最新2013年6月英语六级真题及答案-第三套(最新整理吐血整理)

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2013年6月英语六级真题及答案详解kj140224171249

2013年6月英语六级真题及答案Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11. A) She has completely recovered.B) She went into shock after an operation.C) She is still in a critical condition.D) She is getting much better.12. A) Ordering a breakfast.B) Booking a hotel room.C) Buying a train ticket.D) Fixing a compartment.13. A) Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B) The man is the only one who brought her book back.C) She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D) Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.14. A) She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B) She attended the supermarket’s grand opening ceremony.C) She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D) She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.15. A) He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B) He cannot do his report without a computer.C) He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D) He feels sorry to have missed the report.16. A) Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B) The gallery space is big enough for the man’s paintings.C) The woman would like to help with the exibition layout.D) The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.17. A) The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B) The man works in the same department as the woman does.C) The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D) The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.18. A) It was better than the previous one.B) It distorted the mayor’s speech.C) It exaggerated the city’s economy problems.D) It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To inform him of a problem they face.B) To request him to purchase control desks.C) To discuss the content of a project report.D) To ask him to fix the dictating machine.20. A) They quote the best price in the market.B) They manufacture and sell office furniture.C) They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D) They cannot produce the steel sheets needed21. A) By marking down the unit price.B) By accepting the penalty clauses.C) By allowing more time for delivery.D) By promising better after-sales service.22. A) Give the customer a ten percent discount.B) Claim compensation from the stool suppliers.C) Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D) Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Stockbroker. C) Mathematician.B) Physicist. D) Economist.24. A) Improve computer programming.B) Predict global population growth.C) Explain certain natural phenomena.D) Promote national financial health.25. A) Their different educational backgrounds.B) Changing attitudes toward nature.C) Chaos theory and its applications.D) The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年6月大学英语六级真题和答案

2013年6月大学英语六级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark "A smile is the shortest distance between two people." You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________注意：此部分试题在答题卡1Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Norman Borlaug: 'Father of the Green Revolution'Few people have quietly changed the world for the better more than this rural lad from the midwestern state of Iowa in the United States. The man in focus is Norman Borlaug, the Father of the 'Green Revolution', who died on September 12, 2009 at age 95. Norman Borlaug spent most of his 60 working years in the farmlands of Mexico, South Asia and later in Africa, fighting world hunger, and saving by some estimates up to a billion lives in the process. An achievement, fit for a Nobel Peace Prize. Early Years"I'm a product of the great depression" is how Borlaug described himself. A great-grandson of Norwegian immigrants to the United States, Borlaug was born in 1914 and grew up on a small farm in the northeastern corner of Iowa in a town called Cresco. His family had a 40-hectare (公顷) farm on which they grew wheat, maize (玉米) and hay and raised pigs and cattle. Norman spent most of his time from age 7-17 on the farm, even as he attended a one-room, one-teacher school at New Oregon in Howard County.Borlaug didn't have money to go to college. But through a Great Depression era programme, known as the National Youth Administration, Borlaug was able to enroll in the University of Minnesota at Minneapolis to study forestry. He excelled in studies and received his Ph.D. in plant pathology (病理学) and genetics in 1942. From 1942 to 1944, Borlaug was employed as a microbiologist at DuPont in Wilmington. However, following the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, Borlaug tried to join the military, but was rejected under wartime labour regulations. In Mexico In 1944, many experts warned of mass starvation in developing nations where populations were expanding faster than crop production. Borlaug began work at a Rockefeller Foundation-funded project in Mexico to increase wheat production by developing higher-yielding varieties of the crop. It involved research in genetics, plantbreeding, plant pathology, entomology (昆虫学) , agronomy (农艺学) , soil science, and cereal technology. The goal of the project was to boost wheat production in Mexico, which at the time was importing a large portion of its grain.Borlaug said that his first couple of years in Mexico were difficult. He lacked trained scientists and equipment. Native farmers were hostile towards the wheat programme because of serious crop losses from 1939 to 1941 due to stem rust.Wheat varieties that Borlaug worked with had tall, thin stalks. While taller wheat competed better for sunlight, they had a tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain - a trait called lodging. To overcome this, Borlaug worked on breeding wheat with shorter and stronger stalks, which could hold on larger seed heads. Borlaug's new semi-dwarf, disease-resistant varieties, called Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62, changed the potential yield of Mexican wheat dramatically. By 1963 wheat production in Mexico stood six times more than that of 1944. Green Revolution in India During the 1960s, South Asia experienced severe drought condition and India had been importing wheat on a large scale from the United States. Borlaug came to India in 1963 along with Dr. Robert Anderson to duplicate his Mexican success in the sub-continent. The experiments began with planting a few of the high-yielding variety strains in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa in New Delhi, under the supervision of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan. These strains were subsequently planted in test plots at Ludhiana, Pantnagar, Kanpur, Pune and Indore. The results were promising, but large-scale success, however, was not instant. Cultural opposition to new agricultural techniques initially prevented Borlaug from going ahead with planting of new wheat strains in India. By 1965, when the drought situation turned alarming, the Government took the lead and allowed wheat revolution to move forward. By employing agricultural techniques he developed in Mexico, Borlaug was able to nearly double South Asian wheat harvests between 1965 and 1970.India subsequently made a huge commitment to Mexican wheat, importing some 18000 tonnes of seed. By 1968, it was clear that the Indian wheat harvest was nothing short of revolutionary. It was so productive that there was a shortage of labour to harvest it, of bull carts to haul it to the threshing floor (打谷场) , of jute (麻黄) bags to store it. Local governments in some areas were forced to shut down schools temporarily to use them as store houses.United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) observed that in 40 years between 1961 and 2001, "India more than doubled its population, from 452 million to more than 1 billion. At the same time, it nearly tripled its grain production from 87 million tonnes to 231 million tonnes. It accomplished this feat while increasing cultivated grain acreage (土地面积) a mere 8 percent."It was in India that Norman Borlaug's work was described as the 'Green Revolution.' In AfricaAfrica suffered widespread hunger and starvation through the 70s and 80s. Food and aid poured in from most developed countries into the continent, but thanks to the absence of efficient distribution system, the hungry remained empty-stomach. The then Chairman of the Nippon Foundation, Ryoichi Sasakawa wondered why the methods used in Mexico and India were not extended to Africa. He called up NormanBorlaug. now leading a semi-retired life, for help. He managed to convince Borlaug to help with his new effort and subsequently founded the Sasakawa Africa Association. Borlaug later recalled, "but after I saw the terrible circumstances there, I said, 'Let's just start growing'".The success in Africa was not as spectacular as it was in India or Mexico. Those elements that allowed Borlaug's projects to succeed, such as well-organized economies and transportation and irrigation systems, were severely lacking throughout Africa. Because of this, Borlaug's initial projects were restricted to developed regions of the continent. Nevertheless, yields of maize, sorghum (高粱) and wheat doubled between 1983 and 1985.Nobel PrizeFor his contributions to the world food supply, Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970. Norwegian officials notified his wife in Mexico City at 4:00 a. m., but Borlaug had already left for the test fields in the Toluca valley, about 65 km west of Mexico City. A chauffeur (司机) took her to the fields to inform her husband. In his acceptance speech, Borlaug said, "the first essential component of social justice is adequate food for all mankind. Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world. Yet, 50 percent of the world population goes hungry."Green Revolution vs EnvironmentalistsBorlaug's advocacy of intensive high-yield agriculture came under severe criticism from environmentalists in recent years. His work faced environmental and socio-economic criticisms, including charges that his methods have created dependence on monoculture crops, unsustainable farming practices, heavy indebtedness among subsistence farmers, and high levels of cancer among those who work with agriculture chemicals. There are also concerns about the long-term sustainability of fanning practices encouraged by the Green Revolution in both the developed and the developing world.In India, the Green Revolution is blamed for the destruction of Indian crop diversity, drought vulnerability, dependence on agro-chemicals that poison soils but reap large-scale benefits mostly to the American multi-national corporations. What these critics overwhelmingly advocate is a global movement towards "organic" or "sustainable" farming practices that avoid using chemicals and high technology in favour of natural fertilizers, cultivation and pest-control programmes.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2013.06英语六级真题(第3套)

