主谓一致和倒装
倒装结构+主谓一致专题
倒装结构1）全部倒装表示方向、地点的状语置于句首，而谓语又是表示运动的动词或表示存在的动词时，句子的主谓语通常全部倒装。
这类表示方向、地点的词有：up, down, away, here, in, out, off; 表示运动或存在的动词有：go, come, fall, rush, be, stand, lie等。
例：Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from the forest.2) 部分倒装①否定词或具有（半）否定意义的词语置于句首做状语时，一般必须采用部分倒装。
这类词有：no, never, seldom, little, few, rarely, hardly, nowhere, no longer, no more, not often, not until, not only, at no time, in no way, in/under no circumstances, in no case, on no account, hardly/scarcely/barely... when, no sooner... than, not only... but also等。
●真题分析19. Not until the day before yesterday to give a speech at the meeting.A) he agreed B) does he agreeC) he agrees D) did he agree【解析】该题考查的是not until置于句首时的倒装用法，not until后接时间，放在句首时，句子的谓语需部分倒装。
本句谓语为agree to do sth.，为过去时，倒装时需添加did一词置于主语he前面，形成did he agree结构，因此选D。
②“only+副词、介词短语、状语从句”位于句首，即当句首状语由only修饰时，采用部分倒装。
高考英语 考前小策略 倒装、虚拟语气、主谓一致及特殊句式讲练
2011英语考前小策略：倒装、虚拟语气、主谓一致及特殊句式讲练倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。
倒装句有两种：完全倒装和部分倒装。
1. 完全倒装完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前（是整个谓语动词，而非助动词）。
例如：In came the teacher and the class began.1) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 以及方位副词：up/down/in/out/away/off等开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall,, go, lie/exist remain, seem, stand等不及物动词时，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。
①Up climbed the boy when his mother came.②There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.③Here comes the bus.④For a moment nothing happened. Then _____all shouting together.(09福建)A voices had comeB came voicesC did voices comeD voices would come注意:①在here, there引出的倒装句中，当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句，但当主语是代词时，就不倒装。
比较：Here comes the postman!Here we are.②当强调表语时，可以使用完全倒装句，起强调作用。
①Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.②Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.3)such +be+主语的情况用以强调表语。
高中英语语法专题-强调句、倒装句和主谓一致-课时2
名词，则谓语动词 popular. 丛林徒步旅行、钓鱼、骑马、网球运动、高尔夫球运动和
也用复数形式 帆船运动都很受欢迎。
动名词短语作主语 Giving up using the Net is the best decision I’ve ever made. 放弃使用 时，谓语动词用单 因特网是我所做的最好的决定。 数形式 不定式短语作主语 To answer that question is not easy. 回答那个问题不容易。 时，谓语动词用单 数形式
情况
由连词and或both…and 连接的主语，其谓语动 词用复数形式；但若所 连接的两个词是指同一 个人或物时，谓语动词 就用单数形式
例句 Joan and Lily are twins. 琼与莉莉是孪生姐妹。 Bread and milk is healthy food. 面包牛奶是健康 食品。 Fish and chips is popular with children. 炸鱼土 豆片很受孩子喜爱。
形式
cleaning the river. 政府也已经投资净化河水。
情况
例句
what, who, which, any,
Who likes / like playing computer games? 谁喜欢玩电脑
more, all 等代词可用作单数 游戏？
，也可用作复数， 主要靠 What is / are on the table? 桌子上有什么？
课时2 【核心知识：主谓一致】
1. 表解主谓一致
（3）主谓一致的三个原则
知 识 拓 展
①语法一致 谓语动词与主语在语 法形式上保持一致， 即主语是单数形式， 动词用单数形式，主 语是复数形式，动词 用复数形式。
中的主语与谓语关系
中的主语与谓语关系在中文语法中，主语和谓语是构成句子的两个重要成分，主语是表示动作的发出者或经历者，谓语是对主语所做的动作或者所具备的性质进行说明。
主语和谓语之间的关系是句子意义的核心所在，下面将从不同的角度探讨中的主语与谓语关系的几个方面。
一、主谓一致关系主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称、数和时态上要保持一致。
在汉语中，主语和谓语一般要在人称和数上保持一致。
比如，当主语是第一人称复数时，谓语要用第一人称复数形式，如“我们去游泳”；当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语要用第三人称单数形式，如“她喜欢唱歌”。
主谓一致关系的准确使用，有助于句子的表达准确和语言的流畅。
二、主谓的逻辑关系主谓之间除了存在一致关系外，还存在一种逻辑关系。
主语提供了句子中的主题，即句子表达的核心内容，而谓语则进一步说明主语的动作或性质。
主谓之间的逻辑关系可以是动宾关系，表示主语执行的动作作用于宾语，如“我爱你”；也可以是主谓关系，表示主语具备的性质或状态，如“天空晴朗”。
三、主谓的修辞关系主谓之间还存在一种修辞关系，即通过选择合适的主语和谓语来达到修辞目的，增强句子的表达效果。
修辞关系可以通过选择具有感染力的主语和形象生动的谓语来实现。
例如，“太阳升起了”比“天亮了”更具有感染力和形象性，能够吸引读者的注意力。
四、倒装句中的主谓关系在特定语境下，中文句子的主谓关系还可以通过倒装句来实现。
倒装句是指将谓语放在主语之前，用以强调句子中的主语，形成一种突出的效果。
比如，“鸟儿飞过来了”与“飞过来了鸟儿”在主谓关系上是等价的，但倒装句在语言表达上显得更加生动有力。
总结起来，中的主语与谓语关系在语法、逻辑和修辞等方面都具有重要意义。
主谓一致是确保句子准确和通顺的基本要求，而逻辑关系和修辞关系则决定了句子的表达效果和感染力。
倒装句的运用能够突出主语，使句子更具有表现力。
在写作和表达中，我们应该准确把握主谓关系，以达到清晰、准确、生动的表达效果。
高三英语一轮复习倒装与主谓一致学案
高三英语一轮复习倒装与主谓一致学案倒装句熟读深思：1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.周阳永远不会忘记他在《中国日报》报社第一天上班的劳动使命。
2.Only in this way can we have enough energy to study.只有这样, 我们才华有足够的物质来学习3.Only when you have seen what he or she does can you cover a story by yourself.只有等你见了他们的劳动以后,你才华独自去举行新闻采访。
4. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university...对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣, 在大学里我还专修过摄影呢。
5. Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in. 我刚坐下, 他就进来了。
