to eat less．24．In 2006，I decided to use an online diet diary to record my daily and exercise．25．In five months，I lost 30 pounds and I was，and healthier than I'd ever been．二、（第二部分语音、词汇和语法）Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当地答案）共20分.26．（1分）It's not right to judge a book by its cover．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word？（）A．〔dʒu：dʒ〕B．〔ju：dʒ〕C．〔dʒʌdʒ〕D．〔dʒʌŋg〕27．（1分）Which of the following is right？（）A．How hard Tom works! B．I don't know his name．C．Is this your ruler？D．Where is Tom's desk？28．（1分）My parents were watching ________TV when I got home last night．（）A．a B．an C．the D．∕29．（1分）The twin sisters look alike．It's not easy to tell the difference ________Jessie and Millie．（）A．from B．about C．between D．With30．（1分）__________amazing invention attracted all the people at the meeting．（）A．They B．Their C．Them D．Theirs31．（1分）Some people go to coffee shops to meet friends，_______may just want to have a cup of nice coffee．（）A．another B．the other C．others D．the others32．（1分）Since there was only one position available，Mr．Peterson had to choose either Jack _________Tom to be a manager．（）A．and B．so C．or D．but33．（1分）My aunt is a little nervous about her first to Canada．She has______ been abroad before．（）A．never B．sometimes C．often D．always34．（1分）Hans is the second _______boy in his class．（）A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest35．（1分）A：__________I wear a tie to Janet's birthday party？B：No，you needn't．But do remember to bring her a present．（）A．Must B．Should C．Need D．Can36．（1分）As a local journalist，Hans ________big events of the city every day．（）A．will report B．reports C．is reporting D．reported37．（1分）All the judges liked the seven﹣year﹣old girl's singing．Her voice sounds__________（）A．friendly B．clearly C．lovely D．rarely38．（1分）After AlphaGo defeated human Go champion，we started to worry about whether AI（人工智能）_________the place of human some day in the future．（）A．took B．has taken C．is taking D．would take39．（1分）________unforgettable moment it was to the fans of Leonardo DiCaprio around the world!（）A．What B．How C．What a D．What an40．（1分）The heavy rain made the headmaster________ the school sports meeting．（）A．to cancel B．cancel C．canceling D．canceled41．（1分）The new App allows us to use voice to create notes instead of_______ all the words．（）A．to type B．type C．typing D．typed42．（1分）Susan_____while the rest of the family were talking happily in the car．（）A．drove B．was driving C．has driven D．drives43．（1分）Miss Brown would like to know______．（）A．when will she get a new computer from her fatherB．when she would get a new computer from her fatherC．when would she get a new computer from her fatherD．when she will get a new computer from her father44．（1分）A：Take a seat and make yourself at home here in our apartment（）A．The same to you．B．You are welcome．C．Thank you D．I'd love to45．（1分）A：I am afraid Tim is not going to join you this time．B：____________（）A．What a pity! B．It's very kind of you!C．That's right! D．That sounds great!三、III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每空格限填一词，每个单词或词组只能填一次）．（共8分）46．（4分）A．fun B．safety C．walk D．always E．callingThe elephant was lying heavily on its side，fast asleep．A few dogs started barking at it．The elephant woke up in a terrible anger and all the dogs ran back to the village for（46）．That didn't stop the elephant．It destroyed a few houses and hurt several people．The villages were frightened and angry．Then someone suggested（47）Parbati for help，the elephant princess（公主）．Parbati Barua's father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer（驯象师）．He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even（48）．He also taught her the dangerouss art of the elephant round﹣up﹣how to catch wild elephants．Parbati hasn't（49）lived in the forest．After a happy childhood hunting with her father，she was sent to boarding school in the city．But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life．"Life in the city is too dull．Catching elephants is an adventure and excitement lasts for days after the chase，"she says．50．（4分）A．However B．work C．faithful D．Above all E．guide But Parbati doesn't catch elephant just for fun．"My（50），"she says，"is to protect man from the elephants，and to keep the elephant safe from man．"And this is exactly what Parbati has been dong for many years．（51），the Indian elephant is angry for many years，hunters have attacked it and its home in the forest has been reduced to small pieces of land．It is now fighting back．Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village，Parbati is called to（52）the animals back to the jungle before they can kill．Being an elephant tamer also needs love．A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a baby elephant．"Finally they grow to love their tamers and never forget them．They are also more（53）than humans，"she said，as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the huge，happy animal．An elephant princess indeed!四、IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms （用括号中所给单词地适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）：（共8分）54．（1分）If Hilary wins the presidential election（总统大选），she will be thewoman president of the USA．（one）55．（1分）Eve's dog has a strong habit．It likes to hide toys in dog house．（it）56．（1分）So far I haven't received the to the conference from the organizer．（invite）57．（1分）The recipe says"Peel the apple first and then cut it into two"（half）58．（1分）That poor little girl looks so．We'd better give her a hand．（help）59．（1分）Every Sunday people see Tom sit and watch his grandpa fishing．（quiet）60．（1分）With more than 80hotels to from，I am sure you will find a suitable one．（choice）61．（1分）The more cars people buy，the traffic in the city is becoming．（bad）五、V. Rewrite the following sentences as required （根据所给要求，改写下列句子，62-67题，每空限填一词，68题注意大小写）：（共14分）62．（2分）Every morning Sarah has an egg and a piece of bread as her breakfast．（改为一般疑问句）Sarah an egg and a piece of bread as her breakfast every morning？63．（2分）Tom repaired my broken windows last week．（改为被动语态）My broken windows by Tom last week．64．（2分）There will be a lot of changes taking place in my hometown．（改为反义疑问句）There will be a lot of changes taking place in my hometown，？65．（2分）People all think the cartoon Zootopia is interesting and wonderful．（对划线部分提问）do people the cartoon Zootopia？66．（2分）Nowadays，many people continue their studies after they begin to work．（保持句意不变）Nowadays，many people with their studies after they begin to work．67．（2分）Shall we call the police or not？He asked me．（合并两句为一句）He asked me call the police or not．68．（2分）Successfully，ten years ago，three books，since，has written，she．（连词成句）．六、Part 3 Reading and WritingVI Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A.Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当地答案）：（12分）69．（12分）While good grades and test are the basic requirements for getting into college，after﹣school activities are becoming more important in the colledge selection process in the US．As entrance into college has become more difficult，colleges have looked more at what skills you have．Taking part in after﹣school activities is a great way to succeed in school．High School ClubsMost high schools offer a lot of clubs and activities，so it is easy to find something that you are interested in．Colleges look for students who will also be active other than test scores．There are many clubs in school，such as the drama club and a book club．You may even be able to find a club related to a future job，such as Future Teachers of America．High School SportsIf you want to go to college and want to take part in sports at a college level，then this fact just might give you a chance．It is generally a good idea to focus on one single sport．If you plan on sports opening college doors and leading to college scholarships（奖学金），it would be better if you decide which sport to do．In this way，you will have enough time to build their skills．High School Publications（出版物）Another smart way to be active in high school and show colleges that you are interested in activities more than academics（学术）is to be a part of their school's newspaper or magazine．There may be an actual class you can join or you may join aclub．Being in high school publications can be very helpful，particularly if you want to major in English or in education in college．69．Now in the US，colleges have focused more on the students'during the selection process．A）good grades B）family background C）skills D）scholarships 70．After﹣school activities include all of the following except．A）joining a club B）doing a part﹣time job C）working on school's newspaper or magazine D）taking part in sports 71．Joining a club may help students．A）improve their English B）get higher scores in subjectsC）make more good friends D）know more about their future jobs 72．This passage is probably written for to read．A）teachers B）students C）parents D）headmasters 73．We can learn from the passage thatA）the US colleges prefer to have students who study very hardB）you must take actual classes to be part of school's newspaperC）being good at sports is considered important in the US college selectionD）you can easily find a suitable club to join in every high school in the US 74．Which of the following students will get useful information from this passage？A）Sarah is thinking about starting her own business after gratuation．B）Ann likes writing and she would like to choose English as her major in college．C）Leon is interested in acting and he wants to join the school's drama club．D）Chris has difficulty in getting along with the other members on the basket ball team．B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当地单词或词语完成短文）：（12分）75．（12分）My neighbor Ollie and I have been friends since we were young．But I almost lost him as a friend forever!It started the day Ollie came to the Harvest Fair with my family．Ollie and I palyed theringross（投环套物游戏）．（75），I found Ollie was smiling at a kid behind me．It was Ethan．He and Ollie was on the same soccer team．They talked happily and almost in a little while，they moved over to a patch of grass and started playing．I followed them，but they played soccer together as if I didn't（76）．"The Rope Ladder looks fun，"I said．"Want to try it？"But neither of them looked up as if I was not there．Later，I ran away．On the ride home，my feelings were still so hurt that I couldn't even look at Ollie．"What's wrong？"he asked，but I pretended not to hear．When I got to my house gate，I said under my breath to him，"You are the（77）friend I have ever had．"He looked surprised and a little angry．Ollie and I didn't speak to each other for a week．One day we happened to be at the park at the same time，and Ollie came over to me．"I can't figure out what I did wrong，"he said．"Are you serious？"I said．"You were so rud that day．You abandoned（遗弃）"me when Ethan showed up!""You thought I was leaving you out（78）？""Well，you were not trying to include me．""I am sorry!I was just surprised to see him there．"Ollie said，"Can we go back to being friends？"I thought about it．Having Ollie as a friend made life more fun and it seemed stupid to break up with him （79）there was one little argument．"OK，"I said．So we started hanging out again．Things were a little weird（奇怪地）at first，but they went pretty much back to（80）after a few days．As you know，arguments can happen between best friends．When you are ready，talk it out with your friend and make sure you listen to each other's point of view．If you decide that the friendship is worth it，try to forgive each other and get on with you lives!75．A）Suddenly B）Luckily C）Finally D）Immediately 76．A）leave B）speak C）exist D）wait77．A）best B）funniest C）worst D）closest 78．A）in a hurry B）on purpose C）over and over D）by mistake 79．A）unless B）after C）because D）if80．A）quiet B）forgetful C）fresh D）usual．C．Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（14分）81．（14分）I am lucky to have had great teachers in my life．Since I started teaching this year，I have spent a lot of time thinking about what makes a good teacher even b （81）．I hope someday to have students feel about me the way I feel about Mrs．Mitchell （1st grade），Mrs．Porter （4th grade），Mrs．Morin （9th grade），Mr．Turner （11th grade History），Mrs．Fields（12th grade Biology），and so many more through all these years．I may not know what the magic is for a great teacher but I do know that there are a few c（82）characteristics（特点）among those I have met．●All my favorite teachers taught me both"the w（83）"of the course or class and also"the why"﹣why it was important to learn to read，to count，to write an article，to understand the different parts of health system．