高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册 名词语法知识点总结
Unit 3-4 语法汇总讲义-高中英语新人教版(2019)必修第一册
高中英语必修一语法汇总Unit 3：附加疑问句一、附加疑问句的定义附加疑问句，又称反义疑问句，主要用于口语，其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断，也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。
二、附加疑问句的构成附加疑问句包括陈述部分和附加疑问部分。
附加疑问部分一般由助动词、be 动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成。
组成例句肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分You often play badminton, don't you?You're going to the gym with me, aren't you？否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分It's not a real sport, is it?They can't finish it by Friday, can they？含有否定词的陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分Nobody saw him walk into the room, did they?You've never been to Paris, have you？祈使句＋附加疑问部分Come along with me, will you？/can you？/won't you？/can't you?Don't make any noise, will you？附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似，注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异。
如：(1)A：The29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing,weren't they?B：Yes,they were.(Yes, that's right.)(2)A：MichaelJordan started to play basketball in college, didn't he?B：No,he didn't. He first played in a team in senior high school.(3)A：Davidhas been to a boxing match, hasn't he?B：No,he hasn't. He always watches boxing on TV.(4)A：Youcan't cook, can you？你不会做饭，是吗？B：Yes,I can. I'm good at cooking.不，我会。
2019人教版高中英语必修一Welcome unit 单元语法
Welcome unit 单元语法详解基本句子结构又如在2018年北京高考中书面表达里复杂句式的使用，则会是写作中的亮点。
感知①Everyone laughed loudly. (主语+谓语+状语）②I want to make a good first impression. (主语+谓语+宾语）③I was wrong. (主语+系动词+表语）④I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. (主语+谓+宾语+宾补）⑤H told us a funny story. (主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）⑥There’s a lot to explore at senior high, (There be句型）用法一、句子的基本成分1. 主语:是说明全句中心的部分，一般由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句充当。
名词、代词作主语时一般位于句首。
The girl is very lovely and helpful.这个女孩很可爱并且乐于助人。
2. 谓语:说明主语的动作或状态，有简单谓语和复合谓语之分。
He speaks English very fluently.他英语说得很流利。
3. 表语:说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等，由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词或者从句充当, 表语位于系动词后面。
His dream is to he a teacher.他的梦想是成为一名老师。
4. 宾语:是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。
它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，位于谓语之后。
She likes swimming.她喜欢游泳。
5. 补足语:补足语分宾语补足语和主语补足语。
有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思, 还必须在宾语后面加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思，宾补对宾语起补充说明的作用，通常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词或过去分词充当。
2019新人教版高中英语必修一全册重点单词词形变化总结(复习必背)
