主谓一致和倒装句
初中英语 人教版 中考语法专题 13 倒装句和主谓一致
专题十三倒装句和主谓一致1.定义：倒装句：倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。
分类：完全倒装和部分倒装主谓一致：谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致分类：语法一致：谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致意义一致：谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致就近一致：谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致思维导图：倒装句和主谓一致倒装句部分倒装so/neither/noronly＋状语, 位于句首否定意义的词位于句首not only...but (also) 连接连个句子完全倒装here/there等地点副词放在句首，且主语为名词主谓一致并列成分作主语特殊形式的名词作主语表数量意义的词作主语不定代词或其他作主语there be 句型句型结构there be 与have的区别就近原则1.倒装句a.部分倒装1.so/neither/nor引导的倒装句2.only＋状语, 位于句首,主句用部分倒装Eg. Only in this way, can they learn English well.3.否定词:never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely;表否定意义的介词短语: at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on nocondition 等置于句首时。
Eg. Not a single mistake did he make.4.not only…, but also…连接两个句子，且not only所在的句子位于句首，其所在的句子要用部分倒装。
Eg. Not only does he get up early, but he also goes to bed early.b.完全倒装表示地点的副词here, there 置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) 时Eg. Here comes the bus.Here you are.2.主谓一致a.并列成分作主语3.there be句型典型例题总分：74分姓名：得分：1.单选题（每小题1分，共50分）（）1. -Last summer holiday, I didn't go anywhere. How boring!-________. But I'm going somewhere for a holiday this summer.A. Neither I didB. Neither did IC. So did ID. So I did （）2. -Tom hasn't gone back to his hometown for 10 years. - . It's a shameA. Neither do the SmithsB. Neither have the SmithsC. So have the Smiths （）3. Listen! ! Let's get into the classroom!A. There the bell goes!B. There goes the bell!C. The bell goes there!（）4. -Mike has lunch at school. - .A. So does TomB. So has TomC. So Tom hasD. So has Tom（）5. Hey, Nick. ______ comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we'll have to walk home.A. ThisB. ThereC. ThatD. It（）6. Only yesterday _______________ find out that his watch was lost.A. he couldB. he didC. did heD. does he（）8._________ he get up early, _______he also goes to bed early.A. Not only do; butB. Not only does; butC. Not only; butD. Not does; but does （）9. -Where's your sister?-Oh, she ________ the Laoshe Teahouse and ________.A. has been to; so Li Ming isB. has gone to; so Li Ming hasC. has gone to; so has Li MingD. has been in; so has Li Ming（）10. Don't worry. ___________A. Here the car comes.B. Here comes the car.C. Here the car is.D. The car here comes.（）11. If you don't go to the meeting tomorrow, ________.A. he won't, tooB. he won't, neitherC. neither does heD. neither will he （）12. Only by studying hard ________ improve her English soon.A. she canB. she didC. can sheD. did she（）13. in this shop can you buy this kind of shoes.A. JustB. StillC. YetD. Only（）14. -When some students throw rubbish in our classroom, I feel ____.- . It makes me want to tell them to clean up the classroom.A. angry; So do IB. uncomfortable; Neither I doC. anrily; So I doD. comfortable; Neither do I（）15. -Will you go to the party tomorrow?-If you go, ______. If you don't, _______.A. so will I, neither will IB. so do I, neither do IC. so I do, neither I doD. so I will, neither I will（）16. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treatedB. can the patients he treatedC. the patients can be treatedD. treated can be the patients（）17. On the top of the small hill , and it has a long history of more than four hundred years.A. stands an old templeB. an old temple standsC. does an old temple standD. an old temple does stand（）18. As your spoken English gets better, _______ your written English.A. so doesB. so willC. neither doesD. neither will（）19. Not a single song ____ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. had she sung（）20. -He could hardly understand what was being read, _______?-__________ could I. But he thought his English was perfect.A. could he; NeitherB. can he; NorC. couldn't he; SoD. couldn't he; Neither（）21.-I'd love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework________.-If you don't go, _____ .A. to do; so do IB. to do; nor will IC. doing; so will ID. do; neither am I（）22.-My mother hardly watches any sports shows. -_________A. So do mine.B. So does mine.C. Neither do mine.D. Neither does mine.