6. No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain. 我一到家天就下起雨来。
7. He can swim and so can I. 他会游泳; 我也会。
8. So little did they agree on the plan that they couldn’t settle their differences. 他们对筹划有很不同的意见以致无法消除破裂。
9. Were he(=If he were) rich enough, he would buy a new car. 要是他有钱的话, 他会买一辆新的小汽车。
10. There goes the bell.铃响了。
11. In came the teacher and the class began.老师走了进来, 然后开始上课12. Under that tree sits a beautiful girl who is dressed in white. 那棵树下坐着一位身着白衣的美丽密斯。
中考英语主谓一致
3.主语后接有with, along with, together with, except, but连接另一个主语时，谓I 保持一致）5.集体名词family, team, class, group作主语时，如果表示整体，谓语动词用单数；如果表示个体成员，谓语动词用复数。
例：My family is a small one with 3 people. 我家是一个三口之家的小家庭。
7. A pair of shoes is on the table. 一双鞋子在桌上。
（谓语动词用单数）Two pairs of shoes are on the table. 两双鞋子在桌上。
（谓语动词用复数）8. The teacher and writer is coming to our school. 那位老师兼作家将来我们学校。
（同一个人）The teacher and the writer are coming to our school. 那位老师和那位作家将来我们学校。
(两个人)9.以so, neither开头的倒装句例：Jim watched TV last night. So did I. 吉姆看了电视。
我也看了（提到吉姆和我2人）---- Jim watched TV last night.也没看。
12.表示“某个人有---”，用have, has例：They have some books. （主语不是第三人称单数，用have）特殊疑问句：What do they have? What does she have?主谓一致练习：1. There ________ a lot of rain in this area in August every year.A. isB. areC. wasD. were2. Some of my classmates ________ from other cities.A. comesB. isC. are3. A number of students ________ in the dinning hall.------Let me count. The number of the students ________ about 200.A. are, isB. is, areC. are, are4. Either Mary or he ________ going to Paris. Only one person may go there.A. areB. isC. was5. One of my friends ________ already moved to London.A. doB. doesC. haveD. has6. There _____ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me? ------All right, Mum.A. isB. areC. wasD. were7. How many countries ________ in Europe? ------I’m not sure.A. is itB. is thereC. are theyD. are there8. ________ a pen and two books on the desk.A. There areB. There isC. HaveD. Has9. There ________ some old people taking a walk in the park.A. isB. areC. hadD. have10. Not only Jim but also his sister ________ a few cities in the south since they came to China.A. will visitB. has visitedC. have visitedD. visited11. Both Lily and Lucy ________ to the party yesterday.A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. were invited12. Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meetingbegan.A. areB. isC. wasD. were13. When are you going to Beijing for your holidays?------I haven’t decided. ________ this Sunday ________ next Sunday is OK.A. Both, andB. Either, orC. Neither, norD. Not only, but also14. Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? ------I think ________ them are useful.A. either ofB. none ofC. both ofD. all of15. How many teachers are there in your school? ------About 200. One third of them ________ men teachers.A. haveB. hasC. areD. is16.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang ________ Goodwill Ambassadors （亲善大使） for Shanghai.A. has been namedB. have been namedC. has namedD. have named17. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. ________ of them are the pride of China.A. BothB. NeitherC. AllD. None18. Listen! Someone ________ outside. A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. are singing19. It rained heavily this morning, but ________ of classmates were away from school.A. neitherB. noneC. allD. both20. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees ________ in the Amazon rainforest（亚马逊雨林） last year.A. was cut downB. have been cut downC. were cut downD. had been cut down21. Not only his parents but also his grandfather ________ to a lot of places of interest in our country since they came here.A. has goneB. has beenC. have goneD. have been22. ________ she or you going to Beijing next week?A. IsB. AreC. WasD. Were23. Three fourths of the earth ________ covered with water.A. areB. isC. wereD. being24. The mother with her little son ________ at my home on that snowy night.A. wereB. wasC. isD. are25. The singer and dancer ________ yet.A. don’t comeB. haven’t comeC. didn’t comeD. hasn’t come26. How many students are there in your school?