●All my favorite teachers whose name I remember and whose lesson helped shape the person I am today s respected me and expected respect f（84）me．Questions were expected and valued．There was always too much to d （85），to challenge，to learn．●All my favorite teachers'classed stretched outside the c（86）．When I was younger，I could ask a great teacher a question in the hallway or on the playground and know I would get a smile，an encouragement and an answer．As I got older，I could email questions to my teachers，come early to school or stay l（87）after a lecture to further study a point，or ask for advice．Even today，when I think of one of my favorite teachers or two，I hope I am making them proud．D. Answer the questions （根据短文内容回答问题）：（12分）88．（12分）Venus （金星）has long been one of the most misunderstood planets．Like the earth，Venus has its own atmosphere．However，the atmosphere is much thicker than that of the earth，which makes it difficult for modern scientists to study．There is much we still do not know about what this planet like．However，using special machines，scientists have unlocked many of the long﹣hidden secrets in recent years．Venus is in many ways the earth's sister planet．It is almost the same in size and chemistry as the earth．In other words，Venus is made up of almost the exact same types of materials as the earth，in about the same amounts．In the early days of Venus'4﹣billion﹣year﹣old life，it would have appeared very similar to the earth．The two would have been almost the same．However，over a period of a few million years ago，Venus lies much closer to the sun than our planet．It has made Venus terribly hot．Since it is closer to the sun，Venus'temperature should be a little warmer than that of the earth．As the planet warmed，water which can be used to form oceans，lakes and rivers，evaporated（蒸发）．This increase in water vapor（水蒸气）began a cycle of global warming．Water vapor is a very effective greenhouse gas．It caused the temperature to rise and more water to evaporate．The temperature then climbed still further．Today it is likely that all of Venus's water has evaporated into the atmosphere．This atmosphere effectively keeps the sun's energy and makes the surface to burn much hotter than it naturally would．If you happen to find a way to survive the extreme heat on the surface of Venus，you will quickly notice something strange about the days．Venus rotates（旋转）very slowly，so that a day on Venus actually lasts longer than a year．Instead of the sun rising in the east and setting in the west，the sun would appear to rise in the west and set in the east when you are on Venus．88．Both Venus and the earth have their own atmosphere，don't you？．89．How can the scientists finally get to know more about Venus in recent years？．90．Why is Venus considered the earth's sister planet？．91．What has caused Venus to become completely different from the earth？．92．Please list some other strange natural phenomena（现象）on Venus besides the heat．．93．In recent year，the earth faces the similar situation which makes Venus very hot．What do we call this kind of situation and what caused the problem on the earth？．七、VII. Writing：（20分）94．（20分）假设你参加了一个暑假去偏远地区（a remote area）和小朋友们生活一段时间地志愿者项目．出发之前你希望得到更多一些关于项目地信息．你列了一张表，请决定你最希望了解地1至2个关键问题，然后写一封信给组织者Mr．Prince，请求他地帮助（信件格式已给，标点符号不占格，至少60个字．）2016年上海市徐汇区中考英语二模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、I. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture.（根据你听到地内容，选出相应地图片）（6分）1．（6分）1．G2．B3．C4．H5．D6．F．【解答】GBCHDFB. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.（根据你听到地对话和问题，选出最恰当地答案）（8分）7．（1分）A）Two．B）Three．C）Five．D）Seven．【解答】B8．（1分）A）In Hong Kong．B）In Tokyo．C）In Beijing．D）In London．【解答】D9．（1分）A）At 8：30．B）At 9：00．C）At 9：30．D）At 10：00．【解答】B10．（1分）A）Wife and husband．B）Teacher and student．C）Boss and secretary．D）Air hostess（空姐）and passenger．【解答】D11．（1分）A）In the kitchen．B）In the bedroom．C）In the living room．D）In the garden．【解答】B12．（1分）A）Look for dinosaurs．B）Go to the library．C）Search for information online．D）Borrow some books from the lady．【解答】C13．（1分）A）Happy．B）Tired．C）Bored．D）Excited．【解答】B14．（1分）A）The woman used to travel a lot．B）The woman's sister likes to collect postcards．C）Their suitcases may be full of gifts．D）The man wants a bigger suitcase．【解答】CC. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到地短文内容，符合地用T表示，不符合地用F 表示）15．（1分）The mother took her son to a concert to praise him for his progress．【解答】B16．（1分）Their seats were close to the entrance of the concert hall．【解答】B17．（1分）The boy secretly went up onto the stage and started to play．【解答】A18．（1分）The pianist was surprised to find how wonderfully the boy played the piano．【解答】B19．（1分）The pianist and the boy played together and their music attracted the crowd．【解答】A20．（1分）It tells us a helping hand makes a difference and people are supposed to help each other．【解答】AD. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）：（共10分）21．（10分）21．When I was 22 years old，I weighed 220 pounds and wore a size 22．My doctor told me that if I didn't lose weight I would face an early death．23．I started walking in the biggest park nearby every day and began to eat less．24．In 2006，I decided to use an online diet diary to record my daily eating habits and exercise．25．In five months，I lost 30 pounds and I was stronger，thinner and healthier than I'd ever been．【解答】略二、（第二部分语音、词汇和语法）Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当地答案）共20分.26．（1分）It's not right to judge a book by its cover．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word？（）A．〔dʒu：dʒ〕B．〔ju：dʒ〕C．〔dʒʌdʒ〕D．〔dʒʌŋg〕【解答】答案：C．judge 是动词，意思是"判断"音标是"[dʒʌdʒ]"结合给出地四个选项，因此可知C 项地音标与划线单词地音标一致，故选C．27．（1分）Which of the following is right？（）A．How hard Tom works! B．I don't know his name．C．Is this your ruler？D．Where is Tom's desk？【解答】答案：C．考查常用日常交际用语．句意：下面哪个是对地？根据题干How hard Tom works!感叹句，降调；I don't know his name．否定句，降调；Is this your ruler？一般疑问句，升调；Where is Tom's desk？特殊疑问句，降调．可知只有C是升调，故选C．28．（1分）My parents were watching ________TV when I got home last night．（）A．a B．an C．the D．∕【解答】答案：D 根据TV电视，结合选项，推测意思是昨晚当我到家时，我地父母正在看电视．故这里表达看电视，英语是watch TV，中间不需要任何冠词，故选D29．（1分）The twin sisters look alike．It's not easy to tell the difference ________Jessie and Millie．（）A．from B．about C．between D．With【解答】答案：C．考查介词．句意"这对双胞胎姐妹长得很像．辨别杰西和米莉之间地差别是不容易地．"．A来自…B关于…C在…之间．D和…between…and…"在…和…之间"，固定搭配．选C．30．（1分）__________amazing invention attracted all the people at the meeting．（）A．They B．Their C．Them D．Theirs【解答】答案：B 根据amazing invention 令人吃惊地发明，这是一个名词短语，需要一个形容词作定语来修饰，共同充当句子地主语，结合选项，故选B他们地．A 他们，主格作主语，C他们，宾格作宾语，D他们地，名词性物主代词31．（1分）Some people go to coffee shops to meet friends，_______may just want to have a cup of nice coffee．（）A．another B．the other C．others D．the others【解答】答案：C 根据Some people go to coffee shops to meet friends有些人到咖啡馆去见朋友，结合选项，推测意思是其他人可能只想喝一杯美味地咖啡．即考查固定短语some…others…，一些人…其他人，故选C其他人．A另外一个，B两者中地另外一个，D特指其他人32．（1分）Since there was only one position available，Mr．Peterson had to choose either Jack _________Tom to be a manager．（）A．and B．so C．or D．but【解答】答案：C 根据Since there was only one position available因为只有一个位置，结合选项，推测意思是彼得森先生不得不选择杰克或汤姆当经理．即固定短语either…or…，或者…或者，故选C或者．A和，B因此，D但33．（1分）My aunt is a little nervous about her first to Canada．She has______ been abroad before．（）A．never B．sometimes C．often D．always【解答】答案：A 根据My aunt is a little nervous about her first to Canada我姑姑第一次到加拿大有点紧张，结合选项，推测意思是她以前从未出过国．故选A 从来没有．B有时，C经常，D总是34．（1分）Hans is the second _______boy in his class．（）A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest【解答】答案：C．考查最高级．句意"汉斯是他班上第二高地男孩．"，A高地．B 更高地．C最高地．D最高地．结合语境boy in his class他地班级里地男孩，可知，三者以上比较用最高级，因此A，B不正确．根据the second第二，序数词，可知，用tallest，不再加定冠词the，D不正确．答案是C．35．（1分）A：__________I wear a tie to Janet's birthday party？B：No，you needn't．But do remember to bring her a present．（）A．Must B．Should C．Need D．Can【解答】答案：A．结合选项可知本题考查情态动词，根据答语中地No you needn't．可知为否定回答，意思是"不，没必要"，以must开头地一般疑问句，肯定回答还用must，而否定回答一般借助于needn't或don't have to，表示"没必要"，故选A．B应该，C需要，D能够36．（1分）As a local journalist，Hans ________big events of the city every day．（）A．will report B．reports C．is reporting D．reported【解答】答案：B 根据every day每天，得知这里地时态是一般现在时，主语是三单汉斯，故谓语用三单reports，意思是汉斯每天报道这个城市地大事．故选B37．（1分）All the judges liked the seven﹣year﹣old girl's singing．Her voice sounds__________（）A．friendly B．clearly C．lovely D．rarely【解答】答案：C 根据All the judges liked the seven﹣year﹣old girl's singing所有地裁判都喜欢那个七岁女孩唱地歌，结合选项，推测意思是她地声音听起来令人愉快．sound是一个系动词，后接形容词，故选C令人愉快地．A友好地，B清楚地，副词，D稀少地，副词38．（1分）After AlphaGo defeated human Go champion，we started to worry about whether AI（人工智能）_________the place of human some day in the future．（）A．took B．has taken C．is taking D．would take【解答】答案：D．whether引导地宾语从句，主句一般过去时，从句用过去地某个时态，结合in the future用过去将来时would+动词原形，故选D，39．（1分）________unforgettable moment it was to the fans of Leonardo DiCaprio around the world!（）A．What B．How C．What a D．What an【解答】答案：D．英语中地感叹句要有what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!以及What+（a/an）+形容词+可数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给地单词，形容词是unforgettable，名词是moment 可数名词单数，应用what来感叹名词短语，unforgettable以元音音素开头，故an，故答案是：D．40．（1分）The heavy rain made the headmaster________ the school sports meeting．（）A．to cancel B．cancel C．canceling D．canceled【解答】答案：B 根据The heavy rain made the headmaster，结合选项，推测意思是大雨使校长取消学校运动会．即使役动词make sb．do sth．故选B取消，动词原形41．（1分）The new App allows us to use voice to create notes instead of_______ all the words．（）A．to type B．type C．typing D．typed【解答】答案：C 根据instead of而不是，后面接动词地现在分词，结合选项，意思是新地应用程序允许我们使用语音来创建笔记，而不需要键入所有单词．故选C打字．42．（1分）Susan_____while the rest of the family were talking happily in the car．（）A．drove B．was driving C．has driven D．drives【解答】答案：B根据句中含有while引导地时间状语从句，而且从句地时态为过去进行时态，根据while从句中必须是表示动作或状态地延续性动词．它强调主句地动作与从句地动作同时发生或主句地动作发生在从句地动作过程中．该句理解为：Susan在开车时，其他成员在开心聊天．故主句确定为过去进行时态，其结构为was/were+现在分词，故填入was driving，故选B43．（1分）Miss Brown would like to know______．（）A．when will she get a new computer from her fatherB．when she would get a new computer from her fatherC．when would she get a new computer from her fatherD．when she will get a new computer from her father【解答】答案：D．know后加宾语从句，引导词+陈述句语序，排除A，C．主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，从句表达地是将来地动词，故用一般将来时will+动词原形，故答案是D．44．（1分）A：Take a seat and make yourself at home here in our apartment（）A．The same to you．B．You are welcome．C．Thank you D．I'd love to【解答】答案：C．首先明确各选项中句子地意思，A：你也同样；B：不客气；C：谢谢；D：我愿意；根据前面一个人表达地意思是"请坐下，在我们家里就像在你自己家里一样．"，确定设空处填"谢谢"符合语境．故选C45．（1分）A：I am afraid Tim is not going to join you this time．B：____________（）A．What a pity! B．It's very kind of you!C．That's right! D．That sounds great!【解答】答案：A．考查常用日常交际用语．句意：恐怕这一次，蒂姆不会和你一起去．真遗憾！What a pity!真遗憾！It's very kind of you 你真是太好了；That's right!好地；That sounds great!那听起来不错．I am afraid Tim is not going to join you this time．恐怕这一次，蒂姆不会和你一起去．可知表示惋惜，应说真遗憾！故选A．三、III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每空格限填一词，每个单词或词组只能填一次）．（共8分）46．（4分）A．fun B．safety C．walk D．always E．callingThe elephant was lying heavily on its side，fast asleep．A few dogs started barking at it．The elephant woke up in a terrible anger and all the dogs ran back to the village for（46）B．That didn't stop the elephant．It destroyed a few houses and hurt several people．The villages were frightened and angry．Then someone suggested（47）E Parbati for help，the elephant princess（公主）．Parbati Barua's father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer（驯象师）．He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even（48）C．He also taught her the dangerouss art of the elephant round﹣up﹣how to catch wild elephants．Parbati hasn't（49）D lived in the forest．After a happy childhood hunting with her father，she was sent to boarding school in the city．But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life．"Life in the city is too dull．Catching elephants is an adventure and excitement lasts for days after the chase，"she says．【解答】答案：46．B 考查名词．safety安全，是名词，根据预猜句意"大象愤怒地惊醒了，所有地狗都跑回村子里寻求安全．"可知，此处需要一个名词做介词for地宾语，故选B．47．E 考查固定句型．call打电话，是动词，suggest doing sthing是固定句型，意思是"建议做某事"，结合预猜句意"然后有人建议打电话给eparbati寻求帮助．"，可知填calling，故选E．48．C 考查动词．前面有情态动词could，后面用动词原形，结合预猜句意"他教Parbati骑大象在她会走之前"，可知填walk，故选C．49．D 考查副词．always总是，是副词，修饰动词居住；结合预猜句意"Parbati 并不总是住在森林里"，可知填always，故选D．50．（4分）A．However B．work C．faithful D．Above all E．guide But Parbati doesn't catch elephant just for fun．"My（50）B，"she says，"is to protect man from the elephants，and to keep the elephant safe from man．"And this is exactly what Parbati has been dong for many years．（51）A，the Indian elephant is angry for many years，hunters have attacked it and its home in the forest has been reduced to small pieces of land．It is now fighting back．Whenever wild。

