心理学专业英语论文

Why do we hurt others?

Zhang Ling Shan

Abstract

Aggression is common in our life, especially in children. I want to lead to the concept of aggression through describing the specific example. Using psychology theory to explain aggressive behavior, and to find out why do we attack others and how should we control the behavior from psychology. Especially the famous Bandura’s social learning theory in the psychological history. Finally, I summarize on my view on psychology theory of aggression and put forward five suggestions on practical case. I hope this paper can play an inspired role on children's aggressive behavior research. Key words: Aggression Social-Learning-Theory Children Aggression of Li Lei

Li Lei is a boy, on the fourth grade. When he was a child, his parents often quarrel, especially he had often seen his father scolding and beating his mother. Since his kindergarten, Li Lei began to humiliate other students, quarrel or fight with others. The violent behaviors are so frequently that his classmates don’t like him and unwilling get along with him. Of course, he doesn’t like to

participate in any group activities and hide away from his teachers instead of initiating to contact with them. At home, Li Lei is rarely communicate with his parents, even he will angry with his relatives or friends who just touch Li lei’ s head for expressing their friendly.

One time, Xiao Xiao gently pat Li Lei’s back with book and wanted to say hello. However, suddenly，Li Lei became very irritable. Then, he struck Xiao’s head heavily and haven’t stop until Xiao Xiao crying. With strange, see crying, he even laughing. Li Lei really like call nicknames to other students. For instance, Because of Xiao Mei’s little chubby, Li Lei always call her “a dinosaur”and laugh at her. The result is that Xiao Mei often cry secretly and afraid anyone.

When his elementary school, gradually, Li Lei was treated as a “violent child”by his teachers. Whenever he makes a mistake, teachers always punish him standing in office for several hours. To everyone surprise, he love this punish method.

One day, his parents spotted that he was watching violent TV show. His parents ruthlessly scolded and beaten him for stopping his violent behaviors, even asked him to go to study. But he had become aggravated the bully others, until now, Li Lei's temper is great, easily angered, Roar, difficult to control his own behavior.

What is Aggression?

Social psychologists defined “Aggression”as an intentional behavior to cause physical or mental suffering of others. We put the attack behavior into hostile aggression and instrumental aggression (Berkowits, 1993). Hostile aggression is derived from an inner angry behavior, is designed to be applied to make others suffer or harm others. For example, Li Lei in kindergarten bully Xiao Xiao that is hostile aggression. In instrumental aggression, one person intended to hurt anyone. However harm as a mean, rather than the purpose of causing others pain. For example, hitting your opponent to shoot in the basketball game just named instrumental aggression.

@aggression is inborn or acquired?

For centuries, scientists, political scientists and other thinkers, keep the controversy on the source of human aggressive behavior. In classic "Leviathan" (Leviathan, 1651), the political scientist Thonmas Hobbes claims that human beings is brutal in the state of nature, only the use of law and social norms to curb the innate instinct to attack. Freud also said that people are born with eros and thanato. When eros turned inward, Performance for suicide; when it grows outwards, it will be a kind of hostility, destruction and murder. Freud said: Eros play a role in every living body. It is committed to the