2021年06月英语六级听力真题 第2套(+试题+答案+原文+解析)
2021年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第2套 段落匹配_2
2021年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第2套段落匹配Grow Plants Without Water[A]Ever since humanity began to farm our own food, we've faced the unpredictable rain that is both friend and enemy. It comes and goes without much warning, and a field of lush （茂盛的） leafy greens one year can dry up and blow away the next. Food security and fortunes depend on sufficient rain, and nowhere more so than in Africa, where 96% of farmland depends on rain instead of the irrigation common in more developed places. It has consequences: South Africa's ongoing drought-the worst in three decades-will cost at least a quarter of its corn crop this year.[B]Biologist Jill Farrant of the University of Cape Town in South Africa says that nature has plenty of answers for people who want to grow crops in places with unpredictable rainfall. She is hard at work finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to extreme dry weather and use them in food crops. As the earth's climate changes and rainfallbecomes even less predictable in some places, those answers will grow even more valuable. "The type of farming I'm aiming for is literally so that people can survive as it's going to get more and more dry," Farrant says.[C]Extreme conditions produce extremely tough plants. In the rusty red deserts of South Africa, steep-sided rocky hills called inselbergs rear up from the plains like the bones of the earth. The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements. Yet on these and similar formations in deserts around the world, a few fierce plants have adapted to endure under ever-changing conditions.[D]Farrant calls them resurrection plants （复苏植物）. During months without water under a harsh sun, they wither, shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead gray leaves. But rainfall can revive them in a matter of hours. Her time-lapse （间歇性拍摄的） videos of the revivals look like someone playing a tape of the plant's death in reverse.[E]The big difference between "drought-tolerant" plants and these tough plants: metabolism. Many different kinds of plants have developed tactics to weather dry spells. Some plants store reserves of water to see them through a drought;others send roots deep down to subsurface water supplies. But once these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply, they cease growing and start to die. They may be able to handle a drought of some length, and many people use the term "drought tolerant" to describe such plants, but they never actually stop needing to consume water, so Farrant prefers to call them drought resistant.[F]Resurrection plants, defined as those capable of recovering from holding less than 0.1 grams of water per gram of dry mass, are different. They lack water-storing structures, and their existence on rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism. When they detect an extended dry period, they divert their metabolisms, producing sugars and certain stress-associated proteins and other materials in their tissues. As the plant dries, these resources take on first the properties of honey, then rubber, and finally enter a glass-like state that is "the most stable state that the plant can maintain," Farrant says. That slows the plant's metabolism and protects its dried-out tissues. The plants also change shape, shrinking to minimize the surface area through which their remaining water might evaporate. They can recover frommonths and years without water, depending on the species.[G]What else can do this dry-out-and-revive trick? Seeds-almost all of them. At the start of her career, Farrant studied "recalcitrant seeds （顽拗性种子）," such as avocados, coffee and lychee. While tasty, such seeds are delicate-they cannot bud and grow if they dry out (as you may know if you've ever tried to grow a tree from an avocado pit). In the seed world, that makes them rare, because most seeds from flowering plants are quite robust. Most seeds can wait out the dry, unwelcoming seasons until conditions are right and they sprout （发芽）. Yet once they start growing, such plants seem not to retain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems or leaves.[H]After completing her Ph. D. on seeds, Farrant began investigating whether it might be possible to isolate the properties that make most seeds so resilient （迅速恢复活力的） and transfer them to other plant tissues. What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are many genes involved in resurrection plants' response to dryness. Many of them are .the same that regulate how seeds become dryness-tolerant while still attached to their parent plants. Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signalingprocesses activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants-and how to reproduce them in crops. "Most genes are regulated by a master set of genes," Farrant says, "We're looking at gene promoters and what would be their master switch."[I]Once Farrant and her colleagues feel they have a better sense of which switches to throw, they will have to find the best-way to do so in useful crops. "I'm trying three methods of breeding," Farrant says: conventional, genetic modification and gene editing. She says she is aware that plenty of people do not want to eat genetically modified crops, but she is pushing ahead with every available tool until one works. Farmers and consumers alike can choose whether or not to use whichever version prevails: "I'm giving people an option."[J]Farrant and others in the resurrection business got together last year to discuss the best species of resurrection plant to use as a lab model. Just like medical researchers use rats to test ideas for human medical treatments, botanists use plants that are relatively easy to grow in a lab or greenhouse setting to test their ideas for related species. The Queensland rock violet is one of the best studied resurrection plants so far, with a draft genome （基因图谱） published last year bya Chinese team. Also last year, Farrant and colleagues published a detailed molecular study of another candidate, Xerophyta viscosa, a tough-as-nail South African plant with lily-like flowers, and she says that a genome is on the way. One or both of these models will help researchers test their ideas-so far mostly done in the lab-on test plots.[K]Understanding the basic science first is key. There are good reasons why crop plants do not use dryness defenses already. For instance, there's a high energy cost in switching from a regular metabolism to an almost-no-water metabolism. It will also be necessary to understand what sort of yield farmers might expect and to establish the plant's safety. "The yield is never going to be high," Farrant says, so these plants will be targeted not at Iowa farmers trying to squeeze more cash out of high-yield fields, but subsistence farmers who need help to survive a drought like the present one in South Africa. "My vision is for the subsistence farmer," Farrant says. "I'm targeting crops that are of African value."36. There are a couple of plants tough and adaptable enough to survive on bare rocky hills and in deserts.37. Farrant is trying to isolate genes in resurrection plants and reproduce them in crops.38. Farmers in South Africa are more at the mercy of nature, especially inconsistent rainfall.39. Resurrection crops are most likely to be the choice of subsistence farmers.40. Even though many plants have developed various tactics to cope with dry weather, they cannot survive a prolonged drought.41. Despite consumer resistance, researchers are pushing ahead with genetic modification of crops.42. Most seeds can pull through dry spells and begin growing when conditions are ripe, but once this process starts, it cannot be held back.43. Farrant is working hard to cultivate food crops that can survive extreme dryness by studying the traits of rare wild plants.44. By adjusting their metabolism, resurrection plants can recover from an extended period of drought.45. Resurrection plants can come back to life in a short time after a rainfall.36.C37.H38.A39.K40.E41.I42.G43.B44.F45.D。
2021年6月英语六级听力原文附字幕