2016年高三-上海四区-二模-英语

上海市四区联考（静杨青宝）2016届高三4月高考模拟高三英语第I卷（共105分）II. Grammar and VocabularySection Awas Black music that broke through to white culture when whites played the Blacks’ songs_____ 25. Rock’n’rollthe same style.A. withB. onC. inD. by26. The information he gave us was quite different from _____ we got ourselves.A. oneB. thoseC. thatD. itm sorry I insulted you, Jimmy.27. –I’–That’s _____ like it.A. moreB. mostC. lessD. least28. There _____ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A. mustn’tB. shan’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t29. He damaged his leg so badly in the accident that the bone _____.A. exposedB. has exposedC. is exposedD. was exposed30. If you “look the other way” while something bad is happening, that means you choose _____ that thing.A. ignoringB. to ignoreC. ignoredD. to be ignored31. At present, a few American companies _____ deals with Chinese companies to license Chinese technology.A. are even makingB. even makeC. even madeD. have even made32. It’s a shame to say it again, but I did tell a lie when _____ last time in my teacher’s office.A. having questionedB. to questionC. questionedD. to be questioned33. We haven’t settled the question _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that34. My grandfather runs in the park nearby every morning _____ it rains.A. except thatB. except whenC. exceptD. except for35. None of us think it any good _____ a contract with such a dishonest boss.A. signingB. to signC. signedD. sign36. A reward of 50 thousand yuan will be offered by the local police to _____ can provide any clues leading tothe arrest of the bank robbers.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. whoD. whom37. Many a time _____ her answers in the test paper because she is not confident enough of herself especiallywhen it comes to a critical moment.A. the girl has changedB. has changed the girlC. did the girl changeD. has the girl changed38. E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying message among people _____well satisfies human needs.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. how39. My uncle hesitated for a long time _____ he decided to buy a flat, as he was not quite sure whether the priceof the house would go up or not.A. unlessB. beforeC. ifD. until40. _____ by the host three times, the contestant had to turn to the audience present for help.A. Having deniedB. DenyingC. Being deniedD. Having been deniedSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Watching a child struggle to breathe during an asthma(哮喘) attack is frightening for any parent. So it is only natural that most moms and dads will try just about anything —including spending a lot of money—to keep anattack at __41__. Trouble is, more than half of parents are tryingstrategies that simply don’t work and wastinghundreds of dollars in the__42__.According to Dr. Michael Cabana, a pediatrician at the University of Michigan ’s C.S. Mott Children ’s Hospital, who led the study, one of the most__43__ mistakes was to buy a mattress cover to protect against dust mites(尘螨)for a child whose asthma instead was made even worse by plant pollen. Many of those parents then __44__ to do what would have helped a lot more: shut the windows to keep pollen out. Another was using a humidifier for a child who was allergic（过敏）to dust mites; a humidifier__45__ to be a place where dust miteslike to __46__. With those allergies, a dehumidifier works better.Worst of all was the number of smokers with asthmatic children who didn ’ｔ even try to quit or at least__47__ themselves to smoking outdoors rather than just moving to another room or the garage. Many smokingparents__48__ expensive air filters that have what Cabana called“questionable utility.”Part of the problem, Dr. Cabana and his colleagues believe, is that parents are bombarded by television ads that encourage them to buy products such as air and carpet fresheners, ionizers and other remedies that are often expensive but medically __49__. And doctors may not always take the time, or have the time, to explain to parents what will and won’t work in their child’s particular case.III. Reading Comprehension Section AAesthetic （审美的）thought of a distinctively modern art emerged during the 18thcentury. The westernphilosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters as natural beauty, the sublime, and representation —a trend __50__ the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature. __51__ that time, however, the philosophy of art has become ever more famous and has begun to__52__ the philosophy of nature. Various issues__53__to the philosophy of nature have had a(n) __54__ impact on the orientation of 20th-centuryaesthetics. Foremost among these are problems relating to the theory of art as form and__55__ the distinction between representation and expression. Still another far-reaching question has to do with the value of art. Two __56__ theoretical positions have taken on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a means to some recognized moral good, __57__ the other maintains that art is intrinsically(固有的) valuable and is an end in itself.Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic concerns of aesthetics. In recent years there has also been an increasing preoccupation with art as the prime object of critical judgment. Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, __58__have followed either of the two approaches. In one, criticism is __59__ to the analysis and interpretation of the work of art. __60__, it is devoted to expressing the response to the aesthetic object and to justifying a particular way of perceiving it.Over the years, aesthetics has developed into a broad __61__ of knowledge and inquiry. The __62__ of contemporary aesthetics include such problems as the nature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to __63__; the viability(可行性) of a history of art; the significance of Freudian psychologyand other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in __64__ reasoning inA. breedB. commonC. limitD. spendsE. processF. purchasedG. tendsH. bayI. unnecessaryJ. neglected。

