Santiago(老人与海论文)

合集下载

老人与海论文摘要

老人与海论文摘要

摘要厄内斯特.海明威(1899—1961)是美国著名作家,也被公认为二十世纪全世界最为重要和杰出的作家之一。

在他的寓言体小说《老人与海》(1952)中,海明威阐述了人独自迎接挑战与斗争、以极大的意志和决心面对失败以及“在压力下优雅的生存”等深刻的主题。

并且文中的所涉及的各种事物也有明显的象征意义。

对书中的主人公——老渔民桑提亚哥的刻画同时也反映出海明威本人最崇尚的人品价值观:勇气、尊严和忍耐。

小说1952年普利策奖, 1954年又获得诺贝尔文学奖。

论文通过对这部作品的分析,阐述了海明威的人生哲学和生活观:在残酷的社会现实和命运之中,人应该勇敢面对一切痛苦和磨难,并同其做坚持不懈的斗争,热爱生活,珍惜生命。

小说主人公桑提亚哥就体现了海明威这种人生哲学,他八十四天没有打到一条鱼,却并没有丧失信心和希望,仍然孤身一人出海,终于钓到一条罕见的大马林鱼。

同大马林鱼和鲨鱼的搏斗体现了他不屈不挠的斗争精神。

另外,小说的环境和情节的描述也反映了海明威的这种人生哲学:人生的意义既不在于成功也不在于失败,而在于斗争:在于同残酷的社会现实和冷漠无情的命运斗争,这才是真正地热爱生活、珍惜生命。

老渔夫虽然老了,倒霉、失败,但他仍旧坚持努力,而能在失败的风度上赢得胜利。

这部小说表现了一种奋斗的人生观,即使面对的是不可征服的大自然,但人仍然可以得到精神上的胜利。

也许结果是失败,在奋斗的过程中,我们可以看到一个人如何成为一个顶天立地的大丈夫。

关键词:海明威;老人与海;人生哲学;硬汉AbstractErnest Hemingway (1899-1961), a famous American writer, is considered as one of the most important and outstanding writers of the 20th century in the world. In his parable story The Old Man and the Sea (1952), Hemingway further explores the masculine theme of meeting and struggling alone with challenges, showing extreme determination and fortitude in the face of certain defects, and living “gracefully under pressure”. And the things referred in the story all have obvious symbolism. The portrayal of the old fisherman Santiago reflected the qualities and the values that the author admires most: courage, dignity and the power to endure. Hemingway won the Pulitzer Prize for the story in 1952 and again in 1954, he won the Nobel Prize.This thesis intends to prob e into Hemingway’s philosophy of life through the story The Old Man and the Sea: when facing the cruel social reality and miserable fates, man should be brave and struggle with all the pains and sufferings, loving life and treasuring life. The story of the old man-Santiago just reflects Hemingway’s philosophy of the life. He does not catch a fish for eighty-four days but he does not feel discouraged. He goes to sea alone, and finally hooks a giant marlin. His fighting against the marlin and later sharks shows his struggling spirit. In addition, the description of the environment and plot also reflect Hemingway’s philosophy of the life: the meaning of life neither in the “success”, nor “failure”, but in the process of struggle itself.Although he is old ,he can insist and he could win at last.His hero---Santiago, is a guide to all human beings. He represents the spirit of the time. And the novel has brought luster to the realistic literature in the 20th century. We can understand how he could be a huge man. A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” He feels good to be one of the human and natural world.Key word: Hemingway; The Old Man and the Sea; philosophy of the life; Code Hero。

老人与海的英语作文

老人与海的英语作文

老人与海的英语作文The Old Man and the Sea。

The Old Man and the Sea is a classic novel written by Ernest Hemingway, which tells the story of an old fisherman named Santiago. Despite his age and the skepticism of others, Santiago sets out to catch a giant marlin, determined to prove his worth and regain his lost pride.In the beginning, Santiago is portrayed as a humble and experienced fisherman who has gone 84 days without catching a fish. His young apprentice, Manolin, is forced by his parents to leave Santiago and work with more successful fishermen. However, Manolin still cares deeply for Santiago and continues to support him emotionally.One day, Santiago sets out alone on his small skiffinto the Gulf Stream. After a long wait, he feels a strong tug on his line, indicating that he has finally caught a fish. This fish turns out to be a massive marlin, muchlarger than Santiago's skiff. Santiago battles with the marlin for days, enduring physical pain and exhaustion. Despite his struggles, he refuses to give up, determined to prove his worth as a fisherman.During his battle with the marlin, Santiago reflects on his life and the nature of man's struggle against nature.He develops a deep respect for the marlin, seeing it as a worthy opponent. However, Santiago's struggle is not only against the marlin but also against the sharks that are attracted to the smell of blood. He fights off the sharks with all his strength, using his harpoon and knife, butthey manage to eat most of the marlin, leaving only its skeleton.As Santiago returns to the shore, he is exhausted and devastated by the loss of his catch. However, he still maintains his pride and dignity, refusing to let his defeat define him. The other fishermen are amazed by the size ofthe marlin's skeleton and the evidence of Santiago's battle. They respect him for his bravery and determination, recognizing him as a true fisherman.The Old Man and the Sea is a powerful exploration of the human spirit and the struggle against adversity. Santiago's story is a metaphor for the challenges we all face in life and the importance of perseverance and determination. Despite his age and physical limitations, Santiago refuses to give up on his dreams and continues to fight for what he believes in.In conclusion, The Old Man and the Sea is a timeless novel that continues to resonate with readers around the world. Through Santiago's journey, we are reminded of the power of the human spirit and the importance of never giving up. It is a story of courage, resilience, and the pursuit of one's dreams, inspiring us to face our own challenges with strength and determination.。