（）23. If you go to his party tomorrow, .A. won't, neither do IB. don't, neither will IC. don't, neither do ID. /, so do I（）24. -I couldn't work out the math problem.-________. I found ________ difficult for us to do it.A. So could I; thisB. Neither could I; itC. So can I; thatD. Neither I could; it（）25.Only _________ save his life.A. can the doctorB. the doctor canC. will the doctorD. could the doctor（）26. Jenny, together with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.A. are going to; isn't rainyB. is going to; doesn't rainC. are going to; won't rainD. is going to; isn't rain（）27. The singer and the writer come to the meeting.A. hasB. isC. haveD. are（）28. Either the students or the teacher him very well.A. knowsB. to knowC. knowD. knew（）29. of the students in our class _____ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths, isB. Second fifths, areC. Second fifths, isD. Two fifths, are（）30.There a pen and two rulers on the desk.A. hasB. areC. haveD. is（）31. Listening to tapes _______ a good way to learn English.A. isB. areC. amD. be（）32. This museum ______ here for over 80 years. It ______one of the oldest buildings in this city.A. is; wasB. had been; isC. was; has beenD. has been; is（）33 .________green or ________in a light green room ________good for us.A. Wear, sleep, isB. Wearing, sleeping, areC. Wear, sleep, areD. Wearing, sleeping, is （）34. Running and swimming ____ good for you.A. beB. isC. areD. maybe（）35.-Betty, do you know if Tony _______ the photo competition?-He will, if he _______ his project on Australia.A. enters; finishesB. enters; will finishC. will enter; finishesD. will enter; will finish （）36. -The teacher told the students ________ the task in one day.-That's too long. I think four hours ________ enough.A. to finish; isB. to finish; areC. finish; isD. finish; are（）37.-Li Lei, you'd better go to bed early.-Ok, I'll go to bed as soon as I ______ my homework.A. will finishB. finishingC. finishD. finishes（）38.Twelve-year-olds ______ to have jobs in our country.A. is not allowedB. are allowedC. is allowedD. are not allowed（）39.________ the students in our school _______ over two thousand.A. The number of; isB. The number of; areC. A number of; isD. A number of; are （）40.- What kind of movies do you prefer?-I prefer the movies ________ me something to think about.A. that giveB. that givesC. what givesD. who gives（）41. -What _____ to your city in recent years?-Lots of wide roads, tall buildings and beautiful parks have been built.A. takes placeB. have happenedC. has happenedD. happened（）42.These CDs well, and they will soon.A. sell; sold outB. sell out; be soldC. sell; be sold outD. sold out; be sold（）43.-What does he look like?- He ______________ of medium height and he ______________ small eyes.A. has; hasB. is; isC. has; isD. is; has（）44.In our school library, there a number of books and the number of them _______ growing larger and larger,A. is; areB. has; isC. are; isD. have; are（）45. -There ______ a magic show next week. Would you like to go with me?-Sure, I'd love to.A. will haveB. isC. is going to haveD. is going to be（）46.All the club members _______ the floor when they heard someone _______ for help.A. swept; were shoutingB. swept; shoutedC. were sweeping; shoutingD. was sweeping; shouted（）47. As a result of the earthquake, two thirds of the buildings in the area .A. need repairingB. needs repairingC. needs to be repairedD. need to repair（）48.We all know that the Moon ________ around the Earth.A. is going to travelB. has travelledC. travelsD. travelled（）49.-What languages ______ in that country? -German and English.A. are speakingB. is spokenC. speakD. are spoken（）50. The girl, as well as her parents ________ to the park, and all of them ________ very happy.A. go; areB. goes; feelsC. went; areD. goes; feel2. 