2015年上海市徐汇、松江、金山区高考英语二模试卷

2014学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷2015.4 Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In the clinic. B. At the airport. C. On the playground. D. In the prison.2. A. $2. B. $4. C. $12. D. $24.3. A. Customer and shop assistant. B. Mother and son.C. Husband and wife.D. Teacher and student.4. A. Decoration. B. Traffic. C. Space. D. Noise.5. A. Advertisements. B. TV programs. C. Shopping. D. Forms of pastime.6. A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough.C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.7. A. Some people tell a lot more than they know.B. Some people like to hide their thoughts.C. What the woman said is wrong.D. He knows more than the woman does.8. A. He is not equal to the job.B. He is not well paid for his work.C. He doesn‟t think the job is challenging enough.D. He can not keep mind on his work.9. A. She shouldn‟t listen to Mark anymore.B. She should pay little attention to what Mark says.C. She shouldn‟t do things negatively.D. She should take Mark‟s remarks seriously.10.A. She thinks the pollution level is too serious to be true.B. She is sure that the equipment is broken.C. She doesn‟t believe the man at all.D. She is annoyed by the wrong report about the pollution level.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Receiving phone calls. B. Visiting awkward people.C. Working out a plan.D. Having a tiring meeting.12.A. People preferring regular working hours. B. People who are lively and open.C. Both males and females.D. People without a driving license.13.A. Policewoman. B. Sales representative.C. Secretary.D. Tour guide.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. They haven‟t devoted to medicine as much as to space travel.B. There are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify.C. It is not economical to find a cure for each type of cold.D. They believe people can recover without treatment.15.A. They reveal the seriousness of the problem. B. They indicate how fast the virus spreads.C. They tell us what kind of medicine to take.D. They show our body is fighting the virus.16.A. It actually does more harm than good.B. It causes damage to some organs of our body.C. It works better when combined with other treatments.D. It helps us to recover much sooner.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Information about JaneAppearance: a beautiful girl with long, blonde and 17 hairOccupation: a 18 designer in Star StudioEducation: a 19 of Harvard UniversityInterest: a music and art lover, fond of 20 her won musicComplete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.How can we keep fit? By having a balanced diet and 21 .Why can transgenic (转基因的)Because they are resistant to 22 .technology increase the output of crops?Why do many people suffer from heartBecause 23 provide people with over-nutrition. disease?What do Chinese people want theTo solve the problem of the domestic 24 . government to do?Complete the form. Write NOT MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)As you get older, it feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines (25) we age and that makes time move quickly.We perceive time as something like a stack of memories, so the less new experiences you have, the (26) (likely) you are to fill in those memories with interesting things.Time does go by (or, more accurately, it feels as if time is going by) more quickly, the older we get.In the first few years of our lives, anything we sense or do is brand new, and many of our experiences are unique, so they remain firmly in our memories. But as (27) years go by, we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences—both because we (28) (accomplish) a lot and because we are slaves to our daily routines.For example, try to remember (29) happened to you every day last week，chances are that nothing extraordinary happened, so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday, Tuesday, etc.What can we do about this? Maybe we need some new app that will encourage us to try out new experiences, point out things we‟ve never done, recommend dishes we‟ve never tasted and sugges t places we‟ve never been. Such an app (30) make our lives more varied, encourage us to try new things, slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness.(31) such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week. It‟s not too difficult to push (32) to do new things.(B)This afternoon, I spoke with Governor Malloy and FBI Director Mueller. I offered Governor Malloy my condolences（吊唁，慰问）on behalf of the nation, and made it clear that he will have every single resource that he needs (33) (investigate) this heinous（令人发指的）crime, care for the victims, comfort their families.(34) ______ (endure) too many of these tragedies in the past few years. And each time I learn the news I react not as a President, but as anybody else would — as a parent. And that was especially true today. I know there‟s not a parent in America who doesn‟t feel the same overwhelming grief that I do.The majority of those (35) died today were children — beautiful little kids between the ages of 5 and 10 years old. They had their entire lives ahead of them —birthdays, graduations, weddings, kids of their own. Among the (36) (fall) were also teachers — men and women who devoted their lives to (37) (help) our children fulfill their dreams.So our hearts are broken today — for the parents and grandparents, sisters and brothers of these little children, and for the families of the adults who (38) (lose). Our hearts are broken for the parents of the survivors as well, for as blessed as they are to have their children home tonight, they know that their children‟s innocence has been torn away from them too early, and there are no words that will ease their pain.As a country, we have been through this too many times. (39) it‟s an elementary school in Newtown, or a shopping mall in Oregon, or a temple in Wisconsin, or a movie theater in Aurora, or a street corner in Chicago — these neighborhoods are our neighborhoods, and these children are our children. And we‟re going to have to come together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies (40) this, regardless of the politics.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. instructionsB. randomC. highlyD. revealedE. simplyF. establishedG. situations H. confirmed I. senses J. common K. routinesPosting a photo of the food you‟re about to eat on WeChat has become a daily ritual（惯例；仪式）for many. Often this food in the photo isn‟t as appealing to those looking at it, but scientists are now claiming taking a photo of your food before you eat it makes it taste better.Researchers at University of Minnesota‟s Carlson Schoo l of Management claim taking a photo puts you in the moment and in doing so, heightens your (41)______. The person taking the photo will, on some level, feel the motivation to continue the practice.Researchers wondered about the power of rituals after noticing the funny (42)______ that people often perform before eating and drinking. They conducted experiments to investigate whetherthese kinds of habitual behaviour influences taste.In the first experiment, some participants were asked to eat a piece of chocolate following a detailed set of (43)______: …Without unwrapping the chocolate bar, break it in half. Unwrap half of the bar and eat it. Then, unwrap the other half and eat it.‟ The other participants were (44)______ instructed to relax for a short amount of time and then eat the chocolate bar however they wanted.The results showed that those who had performed the ritual rated the chocolate more(45)______, enjoyed it more, and were willing to pay more for the chocolate than the other group.A second experiment (46)______ these findings, showing that (47)______ movements don‟t produce a more enjoyable eating experience. The data also (48)______ that a longer delay between ritual and consumption enhanced these effects, even with a common food like carrots.While these rituals may seem insignificant, the researchers note that the effects they produce are quite amazing. And while rituals are (49)______ before mealtimes, they could play a role in other (50)______, too.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An examination is a very important part of life, which is used to test a perso n‟s ability. But as you know many of us has (51)_____ and are afraid of it. Though they know that exams are there for their benefit, they still have a lot of fear for it. It is very often we find such people. You will find such people a little anxious and a little stressed about their exams. Many a time such nerves can be (52)_____ and useful to you, for others it‟s nerve wrecking.To overcome these nerves we got some tips for you. Don‟t get too excited about the exams and for that don‟t drink too much of the coffee or tea to cope up with the exam (53)_____. Eat a healthy and proper diet and don‟t worry about the exams while eating. Stress can be harmful to you (54)_____ sometimes. It can cause a lot of problems in your body, which can be increased heartbeat and breath, sweating palms, nervous attitude, stressed about exams, etc...Before moving to the examination hall you prepare thoroughly about the exams. For that firstly make a list of what is to be studied and then make an overlook for that. Now divide each subject into some easy sub-classes. Go through some (55)_____ question papers and study your earlier mistakes made in it. Make a perfect schedule for your study. Overlook the (56) _____ used for answering the questions I mean their pattern and style of writing. Solve few more question papers to achieve a proper time (57)_____. Take some quick breaks in your study time so that you can (58)_____ an interest in your study.Now while taking the exams just relax, control your breath and believe in yourself. Don‟t panic and be optimistic. Try to reduce your stress and be happy. Don‟t (59)_____ at least an hour before the exams, just get yourself calmed down. Keep your focus on the paper and tell yourself that you are (60)_____ prepared. For exams reach before the time and try to (61)_____ in the surroundings.Don‟t listen to any of the exam rumours before exams. If you still can‟t control your exam stress then go for some meditation or hypnosis（冥想或催眠）.Yes, hypnosis, a real good and (62)_____ way to control your nerves and reduce your stress. It can be seen that a person‟s whole life changes completely only from few of the (63)_____ instructions. In hypnosis a person directly deals you‟re your subconscious mind instead of your conscious mind. The fact is your subconscious mind is a lot more (64)_____ and following than your conscious mind, so instructing correctly to your subconscious mind results terrific in reducing your nerves. Hypnosis reduces your fear of failure and (65)_____ a sense of confidence in you. It decreases your negativity and forces you to think positively about your exams. You also multiples your potential. You simply need to get your hands on the hypnosis for examination MP3. This is easily downloadable and you‟ll be well on your path to comb ating and overcoming the condition.51.A. interest B. panic C. faith D. concept52.A. motivating B. suffering C. shocking D. spreading53.A. participation B. motivation C. expansion D. tension54.A. mentally B. physically C. continuously D. exhaustingly55.A. previous B. patient C. personal D. current56.A. preparations B. lessons C. schedules D. techniques57.A. administration B. management C. limitation D. scale58.A. entertain B. contain C. maintain D. complain59.A. revise B. rush C. instruct D. discuss60.A. normally B. informally C. comparatively D. completely61.A. mix B. resolve C. adjust D. focus62.A. instructive B. significant C. effective D. romantic63.A. appropriate B. splendid C. original D. negative64.A. impatient B. obedient C. ordinary D. desirable65.A. enjoys B. shakes C. generates D. generalizesSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThere were so many nights when I, as a young boy, had to watch helplessly as my father verbally and physically abused my mother. I can still recall the smell of alcohol, see the fear in my mother‟s eyes, and feel the hopeless misery that comes when we see people we love hurting each other in incomprehensible ways.I would not wish that experience on anyone, especially not a child. If I settle down in those memories, I can feel myself wanting to hurt my father back, in the same ways he hurts my mother and in ways of which I was incapable as a small boy. I see my mother‟s face and I see this gentle human being whom I loved so very much and who did nothing to deserve the pain imposed uponher.When I recall this story, I realize how difficult the process of forgiving truly is. Intellectually, I know my father caused pain because he was in pain. Spiritually, I know my faith tells me my father deserves to be forgiven as God forgive us all. But it is still difficult. The sufferings we have witnessed or experienced live on in our memories. Even years later they can cause us fresh pain each time we recall them.Are you hurt and suffering? Is the injury new, or is it an old, unhealed wound? Know that what was done to you was wrong, unfair, and undeserved. You are right to be outraged. And it is perfectly normal to want to hurt back when you have been hurt. But hurting back rarely satisfies. We think it will, but it doesn‟t. If I slap you after you slap me, it does not lessen the sting I feel on my own face, nor does it weaken my sadness as to the fact you have struck me. Revenge gives, at best, only momentary relief from our emotional pain. The only way to experience healing and peace is to forgive. Until we can forgive, we remain locked in our pain and locked out of the possibility of experiencing healing and freedom; locked out of the possibility of being at peace.Without forgiveness, we remain tied to the person who harmed us. We are bound with chains of bitterness, trapped. Until we can forgive the person who harmed us, that person will hold the keys to our happiness; that person will be our jailer (监狱看守).When we forgive, we take back control of our own fate and our feelings. We become our own liberators. Forgiveness, in other words, is the best form of self-interest. This is true both spiritually and scientifically. We don‟t forgive to help the other person. We don‟t forgive for others. We forgive for ourselves.66.Why did the writer mention the story of his father‟s abuse of his mom?A. Because he loved his mom and wanted to fight back someday.B. Because his father finally realized his own mistake and was forgiven.C. Because witnessing his mom‟s suffering is still hurting him and has no way to relieve.D. Because he felt that he was spiritually relieved from the pain through forgiveness.67.The writer wrote the article in order to tell people that _____.A. we may never heal our pains or sufferings in the heart unless we learn to forgiveB. we should never forget the sufferings buried in our heartsC. we may get tied to the person who harmed us all through lifeD. we shouldn‟t worry about the pains we caused, since forgiving is always easier than imagined68.What is the 4th paragraph mainly about?A. Hurting back does no good to relieving one‟s own hurts, but forgiving.B. If someone slaps you, you just slap back, which will lessen your pain.C. The sufferings we have witnessed or experienced will live on in our memories for ever.D. After being hurt, if one wants to experience healing and freedom, he should forget the hurt.69.Which of the following statements is the closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?A. In order to help others, we should stop forgiving and fight back.B. The purpose of our forgiving is not to help other people.C. Our forgiving is also useful to helping others, though they may have hurt us.D. Only by forgiving others can we help them to be good people.BWriting a book review is not like writing a fiction, where you have your freedom to express any type of literary mood. Here, you are limited within the scope, which is related only to the book or the literature and nothing else. To write a proper literary review, you should follow some important dos and don‟ts, which are discussed here.Top 3 dosSelect a literature of your choice and read it thoroughly. If required, you should read it multiple times, before you really frame up the literary review in your mind. While reading, try to assimilate the thoughts and philosophy of the author behind the book and also to analyze all the characters and events described in the literary piece. Start to pen down your literary analysis only when you have a complete understanding of the book, and not before that.Prepare your write-up based on your understanding of the book. Since you are reviewing the book, your opinion plays an important role here. If you prefer any particular character or any particular instance from the book, then expose that character or the situation in your review, to give it more importance. Also determine your preference with supporting logic. Ultimately it is your understanding o f the book, and it can differ from others‟ viewpoint. But you should stick to your opinion.Follow a proper format to construct your book review. It should have a proper introduction and a conclusion, other than the usual subject body. Distribute the subject body in chapters and paragraphs, to give a nice, structured look. Also, add a list of reference material at the end of the book. A structured material always carries a good impression and also, it helps the reader to go through the article at ease.Top 3 don’tsBook reviews are not exactly meant for writing a summary on the books. The objective of writing a book review is to arouse the curiosity in the mind of the readers. If someone mentions everything in the summary then the actual intention is lost.As mentioned earlier, one should not cross your limit to write a literary review. Do not bring up unnecessary topics to increase the length of the write-up, which is not at all related to the book. The readers want to learn about the book and not something irrelevant. Also, a smart and crisp writing helps to create a positive impression.You can go through reference books or articles on your subject, before you start preparing your article. But that should be completely with the intention of getting help in your understanding of the book. These reference items will help to strengthen your grip on the subject. But, you should never copy a single line of text from any other document or write-up. Plagiarism(剽窃), in any form, is a punishable offence by law. It will also destroy your reputation and close all the future avenues in thisfield.If you can follow the above dos and don‟ts religiously to write a book review, then it is going to be more original and interesting.70.Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “assimilate”inparagraph 2?A. stimulateB. fertilizeC. digestD. enhance71.The purpose of writing a review on a book is _____.A. to show your understanding of the thoughts and philosophy of the author behind the bookB. to show that you really stick to your own opinion though you‟ve read the bookC. to arouse reader s‟ curiosity to read more books on irrelevant topicsD. to spark reader s‟ interests in finding the book and reading it72.Which of the following is NOT true about the “dos”?A. Before writing a book review, you‟d better read it thoroughly or many times.B. Write down your literary analysis when reading the book.C. If you are interested in certain situation in the book, you can hardly give it too muchimportance in your review.D. A good review consists of a proper introduction and a conclusion, as well as a nice-structuredsubject body.73.The following statements are “don’ts” when writing a summary except _____.A. going through reference books or articles on your subject, before you start preparing yourarticleB. presenting all the detailed description of the book in the summaryC. the thought or action of putting anything irrelevant to the book into the summaryD. any forms of copying the text from others‟ written workCThe orangutan (红毛猩猩), the most inactive of the great apes, hasunusually stable DNA, too. Researchers have just completed thesequencing (序列) of the entire genome (基因组) of our orange-hairedrelative, and they have found to their surprise that its DNA has changedmuch less dramatically over time than has that of humans orchimpanzees. “The orangutan is very unique,” says Devin Locke, astructural geneticist heading the orangutan sequencing project.The orangutan genome had one other big surprise. Locke andcolleagues sequenced six Sumatran and five Bornean orangutans, whichare classified as different species. The apes have been physically separated for at least 21,000 years—the last time land bridges between the two islands existed—andearlier studies estimated that they became distinct species more than 1 million years ago. But the new analysis, reported online today in Nature, rewrites history: it appears they parted ways just 400,000 years ago. “Most previous studies used small sets of markers and a limited amount of DNA sequence,” says Locke. “The statistical power is so much greater when you have the whole genome available.”The orangutan now joins chimpanzees and humans as the third great ape to have its genome sequenced. “The orangutan genome is a wonderful resource,” says evolutionary geneticist Svante Pääbo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany. “It will help clarify how each part of human and African ape genomes are related to each other and evolved.”Such insights are already coming in. Orangutans originated some 12 million to 16 million years ago, giving their genomes much more time to evolve than those of humans and chimpanzees, which split into their own lineages（血统）5 million to 6 million years ago. But a comparison of the three genomes shows that humans and chimpanzees lose or gain new genes at twice the rate of orangutans.The reason may have to do with stretches of DNA called retrotransposons. These key drivers of evolution jump around the genome, creating new genes, damaging existing ones, or altering gene regulation. The new data reveal that common retrotransposons known as Alu elements have moved around the orangutan genome much less than they have in the human and chimpanzee genomes. “I don‟t want to say that …Alu retrotransposition events‟ are shut off in orangutans, but they‟ve been covered up,” says Locke.The researchers also discovered that, over time, the structure of orangutan chromosomes（染色体）has changed little, which may be linked to the Alu element finding. Other researchers have suggested that the strong and healthy structural variation in humans and chimps may have stimulated increased intelligence. But Locke notes that orangutans are also highly intelligent. “If orangutans have had very little structural variation, maybe this decouples structural variation from intelligence,” he says.A separate but related study published today in Genome Research reports yet another unexpected finding from a comparison of the three great ape genomes. A team led by Mikkel H. Schierup and Thomas Mailund of Aarhus University in Denmark (both co-authors of the Nature report) discovered that some regions of the human genome more closely resemble the orangutan than the chimpanzee. This reflects the fact that at the time humans split off from a common ancestor with chimps, both species had the same ancestral orangutan DNA. But humans and chimpanzees have evolved separately for millions of years. In the process, chimps for mysterious reasons lost some orangutan DNA that humans kept possession of.More surprises are sure to come as researchers compare the genomes of even more apes. Projects to sequence the other two great apes, gorillas and bonobos, are under way.74.Orangutans from two islands, Sumatran and Bornean, became different species since ______.A. at least 21,000 years agoB. over 1 million years agoC. some 12 million to 16 million years agoD. 400,000 years ago75.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?A. Compared with the DNA of orangutan, chimpanzee‟s is less changed over time.B. Only three apes‟ genomes have been sequenced up to now.C. Humans‟ ancestors stepped on their way of evolution 12 to 16 millions years ago.D. Chimpanzees gain new genes faster than orangutans do in evolution.76.The reason of orangutan‟s little change in DNA is that _____.A. this species is not as active in intelligence as humans or chimpanzees.B. the newly identified Alu elements is believed to have played a special roleC. Alu retrotranspositions in orangutan are shut off during the course of evolutionD. orangutan‟s low intelligence fails to stimulate the change of its DNA77.Some region of human genome is more similar to that of orangutan than chimp‟s because _____.A. human and orangutan share the same ancestor, but chimp doesn‟tB. humans and chimpanzees have evolved separately for millions of yearsC. chimps failed to hang on to orangutan DNA for some unknown reason, but human didn‟tD. chimps didn‟t act as actively as humans, resulting in their losing some critical orangutanDNASection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.____________________________________________Technology means different things to different people. A physician might think of technology as a way to produce a new medicine. To a space engineer, it might mean making better rocket engines. Technology is so widespread that it is part of everyone‟s life. Originally, the word technology comes from the Greek word techne, which means “art”. You might think that art means only paintings or sculpture. But the Greeks believed an artist could make useful products from natural materials such as trees, rocks, and plants.What school subjects are related to technology?Though people‟s opinions vary on what groups of technology should be broken down to, you, when in school, may have the question: Why should you study technology? That question is easy to answer. Technology is fun, rewarding, and exciting. It is fun because you get to work with your hands. It is rewarding because you get to see the results of your work. Each day it brings new ideas and new challenges, which make technology exciting. Studying technology will also help you develop your problem-solving skills. You can learn to identify a problem and come up with a solution. You will also find that technology is related to other subjects that you study in school such as:MathematicsScienceSocial studies。