老人与海英语作文

老人与海英语作文

老人与海英语作文Title: The Old Man and the Sea: An Exploration in English。

In Ernest Hemingway's timeless novella "The Old Man and the Sea," the protagonist Santiago embarks on a profound journey of resilience, courage, and the relentless pursuit of one's dreams. Through Santiago's struggle against the formidable marlin and the unforgiving sea, Hemingway unveils profound truths about the human condition and the enduring spirit of perseverance. In this essay, we delve into the thematic depths of "The Old Man and the Sea" through an exploration of its characters, symbols, and overarching themes.First and foremost, Santiago emerges as the epitome of resilience and determination. Despite facing seemingly insurmountable odds and enduring physical hardships, Santiago remains steadfast in his pursuit of the marlin. His unwavering commitment to his goal symbolizes the humancapacity for perseverance in the face of adversity. Santiago's resilience serves as a testament to the indomitable nature of the human spirit, inspiring readers to confront their own challenges with courage and tenacity.Moreover, the marlin itself serves as a powerful symbol within the narrative, representing both the allure of the unknown and the formidable forces of nature. As Santiago battles the marlin, he is not merely engaged in a physical struggle but also a symbolic one, grappling with his own inner demons and the existential questions that plague him. The marlin's immense size and strength mirror the magnitude of Santiago's own aspirations, underscoring the enormity of the challenges he must overcome to achieve his goals.Furthermore, the sea emerges as a central motif throughout the novella, embodying both the vastness of the external world and the depths of the human psyche. For Hemingway, the sea represents a metaphorical arena in which Santiago confronts not only the physical trials of his journey but also the existential dilemmas that lie at the heart of his being. In the vast expanse of the ocean,Santiago finds solace, purpose, and ultimately redemption, as he grapples with his own mortality and the ephemeral nature of human existence.Additionally, Santiago's relationship with the boy, Manolin, underscores the themes of mentorship, companionship, and the passing of wisdom from one generation to the next. Despite their age difference, Santiago and Manolin share a deep bond forged through their mutual love of the sea and their shared experiences. Manolin's unwavering loyalty and admiration for Santiago serve as a source of strength and inspiration for the old man, reaffirming the importance of human connection and solidarity in the face of adversity.In conclusion, "The Old Man and the Sea" stands as a timeless masterpiece that continues to captivate readers with its profound insights into the human condition. Through Santiago's journey of resilience, courage, andself-discovery, Ernest Hemingway invites us to reflect on our own lives and the challenges that define us. As we navigate the tumultuous seas of existence, may we drawinspiration from Santiago's unwavering spirit and find solace in the enduring truths that lie at the heart of this literary classic.。

英美文化论文:浅谈学术史角度下《老人与海》桑提亚哥形象研究

英美文化论文:浅谈学术史角度下《老人与海》桑提亚哥形象研究

浅谈学术史角度下《老人与海》桑提亚哥形象研究海明威的《老人与海》1954 年获诺贝尔文学奖后,立刻引起了全球的轰动和热评。

该作品问世 60 多年来,受到我国作家与批评群体的高度赞誉与评价。

尤其对主人公桑提亚哥形象的研究,已成为这部杰作研究的独特的亮点。

从学术史的角度梳理对桑提亚哥人物形象的诸多评价,为进一步拓展《老人与海》以及海明威的研究,具有重大的现实意义。

文学作品的人物批评,通常有这样几种模式。

一是依据作者的文本,进行"还原式"批评,基本按作者的意图来叙述或阐释,读者的主观创造性和能动性没有得到充分的发挥。

作家怎么说的,他们就怎么解读。

二是读者"反应式"批评,即接受美学所倡导的批评,读者的创造性得以发挥,读者批评是第二次创作,人物形象大于作者文本中的人物形象,流行的说法是"一千个读者一千个哈姆雷特".三是"时代式"人物批评,读者撇开文本,按照主流意识形态的需要而幻化出一种人物形象,人物形象完全失去了文学本真的意义,与原作中的人物相距甚远。

有"画虎不成反成犬"的味道。

国内对《老人与海》中桑提亚哥的批评就体现了上述三种批评模式。

在 20 世纪 60 年代初,我国学者董衡巽对桑提亚哥这一人物就给予了这样的评价: "桑提亚哥作为一个资本主义社会的劳动者,是缺乏真实性、缺乏典型性的。

作者要不告诉我们主人公的职业和身份,我们会毫不犹豫地看出:这是一个在阶级社会里逃避现实的知识分子的形象,一个超人式的英雄。

劳动者只是其外表,内心却是那种不懂得劳动人民疾苦的小资产阶级的孤傲心情。

"显而易见,他这是站在无产阶级的立场,依据时代的需要,对人物给予的阶级定性,并给桑提亚哥贴上了不真实的"劳动者"形象的政治标签,把桑提亚哥说成为资产阶级知识分子的形象。

