3级-新练习

Book 3 Unit 1形成性练习I．RFDirections: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over passages quickly and read ten statements after each of them.For statements1-10, writeT (for True) if the statement agrees with the information given in the above paragraph(s);F (for False) if the statement contradicts the information given in the above paragraph(s);N (for Not given) if the statement is not given in the above paragraph(s);(1)Memory Lane Isn't What It Used to BeAbout this time every year, I get very nostalgic. Walking through my neighborhood on a fall afternoon reminds me of a time not too long ago when sounds of children filled the air, children playing games on a hill, and throwing leaves around in the street below, I was one of those children, carefree and happy. I live on a street that is only one block long. I have lived on the same street for sixteen years. I love my street. One side has six houses on it, and the other has only two houses, with a small hill in the middle and a huge cottonwood tree on one end. When I think of home, I think of my street, only I see it as it was before. Unfortunately, things change. One day, not long ago, I looked around and saw how different everything has become. Life on my street will never be the same because neighbors are quickly growing old, friends are growing up and leaving, and the city is planning to destroy my precious hill and sell the property to contractors.It is hard for me to accept that many of my wonderful neighbors arc growing old and won't be around much longer. I have fond memories of the couple across the street, who sat together on their porch swing almost every evening, the widow next door who yelled at my brother and me for being too loud, and the crazy old man in a black suit who drove an old car. In contrast to those people, the people I see today are very old neighbors who have seen better days. The man in the black suit says he wants to die, and another neighbor just sold his house and moved into a nursing home. The lady who used to yell at us is too tired to bother anymore, and the couple across the street rarely go out to their front porch these days. It is difficult to watch these precious people as they near the end of their lives because at one time I thought they would live forever.The “comings and goings” of the younger generation of my street are now mostly “going” as friends and peers move on. Once upon a time, my life and the lives of my peers revolve around home. The boundary of our world was the gutter at the end of the street. We got pleasure from playing night games, or from a breathtaking ride on a bicycle. Things are different now, as my friends become adults and move on. Children who rode tricycles now drive cars. The kids who once played with me now have new interests and values as they go their separate ways. Some have gone away to college, a few got married, two went into the army, and one went to prison. Watching all these people grow up and go away only makes me long for the good old days.Perhaps the biggest change on my street is the fact that the city is going to turn my precious hill into several lots for new homes. For sixteen years, the view out of my kitchen window has been a view of that hill. The hill was a fundamental part of my childhood life; it was the hub of social activity for the children of my street. We spent hours there building forts, sledding, and playing tag. The view out of my kitchen window now is very different; it is one of tractors and dump trucks tearing up the hill. When the hill goes, the neighborhood will not be the same. It is a piece of my childhood. It is a visual reminder of being a kid. Without the hill, my street will be just another pea in the pod.There was a time when my street was my world, and I thought my world would never change. But something happened. People grow up, and people grow old. Places change, and with the change comes the heartache of knowing I can never go back to the times I loved. In a year or so, I will be gone just like many of my neighbors. I will always look back to my years as a child, but the place I remember will not be the silent street whose peace is interrupted by the sounds of construction. It will be the happy, noisy, somewhat strange, but wonderful street I knew as a child.Statements1. By saying “nostalgic”, the writer means that he misses his parents very much.2. The writer feels sentimental every time he walks along his street every year when autumn comes.3. The writer has been living on the same street for sixteen years since he was born.4. The writer finds it hard to accept the fact that many of his good neighbors are moving out.5. The lady who used to yell at the writer and his brother for being too loud has ceased to live.6. The writer thinks of the past all the more when he sees those who had grown up with him leave the neighborhood they grew up in.7. None of the writer’s friends and peers still lives on the street now.8. The biggest change on the writer's street is removing the hill to make way for residential development.9. When the writer says that his street will be another pea in the pod, he means that his street will have some new attractions.10. The writer will move out of his street like many of his neighbors in a year or so.Key: 1-5 F T N F F 6-10 T F T F T(2)Passage OneThe world population growth rate is expected to decline in the 2000s, falling from 1.8% currently (in 2000) to1.5% in the year 2010, according to the US Bureau of the Census. However, total population will increase by one billion during each of the next three decades.