上海徐汇区2016年高三英语二模试卷(word版本+答案)

徐汇区2016年高三年级第二学期学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷2016.4考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷和第II卷，全卷共11页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a restaurant. B. At the cinema.C. At the airport.D. At the laundry.2. A. Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday. D. Friday.3. A. Take a walk. B. Clean the backyard.C. Fill in some forms.D. Enjoy the beautiful day.4. A. She has every confidence in Susan. B. She is a little bit surprised at the news.C. She has not read the news on the Net.D. She is not as bright and diligent as Susan.5. A. He is a very successful businessman. B. He has changed his business strategy.C. He is making plans to expand his operation.D. He was twenty when he left the company.6. A. To prevent the woman from going there. B. To make the man‘s mother happy.C. To make the woman feel sorry.D. To help control the conversation.7. A. He did not attend today‘s class either. B. His notes are not easy to read.C. Nobody has seen his handwriting before.D. He is very pleased to be able to help.8. A. Mike is a person difficult to deal with. B. Mike dislikes any formal gathering.C. Mike is unwilling to speak in public.D. Mike often keeps his distance from others.9. A. It is the first time they have been on a trip. B. They feel tired about travelling everywhere.C. They don‘t have to worry about the time.D. They have to travel by schedules now.10. A. He is anxious to find a cure for his high blood pressure.B. He doesn‘t think high blood pressure is a problem for him.C. He did not take the symptoms of his illness seriously.D. He was not aware of his illness until diagnosed with it.徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第 1 页Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Two years ago. B. When he was 14.C. At the age of 18.D. When he was 21.12. A. Because his friends persuaded him to give it up.B. Because his teeth were getting really yellow.C. Because he could not afford to buy cigarettes any more.D. Because he was troubled with some health problems.13. A. Hanging out with people who don‘t smoke.B. Going out for a cigarette after working hard.C. Riding his bicycle and enjoy the fresh air.D. Saving money each week for future use.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.14. A. The broken alarm system in the brain.B. The increasing demands of modern life.C. The signals the brain sends to the body.D. The suffering from serious health problems.15. A. Doing sports. B. Playing tai chi.C. Having yoghurt.D. Walking outdoors.16. A. Stress is a normal psychological and physical reaction to life.B. Relaxation techniques help maintaining health and well-being.C. High levels of stress may lead to serious health problems.D. Relaxation should be the first priority for all people.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第 2 页Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Dr. Green’s AppointmentCaller: Ronald MorganPhone No: 17Appointed Time: 8:00 o‘clock, 18 morningMedical concern: He fell from the 19 and broke his 20 . Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What does an advertising agency do for thecompany right now?The advertising agency 21 .What would the woman be responsible for if she took the job? Advertising, 22 and the design of leaflets and catalogs.What is the woman‘s suggestion? Advertising 23 .What is the man‘s comment on the woman‘ssuggestion?It‘s not 24 .II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Customer ServicePeople going shopping in America can expect to be treated with respect from the very beginning. When customers get to the store, they are treated as honored guests. Customers don‘t usually find store clerks (25) ________ (sit) around watching TV or playing cards. Instead, the clerks greet them warmly and offer to help them find what they want. Customers usually don‘t have to ask (26) ________ ________ items cost, since prices are clearly marked. And (27) ________ they are at a yard sale or flea market (跳蚤市场), they don‘t bother trying to bargain.When customers are ready to check out, they find the nearest and shortest checkout lane. But as Murphy‘s Law would have it, whichever lane they get in, all the other lanes will move (28) ________ (fast). Good stores open new checkout lanes when the lanes get too long. Some even offer express lanes for customers with 10 items or less. (29) ________ they pay for their purchases, customers receive a smile and a warm ―thank you‖ from the c lerk.徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第 3 页In America, customer service continues long after the sale. Many products come with a money-back guarantee. So if there is a problem with the product, customers can take it back. The customer service representative will often allow them to exchange the item or return it (30) ________ a full refund.For many American customers, service is everything. If a person receives poor service from a store, he probably (31) ________ (avoid) shopping there in the future. On the other hand, customers often remain loyal to a business that has excellent service even if their prices are high. Customer service in America grows out of the belief that ―the customer is always right.‖ That (32) ________ not always be true. But, as someone has said, the customer is always the customer.(B)Is A Game Just A Game?Are you addicted to computer games? Do you stay up all night playing them? There‘s no doubt that the excitement of games these days makes them hard to put down.We are spoilt for choice when it comes to gaming: You can role play －creating your own characters and stories, giving you a chance to step out of everyday life into (33) ________ imaginary world. And there are shooting games (34) ________ you can let out your anger and frustration in violent situations where you kill people with guns.Some people think that (35) ________ (absorb) in virtual reality does great harm to us. So far, popular games like Grand Theft Auto(36) ________ (blame)for everything from falling results at school to causing acts of extreme violence. Others argue that gaming is a harmless form of entertainment. There is evidence (37) ________playing video games could actually be good for us. Some games are educational. Studies have also shown that the skills(38) ________ (use) in playing games can cause growth in certain areas of the brain, the ability (39) ________ (think)in 3D and even improve our eyesight. And for some, gaming is having a positive effect on their social lives with games like Halo and World of Warcraft often being played in groups. When you work as a group to win the game, your sense of achievement is higher than when winning by (40) ________.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. academicB. accompaniedC. conductD. contributedE. diagnosisF. dominanceG. emergence H. evolved I. focused J. impact K. relevantPsychology is both an applied and academic field that studies the human mind and behavior. Research in psychology seeks to understand and explain how we think, act and feel. As most people already realize, a large part of psychology is devoted to the 41 and treatment of mental health issues, but that‘s just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to applications for psychology. In addition to mental health, psychology can be applied to a variety of issues that 42 health and daily life including performance徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第 4 页enhancement, self-help, motivation, productivity, and much more.Psychology 43 out of both philosophy and biology. Discussions of these two subjects date as far back as the early Greek thinkers including Aristotle and Socrates. The word psychology comes from the Greek word psyche, literally meaning ―life‖ or ―breath.‖ The 44 of psychology as a separate and independent field of study truly came about when Wilhelm Wundt established the first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany in 1879. Wundt‘s work was 45 on describing the structures that compose the mind. Wundt believed that properly trained individuals would be able to identify accurately the mental processes that 46 feelings, sensations and thoughts.Throughout psychology‘s history, some different schools of thought have formed to explain human thought and behavior. These schools of thought often rise to 47 for a period. While these schools of thought are sometimes considered as competing forces, each viewpoint has 48 to our understanding of psychology.Today, psychologists prefer to use more objective scientific methods to understand, explain, and predict human behavior. The discipline has two major areas of focus: 49 psychology and applied psychology. Educational psychology focuses on the study of different sub-topics within psychology including personality, social behavior, and human development. These psychologists 50 basic research that seeks to expand our theoretical knowledge while other researchers do applied research that attempts to solve everyday problems.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Feeling good about our actions —not guilt or pity—motivates giving, according to the latest research.51 seeing or hearing about suffering children makes most people uncomfortable, that grief is not what drives them to dig into their pockets and donate. The reasons people decide to be selfless, it turns out, may be slightly more 52 .In the study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers found that people are more likely to give when they think it will make them feel better. They donate, 53 , when they feel hope about putting smiles on those expectant and suffering faces. And that hope, or similar feel-good sensations, are driven by the brain‘s reward systems.Researchers —and charities —have long known that putting a(n) 54 face on an abstract problem opens hearts and wallets. Josef Stalin once said that while one death is a(n) 55 , a million is merely a number. Studies have since found that quantifying the size of a disaster or particular need actually 56 giving, while presenting a single story is more likely to cause a desire to help.But it wasn‘t clear whether this ―identifiable victim‖ effect resulted from people‘s 57 over their own privilege and resources — or from a sense of connection with the 58 and an urge to feel good about making a difference.徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第 5 页To find out, researchers led by Alexander Genevsky, a graduate student in psychology at Stanford, imaged the brains of 22 young adults. In the scanner, they saw either a silhouette (剪影) or a head shot of a young African child. As in previous studies, participants were far more likely to give if they saw a face than a blank silhouette—donating almost twice as much in photo trials than in the others. However, this decision was related strongly to their 59 . If they showed little activity in their nucleus accumbens— a brain region linked to every type of pleasurable experience— they were actually less likely to give. But if there is a sharp 60 of activity in this reward area, they felt good and gave more. And the photos of the children were more likely to 61 this reward center. Activity in the accumbens, in fact, completely 62 the difference in giving seen between the silhouette-based requests and the photo-based ones.While the findings point to the feel-good 63 behind giving, other research will have to address the question of why givers get that positive emotional boost. Do people feel rewarded when they give because they think about the happiness of the recipient — or do they feel good because they see themselves as 64 and that self-esteem boost (自信心增强) is mood-enhancing? Such information could help charities 65 their messages to maximize their effectiveness.51. A. Since B. Although C. If D. As52. A. passive B. earnest C. impersonal D. selfish53. A. for example B. on the contrary C. as a result D. on the other hand54. A. plain B. ugly C. specific D. frightened55. A. accident B. threat C. solution D. tragedy56. A. ruins B. stimulates C. lowers D. skips57. A. anger B. guilt C. regret D. joy58. A. desire B. mind C. victim D. stuff59. A. actions B. beliefs C. images D. emotions60. A. edge B. rise C. turn D. division61. A. monitor B. target C. activate D. interrupt62. A. resulted from B. counted on C. accounted for D. subjected to63. A. motivations B. compliment s C. ambitions D. requests64. A. executive B. justified C. innocent D. generous65. A. conceal B. tailor C. obtain D. deleteSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Handwriting has existed for about 6,000 years. It‘s one of our most important inventions. Without it, we wouldn‘t be able to record knowledge or pass ideas from one generation to the next.Most of us know, but often forget, that handwrit ing is not natural. It‘s not like seeing or talking, which are what we are born with. In early America, only wealthy men and businessmen learned to write. A ―good hand‖ became a sign of class and intelligence as well as morality. Most, meanwhile, signed le gal documents with a mere ‗X‘ and the presence of a witness. Writing only spread to the masses in the 19th徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第 6 页century, after schools began teaching handwriting.67 — left-handed students often had their arm tied tightly to their bodies, so they‘d learn to write with the ―correct‖ hand. In more modern times, you may remember spending hours learning the correct stroke(笔画), formation and spacing of upper- and lower-case letters.But today, schools are shifting the focus to coursework in STEM –short for science, technology, engineering and mathematics. With limited hours and an increased pressure to meet higher standards, teachers are emphasizing technology and tablets and less of the written word.Technology has threatened writing long before every man, woman and child carried a phone. It came with the invention of the typewriter, which standardized written communication, and that same argument will reappear as technology advances.I don‘t know if handwriting will ever die. But today, the growing emphasis on typing is having far-reaching effects. To get a glimpse of the future, just look at the youth. Instead of curly Qs or crazy Ls, kids are using emoticons such as ☺ or ☹ to give a personal touch.Typing is more democratic, too —it isn‘t a complicated skil l to master. Keyboards are changing the physical connection between writers and text, and people who can‘t write by hand, like the blind, can now use tools to communicate only by touch.I suppose it‘s easy to grieve over the passing of one era (年代) into an other. Sure, I‘ll miss the writing of letters, and the beautiful and well-practiced signature written with a pen. And while some pathways in our brains will weaken with the decline of handwriting, we‘ll develop new ones as we swipe (滑动) and double-click our way into the future.66. Before the 19th century in America, _____________.A. only intelligent people could learn handwriting in schoolsB. legal documents were signed with the presence of a witnessC. most of the people didn‘t even know how to write their namesD. people would spend hours learning how to write every day67. Which of the following sentences can best fit in the blank in the third paragraph?A. Writing was a means of human communicationB. Writing has always been serious businessC. Schools tried different ways to force students to writeD. Young people worked hard to improve handwriting68. We can learn from the passage that ______________.A. the invention of cellphones started the decline of handwritingB. handwriting will disappear because young people write poorlyC. typing makes it possible for blind people to communicateD. typing is comparatively easy to learn, even for the disabled69. What does the writer imply in the last paragraph?A. The era of handwriting is leaving and that of typing is coming.B. Letters and signatures are gradually disappearing for sure.C. The decline of writing has drawn much attention from the public.D. Our brains will weaken with the decline of handwriting.徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第7 页(B)Edinburgh– the fourth most beautiful city in the worldHere are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping.Need inspiration?Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you‘ll be rewardedwith some pretty special views.History lovers?Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listenout for the One o‘clock Gun –it fires every day except Sunday. At oneo'clock. Obviously.Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincideFeeling hungry?A satisfying dinner:With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grownfresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews.A light lunch:Thomson‘s Bar claims to serve ―the best steak pie in Edinburgh‖, to matchwith real beer (it‘s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies (威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu.Shopping centrePrinces Street:You‘ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh‘s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There‘s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retaillandmark in the shape of Jenners department store.Harvey Nichols: A byword (代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack.Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you fromyour cash.Hidden EdinburghEdinburgh‘s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try ―The Real Mary King‘s Close‖ to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground.Need trains to Edinburgh? We’ll get you sorted…70. Where can visitors enjoy a full view of the city in Edinburgh?A. Scott Monument.B. Edinburgh Castle.C. Timberyard.D. The Real Mary King‘s Close.徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第8 页71. While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ___________.A. Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shoppingB. Edinburgh‘s main shopping drag is extremely expensiveC. many high-end brands can be found in Harvey NicholsD. one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols72. The underlined word“edible” is closest in meaning to _____________.A. beautifulB. eatableC. visibleD. delicate73. This page is most likely to be found at ___________.A. /en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburghB. https:///en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburghC. https:///our-destinations/edinburgh-overviewD. /discover/about-the-castle(C)Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romy van der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations.The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important ―talent programme‖ of NWO, the Veni grant. ―Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,‖ says Naomi Ellemers.Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). ―If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,‖ said Ellemers.The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. ―Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality o f the proposals that men and women submit,‖ says Romy van der Lee.In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challeng ing and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: ―As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.‖徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第9 页In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, ―The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.‖74. Van der Lee and Ellemers carried out the research to find out whether ____________.A. women are less successful than men in top academic positionsB. female applicants are at a disadvantage in getting research fundingC. NOW‘s procedures and gender diversity policy enhance fair playD. there are equal chances for men and women to be admitted to a university75. Van der Lee and Ellemers‘ study shows that _____________.A. grant receivers were more likely to get appointments at universitiesB. men applicants for research funding outnumbered women applicantsC. the research proposals of women are equally treated with those of menD. the reviewers have narrow, prejudiced conceptions of women candidates76. What might be the main cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations?A. The words used in the instructions and forms.B. T he reviewers‘ preference to applications.C. The methods and procedures for evaluation.D. The vague and unclear assessment criteria.77. What will NWO probably do next in response to the results of this research?A. Eliminate possibilities for difference in awarding rates.B. Design a language examination for all the reviewers.C. Emphasize the importance of gender awareness.D. Improve the assessment procedures and criteria.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Being a small business brings advantages the big ones can only dream of. Michael Heppell, author of the latest edition of ―5 Star Service‖, a book on customer service, has interesting take on this development. ―I‘m often amazed that smaller businesses think that t he secret of success is to be more like the big ones, when in fact the opposite is true,‖ he said.He pointed to the very different stories of two fishmongers (鱼贩) in his home town. Having served customers －including Heppell －for many years, the two were joined by a Tesco Extra, Waitrose and Marks & Spencer.The first fishmonger began to complain about these newly-arrived chains to the local press, and even his customers. He pointed out that he couldn‘t compete with them on price and finally closed down.徐汇高三英语本卷共14 页第10 页―Fishmonger two was different,‖ explained Heppell. ―She worked hard to create a local brand and local loyalty. She would love to tell you about the fish, when and where it was caught and offer some little extras if you spent a few pounds more. She must have felt the effects of the three new arrivals in town but she didn‘t complain once. She survived, and of course, since her competitor closed she‘s never been busier.‖Small businesses that want to grow should stop trying to imitate the big names, advised He ppell. ―Find out what they don‘t do that you can, and what you do that they can‘t. The secret is by providing brilliant levels of service,‖ he went on to say.They should also start thinking about speed, believes Heppell, and realize that this can differentiate them from larger competitors. ―Smaller businesses can often change faster, adapt more easily and manage trends more quickly than the big boys. However, looking at many smaller businesses the opposite appears to be true. What can you do to get a first mover advantage?‖Too often smaller business leaders feel that they have to offer whatever the larger players are offering. They believe that having a narrower range is a disadvantage, but they need to realize that it actually offers them a competitive edge. The mindset of many smaller business owners must change. They need to focus on how to improve their own businesses and what their customers really want. ―Because we‘re small we can offer x, y and z. It‘s because we‘re local that we excel at a, b and c,‖ should be the message, said Heppell.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. The first fishmonger complained about the newly-arrived chains because he thought __________.79. The second fishmonger survived because she managed to _____________.80. What are the two advantages that smaller businesses can have according to Heppell?81. According to the passage, instead of trying to imitate the big names, smaller business owners should __________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.这首脍炙人口的歌曲改编自一首古老的民歌。