这样一来,就很容易使他树立起批判的靶子。

论文 老人与海

论文 老人与海

1 Introduction“The Old Man and the Sea" as Hemingway's last work, it is the last also the most influential work through Hemingway's life. He wrote about many things of his own in the book. The fisherman’s life in the story is originally from his own several years` fishing experience in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean. ( 张国敬, 5)Hemingway he himself is a baseball fan and baseball is the main clue of Santiago’s through in the story. Because of his own experience and writing skill in the book made he won the Nobel Prize of Literature. Especially, the fisherman Santiago’s hard fishing experience and his tough spirit impress the readers a great deal."Old Man and the Sea" has been discussed in various ways in different articles. Such as: Grace under pressure - Analysis the main character Santiago in" The Old Man and the Sea”; the function of the boy in "The Old Man and the Sea”; the symbolism in "The Old Man and the Sea”. Hemingway shaped a great character of tough spirit which is very important. Because it supports a person’s way of action and determined his/her result of success, the main topic of this paper is the tough spirit of Santiago in "The Old Man and the Sea”. The tough spirit of "The Old Man and the Sea” supports Santiago’s simple life. He lives in a small, simple and crude house, eat little food, but does backbreaking labor work. Tough spirit enables him going to the farther sea to fish and overcoming the difficulty in the fishing journey. He fights with the Negro, big marlin and groups of sharks. This is Santiago, a man with old appearance but tough mind. The whole paper will analyze the tough spirit of Santiago in three aspects:Santiago’s physical condition; good psychological quality of Santiago and his tough spirit; simple life of Santiago —demonstration of the tough spirit.2 Santiago’s physical conditionA person’s spirit is always reflected in many different aspects of the person. One of the most effective matters is physical condition. Physical condition has a direct effect on one’s spirit.A typical example is the famous Chinese basketball player Yao Ming. His height and good physical condition enables him to succeed in basketball career. He is not only famous in China, but all over the world. The main character Santiago in the book also has a fine physical condition.①①/view/2271.htmAnd this is the material base for the tough spirit. We could find the good physical condition from his health body and find him endure the suffering during the fishing course.2.1 The strong bodyWhen mentioning about the old man, I find many words describing him, for example, faltering steps, slow reaction,and dull eyes. However the old man Santiago in the story, in contrast, has a healthy body. He has sharp eyes, and strong body. Thus a kind of tough spirit is shown and it is the spirit made him a successful fisherman. Generally the physical condition has direct influence on one’s spirit. And good physical condition has a positive effect on one `s spirit. A healthy body belongs to the good physical condition. And health body does positive effect on one’s spirit. The health body of Santiago enables him to have a tough spirit. It guides Santiago all the way. Health body is the material condition of Santiago’s tough spirit. There are several elements to show Santiago’s healthy body. They are clear eye sight; powerful shoulders and strong neck.2.1.1 Good eye sightEye is one of the most important organs of human body. With the eyes, a person thus reads the literacy; appreciates pictures and the colorful world. For instance, Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation; Edison invented the light. (Hendrik Willem Van Loon, 24) In a word, eyes play a very important role in human life. The eye to a fisherman is everything. A fisherman’s profession is fishing. He depends on fishing to support their families. The fisherman Santiago has good eye sight. “All my life the early sun hurt my eyes, he thought. Y et they still good. In theevening I can look straight into it without getting the blackness.”(Hemingway, 23) This is a physical advantage, and it helps him with the fishing course. He can see farther, see the target more clearly, and has more chance to get the fish. The clear eye sight is the symbol of the represent of healthy body of Santiago. A healthy body means good physical condition. The clear eye sight does positive effect on Santiago’s tough spirit, meanwhile demonstrate the tough spirit.2.1.2 Powerful shoulder and neckWe can infer from the title of the book "The Old Man and the Sea”that the old man Santiago is the central character. At the beginning of the book, it reads: “The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown blotches of the tropic on the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were in his cheeks.”(Hemingway, 1) These words show that the old man Santiago was a poor, lonely, aging and ordinary fisherman. Just as what people think there is nothing special. As the story develops, such words can be found: “They are strange shoulders, still powerful although very old, and the neck still strong to.”(Hemingway, 9) A reader may find it strange an aging man looked old, but his shoulders are still powerful and the neck still strong. From the description of Hemingway’s we could see that the old man Santiago looked old, but his heart remained young. This is just the reflection of the tough spirit. In the story, the old man Santiago has powerful shoulders and strong neck. These show that old man Santiago has a strong body. The strong body shows the good physical condition and shows the tough spirit also.2.2 The cuts of his handsAs a fisherman, Santiago’s life is full of hardships. He always exposed himself to the rainfall and wind, and the hot summer sun all the year around. Many deep-creased scars left on his hands were coursed when handling large heavy fish. “His hands had the deep-creased scars from handing heavy fish on the cords.”(Hemingway, 1) During three days’fishing experience, he overcomes hunger and eats the uncooked fish; he sleeps little during the three days. He fights with the shark when he had the back ache and was very tired. An ordinary man can not go through this kind of hardship. Although someone who had gone through it, he would fade down and extremely decadent. With his tough body, the old man Santiago has overcome these difficultiesand sufferings, and has become stronger. He was not beaten down by the failures and difficulties. The good physical condition ensures him the tough spirit. It is under such tough spirit that he solves all the problems, and finds his value in the end.2.3 Display of tough spirit in his physical conditionSantiago is a heroic character in“the old man and the sea.”His cute eye sight helps him observe the fish, and catch them exactly. His powerful shoulders and strong neck help him carry the fishing tools,fight with and sharks. He bares the failures and difficulties during the fishing course. All these demonstrate his tough spirit. They constitute the material base of the old man Santiago’s tough spirit. It is just like the principle of building a building. The building must have a solid base. If not, the building would collapse sooner or