------________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand.A. The number of, isB. The number of, areC. A number of, isD. A number of, are27. Swimming in the pool with the children ________ very interesting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is28. Physics（物理） ________ my favorite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are29. The paper for books and newspapers ________ made from wood.（木头）A. areB. isC. hasD. have倒装句练习：30.Do you think we’ll need a coffee pot（咖啡壶）?I don’t drink coffee, and _____. It’s not necessary. Why not a tea service（茶壶）?A. so do youB. neither you doC. so you doD. neither do you31. Jim wants to take part in the torch relay（火炬接力） of the 2008 Olympic Games.------________.A. So I doB. So do IC. Neither do ID. Nor do I32. Jim works hard at his Chinese and ________.A. so Lucy doesB. so is LucyC. so does LucyD. so Lucy is33. I am interested in science. What about you? ------________.A. So do IB. So am IC. So I am34.I’m going to an amusement par k. ------________.A. So am IB. so are youC. So you areD. So I am35. Jim is trying his best to learn Chinese Kungfu. ------________.A. So does MikeB. So is MikeC. So Mike doesD. So Mike is36.How well Anna dances! I can’t believe my eyes! ------________.A. So she doesB. So does sheC. Neither can sheD. So can I37. In recent（最近的） years, more and more Americans like traveling during holidays. ------________.A. So do we ChineseB. So will we ChineseC. So we Chinese doD. So we Chinese will38.Lily’s not visited many places of great interest in China. ________.A. So has her twin sisterB. Neither is her twin sisterC. Neither has her twin sisterD. So her twin sister has39.You’ve left the light on. ------________. I’ll go and turn it off.A. So I haveB. So do IC. Nor have ID. Neither I do40. David has made great progress recently.（近来） ------________, and ________.A. So he has, so have youB. So he has, so you haveC. So has he, so you haveD.So has he, so have you41.Mr. Watson won’t be here next week, and ________.A.neither will his wifeB. neither his wife won’tC. his wife won’t neitherD. hiswife will either主谓一致和倒装句答案：1到20题 ACABD ADBBB DCBCC BACBC21到40题 BABBD ADBBD BCBAB AACAA A。
高考英语 考前小策略 倒装、虚拟语气、主谓一致及特殊句式讲练
2021英语考前小策略：倒装、虚拟语气、主谓一致及特殊句式讲练倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子构造或者强调某一句子成分。
倒装句有两种：完全倒装和局部倒装。
1. 完全倒装完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前〔是整个谓语动词，而非助动词〕。
例如：In came the teacher and the class began.1) 由地点和时间是副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here, there和时间是副词now, then 以及方位副词：up/down/in/out/away/off等开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall,, go, lie/exist remain, seem, stand等不及物动词时，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。
①Up climbed the boy when his mother came.②There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.③Here comes the bus.④For a moment nothing happened. Then _____all shouting together.(09)A voices had comeB came voicesC did voices comeD voices would come注意:①在here, there引出的倒装句中，当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句，但当主语是代词时，就不倒装。
比拟：Here comes the postman!Here we are.②当强调表语时，可以使用完全倒装句，起强调作用。
①Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.②Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.3)such +be+主语的情况用以强调表语。
高考英语主谓一致
主谓一致英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和单复数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词一致;谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单复数形式的变化而变化;高考英语中主要以完形填空和语法填空的形式,同时可能会结合其他语法点比如非谓语动词和复合句等来考查;一、主谓一致的三原则主谓一致一般要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则;（一）语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式;Jolin has made great success with so many years going on.Jolin是单数形式,谓语动词have也应当用单数形式hasThe Jolins are very fond of singing .the Jolins 指一家人,表示复数,谓语动词be也应当用复数形式are;（二）意义一致原则意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来处理主谓一致问题;有时候主语在形式上是单数形式,但是其意义是负数,谓语动词根据意义而定,采用复数形式;The singer and artist is holding a concert called “land blue”.歌星和大艺术家是同一个人,是单数;The old are very well taken care of in our city.the old 指所有老年人,指一类人,是复数;（三）就近原则就近原则是指谓语动词的变化以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定;Linlin or you are supposed to get into the hole.You是最靠近谓语动词的主语部分,因此be动词应当用复数形式的are;二、主谓一致的详细讲解（一）代词作主语1．