2021年6月英语六级听力原文附字幕College English Test—Band SixCollege English Test (Band 6)Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B), C) and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Now let’s begin with the 8 short conversations.11. M: Oh, I’m so sorry I forgot to bring along the bookyou borrowed from the library.W: What a terrible memory you have! Anyway,I won’t need it until Friday night.As long as I can get it by then,OK?Q: What do we learn from this conversation?12. W: Doctor, I haven’t been able to get enough sleep lately,and I’m too tired to concentrate in class.M: Well, you know,spending too much time indoorswith all that artificial lighting can do that to you.Your body loses track of whether it’s day or night.Q: What does the man imply?13. M: I think I’ll get one of those new T-shirts,you know,with the school’s logo on both the front and back.W: You’ll regret it.They are expensive,and I’ve heard the printing fades easily when you wash them.Q: What does the woman mean?14. W: I think your article in the school newspaper is right on target,and your viewpoints have certainly convinced me.M: Thanks, but in view of the general responses,you and I are definitely in the minority.Q: What does the man mean?15. M: Daisy was furious yesterday because I lost her notebook.Should I go see her and apologize to her again?W: Well, if I were you,I’d let her cool off a few days before I approach her.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?16. M: Would you please tell mewhere I can get batteries for this brand of camera?W: Let me have a look.Oh, yes.Go down this aisle,pass the garden tools.You’ll find them on the shelf next to the light bulbs.Q: What is the man looking for?17. M: Our basketball team is playing in the finalsbut I don’t have a ticket.I guess I’ll just watch it on TV.Do you want to come over?W: Actually I have a ticket.But I’m not feeling well.You can have it for what it cost me.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. M: Honey, I’ll be going straight to the theatre from work this evening.Could you bring my suit and tie along?W: Sure, it’s the first performance of the State Symphony Orchestra in our city,so suit and tie is a must.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Now you’ll hear the two long conversations.Conversation OneM: I got two letters this morning with job offers,one from the Polytechnic,and the other from the Language School in Pistoia,Italy.W: So you are not sure which to go for?M: That’s it.Of course, the conditions of work are very different:The Polytechnic is offering a two-year contract which could be renewed,but the Language School is only offering a year’s contract, and that’s a difinite minus.It could be renewed,but you never know.W: I see.So it’s much less secure.But you don’t need to think too much about steady jobs when you are only 23.M: That’s true.W: What about the salaries?M: Well, the Pistoia job pays much better in the short term.I’ll be getting the equivalent of about ￡22 000 a year there,but only ￡20 000 at the Polytechnic.But then the hours are different.At the Polytechnic I’d have to do 35 hours a week,20 teaching and 15 administration,whereas the Pistoia school is only asking for 30 hours teaching.W: Hmm…M: Then the type of teaching is so different.The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for examslike the Cambridge certificates.The Language School wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, but also quite a lot of work in companies and factories, and a couple of children’s classes.Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.W: Well, that sounds much more varied and interesting.And I’d imagine you would be doing quite a lot of teaching outside the school,and moving around quite a bit.M: Yes, whereas with the Polytechnic position,I’d be stuck in the school all day.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?20. What do we learn about the students at the Polytechnic?21. What does the woman think of the job at the Language School? Conversation TwoW: Good evening and welcome to tonight's edition of Legendary Lives.Our subject this evening is James Dean,actor and hero for the young people of his time.Edward Murray is the author of a new biography of Dean.Good evening, Edward.M: Hello, Tina.W: Edward, tell us what you know about Dean's early life.M: He was born in Indiana in 1931,but his parents moved to California when he was five.He wasn't there long, though, because his mother passed away just four years later.Jimmy's father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt.W: So how did he get into acting?M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school,then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting.In 1951 he moved to New York to do more stage acting.W: Then when did his movie career really start?M: 1955.His first starring role was in East of Eden.It was fabulous.Dean became a huge success.But the movie that really made him famous was his second one—Rebel Without a Cause,that was about teenagers who felt like they didn't fit into society.W: So how many more movies did he make?M: Just one more,then he died in that car crash in California in 1955.W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies!So what made him the legend he still is today?M: Well, I guess his looks,his acting ability,his short life,and maybe the type of character he played in his movies.Many young people saw him as a symbol of American youths.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. What is the woman doing?23. Why did James Dean move back to Indiana when he was young?24. What does the man say James Dean did at college in California?25. What do we learn about James Dean from the conversation?Section BDirections: In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA),B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneThe time is 9 o’clock and this is Marian Snow with the news.The German authorities are sending investigatorsto discover the cause of the plane crash late yesterday on the island of Tenerife.The plane, a Boeing 737,taking German holiday makers to the island,crashed into a hillside as it circled while preparing to land.The plane was carrying 180 passengers.It’s thought there are no survivors.Rescue workers were at the scene.The British industrialist James Louis,held by kidnappers in central Africa for the past 8 months, was released unharmed yesterday.The kidnappers had been demanding 1 million pounds for the release of Mr. Louis.The London Bank and their agentswho have been negotiating with the kidnappers have not said whether any amount of money has been paid.The 500 UK motors workers who had been on strikein High Town for the past 3 three weeks went back to work this morning.This follows successful talks between management and union representatives,which resulted in a new agreement on working hours and conditions.A spokesman for the management said thatthey’d hope they could now get back to producing cars, and that they lost a lot of money and orders over this dispute.And finally the weather.After a cold start,most of the country should be warm and sunny.But towards late afternoon,rain will spread from Scotland to cover most parts by midnight.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What does the news say about the Boeing 737 plane?27. What happened to British industrialist James Louis?28. How did the three-week strike in High Town end?29. What kind of weather will be expected by midnightin most parts of the country?Passage TwoJuan Louis, a junior geology major,decided to give an informative speech about how earthquakes occur.From his audience and analysis he learned that only 2 or 3 of his classmatesknew much of anything about geology.Juan realized then that he must present his speech at an elementary leveland with a minimum of scientific language.As he prepared the speech,Juan kept asking himself,“How can I make this clear and meaningful to someonewho knows nothing about earthquakes or geological principles?”Since he was speaking in the Midwest,he decided to begin by noting that the most severe earthquakein American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid,Missouri in 1811.If such an earthquake happened today,it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Oceanand would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley.That, he figured,should get his classmates’ attention.Throughout the body of the speech,Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of earthquakes, and carefully avoided technical terms.He also prepared visual aids,diagramming photo line,so his classmates wouldn’t get confused.To be absolutely safe,Juan asked his roommate,who was not a geology major,to listen to the speech.