语法填空（共24题；共24分）1. I like teachers who________(be) always friendly, helpful and fair to each student.2. Li Lei is interested in English and he ________ (watch) BBC News every day.3. My mother with her friends often ________ (go) shopping on weekends.4. Both she and I________ (be) going to graduate this term.5. Millie said she ________ (visit) her grandparents the day after tomorrow.6.The wealthy girl looks beautiful. She ________ (dress) by a famous dressmaker.7. Mrs. Green ________ (choose) by the volunteer group last year.8. Everyone except Tom and John________(be) there when the meeting began.9.To my surprise, he ________（not realize）his mistakes yet.10. Don't worry. There ________(come) the bus.11. If Nancy ________ (pass) the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.12. Knowledge ________ (be) power.13. I had my finger cut when I ________ (divide) the watermelon into pieces.14. I'll ring you up as soon as I ________ (arrive) there tomorrow,15. Be quiet! A bird ________ (eat) something over there.16.-Could you tell me what you ________ (do) at this time last weekend?-I was studying for the exams.17. We Chinese ________ (encourage) by the touching documentary Amazing China.18. -Waiter, a glass of orange juice, please. -Sorry. Orange juice ________ (serve) only for breakfast.19.The mid-term exam is coming. The students each ________ (study) for the exam at present.20.Those dried flowers ________ (not sell) as well as the fresh ones.21.Every day the supermarket ________ (close) at 9:00 p. m.22.Ten kilometers ________ (seem) a long way for the old people to walk.23. 他不仅英语说得正确，还说得流利。
主谓一致和倒装句中考英语语法专项详解
主谓一致和倒装句主谓一致：一、语法一致原则1、以and或both...and...连接名词作主语时，如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形式；如果该并列主语指的是同一个人或事物（即and后面的名词前没有冠词），则谓语动词要用单数形式。
and连接并列主语，若前面有each, every, many a, no等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Eating vegetables and doing exercise are good for our health.The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week..Each boy and each girl has got a present.2、不定代词another, each one, either, neither, the other, somebody, someone, something, nobody, everybody, everyone, everything, nothing, anybody, anything, anyone no one等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Everyone is getting ready for the exam.3、主语后面跟with, along with, like, except, besides, as well as, together with, including, no less than, rather than, as much as等词或短语时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。
如：Mei Mei, together with her parents, often goes to the park on Sunday.4、a number of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the number of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
主谓一致与倒装句
主谓一致与倒装句主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它要求句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致错误会导致句子的构成混乱，影响语言的准确性和流畅性。
另外，在一些特定的情况下，倒装句也被广泛应用。
本文将详细探讨主谓一致和倒装句的使用规则和例子。
一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
一般来说，如果主语是单数第三人称，则谓语动词需要加上-s或-es；如果主语是复数，谓语动词则保持原形。
主谓一致错误的例子如下：1. 错误：He like coffee. (正确：He likes coffee.)2. 错误：The dogs is barking. (正确：The dogs are barking.)二、主谓一致规则1. 单数主语：单数主语需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- The sun shines brightly.- My friend plays the piano.2. 复数主语：复数主语需要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- The students are studying for the exam.- Cats like to chase mice.3. 不可数名词：不可数名词作为主语时，需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- Water is essential for life.- Music brings people joy.4. 主语连接词：如果主语由两个或更多的部分组成，用and连接，那么需要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- Tom and Jerry are good friends.- His parents work in a hospital.5. 复数名词指一类事物：当复数名词指代一类事物时，需要用单数形式的谓语动词。
例子：- Mathematics is my favorite subject.- Politics is a sensitive topic.三、倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前的句子结构。
初中英语语法-主谓一致和倒装句
一、主谓一致---意义一致
1. 定义：意义一致是谓语动词的单复数要与主语意义上的单复数一致。即主语形式上为 单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义， 则谓语动词用单数形式。 2. 用法： 1）表示重量、时间、长度、价格、金钱等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。 Ten years is a long time.十年是很长的一段时间。 2）集体名词，如family，group，class，population，team，public等作主语时，若看作一 个整体，其谓语动词用单数；若强调其中的每一个成员，则谓语动词用复数。
二、倒装句的概念和分类
1. 定义：英语句子的基本语序是比较固定的，一般主语在前，谓语在后。但有时 因为语法结构的要求或由于修辞的要求，往往要改变句子的自然语序，把一些本 应置于主语之后的成分提前，我们称这种语序为倒装语序。
2. 分类：全部(完全)倒装和部分倒装。
二、倒装句---全部(完全)倒装
1. 定义：谓语动词全部放在主语之前，这种语序称为完全倒装。 2. 用法 1）表示方位的副词out，up，down，in，away置于句首时，句子要全部倒装。 Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。 注：一般情况下，当主语是人称代词时，主语的语序不倒装。 Away he went.他走了。 2）表示方位的介词短语置于句首时，句子要全部倒装。 In front of the school is the hospital. 在学校的前面就是医院。 注：介词短语在倒装句中要整体前移，不能拆开。 3）在以here，there等副词开头的句子里，要用全部倒装以示强调。 Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。 注：以here，there等引导的句子中，谓语动词常为be，come，go等，且时态为一般现在时，如 果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。 Here they are.它们在这儿。 4）以表示时间的副词now，then引导的句子，谓语动词是come，begin，end，follow，be等时， 句子用全部倒装。 Then came the workers.接着来的是工人。 注：如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。Then he went.接着他走了。