“Global population was estimated at 5.3 billion people in1994. 75% of the earth’s inhabitants lived in developing nations, and that proportion is going to reach over 80% by the year 2020,” says the Census Bureau.“Even with a reduced growth rate, population increases continue to be large because the population itself is so large,” points out the Population Reference Bureau (PRB). The United Nations’ high, medium, and low forecasts for the world’s population are based on specific assumptions about fertility and mortality (死亡率). For instance, if mortality continues to decline and current family-planning programs and other socioeconomic policies continue to lower fertility, the world’s population could stop growing after reaching about 10-11 billion people in the latter half of the next century. If fertility declines at a faster pace, world population could stop growing in 2040 at 8 bi1lion. But if fertility declines at a slower pace, the population will grow until 2130 to 14 billion according to PRB.Rural-to-urban migration, combined with natural increase, is leading to a disproportionate (不成比例的) growth in urban population, especially in developing nations, says PRB. In 1950, only three cities had populations over 10 million. Now there are 11 such cities, and that number is growing.Currently, 41% of the world's populations live in urban areas. In 2020, this proportion is expected to increase to 60%. Urban populations in developing countries are growing at twice the rural rate, according to the Census Bureau. But rural populations in the Third World are still growing faster than urban populations in industrialized nations.Statements1. It is estimated that the world population growth rate between 2000and 2010is going to decrease.2. According to Paragraph 2, by the year 2020 there will be over 80% of the world population living in developed nations.3. A large population base is the cause of the increase of the world population.4. There are 11 cities with populations over 10 million in developing nations.5. In 2020, 60% of the world's population is thought to live in urban area.Passage TwoIn Africa and Asia there is a very serious disease called schistosomiasis (血吸虫病). It is caused by a tiny worm which can penetrate the skin of a human being and cause a potentially serious illness. The larvae ( 幼虫) of these worms live in certain types of snails (蜗牛). When they are ready, the larvae (幼虫) leave the snails and enter the bodies of men and animals.In many African rivers there is a large animal called a hippopotamus (河马). It looks rather like an enormous sausage with short legs and a big mouth. Hippos spend much of their time in the river and they do not seem to serve any purpose. Because of this, some African governments ordered that the great animals should be shot on sight to provide meat for local people. When hunters killed most of the hippos in some areas, the number of cases of the disease increased rapidly. There were outbreaks of the disease in areas which had not previously experienced it. At first, the health authorities could not understand the reason why the disease had spread. They made investigations and discovered some very surprising facts.When they are in the water, hippos keep the muddy water in motion because they move about frequently. When they climb up on the river bank, they go in single file, making natural channels down which rain water can flow into the river. Without the hippos, mud gathered in the rivers and caused them to run over their banks. At the same time, rain water was unable to drain into the rivers easily, and this also helped to produce floods. Certain types of water snail breed rapidly on flooded land, carrying with them the larvae which spread schistosomiasis.Now African governments are importing hippos so that Nature can do her work properly and keep the water snails under control. This is one example of what happens when Man interferes with the work of Nature.Statements6. Schistosomiasis is caused when the skin of a human being is penetrated by certain kinds of snails.7. When hippos are considered useless, some African governments ordered that the great animals be sent to zoos.8. Schistosomiasis spread in some areas when hunters killed 90% of the hippos in some areas.9. Rain water was able to drain into the rivers through the channels made by hippos.10. Nature cannot do her work in a satisfactory way if Man interferes with its work.Key: 1-5 TFTNF6-10 FFNTTII．Directions: In this section, there is a passage with five blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please choose the corresponding letter.