T o t a l s c o r e710T o t a l t i m e a l l o w e d130m i n s 2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第3套)P a r t I W r i t i n g(30m i n u t e s)D i r e c t i o n s:F o r t h i s p a r t,y o u a r e a l l o w e d30m i n u t e s t ow r i t e a n e s s a y c o m m e n t i n g o n t h e r e m a r kE a r t h p r o v i d e s e n o u g h t o s a t i s f y e v e r y m a n s n e e d.B u t n o t e v e r y m a n s g r e e d .Y o u c a n c i t e s o m e e x a m p l e s t o i l l u s t r a t e y o u r p o i n t.Y o u s h o u l dw r i t e a t l e a s t150w o r d s b u t n om o r e t h a n200w o r d s.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答㊂P a r t I I L i s t e n i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o n(30m i n u t e s)说明:2013年6月大学英语六级考试,全国共考了两套听力㊂本套(即第3套)的听力真题与第2套的完全一样,只是选项的顺序不一样而已㊂故本套不再重复给出听力试题㊂P a r t I I I R e a d i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o n(40m i n u t e s) S e c t i o nAD i r e c t i o n s:I n t h i s s e c t i o n,t h e r e i s a p a s s a g ew i t h t e n b l a n k s.Y o u a r e r e q u i r e d t o s e l e c t o n ew o r d f o r e a c hb l a n k f r o m al i s to fc h o i c e s g i v e ni na w o r db a n k f o l l o w i n g t h e p a s s a g e.R e a dt h e p a s s a g et h r o u g hc a r e f u l l y b e f o r em a k i n gy o u r c h o i c e s.E a c h c h o i c e i n t h e b a n k i s ide n t if i e db y a l e t t e r.P l e a s em a r k t h e c o r r e s p o n d i ng l e t t e r f o r e a chi t e mo n A n s w e rS h e e t2w i t ha s i n g l e l i n e t h r o u g h t h e c e n t r e.Y o um a y n o t u s e a n y o f t h ew o r d s i n t h e b a n km o r e t h a n o n c e.Q u e s t i o n s36t o45a r e b a s e do n t h e f o l l o w i n gp a s s a g e.T h e c o n t i n u o u s p r e s e n t a t i o no fs c a r y s t o r i e sa b o u t g l o b a lw a r m i n g i nt h e p o p u l a r m e d i a m a k e su s u n n e c e s s a r i l y f r i g h t e n e d.E v e nw o r s e,i t 36o u r k i d s.A lG o r e f a m o u s l y d e p i c t e dh o wa s e a-l e v e l r i s e o f20f e e tw o u l d a l m o s t c o m p l e t e l y f l o o dF l o r i d a,N e w Y o r k.H o l l a n d,a n dS h a n g h a i,e v e nt h o u g ht h e U n i t e d N a t i o n ss a y st h a ts u c hat h i n g w i l ln o te v e n h a p p e n,37t h a t s e a l e v e l sw i l l r i s e20t i m e s l e s s t h a n t h a t.W h e n 38 w i t h t h e s e e x a g g e r a t i o n s,s o m e o f u s s a y t h a t t h e y a r e f o r a g o o d c a u s e,a n d s u r e l y t h e r e i s n oh a r md o n e i f t h e r e s u l t i s t h a tw e f o c u s e v e nm o r e o n t a c k l i n g c l i m a t e c h a n g e.T h i s 39 i sa s t o n i s h i n g l y w r o n g.S u c he x a g g e r a t i o n sd o p l e n t y o fh a r m.W o r r y i n g 40 a b o u t g l o b a lw a r m i n g m e a n s t h a tw ew o r r y l e s s a b o u t o t h e r t h i n g s,w h e r ew e c o u l dd o s om u c hm o r e g o o d.W e f o c u s,f o r e x a m p l e,o n g l o b a lw a r m i n g s i m p a c t o n m a l a r i a(疟疾) w h i c hw i l l p u t s l i g h t l y m o r e p e o p l e a t r i s k i n100y e a r s i n s t e a d o f t a c k l i n g t h e h a l f a b i l l i o n p e o p l e 41f r o m m a l a r i a t o d a y w i t h p r e v e n t i o n㊃1㊃a n d t r e a t m e n t p o l i c i e s t h a t a r em u c h c h e a p e r a n d d r a m a t i c a l l y m o r e 42 t h a n c a rb o n r e d uc t i o nw o u ld be .E x a g g e r a t i o na l s ow e a r s o u t t h e p u b l i c sw i l l i n g n e s s t o t a c k l e g l o b a l w a r m i n g.I f t h e p l a n e t i s 43 ,p e o p l ew o n d e r ,w h y d oa n y t h i n g ?Ar e c o r d54%o fA m e r i c a nv o t e r sn o w b e l i e v et h en e w sm e d i a m a k e g l o b a lw a r m i n g a p p e a rw o r s e t h a n i t r e a l l y i s .A 44 o f p e o p l e n o wb e l i e v e i n c o r r e c t l y t h a t g l o b a l w a r m i n gi s n o t e v e n .B u t t h ew o r s t c o s t o f e x a g g e r a t i o n ,I b e l i e v e ,i s t h e 45 a l a r mt h a t i t c a u s e s p a r t i c u l a r l y a m o n g c h i l d r e n .A na r t i c l e i n T h eW a s h i n g t o nP o s t c i t e dn i n e -y e a r -o l dA l y s s a ,w h o c r i e s a b o u t t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f m a s s a n i m a l e x t i n c t i o n f r o m g l o b a lw a r m i n g .注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答㊂A )p r e v a l e n t l yB )t e r r i f i e sC )e s t i m a t i n gD )m a j o r i t yE )e f f e c t i v e F )r i g o r o u s G )e x c e s s i v e l y H )m o r a l i t y I )s u f f e r i n gJ )c o n f r o n t e d K )q u a n t i t yL )d o o m e dM )u n n e c e s s a r yN )s u p pr e s s e s O )a r gu m e n t S e c t i o nBD i r e c t i o n s :I nt h i ss e c t i o n ,y o ua r e g o i n g t or e a d a p a s s a ge w i t ht e ns t a t e m e n t sa t t a c h e dt oi t .E a c h s t a t e m e n t c o n t a i n s i nf o r m a t i o ng i v e n i n o n e o f th e p a r a g r a p h s .I d e n ti f y t h e p a r a g r a p h f r o m w h i c h t h e i n f o r m a t i o n i s d e r i v e d .Y o um a y c h o o s e a p a r a g r a p hm o r e t h a n o n c e .E a c h p a r a g r a p h i sm a r k e dw i t ha l e t t e r .A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s b y m a r k i n g t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g le t t e r o n A n s w e r S h e e t 2.AN a t i o nT h a t sL o s i n g It s T o o l b o x [A ]T h e s c e n e i n s i d e t h eH o m eD e p o t o nW e ym a nA v e n u e h e r ew o u l d g i v e t h e o l d -t i m eA m e r i c a n c r a f t s m a n p a u s e .I nA i s l e 34i s p r e c u t p l a s t i c f l o o r i n g ,t h e g l u ea l r e a d y in p l a c e .I n A i s l e26a r e p r e f a b r i c a t e d w i n d o w s .S t a c k e d n e a r t h e c h e c k o u t c o u n t e r s ,a n d a s c o l o r f u l a s a F i s h e r -P r i c e t o y,i s a n o t -s o -s e r i o u s -l o o k i n gp o w e rt o o l :ab a t t e r y -o pe r a t e ds a w -a n d -d r i l lc o m b i n a t i o n .A n dif y o ud o n tw a n tt od oi t y o u r s e l f ,h e a d t oA i s l e 23o rA i s l e 35,w h e r e ah e l p d e s kw i l l a r r a n ge f o r a n i n s t a l l e r .[B ]I t s a l l v e r y h a n d y s t u f f ,I g u e s s ,a c o n v e n i e n tw a y t ob e a d o -i t -y o u r s e l f e rw i t h o u t b e i n g al l t h a t g o o d w i t h t o o l s .B u t a t a t i m ew h e n t h eA m e r i c a n f a c t o r y s e e m s t o b e a s h r i n k i n g pr e s e n c e ,a n dw h e n g o o d m a n u f a c t u r i n g j o b s h a v e v a n i s h e d ,p e r h a p s n e v e r t o r e t u r n ,t h e r e i s s o m e t h i n g d e e p l y t r o u b l i n g ab o u t t h i s d i l u t i o no fA m e r ic a n c r a f t s m a n s h i p.[C ]T h i s i s n t a l a m e n t (伤感) o rn o tm e r e l y a l a m e n t f o rb y go n e t i m e s .I t sas o c i a l a n dc u l t u r a l i s s u e ,a sw e l l a s a n e c o n o m i c o n e .T h eH o m eD e p o t a p p r o a c h t o c r a f t s m a n s h i p s i m p l i f y i t ,d u m b i t d o w n ,h i r e a c o n t r a c t o r i s o n e s i g n a l t h a tm a s t e r i n g t o o l s a n dw o r k i n g w i t ho n e s h a n d s i s r e c e d i n gi nA m e r i c a a s ah o b b y ,a s av a l u e ds k i l l ,a s ac u l t u r a l i n f l u e n c e t h a t s h a p e d t h i n k i n g a n db e h a v i o r i n v a s t s e c t i o n s o f t h e c o u n t r y.