不定代词either, neither, each, one, the other,another以及复合不定代词someone, somebody等作主语,谓语动词用单数;Someone has parked the car on the street.One is from the USA and the other two are from the UK.2.不定代词none作主语时如果指人或者可数的物,指数目,谓语动词单复数均可；如果指不可数名词,指量,谓语动词用单数;None of the students have/has made the mistakes this time.Jimmy has used up all the money. None is left.3.all单独作主语指人时,谓语动词用复数,指物时,谓语动词用单数;All are present at the meeting.All is going on very well.4.由each修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;Each位于复数主语后或者句尾作同位语时,不影响谓语动词的单复数形式;Each student has a walkman which helps them improve their listening.They each have won the first prize.=They have won the first prize each.5.neither of和 either of加复数名词或者代词作主语,谓语动词用单复数均可;Either of the story is/are interesting;Neither of us has/have received the postcard.6.such作主语时谓语动词的单复数形式应当根据其意义而定;Such is Stephen Hawing , who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.Such are the difficulties that we are faced with.7.疑问代词作主语时,谓语动词应当根据其实际意义来判断单复数;Who is the girl over thereWho are the girls over thereWhich is your book, this one or that oneWhich are your books, these or those8.关系代词作主语,其人称和数的变化随先行词而定;参加定语从句讲义;Those who have seen the film please put up your hands.The man who is speaking at the meeting is our chairman.注意三种结构：one of, the only of,not the only of加名词或者代词结构中的定语从句的单复数;参见定语从句讲义;二名词作主语1.集体名词作主语1people, cattle, police只有复数概念的集体名词,谓语动词用复数;2audience, army, class, company, enemy, family, group, public, government,population等集体名词作主语,若作为一个主体,谓语动词用单数；若着眼于成员或者个体,谓语动词用复数;His family was the largest among the whole village.My family are going on a trip this summer.3equipment, furniture, baggage, machinery, clothing, jewellery等表示某一类物品总称的集体名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;因为这些词是不可数名词;2.单复数同形的词作主语,谓语动词单复数根据其意义而定;means, fish, sheep, deer, crossroads, series, species, works工厂Each means has been tried to solve the problem.There are various of means to solve the problem.1work与workswork表示“工作”,不可数名词,谓语动词永远用单数;work表示“作品”,可数名词,谓语动词用单数；复数形式是works,谓语动词用复数;works表示“工厂”,单复数同形;谓语动词视其句子中的意义而定;2a series of + n 和a species of +n作主语,谓语动词用单数;3.以s结尾的由两部分组成的表示衣物或者工具的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;如：glasses, shoes, boots, pants, chopsticks, scissors, socks, stockings, trousers 等但是前面有“a pair of”或者“pairs of”修饰时,谓语动词与pair保持一致;4.以s结尾的学科作主语,谓语动词用单数;如：politics, physics, mathematics5.以s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛和表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语,常被看做整体,谓语动词用单数;Twenty years has passed.A hundred miles is a long way.三含有修饰语的名词的主谓一致1. a number of和the number ofa number of + 复数名词,表示“很多”,谓语动词用复数；the number of + 复数名词,表示“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数;2.some, plenty of , a lot of, lots of等既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,其谓语动词单复数根据所修饰的词而定;Some people work to live while some people live to work.A lot of work is to be done to prepare for the conference.3.主语含有quantity,谓语动词单复数看quantitya quantity of + 可数名词/不可数名词,谓语动词用单数quantities of +可数名词/不可数名词,谓语动词用复数4.most of, the rest, the rest of, part, part of作主语,谓语动词应根据所修饰的名词或者代词而定;Part of his story was not true.Part of the teachers are from England.5.百分数,分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词根据of后的名词决定单复数;50% of the land is now suitable to grow crops.20% of the people object to the new law.注意一个例外：当用“one in”或者“one out of”表示几分之一时,谓语动词不看of后的名词,只用单数;It is reported that one in ten people suffers from lung cancer.One out of twenty was badly damaged.6.“the majority of + 复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“the majority”单独作主语,谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数;The majority of boys like football.The majority were/was in favor of the proposal.7.“a kind of , this kind of , many kinds of +名词”作主语,谓语动词与of后的名词保持数的一致;kind可以替换成sort,type,form8.“more than one +单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数;“more +复数名词+ than one”作主语,谓语动词用复数;More than one person was injured in the accident.More members than one are against the proposal.9.