人教新教材（2019版）必修第一册全册核心词汇构词法背诵清单welcome unit1. register vt. &vi. 登记; 注册→registration /ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃn/ n. 登记; 注册; 挂号2. annoy vt. 使……不悦; 惹恼→annoyed adj. 颇为生气→annoyance /əˈnɔɪəns/ n. 烦恼；可厌之事；打扰3. impress vt. &vi. 使留下深刻印象→impression n. 印象; 感想→imp ressive adj. 给人深刻印象的4. concentrate vt. &vi. 集中(注意力); 聚精会神→concentration n. 集中5. explore vt. &vi. 探索; 探测; 探究→explorer n. 探险家; 勘探者→exploration n. 探索6. organize vt. &vi. 组织; 成立→organizer n. 组织者→organization n.组织→organized adj. 有组织的→disorganized /dɪsˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ adj. 紊乱的；无组织的7. anxious adj. 忧虑的; 不安的→anxiously adv. 忧虑地; 不安地→anxiety n. 担心; 焦虑; 渴望8. curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv. 好奇地→curiosity n. 好奇心9. nation n. 国家; 民族; 国民→nationality n. 国籍; 民族→national adj. 国家的; 国民的10. confidence n. 自信; 信任→confident adj. 自信的; 确信的Unit11. prefer vt. 较喜欢→preference /ˈprefrəns/ n. 偏爱; 爱好; 喜爱→preferable /ˈprefrəbl/ adj. 更合适的→preferably /ˈprefrəbli/ adv. 最好是2. suit vt. 适合; 中……的意n. 诉讼; 讼案; 套装, 一套衣服→suitable /ˈsuːtəbl; ˈsjuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的; 适用的1/ 53. actual adj. 实际的→ actually adv. 事实上; 的确4. challenge n. 挑战; 艰巨任务vt. 怀疑; 向……挑战→ challenger n. 挑战者→challenging adj. 挑战性的→challenged adj. （生理或精神状况）有障碍的；伤残的；（非正式）缺乏的；受到挑战的5. confused adj. 糊涂的; 迷惑的→confusing adj. 难以理解的, 令人迷惑的6. fluent adj. (尤指外语)流利的; 熟练的→ flu ently adv. 流利地; 熟练地7. recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ vt. 建议; 推荐; 介绍→recommendation/ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn/ n. 推荐; 提议; 推荐信8. advance n. 前进; 发展→advanced adj. 高级的; 高等的; 先进的→advance vi. 前进, 发展vt. 发展, 促进9. obviously /ˈɒbviəsli/ adv. 显然; 明显地→obvious adj. 明显的10. behave vi. 表现; 运转→ behavior /bɪˈheɪvjə/ n. 行为; 举止unit21. apply vi. &vt. 申请; 请求vt. 应用; 涂(油漆、乳剂)→application n. 应用→applicant n. 申请人2. amaze vt. 使吃惊→amazing adj. 令人惊奇的; 令人惊喜的→amazed adj. 惊奇的; 惊喜的3. recognise vt. 辨别出; 承认; 认可→recognition n. 识别; 承认, 认出; 重视; 赞誉; 公认4. admire vt. 钦佩; 赞赏→admirable adj. 令人钦佩的; 极好的; 值得赞扬的5. economy n. 经济; 节约→economic adj. 经济(上)的; 经济学的→adv economically6. accommodate vi. &vt. 为(某人)提供食宿; 容纳→accommodation n. 住处; 停留处; 膳宿2/ 57. arrange vi. &vt. 安排; 排列; 整理→arrangement n. 安排; 筹备8. extreme adj. 极度的; 极端的→extremely adv. 非常; 极其; 极端地9. power n. 力量, 能力; 政权, 权力→powerful adj. 强有力的; 有权势的; 有影响力的10. detail n. 细节; 详情; 细微之处→detailed adj. 详细的; 细致的; 精细的unit31.fitness n.健康；健壮；适合→fit vt.安装；使……适应；使……合身；与……相符→fitting adj. 合适的；适宜的2.strength n.力量；体力→s trengthen vt.加强；巩固pete vi.竞争；对抗→competitive adj.竞争的；比赛的；求胜心切的→competitor n. 竞争者; 对手→competitively adv. 有竞争力地；好竞争地→competition n.竞争；比赛；竞赛4.pretend vi.&vt.假装；伪装；佯装→pretended adj.假装的；虚假的→pretence n.借口；虚假；炫耀；自吹→pretended v.假装（pretend的过去式和过去分词）；装扮5.positive adj.积极的；乐观的；肯定的→positively adv.肯定地；明确地；断然地6.stress n.压力；强调；紧张vt.强调；使紧张；加压力于→stressful adj.有压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.紧张的；感到有压力的v. 强调（stress 的过去分词）；给…加压力7. glory n. 荣誉; 光荣; 赞美→glorious adj. 光荣的; 辉煌的; 极好的8.honour n.荣誉；尊重；荣幸→ honoured adj. 受尊敬的；已承兑或付款的→hon orably adv. 体面地；值得尊敬地3/ 59.failure n.失败；失败的人→fail vi.失败，不及格；破产；缺乏；衰退vt.不及格；使失望；忘记；舍弃10. champion n. 冠军; 优胜者→championship n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛; 冠军称号11. determine vi. &vt. 决定; 确定→determination n. 决心; 决定→determined adj. 有决心的12. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害→injury n. 损伤; 伤害→inj ured adj. 受伤的→injurious adj. 有害的13. grace n. 优雅; 恩惠; 魅力; 慈悲→graceful adj. 优美的; 优雅的→gracious adj. 和蔼的; 慈祥的14. athlete n. 运动员; 运动健儿→athletic/æθˈletɪk/ adj. 运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的unit41. die v. 