2013年6月英语六级真题及答案

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2013年6月英语六级快速阅读原文答案及点评

2013年6月英语六级快速阅读原文答案及点评2013年6月大学英语六级考试Part II Reading Comprehension快速阅读原文+答案+点评Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Welcome,Freshmen. Have an iPod.Taking a step that many professors may view as a bit counterproductive, some colleges and universities are doling out Apple iPhones and Internet-capable iPods to their students.The always-on Internet devices raise some novel possibilities, like tracking where students gather together. With far less controversy, colleges could send messages about canceled classes, delayed buses, campus crises or just the cafeteria menu.While schools emphasize its usefulness —online research in class and instant polling of students, for example —a big part of the attraction is, undoubtedly, that the iPhone is cool and a hit with students. Being equipped with one of the most recent cutting-edge IT products could just help a college or university foster a cutting-edge reputation.Apple stands to win as well, hooking more young consumers with decades of technology purchases ahead of them. The lone losers, some fear, could be professors.Students already have laptops and cell phones, of course, but the newest devices can take class distractions to a new level. They practically beg a user to ignore the long-suffering professor strug gling to pass on accumulated wisdom from the front of the room — a prospect that teachers find most irritating and students view as, well, inevitable.“When it gets a little boring, I might pull it out,”acknowledged Naomi Pugh, a first-year student at Freed-Hardeman University in Henderson, Term., referring to her new iPod Touch, which can connect to the Internet over a campus wireless network. She speculated that professors might try even harder to make classes interesting if they were to compete with the devices.Experts see a movement toward the use of mobile technology in education, though they say it is in its infancy as professors try to come up with useful applications. Providing powerful handheld devices is sure to fuel debates over the role of technology in higher education.“We think this is the way the future is going to work,”said Kyle Dickson, co-director of research and the mobile learning initiative at Abilene Christian University in Texas, which has bought more than 600 iPhones and 300 iPods for students entering this fall.Although plenty of students take their laptops to class, they don’t take them everywhere and would prefer something lighter. Abilene Christian settled on the devices after surveying students and finding that they did not like hauling around their laptops, but that most of them always carried a cell phone, Dr. Dickson said.It is not clear how many colleges and universities plan to give out iPhones and iPods this fall; officials at Apple were unwilling to talk about the subject and said that they would not leak any institution’s plans.“We can’t announce other people’s news,”said Greg Joswiak, vice president of iPod and iPhone marketing at Apple. He also said that he could not discuss discounts to universities for bulk purchases.At least four institutions —the University of Maryland, Oklahoma Christian University, Abilene Christian and Freed-Hardeman —have announced that they will give the devices to some or all of their students this fall.Other universities are exploring their options. Stanford University has hired a student-run company to design applications like a campus map and directory for the iPhone. It is considering whether to issue iPhones but not sure it, snecessary, noting that more than 700 iPhones were registered on the university’s network last year.At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, iPhones might already have been everywhere, ifAT&T, the wireless carrier offering the iPhone in the United States, had a more reliable network, said Andrew Yu, mobile devices platform project manager at M.I.T.“We would have probably gone ahead with this, maybe just getting a thousand iPhones and giving them out,”Mr. Yusaid.The University of Maryland at College Park is proceeding cautiously, giving the iPhone or iPod Touch to 150 students, said Jeffrey Huskamp, vice president and chief information officer at the university. “We don’t think that we have all the answers,”Mr. Huskamp said. By observing how students use the gadgets, he said, “We’re trying to get answers from the students.”At each college, the students who choose to get an iPhone must pay for mobile phone service. Those service contracts include unlimited data use. Both the iPhones and the iPod Touch devices can connect to the Internet through campus wireless networks. With the iPhone, those networks may provide faster connections and longer battery life than AT&T’s data network. Many cell phones allow users to surf the Web, but only some newer ones are capable of wireless connection to the local area computer network.University officials say that they have no plans to track their students (and Apple said it would not be possible unless students give their permission). They say that they are drawn to the prospect of learning applications outside the classroom, though such lesson plans have yet to surface.“My colleagues and I are studying something called augmented reality (a field of computer research dealing with the combination of real-world and virtual reality),”said Christopher Dede, professor in learning technologies at Harvard University. “Alien Contact,”for example, is an exercise developed for middle-school students who use hand-held devices that can determine their location. As they walk around a playground or other area, text, video or audio pops up at various points to help them try to figure out why aliens were in the schoolyard.“You can imagine similar kinds of interactive activities along historical lines,”like following the Freedom Trail in Boston, Professor Dede said. “It’s important that we do research, so that we know how well something like this works.”The rush to distribute the devices worries some professors, who say that students are less likely toparticipate in class if they are multi-tasking. “I’m not someone who’s anti-technology, but I,m always worried that technology becomes an end in and of itself, and it replaces teaching or it replaces analysis,,’said Ellen Millender, associate professor of classics at Reed College in Portland, Ore. (She added that she hoped to buy an iPhone for herself once prices fall.)Robert Summers, who has taught at Cornell Law School for about 40 years, announced this week —in a detailed, footnoted memorandum —that he would ban laptop computers from his class on contract law.“I would ban that too if I knew the students were using it in class,”Professor Summers said of the iPhone, after the device and its capabilities were explained to him. “What we want to encour age in these students is an active intellectual experience, in which they develop the wide range of complex reasoning abilities required of good lawyers.”The experience at Duke University may ease some concerns. A few years ago, Duke began giving iPods to students with the idea that they might use them to record lectures (these older models could not access the Internet).“We had assumed that the biggest focus of these devices would be consuming the content,”said Tracy Futhey, vice president for information technology and chief information officer at Duke.But that is not all that the students did. They began using the iPods to create their own “content,”making audio recordings of themselves and presenting them. The students turned what could have been a passive interaction into an active one, Ms. Futhey said.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2013年6月英语六级听力试题及答案

