中石油、中石化职称英语考试参考用书
第一部分通用英语Part OneEnglish for General PurposesUNIT 1 How to be Happy如何获得幸福TextRead the text. Answer the given questions and translate the underlined sentences or paragraphs into Chinese.In the past two weeks we have looked at the happiness formula defined by positive psychologist Martin Seligman, where H (happiness) = S (your biological set point for feeling happy) + C (the conditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make). This week we look at the conditions in life that can improve our happiness quotient.Step 1: Peace and quietJonathon Haidt in his excellent book, The Happiness Hypothesis, notes that research shows that we can never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution. Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses (the other is the fear of falling) and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise. It is essential to have some peace and quiet every day. If you areunfortunate enough to live somewhere noisy, persist with complaining to your local council. Additionally, try wearing wax earplugs to have some respite. If you need your TV, radio or music up loud, wearing headphones demonstrates altruism to your neighbours, which will make you and them feel good.Step 2: RelationshipsThis is the most important of all the external conditions that can improve your happiness quotient. Often our deepest sources of unhappiness are found in poor relationships with others. A cruelly conflictual relationship with a partner or lover leaves us feeling betrayed and abandoned. A relationship with our parents or children which is not based on compassionate, unconditional regard creates isolation and misery. When faced with such relationships, the most positive thing we can do is to either mend the relationship by confronting what is going wrong or learn to move on.Step 3: ShareIf you have discovered conditions or choices in life that have significantly improved your wellbeing, remember to share them with friends. Passing on what works is essential to improve the wellbeing of our own and others.1. What's the happiness formula according to the passage?2. Why can we never completely adapt to new or chronicnoise pollution?3. How could we make both ourselves and the neighbors feel good?4. Where does the unhappiness come from?5. What is the positive way to face with the cruelly conflictual relationship?ExercisesA. Translate the following sentences into English.1．吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和(domestic upset)有很大影响。
2．在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪(unwretchedness)。
3．我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。
4．如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。
5．我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。
B. Read the text and translate it into Chinese.There are many benefits to being happy. Happier people tend to be healthier, live longer and eam more. They also tend to volunteer more, be better at relationships and smile more of whatDuchenne" or genuine smiles. What is less well psychologists call “understood is why happiness is contagious.According to James Fowler and Nicholas Christakis, authors of the international bestseller Connected, people surrounded by many happy friends, family members and neighbours who are central to their social network become significantly happier in the future. More specificallyi they say we will become 25 per cent happier with ourlife if a friend who lives within a mile of us becomes significantly happier with his or her life.Similar effects are seen in co-resident spouses (8 per cent happier); siblings who live within a mile of each other (14 per cent); and next-door neighbours (34 per cent). What this implies is that the magnitude of happiness spread seems to depend more on frequent social contact (due to physical proximity) than on deep social connections. Alas, for some reason this doesn't translate to the workplace.So, why is happiness contagious? One reason may be that happy people share their good fortune with their friends and family (for example, by being pragmatically helpful or financially generous). Another reason could be that happy people tend to change their behaviour for the better by being nicer or less hostile to those close to them. Or it could just be that positive emotions are highly contagious.【课文参考译文】过去两周我们研究了一项幸福公式，这是由乐观心理学家马丁·塞利格曼定义的。
在这个公式中，H（幸福）=S（个人生理幸福感受的固定指数）+C（个人生活状态）+V（个人主观选择）。