[D ]T h a t s h o u l db e am a t t e r o f c o n c e r n i n a p r e s i d e n t i a l e l e c t i o n y e a r .Y e t n e i t h e rB a r a c kO b a m an o rM i t tR o m n e yp r o m o t e s h i m s e l f a s t o o l -s a v v y (使用工具很在行的)p r e s i d e n t i a l t i m b e r ,i nt h em o l do fa J i m m y C a r t e r ,a s k i l l e d c a r pe n t e r a n d c a b i n e tm a k e r .[E ]T h eO b a m a a d m i n i s t r a t i o nd o e sw o r r yp u b l i c l y a b o u tm a n uf a c t u r i ng ,a f i r s t c o u s i no f c r a f t s m a n shi p.W h e n t h eF o r dM o t o r C o m p a n y ,f o r e x a m p l e ,r e c e n t l y a n n o u n c e d t h a t i tw a s b r i n g i n gs o m e p r o d u c t i o n h o m e ,t h eW h i t eH o u s e c h e e r e d . W h e n y o u s e e t h i n g s l i k eF o r dm o v i n g n e w p r o d u c t i o n f r o m M e x i c o t oD e t r o i t ,i n s t e a do f t h eo t h e rw a y a r o u n d ,y o uk n o wt h i n g sa r ec h a n g i n g , s a y sG e n eS p e r l i n g,㊃2㊃d i re c t o r of t h eN a t i o n a l E c o n o m i cC o u n c i l.[F]A s k t h e a d m i n i s t r a t i o no r t h eR e p u b l i c a n s o rm o s t a c a d e m i c sw h y A m e r i c a n e e d sm o r em a n u f a c t u r i n g, a n dt h e y r e s p o n d t h a t m a n u f a c t u r i n g g i v e s b i r t h t oi n n o v a t i o n,b r i n g s d o w n t h et r a d e d e f i c i t, s t r e n g t h e n s t h e d o l l a r,g e n e r a t e s j o b s,a r m s t h em i l i t a r y a n db r i n g s a b o u t a r e c o v e r y f r o mr e c e s s i o n.B u t r a r e l y,i fe v e r,d ot h e yp u b l i c l y t a k et h ea r g u m e n tas t e p f u r t h e r,a s s e r t i n g t h a ta g r o w i n g m a n u f a c t u r i n g s e c t o r e n c o u r a g e s c r a f t s m a n s h i p a n dt h a t c r a f t s m a n s h i p i s,i fn o t ab i r t h r i g h t,t h e na v i t a l i n g r e d i e n t o f t h eA m e r i c a n s e l f-i m a g e a s a c a n-d o,i n v e n t i v e,w e-c a n-m a k e-a n y t h i n gp e o p l e.[G]T r a d i t i o n a lv o c a t i o n a l t r a i n i n g i n p u b l i ch i g hs c h o o l s i s g r a d u a l l y d e c l i n i n g,s t r a n d i n g t h o u s a n d so f y o u n gp e o p l ew h o s e e k t r a i n i n g f o r a c r a f tw i t h o u t g o i n g t o c o l l e g e.C o l l e g e s,f o r t h e i r p a r t,h a v e s i n c e 1985g r a d u a t e d f e w e r c h e m i c a l,m e c h a n i c a l,i n d u s t r i a l a n d m e t a l l u r g i c a l(冶金的)e n g i n e e r s,p a r t l y i n r e s p o n s e t o t h e r e d u c e d r o l e o fm a n u f a c t u r i n g,ab i g e m p l o y e r o f t h e m.[H]T h e d e c l i n e s t a r t e d i n t h e1950s,w h e nm a n u f a c t u r i n g g e n e r a t e d a s t u r d y28%o f t h e n a t i o n a l i n c o m e, o r g r o s s d o m e s t i c p r o d u c t,a n d e m p l o y e do n e-t h i r do f t h ew o r k f o r c e.T o d a y,f a c t o r y o u t p u t g e n e r a t e s j u s t12%o fG.D.P.a n d e m p l o y s b a r e l y9%o f t h e n a t i o n sw o r k e r s.M a s s l a y o f f s a n d p l a n t c l o s i n g s h a v ed r a w n p l e n t y o f h e a d l i n e s a n d p u b l i c d e b a t e o v e r t h e y e a r s,a n d t h e y s t i l l o c c a s i o n a l l y d o.B u t t h e d a m a g e t o s k i l l a n d c r a f t s m a n s h i p t h a t sn e e d e dt ob u i l dac o m p l e xa i r l i n e ro ra t r a c t o r,o r f o ra w o r k e r t om o v eu p f r o ma s s e m b l e r t om a c h i n i s t t o s u p e r v i s o r w e n t l a r g e l y u n n o t i c e d.[I] I na ne a r l i e r g e n e r a t i o n,w e l o s t o u r c o n n e c t i o n t o t h e l a n d,a n dn o w w e a r e l o s i n g o u r c o n n e c t i o n t o t h em a c h i n e r y w ed e p e n do n, s a y s M i c h a e l H o u t,as o c i o l o g i s ta tt h e U n i v e r s i t y o fC a l i f o r n i a, B e r k e l e y. P e o p l ew h o w o r k w i t ht h e i rh a n d s, h e w e n to n, a r ed o i n g t h i n g st o d a y t h a tw ec a l l s e r v i c e j o b s,i n r e s t a u r a n t s a n d l a u n d r i e s,o r i nm e d i c a l t e c h n o l o g y a n d t h e l i k e.[J]T h a t s o n e e x p l a n a t i o n f o r t h e d e c l i n e i n t r a d i t i o n a l c r a f t s m a n s h i p.L a c k o f i n t e r e s t i s a n o t h e r.T h e b i g m o n e y i s i nf i e l d s l i k ef i n a n c e.S t a r t i n g i nt h e1980s,s k i l l i nf i n a n c e g r e wi ni m p o r t a n c e,a n d,a s d e p i c t e d i n t h en e w sm e d i a a n d t h em o v i e s,b e c a m e am o r e a p p e a l i n g s o u r c e o f i n c o m e. [K]B y l a s t y e a r,W a l lS t r e e t t r a d e r s,b a n k e r sa n dt h o s ew h od e a l i nr e a l e s t a t e g e n e r a t e d21%o f t h e n a t i o n a l i n c o m e,d o u b l et h e i rs h a r e i nt h e1950s.A n d W a r r e nB u f f e t t,t h e g o o d-n a t u r e df i n a n c i e r, b e c a m e ah o m e s p u nf o l kh e r o,w i t h o u tt h et o o l sa n d o v e r a l l s(工作服). Y o u n gp e o p l e g r o w u p w i t h o u t d e v e l o p i n g t h es k i l l st of i xt h i n g sa r o u n dt h eh o u s e, s a y sR i c h a r dC u r t i n,d i r e c t o ro f t h e T h o m s o nR e u t e r s/U n i v e r s i t y o f M i c h i g a nS u r v e y so fC o n s u m e r s. T h e y k n o wa b o u tc o m p u t e r s,o f c o u r s e,b u t t h e y d o n t k n o wh o wt ob u i l d t h e m.[L]M a n u f a c t u r i n g ss h r i n k i n gp r e s e n c eu n d o u b t e d l y h e l p se x p l a i nt h ed e c l i n e i nc r a f t s m a n s h i p,i fo n l y b e c a u s em a n y o f t h e n a t i o n s a s s e m b l y l i n ew o r k e r sw e r e s k i l l e d i n c r a f tw o r k,i f n o t o n t h e j o b t h e n i n t h e i r s p a r e t i m e.I n a l a t e1990s s t u d y o f b l u e-c o l l a r e m p l o y e e s a t aG e n e r a lM o t o r s p l a n t(n o wc l o s e d) i nL i n d e n,N.J.,t h e s o c i o l o g i s tR u t h M i l k m a no fC i t y U n i v e r s i t y o fN e w Y o r k f o u n d t h a tm a n y l i n e w o r k e r s,i n t h e i r o f f-h o u r s,d i dh o m e r e n o v a t i o n a n d o t h e r s k i l l e dw o r k. I h a v e o f t e n t h o u g h t, M s. M i l k m a ns a y s, t h a t t h e s e e x t r a c u r r i c u l a r j o b sw e r e a n e f f o r t o n t h e p a r t o f t h ew o r k e r s t o r e g a i n t h e i r d i g n i t y a f t e r s u f f e r i n g t h e d e g r a d a t i o no f r e p e t i t i v e a s s e m b l y l i n ew o r k i n t h e f a c t o r y. [M]C r a f t w o r k h a sh i g h e rs t a t u si n n a t i o n sl i k e G e r m a n y,w h i c hi n v e s t si n a p p r e n t i c e s h i p(学徒) p r o g r a m s f o r h i g h s c h o o l s t u d e n t s. C o r p o r a t i o n s i nG e r m a n y r e a l i z e d t h a t t h e r ew a s a n i n t e r e s t t ob e s e r v e d e c o n o m i c a l l y a n d p a t r i o t i c a l l y i nb u i l d i n g u p as k i l l e d l a b o r f o r c ea th o m e;w en e v e rh a dt h a t e t h o s(风气), s a y sR i c h a r dS e n n e t t,aN e w Y o r k U n i v e r s i t y s o c i o l o g i s tw h oh a sw r i t t e na b o u t t h e㊃3㊃c o n n e c t i o no f c r a f t a nd c u l t u r e.[N]T h e d a m a g e t oA m e r i c a n c r a f t s m a n s h i p s e e m s t o p a r a l l e l t h e s t e e p s l i d e i nm a n u f a c t u r i n g e m p l o y m e n t. T h o u g h t h e d e c l i n e s t a r t e d i n t h e1970s,i t b e c a m em u c h s t e e p e r b e g i n n i n g i n2000.S i n c e t h e n,s o m e 5.3m i l l i o n j o b s,o r o n e-t h i r do f t h ew o r k f o r c e i nm a n u f a c t u r i n g,h a v eb e e n l o s t.As t a t e d g o a l o f t h e O b a m a a d m i n i s t r a t i o n i s t o r e s t o r e ab i g c h u n ko f t h i s e m p l o y m e n t,a l o n g w i t h t h em u l t i t u d eo f s k i l l s t h a tm a n y o f t h e j o b s r e q u i r e d.