later. Santiago’s good physical decides the tough spirit.3 Good psychological quality of Santiago and his tough spiritBesides the physical condition, another important factor that goes through the whole books, and reflects the old man Santiago’s tough spirit all the way. That is Santiago’s psychological quality. Psychological quality is an important part of a person’s total quality. Psychological quality includes one’s recognition ability, will emotion, and some other things. These elements also are related to the elements of spirit. We say the physical condition has a direct effect on Santiago’s tough spirit, and then psychological quality is directly related with his tough spirit. Different psychological quality has different effect on one’s spirit. Good psychological quality always leads to good spirit. With the different kinds of ways of life, their different education and environment, everyone has his or her own psychological quality. The old man Santiago in“the old man and the sea”lives in such an environment: he goes out for fish everyday; he fights with the sea and natural difficulty; experience accumulating year after year. This kind of environment shapes his good psychological quality. Only this kind of quality enables him to be patient and strong. This quality directly leads to his tough spirit and helps him overcome the different difficulty and hardships during the fishing journey. We can infer his good psychological quality through his surviving in the adversity; courage and confidence and self comfort.3.1 Surviving in the adversityThe adversity is a great challenge to a person. It always brings about two results:on the one hand those people who have poor psychological quality may be beaten down. On the other hand those who have good or better psychological quality always become stronger. When Confucius was three, his father died and he often suffered from discrimination. In those days, there was neither the paper-making operation, nor printing. He carved all the word on the bamboo. "Book of Changes" which is passed down at that time was a book carved by Confucius. Later, he became famous. Now he is not only well known in China, but all over the world. He is such a person who survived in adversity. (李传玺, 40) The man Santiago in “the old man and the sea” is just like Confucius. He is a poor fisher man who goes fishing everyday and works very hard. It still can’t afford his simple life. He hasn’t got any fish in eighty days. “He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days without taking a fish.”(Hemingway, 1) Because of the failure of the fishing course, he is laughed at by other fishermen. He also lost his last companion also the best friend—the boy who always goes fishing with him. It is the good psychological quality that leads to tough spirit, and he depends on his tough spirit and overcomes these adversities.3.1.1 The frustration of harvestless workFisherman goes fishing everyday and he relies on this skill to support his life. To a fisherman, eighty four days without getting a fish is really a great frustration. It is heavy enough to beat a fisherman down. “The old man has gone eighty four days without taking a fish.”(Hemingway, 1) The old fisherman Santiago stands still. He comes back as usual, gets all the fishing tools ready and carries them home with the help of the young boy. He gets no fish with an empty boat. This means that he would have no food for his living. What is the situation when it lasts eighty four days? We get from the book----“the old man and the sea” that: he almost does not eat just some water and does not have food in his house. “But they went through this fiction every day. There was no pot of yellow rice and fish and the boy knew this too.”(Hemingway, 7) It is the boy who goes to the bodega to bring him food. In the morning of eighty-fifth day, the boy offers him two fresh baits and invites him to have breakfast which is the only meal for the whole day. Because of his eighty four days without getting a fish, the other fishermen make fun of him, and they think the old fisherman was really unlucky. The boy who had gone fishing with him also left him due to his parents’ order. “The boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught threegood fish the first week.”(Hemingway, 1) Facing these frustrations, ensure of tough spirit based on his fine psychological quality, the old fisherman Santiago accepts all of these frustration and keep on going fishing on the eighty-fifth day.3.1.2 The pressure of making a livingMaterial needs are the basic need of one’s life. Only when one is satisfied in term of material needs, can he do further development. The old fisherman in “the old man and the sea” is facing the pressure o f making a living and meanwhile he strongly wants to approve his own value. These are two steps. They should be accomplished one by one. He should making a living first and then approve his own value. But the old fisherman finishes them at the same time. Because he hasn’t get any fish for eighty four days, he is under the pressure of making a living, meanwhile proving his value, proving his ability of fishing. If he can get fish, especially the big fish, he can get rid of the pressure, and show that he is not so unlucky. Generally when one feels pressure he generates power against it. As the good psychological quality enables him to have the tough spirit, the old fisherman Santiago was so brave to accept the pressure. In spite of the failure, and the dark clouds of ridicule, he gets prepared for the eighty fifth day’s fishing course. The tough spirit makes him believe that the eighty fifth day would be different, good hunting day for him and he could achieve his goal.3.1.3 The loneliness when living aloneLoneliness is a great challenge to a person. It does the same function as frustration and pressure. Sometimes it is even worse. Loneliness always exercises bad effect on people. The only way to overcome it is the good psychological quality, or you will surrender to it. If it conquers you, you will lose yourself. But good psychological quality is the enemy of loneliness with powerful weapon. The person who has good psychological quality is enabled to fight against the loneliness. The old fisherman Santiago in “The old man and the sea” is a lonely man. The author does not introduce the origin of Santiago, and people do not know where he comes from. He then has no family, or relatives, for his wife died several years ago. “Once there had been a tined photograph of his wife on the wall, but he had taken it down, because it made him too lonely to see it and it was on the shelf in the corner under his clean shirt.”