本周我们将着眼于能提升幸福指数的生活状态。
第一步：平和宁静乔纳森·海迪在他的优秀著作《幸福假说》当中提到，研究调查显示，我们不可能完全适应噪音污染，无论是新近的还是长期的。
巨大噪声会引发我们面对恐惧的某种本能反应（另一种是对于坠落的恐惧），如果周遭噪音喧闹，我们不可能完全放松。
中石化英语分级测试机职称英语考试资料(阅读理解)
沥青混凝土摊铺松铺系数1. 什么是松铺系数好吧，咱们先从“松铺系数”说起。
这可不是啥高深的学问，而是咱们在摊铺沥青混凝土时得考虑的重要因素。
简单来说，松铺系数就是在摊铺过程中，咱们会让沥青混凝土铺得“松松垮垮”的程度，明白了吗？哎，别小看这个小小的系数，它可是跟咱们路面的平整度、耐久性，甚至行车的舒适度密切相关。
你想想，如果路面不平坦，车一颠一颠的，那开车的感觉就像在坐过山车，真是让人哭笑不得呀。
2. 为什么要关注松铺系数2.1 路面质量那么，为什么咱们要特别关注这个松铺系数呢？首先，它直接关系到路面的质量。
一个好的路面，不光得平整，还得有一定的承载能力。
这时候，松铺系数就显得格外重要。
如果铺得太松，路面就容易出现裂缝，甚至会掉渣，简直跟过期的牛奶一样，让人心疼。
2.2 施工效率其次，松铺系数还影响施工效率。
你想啊，工程师们辛辛苦苦摊铺的沥青，如果松铺系数不合适，可能还得重新来过，浪费时间和钱，那真是“打水漂”呀。
咱们常说“工欲善其事，必先利其器”，施工的时候可不能马虎。
3. 松铺系数的计算3.1 实际操作说到这里，咱们得聊聊如何计算这个松铺系数了。
别担心，这里没有复杂的数学公式，主要是根据实际操作来判断。
通常情况下，松铺系数的标准值在1.0到1.3之间，具体的数值还得根据不同的材料和环境来调整。
这就像做饭，放盐也得看口味，太多太少都不行。
3.2 经验积累当然，计算松铺系数可不仅仅是靠公式，更多的还是经验积累。
就像老一辈的厨师，都是用手去感受食材的状态，时间久了，自然能做出一手好菜。
同样，施工人员在长期的工作中，也会对松铺系数有更直观的把握，做到心中有数。
4. 影响松铺系数的因素4.1 温度接下来，咱们得聊聊什么会影响这个松铺系数。
首先，温度是个大问题。
沥青混凝土在高温下会变得比较稀，松铺系数也会相应提高；而在低温下，它就比较稠，松铺系数则降低。
说白了，天气就像个调皮的小孩，时不时就来捣乱。
4.2 材料再者，使用的材料也是个关键。
中石油高级职称英语教材
中石油高级职称英语教材英文回答：The advanced professional English textbook for CNPC covers a wide range of topics essential for professionals in the petroleum industry. It provides comprehensive knowledge and skills in technical communication, industry-specific vocabulary, and professional writing. Through interactive exercises, case studies, and authentic materials, the textbook enhances the learner's ability to communicate effectively in English in various professional contexts.The textbook is designed to address the specific needs of CNPC professionals, covering topics such as:Technical writing: Report writing, proposal writing, and technical presentations.Business communication: Email writing, meetingparticipation, and negotiation skills.Industry-specific vocabulary: Exploration, production, refining, and marketing.Specialized skills: Technical translation and interpreting, oil and gas industry knowledge.The textbook incorporates the latest advancements in language learning methodologies, utilizing a blended learning approach that combines online resources, classroom activities, and self-study materials. It also emphasizes the development of soft skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and interpersonal communication.By mastering the content of this textbook, CNPC professionals can significantly improve their English communication abilities, enabling them to effectively participate in international projects, collaborate with global partners, and stay abreast of the latest industry trends.中文回答：中石油高级职称英语教材涵盖了石油行业专业人士必备的广泛主题。
中石化英语分级测试机职称英语考试资料(阅读明白得)
中国石化英语分级测试第一篇 How to be Happy 如何取得幸福.......................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第二篇 City Design 城市设计................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第三篇 Population 人口........................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
第四篇 Earthquake 地震...................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第五篇 The Aftermath of BP Fulf Oil Spill----英国石油公司墨西哥湾原油泄漏... 错误!未定义书签。
第六篇Green Computers“绿色’’电脑......................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第七篇 Cell Phones电话..................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第八篇 Touch Tech触屏技术................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第九篇 Fossil Fuels and Our Life化石燃料与咱们的生活....................... 错误!未定义书签。
第十篇 Carbon Emissions碳排放.............................................. 错误!未定义书签。
第十一篇 Marine Pollution海洋污染........................................... 错误!未定义书签。
中石油职称英语考试通用选读2016版1-10课
- .中石油职称英语考试2016版通用选读目录1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management (1)work Security 网络安全 (2)3.All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的... .. (4)4.How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判 (5)5.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料 (7)6.Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车 (9)7.Our Family Creed 家族的信条 (11)8.The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术 (13)10.The Dress Code for Office Life 办公室的着装礼仪 (17)1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则If you are asked to chair a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management.如果要求你主持一个会议，记住以下有关主持会议的六大准则。
1.Always start the meeting on time. If you begin on time, group members who show up late will realize the value of time. Beginning on time reflects skill as an effective time manager and sets a precedent for others to follow.1、总要准时开会。