2013年6月英语六级听力试题及答案2013年6月英语六级听力原文Section A11.A) Why his phone had been disconnected.B) Why she could not get through to him.C) Why he didn't leave her a message.D) Why he refused to answer her call.12.A) The houses within his price range are sold out.B) Most people in this city want to own a home.C) He has difficulty finding affordable housing.D) The woman should rent a nicer apartment.13.A) The woman would like the man to take care of her mail.B) The woman has put the number into everyone's mailbox.C) The new copy machine can meet everyone's needs.D) A code number is necessary to run the copy machine.14.A) He will stop work to take care of the baby.B) He will find a job near his home next year.C) His wife is going to give birth to a baby.D) His wife will leave her work soon.15.A) The shopping center is flooded with people.B) They will come to the mall some other day.C) Parking in this city is a horrible nightmare.D) She will wait for the man at the south gate.16.A) He will be back in a minute to repair the computers.B) It will take longer to reconnect the computers to the Net.C) He has tackled more complicated problems than this.D) A lot of cool stuff will be available online tomorrow.17.A) She forgot to call her mother.B) Prof. Smith gives lectures regularly on TV.C) Her mother is a friend of Prof. Smith's.D) She did see Prof. Smith on TV.18.A) The man has to wait to get his medicine.B) The store doesn't have the prescribed medicine.C) The man has to go to see his doctor again.D) The prescription is not written clearly enough.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) It is advertising electronic products.B) It is planning to tour East Asia.C) It is sponsoring a TV programme.D) It is giving performances in town.20.A) A lot of good publicity.B) Talented artists to work for it.C) Long-term investments.D) A decrease in production costs.21.A) Promise long-term cooperation with the Company.B) Explain frankly their own current financial situation.C) Pay for the printing of the performance programme.D) Bear the cost of publicising the Company's performance. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A) He has been seeing doctors and counsellors.B) He has found a new way to train his voice.C) He was caught abusing drugs.D) He might give up concert tours.23.A) Singers may become addicted to it.B) It helps singers warm themselves up.C) Singers use it to stay away from colds.D) It can do harm to singers' vocal chords.24.A) They are eager to become famous.B) Many lack professional training.C) Few will become successful.D) They live a glamorous life.25.A) Harm to singers done by smoky atmospheres.B) Side effects of some common drugs.C) V oice problems among pop singers.D)Hardships experienced bySection BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26.A) It has not been very successful.B) It has long become a new trend.C) It has met with strong resistance.D) It has attracted a lot of users.27.A) It saves time.B) It increases parking capacity.C) It ensures drivers' safety.D) It reduces car damage.28.A) Collect money and help new users.B) Maintain the automated system.C) Stay alert to any emergency.D) Walk around and guard against car theft.29.A) They will vary with the size of vehicles.B) They will be discountable to regular customers.C) They will be lower than conventional parking.D) They will be reduced if paid in cash.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have justheard. 30.A) Half of the methane in the atmosphere is from animals.B) Methane has become the chief source of greenhouse gas.C) Consumer behavior may be influenced by the environment.D) Meat consumption has an adverse effect on the environment.31.A) It takes time for the human body to get used to it.B) It lacks the vitamins and minerals essential for health.C) It enhances immunity to certain diseases.D) It helps people to live a much longer life.32.A) Produce green food.B) Waste no food.C) Quit eating meats.D) Grow vegetables.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.A) They do not know any solution.B) They do not give up drunk driving.C) They do not behave in public places.D) They do not admit being alcohol addicts.34.A) To stop them from fighting back.B) To thank them for their hospitality.C) To teach them the European lifestyle.D) To relieve their pains and sufferings.35.A) Without intervention they will be a headache to the nation.B) With support they can be brought back to a normal life.C) They readily respond to medical treatment.D)They pose a serious threat to social stability.Section CSelf-image is the picture you have of yourself, the sort of person you believe you are. (36)______ in your self-image are the (37)______ in which you place yourself, the roles you play, and other(38)______ descriptors you use-to identify yourself. If you tell an (39)______you are a grandfather who (40)______ lost his wife and who does (41)______ work on weekends, several elements of your self-image are brought to light -the roles of grandparent, widower, and conscientious (42)______.But self-image is more than how you picture yourself; it also involves how others see you. Three types of feedback fromothers are (43)______ of how they see us: confirmation, rejection, and disconfirmation. Confirmation occurs when others treat you in a manner consistent with who you believe you are.(44)_______________________. On the other hand, rejection occurs when others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with your self-definition. Pierre Salinger was appointed senator from California but subsequently lost his first election.(45)_______________________ - their vote was inconsistent with hisself-concept. The third type of feedback is disconfirmation, which occurs when others fail to respond to your notion of self by responding neutrally.(46)_______________________. Rather than relying on how others classify you,consider how you identify yourself. The way in which you identify reflection of your self-image.答案11-15 BCDAA16-20 BDCBA21-25 CDDBC26-30 ABABD31-35 BCDAB36. Included37. categories38. similar39. acquaintance40. recently41. volunteer42. citizen43. indicative44. You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team45. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise46.A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks。

2013年6月大学英语六级真题

2013年6月大学英语六级真题Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11. A) She has completely recovered.B) She went into shock after an operation.C) She is still in a critical condition.D) She is getting much better.12. A) Ordering a breakfast. C) Buying a train ticket.B) Booking a hotel room. D) Fixing a compartment.13. A) Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B) The man is the only one who brought her book back.C) She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D) Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.14. A) She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B) She attended the supermarket’s grand opening ceremony.C) She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D) She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.15. A) He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B) He cannot do his report without a computer.C) He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D) He feels sorry to have missed the report.16. A) Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B) The gallery space is big enough for the man’s paintings.C) The woman would like to help with the exibition layout.D) The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.17. A) The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B) The man works in the same department as the woman does.C) The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D) The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.18. A) It was better than the previous one.B) It distorted the mayor’s speech.C) It exaggerated the city’s economy problems.D) It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To inform him of a problem they face.B) To request him to purchase control desks.C) To discuss the content of a project report.D) To ask him to fix the dictating machine.20. A) They quote the best price in the market.B) They manufacture and sell office furniture.C) They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D) They cannot produce the steel sheets needed21. A) By marking down the unit price.B) By accepting the penalty clauses.C) By allowing more time for delivery.D) By promising better after-sales service.22. A) Give the customer a ten percent discount.B) Claim compensation from the stool suppliers.C) Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D) Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Stockbroker. C) Mathematician.B) Physicist. D) Economist.24. A) Improve computer programming.B) Predict global population growth.C) Explain certain natural phenomena.D) Promote national financial health.25. A) Their different educational backgrounds.B) Changing attitudes toward nature.C) Chaos theory and its applications.D) The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

2013年6月六级考试真题(第3套)