[O]A s f o r c r a f t s m a n s h i p i t s e l f,t h e i s s u e i s h o wt o p r e s e r v e i t a s av a l u e ds k i l l i n t h e g e n e r a l p o p u l a t i o n. M s.M i l k m a n,t h es o c i o l o g i s t,a r g u e s t h a tA m e r i c a nc r a f t s m a n s h i p i s n td i s a p p e a r i n g a s q u i c k l y a s s o m ew o u l da r g u e t h a t i th a si n s t e a ds h i f t e dt oi m m i g r a n t s. P r i d ei nc r a f t,i t i sa l i v ei nt h e i m m i g r a n tw o r l d, s h e s a y s.[P]S o lA x e l r o d,37,t h e m a n a g e ro ft h e H o m e D e p o th e r e,f i t t i n g l y l e a r n e dt of i xh i so w nc a ra sa t e e n a g e r,e v e n c h a n g i n g t h eb r a k e s.N o wh e f i n d s i m m i g r a n t c r a f t s m e n g a t h e r e d i n a b u n d a n c e o u t s i d e h i s s t o r e i n t h e e a r l y m o r n i n g,w a i t i n g f o r i t t oo p e ns o t h e y c a nb u y s u p p l i e s f o r t h ed a y sw o r ka s c o n t r a c t o r s.S k i l l e dd a y l a b o r e r s,a l s om o s t l y i m m i g r a n t s,w a i t q u i e t l y i nh o p e s o f b e i n g h i r e db y t h e c o n t r a c t o r s.[Q]M r.A x e l r o da l s os a y s t h e r e c e s s i o na n d p e r s i s t e n t l y h i g hu n e m p l o y m e n th a v e f o r c e dm a n yp e o p l e t o t r y t o s a v em o n e y b y d o i n g m o r e t h e m s e l v e s,a n dH o m eD e p o t i n r e s p o n s e o f f e r s c l a s s e s i n f i x i n g w a t e r t a p s a n do t h e r s i m p l e r e p a i r s.T h e t e a c h e r s a r e s t o r e e m p l o y e e s,m a n y o f t h e mo l d e r a n d s e m i-r e t i r e d f r o ma s k i l l e d t r a d e,o r l a i do f f.[R] O u r c u s t o m e r sm a y n o t b eb u i l d i n g c a b i n e t s o r o u t d o o r d e c k s;w e t r y t od o t h a t f o r t h e m, M r.A x e l r o d s a y s, b u t s o m e a r e t r y i n g t o b u i l du p s k i l l s o t h e y c a nd om o r e f o r t h e m s e l v e s i n t h e s e h a r d t i m e s.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答㊂46.T h e a u t h o r b e l i e v e s t h a tm a n u f a c t u r i n g e n c o u r a g e s c r a f t s m a n s h i p.47.T h e a u t h o r f e l t t r o u b l e d a b o u t t h ew e a k e n i n g o fA m e r i c a n c r a f t s m a n s h i p.48.M a s t e r i n g t o o l s a n dw o r k i n g w i t ho n e s h a n d s s h a p e s p e o p l e s t h i n k i n g a n db e h a v i o r.49.A m e r i c a sm a n u f a c t u r i n g i n t h e1950s c o n s t i t u t e d28%o f t h e g r o s s d o m e s t i c p r o d u c t.50.T h e g o v e r n m e n tw e l c o m e d s o m e c o m p a n i e s d e c i s i o n t ob r i n g s o m e p r o d u c t i o nb a c k t oA m e r i c a.51.A s o c i o l o g i s tb e l i e v e st h a t A m e r i c a nc r a f t s m a n s h i p,i n s t e a do fd i s a p p e a r i n g,i sb e i n g t a k e nu p b yi m m i g r a n t s.52.A c c o r d i n g t o am a n a g e r o fH o m eD e p o t,p e o p l e a r e t r y i n g r i d e o u t t h e r e c e s s i o nb y b u i l d i n g u p s k i l l s.53.M a n y a s s e m b l y l i n ew o r k e r sd i dh o m e r e n o v a t i o na n do t h e r s k i l l e dw o r k i nt h e i ro f f-h o u r s i no r d e r t o r e g a i n t h e i r d i g n i t y.54.P e o p l e c a ne a r nm o r em o n e y i nf i e l d so t h e r t h a n m a n u f a c t u r i n g,w h i c h i sa f a c t o r c o n t r i b u t i n g t o t h ed e c l i n e i n t r a d i t i o n a l c r a f t s m a n s h i p.55.C o m p a r e dw i t h t h a t i nA m e r i c a,t h e s t a t u s o f c r a f tw o r k i n s o m e c o u n t r i e s i s h i g h e r b e c a u s e c r a f tw o r ki s e n c o u r a g e d a m o n g h i g hs c h o o l s t u d e n t s.S e c t i o nCD i r e c t i o n s:T h e r e a r e2p a s s a g e s i n t h i s s e c t i o n.E a c h p a s s a g e i s f o l l o w e d b y s o m e q u e s t i o n s o r u n f i n i s h e d s t a t e m e n t s.F o r e a c h o f t h e mt h e r e a r e f o u r c h o i c e sm a r k e dA),B),C)a n dD).Y o u s h o u l dd e c i d e o n t h e b e s t c h o i c e a n dm a r k t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g l e t t e r o n A n s w e r S h e e t2w i t ha s i n g l e l i n e t h r o u g h t h e c e n t r e.㊃4㊃P a s s a g e o n eQ u e s t i o n s56t o60a r e b a s e do n t h e f o l l o w i n gp a s s a g e.T h e r e p o r t f r o mt h eB u r e a uo fL a b o rS t a t i s t i c sw a s j u s t a s g l o o m y a sa n t i c i p a t e d.U n e m p l o y m e n t i n J a n u a r y j u m p e d t o a16-y e a rh i g ho f7.6p e r c e n t,a s598,000j o b sw e r es l a s h e df r o m U S p a y r o l l s i nt h e w o r s t s i n g l e-m o n t hd e c l i n es i n c eD e c e m b e r,1974.W i t h1.8m i l l i o n j o b s l o s t i nt h e l a s t t h r e e m o n t h s, t h e r e i s u r g e n t d e s i r e t o b o o s t t h e e c o n o m y a s q u i c k l y a s p o s s i b l e.B u tW a s h i n g t o nw o u l d d ow e l l t o t a k e a d e e p b r e a t hb e f o r e r e a c t i n g t o t h e g r i mn u m b e r s.C o l l e c t i v e l y,w e r e l y o n t h eu n e m p l o y m e n t f i g u r e sa n do t h e r s t a t i s t i c s t o f r a m eo u r s e n s eo f r e a l i t y. T h e y a r e a v i t a l p a r t o f a n a r r a y o f d a t a t h a tw e u s e t o a s s e s s i fw e r e d o i n g w e l l o r d o i n g b a d l y,a n d t h a t i n t u r n s h a p e s g o v e r n m e n t p o l i c i e s a n d c o r p o r a t eb u d g e t s a n d p e r s o n a l s p e n d i n g d e c i s i o n s.T h e p r o b l e mi s t h a tt h e s t a t i s t i c s a r e n t a n o b j e c t i v e m e a s u r e o fr e a l i t y;t h e y a r e s i m p l y a b e s t a p p r o x i m a t i o n.D i r e c t i o n a l l y,t h e y c a p t u r e t h e t r e n d s,b u t t h e i d e a t h a tw e k n o w p r e c i s e l y h o w m a n y a r e u n e m p l o y e d i s a m y t h.T h a tm a k e s f i n d i n g a s o l u t i o na l l t h em o r e d i f f i c u l t.F i r s t,t h e r e i st h e w a y t h ed a t ai sa s s e m b l e d.T h eo f f i c i a lu n e m p l o y m e n tr a t e i st h e p r o d u c to fa t e l e p h o n e s u r v e y o f a b o u t60,000h o m e s.T h e r e i s a n o t h e r s u r v e y,s o m e t i m e s r e f e r r e d t oa s t h e p a y r o l l s u r v e y, t h a t a s s e s s e s400,000b u s i n e s s e s b a s e do n t h e i r r e p o r t e d p a y r o l l s.B o t hs u r v e y sh a v e p r o b l e m s. T h e p a y r o l l s u r v e y c a ne a s i l y d o u b l e-c o u n t s o m e o n e:i f y o ua r e o n e p e r s o nw i t h t w o j o b s,y o u s h o wu p a s t w ow o r k e r s.T h e p a y r o l l s u r v e y a l s o d o e s n t c a p t u r e t h e n u m b e r o f s e l f-e m p l o y e d,a n d s o s a y s l i t t l e a b o u t h o w m a n yp e o p l e a r e g e n e r a t i n g a n i n d e p e n d e n t i n c o m e.T h e h o u s e h o l d s u r v e y h a s a l a r g e r p r o b l e m.W h e n a s k e d s t r a i g h t f o r w a r d l y,p e o p l e t e n d t o l i e o r s h a d e t h e t r u t h w h e nt h es u b j e c t i ss e x,m o n e y o re m p l o y m e n t.I f y o u g e tac a l la n da r ea s k e di f y o u r e e m p l o y e d,a n d y o u s a yy e s,y o u r ee m p l o y e d.I f y o us a y n o,h o w e v e r,i tm a y s u r p r i s e y o u t o l e a r n t h a t y o ua r e o n l y u n e m p l o y e d i f y o u v eb e e na c t i v e l y l o o k i n g f o rw o r k i n t h e p a s t f o u rw e e k s;o t h e r w i s e,y o u a r e m a r g i n a l l y a t t a c h e d t o t h e l a b o r f o r c e a n dn o t a c t u a l l y u n e m p l o y e d.T h eu r g e t o q u a n t i f y i se m b e d d e d i no u rs o c i e t y.B u t t h e i d e at h a t s t a t i s t i c i a n sc a nt h e nc a p t u r ea n o b j e c t i v e r e a l i t y i s n t j u s t i m p o s s i b l e.I t a l s o l e a d s t os e r i o u sm i s j u d g m e n t s.D e m o c r a t sa n dR e p u b l i c a n s c a na n dw i l l t a k es i d e so nan u m b e ro f i s s u e s,b u ta m o r ec r u c i a l c o n c e r n i s t h a tb o t ha r eb a s i n g m a j o r p o l i c y d e c i s i o n s o n g u e s s t i m a t e s r a t h e r t h a n l o o k i n g a t t h e v a s tw e a l t h o f r a wd a t aw i t h a c r i t i c a l e y e a n d a n o p e nm i n d.