“many a + 单数名词”作主语,谓语用单数;Many a student has failed in the exam.10.“one or two +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“a/an + 单数名词 + or two”作主语,谓语动词用单数;One or two days are enough for the work.A day or two is enough for the work.四并列结构作主语的主谓一致1.and 问题1both…and…作主语,谓语用复数;2and连接人名或者人称代词作主语,谓语动词用复数;3两个名词共用一个冠词,用and连接,表示同一人、同一事或者同意概念,谓语用单数;The singer and the dancer are to attend the party. 歌星和舞蹈家都会参加派对;The singer and dancer is to attend the party. 那个歌星兼舞蹈家会参加派对;常见表示同一概念的短语：bread and butter 面包黄油a horse and cart 一套马车a knife and fork 一副刀叉a cup and saucer 一套茶盘}4every + 单数名词 + and + every +单数名词each + 单数名词 + and + each +单数名词no + 单数名词 + and +no +单数名词谓语动词用单数many a +单数名词 + and + many a +单数名词2.either…or… ,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,or作主语,谓语动词采取就近原则;Neither you nor your mother is right.You, he, or I am right.Not only he but also I am right.Is either he or you right3.主语后面有with, together with, along with, as well as , like , such as , rather than , besides , including , in addition to , except 等词修饰,谓语动词不受这些词影响;I as well as you am to blame for breaking the window.五动名词短语,不定式短语,名词性从句充当句子主语时,谓语动词用单数;Translating the books is not so easy.To see is to believe.he said is right.注意：1.and连接的不定式、动名词或者从句作主语,谓语动词应当根据句子的单复数概念决定用单数还是复数;When to hold the meeting and where to hold are two things.Going to bed early and getting up early is good habit.2.what引导的主语从句,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但若从句后的表语是负数形式或者从句本身表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式;What they need are books.比较：What they need is more money.六其他情况1.四则运算:相加、相乘,谓语动词单复数均可;相减、相除,谓语动词用单数;Fifteen and fifteen is/are/makes/make/equals/equal/is equal to/are equal to thirty.Five times six is/are/makes/make/equals/equal/is equal to/are equal to thirty.Fifteen minus five is makes/equals/is equal to ten.Fifteen divided by five makes/equals/is equal to three.2.There / Here句型采取就近原则;Here goes a bus.There is a bus.3.倒装句在倒装句中谓语动词应与后面的主语保持一致;On the wall is a photo of my family.Gone are the days when we worked together, laughed together.4.名词化的形容词the + 形容词表示一类人,谓语动词用复数the + 形容词表示一类物,谓语动词用单数The poor are the part of people we help.The beautiful gives happiness to all.注意：the + 国籍类形容词,谓语动词永远用复数The Chinese are like to be together during the Spring Festival.The Chinese are a hard-working people.。
高中英语倒装句+主谓一致讲解
倒装句1.only+状语（短语或从句）以only+状语开头的句子要用部分倒装，即将助动词或连系动词放在主语前面，如：1)Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.只有在我朋友来后电脑才能修好。
2)Only when you pointed it out for me did I realize that I was wrong.只有当你指出来了我才意识到我错了。
练习：1）只有用这种方法我们才能把英语学好。
2）只有当你完成作业后你才能看电视2.not only……but also…… 不但…而且1）当not only…but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致（就近原则，下面会讲）。
如：Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。
2）为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。
如：Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work. 她不仅仅迟到了3次，她还没干一点活。
Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water. 他们不但需要衣服，而且还缺水。
主谓一致（一）就近原则1. 由here，there，where 等引导的倒装句中，（有时主语不止一个时）谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Here comes my brother and his friends. 我弟弟和他朋友来了。
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
中考主谓一致和倒装句试题
中考主谓一致和倒装句试题（50题）1．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）Both Sandy and Millie ________ interested in cooking. They often learn to cook at weekends.A．amB．isC．are(正确答案)D．be2．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）Fresh water ________ more important than anything else.A．is(正确答案)B．areC．was3．（2021·广西玉林·中考真题）—Susan, how many women teachers are there in your school?—In our school, _______of the teachers _______ women teachers.A．third fourth; areB．third fourth; isC．three fourths; isD．three fourths; are(正确答案)4．（2021·贵州黔东南·中考真题）About ________ of the students in Kaili ________ to school boy bus.A．two fifth;goB．two fifths;go(正确答案)C．two fifth;goesD．two fifths;goes5．（2021·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）This pair of socks _________ soft. I’ll take_________.A．feel; itB．feels; itC．feels; them(正确答案)6．（2021·贵州贵阳·中考真题）Volunteering our time to help people __________ a good way to learn new things.A．amB．