2013年6月六级考试真题（第三套）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s need, but not every man’sgreed.” You can cite e xamples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150words but no more than 200 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1–7, choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8–10, complete the sentenceswith the information given in the passage.Norman Borlaug: ‘Father of the Green Revolution’Few people have quietly changed the world for the better more than this rural lad from the midwestern state of Iowa in the United States. The man in focus is Norman Borlaug, the Father of the ‗Green Revolution‘, who died on September 12, 2009 at age 95. Norman Borlaug spent most of his 60 working years in the farmlands of Mexico, South Asia and later in Africa, fighting world hunger, and saving by some estimates up to a billion lives in the process. An achievement, fit for a Nobel Peace Prize.Early Years―I‘m a product of the great depression‖ is how Borlaug described himself. A great-grandson of Norwegian immigrants to the United States, Borlaug was born in 1914 and grew up on a small farm in the northeastern corner of Iowa in a town called Cresco. His family had a 40-hectrare（公顷）farm on which they grew wheat, maize（玉米）and hay and raised pigs and cattle. Norman spent most of his time from age 7-17 on the farm, even as he attended a one-room, one-teacher school at New Oregon in Howard County.Borlaug didn‘t have money to go to college. But through a Great Depression era programme, known as the National Youth Administration, Borlaug was able to enroll in University of Minnesota at Minneapolis to study forestry. He excelled in studies and received his Ph.D. in plant pathology（病理学）and genetics in 1942.From 1942 to 1944, Borlaug was employed as a microbiologist at DuPont in Wilmington. However, following the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, Borlaug tried to join the military, but was rejected under wartime labour regulations.In MexicoIn 1944, many experts warned of mass starvation in developing nations where populations were expanding faster than crop production. Borlaug began work at a RockefellerFoundation-funded project in Mexico to increase wheat production by developing higher-yielding varieties of the crop. It involved research in genetics, plant breeding, plant pathology, entomology （昆虫学），agronomy（农艺学）, soil science, and cereal technology. The goal of the project was to boost wheat production in Mexico, which at the time was importing a large portion of its grain.Borlaug said that his first couple of years in Mexico were difficult. He lacked trained scientists and equipment. Native farmers were hostile towards the wheat programme because of serious crop losses from 1939 to 1941 due to stem rust.Wheat varieties that Borlaug worked with had tall, thin stalks. While taller wheat competed better for sunlight, they had a tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain — a trait called lodging. To overcome this, Borlaug worked on breeding wheat with shorter and stronger stalks, which could hold on larger seed heads. Borlaug‘s new semi-dwarf, disease-resistant varieties, called Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62, changed the potential yield of Mexican wheat dramatically. By 1963 wheat production in Mexico stood six times more than that of 1944.Green Revolution in IndiaDuring the 1960s, South Asia experienced severe drought condition and India had been importing wheat on a large scale from the United States. Borlaug came to India in 1963 along with Dr. Robert Anderson to duplicate his Mexican success in the sub-continent. The experiments began with planting a few of the high-yielding variety strains in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa in New Delhi, under the supervision of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan. These strains were subsequently planted in test plots at Ludhiana, Pantnagar, Kanpur, Pune and Indore. The results were promising, but large-scale success, however, was not instant. Cultural opposition to new agricultural techniques initially prevented Borlaug from going ahead with planting of new wheat strains in India. By 1965, when the drought situation turned alarming, the Government took the lead and allowed wheat revolution to move forward. By employing agricultural techniques he developed in Mexico, Borlaug was able to nearly double South Asian wheat harvests between 1965 and 1970.India subsequently made a huge commitment to Mexican wheat, importing some 18,000 tonnes of seed. By 1968, it was clear that the Indian wheat harvest was nothing short ofrevolutionary. It was so productive that there was a shortage of labour to harvest it, of bull carts to haul it to the threshing floor（打谷场）, of jute（黄麻）bags to store it. Local governments in some areas were forced to shut down schools temporarily to use them as store houses.United Nation‘s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) observed that in 40 years between 1961 and 2001, ―India more than doubled its population, from 452 million to more than 1 billion. At the same time, it nearly tripled its grain production from 87 million tonnes to 231 million tonnes. It accomplished this feat while increasing cultivated grain acreage（土地面积）a mere 8 percent.‖It was in India that Norman Borlaug‘s work was described as the ‗Green Revolution.‘In AfricaAfrica suffered widespread hunger and starvation through the 70s and 80s. Food and aid poured in from most developed countries into the continent, but thanks to the absence of efficient distribution system, the hungry remained empty-stomach. The then Chairman of the Nippon Foundation, Ryoichi Sasakawa wondered why the methods used in Mexico and India were not extended to Africa. He called up Norman Borlaug, now leading a semi-retired life, for help. He managed to convince Borlaug to help with his new effort and subsequently founded the Sasakawa Africa Association. Borlaug later recalled, ―but after I saw the terrible circumstances there, I said, ‗Let‘s just start growing‘‖.The success in Africa was not as spectacular as it was in India or Mexico. Those elements that allowed Borlaug‘s projects to succeed, such as well-organized economies and transportation and irrigation systems, were severely lacking throughout Africa. Because of this, Borlaug‘s initial projects were restricted to developed regions of the continent. Nevertheless, yields of maize, sorghum（高粱）and wheat doubled between 1983 and 1985.Nobel PrizeFor his contributions to the world food supply, Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970. Norwegian officials notified his wife in Mexico City at 4:00 a.m., but Borlaug had already left for the test fields in the Toluca valley, about 65km west of Mexico City. A chauffeur（司机）took her to the fields to inform her husband. In his acceptance speech, Borlaug said, ―the first essential component of social justice is adequate food for all mankind. Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world. Yet, 50 percent of the world population goes hungry.‖Green Revolution vs EnvironmentalistsBorlaug‘s advocacy of intensive high-yield agriculture came under severe criticism from environmentalists in recent years. His work faced environmental and socio-economic criticisms, including charges that his methods have created dependence on monoculture crops, unsustainable farming practices, heavy indebtedness among subsistence farmers, and high levels of cancer among those who work with agriculture chemicals. There are also concerns about the long-term sustainability of farming practices encouraged by the Green Revolution in both the developed and the developing world.In India, the Green Revolution is blamed for the destruction of India crop diversity, drought vulnerability, dependence on agro-chemicals that poison soils but reap large-scale benefits mostly to the American multi-national corporations. What these critics overwhelmingly advocate is a global movement towards ―organic‖ or ―sustainable‖ farming practices that avoid using chemicals and high technology in favour of natural fertilizers, cultivation and pest-control porgrammes.1. Norman Borlaug won a Nobel Prize for ______.A) his remarkable achievements in plant geneticsB) his spectacular contribution to safeguarding world peaceC) his great success in raising Africa‘s food productionD) his enduring efforts in combating world hunger2. How did Borlaug‘s wheat programme go during his first couple of years in Mexico?A) It met with resistance. C) It achieved unexpected progress.B) It was well received. D) It succeeded though with difficulty.3. What characterised Borlaug‘s Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62?A) Superior ability to breed new high-yielding varieties.B) Short and strong stems and resistance to diseases.C) Tall and thin stems and extremely large seed heads.D) Tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain.4. What initially prevented Borlaug from achieving large-scale success in India?A) Farmer s‘ rejection of his planting techniques.B) The persistent drought throughout the country.C) Difficulty in importing high-yielding wheat seeds.D) The local government‘s slowness in taking action.5. According to United Nation‘s Food and Agriculture Organization, in 40 years between 1961 and 2001 India‘s grain production ______.A) almost doubled C) increased nearly three timesB) went up by 8 percent D) rose from 452 million to 1 billion tonnes6. Borlaug‘s success in Africa was not as spectacular as in India or Mexico because ______.A) the local farmers were uneducated and conservativeB) Africa‘s climate conditions were very differentC) his project in Africa was not properly managedD) Africa lacked the necessary supporting facilities7. What did Borlaug emphasise in his Nobel Prize acceptance speech?A) Abundance of food supply will contribute to world peace and stability.B) The Green Revolution will provide adequate food for all mankind.C) Adequate food for all mankind is essential in ensuring social justice.D) Without the Green Revolution half of the world population would starve.8. In recent years Borlaug‘s Green Revolution has been attacked by ______.9. In both developed and developing counties these are concerns whether in the long run Borlaug‘s farming practices will be ______.10. In India, critics attribute the destruction of Indian crop diversity to ______.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements inthe fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Oil is the substance that lubricates the world‘s economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil, nations, corporations, and institutions that control the trade in oil exercise extraordinary power. The ―energy crisis‖ of 1973-1974 in the United States demonstrated how the price of oil can affect U.S. government policies and the energy-using habits of the nation.By 1973, domestic U.S. sources of oil were peaking, and the nation was importing more of its oil, depending on a constant flow from abroad to keep cars on the road and machines running. In addition, at that time a greater percentage of homes and electrical plants were run on petroleum than today. Then, in 1973, the predominantly Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) resolved to stop selling oil to the United States. The move was prompted by OPEC‘s desire to raise prices by restricting supply and by its opposition to U.S.support of Israel in the Arab-Israeli Yom Kippur War. The embargo (禁运) created panic in the West and caused oil prices to shoot up. Short-term oil shortages drove American consumers to wait in long lines at gas pumps.In response to the embargo, the U.S. government enforced a series of policies designed to reduce reliance on foreign oil. These included developing additional domestic sources (such as those on Alaska‘s North Slope), resuming extraction at sites that had b een shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that domestic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations. The government also established a stockpile (贮存) of oil as a short-term buffer (缓冲) against future shortages. Stored underground in large salt caves in Louisiana, this stockpile is called the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and currently contains over 600 million barrels of oil, roughly equivalent to one month‘s supply.47. We learn from the passage that in today‘s world, whoever monopolizes the oil market will beable to______________.48. Oil prices may exert influence not only on American government policies but on how energy______________.49. Besi des the sharp increase in oil prices, OPEC‘s 1973 oil embargo caused______________.50. Over the years before the OPEC‘s embargo America had depended heavily on ______________.51. As a measure to counter future shortages, the American government decided to______________ in caves underground.