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答㊂56.W h a t d ow e l e a r n f r o mt h e f i r s t p a r a g r a p h?A)T h eU Se c o n o m i c s i t u a t i o n i s g o i n g f r o mb a d t ow o r s e.B)W a s h i n g t o n i s t a k i n g d r a s t i cm e a s u r e s t o p r o v i d em o r e j o b s.C)T h eU S g o v e r n m e n t i s s l a s h i n g m o r e j o b s f r o mi t s p a y r o l l s.D)T h e r e c e n t e c o n o m i c c r i s i s h a s t a k e n t h eU Sb y s u r p r i s e.57.W h a t d o e s t h e a u t h o r t h i n ko f t h eu n e m p l o y m e n t f i g u r e s a n do t h e r s t a t i s t i c s?A)T h e y f o r ma s o l i db a s i s f o r p o l i c y m a k i n g.B)T h e y r e p r e s e n t t h e c u r r e n t s i t u a t i o n.C)T h e y s i g n a l f u t u r e e c o n o m i c t r e n d s.D)T h e y d on o t f u l l y r e f l e c t t h e r e a l i t y.58.O n e p r o b l e m w i t h t h e p a y r o l l s u r v e y i s t h a t.A)i t d o e s n o t i n c l u d e a l l t h eb u s i n e s s e s B)i t f a i l s t o c o u n t i n t h e s e l f-e m p l o y e d㊃5㊃C)i tm a g n i f i e s t h en u m b e r o f t h e j o b l e s s D)i t d o e s n o t t r e a t a l l c o m p a n i e s e q u a l l y59.T h eh o u s e h o l d s u r v e y c a nb e f a u l t y i n t h a t.A)p e o p l e t e n d t o l i ew h e n t a l k i n g o n t h e p h o n eB)n o t e v e r y b o d y i sw i l l i n g o r r e a d y t o r e s p o n dC)s o m e p e o p l ew o n t p r o v i d e t r u t h f u l i n f o r m a t i o nD)t h e d e f i n i t i o no f u n e m p l o y m e n t i s t o ob r o a d60.A t t h e e n do f t h e p a s s a g e,t h e a u t h o r s u g g e s t s t h a t.A)s t a t i s t i c i a n s i m p r o v e t h e i r d a t a a s s e m b l i n g m e t h o d sB)d e c i s i o nm a k e r s v i e wt h e s t a t i s t i c sw i t ha c r i t i c a l e y eC)p o l i t i c i a n s l i s t e nm o r eb e f o r em a k i n gp o l i c y d e c i s i o n sD)D e m o c r a t s a n dR e p u b l i c a n s c o o p e r a t e o n c r u c i a l i s s u e sP a s s a g eT w oQ u e s t i o n s61t o65a r e b a s e do n t h e f o l l o w i n gp a s s a g e.A t s o m e p o i n t i n2008,s o m e o n e,p r o b a b l y i ne i t h e rA s i ao rA f r i c a,m a d e t h ed e c i s i o n t om o v e f r o m t h e c o u n t r y s i d e t o t h e c i t y.T h i sn a m e l e s s p e r s o n p u s h e d t h eh u m a nr a c eo v e r ah i s t o r i c t h r e s h o l d,f o r i t w a s i n t h a t y e a r t h a tm a n k i n db e c a m e,f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e i n i t s h i s t o r y,a p r e d o m i n a n t l y u r b a n s p e c i e s.I t i s a t r e n d t h a t s h o w s n o s i g n o f s l o w i n g.D e m o g r a p h e r s(人口统计学者)r e c k o n t h a t t h r e e-q u a r t e r s o f h u m a n i t y c o u l db e c i t y-d w e l l i n g b y2050,w i t hm o s t o f t h e i n c r e a s e c o m i n g i n t h e f a s t-g r o w i n g t o w n s o f A s i aa n dA f r i c a.M i g r a n t s t oc i t i e s a r e a t t r a c t e db yp l e n t i f u l j o b s,a c c e s s t oh o s p i t a l s a n de d u c a t i o n,a n d t h e a b i l i t y t o e s c a p e t h eb o r e d o m o f a f a r m e r sa g r i c u l t u r a l l i f e.T h o s e f a c t o r sa r em o r e t h a ne n o u g ht o m a k eu p f o r t h e s q u a l o r(肮脏),d i s e a s ea n ds p e c t a c u l a r p o v e r t y t h a t t h o s es a m em i g r a n t sm u s t o f t e na t f i r s t e n d u r ew h e n t h e y b e c o m eu r b a nd w e l l e r s.I t i s t h e c i t y t h a t i n s p i r e s t h e l a t e s t b o o k f r o mP e t e r S m i t h.H i sm a i n t h e s i s i s t h a t t h e b u z z o f u r b a n l i f e,a n d t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e s i t o f f e r s f o r c o-o p e r a t i o na n dc o l l a b o r a t i o n,i sw h a t a t t r a c t s p e o p l e t o t h e c i t y, w h i c h i nt u r n m a k e sc i t i e si n t ot h ee n g i n e so fa r t,c o m m e r c e,s c i e n c ea n d p r o g r e s s.T h i si sh a r d l y r e v o l u t i o n a r y,b u t i t i s p r e s e n t e d i n a c h a r m i n g f o r m a t.M r.S m i t hh a sw r i t t e n a b r e e z y g u i d e b o o k,w i t h a s e r i e s o f s h o r t c h a p t e r s d e d i c a t e d t o s p e c i f i c a s p e c t s o f u r b a n i t y p a r k s,s a y,o r t h e v a r i o u s s c h e m e s t h a t h a v eb e e n p u t f o r w a r do v e r t h e y e a r s f o rb u i l d i n g t h e p e r f e c tc i t y.T h er e s u l t i sas o r to fh i g h-q u a l i t y, u n u s u a l l y r i g o r o u s c o f f e e-t a b l eb o o k,d e s i g n e d t ob e d i p p e d i n t o r a t h e r t h a n r e a d f r o mb e g i n n i n g t o e n d.I nt h ec h a p t e ro n s k y s c r a p e r s,f o re x a m p l e,M r.S m i t ht o u c h e s o n c o n s t r u c t i o n m e t h o d s,t h e r e v o l u t i o n a r y i n v e n t i o no f t h e a u t o m a t i c l i f t,t h e p r a c t i c a l i t i e s o f l i v i n g i n t h e s k y a n d t h e l i k e l i h o o d t h a t,a sc i t i e s b e c o m e m o r ec r o wde d,a p a r t m e n tl i v i n g w i l lb e c o m et h en o r m.B u tt h e r ei sa l s ot i m ef o rb r i e fd i ve r s i o n s o n t ob i z a r r e g r o u n d,s u c ha sad i s c u s s i o nof t h es k y s c r a p e r i n d e x(w h i c hh o l d s t h a t ab o o mi n s k y s c r a p e r c o n s t r u c t i o n i s a f o o l p r o o f s ig no f a n i m m i n e n t r e c e s s i o n).O n eo b v i o u s c r i t i c i s mi s t h a t t h e p r i c e o f b r e a d t h i s d e p t h;m a n y o fM r.S m i t h s e s s a y s r a i s e a sm a n y q u e s t i o n s a s t h e y a n s w e r.A l t h o u g h t h a t c a n i n d e e d b e f r u s t r a t i n g,t h i s i s p r o b a b l y t h e o n l y w a y t o t r e a t s o g r a n da t o p i c.T h e c i t y i s t h e b u i l d i n g b l o c ko f c i v i l i s a t i o n a n d o f a l m o s t e v e r y t h i n g p e o p l e d o;a g u i d e b o o k t o t h e c i t y i s r e a l l y,t h e r e f o r e,a g u i d e b o o k t oh o wa l a r g e a n d e v e r-g r o w i n g c h u n ko f h u m a n i t y c h o o s e s t o l i v e.M r.S m i t h sb o o ks e r v e sa sa ne x c e l l e n t i n t r o d u c t i o nt oav a s t s u b j e c t,a n dw i l l s u g g e s t p l e n t y o f f u r t h e r l i n e s o f i n q u i r y.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答㊂㊃6㊃。