死(亡)→death n. 死; 死亡→dead adj. 死的; 无生命的→n.death2. shock vt. (使)震惊; 震动→shocking adj. 令人震惊的→shocked adj. 震惊的3. electricity n. 电; 电流; 电学→electric adj. 电的; 用电的→electrical adj. 发电的→electronic /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ adj. 电子的n. 电子电路；电子器件4. breathe /briːð/ vt. &vi呼吸→breath /breθ/ n. 呼吸5. wise adj. 聪明的→wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n. 智慧; 才智6. suffer vt. & vi. 遭受; 忍受; 经历→suffering n. 痛苦, 苦难7. survive v. 生存; 生还→survival n. 幸存; 继续生存→survivor n. 幸存者; 残存物4/ 58. power n. 电力供应; 能量; 力量; 控制力→powerful adj. 强大的; 强有力的→powerless adj. 无力的; 没有能力的; 无权力的9. emergency n. 突发事件; 紧急情况→emergent /ɪˈmɜːdʒənt/adj. adj.新兴的；处于发展初期的；[生]露头的，突出的→emerging /ɪˈmɜːdʒɪŋ/ 美/ɪˈmɜːrdʒɪŋ/ v. 浮现；变得显眼（或重要、突出）；（事实、情况）被知晓；恢复过来；（emerge 的现在分词）adj. 走向成熟的；新兴的10. length n. 长; 长度→long adj. 长的Unit 51. base vt. 以……为据点; n. 底部→basis n. 基础→basic adj. 基本的→basically adv. 主要地, 基本上2. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅vt. 查询; 使……求助→reference n. 指称关系; 参考→过去式refer热点→现在分词：referring3. classic adj. 经典的; 古典的; 传统的; 最优秀的n. 经典著作→classical adj. 古典的; 经典的; 传统的→adv classically4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→vary vt&vi. (使)多样化→various adj. 各种各样的→同义词：diverse5. description n. 描写(文字); 形容→describe vt. 描述→难以描述的undescribable/ˌʌndɪˈskraɪbəbl/6. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会vi. 增→appreciation n. 欣赏;感激→adj.appreciative7. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物adj. 相同的; 同样的→equally adv. 同样地; 相等地→equality n. 平等; 相等8. demand n. 要求; 需求vt. &vi. 强烈要求; 需求; 查问→demanding adj. (工作)要求高的; (人)苛求的9. relate vt. 联系; 讲述→relation n. 关系; 联系→related adj. 相关的; 有联系的5/ 5。
(完整版)人教版高中英语必修一语法知识点总结
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结Unit One Friendship一、重点短语1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话2. set down 记下，放下3. a series of 一系列4. on purpose 有目的的5. in order to 为了6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻7. face to face 面对面8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动）join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员）10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太…(后接adj.)19. not…until 直到…才20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事二、语法----直接引语和间接引语概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。
一般前后要加引号。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。
间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。
例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.”Mr. Black said that he was busy.变化规则（一）陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。
2019人教版)高中英语必修一。知识点归纳 笔记
2019人教版)高中英语必修一。
知识点归纳笔记必修一知识点归纳笔记欢迎单元1.exchange可以用作名词或动词，表示“交换”、“交流”等。
其中，动词exchange可以与for连用，表示“以…为交换条件”、“交换…和…”；也可以与with连用，表示“与某人交换…”；还可以表示“交换意见/想法/观点”等。
2.design作名词时表示“设计”，作动词时表示“为…设计”，常用于被动语态中的“be XXX”，表示“旨在做某事”。
此外，XXX表示“故意地”，反义词为by accident（偶然地）。
表示“忧虑的”、“担心的”、“渴望的”，可以与for连用，表示“为某人/某事忧虑”、“渴望…”等。
XXX则表示“焦虑”，可以与with连用，表示“焦虑地”。
4.XXX表示“恼怒的”、“生气的”，可以与with连用，表示“对某人生气”。
XXX表示“使…生气”，XXX则表示“令人生气的”。
5.r high school表示“高中”，XXX则表示“高级的”、“级别的”，可以与to连用，表示“比某人的职位/地位高”，也可以表示“长辈”、“上司”等。
6.n表示“印象”、“感想”、“影响”，可以用leave/make a XXX…表示“给…留下/产生印象”，也可以用impress vt.表示“给某人留下印象”，impressive则表示“给某人深刻印象的”。