主谓一致和倒装句
主谓一致主谓一致（concord），是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。
英语中动词be的变化形式最多，如I am，You are，He is，We are等。
主语I一定要用am的动词形式，这就叫‚主谓一致‛。
主谓一致的三个原则：主谓一致涉及三个基本原则，即语法一致原则（principle of grammatical concord）、意义一致原则（principle of notional concord）和就近原则（principle of proximity）。
一、语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
1.当and或both ...and...连接两个或多个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和丽丽都是学生。
2.不定代词either, neither, each one, the other, another, anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Is there anything wrong with your bike? 你的自行车有什么毛病吗？Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都为运动会做好了准备。
3.由each,each...and each...,every...and every...,every...作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每个男孩和女孩都收到了一本新书。
中考英语主谓一致
3.主语后接有with, along with, together with, except, but连接另一个主语时，谓I 保持一致）5.集体名词family, team, class, group作主语时，如果表示整体，谓语动词用单数；如果表示个体成员，谓语动词用复数。
例：My family is a small one with 3 people. 我家是一个三口之家的小家庭。
7. A pair of shoes is on the table. 一双鞋子在桌上。
（谓语动词用单数）Two pairs of shoes are on the table. 两双鞋子在桌上。
（谓语动词用复数）8. The teacher and writer is coming to our school. 那位老师兼作家将来我们学校。
（同一个人）The teacher and the writer are coming to our school. 那位老师和那位作家将来我们学校。
(两个人)9.以so, neither开头的倒装句例：Jim watched TV last night. So did I. 吉姆看了电视。
我也看了（提到吉姆和我2人）---- Jim watched TV last night.也没看。
12.表示“某个人有---”，用have, has例：They have some books. （主语不是第三人称单数，用have）特殊疑问句：What do they have? What does she have?主谓一致练习：1. There ________ a lot of rain in this area in August every year.A. isB. areC. wasD. were2. Some of my classmates ________ from other cities.A. comesB. isC. are3. A number of students ________ in the dinning hall.------Let me count. The number of the students ________ about 200.A. are, isB. is, areC. are, are4. Either Mary or he ________ going to Paris. Only one person may go there.A. areB. isC. was5. One of my friends ________ already moved to London.A. doB. doesC. haveD. has6. There _____ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me? ------All right, Mum.A. isB. areC. wasD. were7. How many countries ________ in Europe? ------I’m not sure.A. is itB. is thereC. are theyD. are there8. ________ a pen and two books on the desk.A. There areB. There isC. HaveD. Has9. There ________ some old people taking a walk in the park.A. isB. areC. hadD. have10. Not only Jim but also his sister ________ a few cities in the south since they came to China.A. will visitB. has visitedC. have visitedD. visited11. Both Lily and Lucy ________ to the party yesterday.A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. were invited12. Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meetingbegan.A. areB. isC. wasD. were13. When are you going to Beijing for your holidays?------I haven’t decided. ________ this Sunday ________ next Sunday is OK.A. Both, andB. Either, orC. Neither, norD. Not only, but also14. Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? ------I think ________ them are useful.A. either ofB. none ofC. both ofD. all of15. How many teachers are there in your school? ------About 200. One third of them ________ men teachers.A. haveB. hasC. areD. is16.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang ________ Goodwill Ambassadors （亲善大使） for Shanghai.A. has been namedB. have been namedC. has namedD. have named17. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. ________ of them are the pride of China.A. BothB. NeitherC. AllD. None18. Listen! Someone ________ outside. A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. are singing19. It rained heavily this morning, but ________ of classmates were away from school.A. neitherB. noneC. allD. both20. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees ________ in the Amazon rainforest（亚马逊雨林） last year.A. was cut downB. have been cut downC. were cut downD. had been cut down21. Not only his parents but also his grandfather ________ to a lot of places of interest in our country since they came here.A. has goneB. has beenC. have goneD. have been22. ________ she or you going to Beijing next week?A. IsB. AreC. WasD. Were23. Three fourths of the earth ________ covered with water.A. areB. isC. wereD. being24. The mother with her little son ________ at my home on that snowy night.A. wereB. wasC. isD. are25. The singer and dancer ________ yet.A. don’t comeB. haven’t comeC. didn’t comeD. hasn’t come26. How many students are there in your school?------________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand.A. The number of, isB. The number of, areC. A number of, isD. A number of, are27. Swimming in the pool with the children ________ very interesting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is28. Physics（物理） ________ my favorite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are29. The paper for books and newspapers ________ made from wood.（木头）A. areB. isC. hasD. have倒装句练习：30.Do you think we’ll need a coffee pot（咖啡壶）?I don’t drink coffee, and _____. It’s not necessary. Why not a tea service（茶壶）?A. so do youB. neither you doC. so you doD. neither do you31. Jim wants to take part in the torch relay（火炬接力） of the 2008 Olympic Games.------________.A. So I doB. So do IC. Neither do ID. Nor do I32. Jim works hard at his Chinese and ________.A. so Lucy doesB. so is LucyC. so does LucyD. so Lucy is33. I am interested in science. What about you? ------________.A. So do IB. So am IC. So I am34.I’m going to an amusement par k. ------________.A. So am IB. so are youC. So you areD. So I am35. Jim is trying his best to learn Chinese Kungfu. ------________.A. So does MikeB. So is MikeC. So Mike doesD. So Mike is36.How well Anna dances! I can’t believe my eyes! ------________.A. So she doesB. So does sheC. Neither can sheD. So can I37. In recent（最近的） years, more and more Americans like traveling during holidays. ------________.A. So do we ChineseB. So will we ChineseC. So we Chinese doD. So we Chinese will38.Lily’s not visited many places of great interest in China. ________.A. So has her twin sisterB. Neither is her twin sisterC. Neither has her twin sisterD. So her twin sister has39.You’ve left the light on. ------________. I’ll go and turn it off.A. So I haveB. So do IC. Nor have ID. Neither I do40. David has made great progress recently.（近来） ------________, and ________.A. So he has, so have youB. So he has, so you haveC. So has he, so you haveD.So has he, so have you41.Mr. Watson won’t be here next week, and ________.A.neither will his wifeB. neither his wife won’tC. his wife won’t neitherD. hiswife will either主谓一致和倒装句答案：1到20题 ACABD ADBBB DCBCC BACBC21到40题 BABBD ADBBD BCBAB AACAA A。
中考英语专题复习之主谓一致和倒装句
中考英语专题复习之主谓一致和倒装句一、主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
1.语法一致原则指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
a.单数名词、不定式、动名词、不定代词、从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；b.主语后接with,along with,as well as,including,besides,like,except,but等短语时，谓语动词的单复数只与介词前的名词有关。
c.常以复数形式出现的名词（shoes,clothes,glasses,gloves等）作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数，但这些名词前被a pair of修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。
d.a number of+名词复数(许多)，作主语，谓语用复数；the number of+名词复数（…的数量），作主语，谓语用单数。
e.the +形容词，表示一类人，作主语，谓语用复数；f.a lot of,lots of,plenty of+名词,分数/百分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词与后面的名词保持一致；g.在定语从句中，关系代词that,who,which等作主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致；h.在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语保持一致；i.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
j.and或both…and…连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
k.单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。
2.意义一致原则指谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。
a.police,people等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；b.news,physics,maths以及以s结尾的书名、国名作主语时，谓语用单数；c.由and连接的两个名词作主语,指同一概念时,谓语用单数. The doctor and writer is very famous.d.书名、报纸名、国家等复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数；e.one and a half后接名词复数作主语时,谓语用单数；One and a half cakes is a good meal for him.f.表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词作主语时，通常被看做一个整体，谓语用单数。
初中英语语法趣讲专题14 主谓一致和倒装句
A. are
B. is
C. was
D. were
Let’s try.