2013年6月六级考试真题答案解析(第三套)

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解PartⅠWriting1、审题:本篇为评论性的话题作文。

题目中要求评论的“Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s need, but not every man’s greed”这句话出自圣雄甘地（Mahatma Gandhi)之口，是甘地生态世界观的体现。

地球一直是哺育生于斯的人类的最无私的母亲，为人类提供着各种生存和生活所需。

然而，随着科技进步、人口数量的激增，人类对地球的抢夺也越来越严重。

常言道：欲壑难填，而资源有限。

寻找合适的方式，维持人与地球及其资源之间的和谐关系，已是人类必须认真思考、快速行动的当务之急。

出题人似乎也是鉴于当前由于人类对自然界无穷无尽的索取，导致各种自然灾害频发、物种灭绝、资源枯竭等问题，借这个题目引发思考和更多关注。

考生可以从不同角度对这一主题进行阐释：可以先描述当前灾害频发、物种灭绝、资源枯竭等现状，引出主题，然后分析产生这些现象的人为因素（只追求GDP,不保护资源；人口激增，资源消耗，浪费更大；追求利益，盲目、过度开采等），最后发出呼吁；或者也可以先简述当前人与地球的关系（人们为了满足自己的贪欲，向地球无止境地索取，造成一系列问题），然后陈述人类积极协调自身利益与地球之间关系的意义，最后提出一两点建议结束全文。

2、写作思路：第一段：描述人类欲望膨胀带来的问题，如灾害频发、物种灭绝、资源枯竭，指出地球现状值得人们高度关注。

第二段：分析产生上述各种现象的原因，如只追求GDP而不保护资源；人口激增，资源的消耗和浪费更大；为求利益而盲目、过度开采等。

第三段：总结，指出人类应该控制自己的贪婪欲望，如此才能在地球上世代生存。

Time to Shake off Greed and Heal the EarthEarth,as has always been regarded as mother to human beings,has fallen ill with the symptoms of the frequent eruption of natural disasters,the extinction of wild animals and the exhaustion of natural resources.And the situation illustrated should arouse great attention of all human beings.As a matter of fact,blinded by greed,human beings have great responsibility for the present situation we confront with.To start with,human beings are so economy-oriented that they ignore the protection of the environment.Then,population in the planet has experienced great booming,which makes more and more resources needed and exhausted,and in turn threatens to end human life.Finally,human beings excessively exploit and abuse non-renewable energy and resources just for the expanding of their own benefits,which will only lead to the darkness of future for their offspring.Since the vista of the human’s greed towards the Mother Earth is so terrible that we should stop the unreasonable exploitation of the earth.Let’s shake off greed and heal the earth,and build a better home for ourselves and for our later generations.PartⅢReading ComprehensionSection A答案详解：36、C)。

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解Part ⅠWritingThe Impact of the Information ExplosionAs is known to us all, we are now living in the age of “information explosion”. That is, we are surrounded by much information. It is true that information explosion brings convenience to our life, but it also leads to the distraction of our attention.Just as the famous saying goes, “A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention.” .For example, there are so many advertisements on the Internet that we are easily distracted by the irrelevant information of the target website. In addition, the information itself is of various kinds, either healthy or violent. The bad information may even arouse violent crimes.Therefore, it is high time we adopted proper methods to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information. For one thing, we can make a list of key words about what we will search on the Internet. For another, we can set a time limit for the search of the target information. Thus, the search is more effective and time is saved greatly at the same time.PartⅢReading ComprehensionSection A答案详解：36、H)。

2013年6月四级真题+答案+详解

2013年6月四级真题听力原文Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.11.W: What are you doing in here, Sir? Didn't you see the private sign over there?M: I'm sorry. I didn't notice it when I came in. I'm looking for the manager's office.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?12.W: Mike, what's the problem? You've known from month the report is due today. M: I know, but I'm afraid I need another few days. The data is hard to interpret than I expected.Q: What does the man mean?13.W: Excuse me, Tony. Has my parcel from New York arrived?M: Unfortunately, it's been delayed due to the bad weather.Q: What is the woman waiting for?14.W: Pam said we won't have the psychology test until the end of next week. M: Ellen, you should know better than to take Pam's words for anything. Q: What doesthe man imply about Pam?15W: Tom, would you please watch my suitcase for a minute? I need to go make a quick phone call.M: Yeah, sure. Take your time. Our train doesn’t leave for another tw enty minutes.Q: What does the man mean?16M: Frankly, Mary is not what I'd called easy-going.W: I see. People in our neighborhood find it hard to believe she's my twin sister.Q: What does the woman imply?17M: How soon do you think this can be cleaned?W: We have same day service, sir. You can pick up your suit after five o'clock. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?18W: I really enjoy that piece you just play on the piano. I bet you get a lot of requests for it.M: You said it. People just can't get enough of it.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?长对话1Questions 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: Good afternoon, Mr. Jo nes. I am Teresa Chen, and I’ll be interviewing you. How are you today?M: I am fine, thank you. And you, Miss Chen?W: Good, Thanks. Can you tell me something about your experience in this kind of work?M: Well, for several years, I managed a department for the Brownstone Company in Detroit, Michigan. Now I work part time because I also go to school at night. I’m getting a business degree.W: Oh, how interesting. Tell me, why do you want to leave your present job? M: I’ll finish school in a few months, and I’d like a full-time position with more responsibility.W: And why would you like to work for our company?M: Because I know your company’s work and I like it.W: Could you please tell me about your special skills and interests?M: Of course, I’m good at computers and I can speak Spanish. I used to take classes in Spanish at the local college. And I like travelling a lot.W: Can you give me any references?M: Yes, certainly. You can talk to Mr. McCaw, my boss, at the Brownstone Company. I could also give you the names and numbers of several of my teachers. W: All right, Mr. Jones, and would you like to ask me any questions?M: Yes, I wonder when I’ll be i nformed about my application for the job.W: Well, we’ll let you know as soon as possible. Let’s stay in touch. Thank you very much for coming this afternoon.M: Thank you.Questions 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What does the man say about his working experience?20. Why does the man want to leave his present job?21. What is the man interested in?22. What question did the man ask the woman？长对话2Questions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: Lisa, Lisa! Over here, darling! It's wonderful to see you. Oh, Lisa, you look marvelous.W: Oh, Paul, you look tired. Two months away in the capital? Paul, I think you've been working too hard.M: I'm fine. The city is very hot this time of the year. It's good to get back to some fresh air. You know, Lisa, what they say about pregnant women really is true.W: What's that Paul?M: They say they look beautiful.W: Well, I had a lot of tension while you've been studying hard on your course in D.C.M: Oh?W: Oh, don't worry, all from a man over 50. Father has told all his business friends the good news about the baby. And the phone hasn't stopped ringing.M: Oh, look, darling. There's a taxi.W: Paul, tell me about the special project you mentioned on the phone. You sounded very excited about it!M: You know, I've learned a lot from the project. I'm surprised that was still in business.W: That's because we have a wonderful sales manager ——you!M: Thanks. But that's not the problem at all. Lisa, our little company, and it is little compared to the giants in the city. Our little company's in danger. We are out of date.We need to expand. If we don't, we will be swallowed up by one of the giants.Questions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. What do we learn about Lisa?24. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?25. What does the man say about his company?Section BPassage 1Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.Farmington, Utah, is a more pleasant community since a local girls' 4-H club improved Main Street. Six 4-H girls worked to clean the 72 foot curbside that was covered with weeds, rocks and trash. Each member volunteered to clean up and to dig in plot, five flats of flowers. They also took terms in watering, weeding and maintaining the plot. Participation in this project helped the girls developed a new attitude towards their parents of their own homes; they've learned how to work with tools, and improve their work habits. One mother said that before her daughter was involved in this project, she would not even pour a weed. The experience on Main Street stimulated self-improvement, and encouraged members to take pride in their home grounds and the total community. City officials cooperated with the 4-H members in planting trees, building cooking facilities, pick-me tables, swings and public rest rooms. The 4-H girls planted trees and took care of them during the early stages of growth. The total park project needed more plantings in the following years. Members of the 4-H club agreed to follow the project through to completion, because they receive satisfaction from the results of constructive work. The project is a growing one and is spread from the park to the school and the shopping center. Treesand flowers have all been planted in the shopping center, making the atmosphere pleasant.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What do we learn about Main Street in Farmington?27. What do the 4-H club members do about the curbside?28. What have the 4-H girls learned from the project?29. Why do the 4-H girls agree to follow the park project through to complete.Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Passage 2According to a survey on reading conducted in 2001 by the U.S. National Education Association (NEA), young Americans say reading is important, more important than computers and science. Over 50% of the 12 to 18 years old interviewed say they enjoy reading a lot. 79% find it stimulating and interesting. And 87% think it is relaxing. About 68% of those surveyed disagreed with the opinion that reading is boring or old-fashioned.Over half teenagers interviewed said they read more than ten books a year. The results also show that middle school students read more books than high schoolers. Over 66% of teens like to read fiction, such as novels and stories. Over 26% are interested in non-fiction, such history books.64% of students listed reading stories about people my own age. That's a favorite topic. Mysteries and detective stories came second on the list at 53%. Just under 50% said they were interested in reading about their own culture in tradition. Of the teenagers who participated in the survey, 49% said that libraries are where they get most of their books. However, many complain that their school libraries do not have enough up-to-date interesting books and magazines. Even though many teenagers in the US enjoy reading, they still have other interests. When asked which activity would be the most difficult to give up for a week, 48% said listening to music. TV would be difficult to give up for 25% of those surveyed.Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What does the survey on teenager reading show?31. What books are most popular among teenagers according to the survey?32. What activity do teenagers find the most difficult to give up for a week? Passage 2【总评】本篇文章以阅读调查报告为话题，贴近生活，容易理解。