“Stop me,” he said,“anytime I say something you don’t understand.”Juan’s roommate stopped him four times.And at each spot,Juan worked out a way to make his point more clearly.Finally, he had a speech that was interesting andperfectly understandable to his audience.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What did Juan Louis learn from the analysis of his audience?31. How did Juan Louis start his speech?32. What did Juan ask his roommate to dowhen he was making his trial speech? Passage ThreeEsperanto is an artificial language,designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means ofcommunicationamong speakers of different languages.It was created by Ludwig Lazar Zamenhof,a polish Jewish doctor specialized in eye diseases.Esperanto was first presented in 1887.An international movement was launched to promote its use.Despite arguments and disagreements,the movement has continued to flourish andhas members in more than 80 countries.Esperanto is used internationally across language boundariesby at least 1 million people,particularly in specialized fields.It is used in personal contexts,on radio broadcasts and in a number of publications,as well as in translations of both modern works and classics.Its popularity has spread from Europe,both east and west,to such countries as Brazil and Japan.It is, however, in China that Esperanto has had its greatest impact.It is taught in universities and used in many translations,often in scientific or technological works.EL POPOLA CHINIO,which means from people’s China,is a monthly magazine in Esperanto and is read worldwide.Radio Beijing’s Esperanto program is the most popular programin Esperanto in the world.Esperanto’s vocabulary is drawn primarily from Latin, the Roman’s languages,English and German.Spelling is completely regular.A simple and consistent set of endings indicates grammatical functions of words.Thus for example,every noun ends in “o”,every adjective in “a”,and the basic form of every verb in “i”.Esperanto also has a highly productive systemof constructing new words from old ones.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. What does the speaker tell us about Esperanto?34. What is said about the international movement to promote the use of Esperanto?35. What does the speaker say about Esperanto in China?Section CDirections: In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.Now listen to the passage.George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity.He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others.In the earliest years of our lives,our parents tell us who we are: “You're intelligent.”“You're so strong.”We first see ourselves through the eyes of others.So their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts.Later, we interact with teachers,friends, romantic partners and co-workers who communicate their views of us.Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evidentin children who are deprived of human contact.Case studies of children who are isolated from others reveal thatthey lack a firm self-concept,and their mental and psychological development isseverely hindered by lack of language.Communication with others not only affects our sense ofidentity,but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being.Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health,whereas social isolation is linked to stress,disease and early death.People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxietyand depression than people who are close to others.A group of researchers reveal scores of studies thattrace the relationship between health and interaction with others.The conclusion was that social isolation isstatistically as dangerous as high blood pressure,smoking and obesity.Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system,making us more vulnerable to a range of minor and major illnesses.Now the passage will be read again.George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked intohumanity.He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others.In the earliest years of our lives,our parents tell us who we are: “You're intelligent.”“You're so strong.”We first see ourselves through the eyes of others.So their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts.Later, we interact with teachers,friends, romantic partners and co-workers who communicate their views of us.Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evidentin children who are deprived of human contact.Case studies of children who are isolatedfrom others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language.Communication with others not only affects our sense ofidentity,but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being.Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health,whereas social isolation is linked to stress,disease and early death.People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depressionthan people who are close to others.A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationshipbetween health and interaction with others.The conclusion was that social isolation isstatistically as dangerous as high blood pressure,smoking and obesity.Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system,making us more vulnerable to a range of minor and major illnesses.Now the passage will be read for the third time.George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked intohumanity.He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others.In the earliest years of our lives,our parents tell us who we are: “You're intelligent.”“You're so strong.”We first see ourselves through the eyes of others.So their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts.Later, we interact with teachers,friends, romantic partners and co-workers who communicate their views of us.Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evident in children who are deprived of human contact.Case studies of children who are isolated from others reveal thatthey lack a firm self-concept,and their mental and psychological development is severely hinderedby lack of language.Communications with others not only affects our sense of identity,but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being.Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health,whereas social isolation is linked to stress,disease and early death.People who lack close friendshave greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others.A group of researchers reveal scores of studiesthat trace the relationship between health and interaction with others.The conclusion was that social isolation isstatistically as dangerous as high blood pressure,smoking and obesity.Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system,making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses.This is the end of listening comprehension.。
2021年6月六级听力原文
Section 111. M：Good news，I'm not going to have surgery after all. The doctor says I can start working out again soon and maybe play football like before in a few weeks.W：That's terrific. It would be great if you could get back in shape in time for the world cup.Q：What do we learn from the conversation?12. M：I really need to make some extra money. You know I've practically spent my entire budget for this semester.W：Why not check out the new cafeteria at Market Street?I think there are still a few openingssuitable for seniors like you.Q：What does the woman suggest the man do?13. M：I hear John left his cat in your care while he's on vacation abroad. How were you getting along with it?W：Well，it never comes when I call it. It spills its food and sheds all over the place. I can't wait till John gets back.Q：How does the woman find the cat?14. W：Hello，Professor White，I got my grade in the mail this morning，but I think there might be a mistake in my mark.M：Yeah，I've got several calls just like yours. There must be a problem with the computing system. It should be straightened out in a couple of hours.Q：What does the man mean?15. M：Professor Johnson，last night when I was putting the finishing touches on my paper，a computer failure completely wiped out my files，do you think I can have another day to retype it?W：I'm sorry，Rod. I'm leaving for a conference tomorrow and I'll be away two weeks. I suppose you can send me an E-copy.Q：Why does the man say he can't submit his assignment on time?16. W：I just called the travel agency，it's all set. On 1st June，we are heading for the mountains and will be camping there for a whole week.M：Have you checked the academic calendar？