如果你准时开始，晚到的与会者意识到时间的价值。
中石化职称英语(高级含教授级)汉译英复习材料(通用+炼化工程)
U1 How to be happy1、吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和有很大影响。
Noisy neighbors are one of the major causes of domestic upset.2、在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪。
A colleague at work who bullies or dismisses us creates untold wretchedness.3、我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。
We can never fully adapt to hostile relationships, which inevitably damage our wellbeing.4、如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。
If this bad mood stays inside our mind, it will lead us to an unresolved destructive depression.5、我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。
We should not avoid these problems but face them instead.U21、随着大量市民被迫迁到遥远的效外，汽车的需求量正在飞涨。
The demand for cars is soaring as growing numbers of citizens are pushed into distant suburbs.2、生态城市将把传统设计要素同最先进的绿色技术相结合。
The eco-city will combine elements of traditional design with the latest green technologies.3、预计到2010年将有一千辆燃料电池车投入使用，而到2012年将增至一万辆。
中石油职称英语考试通用选读2016版51-60课
51. Those Fascinating Northern Lights 迷人的北极光1. At 10:00 p.m. on March 23，1969, the Bowater Power Water pany in Deer Lake, Newfoundland experienced a disturbance on its system. The frequency converter at er Brook tripped off, shutting down half of the big paper mill. There was a radio blackout over most of the Atlantic Provinces. And acpanying these activities was a magnificient display of northern lights —boiling up out of the north and hanging in bundles of long rays like draperies across the sky. Ninety-three million miles away, a rather ugly looking sunspot was making its way across the disc of the sun.1、1969年3月23曰晚上10点，保华特水电公司（the Bowater Power Water pany)位于纽芬兰（Newfoundland)鹿湖的设备系统出现了异常；科纳布鲁克（erBrook)的变频器跳间，使得一半的大造纸厂停产；大西洋沿岸各省的无线电中断。
伴随这些异常出现的还有辉煌的北极光——从北面喷涌而出，一束束巨大的光束像帷幔一般遮盖了整个天际。
9300万英里之外，一个相形见绌的太阳黑子出现在太阳的圆盘上。
中石油职称英语教材(2011)
1.English is a Crazy Language英语是一门疯狂的语言1.Let's face it-English is a crazy language.There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger;neither apple nor pine in pineapple.English muffins weren't invented in England nor French fries in France.Sweetmeats are candies while sweetbreads,which aren't sweet,are meat.1.让我们接受现实吧--英语是一种疯狂的语言。
茄子（eggplant，字面意为鸡蛋植物）里并没有鸡蛋，汉堡包（hamburger，字面意为火腿夹饼）里也没有火腿。
同样，菠萝（pineapple，字面意为松树苹果）里既没有松鼠也没有苹果。
松饼（English muffin，字面意为英式松饼）并不是英国人发明的，而炸薯条（French fries，字面意为法式油炸食品）也不是法国人的发明。
“甜肉”（sweetmeat）指的是蜜饯，而“甜面包”（sweetbread）不是甜的，它指的是牛杂碎。
2.We take English for granted.But if we explore its paradoxes,we find that quicksand can work slowly,boxing rings are square and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig.And why it is that writers write but fingers don't fing,grocers don't groce and hammers don't ham?If the plural of tooth is teeth,why isn't the plural of booth beeth?If you have one goose,two geese,why not one moose,two meese,or one index,two indices?2.我们理所当然地接受了英语的一切，但是如果我们分析一下英语中似是而非的情况，我们马上就会发现“快的沙子”（quicksand，流沙，也指陷阱，困境）往往走得很慢，“拳击的圆圈”（boxing rings，拳击场）是方的，“几内亚猪”（guinea pig，天竺鼠）既不是来自几内亚，也不是猪。
中国石油职称英语考试通用教材
1. President Hu Urges Efforts to Ensure Global Energy Security.（胡锦涛主席敦促国际社会协同努力保障全球能源安全）1. The international community should take joint efforts to ensure global energy security, Chinese President Hu Jintao said in St. Petersburg, Russia on July 17.2. "To ensure global energy security, we need to develop and implement a new energy security concept that calls for mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified forms of development and common energy security through coordination," Hu said in a written speech to the outreach session of the G8 summit.3. While global energy security is crucial to the economic growth and people's livelihood of all countries, the world peace and stability, and common development, "few countries can achieve energy security without joining in international cooperation," he stressed.4. In this regard, efforts should be made in the following three priority areas, Hu said.5. First, cooperation should be enhanced for mutual benefit in energy development and utilization.6. "To ensure global energy security, it is important to strengthen dialogue and cooperation between energy exporters and consumers and among major energy consumers," he said.7. He urged the international community to strengthen policy