7.XXX表示“集中精力于…”，可以与XXX、XXX、XXX等表达方式替换。
8.leave可以表示“让…一个人待着，不干涉”、“不管，不理会，不碰”，即leave…alone。
也可以表示“搁置一边，不予考虑”、“遗漏，不包括”、“动身去”，即leave aside、leave out、leave for。
12.look forward to doing sthto是介词，后接动词的-ing形式，表示“期待/盼望做某事”。
1.Stick to your goals and keep moving forward。
人教版(2019)必修第一册英语知识点
人教版(2019)必修第一册英语知识点那咱就开始唠唠人教版（2019）必修第一册英语的知识点哈。
一、单词方面。
1. 词汇量扩充。
这册书里有好多日常生活里特别实用的单词。
比如说“exchange”这个词，它可不止是“交换”的意思哦。
像“exchange student”就是“交换生”，在国际交流的话题里经常能碰到。
还有“apartment”，指的是公寓，和“house”（房子，一般是独门独户的那种）可不一样呢。
那些描述人的性格和外貌的单词也很重要。
像“outgoing”（外向的），如果说一个人很外向，就可以说“He/She is an outgoing person.”。
“curly”（卷曲的）用来形容头发，“I have curly hair.”就是“我有卷发”。
2. 单词变形。
动词的变形是个重点。
比如“add”这个动词，它的名词形式是“addition”，形容词形式是“additional”。
像在句子“An additional person is added to the team.”（一个额外的人被加到这个团队里）里就都用到了相关的变形。
形容词变副词也很常见。
像“actual”（实际的），它的副词形式是“actually”。
在口语里，“Actually, I don't like this movie.”（实际上，我不喜欢这部电影）经常会用到。
3. 词组搭配。
“be fond of”这个词组，表示“喜欢”，和“like”的意思相近，但是感觉更深情一点。
例如“I am fond of reading books.”（我喜欢读书）。
“look forward to”后面要接动名词或者名词，表示“期待”。
比如“Look forward to your reply.”（期待你的回复），这里的“reply”就是名词形式，如果说期待做某事，就可以是“Look forward to seeing you.”（期待见到你）。
高一英语上学期必修第一册_名词语法知识点总结
必修第一册名词语法知识点总结名词名词单复数1.一般情况下直接+s2.以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的单数名词后+es3.以辅音+y，把y改i加es以元音+y，加s4.以f/fe结尾①把f/fe改为v+es如:half,life,leaf,loaf一块面包,knife,shelf架子,wife②直接+s如：belief信任,grief悲伤,cliff悬）,gulf海湾,roof,proof证明5.特殊情况①-ch词尾发/k/音，+SMonarch君主stomach②以元音加o或oo结尾的词，加sBamboo/solo/piano/portfolio公文包/memento遗物/concerto协奏曲/quarto （4A）/kilo/largo协奏曲③辅音+o结尾的词，加esCargo货物/echo回声/embargo禁令/hero/tomato/potato/veto否决权④加es或s都行Zero/volcano火山/mango/archipelago群岛/banjo班卓琴/grotto洞穴/halo 6.不规则变内部元音：man-men woman-women child-children goose-geesetooth-teeth mouse-mice gentleman-gentlemen单复数同型：sheep deer sapcecraft太空船aircraft飞行器ChineseJapanese Swiss瑞士人means方法crossroads十字路口head headquarters总部series连续species种类works工厂外来名词的复数形式criterion-criteria 标准phenomenon-phenomena现象analysis-analyses分析basis-bases基础crisis-crises危机thesis-theses论文bacterium-bacteria细菌medium-madia媒体7.复合名词的复数形式①不可数名词结尾，无复数形式Homework newspaper②Man或woman为前缀的，一起变Woman doctor-women doctors man waiter-men waiters③以两个名词组合成的，后面名词变复数④以名词+介词（短语），前面名词变复数Father-in-law→fathers-in-law⑤动词/过去分词+副词，加sGrown-up stand-by所有格表示‘的’的意思，分为’s和of两种所有格形式。
2019人教版高中英语必修一Unit1 知识总结
Unit1知识总结一、Translate the following Chinese phrases into English.1. 协力保护文化遗产 ______________________________________________2. 向农民供水 ____________________________________________________3. 向联合国求助 __________________________________________________4. 向各部门寻求捐助 ______________________________________________5. 在国际社会内集资 ______________________________________________6. 认为这项工程是个巨大的成功 ____________________________________7. 大金字塔的人口 ________________________________________________8. 在整个中国古代史上 ____________________________________________9. 高清数码照片 __________________________________________________10. 