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.―Depression‖ is more than a serious economic downturn. What distinguishes a depres sion from a harsh recession is paralyzing fear—fear of the unknown so great that it causes consumers, businesses, and investors to retreat and panic. They save up cash and desperately cut spending. They sell stocks and other assets. A shattering loss of confidence inspires behavior that overwhelms the normal self-correcting mechanisms that usually prevent a recession from becoming deep and prolonged: a depression.Comparing 1929 with 2007-09, Christina Romer, the head of President Obama‘s Council of Economic Advisers, finds the initial blow to confidence far greater now than then. True, stock prices fell a third from September to December 1929, but fewer Americans then owned stocks. Moreover, home prices barely dropped. From December 1928 to December 1929, total household wealth declined only 3%. By contrast, the loss in household wealth between December 2007 and December 2008 was 17%. Both stocks and homes, more widely held, dropped more. Thus traumatized(受到创伤)，the economy might have gone into a free fall ending in depression. Indeed, it did go into free fall. Shoppers refrained from buying cars, appliances, and other big-ticket items. Spending on such ―durables‖ dro pped at a 12% annual rate in 2008‘s thi rd quarter, a 20% rate in the fourth. And businesses shelved investment projects.That these huge declines didn‘t lead to depression mainly reflects, as Romer argues, counter-measures taken by the government. Private markets for goods, services, labor, and securities do mostly self-correct, but panic feeds on itself and disarms these stabilizing tendencies. In this situation, only government can protect the economy as a whole, because most individuals and companies are involved in the self-defeating behavior of self-protection.Government‘s failure to perform this role in the early 1930s transformed recession into depression. Scholars will debate which interventions this time —the Federal Reserve‘s support of a failing credit system, guarantees of bank debt, Obama‘s ―stimulus‖ pl an and bank ―stress test‖—counted most in preventing a recurrence. Regardless, all these complex measures had the same psychological purpose: to reassure people that the free fall would stop and, thereby, curb the fear that would perpetuate (使持久) a free fall.All this improved confidence. But the consumer sentiment index remains weak, and all the rebound has occurred in Americans‘evaluation of future economic conditions, not the present.Unemployment (9.8%) is abysmal (糟透的)，the recovery‘s strength unclear. Here, too, there is an echo from the 1930s. Despite bottoming out in 1933，the Depression didn‘t end until World War II. Some government policies aided recovery; some hindered it. The good news today is that the bad news is not worse.52. Why do consumers, businesses and investors retreat and panic in times of depression?A) They suffer great losses in stocks, property and other assets.B) They find the self-correcting mechanisms dysfunctioning.C) They are afraid the normal social order will be paralyzed.D) They don‘t know what is going to happen in the future.53. What does Christina Romer say about the current economic recession?A) Its severity is no match for the Great Depression of 1929.B) Its initial blow to confidence far exceeded that of 1929.C) It has affected house owners more than stock holders.D) It has resulted in a free fall of the prices of commodities.54. Why didn‘t the current recession turn into a depression according to Christina Romer?A) The government intervened effectively.B) Private markets corrected themselves.C) People refrained from buying durables and big-ticket items.D) Individuals and companies adopted self-protection measures.55. What is the chief purpose of all the countermeasures taken?A) To create job opportunities. C) To stimulate domestic consumption.B) To curb the fear of a lasting free fall. D) To rebuild the credit system.56. What does the author think of today‘s economic situation?A) It may worsen without further stimulation. C) It has not gone from bad to worse.B) It will see a rebound sooner or later. D) It does not give people reason for pessimism.Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.―Usually when we walk through the rain forest we hear a soft sound from all the moist leaves and organic debris on the forest floor,‖ says ecologist Daniel Nepstad. ―Now we increasingly get rustle and crunch. That‘s the sound of a dying forest.‖Predictions of the collapse of the tropical rain forests have been around for years. Yet until recently the worst forecasts were almost exclusively linked to direct human activity, such as clear-cutting and burning for pastures or farms. Left alone, it was assumed, the world‘s rain forests would not only flourish but might even rescue us from disaster by absorbing the excess carbon dioxide and other planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now it turns out that may be wishful thinking. Some scientists believe that the rise in carbon levels means that the Amazon and other rain forests in Asia and Africa may go from being assets in the battle against rising temperatures to liabilities. Amazon plants, for instance, hold more than 100 billion metric tons of carbon, equal to 15 years of tailpipe and chimney emissions. If the collapse of the rain forests speeds up dramatically, it could eventually release 3.5-5 billion metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year — making forests the leading source of greenhouse gases.Uncommonly severe droughts brought on by global climate change have led to forest-eating wildfires from Australia to Indonesia, but nowhere more acutely than in the Amazon. Some experts say that the rain forest is already at the brink of collapse.Extreme weather and reckless development are plotting against the rain forest in ways that scientists have never seen. Trees need more water as temperatures rise, but the prolonged droughts have robbed them of moisture, making whole forests easily cleared of trees and turned into farmland. The picture worsens with each round of El Niño, the unusually warm currents in the Pacific Ocean that drive up temperatures and invariably presage (预示）droughts and fires in the rain forest. Runaway fires pour even more carbon into the air, which increases temperatures, starting the whole vicious cycle all over again.More than paradise lost, a perishing rain forest could trigger a domino effect—sending winds and rains kilometers off course and loading the skies with even greater levels of greenhouse gases—that will be felt far beyond the Amazon basin. In a sense, we are already getting a glimpse of what‘s to come. Each burning season in the Amazon, fi res deliberately set by frontier settlersand developers hurl up almost half a billion metric tons of carbon a year, placing Brazil among the top five contributors to greenhouse gases in the world.57. We learn from the first paragraph that _______.A) dead leaves and tree debris make the same soundB) trees that are dying usually give out a soft moanC) organic debris echoes the sounds in a rain forestD) the sound of a forest signifies its health condition58. In the second paragraph, the author challenges the view that _______.A) the collapse of rain forests is caused by direct human interferenceB) carbon emissions are the leading cause of current global warmingC) the condition of rain forests has been rapidly deterioratingD) rain forests should not be converted into pastures or farms59. The author argues that the rising carbon levels in rain forests may _______.A) turn them into a major source of greenhouse gasesB) change the weather patterns throughout the worldC) pose a threat to wildlifeD) accelerate their collapse60. What has made it easier to turn some rain forests into farmland?A) Rapid rise in carbon levels.B) Reckless land development.C) Lack of rainfall resulting from global warming.D) The unusual warm currents in the Pacific Ocean.61. What makes Brazil one of the world‘s top five contributors to greenhouse gases?A) The domino effect triggered by the perishing rain forests.B) Its practice of burning forests for settlement and development.C) The changed patterns of winds and rains in the Amazon area.D) Its inability to curb the carbon emissions from industries.Part V Cloze(15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choosethe ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.The continuous presentation of scary stories aboutglobal warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it 62 our kids.Al Gore famously 63 how a sea-level rise of 20 feet would almost completely flood Florida, New York, Holland, and Shanghai, 64 the United Nations says that such a thing will not even happen, 65 that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that.When 66 with these exaggerations, some of us say that they are for a good cause, and surely 67 is no harm done if the result is that we focus even more on tackling climate change.This 68 is astonishingly wrong. Such exaggerations do plenty of harm. Worrying 69 about global warming means that we worry less about other things, where we could do so much more good. We focus, 70 , on global warming‘s impact on malaria(疟疾) –which will put slightly more people at 71 in 100 years –instead of tackling the half a billion people 72 from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more effective than carbon reduction would be.73 also wears out the public‘s willingness to tackle global warming. If the planet is 74 , people wonder, why do 62. A) exhausts C) terrifiesB) suppresses D) disgusts63. A) dismissed C) depositedB) distracted D) depicted64. A) as if C) in thatB) even though D) in case65. A) measuring C) estimatingB) signifying D) extracting66. A) confronted C) equippedB) identified D) entrusted67. A) such C) whatB) there D) which68. A) morality C) argumentB) interaction D) dialogue69. A) prevalently C) expressivelyB) predictably D) excessively70. A) for example C) by contrastB) in addition D) in short71. A) will C) easeB) large D) risk72. A) suffering C) developingB) deriving D) stemminganything? A record 54% of American voters now believe the news media make global warming appear worse than it really is. A 75 of people now believe – incorrectly – that global warming is not even caused by humans.But the 76 cost of exaggeration, I believe, is the unnecessary alarm that it causes – particularly 77 children. An article in The Washington Post cited nine-year-old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal 78 from global warming.The newspaper also reported that parents are 79 ―productive‖outlets for their eight-year-olds‘obsessions(忧心忡忡) with dying polar bears. They might be better off educating them and letting them know that, contrary 80 common belief, the global polar bear population has doubled and perhaps even quadrupled(成为四倍)over the past half-century, to about 22,000. 81 diminishing –and eventually disappearing – summer Arctic ice, polar bears will not become extinct. 73. A) Explanation C) ExaggerationB) Reservation D) Revelation74. A) dumped C) doubledB) dimmed D) doomed75. A) mixture C) quantityB) majority D) quota76. A) smallest C) fewestB) worst D) least77. A) among C) byB) of D) toward78. A) separation C) isolationB) sanction D) extinction79. A) turning out C) searching forB) tiding over D) pulling through80. A) upon C) aboutB) to D) with81. A) Despite C) RegardlessB) Besides D) ExceptPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.82. She fell into deep thought, with _______________________________ (她的眼睛紧盯着屏幕).83. _______________________________ (直到十八世纪中叶) did scientists realize that thewhole of the brain was involved in the working of the mind.84. It is universally acknowledged that nothing is more precious than time,_______________________________ (但又没有什么比时间更不受珍惜).85. _______________________________ (你要是更小心些就好了)! The accident could have been avoided.86. A professor at the Academy has proposed that __________________________ (设立专项基金来推进创新).◆答案速查◆1 D2 D3 B4 A5 C6 D7 C8. environmentalists 9. sustainable 10. the Green Revolution47. exercise extraordinary power48. is used in the nation/country49. panic in the west50. foreign oil51. establish a stockpile of oil52 D 53B 54A 55B 56C 57D 58A 59A 6C 61B62 C 63D 64B 65C 66A 67B 68C 69D 7A 71D72 A 73C 74D 75B 76B 77A 78D 79C 8B 81A82. her eyes closely staring at the screen83. Not until the middle of the 18th century84. while nothing is less cherished than time85. If only you had been more careful86. a special fund should be set up to boost innovation。