Good morning ! My name is Shuai lihao .I am three years old now. There are 3 people in my family . My father
is tall . My mother has (have) long black hair . Both of them are teachers. And I am a good child.
A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday. A lot of students are from England in the school.
二、意义一致
这一原则是指,从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式 上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式; 而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用 单数形式。
All of them__a_r_e_ workers. Bill
Can you find out the rule
英语句子中的主语与谓语动词应在
between subjects and verbs? 人称和数上保持一致—— 主谓一致
语法一致 三原则 意义一致
就近一致
单单复复 形单意复复 形复意单单
A. has
B. have
C. is
D. are
10. The news __C___ exciting. We got excited at it.
A. is
B. are
C. was
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4．分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词要与它们 所指代的名词的数一致。
Two thirds of the work has been finished.
5．“the＋形容词”作主语时，若表示一类人，谓 语动词用复数形式；若表示抽象概念，谓语动词 用单数。the＋姓氏名词复数表示“……一 家人” 或“……夫妇”，当其在句中作主语时，谓语动词 用复数形式。
词，或由either, neither, each作主语时，谓语动
词用单数。
Everything ______ goes (go）well.
9．在定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等 作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的 数一致。
She is one of my classmates who are working hard.
water, air等，谓语动词用单数。
The water is very clear.
3.主语为单个的不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或 从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Running____good for us. is
4．由连词and或both...and连接两个名词或代词作 主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。
Mr. Brown, together with his children, has come to China. _________
6. 某些只有复数形式的名词，如trousers, clothes, glasses等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；如有单位 量词时，谓语和单位量应保持一致。
His trousers are too long. The pair of shoes is mine.
happy [ˈhæpɪ] adj. 幸福的；快乐的，高兴的 教师备课、备考伴侣 《恒谦教育教学资源 专注中国基础教育资源 hard [hɑːd] adv&adj.努力地 库》 ; 猛烈地; 硬的; 困难的建设 hardly [ˈhɑːdlɪ] adv.几乎不 he [hiː] pron.他 hat [hæt] n.帽子(一般指有边的)；礼帽 hate [heɪt] vt & n.恨，讨厌 heat [hiːt] n.热 have [hæv] vt.有；吃；喝；进行；经受 head [hed] n.头；头脑(像)；首脑；源头；标题 health [helθ] n.健康，卫生 healthy [ˈhelθɪ] adj.健康的；健壮的 hear(heard, heard) [hɪə(r)] v.听见；听说，得知 heart [hɑːt] n.心，心脏；纸牌中的红桃 heaven[ˈhev(ə)n]n.天;天空 heavy[ˈhevɪ]adj.重的 height [haɪt] n.高；高度；海拔 hello (hi) [həˈləʊ] int.喂；你好(用于打招呼、问候)
哪一句表达正确？ 1.Our class are going to hike next week Our class are big and clean.
2.A speaker and writer does exercise every day.
A speaker and a writer does exercise every day.