My classes aren't over until the 8th.Q：What does the man imply?17. W：I thought there was still time for me to apply for a student loan，but someone just told me that the closing date was last Tuesday.M：Are you sure?I thought we still had another month. Wait，I've got a brochure right here. Last Tuesday was the opening date.Q：What does the man imply?18. W：Look at the all the pollutants going into the air from those factories. Do you think they'll ever get that under control?M：Now with the new laws in effect and social awareness increasing，we are sure to turn things around.Q：What does the man mean?Conversation OneW：Tell me，Peter，what makes Harrods so famous?M：Well，it's the biggest department store in the UK. And its food hall and Egyptian hall are very famous. People come to Harrods just to see them.W：What is special about the Food Hall?M：It sells many different kinds of food. For example，it has 250 kinds of cheese from all over the world and more than 180 kinds of bread. Customers also love all the different kinds of chocolate. They buy 100 tons every year.W：That's amazing！And why is the Egyptian Hall so famous?M：Well，when people see it，they feel they are in another world. It looks like Egyptian building from 4，000 years ago and it sells beautiful objects. They are not 4,000 years old，of course.W：Is it true that Harrods produces its own electricity?M：Yes，it does. 70%. Enough for a small town. To light the outside of the building，we use 11,500 light bulbs.W：Really?Tell me，how many customers do you have on an average day?And how much do they spend?M：About 30,000 people come on an average day，but during the sales the number increases to 300,000 customers a day. How much do they spend?Well，on average，customers spend about 1.5 million pounds a day. The record for one day is 9 million pounds.W：9 million pounds in one day?M：Yes！On the first day of the January sales.W：Harrods says it sells everything to everybody everywhere. Is that really true?M：Oh yes，of course！Absolutely everything.Q19. What is the Food Hall of Harrods noted for?Q20. What does the Egyptian hall seem like to the customers?Q21. What make customers find surprising about Harrods?Q22. About how many customers come to Harrods on an average day?Conversation TwoW：Hi Kevin!M：Hi Laura，long time no see！What have you been up to lately?W：Not much，I can assure you，and you?M：Much the same except I do have some big news.W：Come on this suspense is killing me.M：No，really，what have you been doing these past few weeks?The last time I saw you，you were looking for a new job.W：Well，that's not exactly true. I was thinking about changing jobs. Luckily，they offered me a new position in the accounting department.M：A step up in the big business world.W：???exaggerate，but I am pleased. I had been hoping to get a promotion for a while. So when it finally came through，I was relieved. Actually，that's why I was looking for a new job. I just didn't want to work there anymore if they weren't going to recognize my efforts.M：Right，sometimes you can do your best and it seems like the others don't know you exist. I hope the money's better.W：I got an reasonable raise，now enough about me，I'm dying to hear your news.M：I getting married.W：No，you said you'd never get married.M：That was then and this is now. You've got to meet Andrea ，she's great!W：This is all news to me. I didn't even know you were dating.M：We weren't，we've just been dating for two weeks now.W：And you getting married?M：I know，I can't help it. I just know she's the one.W：Well，congratulations！That's fantastic!M：Thanks，I'm glad to hear you feel that way.Q23. What was the woman doing when the man last saw her?Q24 Why does the woman say she was relived?Q25 Why is the woman surprised at the man's news?Passage 1Water scooters are water vehicles that look very much like motorcycles. Nowadays，speedy，colorful water scooters are gaining in popularity. They can travel anywhere a small boat can and particularly popular with young people. The rising popularity of the craft has raised the question of water scooter regulation. In this case，the argument for strict regulation is compelling. Water scooters are a particularly deadly form of water recreation. For example，two women were vacationing in Longboat Key while they were floating on the rubber boat along the shore，a water scooter crashed into them and kill them. Also water scooter operators have been killed or seriously injured in collisions with other water craft. Others have been stranded at the sea when their scooters either failed or sank far from shore. Many water scooter operators are inexperienced and ignorant of navigational rules，which increases the potential for accidents. The increasing popularity of the scooter has aggravated the problem，providing more water vehicles to compete for the same space. Crowded water waves are simply an open invitation to disaster.In addition to the inherent operational hazards of water scooters，they are proving to be an environmental nuisance. Beach residents complain of the noise of the scooters. The Pacific Whale Foundation on the west coast expressed concern that the scooters are frightening away an endangered species of whale that migrates to Hawaii for breeding. Regulations such as minimum operating age，restricted operating areas and compulsory classes in water safety are essential. Without such regulations，tragedies involving water scooters are sure to multiply，which makes many beaches unsafe for recreation.26. What does the speaker say about water scooters?27. What was mentioned as one of the causes of water accident?28. In what way are water scooters said to be an environmental nuisance?29. What does the speaker propose to ensure the safety of beaches for recreation?Passage 2It seems to me that neighbors are going out of style in America. The friend next door from whom you borrowed for eggs or a ladder has moved and people in there now are strangers. Some of the traditional stories of neighborliness are impractical or silly and maybe just as well that our relations with our neighbors are changing. The saying in the Bible "Love thy neighbor" was probably a poor translation，of what must have originally been，"respect thy neighbor". Love can be called up on order. Fewer than half of the people in U.S. live in the same house they lived in five years ago. So there is no reason to love the people who live next door to you，just because they happen to wander into a real estate office that listed the place next door to yours. The only thing neighbors have in common，to begin with，is proximity and unless something more develops that isn't reason enough to be best friends. It sometimes happens naturally，but the chances are very small that your neighbors will be your choice friends or that you will be theirs either. The best relationship with neighbors is one of friendly distance. You say "hello"，use small talk if you see them in the yard，you discuss problems as they arise and you help each other in an emergency. The drive way or the fence between you is not really a cold shoulder but a clear boundary. We all like clearly-defined boundaries for ourselves.30. What does the speak say about the relations among neighbors nowadays?31. Why does the speak say it may be difficult for people to love their neighbors?32. What should neighbors do in the speaker's opinion?Passage 3Articles in magazines and newspapers and special reports on radio and television reflect the concern of many Americans about the increasing drop-out rate in our junior and senior high schools. Coupled with this fact is the warning that soon we will no longer have a work force to fill the many jobs that require properly educated personnel. The high student drop-out rate is not a recent development. Ten years ago，many urban schools were reporting drop-out rates between 35 and 50 percent. Some administrators maintain that drop-outs remain the single greatest problem in their schools. Consequently，much effort