2013年6月英语六级真题答案整理

2013年6月英语六级真题答案整理题目是norman borlaug1-7 DDBBCDC8-10 environmentalists, sustainable, the Green Revolution.11.Why she could not get through to him12. He has difficulty finding affordable housing13. A code number is necessary to run the copy machine14. He will stop work to take care of the baby15. The shopping center is flooded with people16. It will take longer to reconnect the computers to the Net17. She did see Prof. Smith on TV18. The man has to go to see his doctor again19. It is planning to tour East Asia20. A lot of good publicity21. Pay for the printing of the performance programme22. He might give up concert tours23. It can do harm to singer’s voice chords24. Many lack professional training25. Voice problems among pop singers26. It has not been very successful27. It increases parking capacity28. Collect money and help new users29. They will be discountable to regular customers30. Meat consumption has an adverse effect on the environment31. It lacks the vitamins and minerals essential for health32. Quit eating meats33. They do not admit being alcohol addicts34. To stop them from fighting back35. With support they can be brought back to a normal life36. Included 37. categories 38. similar 39. acquaintance 40. recently 41. volunteer 42. citiz en 43. indicative44. You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work tea m45. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise46. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encou raging remarks47.According to theauthor, a child’s musical ability has much to do with their motivation and practice48.In order to develop the musical ability of their children, many parents willaccompany them during their practice sacrificing a lot of then own leisure time49.Because of their father’s pressure and strict training, Michael Jackson andsome of his brothers and sisters eventually became musicians and dancers50.Michael’s extra drive for music was partlydue to the fact that he was treated as special byhis mother。