The blind ______ need more help.(need) are Americans.(are) 条格言时，谓语动词常用 单数。
《天方夜谭》是一本有趣的书。
The Arabian Nights is an interesting book.
is (be) a good class. 1. Class three ___ 2. My family are ___(be) watching TV. 3. The whole family____________ are having (have) supper now. 4. The police____________ are catching (catch) the thief now.
2．以here, there等表示方位的副词开头的句子中， 谓语动词be应与后面的名词保持一致。如：
There comes the bus. Here are some books and paper.
找出下列句子的错误
1.The police is comimg soon.
are
2.The sad news make me cry. makes 3.My shoes is new . are
(二)意义一致
意义一致是谓语动词的单复数要与主语意义上的
单复数一致。即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复
数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复
数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。 1．表示重量、时间、长度、价格、金钱等的复数 名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
Ten years____a long time. is
grow [ɡrəʊ] v.生长；发育；种植；变成 教师备课、备考伴侣 《恒谦教育教学资源 专注中国基础教育资源 guard [ɡɑːd] n.警戒; 保护装置 guess [ɡes] vi.猜 建设 库》 guest [ɡest] n.客人; 宾客 guitar [ɡɪˈtɑː(r)] n.吉他 gun [ɡʌn] n.枪; 炮 habit [ˈhæbɪt] n.习惯; 习性 gym [dʒɪm] n.体操; 体育馆; 健身房 hair [heə(r)] n.头发 hall [hɔːl] n.大堂; 会堂; 礼堂 half [hɑːf] adj.& n.半，一半，半个 ham [hæm] n.火腿 hand [hænd] n.手；指针 hamburger [ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)] n.汉堡包 handbag [ˈhændbæɡ] n.女用皮包；手提包 handsome[ˈhænsəm] adj.英俊的 handwriting [ˈhændraɪtɪŋ] n.书法 hang(hung, hung) [hæŋ] v.悬挂; 吊着; 把……吊起 happen [ˈhæpən] vi. (偶然)发生
3.A number of Chinese are learning English.
The number of the students are forty.
考点二 倒装句
英语句子的基本语序是比较固定的，一般主 语在前，谓语在后。但有时因为语法结构的 要求或由于修辞的要求，往往要改变句子的 自然语序，把一些本应置于主语之后的成分 提前，我们称这种语序为倒装语序。
Mike and I ______good students. are
5．主语后跟with, along with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, besides, including等引起的短语， 谓语动词的数由前面主语的单复数来决定， 不受短语的影响。
(三)就近一致 就近一致是指谓语动词的数与并列主语中最靠近 它的那个主语保持一 致。 1.当两个主语由either...or... , neither...nor... ,
not...but... , not only...but also... , there be 连接时，谓语动词和它相邻的主语保持一致。 am Neither he nor I___going to Beijing.(be) There____ten desks and a chair in the are classroom.(be)
用所给词的适当形式填空
3.A million dollars ________(mean) a means lot of money. 4.Look out! There comes _____(come) the bus.
5.Doing exercises _________(make)you makes healthy.
3. “some of the, the rest of the, all of the, most of
the＋名词”等既可以修饰可数名 词，又可以修饰
不可数名词，谓语动词的单复数由被修饰的名词
决定。
1. Some of students ______ are here.(be)
2. The rest of the money __________ was give
7．“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动 词用单数形式
注：“a number of＋复数名词”作主语 时，谓语动词用复数形式
is The number of students in our class__ fiftyfour.
8．主语为由some, every, any, no构成的复合代
倒装语序又分为全部(完全)倒装和部分倒装。 (一)全部(完全)倒装 如果谓语动词全部放在主语之前，这种语序 称为完全倒装。
1．表示方位的副词out, up, down, in, away置于句 首时，句子要全部倒装。 Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。 注：一般情况下，当主语是人称代词时，主语的 语序不倒装。 Away he went.他走了。 2．表示方位的介词短语置于句首时，句子要全 部倒装。 In front of the school is the hospital. 在学校的前面就是医院。 注：介词短语在倒装句中要整体前移，不能拆开。
7．以ics结尾的表示学科的名词，如physics, politics, mathematics(maths)等以及一些以s结尾 的名词，如news, James等不可数名词或专有名词 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。