2016-年上海高考英语二模完形填空汇编+各区二模答案汇总

2016 年上海高考英语二模完形填空汇编Researchers recently find w omen likely face work environments that push against the “having it all” mentality, leading to feelings of guilt and depression.Trying to have it all could be bad for your mental health, according to a new study that finds that “supermoms” have higher rates of depression compared with working moms who let things 51 .The research, presented Aug. 20 at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association in Las Vegas, finds that working is 52 for mothers’ mental health. But among working mothers, the least depressed are those who don’t expect to 53 work and family life perfectly, said study researcher Katrina Leupp, a graduate student at the University of Washington in Seattle. “The ideal that women can do it all actually 54 the level of depressive symptoms compared to women who were more doubtful about whether or not work and family can be balanced,” Leupp told LiveScience.Leupp analyzed survey 55 from 1,600 married women who participated in a large survey called the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. In 1987, the women answered questions to judge their support of women’s 56 , including whether they agreed with statements such as “Women are much happier if they stay at home and take care of their children.” In 1992 and 1994, the now 40-year-old women answered questions about their symptoms of depression. Like earlier studies, the survey data indicated that women who worked outside the home had fewer symptoms of depression, perhaps because outside work gives women more 57 interaction, more varied activities and a larger income, Leupp said. Among the employed women, though, the cheeriest were those who had indicated in their younger years the least 58 for women balancing career and family. The results held even after controlling for earlier levels of depression. “Somewhat 59 , women who don’t expect to be able to balance work and family have better mental health than those who do,” Leupp said.The study didn’t explain why optimistic (乐观的) views of balancing work and motherhood would60 later depression. “The reason may come down to 61 and real-world work environments,” Leupp said. “Women who expect to have it all probably come up against 62 that aren’t designed with work-life balance in mind. When they can’t balance everything perfectly, these supermoms are more likely to feel 63 .”“I think this research really speaks to a 64 between women’s expectations and the actual structure of the workplace,” Leupp said.“The takeaway for working moms is to temper their optimism about balancing 65 and employment and not to blame themselves if they struggle. Recognize that if it feels difficult, it’s because it is difficult.”51. A. happen B. continue C. slide D. end52. A. good B. ready C. hard D. possible53. A. protect B. share C. illustrate D. combine54. A. increased B. assessed C. reached D. influenced55. A. questions B. responses C. solutions D. instruments56. A. pregnancy B. marriage C. employment D. education57. A. cultural B. social C. positive D. verbal58. A. support B. tolerance C. concern D. respect59. A. deliberately B. aggressively C. ironically D. similarly60. A. result from B. relate to C. hold back D. call for61. A. families B. expectations C. surroundings D. requirements62. A. clubs B. hospitals C. governments D. workplaces63. A. excited B. embarrassed C. thrilled D. frustrated64. A. mismatch B. mistreat C. misunderstanding D. misinterpretation65. A. aging B. training C. schooling D. parentingTwo Newcastle scientists are setting themselves to open our eyes to the medical truth by claiming that natural sunlight may help prevent skin cancer.Dr. Ron Laura, professor of health education at Newcastle University, and senior chemist Mr. John Ashton said their research points to a complete __51______ of the accepted scientific theory. They said that sunscreen creams may help cause skin cancer, the artificial indoor light could be __52_____ and that a range of drugs in common use could also ___53____ melanoma--a type of cancer that appears as a dark spot on the skin.The research is likely to be unwelcome in some traditional medical research circles. It is based on a new __54_____ that our bodies are protected from skin cancer by the regulation of a group of complex vitamins (Vitamin D) and immune process.The sunscreens, artificial light and drugs could all unfavorably affect the production of these vitamins and increase the skin’s __55_____ to the sun. But Dr. Laura said natural sunlight passing through the eyes helped __56_____ the production of cancer protection Vitamin D.He said recent statistics from the United States indicated that people who worked indoors all day in artificial light were more __57_____ melanomas than those who worked outdoors. Indoor workers should try to have at least one hour of __58_____ to direct sunlight every day, ___59_____ in the early morning and late afternoon when ultraviolet intensively was lower, Dr. Laura said.Sunscreens, long __60_____ as essential for beach lovers, could also __61______ the production of Vitamin D. Laura and Ashton said sunscreens give people a __62_____ sense of security in thinking they are __63______ from the sun’s rays.Dr. Laura said more statistics ___64_____ their claim had come to light since the first article was published. He believes his research findings are too important to be __65______ to the scientific world.51. A. contribution B. reversal C. combination D. recognition52. A. beneficial B. comfortable C. harmful D. favorable53. A. promote B. reduce C. remove D. eliminate54. A. assumption B. law C. concept D. theory55. A. sensitivity B. resistance C. adaptation D. response56. A. monitor B. measure C. slow D. stimulate57. A. subject to B. unrelated to C. free of D. dependent on58. A. exercise B. reveal C. exposure D. experience59. A. occasionally B. preferably C. enjoyably D. extremely60. A. received B. popular C. accepted D. identified61. A .balance B. adjust C. prevent D. enhance62. A. false B. strong C. true D. sharp63. A. separated B. protected C. guarded D. prohibited64. A. presenting B. doubting C. backing D. providing65. A. limited B. emphasized C. acknowledged D. explainedHarvard LibraryIf we compare professors and students to the host of a university, then the library of a university can be compared to the hallway. The quality of a university, __51__, is in direct proportion to that of its library. At Harvard, the library is an essential part of everybody’s life. Both the quantity and the __52__ of the library make study a pleasant process.Harvard Library is not only the most ancient library in the United States, but the largest university library with the largest scale. In 1638 John Harvard __53__ his whole library to the then Harvard College. After 300 years of development, the library now holds 10 million books and __54__ more than 100 branch libraries. In addition to the libraries owned by each school, there are some branch libraries that are __55__ in some aspects. While most of the branch libraries are on Harvard campus, some are as far as in Washington, D.C., or even in Florence of Italy. Yenching Library is famous for its __56__ of East Asian literature. Lamont Library is thefirst library in the world that is __57__ for undergraduates. Widener Library is the largest library in Harvard, only second to Library of Congress.What __58__ to be mentioned is the system or rather the service of the libraries. Usually the libraries are open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.. The main libraries are open until 10 p.m.. The libraries for undergraduates will even be open all night during the __59__ period. The libraries also provide with students the service of __60__ reading materials for all courses. At the beginning of a semester, each teacher will give a list of books to the librarians. The librarians are __61__ to find out these books and put them at the places where students can easily find them.There is no limitation for the number of books that students can borrow. As the space for the library is limited, many books are __62__ in suburban library. Despite this, students can go to fetch the book at the __63__ library within 24 hours after they submit request for that book. Even if there is only one book to be fetched from the suburban library, the libraries on campus will send someone to do the job. This kind of __64__ which put readers in the first place is rare even in Ivy League. Therefore, study at Harvard will be a(n) __65__ experience.51.A.as a result B. to some extent C. on the contrary D. at all timesB. disciplineC. qualityD. prospect53.A. donated B. assigned C. adapted D. distributedB. composesC. involvesD. includesB. differentC. secureD. peculiar56.A.collections B. documents C. phenomena D. exhibitionsB. formallyC. speciallyD. especiallyB. happensC. appearsD. deserves59.A.examination B. experiment C. vacation D. graduation60.A.confirming B. preparing C. selecting D. designingB. willingC. reluctantD. responsibleB. reservedC. storedD. classified63.A.appointed B. accepted C. expected D. restrictedB. serviceC. activityD. responseB. creativeC. positiveD. enjoyableEducation plays an extremely important role in our life and deeply impacts the society. However, how does society influence education?Before understanding the influence of society on education, we must __51__ society. Society is an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization. It is characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals. It is a group of individuals who __52__ a common system of customs, values and laws. From the definition of society, it is clear that we human beings are its building __53__. As we interact with people, try to understand their thinking styles and __54__ patterns, we soon realize that there is so much to learn from them. Society is the greatest __55__ of education. Don’t you think so?We cannot __56__ the impact of society on the education system alone. We need to understand the role of society in the __57__ development of an individual. Even before we become a part of the education system, we start learning from our surroundings. And during the process of formal education, we __58__ take ‘non-formal education’ from society. Yes, our interactions with our fellow-beings, our observations about their social behavior and our understanding of social norms __59__ us to face life. True, educational __60__, like schools, colleges and universities play a very important role in our education. But, we cannot ignore the fact that we learn some of the important lessons of life from society. It would not be an exaggeration to say that the __61__process of learning begins at a point, which marks the end of institutional education. Learning, as an individual, from your interaction with society, is a vital part of education.Society plays an important role in education and influences it, both positively and negatively. Social inequalities and unhealthy educational practices are some of the __62__ influences of society on our lives. Customs and traditions __63__ certain sections of society from exercising their fundamental rights and block the well-being of society, shatter the basic ideas of education and social awareness. Some social groups deny women’s right to education, while others force children to work, depriving(剥夺) them from a healthy environment, conducive to their growth and development. Education is one of the basic human rights. If social norms deprive certain strata(阶层) of society from progressing in life and come in the way of social welfare, it __64__ the purpose of education.Society is an entity that cannot be separated from us. It is we who __65__ the society. It is entirely in our hands whether to add value to our education or devalue it.51. A. know B. define C. recognize D. analyze52. A. share B. invent C. operate D. practice53. A. extents B. blocks C. designs D. expenses54. A. cultural B. traditional C. educational D. behavioral55. A. performer B. supervisor C. facilitator D. opponent56. A. resist B. resolve C. reserve D. restrict57. A. steady B. future C. lasting D. overall58. A. successfully B. desperately C. constantly D. surprisingly59. A. encourage B. impact C. prepare D. impose60. A. circumstances B. contributions C. environments D. organizations61. A. actual B. external C. universal D. available62. A. realistic B. opposing C. practical D. invisible63. A. confirm B. cultivate C. maintain D. prevent64. A. fulfills B. highlights C. defeats D. describes65. A. depend on B. make up C. strive for D. deal withSince Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默病)and Parkinson’s disease(帕金森病) are common and many notable people have developed them, they have received more public attention.Alzheimer’s DiseaseMany people imagine that Alzheimer’s disease, the degenerative (退化的)disorder that eventually leaves sufferers with total memory loss, is an inevitable result of aging. This is not so. While the risks of contracting the disease increase with age, there are many elderly people whose memories are perfect. Most of us are so ill-__51__ about all forms of memory loss that we label everything as “Alzheimer’s ”. Alzheimer’s disease itself can affect people as young as 30 and can progress either quickly or slowly. It can also __52__ the blame for other non-degenerative conditions such as deep depression. __53__, only an examination of the brain tissue during an autopsy (解剖) can produce an accurate __54__ of the disease.The causes of Alzheimer’s are unknown. They may be either __55__ or environmental. A study in 1996 of 13,000 people whose parents or siblings had the disease showed they had five times __56__ chance of passing away by the age of 80 than those with no family history of the problem.