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案(完整版)真题+听力原文+答案详解

2013年6月英语六级考试真题及答案(完整版)Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

点击进入：2013年6月英语六级听力mp3及下载11. A) She has completely recovered.B) She went into shock after an operation.C) She is still in a critical condition.D) She is getting much better.12. A) Ordering a breakfast.C) Buying a train ticket.B) Booking a hotel room.D) Fixing a compartment.13. A) Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B) The man is the only one who brought her book back.C) She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D) Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.14. A) She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B) She attended the supermarket’s grand opening ceremony.C) She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D) She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.15. A) He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B) He cannot do his report without a computer.C) He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D) He feels sorry to have missed the report.16. A) Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B) The gallery space is big enough for the man’s paintings.C) The woman would like to help with the exibition layout.D) The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.17. A) The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B) The man works in the same department as the woman does.C) The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D) The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.18. A) It was better than the previous one.B) It distorted the mayor’s speech.C) It exaggerated the city’s economy problems.D) It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To inform him of a problem they face.B) To request him to purchase control desks.C) To discuss the content of a project report.D) To ask him to fix the dictating machine.20. A) They quote the best price in the market.B) They manufacture and sell office furniture.C) They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D) They cannot produce the steel sheets needed21. A) By marking down the unit price.B) By accepting the penalty clauses.C) By allowing more time for delivery.D) By promising better after-sales service.22. A) Give the customer a ten percent discount.B) Claim compensation from the stool suppliers.C) Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D) Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Stockbroker.C) Mathematician.B) Physicist. D) Economist.24. A) Improve computer programming.B) Predict global population growth.C) Explain certain natural phenomena.D) Promote national financial health.25. A) Their different educational backgrounds.B) Changing attitudes toward nature.C) Chaos theory and its applications.D) The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

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写作作文范文：Greed or Greet?The earth has nurtured generations of human beings, offering us with every resource to survive and prosper. Nowadays, with the explosion of population and boom of economy, human’s rel entless exploitation of natural resources has caused crisis of exhaustion of energy and resources.The remark “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed.” gives out a warning for us all. The ecosystem has remained balanced until man becomes obsessed with their ambition to conquer Nature and they are blinded by greed. On one hand, they are so economy-oriented that they ignore the protection of environment. Increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet. On the other hand, man exploits and abuses non-renewable energy and resources for the sake of developing economy. If man insists on extracting natural resources recklessly, it will be too dreadful to face the consequence.Let us remember that only when we shake off greed and heal the earth can we build a better home for ourselves and our future generations.【快速阅读】美国工业制造1-7 DADAAAB8 higher9 the immigrants10 doing more themselves听力11. Why she could not get through to him.12. He has difficulty finding affordable housing.13. A code number is necessary to run the copy machine.14. He will stop work to take care of the baby.15. The shopping center is flooded with people.16. It will take longer to reconnect the computers to the Net.17. She did see Prof. Smith on TV.18. The man has to go to see his doctor again.19. It is planning to tour East Asia.20. A lot of good publicity.21. Pay for the printing of the performance programme.22. He might give up concert tours.23. It c an do harm to singer’s voice chords.24. Many lack professional training.25. Voice problems among pop singers.Q26 It has not been very successful.Q27 It increases parking capacity.Q28 Collect money and help new users.Q29 They will be discountable to regular customers.Q30 D. Meat consumption has an adverse effect on the environment. Q31 B. It lacks the vitamins and minerals essential for health.Q32 C. Quit eating meats.Q33 D. They do not admit being alcohol addicts.Q34 A. To stop them from fighting back.Q35 B. With support they can be brought back to a normal life.36. Included37. categories38. similar39. acquaintance40. recently41. volunteer42. citizen43. indicative44. You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in c harge of a new work team45. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously th ought otherwise46. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks【阅读】孩子47 attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors48 gender roles49 observing and imitating50 adulthood or later life51 explain第一篇美国经济52.第一题是美国经济越变越差有一个词是worse53. 是不能够反映真实情况有两个词是fully reflected54.第三题是没有把雇佣人数算进去55. 是没有提供真实的信息56.是两个机构一起合作第二篇城乡57.城乡迁移现象58.是趋势不会被减慢59.本书有一个向导，新颖。