(Hemingway, 8) At the beginning, the story tells us that: A young boy named Manolinstayed with the old Santiago. Because of his bad luck of getting no fish for a long time, the only companion Manolin has left him to another boat. This makes the old man over lonelier. It is the good psychological quality that enables him to possess the tough spirit. With tough spirit, Santiago accepts the loneliness and overcomes it. He tries to find some other friends and companions. During his fishing course, he talks with the sea and considers sea as his friend. He hunts for fish, but he also takes fish as his good friends. Their relationship has been more complex. He also has some other friends, such as: sea birds, wind, currents, even himself. The old fisherman Santiago uses this way to overcome the loneliness, and approves himself in the end.3.2 Courage and confidence“Brave Heart” is a great film, in which the main character is named William. He is a Scottish farmer, and under the despotic rule of English king. He leads other farmers and his fellows to fight against the despotic rule of English king. (Randall Wallance, 35) How can a common person lead other men to fight against their ruler? The name of film gives the answer. That is brave heart. It is the courage and confidence that support William all the way through the battlegrounds, William is a good example to be cited here. Courage and confidence shows one’s good psychological quality. They are the important part of psychological quality. We can get a conclusion that the person who has enough courage and confidence always has good psychological quality. The old fisherman Santiago in “The old man and the sea”also has enough courage and confidence, and William has a lot in common. They both fight against their own enemy on the battleground. The old fisherman’s battle ground is the sea. He fights against the fish, sharks, even himself too. Compare with William’s, the fisherman’s situation is much worse as he is always alone; thus he needs more courage and confidence. The old fisherman Santiago has to fight to change his bad luck and prove his value in people’s mind. Courage and confidence represent the good psychological quality. Psychological quality is directly related to one’s spirit. And courage and confidence embody the tough spirit. How can the old man get so much courage and confidence? We will analyze them in four angles: Going to the farther sea to fish; Playing hand game with the Negro; Hunting the fish; Fighting with the sharks. Through these analyses, we could discover Santiago’s tough spirit.3.2.1 Going to the farther sea to fishThe sea is a dangerous and also mysterious place. As we get little knowledge about the sea of our own planet. (Sara Cropley, 12) Think about the details that Hemingway wrote in the book “The old man and the sea”. The background of the story was in 1952. At that time the sailing technology was still backward. It was in a small village of Mexico Gulf. The fishermen there use their ancient boats to go fishing on the sea everyday. You could imagine the danger and the risk of fishing on the sea were doubled. Almost each boat has two fishermen. On the boat of Santiago, he used to go with the young boy Manolin. After the boy left him, he drives his boat alone to go fishing. On the eighty fifth day, he plans to go to the farther sea to fish. “Far out to come in when the wind shifts. I want to be out before it is light.”(Hemingway, 5) Going to the farther sea to fish, this is something that other fishermen never did it before. It means he has to face more risk. It is just the courage and confidence that helps him make this decision, and he is risking his life obviously the old fisherman Santiago is a skillful fisherman, and he gets to know it clearly. The power of courage and confidence support him all the way through the fishing journey. He is such a person who is always full of courage and confidence, and takes the risk to fulfill his dream.3.2.2 Playing hand game with the NegroThe book tells us the Negro was the strongest on the tavern, and Santiago dares to challenge him. This shows that Santiago is person who is full of courage and confidence. The game lasted for one day and one night. “They had gone one day and one night with their elbows on a chalk line on the table and their forearms strait up and gripped tight.”(Hemingway, 57) What is the image of a Negro? A strong body and muscle. Negroes are sold to America as slaves, and do the hard physical labor every day. During the hard fishing course on the sea, the old fisherman remembered he traveled to Casablanca when he was young, and he played hand game with the strong Negro. The Negro mentioned in “The old man and the sea” is from Cienfuegos, and also very strong. “He had played the hand game with the great Negro from Cienfuegos who was the strongest man in the tavern at Casablanca.”(Hemingway, 57) Twenty four hours of this game is something that the physical power can not do, but it needs the help from the psychological power. That is the courage and confidence. The psychological quality is directly related one’s spirit. Santiago’s such courage and confidence lead to tough spirit. Under the tough spirit, the old fisherman Santiagoplayed with the strong Negro for twenty four hours and won the game in the end. “He had unleashed his effort and forced the hand of the Negro down and down until it rested on the wood.”(Hemingway, 58) Through this hand game, this shows Santiago’s confidence and courage. It is such psychological quality support him goes fishing on the eighty fifth day, and conquers the big fish.3.2.3 Hunting the fishOn the eighty fifth day, the old fisherman Santiago decided to go to the farther sea to fish. He had a feeling that he would catch fish this day, eager to change his present situation. He gets up very early and wants to leave early. “Before it was really light he had his baits out and was drifting with the current.”(Hemingway, 21) When the day comes, the old fisherman has everything prepared. He drives the boat to follow the current, marching to his battle ground. Not long after his sailing, he catches an Albacore. Just as he thinks that he is not a bad man, then a big fish comes---a big marlin. It is so big that he can hardly pull it back. “The fish just moved away slowly and the old man could not raise him an inch.”(Hemingway, 34) The old man Santiago bares the exhaustion and pain, fight with the fish and challenges his patience. The fight between Santiago and marlin comes to a stalemate phase. He overcomes the suffering, the starvation, backache, the cramp of his left hand and the ache of his right bleeding hand. He clearly knows that “The fish uses all its strength to challenge my courage and confidence.”(柯文娟, 3) Santiago based on his courage and confidence, and did succeed. On the third day of hunting the big fish, he takes out all his strength, courage, and confidence, he finishes the perfect shot.3.2.4 Fighting with the sharksThe old fisherman was fishing on the eighty fifth day, and hooks a big marlin at the day. At the end of the third day of fight with the fish, he conquers the fish because of his courage and confidence. He packs the marlin along the side of his boat, and begins to sail back. He thinks about having a rest. Then another challenge is coming. Due to the smell of the fish, sharks follow behind. It is obvious that after three days’fighting on the sea, he suffers the hunger, pain, little sleep, and almost collapsed. Now he has to face the great killer sharks. This kind of animal always attacks human being on the sea. At the moment the aim of sharks is Santiago’s marlin. But the marlin is very important to Santiago which can change his bad situation. With the big fish, hecan win his companion Manolin back, and his life would be better. The only thing he can do to fight against the sharks and protect his working fruit —the big marlin is to arouse his courage and confidence. When the first shark comes, he uses all his strength to spur into it. “He hit it with his blood-muscle hands driving a good harpoon with all his strength.”