高考英语语法讲解及考点练习动词和动词短语(含解析)

动词和动词短语 重难点分析 对于动词和动词短语，主要考查词义辨析、动词的用法和搭配、一词多义以及在具体语境中正确使用动词短语。要特别注意一些最常用的词汇如get, make, have, take以及与它们构成的动词短语等。 一、动词分类一览表 动词的分类 例句 行为动词 (实义动词) 及物动词(vt.)+宾语 He sang a song for us. 不及物动词(vi.) 后不接宾语 He arrived late. +介词 He arrived in Wuhan at 10 a.m.

系动词 表人和事物的特征和状态：be, feel, appear, seem, look, sound, smell, taste等 He seems angry.

表状态变化：bee, get, go, turn, grow, fall等 The fish went bad. 表状态的延续或持续：keep, stay, remain等 He remained silent. 助动词 be, have, do, shall, will等，不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形或分词一起构成谓语的各种形式 I have bought a car.

情态动词 can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would, must, need, dare等 He may e tomorrow. 注意：有些动词是兼类词。如：We have lunch at 12. (行为动词) / We have been to Japan. (助动词) 二、动词短语构成一览表 动词短语构成 示例 例句 动词+副词 break out 爆发 The AntiJapanese War broke out in 1931. 动词+介词 agree with 同意 I agree with you on that point. 动词+副词+介词 e up with 想出；提出 I came up with a good idea. 动词+名词+介词 make use of 利用 You should make full use of your time. 动词+名词 take place 发生 Great changes are taking place in our life. 三、常用动词短语归纳 常用动词e, go, keep, look, make, put, take, turn, get的相关搭配 1. ee about 发生；造成 e across 偶然遇到 e after 追踪；跟在……后面 e along 一道走；赶快 e at 向……扑过来 e from 来自 e on 跟随；上演；赶快；加油 e out 出来；出版；结果是 e to (oneself) 苏醒；总共；达到；涉及 e to an agreement 达成协议 e to a close/an end 终止；结束 e to life 活过来 e to light 泄露；被发现 e to mind 想起；回忆起 e to the point (讲话、写文章等)切中要害 e to the/one’s rescue 营救；帮助 e true 实现；变成现实 e up with 想出；提出e into being/existence 出现；开始形成；成立 e in 进来；上市；流行起来；(比赛中)得……名次(e in second 得第二名) 2. go go about 此处走动 go after 追赶；追捕；追求 go ahead 前进；说吧；走吧；做吧(口语) go all out to do sth. 全力以赴做某事 go beyond 超出；超出……的能力 go by 从……经过/通过；时间流逝 go back to 追溯到；回顾 go down 下降；下跌 go in for 参与；从事；爱好 go into 进入；从事 go off 离开某地；爆炸 go over 复习；超过期限；审阅；仔细查看 go out 熄灭；出去；过时 go through 穿过；经受 go too far 太过分；走得太远 go with 相配(同义词match) go well with 协调；相配 go wrong 出错；发生故障go around/round 绕道；四处走动；(故事、消息等)传开；萦绕 3. keepkeep away 不靠近；远离 keep back 向后退；保留 keep in mind 记住；把……记在心里 keep in order 保持整齐；使井井有条 keep in touch with 保持联系 keep one’s ears open 留心细听；倾听 keep one’s eyes open 留心；注意 keep out 不让入内；不要进来 keep out of 不参与；不牵涉进去；置身事外 keep quiet 保持安静 keep up your courage 鼓起勇气；保持勇气 keep up with 跟上keep off 不接近；保持距离；避开；回避(某话题) 4. looklook about/around 四周环顾 look after 照顾 look ahead 向前看；展望未来 look at 看 look back 回顾；回过头看 look down upon 看不起 look down one’s nose at 傲慢；轻视某人 look forward to 期待 look into 调查 look like 看起来像 look out (of) 当心；小心；向外看 look through 浏览；看穿 look up 仰视；查找(字典、 本等) look up to sb. 尊敬 look up and down上下打量(某人) look to 指望；寄望；依靠 look on 袖手旁观 look over 仔细检查5. makemake sense 说得通；有意义；言之有理 make up 构成 make up for 弥补；补偿 make up one’s mind 下决心；决定 make an effort to / make efforts to 努力；尽力 make oneself heard 让自己被别人听到 make good sense / no sense 有意义/没意义 make fun of 嘲笑；取笑 be made up of 由……组成/构成 make tea/coffee 泡茶/泡咖啡 make a living 某人 make a difference 有影响；有关系 make full use of 充分利用 make excuses 超借口；辩解 make a contribution to 为……做贡献 make a plaint 提出投诉

make a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象 6. putput away 放好；收起来 put aside 放在一边；暂时不做；留出 put back 放回原处 put down 放下；拒绝；写下来 put forward 提出(计划、建议等) put off 推迟；延期；脱掉(衣服等) put into use 投入使用 put on 穿上；上演 put out 扑灭；吹灭 put up 举起；张贴 put up with 忍受；忍耐 put one’s heart into 全心全意投入 put in prison 投入监狱 put on weight 增肥put through 做完；完成；接通 (=get through) 7. take take away 拿走；带走 take back 拿回来 take A for B 把A误认为是B take part in 参加 take advantage of 利用 take care of 照顾 take charge of 负责；管理 take a chance 碰运气 take hold of 抓住；掌握 take notice of 留心；注意 take the opportunity of 抓住机会 take the place of 代替 take the risk of 冒……的险 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占据(时间、地方等)；从事于 take in 吸收；欺骗 take in turn 依次 take a shower 冲凉 take pride in = be proud of 为……感到骄傲8. turn turn against 背叛；反对 turn around 转身；转过来 turn up 调大声；出现 turn down 调小声；拒绝 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉 turn…into… 把……变成…… turn in 上交(=hand in) turn out to be 结果是；结局是 turn over 翻动；翻过 turn to 转向；求助于 turn right/left 右转/左转 turn away 解雇；把……打发走 turn back 折回9. get get accustomed to 习惯于 get across 度过；通过；说服；使理解 get ahead of 胜过；超过 get on/along well with 与……相处融洽 get away with侥幸逃脱；避免受罚 get away from 拜托 get back 取回；回来；报复 get down to 认真对待；静下心来 get familiar with 熟悉 get hold of 获得；取得 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 get into bad habits 染上恶习 get off 下车 get on 上车 get out of 从……出来 get over 越过；克服 get ready for 为……作准备 get rid of 除去；去掉；免除；摆脱