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.Educational researchers have found that there is a strong relationship between reading and academic success. In other words, a student who is a good reader is more 1 to do well in schoo1and pass exams than a student who is a weak reader. Good readers can understand the individual sentences and the organizational structure of a piece of writing. They can comprehend ideas, 2 arguments, and detect implications. They know most of the words in the text already, but they can also determine the meaning of many of the 3 words from the context—failing this, they can use their dictionary effectively to do so. In summary, good readers can obtain from the writing what is important for the particular task they are employed in (从事于). And they can do it quickly!Educational researchers have also found a strong relationship between reading and vocabulary acquaintance. In other words, students who have a large vocabulary are usually good readers. This is not very surprising, since the best way to acquire a large vocabulary is to read a lot. And if you read 4 you are like1y to be or become a good reader! So if you want your child to be successful at school, encourage him or her to read. Reading non-fiction (非小说类文学) in English is probably the most important, but English fiction and any reading in the mother 5 --if done at length—will help your child develop the reading competence that is essential for academic achievement. Good book lists can be found in just about any library.Key: BCHAGIII.Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONEIV. CVBDirections:Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.(Key: D)1. Do you notice that a retarded child often shows a/an ______ look?A. hollowB. emptyC. bareD. vacant(Key: C)2. In many major cities there are more ______ apartments than there are homeless people.A. blankB. emptyC. vacantD. bare(Key: C)3. It is interesting that many animals can ______ their ears and noses. But it’s not easy for human beings to do so.A. trembleB. shiverC. quiverD. quicken(Key: B)4. A ______ computer of Apple brand costs far more in China than abroad.A. comparativeB. comparableC. comparingD. compared(Key: D)5. We should be ______ of the comfort of old people.A. concernedB. carefulC. considerableD. considerate(Key: D)6. The leader of the expedition ______ everyone to follow his example.A. promotedB. aspiredC. sparkedD. inspired(Key: C)7. After the English evening, the students said “Good night” to one another and went home ______.A. respectablyB. respectfullyC. respectivelyD. respectedly(Key: D)8. All products for sale or on sale should be ______ as far as quality is concerned.A. protectedB. pledgedC. guardedD. guaranteed(Key: D)9. The president called ______ the people of his country to work hard for national unity.A. upB. forC. outD. on(Key: C)10. It is not easy for chain smokers to ______ from smoking.A. restrainB. checkC. refrainD. retain(Key: C)11. You should try to ______ your ambition and be more realistic.A. reserveB. refrainC. restrainD. retain(Key: A)12. To make good friends, one has to be a(n) ______ person.A. uprightB. erectC. upwardD. straight(Key: B)13. She cut her hair short and tried to ______ herself as a man.A. decorateB. disguiseC. pretendD. fake(Key: A)14. Our guide ______ all of us and we could not find our way back to the hotel.A. misledB. forgaveC. forbadeD. approached(Key: B)15. Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, ______ themselves.A. expandingB. stretchingC. enlargingD. extending(Key: D)16. After four years in the same job, his enthusiasms finally ______.A. worsenedB. boomedC. decayedD. drained(Key: C)17. Although the two players are ______ in the tennis court, they are really good friends.A. partnersB. enemiesC. rivalsD. companions(Key: A)18. The prospect of increased prices has already ______ worries.A. provokedB. prohibitedC. inspiredD. encouragedV．WBDirections:Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word forms of the words given in the brackets.(Key: delivery)1. The next postal ______ is at 2 o’clock. (deliver)(Key: vacant)2. There is a place ______ over there where we can park our car. (vacancy)(Key: faithful)3. The dog remained ______ to his master. (faith)(Key: simplicity)4. She believes everything with childlike ______. (simple)(Key: declaration)5. Please make a written ______ of all the goods you bought abroad. (declare)(Key: costly)6. Selling your house can be a ______ and time-consuming business. (cost)(Key: comparable)7. A ______ car would cost far more abroad. (comparison)(Key: acknowledged)8. Professor Hawking is ______ as one of the world's greatest living physicians. (acknowledgement)(Key: considerate)9. Your children are always very ______ towards old people. (consideration)(Key: restrain)10. I had to ______ myself from telling him what I thought of him. (restraint)VI．TranslationDirections: Translate the English sentences into Chinese.1．When someone does something for you, no matter how small and no matter whether he is superior or inferior, it is proper to sa y “Thank you” to him.答案：每当有人帮助你，不论事情大小，无论他地位高低，你都应对他说声“谢谢”。