(Hemingway, 87) The shark is defeated, but more sharks will come soon because of the blood of marlin. He just rests and waits on his boat for their coming. Then comes several groups of sharks. The old fisherman does not give up, and with courage and confidence the try everything possible to fight against them. He says: “But man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed but not defeated.”(Hemingway, 89) This is just the key point to show his courage and confidence, or we can say tough spirit.3.3 Self comfortGood psychological quality is shown in the point of his self comfort. Normally, when confronting failure or hardship, one needs to do something to help him. Self comfort is a good idea of helping oneself out of such situation.U.S. radio broadcasters Sally • Rafael is a good example. During her 30-year’s career, she had been dismissed 18 times. But she never gives up. Instead she keeps on working, and tries to be creative. Because of her self comfort and creation, now she is a famous reporter in the States. ②②/article/sort0393/sort0166/info-876.htmlThe old fisherman Santiago in “The old man and the sea” was a person whose life is full of challenge, pressure and frustration. One of the important reasons that he can survive in such a environment, and accept the fruitless labor on the sea for eighty four days is that he always comforts himself. This kind of method helps him overcome lots of difficulties. When he did not catch any fish through eighty four days, he told himself that he is not so unlucky. He believed that he can get fish one day —Eighty fifth day; when he hooks the big fish, he tells himself to be strong and have a clear mind; when he gets hurt, he tells himself that little hurt can be nothing to a man. The most conspiracy parts of self comfort are that: he takes the great baseball player DiMaggio as a model to inspire him; he prays to God, he hopes to get strength from God and help him overcome the difficulties. With the help of the self comfort, the old man Santiago successfully proves his value and changes his image in people heart. Self comfort indicates the good psychological quality and it represents the tough3.3.1 Taking the great baseball player DiMaggio as a modelSelf comfort really does help to people. There are different forms of self comfort. Thinking of a model is an effective way of showing the self comfort. Because it is able to help guide one’s action, and have influence on one’s way of behavior. Almost every person has his own model. An example is better than 20 books on the teachings. Models are different according to each person’s own standard. Models can be living beings, such as human being, animals and plants. It can be things, such as earth, stone, sea and other things. Abstract matter also can be models, for instance, legends, numbers, theories. Among them, one of the common models is human being. Because there are lots of similarities between human beings, it is easy to choose a person as a model, and learn from them. The old fisherman in “The old man and the sea”takes the great baseball player DiMaggio as his model. “Have faith in the Yankees my son. Think of the great DiMaggio.”(Hemingway,8) From his words, we could know that he admires DiMaggio so much. On the fishing journey of the eighty fifth days, he catches the big fish. During the rest of the struggle against the fish, he thinks of his model the baseball player DiMaggio several times “But I must have confidence and I must be worthy of the great DiMaggio who does all things perfectly even with the pain of the bone spur in the heel.”(Hemingway 56) He thinks that he should do as DiMaggio does----be strong and confident, and never give up. He takes the baseball player as model, because he thinks one day he would be remarkable, well-known, and have good fame as DiMaggio on his own fishing profession. “The great DiMaggio’s reputation is secured by his superlative batting average as surely as Santiago’s will be by an eighty-foot marlin.”(张国敬,88) We could infer from the sentence that Santiago is also remarkable. What he needs to do is working hard to follow his model, and realizes he dream. Inspired by his model, and with such kind of self comfort, the old man Santiago bares the tiredness and pain, fights with the big marlin for three day, and hunts it.3.3.2 Praying to God for strengthAnother important form to bring about self comfort is religion or faith.Religion is popular in many countries as it ensures people strong or firm belief in their minds. Religion has great influence on a person’s mode of thinking and his③/question/1307060404247.htmlInfluenced by religion, people arouse their strong concern about health, form charity organization, love one another, and quest for peaceful heart. In “The old man and the sea” the old fisherman Santiago is not a believer, but he also pray to God for strength. He wants to rely on the power of the God to comfort himself to encourage himself. Not long before his going to the sea, he confronts with the big fish. The fish is so big that the old fisherman could not pull it back, and his hand was hurt. Fisherman Santiago has reached a deadlock with the big fish. At the second day, the physical condition of him was even worse. What’s more he almost lost his consciousness. In such a circumstance, he thought only God could help him. “I am not religious, but I will say ten Our Fathers and ten Hail Marys that I should catch this fish, and I promise to make a pilgrimage to the virgin of Cobre if I catch him. That is a promise.’” (Hemingway,53) He does pray to god, although he can’t remember all the prayer. He prays to God do not mean that he really can get power from the God. But he does need self comfort as this form of self comfort gives him more strength to be courageous and confident. Thus on the third he conquers the big marlin successfully.4 Simple life of Santiago —demonstration of the tough spiritDaily life is a very important part of a person. It plays a key point in shaping people’s character, especially one’s spirit. Different styles of life may bring about different characters and spirit. In “The old man and the sea”, the old fisherman also lives beside the sea beach. The author Hemingway does not give too much description about his daily life in the story. We only know that he is an old fisherman. He goes fishing on the sea everyday. All his life time he feeds on fish. His long life journey on the sea was gradually changes his appearance. “The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown blotches of the benevolent skin cheeks.”(Hemingway,1)These are the clue of his life style. We can infer from his actions that he lives a simple life. Simple life means Santiago should work hard to maintain his life. It is such a kind of style that shapes his character and tough spirit. Santiago’s simple fishing life enable his tough spirit. In contrast, his tough spirit supports him all the way through. And give him strength and hope to his miserable life. The next will talk Santiago’s simple life, his simple and crude house, daily diet。