has been spent on identifying students with problems in order to give them more attention before they become failures. Since the drop-out problem doesn't start in senior high school，special programs in junior high school focus on students who show promise but have a record of truancy，that is staying away from school without permission. Under the guidance of counselors，these students are placed in classes with teachers who have had success in working with similar young people. Strategies to motivate students in a high school include rewarding academic excellence by designating scholars of the month，or by issuing articles of clothing，such as school letter jackets formerly given only to athletes. No one working with these students claims to know how to keep all students in schools. Counselors，teachers and administrators are in the frontlines of what seems at times to be a losing battle. Actually，this problem should be everyone’s concern since uneducated，unemployed citizens affect us all.33. Why are many Americans concerned with the increasing drop-out rate in school?34. What do we learn about the student drop-out problem in America?35. What is mentioned as one of the strategies used to motivate students?Compound DictationI'm interested in the criminal justice system of our country. It seems to me that something has to be done if we are to survive as a country. I certainly don't know what the answers to our problems are. Things certainly get complicated in a hurry when you get into them. But I wonder if something couldn't be done to deal with some of these problems.One thing I'm concerned about is our practice of putting offenders in jail who haven't harmed anyone. Why not work out some system whereby they can pay back the debts they owe society instead of incurring another debt by going to prison，and of course，coming under the influence of hardened criminals?I'm also concerned about the short prison sentences people are serving for serious crimes. Of course，one alternative to this is to restore capital punishment，but I'm not sure I would be for that. I'm not sure it's right to take an eye for eye.The alternative to capital punishment is longer sentences，but they would certainly costthe tax payers much money.I also think we must do something about the insanity plea. In my opinion，any one who takes another person's life intentionally is insane. However，that does not mean that the person isn't guilty of the crime，or that he shouldn't pay society the debt he owes.It's sad，of course，that a person may have to spend the rest of his life，or a large part of it，in prison for acts that he committed while not in full control of his mind. 听力A卷参照答案北京导航、北京领航李勇全庄延君提供11. A) The man mightbe able to play in the World Cup.12. D) Solve his problem by doing a part-time job.13. C) A real nuisance.14. A) The errors will be corrected soon.15. B) He has to type his paper once more.16. A) They might have to change their plan.17. D) They are not late for a loan application.18. C) The quality of air will surely change for the better.Conversation19. B) Numerous varieties of food.20. A) An ancient building.21. D) It generates 70% of the electricity it uses.22. B) 30,00023. C) Thinking about doing a different job.24. A) She has finally got a promotion and a pay raise.25. B) He changed his mind about marriage unexpectedly. Passage One北京导航、北京领航李勇全庄延君提供26.D) They are getting more popular as a means or water recreation.27.A) Waterscooter operators’ lack of experience.28. B)They produce too much noise.29. D) Enforce necessary regulations.Passage Two北京导航、北京领航提供30.D) They are changing.31.B) Not many of them stay in the same place for long.32. C) Keep a friendly distance.Passage Three33. D) It may lead to a lack of properly educated workers.34. B)It affects both junior and senior high schools.35. C)Rewarding excellent academic performance.Section C37. complicated38. offenders39. whereby40. incurring41. influence42. serving43. restore44. The alternative to capital punishment is longer sentences. But they would certainly cost the tax payers much money.45. that does not mean that person isn't guilty of the crime，or that he shouldn't pay society the debt he owes.46. a large part of it in prison for acts that he committed while not in full control of his mind.。
2021年6月大英语六级听力真题 长对话(2)
2021年6月大英语六级听力真题长对话(2)Your name Sanjay Kumar is that correct?Yes, madam.You claim you are traveling on a scholarship from Delhi University.That's right.Now it seems that a hand gun was found in your luggage. Do you admit that?Yes, but…According to the statement you made, you had never seen the hand gun before it was found in your bag. Do you still maintain that?But it's true. I swear it.Mmm, you do realize Mr. Kumar that to bring a hand gun into Hong Kong without proper authorization is a serious offense.But I didn't bring it. I … I mean I didn't know anything about it. It wasn't there when I left Delhi. My bags were searched. It was part of the airport security check.Maybe so, but someone managed to get that hand gun onto the aircraft or it couldn't have been there.Someone but not me.Tell me, where was your personal bag during the flight?I had it down by my feet between me and the man in the next seat.He was the only person who could have opened my bag while I was asleep. It must have been him.I see. Have you any idea who this man was?He told me his name, Alfred Foster. He was very friendly, after I woke up that is. He hadn't spoken before.Alfred Foster, we can check that on the passenger list.He said he had a car coming to meet him. He offered me a lift.Oh, Why should he do that?So he can get his handgun back, that's why. Please find him, Madam.。
2021年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第2套 段落匹配
2021年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第2套段落匹配Companies Are Working with Consumers to Reduce WasteA) As consumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the world generates 1.3 billion tons of solid waste. This is expected to go up to 2.2 billion by 2025. The developed countries are responsible for 44% of waste, and in the U. S. alone, the average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month.B) Conventional wisdom would seem to suggest that companies have no incentive to lengthen the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue they would get from selling new goods. Yet, more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste. This is partly driven by the rising price of raw materials and metals. It is also partly due to both consumers and companies becoming more aware of the need to protect our environment.C) When choosing what products to buy and which brands to buy from, more and more consumers are looking into sustainability. This is opposed to just price and performance they were concerned about in the past. In a survey of 54 of the world's leading brands, almost all of them reported thatconsumers are showing increasing care about sustainable lifestyles. At the same time, surveys on consumers in the U.S. and the U. K. show that they also care about minimizing energy use and reducing waste.D) For the most part, consumers control what happens to a product. But some companies are realizing that placing the burden of recycling entirely on the consumer is not an effective strategy, especially when tossing something away seems like the easiest and most convenient option.E) Some retailers and manufacturers in the clothing, footwear, and electronics industries have launched environmental programs. . They want to make their customers interested in preserving their products and preventing things that still have value from going to the garbage dump. By offering services to help expand the longevity of their products, they're promising quality and durability to consumers, and receiving the reputational gains for being environmentally friendly.F) For example, the Swedish jeans company Nudie Jeans offers free repair at twenty of their shops. Instead of discarding their old worn-out jeans, customers bring them in to be renewed. The company even provides mail-order repair kitsand online videos, so that customers can learn how to fix a pair of jeans at home. Their philosophy is that extending the life of a pair of jeans is not only great for the environment, but allows the consumer to get more value out of their product. When customers do want