大学英语四六级考试-2013年6月_六级真题_第2套

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing（30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Earth provide enough to satisfy every man’s need, but not every man’s greed.”You can citeexamples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1._____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension （30 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.1. A) She has completely recovered. C) She is still in a critical condition.B) She went into shock after an operation. D) She is getting much better.2. A) Ordering a breakfast. C) Buying a train ticket.B) Booking a hotel room. D) Fixing a compartment.3. A) Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B) The man is the only one who brought her book back.C) She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D) Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.4. A) She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B) She attended the supermarket's grand opening ceremony.C) She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D) She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.5. A) He is bothered by the pain in his neck. C) He cannot afford to have a coffee break.B) He cannot do his report without a computer. D) He feels sorry to have missed the report.6. A) Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B) The gallery space is big enough for the man's paintings.C) The woman would like to help with the exhibition layout.D) The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.7. A) The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B) The man works in the same department as the woman does.C) The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D) The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.8. A) It was better than the previous one. C) It exaggerated the city's economic problems.B) It distorted the mayor's speech. D) It reflected the opinions of most economists. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) To inform him of a problem they face. C) To discuss the content of a project report.B) To request him to purchase control desks. D) To ask him to fix the dictating machine.10. A) They quote the best price in the market. C) They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.B) They manufacture and sell office furniture. D) They cannot produce the steel sheets needed.11. A) By marking down the unit price. C) By allowing more time for delivery.B) By accepting the penalty clauses. D) By promising better after-sales service.12. A) Give the customer a ten percent discount.B) Claim compensation from the steel suppliers.C) Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D) Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) Stockbroker. B) Physicist. C) Mathematician. D) Economist.14. A) Improve computer programming. C) Predict global population growth.B) Explain certain natural phenomena. D) Promote national financial health.15. A) Their different educational backgrounds. C) Chaos theory and its applicationB) Changing attitudes toward nature. D) The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They lay great emphasis on hard work. C) They require high academic degrees.B) They name 150 star engineers each year. D) They have people with a very high IQ.17. A) Long years of job training. C) Distinctive academic qualifications.B) High emotional intelligence. D) Devotion to the advance of science.18. A) Good interpersonal relationships. C) Sophisticated equipment.B) Rich working experience. D) High motivation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) A diary. C) A history textbook.B) A fairy tale. D) A biography.20. A) He was a sports fan. C) He disliked school.B) He loved adventures. D) He liked hair-raising stories.21. A) Encourage people to undertake adventures. C) Raise people's environmental awareness.B) Publicize his colorful and unique life stories. D) Attract people to America's national parks. Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) The first infected victim. C) The doctor who first identified it.B) A coastal village in Africa. D) A river running through the Congo.23. A) They exhibit similar symptoms. C) They have almost the same mortality rate.B) They can be treated with the same drug. D) They have both disappeared for good.24. A) By inhaling air polluted with the virus. C) By drinking water from the Congo River.B) By contacting contaminated body fluids. D) By eating food grown in Sudan and Zaire.25. A) More strains will evolve from the Ebola virus.B) Scientists will eventually find cures for Ebola.C) Another Ebola epidemic may erupt sooner or later.D) Once infected, one will become immune to Ebola.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, whenthe passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.The ideal companion machine would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also be programmed to behave in an agreeable manner. Those 26 that make interaction with other people enjoyable would be simulated as closely as possible, and the machine would 27 charming, stimulating, and easygoing. Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly 28 and therefore interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more 29 and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive 30 but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes 31 developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own.The machine would convey presence. We have all seen how a computer's use of personal names often 32 people and leads them to treat the machine as if it were almost human. Such features are easily written into the software. By introducing 33 forcefulness and humor, the machine could be presented as a vivid and unique character.Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it 34 the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an 35 time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy.Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.In most cultures throughout the world, there is an expectation that when a person reaches adulthood, marriage should soon follow. In the United States alone, each month upwards of 168,000 couples wed, 36 to love, honor, and respect their chosen life mates until death parts them. The expectation is deep-rooted.However, the social functions, purposes, and relevance of marriage are rapidly changing in 37 society, making them less clear-cut than they have been throughout history. For instance, in a Pew Research Center random polling of over 2,000 38 , fewer than half of all of the adults polled indicated that if a man and a woman plan to spend the rest of their lives together as a couple, it was important that they 39 marry.Those of us who choose to marry have 40 reasons why we decide to marry the person we do. There is a 41 , however, in our Western, individualistic culture: We tend to marry for reasons that benefit ourselves, rather than for reasons that benefit the society at large, such as found in collectivist cultures. Research in Western cultures has found, for example, that the number-one 42 people cite for marrying is to signify a lifelong commitment to someone they love. However, this reason is not the only 43 to why people wed—today, people get married for reasons of commitment, security, and personal belief systems. The Pew Research Center's recent findings suggest that the main reasons people get married are for 44 happiness and commitment, and bearing and raising children. As the data from this survey show us, there are racial, age, and religious differences in what people 45 to be the main purposes of getting married.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.A Nation That’s Losing Its ToolboxA) The scene inside the Home Depot on Weyman Avenue here would give the old-time Americancraftsman pause. In Aisle 34 is precut plastic flooring, the glue already in place. In Aisle 26 are prefabricated windows. Stacked near the checkout counters, and as colorful as a Fisher-Price toy, is a not-so-serious-looking power tool: a battery-operated saw-and-drill combination. And if you don't want to do it yourself, head to Aisle 23 or Aisle 35, where a help desk will arrange for an installer. B) It's all very handy stuff, I guess, a convenient way to be a do-it-yourselfer without being all thatgood with tools. But at a time when the American factory seems to be a shrinking presence, and when good manufacturing jobs have vanished, perhaps never to return, there is something deeply troubling about this dilution of American craftsmanship.C) This isn't a lament (伤感)—or not merely a lament—for bygone times. It's a social and culturalissue, as well as an economic one. The Home Depot approach to craftsmanship—simplify it, dumb it down. hire a contractor—is one signal that mastering tools and working with one's hands is receding in America as a hobby, as a valued skill, as a cultural influence that shaped thinking and behavior in vast sections of the country.D) That should be a matter of concern in a presidential election year. Yet neither Barack Obama norMitt Romney promotes himself as tool-savvy (使用工具很在行的) presidential timber. in the mold of a Jimmy Carter, a skilled carpenter and cabinet maker.E) The Obama administration does worry publicly about manufacturing, a first cousin of craftsmanship.When the Ford Motor Company, for example, recently announced that it was bringing some production home, the White House cheered. "When you see things like Ford moving new production from Mexico to Detroit, instead of the other way around, you know things are changing," says Gene Sperling, director of the National Economic Council.F) Ask the administration or the Republicans or most academics why America needs moremanufacturing, and they respond that manufacturing gives birth to innovation, brings down the trade deficit, strengthens the dollar, generates jobs, arms the military and brings about a recovery from recession. But rarely, if ever, do they publicly take the argument a step further, asserting that a growing manufacturing sector encourages craftsmanship and that craftsmanship is, if not a birthright, then a vital ingredient of the American self-image as a can-do, inventive, we-can- make-anything people.G) Traditional vocational training in public high schools is gradually declining, stranding thousands ofyoung people who seek training for a craft without going to college. Colleges, for their part, have since 1985 graduated fewer chemical, mechanical, industrial and metallurgical (冶金的) engineers, partly in response to the reduced role of manufacturing, a big employer of them.H) The decline started in the 1950s, when manufacturing generated a sturdy 28% of the nationalincome, or gross domestic product, and employed one-third of the workforce. Today, factory output generates just 12% of G. D. P. and employs barely 9% of the nation's workers.I) Mass layoffs and plant closings have drawn plenty of headlines and public debate over the years.and they still occasionally do. But the damage to skill and craftsmanship—what's needed to build a complex airliner or a tractor, or for a worker to move up from assembler to machinist to supervisor—went largely unnoticed.J) "In an earlier generation, we lost our connection to the land, and now we are losing our connection to the machinery we depend on," says Michael Hout, a sociologist at the University of California, Berkeley. "People who work with their hands," he went on, "are doing things today that we call service jobs, in restaurants and laundries, or in medical technology and the like. "K) That's one explanation for the decline in traditional craftsmanship. Lack of interest is another. The big money is in fields like finance. Starting in the 1980s, skill in finance grew in importance, and, as depicted in the news media and the movies, became a more appealing source of income. By last year, Wall Street traders, bankers and those who deal in real estate generated 21% of the national income, double their share in the 1950s. And Warren Buffett, the good-natured financier, became a homespun folk hero, without the tools and overalls (工作服).L) "Young people grow up without developing the skills to fix things around the house," says Richard Curtin, director of the Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers. "They know about computers, of course, but they don't know how to build them. "M) Manufacturing's shrinking presence undoubtedly helps explain the decline in craftsmanship, if only because many of the nation's assembly line workers were skilled in craft work, if not on the job then in their spare time. In a late 1990s study of blue-collar employees at a General Motors plant (now closed) in Linden, N. J. , the sociologist Ruth Milkman of City University of New York found that many line workers, in their off-hours, did home renovation and other skilled work. "I have often thought, " Ms. Milkman says, " that these extracurricular jobs were an effort on the part of the workers to regain their dignity after suffering the degradation of repetitive assembly line work in the factory. "N) Craft work has higher status in nations like Germany, which invests in apprenticeship (学徒) programs for high school students. " Corporations in Germany realized that there was an interest to be served economically and patriotically in building up a skilled labor force at home; we never had that ethos (风气) ," says Richard Sennett, a New York University sociologist who has written about the connection of craft and culture.O) The damage to American craftsmanship seems to parallel the steep slide in manufacturing employment. Though the decline started in the 1970s, it became much steeper beginning in 2000.Since then, some 5. 3 million jobs, or one-third of the workforce in manufacturing, have been lost. A stated goal of the Obama administration is to restore a big chunk of this employment, along with the multitude of skills that many of the jobs required.P) As for craftsmanship itself, the issue is how to preserve it as a valued skill in the general population. Ms. Milkman, the sociologist, argues that American craftsmanship isn't disappearing as quickly as some would argue—that it has instead shifted to immigrants. "Pride in craft, it is alive in the immigrant world," she says. Sol Axelrod, 37, the manager of the Home Depot here, fittingly learned to fix his own car as a teenager, even changing the brakes. Now he finds immigrant craftsmen gathered in abundance outside his store in the early morning, waiting for it to open so they can buy supplies for the day's work as contractors. Skilled day laborers, also mostly immigrants, wait quietly in hopes of being hired by the contractors.Q) Mr. Axelrod also says the recession and persistently high unemployment have forced many people to try to save money by doing more themselves, and Home Depot in response offers classes in fixing water taps and other simple repairs. The teachers are store employees, many of them older and semi-retired from a skilled trade, or laid off. " Our customers may not be building cabinets or outdoor decks; we try to do that for them," Mr. Axelrod says, "but some are trying to build up skill sothey can do more for themselves in these hard times. "46. Mastering tools and working with one's hands used to be a valued skill in America.47. The fact that people can make more money in fields other than manufacturing contributes to thedecline of craftsmanship.48. High school students are losing opportunities of learning a traditional craft at school.49. Compared with German counterparts, American companies did not work towards encouragingcraftsmanship.50. Barack Obama did not present himself as skilled in craft work during his election campaign.51. Some people are trying to ride out the economic depression by doing more themselves.52. There is insufficient attention to the negative effects on craftsmanship produced by the decline ofmanufacturing.53. Most politicians or scholars fail to point out that manufacturing promotes craftsmanship.54. A sociologist argues that American craftsmanship, instead of disappearing, is being taken up byimmigrants.55. A study found that many assembly line workers did skilled work in their off-hours to restore theirdignity as craftsmen.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated. Unemployment in January jumped to a 16-year high of 7. 6 percent, as 598,000 jobs were slashed from US payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December, 1974. With l. 8 million jobs lost in the last three months, there is urgent desire to boost the economy as quickly as possible. But Washington would do well to take a deep breath before reacting to the grim numbers.Collectively, we rely on the unemployment figures and other statistics to frame our sense of reality. They are a vital part of an array of data that we use to assess if we're doing well or doing badly, and that in turn shapes government policies and corporate budgets and personal spending decisions. The problem is that the statistics aren't an objective measure of reality; they are simply a best approximation. Directionally, they capture the trends, but the idea that we know precisely how many are unemployed is a myth. That makes finding a solution all the more difficult.First, there is the way the data is assembled. The official unemployment rate is the product of a telephone survey of about 60,000 homes. There is another survey, sometimes referred to as the " payroll survey," that assesses 400 ,000 businesses based on their reported payrolls. Both surveys have problems. The payroll survey can easily doulbe-count someone: if you are one person with two jobs, you show up as two workers. The payroll survey also doesn't capture the number of self-employed, and so says little about how many people are generating an independent income.The household survey has a larger problem. When asked straightforwardly, people tend to lie or shade the truth when the subject is sex, money or employment. If you get a call and are asked if you're employed, and you say yes, you're employed. If you say no, however, it may surprise you to learn that you are only unemployed if you've been actively looking for work in the past four weeks; otherwise, you are "marginally attached to the labor force" and not actually unemployed.The urge to quantify is embedded in our society. But the idea that statisticians can then capture anobjective reality isn't just impossible. It also leads to serious misjudgments. Democrats and Republicans can and will take sides on a number of issues, but a more crucial concern is that both are basing major policy decisions on guesstimates rather than looking at the vast wealth of raw data with a critical eye and an open mind.56. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) The US economic situation is going from bad to worse.B) Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more jobs.C) The US government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls.D) The recent economic crisis has taken the US by surprise.57. What does the author think of the unemployment figures and other statistics?A) They form a solid basis for policy making. C) They signal future economic trends.B) The represent the current situation. D) They do not fully reflect the reality.58. One problem with the payroll survey is that .A) it does not include all the businesses C) it magnifies the number of the joblessB) it fails to count in the self-employed D) it does not treat all companies equally59. The household survey can be faulty in that .A) people tend to lie when talking on the phoneB) not everybody is willing or ready to respondC) some people won't provide truthful informationD) the definition of unemployment is too broad60. At the end of the passage, the author suggests that .A) statisticians improve their data assembling methodsB) decision makers view the statistics with a critical eyeC) politicians listen more before making policy decisionsD) Democrats and Republicans cooperate on crucial issuesPassage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.At some point in 2008, someone, probably in either Asia or Africa, made the decision to move from the countryside to the city. This nameless person pushed the human race over a historic threshold , for it was in that year that mankind became, for the first time in its history, a predominantly urban species.It is a trend that shows no sign of slowing. Demographers (人口统计学家) reckon that three-quarters of humanity could be city-dwelling by 2050, with most of the increase coming in the fast-growing town of Asia and Africa. Migrants to cities are attracted by plentiful jobs, access to hospitals and education, and the ability to escape the boredom of a farmer's agricultural life. Those factors are more than enough to make up for the squalor（肮脏) , disease and spectacular poverty that those same migrants must often at first endure when they become urban dwellers.It is the city that inspires the latest book from Peter Smith. His main thesis is that the buzz of urban life, and the opportunities it offers for co-operation and collaboration, is what attracts people to the city, which in turn makes cities into the engines of art., commerce, science and progress. This is hardly revolutionary, but it is presented in a charming format. Mr. Smith has written a breezy guidebook, with a series of short chapters dedicated to specific aspects of urbanity—parks, say, or the various schemes that have been put forward over the years for building the perfect city. The result is a sort of high-quality, unusually rigorous coffee-table book, designed to be dipped into rather than read from beginning to end.In the chapter on skyscrapers, for example, Mr. Smith touches on construction methods, the revolutionary invention of the automatic lift, the practicalities of living in the sky and the likelihood that, as cities become more crowded, apartment living will become the norm. But there is also time for brief diversions onto bizarre ground, such as a discussion of the skyscraper index(which holds that a boom in skyscraper construction is a foolproof sign of an imminent recession).One obvious criticism is that the price of breadth is depth; many of Mr. Smith's essays raise as many questions as they answer. Although that can indeed be frustrating, this is probably the only way to treat sogrand a topic. The city is the building block of civilisation and of almost everything people do; a guidebook to the city is really, therefore, a guidebook to how a large and ever-growing chunk of humanity chooses to live. Mr. Smith's book serves as an excellent introduction to a vast subject, and will suggest plenty of further lines of inquiry.61. In what way is the year 2008 historic?A) For the first time in history, urban people outnumbered rural people.B) An influential figure decided to move from the countryside to the city.C) It is in this year that urbanisation made a start in Asia and Africa.D) The population increase in cities reached a new peak in Asia and Africa.62. What does the author say about urbanisation?A) Its impact is not easy to predict.B) Its process will not slow down.C) It is a milestone in human progress.D) It aggravates the squalor of cities.63. How does the author comment on Peter Smith's new book?A) It is but an ordinary coffee-table book.B) It is flavoured with humourous stories.C) It serves as a guide to arts and commerce.D) It is written in a lively and interesting style.64. What does the author say in the chapter on skyscrapers?A) The automatic lift is indispensable in skyscrapers..B) People enjoy living in skyscrapers with a view.C) Skyscrapers are a sure sign of a city's prosperity.D) Recession closely follows a skyscraper boom.65. What may be one criticism of Mr. Smith's book?A) It does not really touch on anything serious.B) It is too long for people to read from cover to cover.C) It does not deal with any aspect of city life in depth.D) It fails to provide sound advice to city dwellers.Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.农历正月(the first lunar month)十五是中国的元宵节(Lantern Festival)，人们习惯在门外悬挂大红灯笼，孩子们提着彩色的灯笼玩，大人们则上街观赏各式各样的灯笼。