__57__, there are other factors. In a study of identical twins, it was found that only about half of the twin pairs developed Alzheimer’s and, when both twins __58__ it, they did so as much as 15 years apart. The possibility that environment plays a part was boosted by another 1996 study, this time of two groups of elderly Japanese men. One group lived in Hawaii, the other group in Japan. The Hawaiian group had a much higher incidence of the disease.Aluminum (铝) has been blamed for the development of Alzheimer’s. This is because a high level aluminum has been found in the brains of sufferers. The disease was first diagnosed at the beginning of the 20th century. It was at this time that aluminum was becoming widely __59__ for use in cooking pots.Memory loss, __60__ in performing familiar tasks, and problems with abstract thinking are all indicators of the beginning of the disease. One unusual feature is its impact on language. It attacks nouns first, then verbs. Grammar is one of the last things to go.Parkinson’s DiseaseParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive disorder of the central nervous system w hich __61__ more than one million Americans. Individuals with PD lack the substance dopamine (多巴胺), which is __62__ for the central nervous system’s control of muscle activity. Parkinson’s Disease is often characterized by shake, inflexibility in limbs and joints, speech disability and difficulty in __63__ physical movement. Late in the course of the disease, some patients develop dementia (痴呆症) and eventually Alzheimer’s disease. __64__, some Alzheimer patients develop symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Medi cations such as levodopa (左多巴), which changes itself into dopamine once inside the brain, which prevents degeneration of dopamine-containing neurons (神经细胞), are used to improve diminished or __65__ motor symptoms in PD patients, but do not correct the mental changes that occur.51. A. judged B. equipped C. informed D. advised52. A. take B. put C. lay D. hold53. A. On the other hand B. For example C. After all D. In the end54. A. description B. demonstration C. diagnosis D. illustration55. A. natural B. instinctual C. genetic D. internal56. A. slighter B. fainter C. less D. more57. A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Finally58. A. came up with B. did away with C. went down with D. put up with59. A. available B. valuable C. memorable D. inaccessible60. A. complaint B. difficulty C. ease D. complexity61. A. touch B. influence C. concern D. affect62. A. important B. unimportant C. priceless D. worthless63. A. stopping B. changing C. initiating D. controlling64. A. Additionally B. Contrarily C. Consequently D. Particularly65. A. treated B. showed C. released D. reducedAccording to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns award 51 on one or both of the parents. In other 52 , such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of53 . In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent 54 that the re is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have 55 ; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has 56 that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, r esearch suggests that there are typically two different leadership 57 that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the 58 of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership t hat emphasizes the 59 wellb eing of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing 60 support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may 61 group members who prevent accomplishment of the group’s goals. Express ive leaders cultivate a more 62 or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer 63 when someone experiences difficulties. And they try to 64 issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal 65 from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.51. A. burden B. leadership C. housework D. right52. A. families B. societies C. cases D. researches53. A. selection B. struggle C. recommendation D. register54. A. evidence B. support C. approach D. pattern55. A. in advance B. in brief C. in general D. in common56. A. partners B. achievements C. skills D. qualities57. A. selections B. roles C. challenges D. structures58. A. assignment B. introduction C. completion D. division59. A. joint B. financial C. social D. individual60. A. political B. administrative C. emotional D. technical61. A. discipline B. praise C. ignore D. identify62. A. casual B. temporary C. personal D. stable63. A. criticism B. sympathy C. estimate D. information64. A. omit B. confuse C. raise D. resolve65. A. imitation B. affection C. objection D. revengeThe survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can suffer from a different kind of poverty — of the spirit. 51 , one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides ( 自杀) every year by children under 15, and one child 52 five needs psychiatric (心理) advice.There are many good things about 53 in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours for example. In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between 54 and children. But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices. 55 , the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbours working 56 and often shares in that work.A child 57 in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's work : helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies --- rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets 58 playing with dolls.These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the westernchildren. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions ofthe sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world, 59 , are provided with a watch as one of the 60 signs of growing up, so that they can 61 along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows.Third World children do not usually 62 to stay indoors, still less in highrise apartments(公寓) . Instead of dangerous roads, "keep off the grass" signs and "don't speak to strangers", there is often a sense of 63 to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them 64 from ten floors up.65 , twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease. But childhood in the Third World is not all bad.51. A. As usual B. For instance C. In fact D. In other words52. A. by B. in C. to D. under53. A. childhood B. poverty C. spirit D. survival54. A. adults B. fathers C. neighbours D. relatives55. A. Anyhow B. However C. Instead D. Still56. A. away B. alone C. along D. nearby57. A. growing up B. living through C. playing D. working58. A. and B. but C. or D. so59. A. at any moment B. at the same time C. on the other hand D. on the whole60. A. easiest B. earliest C. happiest D. quickest61. A. care B. fear C. hurry D. worry62. A. dare B. expect C. have D. require63. A. control B. danger C. disappointment D. freedom64. A. anxiously B. eagerly C. impatiently D. proudly65. A. Above all B. In the end C. Of course D. What'sFeeling good about our actions — not guilt or pity— motivates giving, according to the latest research.51 seeing or hearing about suffering children makes most people uncomfortable, that grief is not what drives them to dig into their pockets and donate. The reasons people decide to be selfless, it turns out,may be slightly more 52 .In the study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers found that people are more likely to give when they think it will make them feel better. They donate, 53 , when they feel hope about putting smiles on those expectant and suffering faces. And that hope, or similar feel-good sensations, are driven by the brain’s reward systems.Researchers — and charities — have long known that putting a(n) 54 face on an abstract problem opens hearts and wallets. Josef Stalin once said that while one death is a(n) 55 , a million is merely a number. Studies have since found that quantifying the size of a disaster or particular need actually 56 giving, while presenting a single story is more likely to cause a desire to help.But it wasn’t clear whether this “identifiable victim” effect resulted from people’s 57 over their own privilege and resources — or from a sense of connection with the 58 and an urge to feel good about making a difference.To find out, researchers led by Alexander Genevsky, a graduate student in psychology at Stanford, imaged the brains of 22 young adults. In the scanner, they saw either a silhouette (剪影) or a head shot of a young African child. As in previous studies, participants were far more likely to give if they saw a face than a blank silhouette—donating almost twice as much in photo trials than in the others. However, this decision was related strongly to their 59 . If they showed little activity in their nucleus accumbens—a brain region linked to every type of pleasurable experience— they were actually less likely to give. But if there is a sharp 60 of activity in this reward area, they felt good and gave more. And the photos of the children were more likely to 61 this reward center. Activity in the accumbens, in fact, completely 62 the difference in giving seen between the silhouette-based requests and the photo-based ones.While the findings point to the feel-good 63 behind giving, other research will have to address the question of why givers get that positive emotional boost. Do people feel rewarded when they give because they think about the happiness of the recipient — or do they feel good because they see themselves as 64 and that self-esteem boost (自信心增强) is mood-enhancing? Such information could help charities 65 their messages to maximize their effectiveness.51. A. Since B. Although C. If D. As52. A. passive B. earnest C. impersonal D. selfish53. A. for example B. on the contrary C. as a result D. on the other hand54. A. plain B. ugly C. specific D. frightened55. A. accident B. threat C. solution D. tragedy56. A. ruins B. stimulates C. lowers D. skips57. A. anger B. guilt C. regret D. joy58. A. desire B. mind C. victim D. stuff59. A. actions B. beliefs C. images D. emotions60. A. edge B. rise C. turn D. division61. A. monitor B. target C. activate D. interrupt62. A. resulted from B. counted on C. accounted for D. subjected to63. A. motivations B. compliment s C. ambitions D. requests64. A. executive B. justified C. innocent D. generous65. A. conceal B. tailor C. obtain D. deleteThere are many things parents can do to help children with autism (自闭症) overcome their challenges. Learning all you can about autism and getting __51__ in treatment will go a long way toward helping your child. Additionally, the following tips will make daily home life easier for both you and your autistic child:•Be consistent（一致的）.Children with autism have a hard time __52__ what they’ve learned if there is a change of setting. For example, your child may use sign language at school to communicate, but never think to do so at home. Creating __53__ in your child’s environment is the best way to reinforce learning. Find out what your child’s therapists are doing and continue their techniques at home. Explore the __54__ of having therapy take place in morethan one place in order to encourage your child to __55__ what he or she has learned from one environment to another. It’s also important to be consistent in the way you __56__ with your child and deal with challenging behaviors.•__57__ a schedule. Children with autism tend to do best when they have a highly-structured schedule or routine. Again, this goes back to the consistency they both need and crave. Set up a schedule for your child, with __58__ times for meals, therapy, school, and bedtime. Try to keep disturbance to this routine to a __59__. If there is an unavoidable schedule change, prepare your child for it __60__.•__61__ good behavior. Positive reinforcement can go a long way with children with autism, so make an effort to “catch them doing something good.” Praise them when they act appropria tely or learn a new skill, being very __62__ about what behavior they’re being praised for.•Pay attention to your child’s sensory sensitivities. Many children with autism are hypersensitive to light, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Other children with autism are “under-sensitive” to sensory stimuli. __63__ what sights, sounds, smells and movements cause your kid’s “bad” or disruptive behaviors and what brings about a(n) __64__ response.If you understand what affects your child, you’ll be better at solving problems, preventing situations that cause difficulties, and creating __65__ experiences.51. A. encouraged B. balanced C. absorbed D. involved52. A. applying B. devoting C. communicating D. appealing53. A. attraction B. comfort C. steadiness D. attention54. A. possibility B. goal C. process D. solution55. A. transplant B. transfer C. transport D. transform56. A. meet B. interact C. negotiate D. associate57. A. Draw up B. Arrange for C. Work out D. Stick to58. A. regular B. flexible C. appropriate D. normal59. A. decrease B. mystery C. minimum D. secret60. A. without doubt B. in private C. without notice D. in advance61. A. Control B. Perform C. Reward D. Maintain62. A. curious B. specific C. particular D. anxious63. A. Figure out B. Account for C. Put up D. Take on64. A. automatic B. immediate C. positive D. quick65. A. frustrating B. successful C. professional D. unpleasantA driving goal for most websites is for that site to be easily found by people looking for the products or services. One of the ways people may find these sites is via a search engine. With this in mind, companies obviously want their websites to ___51___ search engines as well.First of all, website content should be unique and timely. Only quality content ensures that customers will ___52___ your website and also recommend it to friends via links or through social channels. This act of sharing not only gives your site more chances of public ___53___ but it also helps to push up your search engine rankings, which extends huge psychological implication to other engine users as people tend to ___54___Now famous search engines such as Google use mobile friendliness as a ranking signal in their ranking algorithm(算法). Therefore, if your site is not ___55___for mobile devices, you are offering a less than ideal experience to some users and in result search engines will take the ___56___ into account.Another key ranking signal that Google and other search engines ___57___heavily is page speed and overall site performance. If your site is loaded with too many high-resolution images and videos or other elements, muchviewing time will be caused. These will makesluggish, slow loading that frustrate and often drive away visitors. It’s time to ___58___ thepage size as all the visitors appreciatefaster download. Some are。