教育下一代有关保护历史遗迹的重要性 ___________________________二、Complete the sentences with the items given in the box. There is one extra item.A. ProtestsB. worthwhileC. promotedD. contrastE. limitF. conductingG. committeeH. processedI. mounted J. establish K. balance1. He ________ the platform and gave a speech to the crowd.2. She worked hard and was soon ________ to senior manager.3. This newspaper maintains a good ________ in its presentation of differentopinions.4. He accepted his punishment without ________.5. The ________ was composed of ten professors and twenty engineers.6. He has already begun to ________ quite a reputation as a journalist.7. High prices in the UK make it ________ for buyers to look abroad.8. The new network will enable data to be ________ more speedily.9. There is a sharp ________ between the cultures of the East and the West.10. We are ________ a survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food.三、Complete the sentences with a related form of the words in the brackets.1. The toy helps develop attention, patience and ________ of children. (creative)2. The paintings were in an excellent state of ________. (preserve)3. In his speech he ________ that the UN should set up an emergency centre forenvironmental protection. (proposal)4. The results of this research can be ________ to new developments intechnology. (application)5. Her work has ________ enormously to the success of this difficult subject.(contribution)6. The authorities are planning to launch a full-scale ________ into the crash.(investigate)7. After he won the amateur championship he turned ________. (profession)8. Beer has ________ been made from just four ingredients-hops（啤酒花）, malt （麦芽）, yeast（酵母）and water. (tradition)9. The second half of the game was dull by ________ with the first. (compare)10. The ________ of the crash victims was a long and difficult task. (identify)四、Each of the following words has more than one meaning. Complete each of thegiven word. Then fill in the brackets with its part of speech (for example, n., v., adj., adv.) and its meaning in Chinese.1. applya. She ________ for a job with the local newspaper. ( ________;________ )b. New technology is ________ to almost every industrial process.( ________;________ )a. The Royal Mail ________ a special set of star mark the occasion.( ________;________ )b. She usually writes about environmental ________. ( ________;________ )3. documenta. The thief stole everything in the office, including secret________.( ________;________ )b. His research ________ how the financial crisis occurred. ( ________;________ )4. attempta. The prisoners ________ to escape, but failed. ( ________;________ )b. She made no ________ to be sociable. ( ________;________ )5. imagea. The advertisements are intended to improve the company’s ________.( ________;________ )b. Many coins bear an ________ of its country’s president.