is(正确答案)C．are7．（2021·四川遂宁·中考真题）The number of the whales ________ smaller and smaller because of human activities now.A．wereB．wasC．is(正确答案)D．are8．（2021·山东青岛·一模）__________ people like shopping online, and about five sixths of them __________ adults.A．The number of; isB．A number of; are(正确答案)C．A number of; isD．The number of; are9．（2021·四川五通桥·二模）—How many boys are there in your class?—_________ them _________ over twenty.A．A number of; areB．The number of; areC．The number of; is(正确答案)10．（2021·内蒙古·二模）There ________ a number of good students in Hope Middle School and they seldom _______ today’s work till tomorrow.A．is;put awayB．is; put offC．are;put awayD．are;put off(正确答案)11．（2021·甘肃白银·一模）So far, the number of people using 5G smartphones________ a lot.A．is increasingB．are increasingC．has increased(正确答案)D．have increased12．（2020·安徽·合肥寿春中学模拟预测）—How much ________ the pair of shoes? —Twenty dollars ________ enough.A．is, is(正确答案)B．is, areC．are, isD．are, are13．（2020·江苏泰州·中考真题）This pair of trousers ________ smooth because they are made of Chinese silk.A．feels(正确答案)B．feelC．is feltD．are felt14．（2020·广西梧州·中考真题）—Which book do you prefer, Harry Potter or Treasure Island?—Harry Potter, of course, ________I ________ my sister likes it.A．Both; andB．Neither; norC．Not; butD．Not only; but also(正确答案)15．（2020·广西崇左·中考真题）Both Mike and his sister Lucy ________ good at Chinese.A．isB．amC．are(正确答案)D．be16．（2021·河北·模拟预测）―Your father has passed the driving test?―Yes. __________ my father __________ my mother has.A．Not only; but also(正确答案)B．Neither; norC．Both; andD．Either; or17．（2020·山东无棣·一模）____________ Tom ____________his sister like listening to pop music.A．Both; and(正确答案)B．Neither; norC．Either; orD．Not only; but also18．（2021·云南昆明·三模）Doing eye exercises ________ good for your health. A．areB．is(正确答案)C．haveD．has19．（2021·广西·河池市二模）As we all know, using public chopsticks ___________ necessary when we eat with others.A．is(正确答案)B．areC．wasD．were20．（2021·四川恩阳·一模）Nobody except you _________ late for the meeting yesterday afternoon.A．wereB．was(正确答案)C．isD．are21．（2021·辽宁·模拟预测）To keep safe, everyone ________ to wear a seat belt in the car.A．is supposed(正确答案)B．supposedC．are supposedD．will suppose22．（2020·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）A survey of the opinions ofexperts__________ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week __________good for our health.A．show; areB．shows; is(正确答案)C．show; isD．shows; are23．（2022·上海崇明·一模）Lynn ________ a bike to work on weekdays. She thinks it can help protect the environment.A．rideB．rides(正确答案)C．rodeD．has ridden24．（2021·山东桓台·二模）Yao Ming is a famous basketball player in China.________ knows him.A．Everyone(正确答案)B．All the peopleC．Some peopleD．Many people25．（2021·内蒙古玉泉·二模）In our class ________ of the students ________ girls. A．third fifths; isB．three fifths; are(正确答案)C．three fifth; isD．third fifth; are26．（2021·西藏·中考真题）Some people think one of the most useful inventions________ the smartphone.A．areB．is(正确答案)C．wereD．be27．（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In the year of 2020, each of us ________ by the people like Zhong Nanshan and Li Lanjuan who taught us how to fight against the difficulties in life with a strong will.A．were greatly encouragedB．greatly encouragesC．greatly encouragedD．was greatly encouraged(正确答案)28．（2021·江苏·二模）—I’ll drink half of the apple juice. The rest ________ for you, Sandy.—Only for us three? I’m afraid the rest ________ going to be unhappy.A．is; are(正确答案)C．is; isD．are; are29．（2021·吉林·二模）The desks in our school ________ made of wood.A．are(正确答案)B．isC．was30．（2021·吉林长春·中考真题）There __________ two people waiting for you outside now.A．isB．are(正确答案)C．wasD．were31．（2021·四川凉山·中考真题）—I often see Peter’s father play basketball on my way to school.—That’s not strange. Not only Peter but also his father ________ sports.A．enjoyB．enjoys(正确答案)C．enjoyedD．was enjoyed32．（2021·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）In the face of the variation (变异) of the virus, not only China but also other countries ________ to take action to fight against the crisis (危机).A．have(正确答案)C．having33．（2021·黑龙江·齐齐哈尔市一模）Neither Lucy nor Tim ________ the person in red.A．