60.题是摩天大楼与城市化的关系（原文有原话）61.是这本书的缺点是什么是没有深度。

【完型】全球变暖62. terrifies63. depicted64. even though65. estimating66. confronted67. th ere68. argument69. excessively70. for example71. risk72. suffering73. Ex aggeration74. doomed75. majority76. worst77. among78. extinctions79. se arching for80. to81. despite【翻译】82. her eyes closely staring at the screen83. Not until the middle of the eighteenth century84. while nothing is less cherished than time85. If only you were more careful86. a special fund should be set up to boost innovationPart III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this s ection, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eac h question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.W: What's wrong with your phone, Gary? I tried to call you all night yesterday. M: I'm sorry. No one's able to get through yesterday. My telephone was disconnected by the phone company.Q: What does the woman ask the man about?12.W: I finally found a really nice apartment that's within my price range.M: Congratulations! Affordable housing is rare in this city. I've been looking for a suitable place since I got here six months ago.Q: What does the man mean?13.M: I got this in my mailbox today, but I don't know what it is. Do you have any idea?W: Oh, that's your number for the new photocopier. It acquires an access code. Everyone got one.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?14.W: Jane told me that you'll be leaving at soon. Is it true?M: Yeah, my wife's maternity leave is close to an end. And since she wants to go back to work, I've decided to take a year off to raise the baby.Q: What does the man mean?15M: We'll never find a parking space here. What about dropping you at thesouth gate and I'll find parking somewhere else.W: Well, OK. It looks like everyone in town came to the mall today.Q: What does the woman mean?16W: When will the computers be back online?M: Probably not until tomorrow. The problem is more complicated than I thought.Q: What does the man mean?17M: Did you catch Professor Smith on TV last night?W: I almost missed it, but my mother just happened to be watching at homeand gave me a call.Q: What does the woman imply?18M: May I get this prescription refilled?W: I'm sorry, sir, but we can't give you a refill on that. You'll have to get a new prescription.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?听力P1原文Passage 1Would you trust a robot to park your car? The question will confront New Yorkers in February as the city's first robotic parking opens in Chinatown.The technology has been successfully applied overseas, but the only other public robotic garage in the United States has been troublesome, dropping vehicles and trapping cars because of technical problems.Nonetheless, the developers of the Chinatown garage are confident with the technology and are counting on it to squeeze 67 cars in an apartment-building basement that would otherwise fit only 24, accomplished by removing a maneuver space normally required.A human-shaped robot won't be stepping into your car to drive it. Rather, the garage itself does the parking. The driver stops the car on a flat platform and gets out. The platform is lowered into the garage, and it is then transported to a vacant parking space by a computer-controlled device similar to an elevator that also runs sideways.There is no human supervision, but an attendant will be on hand to accept cash and explain the system to newly users. Parking rates will be attracted about $400 monthly or $25 per day, according to Ari Milstein, the director of planning for Automation Parking Systems, which is the U.S. subsidiary of a German company. This company has built automated garages in severalcountries overseas and in the United States for residents of a Washington, D.C. apartment building.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What do we learn about the robot parking in the U.S. so far?27. What advantage does robotic parking have according to the developers?28. What does the attendant do in the automated garage?29. What does the company say about the parking rate?Passage 2A recent study shows that meat consumption is one of the main ways that human can damage the environment, second only to the use of motor vehicles. So how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment? For a start, all animals, such as cows, pigs and sheep, always gas limed methane, which is the second most common green house gas after carbon dioxide. Many environmental experts now believe that methane is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that 25% of all methane that released into the atmosphere coming from farm animals. Another way in which meat production affects the environment is through the use of water and land. 2,500 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef. While 20 gallons of water are need to produce one pound of wheat. One acre of farmland use to for raising cows can produce 250 pounds of beef. One acre of farmland use to for crop production can produce 1,500 pounds of tomatoes. Many people now say the benefits of switching to vegetarian diet which excludes meat and fish. Not just for health reasons, but also because it plays a vital role in protecting the environment. However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian diet. They believe such a diet which includes no products from animal sources can be deficient in many of the necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need. Today many peoplehave come to realize that help the environment and for the human race to survive, more of us will need to become vegetarian.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you've just heard.30. What does the recent study show?31. What do some nutritionists say about the strict vegetarian diet?32. What does the speaker think more people need to do?Passage 3Alcoholism is a serious disease. Nearly nine million Americans alone suffer from the illness. Many scientists disagree about what the differences are between the alcohol addict and social drinker. The difference occurs when someone needs to drink. And this need gets in the way of his health or behavior. Alcohol causes a loss of judgment and alertness. After a long period, alcoholism can deteriorate the liver, the brain and other parts of the body. The illness is dangerous, because it is involved in half of all automobile accidents. Another problem is that the victim often denies being an alcohol addict and won’t get help. Solutions do exist. Many hospitals and centers help patients cope. Without the assistance, the victim can destroy his life. He would detach himself from the routines of life. He may lose his employment, home or loved ones.All the causes of the sickness are not discovered yet. There is no standard for a person with alcoholism. Victims range in age, race, sex and background. Some groups of people are more vulnerable to the illness. People from broken homes and North American Indians are two examples. People from broken homes often lack stable lives. Indians likewise had the traditional life taken from them by white settlers who often encourage them to consume alcohol to prevent them from fighting back. The problem has now been passed on. Alcoholism is clearly present in society today. People have started to get help and information. With proper assistance, victims can put their lives together one day.Question 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q33. What is the problem of the victims about alcoholism according to the speaker?Q34. Why did white settlers introduce alcohol to Indians?Q35. What does the speaker seem to believe about those affected by alcoholism?Part III Listening Comprehension长对话1听力原文Conversation OneW: Well, it’s the South Theater Company. They want to know if we’d be interested in sponsoring a tour they want to make to East Asia.M: East Asia? uhh… and how much are they hoping to get from us?W: Well, the letter mentions 20,000 pounds, but I don’t know if they might settle for us.M: Do they say what they would cover? Have they anything specific in mind? W: No, I think they are just asking all the firms in tongue for as much money as they think they’ll give.M: And we are worth 20, 000 pounds, right?W: It seems so.M: Very flattering. But I am not awfully happy with the idea. What we get out of it?W: Oh, good publicity I suppose. So what I suggest is not that we just give them a sum of money, but that we offer to pay for something specific like travel or something, and that in return, we ask for our name to be printed prominently in the program, and that they give us free advertising space in it.M: But the travel bill would be enormous, and we could never manage that. W: I know. But why don’t we of fer to pay for the printing of the programs ourselves on condition that on the front cover there's something like This program is presented with the compliments of Norland Electronics, and freeadvertising of course.M: Good idea. Well, let’s get back to t hem and ask what the program they want will cost. Then we can see if we are interested or not.Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do we learn about the South Theater Company?20. What benefit does the woman say their firm can get by sponsoring the Theater Company?21. What does the woman suggest they do instead of paying the South Theater Company’s travel expenses?Part III Listening Comprehension长对话2听力原文Conversation TwoW: Rock stars now face a new hazard --- voice abuse. After last week's announcement that Phil Collins might give up touring because live concerts are ruining his voice, doctors are counseling stars about the dos and don'ts of voice care. Here in the studio today, we have Mr. Paul Phillips, an expert from the High Field Hospital. Paul, what advice would you give to singers facing voice problems?M: If pop singers have got voice problems, they really need to be more selective about where they work. They shouldn't work in smoky atmospheres. They also need to think about resting their voices after a show. Something else they need to be careful about is medicines. Aspirin, for example, singers should avoid aspirin. It thins the blood. And if a singer coughs, this can result in the bruising of the vocal cords.W: And is it true that some singers use drugs before concerts to boost their voices when they have voice problems?M: Yes, this does happen on occasion. They are easily-available on the continent and they are useful if a singer has problems with his vocal cords and has to sing that night. But if they are taken regularly, they cause a thinning ofthe voice muscle. Most pop singers suffer from three things: lack of training, overuse and abuse of the voice, especially when they are young. They have difficult lives. When they go on tour, they do a vast number of concerts, singing in smoky places.W: So, what would you advise the singers to do?M: Warm you voice up before a show and warm it down after.Questions 22-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. What does last week's announcement say about rock star, Phil Collins?23. What does Paul Philips say about aspirin?24. What does Paul Philips say about young pop singers?25. What are the speakers mainly talking about?Part III Listening Comprehension复合式听写题目Self-image is the picture you have of yourself, the sort of person you believe you are. Included in your self-image are the categories in which you place yourself, the roles you play and other similar descriptors you use to identify yourself. If you tell an acquaintance you are a grandfather who recently lost his wife and who does volunteer work on weekends, several elements of your self-image are bought to light — the roles of grandparent, widower and conscientious citizen.But self-image is more than how you picture yourself; it also involves how others see you. Three types of feedback from others are indicative of how they see us: conformation, rejection, and disconfirmation. Conformation occurs when others treat you in a manner consistent with who you believe youare.You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team. On the other hand, rejection occurs when others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with yourself definition. Pierre Salinger was appointed senator from California but subsequently lost his first election. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thoughtotherwise— Their vote was inconsistent with his self-concept. The third type of feedback is disconfirmation, which occurs when others fail to respond to your notion of self by responding neutrally. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks. Rather than relying on how others classify you, consider how you identify yourself. The way in which you identify yourself is the best refection of yourself-image.11. Why she could not get through to him12. He has difficulty finding affordable housing13. A code number is necessary to run the copy machine14. He will stop work to take care of the baby15. The shopping center is flooded with people16. It will take longer to reconnect the computers to the Net17. She did see Prof. Smith on TV18. The man has to go to see his doctor again19. It is planning to tour East Asia20. A lot of good publicity21. Pay for the printing of the performance programme22. He might give up concert tours23. It can do harm to singer’s voice chords24. Many lack professional training25. Voice problems among pop singers26. It has not been very successful27. It increases parking capacity28. Collect money and help new users29. They will be discountable to regular customers30. Meat consumption has an adverse effect on the environment31. It lacks the vitamins and minerals essential for health32. Quit eating meats33. They do not admit being alcohol addicts34. To stop them from fighting back35. With support they can be brought back to a normal life36. Included37. categories38. similar39. acquaintance40. recently41. volunteer42. citizen43. indicative44. You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team45. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise46. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks文章题目：Scared silly over climate change62. terrifies63. depicted64. even though65. estimating66. confronted67. there68. argument69. excessively70. for example71. risk72. suffering73. Exaggeration74. doomed75. majority76. worst77. among78. extinctions79. searching for80. to81. despite翻译题目82. She fell into deep thought, with ________（她的眼睛紧盯着屏幕）.83. ______________（直到十八世纪中叶）did scientists realize that the whole of thebrain was involved in the working of the mind.84. It is universally acknowledged that nothing is more precious than time,__________（但又没有什么比时间更不受珍惜）.85. _________（你要是更小心些就好了）！The accident could have been avoided.86. A professor at the Academy has proposed that__________（设立专项基金来推进创新）.【参考答案】82. her eyes closely staring at the screen83. Not until the middle of the eighteenth century84. while nothing is less cherished than time85. If only you were more careful86. a special fund should be set up to boost innovation。