( ________;________ )五、Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. sitesB. documentsC. foreverD. heritagesE. lostF. promotingG. processH. donatesI. application J. digital K. preserveResearchers are using 3D scanners to collect data about the size, colour and structure of the Nanchan Temple on Wutai Mountain in northern China’s Shanxi Province. They plan to create a(n) 1 archive（档案）for the temple. Scientists can learn more about the current situation of cultural 2 through data analysis and predict their morphological （形态的）changes in years to come. Once damaged, it can be possible to restore them precisely.At present, China is 3 digital technologies including laser scanning, 3D modelling and photogrammetry（摄影测绘）to 4 cultural heritages, especially ancient architecture such as UNESCO heritage 5 the Yungang Grottoes and the Mogao Grottoes. Even today, scientists are unable to stop the aging of the grottoes using chemical or physical methods. Recording all the information related to the grottoes in a scientific way is a means of protection.Researchers started exploring the digitalisation of the Yungang Grottoes in 2003, trying to permanently preserve its valuable cultural relics and historical 6 through technologies like surveying, laser scanning and artificial intelligence. Thanks to 3D printing technology, a reproduction of a cave in the Yungang Grottoes is being displayed in the eastern coastal city of Qingdao. Replicas（复制品）based on the original cave No.12, also called “Cave of Music”, and No.18, a representative of early caves of the grottoes, have been made by 3D printers and are waiting for the last 7—colouring. The Yungang Grottoes attract a large number of visitors from Qingdao annually. Most of them decide to visit the grottoes after seeing the replicas.Digital technology has also been used in the monitoring system of the grottoes such as recording the weathering speed of statues. The Yungang Grottoes are not the only pioneer in the 8 of digital technologies in cultural heritage preservation and display in China.Cultural heritage may be damaged or 9 , but the information they carry will last 10 with technologies.六、Translate the following sentences into English.1. 她无法保持平衡，跌倒在冰上。
2019人教版高中英语必修一Unit1 单元知识点小结
8. recommend 英语释义：suggest ❖advise 词块：highly recommend, recommend sb / sth to sb;
❖recommend doing sth, recommend (that) sb (should) do sth, recommend sb to do sth；派生词：recommendation
■ n [C] & [U] 挑战；具有挑战性的事情
mount
• face
throw down
• meet / rise to
发起挑战 面临挑战
下战书 迎接挑战
challenge
战胜挑战
overcome / solve
喜欢挑战 接受挑战
enjoy / welcome accept / take
写作方向： In the coming three years, our school life will be difficult.
(challenging)
graduate
构词：gradu (grade 步、级) + -ate (名词后缀) 同根词：grade
■ n [C] 学位获得者；毕业生：
9. sign up (for) 小品词up (向上)，把名字写上去即报名
10. advanced
分词形容词 构词：advance + -ed 词块：advanced technology, an advanced dictionary /
course
11. advance
基本义：前进、向前移动 词块：in advance (of)
a graduate school / student
2019新人教版高中英语必修一unit1词汇表重点知识点拓展总结(复习必背)
必修一Unit1Teenage Life词汇知识点归纳总结①黄色部分为本单元重点词；
②红色部分为短语、同根词，注意汉译英；
③蓝色部分为词块，注意英译汉
向某人推荐
从地震中幸存下来
vt&vi(使)聚焦;(使)集中;调节(...的)焦距
focus on/upon...集中/聚焦于；特别关注
focus one’s mind/attention on...集中注意力于……
【拓展】表示“集中注意力/精力于…”的短语还有
concentrate one’s attention on...
fix one’s attention on...
put one’s heart into...
【同根词】focus(s)ed adj注意力集中的
40.addict v使入迷，使上瘾
addict oneself to(doing)sth沉溺于(做)...
n[C]吸毒上瘾的人;对.......着迷的人
【同根词】●addicted adj上瘾的;入迷的
be/get/become addicted to(doing)sth沉溺于(做)...；专心(做)...