老人与海论文提纲1

老人与海论文提纲1

The Old Man and The SeaⅠ.Introductions of Hemingway's works' style and the background of the novel1.1 About the main theme of the novel;1.2 Persons' character and their personality in the novel.1.3 Influence of this novel.II Brief analysis on the structure2.1 Analysis on longitudinal structure2.2 Analysis on spoke layout in structure.2.3 Analysis on priorities and white rhythm.III. Brief analysis on the artistic3.1 Analysis on pursuit for the perfect coordination.3.2 Analysis on attraction of suspense.3.3 Analysis on clever use of suggestion.3.4 Analysis on use of strong contrast in novel.3.5 Analysis on feeling and setting happily blended.3.6 Analysis on use of painting and photography techniques.Ⅳ.ConclusionV. Summaries of the workI介绍海明威作品风格小说背景1.1小说的主题1.2主要人物性格以及个性1.3小说的影响II小说结构分析2.1逻辑结构2.2布局结构2.3重点介绍III艺术风格分析3.1对完美事物追求的分析3.2文中悬念分析3.3聪明地听取建议分析3.4小说中的强烈对比分析3.5情景交融分析3.6图画技术分析IIII 结论IV 文章总结海明威的《老人与海》中的圣地亚哥的硬汉精神。

老人与海 英语作文

老人与海英语作文The old man and the sea is a classic novel written by Ernest Hemingway. It tells the story of an old Cuban fisherman named Santiago, who goes out to sea and struggles with a giant marlin. The novel is a powerful exploration of the themes of perseverance, resilience, and the strugglefor meaning in a world that can be harsh and unforgiving.Santiago is a character who embodies the idea of never giving up, no matter how difficult the circumstances may be. He faces numerous challenges and setbacks throughout the novel, but he never loses hope or determination. His unwavering spirit and resilience in the face of adversity serve as an inspiration to readers, reminding us of the importance of perseverance and courage in the face oflife's challenges.The novel also explores the theme of the human struggle for meaning and purpose in a world that can often seem indifferent and harsh. Santiago's battle with the marlincan be seen as a metaphor for the larger struggles that we all face in life. The novel prompts us to reflect on the nature of human existence and the search for meaning in a world that can be unpredictable and cruel.The old man and the sea is a timeless and universalstory that continues to resonate with readers of all ages. Its themes of perseverance, resilience, and the search for meaning are as relevant today as they were when the novel was first published. The novel's enduring popularity is a testament to its powerful and thought-provoking exploration of the human experience.In conclusion, The old man and the sea is a powerfuland timeless novel that explores the themes of perseverance, resilience, and the search for meaning in a world that can be harsh and unforgiving. Through the character of Santiago, the novel reminds us of the importance of never giving up, no matter how difficult the circumstances may be. Itprompts us to reflect on the nature of human existence and the universal struggle for meaning and purpose.。

《老人与海》:勇气与命运的对决

《老人与海》:勇气与命运的对决1. 引言1.1 概述本文将探讨海明威的经典小说《老人与海》中所展现的勇气与命运的对决。

小说以古巴渔民圣地亚哥为主角,描绘了他孤独一人驾驶着小船与大海搏斗的故事。

通过主人公面对命运的艰难考验以及他勇敢坚持的精神,这部作品向读者传递出关于勇气、意志力和困难态度等重要主题的深刻思考。

1.2 文章结构本文将分为五个部分来全面介绍《老人与海》中勇气与命运的对决。

首先,在“老人与海及其背景”部分,我们将简要介绍这部作品以及作者海明威的背景和创作动机。

接下来,在“勇气与命运的对决在《老人与海》中的体现”部分,我们将详细探讨主人公圣地亚哥所展示出来的勇气和命运对他造成的影响。

紧接着,在“反思与启示”部分,我们将深入思考勇气与命运带给个人成长、困难态度以及未知命运所带来的改变和机遇。

最后,在“结论”部分,我们将总结文章中的要点,并陈述个人观念和评价。

1.3 目的本文的目的在于通过对《老人与海》中勇气与命运的对决进行分析,让读者思考勇敢面对挑战和困难时应该具备的心态和品质。

同时,我们也希望探究古巴渔民圣地亚哥所体现出来的坚韧不拔、乐观向上以及对生命意义追求等深层次主题,以激发读者在面对各种艰难境遇时保持勇气与坚持追求自我成长的力量。

2. 老人与海及其背景:《老人与海》是美国作家欧内斯特·海明威于1952年创作的一部小说,是他晚年最重要的作品之一。

这部小说以古巴湾的渔村为背景,讲述了一个关于勇气和命运对决的故事。

作者欧内斯特·海明威(Ernest Hemingway)是美国现代主义文学的代表人物之一。

他曾参加过第一次世界大战,并在此期间亲身经历了战争的残酷和人性的脆弱。

这些经历深刻地影响了他的写作风格和主题选择。

海明威以简练、富有力度的叙述风格闻名,他注重描写现实生活中的男性情感和困境。

《老人与海》起初并不被看好,尤其是在当时已进入老龄期的海明威,但最终却成为了早期现代主义文学中最成功且备受赞誉的作品之一。

老人与海英语作文

老人与海英语作文英文回答:The Old Man and the Sea is a classic novella by Ernest Hemingway that tells the story of an aging Cuban fisherman named Santiago who struggles to catch a giant marlin. The story is a metaphor for the challenges and rewards of life, and it has been interpreted in many different ways.One of the most common interpretations of The Old Man and the Sea is that it is a story about the struggle against fate. Santiago is a determined and skilled fisherman, but he is also unlucky. He has gone 84 days without catching a fish, and he is beginning to doubt himself. However, he refuses to give up, and he eventually hooks a giant marlin. The marlin is a powerful and dangerous creature, but Santiago is determined to land it. He fights the marlin for three days and three nights, and he eventually succeeds in killing it.However, Santiago's victory is short-lived. On his way back to shore, his marlin is attacked by sharks. Santiago fights the sharks off, but they eventually eat the marlin. Santiago is left with nothing but the marlin's skeleton, but he is still proud of what he has accomplished.The Old Man and the Sea is a story about the human spirit. It is a story about the importance of perseverance, determination, and courage. It is a story about the challenges and rewards of life, and it is a story that has inspired people for generations.中文回答:《老人与海》是欧内斯特·海明威创作的经典中篇小说,讲述了一位名叫圣地亚哥的古巴老渔民捕捉一条巨型马林鱼的故事。