to toss their pair, they can give them back to the store ，which will repurpose and resell them. Another clothing company, Patagonia, a high-end outdoor clothing store, follows the same principle. It has partnered with DIY website iFixit to teach consumers how to repair their clothing, such as waterproof outerwear,' at home. The company also offers a repair program for their customers for a modest fee. Currently, Patagonia repairs about 40,000 garments a year in their Reno, Nevada, service center. According to the company's CEO, Rose Marcario, this is about building a company that cares about the environment. At the same time, offering repair supports the perceived quality of its products.G) In Brazil, the multinational corporation Adidas has been running a shoe-recycling program called “Sustainable Footprint” since 2021. Customers can bring shoes of any brand into an Adidas store to be shredded and turned into alternative fuels for energy creation instead of being burned as trash, They are used to fuel cement ovens. To motivate visitors to bringin more old shoes, Adidas Brazil promotes the program in stores by showing videos to educate customers, and it even offers a discount each time a customer brings in an old pair of shoes. This boosts the reputation and image of Adidas by making people more aware of the company's values.H) Enormous opportunities also lie with e-waste. It is estimated that in 2021 the world produced some 42 million metric tons of e-waste (discarded electrical and electronic equipment and its parts) with North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons respectively. The materials from e-waste include iron, copper, gold, silver, and aluminum- materials that could be reused, resold, salvaged, or recycled. Together, the value of these metals is estimated to be about $ 52 billion. Electronics giants like Best Buy and Samsung have provided e-waste take-back programs over the past few years, which aim to refurbish (翻新) old electronic components and parts into new products.I) For other companies interested in reducing waste, helping the environment, and providing the sustainable lifestyles that consumers seek, here are some first steps for building a relationship with customers that focuses on recycling and restoring value to products :J) Find partners. If you are a manufacturer who relies on outside distributors, then retailers are the ideal partner for collecting old products. Power tool maker DeWalt partners with companies, such as Lowes and Napa Auto Parts, to collect old tools at their stores for recycling. The partnership benefits both sides by allowing unconventional partners (for example, two companies from two different industries) to work together on a specific aspect of the value chain, like, in this example, an engine firm with an accessory one.K) Create incentives. Environmental conscientiousness isn't always enough to make customers recycle old goods. For instance, DeWalt discovered that many contractors were holding on to their old tools , even f they no longer worked, because they were expensive purchases and it was hard to justify bringing them in to recycle. By offering instant discounts worth as much as $ 100, DeWalt launched a trade-in program to encourage people to bring back tools. As a result, DeWalt now reuses those materials to create new products.L) Start with a trial program, and expect to change the details as you go. Any take-back program will likely change over time, depending on what works for your customers and company goals. Maybe you see low customer participation at first, orconversely, so much success that the cost of recycling becomes too high. Best Buy, for instance, has been bearing the lion's share of e-waste volume since two of its largest competitors, Amazon and Wal-mart, do not have their own recycling programs. Since the launch of its program, Best Buy changed its policy to add a $ 25 fee for recycling old televisions in order to keep the program going.M) Build a culture of collective values with customers. A stronger relationship between the retailer/producer and the consumer isn't just about financial incentives. By creating more awareness around your efforts to reduce waste, and by developing a culture of responsibility, repair, and reuse, you can build customer loyalty based on shared values and responsibilities.N) These examples are just the tip of the iceberg, but they demonstrate how helping customers get more use of their materials can transform value chains and operations. Reducing waste by incorporating used materials into production can cut costs and decrease the price of procurement (采购): less to be procured from the outside and more to be re-utilized from the inside.O) Companies play a big role in creating a circular economy,in which value is generating less from extracting new resources and more from getting better use out of the resources we already have——but they must also get customers engaged in the process.36. Some companies believe that products' prolonged lifespan benefits both the environment and customers.37. A survey shows shoppers today are getting more concerned about energy conservation and environmental protection when deciding what to buy.38. Companies can build customer loyalty by creating a positive culture of environmental awareness.39. When companies launch environmental programs, they will have their brand reputation enhanced.40. One multinational company offers discounts to customers who bring in old footwear to be used as fuel.41. Recycling used products can help manufacturers reduce production costs.42. Electronic products contain valuable metals that could be recovered.43. It seems commonly believed that companies are not motivated to prolong their products' ifespan.44. It is advisable for companies to partner with each other in product recycling.45. Some businesses have begun to realize it may not be effective to let consumers take full responsibility for recycling.36.F37.C38.M39.E40.G41.N42.H43.B44.J45.D。
hwyhrg2021年6月大学英语六级试题及答案详解
hwyhrg2021年6月大学英语六级试题及答案详解懒惰是专门惊奇的东西，它使你以为那是安逸，是休息，是福气；但实际上它所给你的是无聊，是倦怠，是消沉;它剥夺你对前途的期望，割断你和别人之间的友情，使你心胸日渐狭窄，对人一辈子也越来越怀疑。
—罗兰Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中显现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.显现这种现象的缘故和后果；3.我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants.Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election.Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (杰出的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2021年6月大学英语六级真题及答案完整版卷
2021年6月大学英语六级真题及答案完整版卷I Writing1、【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation and methods in learning、 You can cite exles to illustrate your views、 You should write at least150 words but no more than200 words、【答案】 What is the most important quality for learning? From my perspective, what we need are motivation and methods、Motivation refers to desire and determination in people to be continually interested in and mitted to certain aims、 It is an indispensable part of learning、 If we want to plete heavy school work, motivation is a necessity、 Without motivation, it is hard to overe difficulties、 The inventor of the electric bulb, one of the famous scientists in the world, Thomas Edison, is a good case in point、 Before the bulb came into being, he had failed thousands of times、 Withmotivation, he finally lit the whole world、With motivation we also need proper methods to study efficiently、 Generally speaking, the more effectively you study, the greater success you will achieve、 Method is a great element of learning、 Without proper methods, we may go nowhere in our pursuit of success in study、In a word, motivation and methods play a vital role in successful study、 The same is true of other aspects of our life, such as friendship, love and career、 As the saying goes:" Motivation is what gets you started、Methods are what helps you keep going、"PartⅡ Listening prehension听力答案：2021年6月大学英语六级考试真题听力原文（卷一）Part Ⅲ Reading Section APasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight、 For years, nutritionists have remended that pasta be kept to a _____(27), to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar_____(28)up、The low-carbohydrate food movement gavebirth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetables, fish and meat、 More recently the trend ofswapping spaghetti for