●addiction n.上瘾；沉溺
have an addiction to doing sth做某事上瘾
41.adult n[C]成年人。
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高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册名词语法知识点总结
名词
名词单复数
1.一般情况下直接+s
2.以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的单数名词后+es
3.以辅音+y，把y改i加es
以元音+y，加s
4.以f/fe结尾
①把f/fe改为v+es
如:half,life,leaf,loaf一块面包,knife,shelf架子,wife
②直接+s
如：belief信任,grief悲伤,cliff悬）,gulf海湾,roof,proof证明
5.特殊情况
①-ch词尾发/k/音，+S
Monarch君主stomach
②以元音加o或oo结尾的词，加s
Bamboo/solo/piano/portfolio公文包/memento遗物/concerto协奏曲/quarto （4A）/kilo/largo协奏曲
③辅音+o结尾的词，加es
Cargo货物/echo回声/embargo禁令/hero/tomato/potato/veto否决权
④加es或s都行
Zero/volcano火山/mango/archipelago群岛/banjo班卓琴/grotto洞穴/halo 6.不规则
变内部元音：
man-men woman-women child-children goose-geese
tooth-teeth mouse-mice gentleman-gentlemen
单复数同型：
sheep deer sapcecraft太空船aircraft飞行器Chinese
Japanese Swiss瑞士人means方法crossroads十字路口head
headquarters总部series连续species种类works工厂
外来名词的复数形式
criterion-criteria 标准phenomenon-phenomena现象analysis-analyses分析basis-bases基础
crisis-crises危机thesis-theses论文bacterium-bacteria细菌medium-madia媒体
7.复合名词的复数形式
①不可数名词结尾，无复数形式
Homework newspaper
②Man或woman为前缀的，一起变
Woman doctor-women doctors man waiter-men waiters
③以两个名词组合成的，后面名词变复数
④以名词+介词（短语），前面名词变复数
Father-in-law→fathers-in-law
⑤动词/过去分词+副词，加s
Grown-up stand-by
所有格
表示‘的’的意思，分为’s和of两种所有格形式。
1.’s构成（从前往后翻）
（1）单数名词/复数名词非s结尾，后面加s
（2）复数名词词尾-s，加’
The boss‘s plan 老板的计划
（3）用and连接的并列名词的所有格分两种情况
①表示各自的所有关系时，要分别在并列名词后加’s
②表示共同的所有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加’s
Tom’s and Jim’s rooms （各自）的房间
Tom and Jim’s room （共同）的房间
2.用法
◆时间后
This month’s schedule 这个月的日程
10 days’ holiday十天的假期
◆国家或城市后
China’s policy中国的政策
The town’s population这个镇的人口
◆组织机构后
◆度量衡后
◆天体后
3.of所有格（从后往前翻）
①修饰前面的名词
②表两个名词间的所属关系
4.双重所有格
①Of+名词’s所有格
②Of+名词性物主代词
主谓一致
1.集合名词做主语
①表整体概念，谓语动词用单数
②表个体概念，谓语动词用复数
Eg：（1）The whole family is active.
(2) the family have met their various obligations.
2.单复数同形名词做主语：根据句义，判断谓语动词的单复数
We need to find some other means of transportation.
3.国名、组织机构、书名、报刊名等复数形式的专用名词作为整体对待，谓语用单数。
The United Nations has passed a resolution to lift sanctions against Iraq.
5.由and或both..and..连接两个单数名词作主语时，指代复数概念，谓语动词用
复数
She and her friends are at the fair.
※and连接的两个词指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，且两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数
The teacher and writer is her friend.
※and连接单数主语前如果有every.each.no.many a修饰时，谓语动词用单数
No smoking or drinking is allowed.Every man and woman is required to check in.
6.时间、距离、金钱、价格等常作为整体看待时，谓语动词用单数
①Five dollars is a lot of money.
②Fifteen miles is not a long way.
7.就近原则
（1）There/here be句型
①There are many possible candidates.
②Here are some stones.
（2）or,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but(also)…连接并列成分作主语
①His friends or the boy runs every day.
②Neither gray nor white is my favourite color
③Either Grandpa or my sisters are going to the park.
8.就远原则
(1)As well as;together/along/combined with;
rather than;except;besides;including;in addition to;apart from
①The politician,along with the newsmen,is on the meeting.
②Exitement,as well as nervousness,is the cause of her shaking.
(2)some of,plenty of,a lot of ,lots of,most of,the rest of,all of
Half of,part of,分数、百分数+of+名词短语作主语，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。
①All of the chicken is gone。
②Most of the cookies were eaten。
9.四则运算中，谓语动词多用单数
10.‘a number of+可数名词复数’谓语动词用复数许多大量
‘the number of+可数名词’谓语动词用单数。
的数量
11.“each，one，no one，some（any，no，every）+body（one或thing）”作主语或作限定词，谓语动词用单数
①Each gets a trophy for playing.
③Somebody will pay for this.
12.“one anda half+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
①One and a half apples is left on the table.
13.“a/an+单数名词+or two”作主语，谓语动词用单数
“one or two+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。
① A student or two has failed the e xam.
②One or two suggestions were recommended.
14.many a…或more than one+名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
①Many a man thinks life is meaningless without purpose.
②More than one student has tried this.
15.“one of+复数名词”结构中，谓语动词用单数。
16.few,many,several,all,some后加名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。