上海区徐汇区2016-2020年五年高考二模英语试题汇编阅读理解专题含答案

上海区徐汇区2016-2020年五年高考二模英语试题汇编-阅读理解专题2020年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Aristotle thought the face was a window onto a person’s mind. Cicero agreed. Two thousand years passed, and facial expressions are still commonly thought to be a universally valid way to judge other people’s feelings, irrespective of age, sex and culture. A raised eyebrow suggests confusion. A smile indicates happiness.Or do they? An analysis of hundreds of research papers that examined the relationship between facial expressions and underlying emotions has uncovered a surprising conclusion: there is no good scientific evidence to suggest that there are such things as recognizable facial expressions for basic emotions which are universal across cultures. Just because a person is not smiling, the researchers found, does not mean that person is unhappy.This may raise questions about the efforts of information-technology companies to developartificial-intelligence algorithms (算法) which can recognize facial expressions and work out a person’s underlying emotional state. Microsoft, for example, claims its “Emotion API” is able to detect what people are feeling by examining video footage of them. Another of the study’s authors, however, expressed scepticism. Aleix Martinez, a computer engineer at Ohio State University, said that companies attempting to obtain emotions from images of faces have failed to understand the importance of context.For a start, facial expression is but one of a number of non-verbal ways，such as body posture, that people use to communicate with each other. Machine recognition of emotion needs to take account of these as well. But context can reach further than that. Dr Martinez mentioned an experiment in which participants were shown a close-up picture of a man’s face, which was bright red with his mouth open in a scream. Based on this alone, most participantssaid the man was extremely angry. Then the whole picture was shown. It was a football player with his arms outstretched, celebrating a goal. His angry-looking face was, in fact, a show of pure joy.Given that people cannot guess each other’s emotional states most of the time, Dr Martinez sees no reason computers would be able to. “There are companies right now claiming to be able to do that and apply this to places I find really scary and dangerous, for example, in hiring people,” he says. “Some companies require you to present a video resume, which is analyzed by a machine-learning system. And depending on your facial expressions, they hire you or not, which I find really shocking.”56. We can learn from the second paragraph that __________.A. facial expressions are universal across culturesB. it is hard to recognize some facial expressionsC. emotions and facial expressions may not be relatedD. common facial expressions convey similar meanings57. In the passage, the word “scepticism” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “__________”.A. similar interestB. fierce angerC. strong supportD. great doubt58. The experiment mentioned by Dr Martinez may prove that ___________.A. facial expression is an important way to communicateB. machine recognition of emotion is not reliable at allC. facial expression is not the only way to detect feelingsD. people may misread facial expressions for lack of context59. What does this passage mainly tell us?A. Facial expressions are among the most universal forms of body language.B. Computers can detect people’s mind by analyzing their facial expressions.C. Facial expressions may not be the reliable reflection of a person’s emotions.D. Companies can depend on machine recognition of emotion to hire people.【答案】56. C 57. D 58. D 59. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

2016年上海市徐汇区中考二模英语试卷

2016年上海市徐汇区中考⼆模英语试卷2016年徐汇区学习能⼒诊断卷初三英语试卷2016.4（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）I.Listening Comprehension(听⼒理解)（共30分）A.Listen and choose the right picture.(根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图⽚)（6分）B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.(根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)（8分）7.A)Two.B)Three.C)Five.D)Seven.8.A)In Hong Kong.B)In Tokyo.C)In Beijing.D)In London.9.A)At8:30.B)At9:00.C)At9:30.D)At10:00.10.A)Wife and husband.B)Teacher and student.C)Boss and secretary.D)Air hostess(空姐）and passenger.11．A)In the kitchen.B)In the bedroom．C)In the living room.D)In the garden.12.A)Look for dinosaurs.B)Go to the library.C)Search for information online.D)Borrow some books from the lady.13．A)Happy.B)Tired.C)Bored.D)Excited.14．A)The woman used to travel a lot.B)The woman's sister likes to collect postcards.C)Their suitcases may be full of gifts.D)The man wants a bigger suitcase.C.Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false(判断下列句⼦是否符合你听到的短⽂内容，符合的⽤T表⽰，不符合的⽤F表⽰)15．The mother took her son to a concert to praise him for his progress.16．Their seats were close to the entrance of the concert hall.17．The boy secretly went up onto the stage and started to play.18．The pianist was surprised to find how wonderfully the boy pl ayed the piano.19.The pianist and the boy played together and their music attracted the crowd.20.It tells us a helping hand makes a difference and people are supposed to help each other.D.Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短⽂，完成下列内容。

上海区徐汇区2016-2020年五年高考二模英语试题汇编-翻译句子专题含答案

上海区徐汇区2016-2020年五年高考二模英语试题汇编-翻译句子专题2020年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 开车时遮挡车牌号是违法的。

(It)________________73. 在做出抉择之前，务必充分权衡这一决定将产生的后果。

(weigh)________________74. 参加艺术活动不仅可以缓解压力、培养创造力，还能延年益寿。

(not only)________________75. 在信息泛滥的互联网时代，我们要学会独立思考和自主判断, 而不是盲目从众。

(rather than)________________【答案】72. It is illegal to cover your license plate (number) when (you are) driving.73. Be sure to weigh the consequences of your decision before you make it.74. Engaging in art activities not only helps relieve stress and cultivate creativity, but also extends our life spans / enables us to live longer.75. In the Internet age/era of unlimited information/ flooded with information, we should learn to think independently and make our own judgments rather than blindly follow the crowd.【解析】【72题详解】考查形式主语及时间状语从句。

2020-2021学年上海市16区高三英语二模汇编--阅读理解C (按题型)

2020-2021学年高三英语二模阅读理解C汇编【细节理解】（虹口区）(C)The primary intention of his writing, from first to last, was to seize and project for the reader what he often called"the way it was".This is a characteristically simple phrase for a concept of extraordinary complexity, and Hemingway’s concept of its meaning subtly(微妙地)changed several times in the course of his career----always in the direction of greater complexity. At the core of the concept, however, one can invariably recognize the operation of three instruments of beauty appreciation: the sense of place, the sense of fact, and the sense of scene.65. The author calls "the way it was,"a"characteristically simple phrase for a concept of extraordinary complexity"because______.A. it shows how Hemingway understated complex issues in his booksB. it reflects Hemingway’s talent for making ordinary events difficult to understandC. Hemingway's obsession for geographic details overshadowed the dramatic element of his storiesD. the relationship between simplicity and complexity reflected the relationship between the style and content of Hemingway’s writing【试题解析】根据第二段第三行“Hemingway’s concept of its meaning subtly(微妙地)changed several times in the course of his career----always in the direction of greater complexity. At the core of the concept, however, one can invariably recognize the operation of three instruments of beauty appreciation: the sense of place, the sense of fact, and the sense of scene.”故选D。

2016高三英语二模-部分区作文范文整理

2015-16 学年英语高三二模卷部分区作文范文整理1.徐汇区假设你是李华，学校有四个社团正招募新人（如下图所示），你希望加入其中一个.请你写一篇日记，谈谈你的想法。

内容必须包括:你希望加入的社团选择该社团的原因你可以为该社团做些什么I am Li Hua .As a senior high school student，joining a community that l am keen on afterclass has played a big role in my three—year study career。

Recently，four communities including Science club,English theatre club，Eco club and sports club in my school are recruiting new members ,which has attached many students ’ attentions.As far as l am concerned,l am eager to join Sports club because of the following reasons.First and foremost,not only should we go to all lengths to study hard in order to acquire more and more knowledge, but we also should do exercises to strengthen physical fitness。

In the second place，the reason why l prefer Sports club is that doing sports is one of the most useful ways to have a relaxation after studying for a long st but not least，doing sports that are in need of cooperation among students such as football,basketball and volleyball can cultivate our team spirit so that we are aware that union is strength and know the importance of cooperation。

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