vegetables has been _____(29)by clean-eating experts、But now a _____(30)review and analysis of _____(31)studies by Canadian researchers found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months、 The reviewers found that pasta had been unfairly demonized(妖魔化)because it had been _____(32)in with other, more fit-promoting carbohydrates、"The study found that pasta didnt3 to weight gain or increase in body fat," said lead author Dr John Sievenpiper、 "In _____(33)the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an_____(34)effect on body weigh outes when it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern、" In fact, analysis actually showed a small weigh loss _____(35)to concerns、Perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy dietThose involved in the _____(36)trials on average ate3、3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup、They lost around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of12 weeks、27、【题干】_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】I28、【题干】_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】L29、【题干】_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】B30、【题干】_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】N31、【题干】_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】G32、【题干】_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】E33、【题干】_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】O34、【题干】_____、A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】A35、【题干】_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】D36、_____、【选项】A、adverseB、chionedC、clinicalD、contraryE、contributeF、intimateG、lumpedH、magnifiedI、minimumJ、radiatingK、rationL、shootingM、subscribeN、systematicO、weighing【答案】CPart Ⅲ Reading Section BThe Best Retailers bine Bricks and Clicks[A] Retail profits are falling sharply、Stores are closing、 Malls are emptying、 The depressing stories just keep ing、 Reading the earnings announcements of large retail stores like Macys, Nordstrom, and Target is about as uplifting as a tour of an intensive care unit、 The interact is apparently taking down yet another industry、 Brick and mortar stores(实体店)seem to be going the way of the yellow pages、 Sure enough, the Census Bureau just released data showing that online retail sales surged15、2 percent between the first quarter of全文结束》》 and the first quarter of全文结束》》、[B] But before you dump all of your retail stocks, there are more facts you should consider、 Looking only at that15、2 percent "surge" would be misleading、 It was an increase that was on a small base of6、9 percent、 Even when a tiny number grows by alarge percentage terms, it is often still tiny、[C] More than20 years after the inter was opened to merce, the Census Bureau tells us that brick and mortar sales accounted for92、3 percent of retail sales in the first quarter of全文结束》》、 Their data show that only 0、8 percent of retail sales shifted from offline to online between the beginning of全文结束》》 and全文结束》》、[D] So,despite all the talk about drone (无人机)deliveries to your doorstep, all the retailexecutives expressing anxiety over consumers going online, and even a Presidential candidate exclaiming that Amazon has a "huge antitrust problem," the Census data suggest that physical retail is thriving、 Of course, the closed stores, depressed executives, and sinking stocks suggestotherwise、 Whats the real story?[E] Many firms operating brick and mortar stores are in trouble、 The retail industry is getting reinvented, as we describe in our new book Matchmakers、 Its standing in the Path of what Schumpeter called a gale (大风)of creative destruction、 That storm has been brewing for some time, and as it has reached gale force, most large retailers are searching for a response、 As the CFO of Macys put it recently, "Were frankly scratching our heads、"[F] But its not happening as experts predicted、In the peak of the dotZZZ bubble, brick and mortar retail was one of those industries the inter was going to kill-and quickly、 The dot corn bust discredited most predictions of that sort and in the years that followed, on-ventional retailers confidence in the future increased as Census continued to report weak online sales、 And then the gale hit、[G] It is being increasingly clearthat retail reinvention isnt a simple battle to the death between bricks and clicks、 It is about devising retail models that work for people who are making increasing use of a growing array of inter-connected tools to change how they search, shop, and buy、 Creative retailers are usingthe new technologies to innovate just about everything stores do from managing inventory, to marketing, to getting paid、[H] More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apples massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazons small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night、 Not to mention the large number of creative new retailers, like Bonobos, that are blending online and offline experiences in creative ways、[I] Retail reinvention is not a simple process, and its also not happening on what used to be called "Inter Time、" Some inter-driven changes have happened quickly, of course、 Craigslist quickly overtook newspaper classified ads and turned newspaper economics upside down、 But many widely anticipated changes werent quick, and some havent really started、 With the benefit of hindsight (后见之明), it looks like the interact will transform the economy at something like the pace of other great inventions like electricity、 B2B merce, for exle, didnt move mainly online by全文结束》》 as many had predicted in2000, nor even by全文结束》》, but that doesnt mean it wont do so over the next few decades、[J]But the gale is still blowing、 The sudden decline infoot traffic in recent years, even though it hasnt been acpanied by a massive decline in physical sales, is a critical warning、 People can shop more efficiently online and therefore dont need to go to as many stores to find what they want、 Theres a surplus of physical shopping space for the crowds, which is one reason why stores are downsizing and closing、[K] The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of plexity to the process of retail reinvention、 Even five years ago most people faced a choice、 Sit at your puter, probably at home or at the office, search and browse, and buy、 Or head out to the mall, or Main Street, look and shop, and buy、 Now, just about everyone has a smartphone, connected to the inter almost everywhere almost all the time、 Even when a retailer gets a customer to walk in the store, she can easily see if theres a better deal online or at another store nearby、[L] So far, the main thing many large retailers have done in response to all this is to open online stores, so people will e to them directly rather than to Amazon and its smaller online rivals、 Many are having the same problem that newspapershave、 Even if they get online traffic, they struggle to make enough money online to pensate for what they are losing offline、[M] A few seem to be making this work、Among large traditional retailers, Walmart recently reported the best results, leading its stock price to surge, while Macys, Target, and Nordstroms dropped、 Yet Walmarts year-over-year online sales only grew7 percent, leading its CEO to lament (哀叹), "Growth here is too slow、" Part of the problem is that almost two decades after Amazon filed the one click patent, the onlineretail shopping and buying experience is filled with frictions、 A recent study graded more than600 inter retailers on how easy it was for consumers to shop, buy, and pay、 Almost half of the sites didnt get a passing grade and only18 percent got an A orB、[N] The turmoil on the ground in physical retail is hard to square with the Census data、 Unfortunately, part of the explanation is that the Census retail data are unreliable、 Our deep100k into those data and their preparation revealed serious problems、 It seems likely that Census simply misclassifies a large chunk of online sales、 It is certain that the Census procedures, whichlump the online sales of major traditional retailers like Walmart with non-store retailers"1ike food trucks、 can mask major changes in individual retail categories、 The bureau could easily present their data in more useful ways、 but they have chosen not to、[O] Despite the turmoil, brick and mortar wont disappear any time soon、The big questions are which, if any, of the large