coordination and improve mechanisms for monitoring the international energy market and responding to energy emergencies.8. Second, a system for R&D and extension of advanced energy technologies needs to be put in place, Hu said.9. International cooperation should be promoted in R&D of key technologies in renewable energies, hydrogen power, nuclear power and other energy resources, and energy-saving technology should also be promoted, he said.10. Third, efforts should be made to maintain a sound political climate favorable to energy security and stability, Hu said.11. "We should join hands to safeguard stability of energy-producing countries and regions, the Middle East in particular," he said. "Energy issues should not be politicized, still less should countries willfully resort to force in tackling energy issues."12. Hu also explained China's energy strategy that can be summarized as follows: Give high priority to conservation, rely mainly on domestic supply, develop diverse energy resources, protect the environment, step up international cooperation of mutual benefit and ensure the stable supply of economical and clean energies.13. Hu pledged that China, as a major energy consumer and producer, "will make proper use of the international energy market and strengthen win-win cooperation with other energy producers and consumers on the basis of equality and mutual benefit to jointly safeguard global energy security."1、中国国家主席胡锦涛七月十七日在俄罗斯圣彼得堡发表讲话说，国际社会应该共同努力，保障全球能源安全。
中石化职称英语资料-简化版26p
So，why is happiness contagious? One reason may be that happy people share their good fortune with their friends and family (for example，by being pragmatically helpful or financially generous). Another reason could be that happy people tend tochange their behaviour for the better by being nicer or less hostile to those close tothem. Or it could just be that positive emotions are highly contagious.
中石油、中石化职称英语考试参考用书
第一部分通用英语Part OneEnglish for General PurposesUNIT 1 How to be Happy如何获得幸福TextRead the text. Answer the given questions and translate the underlined sentences or paragraphs into Chinese.In the past two weeks we have looked at the happiness formula defined by positive psychologist Martin Seligman, where H (happiness) = S (your biological set point for feeling happy) + C (the conditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make). This week we look at the conditions in life that can improve our happiness quotient.Step 1: Peace and quietJonathon Haidt in his excellent book, The Happiness Hypothesis, notes that research shows that we can never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution. Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses (the other is the fear of falling) and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise. It is essential to have some peace and quiet every day. If you areunfortunate enough to live somewhere noisy, persist with complaining to your local council. Additionally, try wearing wax earplugs to have some respite. If you need your TV, radio or music up loud, wearing headphones demonstrates altruism to your neighbours, which will make you and them feel good.Step 2: RelationshipsThis is the most important of all the external conditions that can improve your happiness quotient. Often our deepest sources of unhappiness are found in poor relationships with others. A cruelly conflictual relationship with a partner or lover leaves us feeling betrayed and abandoned. A relationship with our parents or children which is not based on compassionate, unconditional regard creates isolation and misery. When faced with such relationships, the most positive thing we can do is to either mend the relationship by confronting what is going wrong or learn to move on.Step 3: ShareIf you have discovered conditions or choices in life that have significantly improved your wellbeing, remember to share them with friends. Passing on what works is essential to improve the wellbeing of our own and others.1. What's the happiness formula according to the passage?2. Why can we never completely adapt to new or chronicnoise pollution?3. How could we make both ourselves and the neighbors feel good?4. Where does the unhappiness come from?5. What is the positive way to face with the cruelly conflictual relationship?ExercisesA. Translate the following sentences into English.1．吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和(domestic upset)有很大影响。