2013年6月英语六级答案第一套

2013年6月英语六级答案第一套作文范文高分版：Keep Our Hearts StrongAs the proverb goes, constant drops wear out the stone. Good habits help pave our way to success. However, during the cultivation of good habits we are frequently bewildered and baffled by temptations from the world around us. Only when we are alert and determined enough to resist these temptations can we take a right and unswerving road to success.In our daily life, it is essential for us to be self-disciplined. A healthy lifestyle, which may consist of regular exercise and balanced diet, is what most people are pursuing in contemporary society. Yet many people cannot resist the coziness of staying in and temptation of tasty but fatty food, thus giving up half way cultivating healthy habits and getting decreasingly robust. In addition, our progress in academic performance depends on good habits. We must restrain ourselves from endless entertainment. Otherwise, distracted and indulged, we can never maintain a good learning habit, let alone achieve academic excellence.In summary, good habits rely on strong hearts that are not disturbed by temptations. With persistence and perseverance, we are heading to success.快速阅读答案：1. may not benefit education as intended2. build an innovative image3. further distract students from class participation4. have to work harder to enliven their classes5. mobile technology will be more widely used in education6. It is proceeding with caution.7. facilitate students’ learning outside of class8. teaching or analysis9. complex reasoning abilities required of good lawyers10. interaction听力答案：11. Why she could not get through to him12. He has difficulty finding affordable housing13. A code number is necessary to run the copy machine14. He will stop work to take care of the baby15. The shopping center is flooded with people16. It will take longer to reconnect the computers to the Net17. She did see Prof. Smith on TV18. The man has to go to see his doctor again19. It is planning to tour East Asia20. A lot of good publicity21. Pay for the printing of the performance programme22. He might give up concert tours23. It can do harm to singer’s voice chords24. Many lack professional training25. V oice problems among pop singers26. It has not been very successful27. It increases parking capacity28. Collect money and help new users29. They will be discountable to regular customers30. Meat consumption has an adverse effect on the environment31. It lacks the vitamins and minerals essential for health32. Quit eating meats33. They do not admit being alcohol addicts34. To stop them from fighting back35. With support they can be brought back to a normal life36. Included37. categories38. similar39. acquaintance40. recently41. volunteer42. citizen43. indicative44. You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team45. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise46. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks仔细阅读答案之选词填空（十五选十）部分：47. exercise extraordinary power48. is used in the nation49. panic in the West50. foreign oil51. establish a stockpile of oil52. They don't know what is going to happen in the future.53. Its initial blow to confidence far exceeded that of 1929.54. The government intervened effectively.55. To curb the fear of a lasting free fall.56. It has not gone from bad to worse.57. the sound of a forest signifies its health condition.58. the collapse of rain forests is caused by direct human interference.59. turn them into a major source of greenhouse gases60. Lack of rainfall resulting from global warming.61. Its practice of burning forests for settlement and development完形填空答案：62. 答案：terrifies 考查动词辨析。