traditional retailers will still be on the scene in a decade or two because they have successfully reinvented themselves, which new players will operate busy stores on Main Streets and maybe even in shopping malls, and how the shopping and buying experience will have changed in each retail category、 Investors shouldnt write off brick and mortar、 Whether they should bet on the traditional players who run those stores now is another matter、37、【题干】Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half of the inter retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers, according to a recent survey、【选项】B、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】M38、【题干】Innovative retailers integrate inter technologies with conventional retailing to create new retail models、【选项】A、AB、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】G39、【题干】Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retails stocks has been dropping、【选项】B、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】D40、【题干】Innovative—driven changes in the retail industry didnt take place as quickly as widely anticipated、【选项】A、AB、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】I41、【题干】Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lions share of the retail business、【选项】B、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】C42、【题干】panies that successfully bine online and offline business models may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers、【选项】A、AB、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】H43、【题干】Brick and mortar retailers faith in their business was strengthened when the dot bubble burst、【选项】A、AB、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】F44、【题干】Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional retailing will be here to stay for quite some time、【选项】A、AB、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】O45、【题干】With the rise of online merce, physical retail stores are likely to suffer the same fate as i the yellow pages、【选项】A、AB、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】A46、【题干】The wide use of smartphones has made it more plex for traditional retailers to reinvent their business、【选项】A、AB、BC、CD、DE、EF、FG、GH、HI、IJ、JK、KL、LM、MN、NO、O【答案】KPart Ⅲ Reading Section CPassage OneQuestions47 to51 are based on the following passageProfessor StephenHawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial intelligence (AI)will be “either the best, or the wors第 21 页共 21 页。
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2021年06月英语六级听力真题第2套(+试题+答案+原文+解析)Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) The project the man managed at CucinTech.B) The updating of technology at CucinTech.C)The man's switch to a new career.D) The restructuring of her company.2. A) Talented personnel.B) Strategic innovation.C) Competitive products.D) Effective promotion.3. A) Expand the market.B) Recruit more talents.C) Innovate constantly.D) Watch out for his competitors.4. A) Possible bankruptcy.B) Unforeseen difficulties.C) Conflicts within the company.D) Imitation by one's competitors.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) The job of an interpreter.B) The stress felt by professionals.C) The importance of language proficiency.D) The best way to effective communication.6. A) Promising.B) Admirable.C) Rewarding.D) Meaningful.7. A) They all have a strong interest in language.B) They all have professional qualifications.C) They have all passed language proficiency tests.D) They have all studied cross-cultural differences.8. A) It requires a much larger vocabulary.B) It attaches more importance to accuracy.C) It is more stressful than simultaneous interpreting.D) It puts one's long-term memory under more stress.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Passage OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) It might affect mothers' health.B) It might disturb infants' sleep.C) It might increase the risk of infants, death.D) It might increase mothers' mental distress.10. A) Mothers who breast-feed their babies have a harder time falling asleep.B) Mothers who sleep with their babies need a little more sleep each night.C) Sleeping patterns of mothers greatly affect their newborn babies' health.D) Sleeping with infants in the same room has a negative impact on mothers.11. A) Change their sleep patterns to adapt to their newborn babies'.B) Sleep in the same room but not in the same bed as their babies.C) Sleep in the same house but not in the same room as their babies.D) Take precautions to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome.Passage TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have justheard.12. A) A lot of native languages have already died out in the US.B) The US ranks first in the number of endangered languages.C) The efforts to preserve Indian languages have proved fruitless.D) More money is needed to record the native languages in the US.13. A) To set up more language schools.B) To document endangered languages.C) To educate native American children.D) To revitalise America's native languages.14. A) The US govemment's policy of Americanising Indian children.B) The failure of American Indian languages to gain an official status.C) The US government's unwillingness to spend money educating Indians.D) The long-time isolation of American Indians from the outside world.15. A) It is being utilised to teach native languages.B) It tells traditional stories during family time.C) It speeds up the extinction of native languages.D) It is widely used in language immersion schools.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Recording OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) It pays them up to half of their previous wages while they look for work.B) It covers their mortgage payments and medical expenses for 99 weeks.C) It pays their living expenses until they find employment again.D) It provides them with the basic necessities of everyday life.17. A) Creating jobs for the huge army of unemployed workers.B) Providing training and guidance for unemployed workers.C) Convincing local lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits.D) Raising funds to help those having no unemployment insurance.18. A) To offer them loans they need to start their own businesses.B) To allow them to postpone their monthly mortgage payments.C) To create more jobs by encouraging private investments in local companies.D) To encourage big businesses to hire back workers with government subsidies.Recording TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) They measured the depths of sea water.B) They analyzed the water content.C) They explored the ocean floor.D) They investigated the ice.20. A) Eighty percent of the ice disappears in summer time.B) Most of the ice was accumulated over the past centuries.C) The ice ensures the survival of many endangered species.D) The ice decrease is more evident than previously thought.21. A) Arctic ice is a major source of the world's fresh water.B) The melting Arctic ice has drowned many coastal cities.C) The decline of Arctic ice is irreversible.D) Arctic ice is essential to human survival.22. A) It will do a lot of harm to mankind.B) There is no easy way to understand it.C) It will advance nuclear technology.D) There is no easy technological solution to it.Recording ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) The reason why New Zealand children seem to have better self-control.B) The relation between children's self-control and their future success.C) The health problems of children raised by a single parent.D) The deciding factor in children's academic performance.24. A) Children raised by single parents will have a hard time in their thirties.B) Those with a criminal record mostly come from single parent families.C) Parents must learn to exercise self-control in front of their children.D) Lack of self-control in parents is a disadvantage for their children.25. A) Self-control can be improved through education.B) Self-control can improve one's financial situation.C) Self-control problems may be detected early in children.D) Self-control problems will diminish as one grows up.Section A & B & C01-04:ABCD05-08:ABBC09-11:CDB12-15:ADAC16-18:ABC19-22:DDCD23-25:BDASection AConversation One1 What seems to have been very successful according to the woman speaker?[A] 【解析】对话开头，女士就说迈克在 CucinTech 负责了一个创新项目，并接着说到项目似乎非常成功。