is(正确答案)B．areC．am34．（2021·江苏·三模）Neither Mark nor his parents ________ Sanya before, so they can’t wait to start the journey.A．have gone toB．have been to(正确答案)C．has gone toD．has been to35．（2021·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）There is plenty of information aboutAI（人工智能）on the website, ___________?A．isn’t there(正确答案)B．isn’t itC．is there36．（2020·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Mum, I'm hungry.—There____some biscuits on the table. Enjoy them, please.A．isB．are(正确答案)C．has37．（2021·辽宁营口·中考真题）One thousand kilometers ________ quite a long way to the ancient,but now we can complete the journey in about one hour by air.A．was(正确答案)B．hadC．wereD．have38．（2021·四川广元·中考真题）I plan to travel to America next month, and I think 2000 dollars ________ enough.A．wasB．areC．is(正确答案)D．were39．（2020·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My family __________ for dinner now. We’re busy.A．is preparingB．are preparing(正确答案)C．prepares40．（2021·云南开远·一模）The poor ________ getting fewer and fewer in our country these years under the leadership of President Xi.A．isB．are(正确答案)C．wasD．were41．（2021·黑龙江·模拟预测）100 days ________ a long time for the students in Grade Nine who are busy preparing for the final exam.A．aren’tB．be notC．isn’t(正确答案)42．（2021·甘肃·平凉市一模）My sister with my parents ________ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.A．are making.B．was making(正确答案)C．is makingD．were making43．（2021·浙江·模拟预测）The president of the college, together with the teachers_______ having a meeting for the purpose of developing rules.A．is(正确答案)B．areC．wereD．will be44．（2021·全国·模拟预测）A boy with two dogs ________ when the boy’s mother came back home.A．was sleeping(正确答案)B．is sleepingC．were sleepingD．are sleeping45．（2021·西藏·中考真题）—She’s never read the book Journey to the West. How about you?— ________ .A．So am IB．Neither have I(正确答案)C．So have ID．Neither do I46．（2021·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Only at that time ________ that he was wrong. A．he realizedB．did he realize(正确答案)C．he did realize47．（2021·黑龙江肇源·二模）— Jane got a cold this morning. She asked for two days’ leave.— ________, I had to see the doctor.A．So did I(正确答案)B．So I didC．So did sheD．So she did48．（2021·黑龙江·齐齐哈尔一模）— John sings well in our school.— ________ Henry, my best friend. He is also popular!A．So does(正确答案)B．Neither doesC．So is49．（2021·云南·三模）At 10: 00 tonight there _____a basketball match on the playground between them and us.A．is going to haveB．are going to haveC．are going to beD．is going to be(正确答案)50．（2020·河南新乡·一模）On the ground________all his shoes and clothes as if the house were broken in.A．lyingB．were lyingC．liedD．lay(正确答案)。
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中考冲刺二 主谓一致和倒装 撰稿：赵吉存 审稿：白雪雁 责编：牛新阁
目标认知： 主谓一致这个语法项目可以说从我们学习英语开始就一直伴随着我们，每当我用句子来进行交流时，无论是口头还是笔头的，都要考虑句子主语和谓语的一致，如句子的主语是第三人称单数形式，其谓语动词如果是一般现在时就也用第三人称单数形式；如果句子的主语是第一人称或者其他的人称，谓语动词一般用动词原形。因此主谓一致是打好中考试卷的基础，从单项选择到书面表达，都可能涉及到主谓一致的问题，都要求同学们对其很好地掌握，可以说是每年全国各地的中考试卷必考题目。 倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点，虽然初中英语涉及到的倒装句型不算太多，在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例，尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响，因此也是中考复习的重点。
精讲巧练 主谓一致 主谓一致就是句子的谓语动词形式在人称和数上必须和句子的主语保持一致，叫主谓一致。这种关系一般要遵循三个原则：语法上一致的原则；意义上一致的原则和就近一致的原则。 一、语法上的一致： 谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为复数形式。例如： The boy is clever enough to study maths well. 这个男孩够聪明，可以把数学学好。 Everybody in my class tries to do well in English. 我们班每个人都努力学好英语。 I. 下列情况谓语动词只能用单数： 1. 不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： Water is very important to the trees. 水对树来说非常重要。 2. 如果句子的主语是一个抽象的概念，抽象名词，此名词也是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 例如： Brave is one of his advantages. 勇敢是他的一个优点。 3. 动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： To improve your English is the most important work. 提高你的英语是最重要的工作。 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。 4. 不定代词each，one，another，something，somebody，nothing，nobody，everyone， everything，anyone，anything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 例如： Somebody is waiting for at the gate. 有人在大门口等你。 Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事只怕有心人。 5. 如果句子的主语是单数，尽管后面有with，together with，as well as，like，but，except等引 起的短语，谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如： My mother with her students often has a picnic in a park. 我的妈妈经常和她的学生在公园里野餐。 6. neither和either作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如： Either is very good. 两个中哪一个都很好。 Neither of them wants to eat outside. 他们两个都不想出去吃饭。 7. 固定短语 one of ＋名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： One of the boys in our class goes to school by car. 我们班一个男孩坐小汽车上学。 固定短语the number＋of ＋ 复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： The number of students in our school is more than two thousand. 我们学校学生的数量超过二千。 II. 下面的情况谓语动词只能用复数： 1．and或both „ and连接并列名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： He and his brother are both teachers.他和他的哥哥都是老师。 2．both, all, few,several,many等修饰可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： All his friends have come. 他的朋友都来了。 Many girls are fond of dancing.许多女孩子都喜欢跳舞。 3．表示总称意义的名词，如：people,cattle,police作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： The police are asking them questions. 警察正在询问他们一些问题。 Your clothes are very dirty. 你的衣服非常脏。 4．“the+形容词（或由分词演变而来的形容词）”作主语，表“一类人”时谓语动词用复数。例如： The rich are not always happy. 富人也不总是幸福的。 The wounded are still in hospital.所有受伤的都在住院。 5．固定短语“a number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 A number of students come from Sichuan.许多学生来自四川。 6．主语是表示两个相同的部分构成的物体的名词，如clothes,trousers,shoes,boots, glasses (眼 镜), socks,gloves,compasses等作主语，谓语动词用复数，但这些名词被this/a pair of修饰时， 谓语动词用单数。例如： Her shoes are green.她的鞋子是绿色的。 This pair of shoes is very expensive.这双鞋子非常昂贵。
III. 下列情况谓语动词可用单数也可用复数： 1．数词作主语且表“加减乘除”时，谓语动词通常用单数，但是也可用复数。例如： Nine and one is/ are ten.九加一等于十。 Two times three is/ are six.二乘以三等于六。 2．“none/neither of+代词/复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，但在口语中也可用复数。 例如： None of us knows/ know how to work out this problem. 我们中没有人知道如何解这个题。 Neither of you like/likes playing football.你们两个都不喜欢踢足球。 3. 一些集合名词，如family，class，group, team等作主语时，表示整体意义时，谓语动词用单数形 式，谓语动词用单数形式；当它们强调指个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： His family isn’t large. 他的家庭不大。（指家庭的整体） His family were watching TV when I arrived. 我到时他的一家人正在看电视。 （指具体的家庭成员）
二、意义上的一致： 1. 表示时间、距离、重量、长度和价值的名词，尽管是复数形式，作为一个整体来看待，谓语动词通 常用单数形式。例如： Three weeks is already enough for you to finish the work. 三个星期对你们完成这个工作已经足够了。 2. 以-ics结尾的学科名词如maths, physics, politics等，以及news，the United States等名词或短 语形式上是复数，但意义上是单数，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： Physics is my favourite subject. 物理是我最喜欢的学科。
三、就近一致： 1. 由连词either „ or，neither „ nor，not only„ but also及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词通常 与离它最近的主语保持一致。例如： Neither you nor your father is able to help me. 你和你爸爸都不能帮助我。 Either you or I go swimming with our father. 我或者你可以和爸爸一起去游泳。 2. there be句型中，谓语动词be往往和后面的第一个主语取得一致。例如： There is a dictionary and some books on the desk. 桌上有一本词典和一些书。 注意： 1. 判断准确句子的真正的主语，不要只看离谓语动词近的主语，要注意不同情况，否则很容易出现错 误。例如： Mr. Li, together with his children ______ (go) fishing on Sunday. 答案与解析：答案是goes。 这个句子真正的主语是Mr. Li而不是句子后面的children，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 goes。 2. both作主语时谓语动词用复数，either和neither经常看作单数，其谓语动词用单数形式。 Both of my parents are doctors. 我父母都是医生。 Neither of us has been to the Great Wall. 我们两个都没有去过长城。 3. some, any, all，most, the rest, none, 分数或百分数等作主语时，代替或修饰不可数名词时， 谓语动词用单数形式；代替或修饰复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式；而none代替和修饰复数名词 时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式都可以。例如： All is going well. 一切正常。 None (of us) have been to the Great Wall. (我们中)没有人去过长城。 None (of the money on the desk) is mine. (桌子上的钱)都不是我的。 Some (of the money) was spent on clothes. 一些（钱）花在了衣服上。 4. 疑问词what，which，who等作主语一般看成单数，谓语动词用单数形式，但是如果很明显指复数 时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Who is going to speak at the meeting? 谁要在会上发言呀？ Who are the children? 这些孩子是谁？ 5. 名词性物主代词mine, yours, theirs等作主语时，谓语动词取决于它们所代替的名词的数，代替单 数名词或不可数名词谓语动词用单数，代替复数名词谓语动词用复数。 His bike is old, but mine (=my bike) is new. 他的自行车旧，而我的新。 This is Mary’s bread. Yours is on the table. 这是玛丽的面包，你的在桌子上。