2013年6月英语六级听力试题及答案

2013年6月英语六级听力原文Section A11.A) Why his phone had been disconnected.B) Why she could not get through to him.C) Why he didn't leave her a message.D) Why he refused to answer her call.12.A) The houses within his price range are sold out.B) Most people in this city want to own a home.C) He has difficulty finding affordable housing.D) The woman should rent a nicer apartment.13.A) The woman would like the man to take care of her mail.B) The woman has put the number into everyone's mailbox.C) The new copy machine can meet everyone's needs.D) A code number is necessary to run the copy machine.14.A) He will stop work to take care of the baby.B) He will find a job near his home next year.C) His wife is going to give birth to a baby.D) His wife will leave her work soon.15.A) The shopping center is flooded with people.B) They will come to the mall some other day.C) Parking in this city is a horrible nightmare.D) She will wait for the man at the south gate.16.A) He will be back in a minute to repair the computers.B) It will take longer to reconnect the computers to the Net.C) He has tackled more complicated problems than this.D) A lot of cool stuff will be available online tomorrow.17.A) She forgot to call her mother.B) Prof. Smith gives lectures regularly on TV.C) Her mother is a friend of Prof. Smith's.D) She did see Prof. Smith on TV.18.A) The man has to wait to get his medicine.B) The store doesn't have the prescribed medicine.C) The man has to go to see his doctor again.D) The prescription is not written clearly enough.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) It is advertising electronic products.B) It is planning to tour East Asia.C) It is sponsoring a TV programme.D) It is giving performances in town.20.A) A lot of good publicity.B) Talented artists to work for it.C) Long-term investments.D) A decrease in production costs.21.A) Promise long-term cooperation with the Company.B) Explain frankly their own current financial situation.C) Pay for the printing of the performance programme.D) Bear the cost of publicising the Company's performance. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A) He has been seeing doctors and counsellors.B) He has found a new way to train his voice.C) He was caught abusing drugs.D) He might give up concert tours.23.A) Singers may become addicted to it.B) It helps singers warm themselves up.C) Singers use it to stay away from colds.D) It can do harm to singers' vocal chords.24.A) They are eager to become famous.B) Many lack professional training.C) Few will become successful.D) They live a glamorous life.25.A) Harm to singers done by smoky atmospheres.B) Side effects of some common drugs.C) Voice problems among pop singers.D)Hardships experienced bySection BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26.A) It has not been very successful.B) It has long become a new trend.C) It has met with strong resistance.D) It has attracted a lot of users.27.A) It saves time.B) It increases parking capacity.C) It ensures drivers' safety.D) It reduces car damage.28.A) Collect money and help new users.B) Maintain the automated system.C) Stay alert to any emergency.D) Walk around and guard against car theft.29.A) They will vary with the size of vehicles.B) They will be discountable to regular customers.C) They will be lower than conventional parking.D) They will be reduced if paid in cash.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.A) Half of the methane in the atmosphere is from animals.B) Methane has become the chief source of greenhouse gas.C) Consumer behavior may be influenced by the environment.D) Meat consumption has an adverse effect on the environment.31.A) It takes time for the human body to get used to it.B) It lacks the vitamins and minerals essential for health.C) It enhances immunity to certain diseases.D) It helps people to live a much longer life.32.A) Produce green food.B) Waste no food.C) Quit eating meats.D) Grow vegetables.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.A) They do not know any solution.B) They do not give up drunk driving.C) They do not behave in public places.D) They do not admit being alcohol addicts.34.A) To stop them from fighting back.B) To thank them for their hospitality.C) To teach them the European lifestyle.D) To relieve their pains and sufferings.35.A) Without intervention they will be a headache to the nation.B) With support they can be brought back to a normal life.C) They readily respond to medical treatment.D)They pose a serious threat to social stability.Section CSelf-image is the picture you have of yourself, the sort of person you believe you are.(36)______ in your self-image are the (37)______ in which you place yourself, the roles you play, and other(38)______ descriptors you use-to identify yourself. If you tell an (39)______you are a grandfather who (40)______ lost his wife and who does (41)______ work on weekends, several elements of your self-image are brought to light -the roles of grandparent, widower, and conscientious (42)______.But self-image is more than how you picture yourself; it also involves how others see you. Three types of feedback fromothers are (43)______ of how they see us: confirmation, rejection, and disconfirmation. Confirmation occurs when others treat you in a manner consistent with who you believe you are.(44)_______________________. On the other hand, rejection occurs when others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with your self-definition. Pierre Salinger was appointed senator from California but subsequently lost his firstelection.(45)_______________________ - their vote was inconsistent with hisself-concept. The third type of feedback is disconfirmation, which occurs when others fail to respond to your notion of self by respondingneutrally.(46)_______________________. Rather than relying on how others classify you,consider how you identify yourself. The way in which you identify reflection of your self-image.答案11-15 BCDAA16-20 BDCBA21-25 CDDBC26-30 ABABD31-35 BCDAB36. Included37. categories38. similar39. acquaintance40. recently41. volunteer42. citizen43. indicative44. You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team45. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise46.A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks。

2013年英语六级真题及答案汇总(完整文字版)

DUANG~~DUANG~~DUANG~~，又到一年CET。

说到四六级，你第一反应是裸考刷分？还是abandon？是单词书本？还是逝去的青春？考过的，满满都是回忆；将要考的，给你们加油鼓劲！2013年英语六级真题及答案汇总目录2013年6月英语六级真题及答案 (2)2013年12月英语六级真题及答案 (25)（为了这份资源，我也蛮拼的）2013年6月英语六级真题及答案Part ⅡListening ComprehensionSection A1. CM: The biological project is now in trouble. You know, my colleague and I have completely different ideas about how to proceed.W: Why don’t you compromise? Try to make it a win-win situation for you both.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?【听前预测】1．四项均以动词原形开头。

2．两项提到同事(colleague)。

结论：对话应该是工作场景，可能提问接下来要怎么做或建议某人做什么。

2．BM: How does Nancy like the new dress she bought in Rome?W: She said she would never have bought an Italian style dress if she had knownMary had already got such a dress.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?【听前预测】1．四项提及两个人物——Mary和Nancy。

2．三项均与服饰、时尚有关(style，dress，fashion)，两项与购物有关(buying，shopping)。

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2013年6月英语六级真题及答案 Part II ReadingComprehension 快速阅读原文+答案+点评 Part II ReadingComprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions8-10, complete the sen-tences with the information given in the passage.

Welcome,Freshmen. Havean iPod. Taking a step that many professors may view as a bitcounterproductive, some colleges and universities are doling out Apple iPhonesand Internet-capable iPods to their students.

The always-on Internet devices raise some novelpossibilities, like tracking where students gather together. With far lesscontroversy, colleges could send messages about canceled classes, delayedbuses, campus crises or just the cafeteria menu.

While schools emphasize its usefulness —online research in classand instant polling of students, for example — a big part of theattraction is, undoubtedly, that the iPhone is cool and a hit with students.Being equipped with one of the most recent cutting-edge IT products could justhelp a college or university foster a cutting-edge reputation.

Apple stands to win as well, hooking more young consumerswith decades of technology purchases ahead of them. The lone losers, somefear, could be professors.

Students already have laptops and cell phones, of course, butthe newest devices can take class distractions to a new level. They practicallybeg a user to ignore the long-suffering professor struggling to pass onaccumulated wisdom from the front of the room — a prospect thatteachers find most irritating and students view as, well, inevitable.

“When it gets a littleboring, I might pull it out,” acknowledged Naomi Pugh, a first-year studentat Freed-Hardeman University in Henderson, Term., referring to her new iPodTouch, which can connect to the Internet over a campus wireless network. Shespeculated that professors might try even harder to make classes interesting ifthey were to compete with the devices.

Experts see a movement toward the use of mobile technology ineducation, though they say it is in its infancy as professors try to come upwith useful applications. Providing powerful handheld devices is sure tofuel debates over the role of technology in higher education.

“We think this is the waythe future is going to work,” said Kyle Dickson, co-director of research and the mobilelearning initiative at Abilene Christian University in Texas, which has boughtmore than 600 iPhones and 300 iPods for students entering this fall.

Although plenty of students take their laptops to class, theydon’t take them everywhereand would prefer something lighter. Abilene Christian settled on the devicesafter surveying students and finding that they did not like hauling aroundtheir laptops, but that most of them always carried a cell phone, Dr. Dicksonsaid.

It is not clear how many colleges and universities plan togive out iPhones and iPods this fall; officials at Apple were unwilling to talkabout the subject and said that they would not leak any institution’s plans.

“We can’t announce other people’s news,”said Greg Joswiak, vicepresident of iPod and iPhone marketing at Apple. He also said that he could notdiscuss discounts to universities for bulk purchases.

At least four institutions — the University ofMaryland, Oklahoma Christian University, Abilene Christian and Freed-Hardeman — have announced thatthey will give the devices to some or all of their students this fall.

Other universities are exploring their options. StanfordUniversity has hired a student-run company to design applications like a campus mapand directory for the iPhone. It is considering whether to issue iPhones butnot sure it, snecessary, noting that more than 700 iPhones were registered onthe university’s network last year.

At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, iPhones mightalready have been everywhere, if AT&T, the wireless carrier offering theiPhone in the United States, had a more reliable network, said Andrew Yu,mobile devices platform project manager at M.I.T.

“We would have probablygone ahead with this, maybe just getting a thousand iPhones and giving themout,” Mr. Yusaid.

The University of Maryland at College Park is proceedingcautiously, giving the iPhone or iPod Touch to 150 students, said JeffreyHuskamp, vice president and chief information officer at the university. “We don’t think that we have allthe answers,” Mr. Huskamp said. By observing how students use the gadgets,he said, “We’re trying to get answers from the students.”