【英语论文】《老人与海》中硬汉形象分析(英文)

青岛理工大学琴岛学院毕业论文题目An Analysis of “Code Hero” inThe Old Man and the Sea学生姓名:杨列振指导教师:安梅外语系英语专业 042班2008年 5月 31日青岛理工大学琴岛学院毕业论文用纸学生开题报告表课题名称An Analysis of “Code Hero” in The Old Man and the Sea 《老人与海》的“硬汉”形象分析课题来源D 课题类型F导师安梅学生姓名杨列振学号2004360082专业英语1.调研资料的准备,设计目的、要求、思路及预期成果:●准备:确定了论文题目以后,开始着手准备相关的材料,再次认真的阅读了英文原版小说《老人与海》,深刻的理解了作者的写作目的和观点,在老师和同学的帮助下,并且借助学校图书馆和互联网,查阅了大量的相关书籍和报刊,参考了许多著名评论家对该小说的观点。

●设计目的:这篇论文试从分析小说《老人与海》中主人公的形象出发,揭示“硬汉”的特征,倡导一种坚忍不拔,永不言败的精神。

●认真准备资料,积极主动和指导老师交流,和同学们共同探讨,在大四下学期认真做好毕业设计,论文字数要要求为5000—8000字。

●思路:论文正文分三个部分:第一部分对作者和作品作一简介,了解作者对小说及小说主人公的看法。

在第二部分,我们将从四个方面分析小说中老人的“硬汉”形象。

文章的最后一部分为总结。

2.任务完成的阶段内容及时间安排:●3月31日,下发毕业论文任务书。

●4月05日,交开题报告和论文提纲。

●4月28日,上交论文初稿,与指导老师及时沟通,对论文反复进行修改、润色。

●5月31日,上交论文终稿,做好论文答辩的准备。

3.完成设计所具备的条件因素:●在毕业设计过程中,积极和指导老师沟通,认真倾听导师的教诲和阅读导师建议的相关书籍文献。

●平常多与同学们探讨,学习对毕业设计有用的经验●就自身而言,要抱着严谨的治学作风,勤奋刻苦的精神认真对待毕业设计,以确保任务的顺利完成。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

Santiago's Good Qualities
The fate of the poor ,unfortunate ,old man is very tragic,but he is still
the hero, even though he failed .he is a undefeated hero, because he does
not give up to the destine.
The good qualities we should learn from the old man are braveness,
confidence, perseverance and faith. We need courage to face difficulties;
we need confidence to believe we can overcome difficulties; we need
persistence to support us to realize our dreams; we need faith to be tough.
“But man is not made for defeat,” he said. “A man can be destroyed
but not defeated.” Failure is not terrible, but to yield is terrible.
We are so proud of the old man, because it proves that man is different
from other living creatures in this world that he defeats the marlin which
is larger than his skiff. We have courage and mentalities to make us more
powerful, because one’s potential can never be measured. And when he
knows that there must be sharks coming, he still keeps calm to think out
different ways to deal with them. How much courage does it need?
Though the old man, Santiago, has gone 84 days without catching a
fish, loosing his luckiness and the respect of his village, he still ventures
far out into the Gulf to fish, confident that his unlucky streak is near its
end. In the process of his fighting with the large marlin and sharks, we
can see his skillful expertise mentalities, and calmness, which fully
indicates his confidence. He wants to tell us that he can get successful not
to depend on luck.
In the face of adversity, perseverance is sorely needed. When his hand
are burnt out by the line, he doesn't give up and lets go the line, but to say:
" It is not bad, and pain does not matter to a man. " Though wet with
sweat, tired deep into his bones, burnt out by the line, with so mush
troubles, he just perseveres in it by using both of his hands in a swinging
motion and tried to do the pulling as much as he can wit his body and his
legs. He overcomes difficulties, persuades himself keeping on, and in the
end win in all, including the the respect or even admiration of his village,
with his incredible persistent characteristic.
The old man also demonstrates that even when all is lost and seems
hopeless, a willful heart and faith will overcome anything. He has faith in
Manolin, in the Yankees, in Joe DiMaggio, and most importantly in
himself. This is perhaps his greatest attribute because without it he would
never have had the strength to persevere and defeat the giant Marlin and
fights off the sharks. Sometimes things could become out of our control
and sometimes we really want to give up, but when we have faith in
something, we will remind us not to give up by the faith, which are the
source of and also reason for perseverance. If only we have faith in
something, we wouldn't have lost the hope of life, thought life is
meaningless, or given up what we always pursue easily. We will hold an
optimistic attitude toward whatever happens to us.
Santiago has taught me a lot that to be brave, confident, persevering
and never loose faith. All these good qualities make me an optimistic girl,
who was always complaining about many things, afraid about difficulties
and gave up easily. Santiago is created by American author Ernest
Hemingway,in spite of which, the writer himself should have died of
commit suicide. I couldn't believe it. But I will keep optimistic all the
time, because my idle is the old man, Santiago.
References:
[1]《外国文学评论选》(下册) 湖南人民出版社 1983年
[2] 《老人与海》海观译 商务印书馆 1963年
[3] 《The Old Man and the Sea》 外国教学与研究出版1996年
[4] 《打不败的失败者》 人大复印报刊材料《外国文学研究》1984年第3期
[5] http://www.paperlw.net
Santiago's Good Qualities
———The Old Man and Sea
22nd, Oct,2011
10124481 余洁

相关文档
最新文档